JP2016514017A - Staple cartridge tissue thickness sensor system - Google Patents

Abstract

In various embodiments, a surgical end effector is disclosed. The surgical end effector comprises a staple cartridge comprising a proximal end and a distal end. The staple cartridge is configured for use in stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range. The anvil is movably connected to the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module is located adjacent to the distal end of the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a sensor and a control unit. The sensor is configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge. The control unit performs signal communication with the sensor. The control unit includes means for identifying the staple cartridge type. The staple cartridge type and thickness measurements are used to determine if the tissue thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range.

Description

  The present disclosure relates generally to surgical instruments for use in endoscopic, laparoscopic, or robotic surgery. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument that includes an end effector configured to staple tissue.

  Surgical staplers are used to cut tissue longitudinally and at the same time attach a single staple to the side opposite the cut. Such an instrument typically includes an end effector having a pair of cooperating jaw members that, when the instrument is intended for endoscopic or laparoscopic application, can pass through the cannula passage. it can. In one embodiment, one of the jaw members includes a staple cartridge having at least two rows of staples spaced laterally, one on each side of each knife groove defined therein. Accept one by one. The other jaw member may define an anvil having staple forming pockets aligned with the rows of staples in the cartridge. The instrument also includes a plurality of cam surfaces or lift surfaces that, when driven distally, pass through the opening of the staple cartridge, engage a driver that supports the staples, and move the staples toward the anvil. Achieve firing. At the same time, a cutting instrument (or knife) is moved distally along the jaw member to cut and clamp (eg, stapling) the clamped tissue at the same time.

  An example of a surgical stapler suitable for endoscopic application is disclosed in US Pat. No. 7,000,818, entitled “Surgical stapling instrument having separate disclosing closing and filing systems”, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Incorporated in this application. In use, the clinician can close the stapler jaw member over the tissue to position the tissue prior to firing. If the clinician determines that the jaw members are properly grasping tissue, the surgical stapler can then be fired, thereby cutting and stapling the tissue. The simultaneous cutting and stapling operations avoid complications that can be caused by performing such operations sequentially with different surgical instruments that respectively only cut and staple.

  Surgical staplers are configured for use in an optimal tissue thickness range. Currently, clinicians need to use video images and intuition to determine if the thickness of the tissue clamped in the end effector is within an optimal tissue thickness range. Obtaining the proper feel for the thickness required for a given cartridge type may require years of practice or some clinicians may not learn this feel. What is needed is a simple and reliable system that determines when a tissue is clamped in an end effector, this is within the optimum tissue thickness range for a given staple cartridge.

  In various embodiments, an apparatus is disclosed that includes a Hall effect sensor, a reed switch, a power source, and a controller that performs signal communication with the power source. The control unit is configured to detect the state of the reed switch. The magnet is removably positioned adjacent to the device. The magnet is configured to generate a sufficient magnetic field to maintain the reed switch in saturation. The controller detects a saturation condition and maintains the device in a low power state while the reed switch is in saturation. When the magnet is removed from the device, the reed switch is desaturated. The control unit detects a non-saturated state of the reed switch and shifts the device from a low power state to an active power state.

  In various embodiments, a surgical end effector is disclosed. The surgical end effector comprises a staple cartridge comprising a proximal end and a distal end. The staple cartridge is configured for use in stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range. The anvil is movably connected to the proximal end of the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module is located adjacent to the distal end of the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a sensor and a control unit. The sensor is configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge. The control unit performs signal communication with the sensor. The controller includes means for identifying the staple cartridge type of the staple cartridge. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness are used to determine if the tissue thickness located between the anvil and the staple cartridge is within the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge.

  In various embodiments, a staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapler is disclosed. The staple cartridge includes a staple body that includes a proximal end and a distal end. The tissue thickness sensing module is positioned adjacent to the distal end of the staple body. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a control unit and a sensor. The power switch is detachably located adjacent to the staple body. The controller is configured to detect the power switch and maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state while the power switch is present. When the power switch is removed, the control unit shifts the tissue thickness sensing module to the active state.

The features of the various embodiments are set forth with particularity in the claims. However, the various embodiments relating to both structure and method of operation, together with their advantages, are best understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of an articulating surgical instrument. FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of an articulating surgical instrument. FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the end effector and shaft of the surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the end effector and shaft of the surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the end effector and shaft of the surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the end effector and shaft of the surgical instrument shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of an end effector comprising a tissue thickness sensing module. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module. 9 illustrates an internal view of the tissue thickness sensing module shown in FIG. 9 illustrates an internal view of the tissue thickness sensing module shown in FIG. FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module configured to transmit a tissue thickness signal to a remote device. FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module configured to receive a power switch that includes a magnet. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a Hall effect sensor. FIG. 4 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module configured to receive a power switch with a terminal connector. 6 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a method for maintaining a tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state.

