JP2017175786A - Electric energy control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric energy control system capable of being compliant to a regulation and making a difference between demand and supply be within an allowable error according to the regulation at each predetermined time interval.SOLUTION: An electric energy control system of the present invention, an electric energy control system that on the basis of a regulation and at each predetermined time, performs control of making a difference value between an amount of demand and an amount of supply in a business area be equal to or smaller than an allowance, comprises: a power transmission network that supplies power to a consumer included in the business area; an individual power generation device installed at a location of the consumer included in the business area; a calculation unit that calculates an amount of demand and an amount of supply at each predetermined time in the consumer; and a control unit that controlling operation of the individual power generation device. The calculation unit compares an amount of actual use at a certain predetermined time with a predicted prediction amount of demand in the consumer. The control unit makes power consumption in the consumer increase when the amount of actual use is lower than the prediction amount of demand and makes the individual power generation device operate to supply insufficient power to the consumer when the amount of actual use exceeds the prediction amount of demand.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power amount control system that controls a power amount for matching a demand and a supply in accordance with regulations in a power supply.

  Conventionally, a power generation company authorized by a license system in a country or region unit generates power and transmits power and supplies power to consumers in a certain monopoly state. This is to allow appropriate infrastructure development and stability of power supply by allowing the power business in a certain monopoly state.

  On the other hand, there is a problem that certain licensed power generation companies operate exclusively on a national or regional basis. This is because monotonous infrastructure development and the diversity of power generation methods (thermal power, hydropower, etc.) are less likely to occur, or the market principle is difficult to work on electricity rates. This is recognized not only in Japan but also in other countries around the world as a similar problem.

  In recent years, awareness of environmental protection and the realization of a sustainable society has increased. Power generation methods that generate electricity include thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, etc., but these have dependencies on fossil fuels, carbon dioxide emissions, ecological concerns due to river damming, environmental concerns, etc. doing. Along with heightened awareness of environmental protection and sustainable society, there is a growing awareness of the diversity of power generation methods.

  Diversification of power generation methods can lead to the stability of power supply and the stability of power charges. The so-called best mix of electricity has been discussed, but if the dependence on thermal power generation is high, the stability of electricity supply and electricity charges may become insufficient due to soaring fossil fuels. The same applies to hydropower and nuclear power. The variety of power generation methods is less susceptible to external factors such as the market and the environment. For this reason, diversity of power generation methods is required.

  In addition, in recent years, with the idea of smart cities and compact cities, there is a growing awareness that electric power companies review all power generation and transmission in the country and large regional units. This includes a consciousness to review that transmission loss and costs increase due to the wide transmission range, and a consciousness to review concerns about power supply instability in places and cases where the management of electric power companies cannot be achieved.

  In particular, against the backdrop of an increase in the uniqueness of the region, in addition to the primary products, there is a concept of local production for local consumption where electric power is also produced locally and consumed locally. While eliminating the disadvantages of uniform power generation and transmission in a vast area, it is also expected to realize the stability of power supply by producing the power consumed in the area locally, which is a closer area. ing.

  As described above, at present, the following is required for power supply.

(1) Introduction of market principles to electricity tariffs (2) Diversity of power generation methods (3) Reduction of environmental burden (4) Electricity production and consumption in units of living areas

  In such an environment, in recent years, deregulation has been carried out globally, permitting power generation business other than exclusive power companies, opening of power transmission infrastructure, and establishment of power retailers. Yes.

  In particular, because of the demands for (1) to (4) above, small-scale power generation companies and power retailers have been established on a regional basis rather than electric power companies that carry out monopoly projects in wide areas. It is hoped that will be done. If it is such a power generation company or a power retailer, the power generation method that is difficult for large-scale power companies to perform due to problems such as cost, or power retailing by collecting small-scale power generation, etc. as business Because you can.

  In addition, power generators and power retailers rooted in the region collect power from local small-scale power generators and power generators installed in homes (for example, solar power generators installed in houses). Can be supplied to the region.

  Or, power generation companies and power retailers that are rooted in the region conduct business beyond the region or form a network to expand the business, thereby realizing the above (1) and (2). To be done.

  From this point of view, the activation of power generation companies and power retailers that are not bound by the current business scope of exclusive electric power companies will eliminate the cost side, such as the introduction of market principles to electricity tariffs. In addition, there are merits that lead to the activation of the diversity of power generation methods that can reduce the environmental load and the revitalization of the region through local production and consumption of electricity.

  Against this background, the establishment of power generation companies and power retailers that are not bound by the business scope of exclusive power companies has been established.

  Here, in Japan, it is obliged as a regulation to carry out “simultaneous receipt and management of planned values” for electric power retailers. “Simultaneous amount receipt management of planned values” requires that the difference between power demand and power supply be within 3% of contracted power at regular time intervals (every 30 minutes under current regulations). In accordance with this regulation, power retailers are making various efforts to keep power demand and power supply within the operating range within 3%.

  Under this regulation, a penalty fee of “imbalance fee” must be paid to the regulatory authorities for an error exceeding 3%, which is the allowable error. For this reason, a power retailer needs to make an effort to make an error with a supply amount within a permissible error every predetermined time while predicting power demand in the business range with various devices.

  In such a situation, techniques for predicting and supplying power supply and demand have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).

JP2015-76931A JP2015-148863A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-162925

  In Patent Document 1, the voltage control device 1302 controls the voltage value of the electric power supplied to the consumer from the distribution substation or pole transformer. The power management apparatus 1102 calculates a demand adjustable amount capable of adjusting the power demand of a plurality of consumers, and transmits the demand adjustable amount to the demand adjustment plan management apparatus 1202. The demand adjustment plan management device creates a demand adjustment plan for satisfying the demand adjustment amount requirement value based on the demand adjustment amount requirement value and the demand adjustment possible amount, and transmits the demand adjustment plan to the power management device. The power management device creates a voltage control plan for controlling the output voltage value of the voltage control device based on the demand adjustment plan, and controls the output voltage value of the voltage control device according to the voltage control plan, Is disclosed.

  Patent Document 1 aims to realize power supply commensurate with demand by performing power adjustment based on a demand adjustment plan.

  However, the power demand adjustment system of Patent Document 1 is not intended to keep the difference between supply and supply in an extremely short time such as every 30 minutes within an extremely small allowable error of 3%. There is a problem that only the output voltage is controlled based on the demand plan, and it cannot cope with a very small time interval. Further, since only voltage control is performed, there is a problem that the output of the generated power is only narrowed, and power that is discarded as loss is generated.

  In Patent Document 2, an energy demand and supply simulation apparatus 100 includes an equipment DB 120, a prediction DB 121, a supply plan DB 122, a subject DB 123, an equipment editing unit 110, a prediction processing unit 111, a prediction data editing unit 112, a supply planning unit 113, and simulation data storage. Unit 114, simulation data reading unit 115, and data transfer unit 116. The prediction processing unit 111 automatically corrects the energy supply amount prediction of the energy supply facility based on the weather prediction data included in the facility data 120D and the prediction data 121D, and transfers the data set used for the simulation to an external EMS. A demand supply simulation apparatus is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 aims at a technique for predicting power demand with higher accuracy based on information such as weather conditions and weather information.

  However, the technique of Patent Document 2 focuses on predicting the power demand, and has a problem that it is impossible to realize the difference between the demand and the supply at short time intervals within an allowable error. Although the supply amount prediction is corrected in accordance with the demand, it is still impossible to realize the difference at short intervals within the allowable error.

  In Patent Document 3, the BEMS 10 predicts the power demand (demand) in the facility to be managed, sets the regulation periods in which the power consumption of the loads 22, 24, 20. Within the high period, a forced discharge period for forcibly discharging the storage battery 38 to the load is set. The BEMS 10 regulates the power consumption of each load in accordance with the set regulation period and the forced discharge period, and performs the forced discharge from the storage battery 38. One of the loads is the power consumption in the subordinate load according to the command from the BEMS 10 The electric power management system comprised by the supply-and-demand management apparatus 20 which regulates this and implements discharge from the storage battery 38 to a load is disclosed.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for switching between receiving power supply from a storage battery during a period in which power consumption is to be regulated due to tightness of power charges and power demand, and whether to receive power supply from a power transmission network during other periods. Is disclosed.

  For this reason, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is impossible to realize the difference between the demand and the supply at short time intervals as an allowable difference. Patent Document 3 is intended to temporarily store power from a power transmission network in a storage battery and adjust a power rate for each household. For this reason, the power retailer cannot realize the difference between the demand and the supply at short time intervals to an allowable error.

  As described above, the conventional technique has a problem that the difference between the demand and the supply for each predetermined time, which is a regulation, cannot be included in the allowable error. If this problem is not solved, it will lead to a problem that it is difficult to activate various power generation companies and power retailers in the region.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric energy control system that can cope with this regulation and that can keep the difference between demand and supply within an allowable error corresponding to the regulation at every predetermined time interval.

In view of the above-described problems, the power amount control system of the present invention controls the power amount control for controlling the difference value between the power demand amount and the supply amount in the business area to be equal to or less than the allowable value at predetermined time intervals based on the regulations. A system,
A power grid that supplies power to customers in the business area;
An individual power generator installed at a customer's location in the business area;
A calculation unit for calculating a demand amount and a supply amount every predetermined time in a consumer;
A control unit for controlling the operation of the individual power generator,
The calculation unit compares the actual usage amount at a certain time in the consumer with the predicted predicted demand amount,
The control unit
If actual usage is less than expected demand, increase power consumption by consumers,
When the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand, the individual power generator is operated to cause the consumer to supply insufficient power.