  The applicant of this application owns a US patent application entitled “Staple Cartridge Tissue Thickness Sensor System” (Attorney Docket No. END7198USNP / 120307) filed on the same day as this application and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

  In the following, reference is made to details of several embodiments, including an embodiment illustrating an exemplary implementation of a surgical instrument comprising a tissue thickness sensing module. Where possible, similar or similar reference numbers may be used in the drawings to indicate similar or similar functionality. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed surgical instruments and / or methods of use for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art can readily appreciate from the following description that alternative exemplary embodiments of the structures and methods shown herein can be used without departing from the principles described herein. I will.

  It will be appreciated that the terms “proximal (side)” and “distal (side)” are used herein with respect to the clinician grasping the handle of the instrument. Thus, the end effector is distal to the more proximal handle. It should be further understood that for convenience and clarity, terms relating to spaces such as “vertical” and “horizontal” are used herein with reference to the drawings. However, surgical instruments are used in many directions and arrangements, and these terms are not intended to be limiting and absolute.

  The instrument may be a motor driven instrument, a manual instrument, or a robot controlled surgical instrument, depending on various embodiments. US Patent Application No. 13 / 782,295 entitled “Artificable Surgical Instruments With Conductive Pathway For Signal Communication”, filed March 1, 2013, “Rotary Powered Artificial Instrumental Strain Insulator No. 782,323, “Thumwheel Switch Arrangements for Surgical Instruments” No. 13 / 782,338, “Electromechanical Medical Width Signal Relay Arley” No. 13 / 782,499 entitled “t”, No. 13 / 782,460 entitled “Multiple Processor Motor Control for Modular Surgical Instruments”, “Joystick Switch Assemblies for 78” No. 358, “Sensor Straitened End Effector Removing Removable Through Trouble” No. 13 / 782,481, “Control Methods for Surgical Instrument Wr. 13” No. 7,782,518, No. 13 / 782,375 entitled “Rotary Powered Surgical Instruments With Multiple Degrees of Freedom”, No. 13 / 782,375, No. 36, No. 5, No. 36 Is incorporated herein by reference.

  1 and 2 depict a motor-driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument 10 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The illustrated embodiment is a linear endoscopic instrument, and the instrument 10 embodiment described herein is generally a linear endoscopic surgical cutting and fastening instrument. However, the invention is not so limited, and according to other embodiments of the invention, the instrument may be another type of endoscopic instrument such as a circular or curved end cutter. Please note that. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0169332 entitled “Surgical Stapling with a Curved Cutting Member” published July 17, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Further, the instrument may be a non-endoscopic surgical cutting and fastening instrument such as a laparoscopic instrument, an open surgical instrument, or a robotic surgical instrument. In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 10 may include a recording function. U.S. Patent No. 7,845,537, entitled "Surgical Instrument Having Recording Capabilities", issued December 7, 2010, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

  A surgical instrument 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a handle 6, a shaft 8, and an end effector 12 connected to the shaft 8. In various embodiments, the end effector 12 can articulate about the articulation pivot point 14. An articulation control unit 16 may be provided adjacent to the handle 6 to rotate the end effector 12 about the articulation pivot point 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the end effector 12 is configured to function as an end cutter for clamping, cutting, and stapling cells, while in other embodiments, a capture instrument, cutter, stapler Different types of end effectors may be used, such as clip tools, access devices, drug / gene therapy devices, ultrasound, radio frequency, or laser equipment.

  The handle 6 of the instrument 10 may include a closure trigger 18 and a firing trigger 20 for actuating the end effector 12. It will be appreciated that instruments having end effectors intended for different surgical procedures may have different numbers or types of triggers or other suitable controls for manipulating the end effector 12. The end effector 12 is shown separated from the handle 6 by an elongated shaft 8. In one embodiment, the clinician or operator of the instrument 10 articulates the end effector 12 relative to the shaft 8 by using the joint control 16. US Pat. No. 7,670,334 entitled “Surgical Instrument Having an Artificial End Effector” is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

  The end effector 12 includes, along with others, a pivotable and translatable clamping member, such as a staple groove 22 and an anvil 24, which are moved by the end effector 12 when the anvil 24 is in a clamped position. Maintained at the necessary spacing to ensure effective stapling and cutting of the clamped tissue. The handle 6 has a downwardly extending pistol grip 26 and the clinician pivots and pulls the closure trigger 18 in the direction of the pistol grip 26 to tighten or close the anvil 24 in the direction of the staple groove 22 of the end effector 12. Thus, the tissue located between the anvil 24 and the groove 22 can be clamped. The firing trigger 20 is provided further outside the closing trigger 18. When the closure trigger 18 is locked in the closed position, the firing trigger 20 rotates slightly in the direction of the pistol grip 26 so that the operator can operate it with one hand. The operator may then pivot the firing trigger 20 towards the pistol grip 12 to pull and clamp the tissue clamped within the end effector 12. In other embodiments, different types of clamping members may be used in addition to the anvil 24. The handle 6 may also include an upper portion 28 that may be located on the back of the user's hand when the user grips the pistol grip 26 with his hand. Anvil 24 may include a magnet 78 located at the distal end of the anvil 24.