  The power amount control system of the present invention can keep the difference value between the power demand amount and the supply amount within a permissible error according to the regulations at every predetermined time. As a result, it is possible to revitalize the activities of power generators and power retailers that can achieve purposes such as diversification of power generation, power supply with a low environmental load, and local production and local consumption of power in the region.

  In addition, there is a separate power generation company, and power retailers who purchase electricity generated from them and retail them to consumers can supply power in accordance with regulations, thereby paying costs such as penalty costs. There is also a merit that business management becomes easier.

  Combined with these merits, it becomes possible to purchase various electric power, which can give high merits to consumers.

It is a schematic diagram of the electric energy control system and its periphery in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount for every predetermined time in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph of the supplied electric power and used electric power for every predetermined time after control in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the power consumption increase by the control part in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the additional electric power generation in the separate electric power generating apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the electric energy control system in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

The power amount control system according to the first aspect of the present invention controls the power amount for controlling the difference value between the power demand amount and the supply amount in the business area to be equal to or less than an allowable value at predetermined time intervals based on the regulations. A control system,
A power grid that supplies power to customers in the business area;
An individual power generator installed at a customer's location in the business area;
A calculation unit for calculating a demand amount and a supply amount every predetermined time in a consumer;
A control unit for controlling the operation of the individual power generator,
The calculation unit compares the actual usage amount at a certain time in the consumer with the predicted predicted demand amount,
The control unit
If actual usage is less than expected demand, increase power consumption by consumers,
When the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand, the individual power generator is operated to cause the consumer to supply insufficient power.

  With this configuration, the power amount control system can keep the difference between the power supply amount and the demand amount in a predetermined time based on the regulation within an allowable value.

  In the electric energy control system according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the restriction is a plan value simultaneous equal amount receipt management.

  With this configuration, it is possible to control the amount of power corresponding to the regulation.

  In the electric energy control system according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first or second aspect, the predetermined time is 30 minutes and the allowable value is 3%.

  With this configuration, it is possible to control the amount of power corresponding to the regulation.

  In the power amount control system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the first to third aspects, the arithmetic unit uses the power supplied through the power transmission network to obtain the actual usage amount. calculate.

  With this configuration, the actual usage can be calculated more accurately.

  In the power amount control system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the first to fourth aspects, the predicted demand amount is a value predicted in advance every predetermined time.

  With this configuration, the predicted demand amount that is compared with the actual usage amount can be appropriately set.

  In the power amount control system according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the control unit may supply a demand from the power grid when the actual usage amount is lower than the predicted demand amount. Electric power supplied to a person is supplied to at least one of a storage battery, an electric vehicle, an electric water heater, and a heat accumulator so that a difference from the predicted demand amount is within an allowable value.

  With this configuration, it is possible to increase power consumption, and to realize power consumption that can be used and is not wasted.

  In the electric energy control system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the sixth aspect, the storage battery, the electric vehicle, the electric water heater and the heat accumulator are under the control of the consumer.

  With this configuration, the consumer can reuse it.

  In the power amount control system according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the control unit may calculate the predicted demand amount when the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand amount. The additional power generation amount that makes the difference from the actual usage amount within the allowable value is generated by the individual power generation device.

  With this configuration, power can be supplied in accordance with the actual usage. As a result, the demand and supply can be matched below the allowable value.

  In the power amount control system according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the eighth aspect, the additional power generation amount is supplied to the consumer through the power transmission network.

  With this configuration, the power required by the consumer can be supplied together with the power from the power plant.

  In the power amount control system according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the ninth aspect, the additional power generation amount is supplied to the consumer through the power transmission network. The difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount can fall within the allowable value.

  With this configuration, it is possible to match the demand and supply of electric power within the allowable range within the allowable value.

  An electric energy control system according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention includes, in addition to any one of the first to tenth aspects, a power buffer for storing electric power generated at the power plant for a certain period of time. The electric power accumulated in (1) is supplied to the power transmission network and transmitted to a plurality of consumers via the power transmission network.

  With this configuration, it becomes easy to supply power in accordance with the predicted demand amount at the stage of power supply.

  In the electric energy control system according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the eleventh aspect, the fixed time is 1 minute to 5 minutes.

  With this configuration, it becomes easy to supply power in accordance with the predicted demand amount at the stage of power supply.

  In the power amount control system according to the thirteenth invention of the present invention, in addition to the eleventh or twelfth invention, the power buffer corresponds to a certain time and supplies power supply time from the power plant to a plurality of consumers. Delay.

  With this configuration, power can be supplied after anticipating the predicted demand.

  In the power control system according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the eleventh to thirteenth aspects, the power buffer can change the amount of power supplied to the power transmission network corresponding to a fixed time. It is.

  With this configuration, it is possible to easily match supply and demand within an allowable value.

In the power amount control system according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the fourteenth aspect, the power transmission network after the power buffer can suppress a change in power on the time axis due to the delay caused by the power buffer.
With this configuration, demand and supply can be matched.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  (Embodiment 1)

(Overview)
First, an overall outline of the electric energy control system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric energy control system and its surroundings according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  For convenience of illustration, FIG. 1 shows the elements included in the electric energy control system 1 and the other elements together.

  The power amount control system 1 controls the difference value between the power demand amount and the supply amount in the business area to be equal to or less than a predetermined value at predetermined time intervals based on the regulations. As described in the related art, electric power is generated by various power generation methods with the liberalization of electric power. The generated electric power is supplied to consumers included in the business area through the power transmission network.

  In this supply, the difference between the predicted demand for the consumer (predicted by the power supplier in various ways) and the actual usage actually consumed by the consumer is kept within the difference determined by the regulations. is necessary. In this regulation, a time range for calculating a difference between the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount and an allowable difference amount are defined.

  Here, as one of the regulations, there is simultaneous management of the same amount of plan values. It is required that electric power companies and electric power retailers protect this plan value simultaneous receipt management.

  The power amount control system 1 includes a power transmission network 3, an individual power generation device 6, a calculation unit 7, and a control unit 8. Further, the power plant 2 supplies power to the business area 4 of the power amount control system 1 through the power transmission network 3. In addition to conventional power plants such as fossil-fired thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants, and nuclear power plants, this power plant 2 includes solar power plants, wind power plants, tidal power plants, biomass power plants, geothermal power plants, Includes power plants that use renewable energy such as power plants.

  In particular, the power plant 2 is also preferably a power plant in a highly regional range (a range corresponding to a business area 4 in a municipal unit or a similar range). For example, a power plant in a region that mainly supplies power to the business area 4 corresponding to a municipality. Renewable energy power plants often generate power mainly from local sources in terms of power generation capacity. In many cases, the power plant 2 is a power plant mainly for such regional supply.

  The power transmission network 3 supplies the electric power generated at the power plant 2 to the consumers 5 included in the business area 4. The power transmission network 3 may be an existing facility owned by an existing electric power company or the like, a facility newly developed by a new electric power company or an electric power retailer, or a mixture of these. It may be a thing.

  As described above, the business area 4 is a range in which the power plant 2 supplies power, and a power business operator that operates the power plant 2 or a power retailer that receives power from the power plant 2 and retails the power. Is a range to supply.

  The business area 4 includes one or a plurality of consumers 5. The consumer 5 is a consumer who needs electric power, such as a home, a factory, a business place, a store, and a building. The power transmission network 3 transmits power to the consumers 5 included in the business area 4. The consumer 5 is not a component of the power supply system 1.

  Here, an individual power plant is installed in the place of the consumer 5. The consumer 5 is a home, factory, business place, store, building, etc. as described above. Although these consumers 5 are supplied with electric power through the power transmission network 3, it is the individual power plant 6 that can generate electric power locally at the place of the consumers 5 separately. The individual power plant 6 may have a power generation capability capable of generating power using renewable energy or the like, or may be capable of accumulating power upon receiving some power supply. In the latter case, it has a function of supplying the stored power to the consumer 5.

  The individual power plant 6 has the capability of supplying power corresponding to each of the consumers 5 included in the business region 4, unlike the power plant 2 that covers the entire business region 4 and supplies power. The individual power plant 6 may be provided to the consumer 5 as one element of the electric energy control system 1, or what the consumer 5 has in advance may be incorporated in the electric energy control system 1. .

  The calculation unit 7 calculates a demand amount and a supply amount of electric power for each predetermined time in the consumer 5. In the regulation such as the management of simultaneous receipt of the same amount of plan values, it is necessary for the consumer 5 to keep the demand amount and the supply amount of power for a predetermined time within a predetermined error.

  The demand amount in the predetermined time in the consumer 5 calculated by the calculation unit 7 is the predicted demand amount required for the predetermined time. The calculation unit 7 sets parameters relating to the amount of power used, such as the history of power consumption in the past consumer 5, the relationship with the external environment, the history of usage in the business area 4, the temperature and humidity of the day. Based on this, the predicted demand for a predetermined time is calculated.

  The predetermined time is a time determined by regulation, and is, for example, 30 minutes. The computing unit 7 computes the predicted demand amount at the consumer 5 during this 30 minutes. At this time, the calculation unit 7 not only calculates the predicted demand amount in a certain 30-minute period, but also calculates the continuous predicted demand amount every 30 minutes. As a result, the calculation unit 7 calculates the predicted demand amount every 30 minutes one after another.