  During use operation, the closure trigger 18 may be activated first. When the clinician is satisfied with the positioning of the end effector 12, the clinician can pull the closure trigger 18 to the fully closed locked position proximate the pistol grip 26. By pulling back the closure trigger 18, the anvil 24 is rotated downward to clamp the tissue between the anvil 24 and the cartridge 34 positioned in the groove 22. The firing trigger 20 can then be activated. Actuation of the firing trigger 20 causes the cutting instrument in the end effector 12 to cut the clamped tissue and causes the fastener in the staple cartridge 34 to fasten the cut tissue. When the clinician releases the pressure, the firing trigger 20 returns to the open position (shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). The release 19 button on the handle 6 can release the fixed closure trigger 18 when pressed. Release button 19 may be implemented in a variety of formats, for example, as disclosed in US Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0175955. US Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0175955, entitled “Surgical cutting and fasting instrument with closure triggering mechanism”, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

  End effector 12 may include a cutting instrument, such as a knife, for cutting tissue clamped within end effector 12 as firing trigger 20 is pulled back by the user. End effector 12 may also include means for fastening tissue to be cut by a cutting instrument, such as staples, RF electrodes, adhesives. The instrument 10 may also include a closure system for closing (or clamping) the end effector when the closure trigger 18 is closed (or pulled back).

  A longitudinally movable or rotatable drive shaft located within the shaft 8 of the instrument 10 can drive / actuate the cutting instrument and fastening means within the end effector 12. An electric motor located in the pistol grip 26 of the handle 6 of the instrument 10 may be used to drive the drive shaft directly or indirectly (via a gear drive system). In various embodiments, the motor may be a brushed DC drive motor having a maximum speed of, for example, about 25,000 RPM. In other embodiments, the motor may be a brushless motor, a cordless motor, a synchronous motor, a stepping motor, or any other suitable electric motor. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0089970 entitled “Powered Surgical Cutting and Stalling Apparatus with Manual Retactable Filling System” published on Apr. 15, 2010 and ur on August 3, 2012. No. 8,210,411, which is entitled, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A battery (or “power supply” or “power pack”) such as a lithium ion battery may be provided in the pistol grip portion 26 of the handle 6 adjacent to the motor. The battery may supply power to the motor via the motor control circuit. According to various embodiments, a number of battery cells connected in series may be used as a power source to supply power to the motor. In addition, the power source may be replaceable and / or rechargeable.

  FIG. 3 is an illustration of an end effector 12 according to various embodiments of the invention. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, in addition to the groove 22 and anvil 24 described above, the end effector 12 includes a cutting instrument 32, a hook-shaped member 33, a staple cartridge 34 removably positioned within the groove 22, and a helix. Can have a threaded shaft 36. The cutting instrument 32 may be a knife, for example. The anvil 24 can be opened and closed by pivoting at a pivot pin 25 connected to the proximal end of the groove 22. The anvil 24 may further include a tab 27 at its proximal end that is inserted into a component of the mechanical closure system to open and close the anvil 24. When the closure trigger 18 is actuated, i.e. pulled by the user of the instrument 10, the anvil 24 can pivot about the pivot pin 25 into a clamped or closed position, so that the channel 22 and anvil Clamp the tissue between 24. If clamping by the end effector 12 is satisfactory, the operator can actuate the firing trigger 20 to move the knife 32 and sled 33 longitudinally along the channel 22, thereby causing the end effector 12 to move within the end effector 12. The tissue clamped in is cut. As the barb 33 moves along the groove 22, staples (not shown) of the staple cartridge 34 are driven through the cut tissue against the closed anvil 24, which causes the anvil 24 to bend the staples. And fasten the cut tissue. In various embodiments, the saddle member 33 may be a component integral with the cartridge. The saddle member 33 may be part of the cartridge 34 such that when the knife 32 is retracted after the cutting operation, the saddle member 33 does not retract with the knife 32 and remains at least partially fired staple cartridge. it can.

  4-5 are exploded views of end effector 12 and shaft 8 according to various non-limiting embodiments, and FIG. 6 is a side view thereof. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the shaft 8 may have a proximal closure tube 40 and a distal closure tube 42 pivotally connected by a pivot connection 44. The distal closing tube 42 has an opening 45, and the anvil 24 is opened and closed by inserting the tab 27 of the anvil 24 into the opening 45 as described in detail below. A proximal spinal canal 46 may be disposed within the closure tubes 40, 42. Inside the proximal spinal canal 46 may be a main rotation (or proximal) drive shaft 48 that is linked to a second (or distal) drive shaft 50 via a bevel gear assembly 52. The second drive shaft 50 is connected to a drive gear 54 that meshes with the proximal drive gear 56 of the helical screw shaft 36. The vertical bevel gear 52 b is located in the opening 57 at the distal end of the proximal spine tube 46 and can pivot within the opening 57. The distal spinal canal 58 may be used to house the second drive shaft 50 and the drive gears 54, 56. The main drive shaft 48, the second drive shaft 50, and the articulation assembly (eg, bevel gear assemblies 52a-c) may be collectively referred to herein as the "main drive shaft assembly".

  The bearing 38 positioned at the distal end of the staple groove 22 receives the helical drive screw 36 so that the helical drive screw 36 can rotate freely with respect to the groove 22. The helical screw shaft 36 interferes with the threaded opening (not shown) of the knife 32 so that rotation of the shaft 36 causes the knife 32 to move distally or proximally within the staple groove 22 (depending on the direction of rotation). Translates. Thus, when the main drive shaft 48 is rotated by actuation of the firing trigger 20, the bevel gear assemblies 52a-c rotate the second drive shaft 50, thereby causing the drive gears 54, 56 to mesh. The helical screw shaft 36 rotates, which causes the knife drive member 32 to move longitudinally along the groove 22 to cut any clamped tissue in the end effector 12. The hook-shaped member 33 may be made of plastic, for example, and may have an inclined distal surface. As the barb 33 moves in the groove 22, the inclined front surface can push or drive the staples in the staple cartridge 34 through the clamped tissue and against the anvil 24. Anvil 24 staples the cut tissue by bending or deforming the staples. When the knife 32 is retracted, the knife 32 and the hook member 33 are separated, thereby leaving the hook member 33 at the distal end of the groove 22.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the end effector 12 uses a rotatable, helical threaded shaft 36 to drive the cutting instrument 32. Such a helical drive screw shaft 36 may be used in embodiments where a rotary drive member is used. In other embodiments, a longitudinally reciprocating drive member may be used to provide power to a cutting instrument, eg, a longitudinally reciprocating drive member. The end effector 12 may be appropriately improved so as to be suitable for such a drive member that reciprocates in the longitudinal direction.

  According to various embodiments, the staple cartridge 34 is a tissue thickness sensing module 102 that senses the thickness of tissue clamped within the end effector 12 between the staple groove 22 (including the staple cartridge 34) and the anvil 24. May be provided. As shown in FIG. 7, according to various non-limiting embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 can be positioned distal to the staples of the staple cartridge 34, for example, when the staples are fired. May be located adjacent the distal end 62 of the staple cartridge 34. 8-9B illustrate one embodiment of the tissue thickness sensing module 102. As shown in FIG. 8, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 may include an enclosure 103 that protects elements of the tissue thickness sensing module 102 during use. 9A and 9B illustrate one view of the tissue thickness sensing module 102 with the enclosure 103 removed. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 may include a tissue thickness sensor 104, a control unit 106, a wireless module 108, a power source 110, and an antenna 112.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensor 104 may be configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of tissue clamped between the staple channel 22 and the anvil 24. Tissue thickness sensor 104 may be any suitable sensor that detects the thickness of tissue clamped within end effector 12. For example, the tissue thickness sensor 104 may comprise a magnetic sensor, a magnetic induction sensor, a magnetoresistive sensor (AMR, GMR), an ultrasonic sensor, a radio wave sensor, and / or any other suitable sensor. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensor 104 may be configured to detect the magnetic field generated by the magnet 78 located at the distal end 80 of the anvil 24. When the clinician closes the anvil 24 by pulling back the closure trigger 18, the magnet 78 rotates downward near the sensor 104 so that the magnetic field detected by the sensor 104 causes the anvil 24 to rotate. Change as the closed (ie, clamped) position. The strength of the magnetic field detected by the tissue thickness sensor 104 from the magnet 78 was clamped between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24 when the end effector 12 is in the closed (ie, clamped) position. The distance between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24 indicating the thickness of the tissue is shown. For example, the greater distance between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24, and thus the weaker magnetic field detected by the tissue thickness sensor 104, means that there is thick tissue between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24. It can be shown that the shorter distance between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24, and thus the stronger magnetic field detected by the tissue thickness sensor 104, is between the staple cartridge 34 and the anvil 24. It may indicate that thin tissue is present. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensor 104 may comprise a Hall effect sensor.

  The controller 106 may be configured to control one or more operations of the tissue thickness sensing module 102. The control unit 106 may perform signal communication with the tissue thickness sensor 104. Signal communication may include wired and / or wireless communication. The controller 106 may be configured to control the operation of the tissue thickness sensor 104, the transmitter 108, and / or the power source 110. In some embodiments, the controller 106 may be configured to perform one or more processes to control the operation of the tissue thickness sensing module 102 and / or the end effector 12.