  Moreover, the calculating part 7 calculates the actual usage-amount of the electric power in the consumer 5 in predetermined time. This predetermined time is the same time as the calculation of the predicted demand. For example, it is 30 minutes as described above. The calculating part 7 calculates the actual amount of power used by the consumer 5 every 30 minutes one after another.

  The calculation unit 7 can calculate the amount of power actually used by the consumer 5 from a power meter (such as a smart meter) installed in the consumer 5. Alternatively, the actual usage amount for a predetermined time such as 30 minutes is calculated from the power consumption every short time (for example, 1 minute).

  As a result of these calculations, the calculation unit 7 calculates a predicted demand amount and an actual usage amount of electric power for the consumer 5 every predetermined time.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount every predetermined time in the first embodiment of the present invention. Calculation results of the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount in the period A, the period B, the period C, the period D, and the period E are shown for each predetermined time. In each period, the left bar is the predicted demand, and the right bar is the actual usage.

  In the period A, the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount are substantially the same. In period B, the predicted demand is larger than the actual usage, and the difference is large. In period C, the actual usage is larger than the predicted demand, but the difference is small. In period D, the predicted demand is larger than the actual usage, but the difference is small. In the period E, the actual usage is larger than the predicted demand, and the difference is large.

  Thus, in each period at predetermined time intervals, the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount are substantially the same, the difference is small, or the difference is large.

  In addition to calculating the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount for each predetermined time as shown in FIG. 2, the calculation unit 7 compares them. The comparison result is output to the control unit 8. At this time, in the comparison result, if there is a difference, whether or not the difference is within an allowable value defined by the regulation is included.

  That is, in the case of FIG. 2, in the period A, a comparison result that is substantially the same is output to the control unit 8. In the period B, a comparison result that the predicted demand is larger than the actual usage and exceeds the allowable value is output to the control unit 8. In the period C, a comparison result that the actual usage amount is larger than the predicted demand amount but within the allowable value is output to the control unit 8. In the period D, the comparison demand that the predicted demand amount is larger than the actual usage amount but is within the allowable value is output to the control unit 8. In the period E, a comparison result that the actual usage amount is larger than the allowable value than the predicted demand amount is output to the control unit 8.

  Here, the allowable value is 3%, for example. Along with the predetermined time of 30 minutes, the allowable value is arbitrarily determined by regulations and other factors.

  The control unit 8 performs power amount control based on the comparison result received from the calculation unit 7. Here, when the actual usage amount falls below the predicted demand amount beyond the allowable value, the control unit 8 increases the power consumption of the consumer 5. In FIG. 2, in the period B, the control unit 8 performs control to increase power consumption.

  On the other hand, when the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand exceeding the allowable value, the control unit 8 operates the individual power generator 6 to supply the consumer 5 with insufficient power. In FIG. 2, in the period E, the control unit 8 operates the individual power generator 6. The individual power generation device 6 is a device that can supply power to the consumer 5 individually. When the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand exceeding the allowable value, the individual power generation device 6 compensates for insufficient power and eliminates this difference.

  Thus, even when the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount exceeds the allowable value, the difference can be kept within the allowable value by the control of the control unit 8. For example, in FIG. 2, the difference is within the allowable value in the period B and the period E, so the differential value is within the allowable value in all the periods. As a result, the electric energy control system 1 can comply with regulations such as simultaneous management of the same amount of plan values.

  Next, details of each element will be described.

(Actual usage)
The calculation unit 7 calculates the actual usage amount for a predetermined time that is actually used by the consumer 5. Here, the actual usage amount can be calculated by using a power meter or a smart meter installed in the consumer 5. That is, the calculation unit 7 calculates the actual usage amount by using the power supplied to the consumer 5 through the power transmission network 3.

  Here, the calculation unit 7 calculates the actual usage amount every predetermined time. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the actual usage amount is calculated in predetermined time units determined according to the regulations. The consumer 5 may grasp a house in the business area 4 as one unit, or may grasp a certain range or number of houses as one unit. That is, the actual usage amount calculated by the calculation unit 7 may be a single house or a plurality of houses. In other words, the actual usage amount may be calculated using an apartment house or a multi-use building as a unit, or the actual usage amount may be calculated using a room in the apartment house as a unit.

  In addition, in the consumer 5 in which HEMS is installed, the calculating part 7 may calculate actual usage based on the power consumption acquired by HEMS.

(Forecast demand)
The calculating part 7 calculates the predicted demand amount by the consumer 5 for every predetermined time. Similar to the actual usage, the demand in the prediction required by the consumer 5 is calculated as the predicted demand for every predetermined time determined by the regulations. That is, the predicted demand is a value that is predicted in advance every predetermined time.