  In some embodiments, the controller 106 may include identification means for identifying the type of staple cartridge positioned in the staple groove 22. The staple cartridge 34 may be configured for use within an optimal tissue thickness range, and the controller 106 determines whether a particular staple cartridge is suitable and / or preferred in a given set of situations. It may be configured to. For example, in some embodiments, the staple cartridge 34 may include a plurality of long staples that are configured for use with thick tissue. In some embodiments, the staple cartridge 34 may include a plurality of short staples configured for use with thin tissue. Surgical instrument 2 alerts the clinician when attempting to use staple cartridges configured for use with thin tissue if the optimum tissue thickness range for staple cartridge 34 is ordered or preferred. You can do it. For example, or in some cases, the surgical instrument 2 is disabled. The identification means may be configured to identify the type of staple cartridge positioned within the staple groove 22 and to ensure that the appropriate type of staple cartridge 34 is installed for the tissue to be treated.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 may include a wireless module 108. The wireless module 108 may be a low power, two-way wireless module that uses a wireless data communication protocol to wirelessly communicate with a remote device, eg, a receiver located within the handle 6 of the instrument 10. According to various embodiments, the wireless module 108 may communicate with a remote device using a communication frequency suitable for transmission through human tissue. For communication between the wireless module 108 and the remote device, the MICS (Media Implant Communication Service) frequency band (502-405 MHz), the preferred industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band (433 MHz center frequency, or 915 MHz center frequency) Frequency), Bluetooth communication band (2.4 GHz), or any other suitable human tissue permeable frequency band. In some embodiments, the antenna 112 may be in signal communication with the wireless module 108. In some embodiments, the antenna 112 may be formed integrally with the wireless module 108.

  The tissue thickness sensing module 102 may include one or more power supplies 110 to provide independent power to the controller 106 or the wireless module 108. The power source 110 may comprise a suitable battery cell for supplying power to the components of the tissue thickness sensing module 102, such as a lithium ion battery or some other suitable battery cell. In some embodiments, multiple battery cells may be provided to provide power to the components of the tissue thickness sensing module 102.

  In some embodiments, using the staple cartridge type signal generated by the identification means and the tissue thickness signal generated by the tissue thickness sensor 104, the tissue clamped between the staple groove 22 and the anvil 24 is It may be determined whether the staple cartridge 34 is within an optimal tissue thickness range. In some embodiments, the controller 106 may be configured to determine whether the tissue clamped between the staple groove 22 and the anvil 24 is within an optimal tissue thickness range. In some embodiments, a remote system, such as a remote device located on the handle 6 of the surgical instrument 10, may be configured to make a determination, or at least a portion of such a determination.

  FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the tissue thickness sensing module 202. In the illustrated embodiment, the tissue thickness sensing module 202 includes a tissue thickness sensor 204, a controller 206, a wireless module 208, a power supply 210, and a reed switch 211. As shown in FIG. 10, the tissue thickness sensor 204 may perform signal communication with the control unit 206. The tissue thickness sensor 204 may be any sensor suitable for determining the thickness of tissue clamped between the ten staple grooves 22 and the anvil 24 of the surgical instrument. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensor 204 may be configured to detect the magnetic field generated by the magnet 78 located at the distal end 80 of the anvil 24. The strength of the magnetic field may indicate the thickness of the tissue clamped within the end effector 12. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensor 204 may comprise a Hall effect sensor.

  The control unit 206 shown in FIG. 10 may include identifier means 214 for identifying the staple cartridge type of the staple cartridge 34. The identification means 214 may be any suitable means that can be used by the controller 206 to identify the staple cartridge type. For example, in some embodiments, the identification means 214 may comprise a memory device. The memory device of the controller 206 may comprise one or more solid state read only memory (ROM) devices and / or random access memory (RAM) devices. In various embodiments, the controller 206 and the memory device may be incorporated into a single integrated circuit (IC) or a composite IC. The ROM memory device may include a flash memory. The memory device may store data indicating the cartridge type of the staple cartridge 34. That is, for example, the memory device may store data indicating the type of the staple cartridge 34. In some embodiments, the memory device may store data indicating an optimum tissue thickness range for the type of staple cartridge 34.

  In some embodiments, the identification means 214 may comprise a first plurality of terminals formed at the proximal end of the tissue thickness sensing module 102. The second plurality of terminals may be formed at the distal end of the staple cartridge 34. The subset of the first plurality of terminals may be in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. The type of staple cartridge 34 may be indicated by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. The one or more circuits may be configured to identify a first plurality of terminal subsets in signal communication and supply a staple cartridge type signal to the controller 106 based on the identified subset.