  Here, the predicted demand is calculated in a unit that matches the unit of the consumer 5 who calculates the actual usage. For example, when the actual usage amount is calculated in units of one house, the predicted demand amount may be calculated in units of this one house. Alternatively, when the actual usage amount is calculated in units of a plurality of houses, the predicted demand amount may be calculated in units of the plurality of houses.

  The predicted demand is calculated by various methods. What is necessary is just to calculate by the past performance, the comparison with the surrounding consumer 5, or the prediction from the actual usage amount in a certain time.

  The computing unit 7 calculates and compares the calculated actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount every predetermined time as shown in FIG. In the comparison, as described above, it is determined whether there is a difference exceeding the allowable value. The calculation unit 7 outputs the comparison result to the control unit 8. The control unit 8 performs control based on the comparison result, and keeps the difference between the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount for each predetermined time within an allowable value.

(Operation in the control unit)
For example, the control unit 8 controls the calculation result in the calculation unit 7 as shown in FIG. 2 to obtain the state as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a graph of the supplied power and the used power at predetermined time intervals after the control according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the period B, the predicted demand amount is larger than the actual usage amount and exceeds the allowable value. For this period B, the control unit 8 increases the power consumption of the consumer 5. In FIG. 3, this increased power consumption is shown as additional use.

  Due to this additional use, in the period B, the difference between the supplied power and the used power is within the allowable value. Since the supplied power is supplied from the power transmission network 3 based on the predicted demand amount, the additional power is used for the supplied power supplied based on the predicted demand amount, so that the used power is within an allowable value. Will fit in.

  On the other hand, in the period E, the actual usage amount exceeds the predicted demand amount in FIG. In the period E, the control unit 8 operates the individual power generator 6 installed in the consumer 5 to additionally supply power. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, in the period E, additional power is supplied, and the entire supplied power falls within the actual usage amount and the allowable value.

  As a result of the control by the control unit 8, as shown in FIG. 3, the difference between the supplied power and the used power every predetermined time is within an allowable value. By continuing this continuously, the state of being within the allowable value as a whole is continued.

  In this way, as a whole, the difference between the supplied power and the used power falls within the allowable value, so that the business operator supplying power in the business area 4 can set the difference between the supply and the usage for each predetermined time to the allowable value Can be within. In the end, this means that the difference between the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount for every predetermined time in the entire business area 4 falls within an allowable value.

  As a result, the power amount control system 1 can comply with regulations such as the plan value simultaneous amount receipt management.

(Control of the control unit)
The control unit 8 controls the difference between the used power and the supplied power to be within an allowable value as shown in FIG. 3 based on the comparison result between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount in the calculation unit 7.

  Here, when the actual usage amount is lower than the predicted demand amount, the control unit 8 increases the power consumption of the consumer 5. Increasing power consumption may increase the consumption of power used by consumer 5 in home appliances and the like. However, not only the actual power consumption may be increased, but also the consumer 5 may increase the power consumption from the viewpoint of converting stored electricity or power into other energy.

  For example, when the actual usage amount is less than the predicted demand amount, the control unit 5 converts the power supplied from the power transmission network 3 to the consumer 5 into at least one of a storage battery, an electric vehicle, an electric water heater, and a heat accumulator. Supply. At this time, the control unit 8 supplies power to at least one of them so that the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount is within an allowable value.

  That is, the additional use in the period B in FIG. 3 is additional commercial power realized by supplying power to at least one of such a storage battery, an electric vehicle, an electric water heater, and a heat storage device.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an increase in power consumption by the control unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The consumer 5 is provided with a storage battery 51 or the like. The control unit 8 performs control so that power is supplied from the power transmission network 3 to the storage battery 51 or the like. By this control, additional power is used by the consumer 5 such that the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount is within an allowable value. As a result of this control, additional use occurs as shown in period B of FIG. 3, and the difference between the power used and the power supplied is suppressed within an allowable value.

  This increase in power consumption is realized by supplying power to the storage battery 51 or the like. For this reason, there is a merit that the consumer 5 does not use wasteful power, but can effectively use it thereafter. Storage batteries, electric vehicles, electric water heaters and heat accumulators are under the control of the consumer 5. If electric power is supplied to these, various effective uses such as use of electric power from a storage battery and use of a heat source obtained by supplying electric power to an electric water heater or a heat accumulator can be performed.

  In addition, when electric power is supplied for additional use, the storage battery 51 or the like has an advantage that it can be used as needed by the consumer 5 after being supplied. For example, the consumer 5 can later use the power stored in the storage battery as needed, or the consumer 5 can use the power stored in the electric vehicle for driving as needed.

  In this way, the control unit 8 can keep the difference between the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount for each predetermined time within the allowable value, and can realize the power consumption of additional use that can be used and is not wasteful. For this reason, even if power consumption is added, there is no waste.

  On the other hand, the control unit 8 needs to supply additional power to the consumer 5 when the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand. At this time, the power supplied to the consumer 5 via the power transmission network 3 is generated by the power plant 2 corresponding to the business area 4 and a wide area including other areas.