  In various embodiments, the tissue thickness signal generated by the tissue thickness sensor 204 and the staple cartridge type signal generated by the identification means 214 are used to clamp tissue within the end effector 12 indicated by the tissue thickness signal. It may be determined whether the thickness of the staple cartridge 34 is within an optimum tissue thickness range as indicated by the staple cartridge type signal. For example, the tissue thickness indicated by the tissue thickness signal may be compared to the optimal tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34. In some embodiments, the controller 206 may be configured to determine whether the measured thickness is within an optimal tissue thickness range. For example, the controller 206 may comprise a memory device configured to store staple cartridge types and the optimal tissue thickness range associated therewith. When the tissue thickness sensing module 202 becomes active, the identification means 214 may supply a staple cartridge type signal to the controller 206. When tissue is clamped in the end effector 12, the controller 206 may receive a tissue thickness signal from the tissue thickness sensor 204 indicating the thickness of the tissue clamped in the end effector 12. The controller 206 may access the memory device and compare the staple cartridge type signal generated by the identification means 214 with the stored staple cartridge type. If the staple cartridge type of the staple cartridge 34 matches the staple cartridge type stored in the memory device, the controller 206 may access the stored optimal tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34. The controller 206 may compare the stored optimal tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34 with the tissue thickness indicated by the tissue thickness sensor 204, where the measured tissue thickness is the optimal tissue thickness of the staple cartridge 34. A status signal may be generated that indicates whether it is within range. The controller 206 may supply a status signal to the wireless module 208 for transmission. In some embodiments, the wireless module 208 may transmit a status signal to a receiver located on the handle 6 of the surgical instrument 10. In some embodiments, the wireless module 208 is a receiver coupled to a remote device, such as an operating room video display 80 with a receiver 82 or a remote computer system 84 with a receiver 86 (see FIG. 11). A status signal may be transmitted to the machine.

  The staple cartridge 34 may comprise a staple cartridge type that is not recognized by the identification means 214. In some embodiments, if the identification means 214 cannot identify the staple cartridge 34 inserted into the staple groove 22, the controller 206 may provide a warning to the clinician indicating that the staple cartridge cannot be recognized. This alert may be any suitable alert, such as, for example, an audible alert, a visual alert, and / or a tactile alert. This warning may indicate to the clinician that the staple cartridge 34 cannot be recognized and that the clinician should use the staple cartridge 34 inserted at his discretion.

  The optimum tissue thickness range for a particular staple cartridge may include an unlimited range. For example, in some embodiments, the optimal tissue thickness range for a particular staple cartridge may include any tissue thickness that is less than the maximum tissue thickness. In other embodiments, the optimum tissue thickness range for a particular staple cartridge may include any tissue thickness that exceeds the minimum tissue thickness. For example, the staple cartridge may include long staples suitable for stapling thick or thin tissue. The optimum tissue thickness range for the staple cartridge may be any tissue thickness that is less than the maximum tissue thickness of the staple cartridge.

  In some embodiments, the staple cartridge 34 may include a general purpose staple cartridge suitable for any tissue thickness. When the identification means 214 identifies the general purpose staple cartridge, the control unit 206 determines that the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil 24 and the staple cartridge 34 is the thickness of the surgical instrument 2. A signal may be provided to the clinician indicating that it should not affect operation.

  As an example, the staple cartridge 34 may be located adjacent to the tissue thickness sensing module 202. The staple cartridge 34 and the tissue thickness sensing module may be inserted into the staple groove 22. The identification means may identify the staple cartridge 34 as a cartridge having an optimal tissue thickness range between the first value (x1) and the second value (x2). The tissue may be clamped between the anvil 24 and the staple cartridge 34 by the clinician. The tissue thickness sensor 204 may generate a tissue thickness signal indicating that the thickness of the tissue clamped between the anvil 24 and the staple cartridge 34 is x. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness x may be included in the optimal tissue thickness range x1-x2, and the tissue thickness sensing module 202 clinically displays an indication that the tissue thickness x is within the optimal tissue thickness range. Provide to the doctor.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness x may be outside the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34. For example, the tissue thickness x may be thinner than the lower limit value x1 of the optimum tissue thickness range. Surgical instrument 2 may provide a clinician with a warning signal indicating that tissue thickness x is below the optimal tissue thickness range. Surgical instrument 2 may also be stapled when the measured tissue thickness x is less than the optimal tissue thickness range. As another example, the tissue thickness x may be thicker than the upper limit value x2 of the optimum tissue thickness range. Surgical instrument 2 may provide a clinician with a warning indicating that tissue thickness x is greater than the optimal tissue thickness range. In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 2 may prevent firing of the staple cartridge 34 when the measured tissue thickness x is greater than the optimal tissue thickness range. In some embodiments, the surgical instrument may instruct the clinician to replace the staple cartridge 34 with another cartridge type having a different optimal tissue thickness range.

  In some embodiments, the controller 206 may be configured to provide a tissue thickness signal and a staple cartridge type signal to the wireless module 208 for transmission to a remote device. The wireless module 208 may transmit tissue thickness signals and staple cartridge type signals to a remote device located remotely from the end effector 12, such as a control circuit within the handle 6 of the surgical instrument 10 or a remote computer system 84. The remote device may be configured to perform a comparison of the received tissue thickness signal, the received staple cartridge type signal, and the known optimal tissue thickness range. For example, the remote device may be configured to store a known staple cartridge and an optimal tissue thickness range for the known staple cartridge. The received staple cartridge type signal may be compared to a known staple cartridge. Once a match is identified, the received tissue thickness signal may be compared to the optimal tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34. The remote device may generate a status signal that indicates whether the measured tissue thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34 as indicated by the tissue thickness signal. The remote device may be updated using, for example, a connection to a wired and / or wireless network. The remote device may be updated to add a new staple cartridge type and optimal tissue thickness range, or may be updated to adjust the optimal tissue thickness range of existing staple cartridge types. By updating the remote device, the staple cartridge type can be added or updated without having to update the tissue thickness sensing module 202. In some embodiments, the remote device may receive periodic updates or may be updated as soon as a new or modified cartridge becomes available.

  In some embodiments, the status signal may be used to control operation of the surgical instrument 10 after the status signal is generated by either the controller 206 or the remote device. For example, the status signal may be supplied to a circuit in the handle 6 of the surgical instrument 10. The motor control circuit may be configured to control the cutting and closing operations of the surgical instrument 10. If the status signal indicates that the measured tissue thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34, the motor control circuit may be able to cause a cutting and closing operation. If the status signal indicates that the measured tissue thickness is not within the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34, the motor control circuit may prevent cutting and closing operations, and the tissue thickness is in the optimum tissue thickness range. A warning may be provided to the clinician indicating that it is not within.

  In some embodiments, the status signal may be displayed to the clinician using a feedback device. The feedback device may be located on the surgical instrument 10 or may be a remote device such as a video display 80 in the operating room. For example, in some embodiments, surgical instrument 10 may be equipped with a light emitting diode (LED). The LED may be activated when the status signal indicates that the tissue clamped in the end effector 12 has a thickness within the optimum tissue thickness range of the staple cartridge 34. As another example, the operating room video display 80 is configured to display a graphical display of a status signal, such as, for example, displaying an indicator when the measured tissue thickness is within an optimal tissue thickness range. Good. One skilled in the art will recognize that any suitable feedback device may be used to provide the clinician with a status signal. In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 2 may comprise a display window on the surgical instrument 2. The display window may be configured to display a display of status signals or tissue thickness signals to the clinician. The display window may show the measured tissue thickness of the staple cartridge 34 and the optimal tissue thickness range.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 may be configured to accept a power switch. The power switch may be configured to control the operation of the tissue thickness sensing module 102 prior to installation of the staple cartridge 34 in the staple groove 22. For example, in some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 102 may include a power source 110. The power supply 110 may perform signal communication with the control unit 106. The controller 106 may detect the presence of a power switch and may maintain the power source 110 and the tissue thickness sensing module 102 in a low power state to conserve usable energy from the power source 110.

  FIG. 12 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module 302 that is configured to receive a power switch 320. The power switch 320 may maintain the tissue thickness sensor 104 in saturation when the power switch 320 is located adjacent to and / or connected to the tissue thickness sensing module 302. A configured magnet 378 may be provided. The controller 106 may detect a saturation state of the tissue thickness sensor 104 and may maintain the tissue thickness sensing module 302 in a low power state while the tissue thickness sensor 104 is in saturation. The low power state may include a state in which various modules of the tissue thickness sensing module 302 do not receive power or various operations of the tissue thickness sensing module 302 are not performed. For example, a low power condition may disconnect the power source 110 from the controller 106, the wireless module 108, and / or the tissue thickness sensor 104. When the power switch 320 is moved away from or removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 302, the tissue thickness sensor 104 may become unsaturated. When the controller 106 detects a non-saturated state, the controller 106 may transition the tissue thickness sensing module 302 to an active state for use with the surgical instrument 10. The active state may include a state in which all modules and functions of the tissue thickness sensing module 302 are powered and usable.

  In some embodiments, the apparatus may include a reed switch, a power source, and a controller that performs signal communication with the power source. The controller may be configured to detect the state of the reed switch. The magnet may be removably located adjacent to the device. The magnet may be configured to generate a sufficient magnetic field to maintain the reed switch in saturation. The controller may detect a saturation condition and may maintain the device in a low power state while the reed switch is in saturation. When the magnet is removed from the device, the reed switch may become unsaturated. The controller may detect a non-saturated state of the reed switch and cause the device to transition from the low power state to the active power state.