  When the actual usage amount exceeds the predicted demand amount, the control unit 8 increases the power generation amount of the power plant 2 so that the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount is equal to or less than the allowable value. And often difficult.

  Since the power plant 2 generates electric power for a wide area, it is difficult to finely control the power generation amount in fine time units for fine power adjustment. It is difficult to adjust power generation to fill a small difference every predetermined time. Moreover, although the power plant 2 is intended for the business area 4 and a wide range beyond this, the control unit 8 controls the power coincidence of the business area 4 and one or a plurality of consumers 5 included therein. For this reason, it is not appropriate to control the power plant 2 itself in order to keep the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount below the allowable value in units such as the consumer 5.

  For this reason, the control part 8 makes the separate electric power generating apparatus 6 which makes a unit the single or several consumer 5 perform electric power generation.

  For example, the power plant 2 has a power generation function using renewable energy and the like corresponding to the business area 4 in addition to fossil fuel and hydroelectric power generation. That is, the power plant 2 has a certain scale.

  On the other hand, the individual power generation device 6 is a small-scale unit having one or a plurality of consumers 5 as a unit, such as a solar power generation device installed in a home or an office building or a small fossil fuel power generation device. It is.

  The individual power generation device 6 can supply the generated power to the corresponding one or a plurality of consumers 5 (however, the scale of the target number is small).

  When the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand, the control unit 8 supplements the insufficient power by the power generation of the individual power generation device 6. The additional power in the period E in FIG. 3 is the power generated by the individual power generator 6.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing additional power generation in the individual power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the control unit 8 controls the individual power generation device 6 to increase the power supplied to the consumer 5. This increase is additional power in period E in FIG. With this additional power, the difference between the used power and the supplied power in the period E becomes less than the allowable value.

  Here, if the individual power generation device 6 is a device that constantly generates power, the control unit 8 supplies more power to the consumer 5 that is generated by the individual power generation device 6. Alternatively, if the individual power generation device 6 is a device that does not always generate power, the control unit 8 operates the power generation of the individual power generation device 6 to be supplied to the consumer 5.

  The additional power generation amount (additional power) supplied to the consumer 5 by the individual power generator 6 may be supplied to the consumer 5 through the customer's home wiring or the power transmission network 3. FIG. 5 shows this state.

  In particular, when the individual power generation device 6 is provided so as to cover a plurality of consumers 5, it is possible to supply additional power that is an additional power generation amount via the power transmission network 3. By this supply, the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount can be kept within the allowable value.

  Further, by controlling a plurality of individual power generators 6 included in the entire business area 4, the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount in the entire business area 4 (difference between the used power and the supplied power) is less than the allowable value. Can fit in.

  As described above, the power amount control system 1 according to the first embodiment can accommodate the difference value between the power demand amount and the supply amount for each predetermined time within the allowable value in accordance with various regulations. it can.

  (Embodiment 2)

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, a configuration in which a power buffer is provided between the power plant 2 and the power transmission network 3 will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an electric energy control system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 6 also shows external elements of the electric energy control system 1. FIG. 6 shows a state where a power buffer 9 is provided between the power plant 2 and the power transmission network 3, unlike FIG. 1.

  Here, the power plant 2 is a power generation device that generates power that can cover a wide range such as the business area 4. Fossil fuels, renewable energy, etc., and a single or a small number of power generators may be regarded as the power plant 2, or the entire small power generators provided for each of the consumers 5 are combined and operated. A case where power is supplied to the area 4 may be regarded as the power plant 2.

  For this reason, the power generator provided in the consumer 5 constituting the power plant 2 may be regarded as one element constituting the power plant 2 or may be regarded as the individual power generator 6.

  That is, the power plant 2 includes a power generator operated by an electric power company and a power generator using renewable energy generated in each home.

  The power buffer 9 is provided between the power plant 2 and the power transmission network 3. The power buffer 9 accumulates the power generated by the power plant 2 for a certain period of time. The electric power generated at the power plant 2 is sent to the power transmission network 3 via the power buffer 9. That is, the power transmission network 3 does not immediately supply the electric power generated in the power plant 2 to the consumer 5 but supplies it to the consumer 5 after being temporarily stored in the power buffer 9.

  The power buffer 9 stores the power for a certain period of time and then supplies the power generated by the power plant 2 to the consumer 5. For this reason, in order for the electric power generated at the power plant 2 to reach the consumer 5, there is a delay by the time required for the accumulation of the predetermined time. In other words, the power buffer 9 delays the power supply to the consumer 5 for a certain time.

  For this reason, a state where a certain amount of power is accumulated is realized in the power buffer 9. For this reason, the power buffer 9 can change the amount of power supplied to the power transmission network 3. For example, as described in the first embodiment, when there is a difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount, the power buffer 9 can supply power while adjusting so that the difference can be reduced.

  For example, when the actual usage amount is larger than the predicted demand amount, the power buffer 9 can supply a large amount of power to the power transmission network 3 using the stored power (supplied to the consumer 5). it can). Alternatively, in the opposite case, the power buffer 9 can supply a small amount of power to the power transmission network 3.

  Thus, the presence of the power buffer 9 makes it easy to keep the difference between the predicted demand amount and the actual usage amount below the allowable value.

  In particular, the amount of power supplied to the consumer 5 via the power transmission network 3 can reduce the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount by continuing the state where power is stored in the power buffer 9. Can be made.

  As a result, the delay due to the power buffer 9 can suppress the change in the power supplied from the power transmission network 3 on the time axis. In conjunction with the control in the first embodiment, the power buffer 9 in the second embodiment allows the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount to be within an allowable value.

  In addition, although the fixed time which the electric power buffer 9 accumulate | stores should just be defined variously, it is 1 to 5 minutes as an example. This fixed time may be determined according to the regulations and the characteristics of the business area 4. This is because electric power that is closer to the predicted demand can be supplied in a certain period of time.

  In particular, by supplying power with a delay, it becomes possible to supply power in accordance with the predicted demand from the delayed position in a state where the predicted predicted demand is grasped in advance. By this supply, the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount can be kept below the allowable value. Of course, by combining the control by the control unit 8 in the first embodiment, the difference can be reliably kept below the allowable value.

  As described above, the power amount control system 1 according to the second embodiment can keep the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount below the allowable value.

  In addition, the electric energy control system demonstrated by Embodiment 1-2 is an example explaining the meaning of this invention, and includes the deformation | transformation and remodeling in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric energy control system 2 Power station 3 Transmission network 4 Business area 5 Consumer 6 Individual power generation device 7 Calculation part 8 Control part 9 Electric power buffer

Claims (16)

A power amount control system that controls a difference value between a demand amount and a supply amount of electric power in a business area at a predetermined time or less based on a regulation, to an allowable value or less,
A transmission network for supplying power to consumers included in the business area;
An individual power generation device installed at a place of a consumer included in the business area;
A calculation unit that calculates the demand amount and the supply amount for each predetermined time in the consumer,
A control unit for controlling the operation of the individual power generation device,
The calculation unit compares the actual usage amount at a predetermined time in the consumer with the predicted predicted demand amount,
The controller is
If the actual usage is below the forecast demand above the tolerance, increase power consumption at the consumer,
An electric energy control system that operates the individual power generator to supply the consumer with insufficient power when the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand beyond the allowable value.   The power amount control system according to claim 1, wherein the restriction is a plan value simultaneous equal amount receipt management.   The electric energy control system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is 30 minutes, and the allowable value is 3%.   4. The power amount control system according to claim 1, wherein the calculation unit calculates the actual usage amount by using power supplied through the power transmission network. 5.   The electric energy control system according to claim 1, wherein the predicted demand amount is a value predicted in advance at each predetermined time.   When the actual usage amount is less than the predicted demand amount, the control unit supplies power supplied to the consumer from the power transmission network to at least one of a storage battery, an electric vehicle, an electric water heater, and a heat accumulator. The power amount control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power amount is supplied so that a difference from the predicted demand amount falls within the allowable value.   The electric energy control system according to claim 6, wherein the storage battery, the electric vehicle, the electric water heater, and the heat accumulator are under the control of the consumer.   When the actual usage exceeds the predicted demand, the control unit generates an additional power amount that causes the difference between the predicted demand and the actual usage to be within the allowable value to the individual power generator. The electric energy control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   The power amount control system according to claim 8, wherein the additional power generation amount is supplied to the consumer through the power transmission network.   The additional power generation amount is supplied to the consumer through the power transmission network, so that the difference between the actual usage amount and the predicted demand amount is within the allowable value in the power transmission network based on the consumer. The electric energy control system according to claim 9, which can be stored in A power buffer for storing the power generated at the power plant for a certain period of time;
The power stored in the power buffer is supplied to the power grid,
The power control system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein power is transmitted to a plurality of consumers via the power transmission network.   12. The electric energy control system according to claim 11, wherein the predetermined time is 1 minute to 5 minutes.   The power amount control system according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the power buffer delays power supply time from the power plant to the plurality of consumers corresponding to the predetermined time.   The power amount control system according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the power buffer is capable of changing a power amount supplied to the power transmission network in correspondence with the predetermined time.   The power amount control system according to claim 14, wherein the transmission network after the power buffer can suppress a change in power on a time axis due to the delay by the power buffer.   The power amount control system according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the power plant includes a power generation device operated by an electric power company and a power generation device based on renewable energy generated in each home.