  FIG. 13 illustrates one embodiment of a Hall effect sensor 402. The Hall effect sensor 402 includes a Hall element 404, an amplifier 406, and a power source 408. The Hall element includes a first input terminal 410 and a second input terminal 412. The first and second input terminals 410 and 412 are configured to receive a constant input current from the power source 408. When no magnetic field is present, the input current enters the first input terminal 410 and exits the second input terminal 412 without losing potential to both sides of the Hall element 404. For example, when a magnetic field is applied to the Hall element 404 by a magnet 478 or the like, a potential is formed on both sides of the Hall element 404 to deflect electrons flowing through the Hall element 404. The first output terminal 414 and the second output terminal 416 are located on the opposite side of the Hall element 404. The first and second output terminals 414 and 416 supply the potential generated by the magnetic field to the amplifier 406. Amplifier 406 amplifies the potential experienced by Hall element 404 and outputs the amplified voltage to output terminal 418. The output of amplifier 406 may not exceed the upper limit imposed by power supply 408. The upper limit of the amplifier 406 is the saturation point of the Hall effect sensor 402. The saturation point may be selected based on the power source 408 connected to the amplifier 406. Saturation occurs not in the Hall element 404 but in the amplifier 406, so that even if exposed to a large magnetic field, the Hall effect sensor 402 is not damaged, but the Hall effect sensor 402 is saturated. In some embodiments, an open emitter, open collector, or push-pull transistor may be added to the output of amplifier 406.

  FIG. 14 illustrates one embodiment of a tissue thickness sensing module 502 configured to receive a power switch 520. The tissue thickness sensing module 502 may include a first terminal 516 and a second terminal 518 configured to receive the power switch 520. The first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 may perform signal communication with the control unit 106. The power switch 520 may be configured to provide a first electrical circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. The first electrical circuit state may be any suitable circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518, for example, open circuit, short circuit, specific resistance, capacitance, inductance, or any other May be a suitable circuit state. In some embodiments, the controller 106 detects a first electrical circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 and maintains the tissue thickness sensing module 502 in a low power state. Good. In some embodiments, the first electrical circuit state prevents the power source 110 from supplying power to the elements of the tissue thickness sensing module 502, such as through an open circuit, while the power switch 520 is present, 106, the wireless module 108, or other electric elements may be prevented from operating.

  In some embodiments, removing the power switch 520 from the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 results in a second electrical circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. Good. The second electrical circuit state may be any suitable circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518, such as an open circuit or a short circuit. The controller 106 may detect a second electrical circuit condition and may cause the tissue thickness sensing module 502 to transition to an active power state for use with the surgical instrument 10.

  For example, in some embodiments, the power switch 520 may be configured to provide a short circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. The control unit 106 may detect a short circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. While the short circuit exists between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518, the controller 106 may maintain the tissue thickness sensing module 502 in a low power state to save the power supply 110. Prior to installation of the staple cartridge 34 into the staple groove 22, the power switch 520 may be removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 502. When the power switch 520 is removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 502, the circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 may be opened. The controller 106 may detect an open circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 and may cause the tissue thickness sensing module 502 to transition to an active state.

  As another example, in some embodiments, the power switch 520 may be configured to maintain an open circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. When the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 are in an open circuit state, the power source 110 may be disconnected from the control unit 106 and the wireless module 108. The staple cartridge 3 may be inserted into the staple groove 22. Once installed, the clinician may remove the power switch 520 from the tissue thickness sensing module 502. When the power switch 520 is removed, the circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 is connected directly between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 or the staple cartridge 34, staple. It may be completed by an indirect connection, such as using a groove 22 or any other suitable portion of the end effector 12. For example, the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 may include a short circuit when the staple cartridge 34 is installed in the staple groove 22 and the tissue thickness sensing module 502 is removed from the power switch 520. A short circuit between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 causes the power supply 110 to connect to the controller 106 and the wireless module 108 to activate the tissue thickness sensing module 502 for use with the surgical instrument 10. You may move to the state.

  FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a method for maintaining the tissue thickness sensing module 102 in a low power state. As shown in FIG. 15, at step 602, the controller 106 may detect the staple cartridge power switches 320, 520 that are removably adjacent to the tissue thickness sensing module 102. The controller 106 may detect the power switch of the staple cartridge, such as the power switches 320, 520, using, for example, any suitable method (eg, circuit state or sensor state). In step 604, the controller 106 maintains the tissue thickness sensing module 102 in a low power state while the staple cartridge power switch is positioned adjacent to or attached to the tissue thickness sensing module 102. At 606, the staple cartridge power switch is removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 102. Controller 106 detects removal of the staple cartridge power switch and transitions tissue thickness sensing module 102 from the low power state to the active state in step 608.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 302 may comprise a tissue thickness sensor 104 that is configured to detect a magnetic field, such as, for example, a Hall effect sensor. The staple cartridge power switch 320 may be located adjacent to the tissue thickness sensing module 302 and may include a magnet 378 configured to saturate the tissue thickness sensor 104. In some embodiments, at step 604, the controller 106 in the tissue thickness sensing module 302 may detect the saturation state of the tissue thickness sensor 104. While the tissue thickness sensor 104 is saturated, the controller 106 may maintain the tissue thickness sensing module 302 in a low power state. The staple cartridge power switch 320 may be removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 302. The tissue thickness sensor 104 may transition from a saturated state to a non-saturated state. The controller 106 may detect a non-saturated state of the tissue thickness sensor 104 and may cause the tissue thickness sensing module 302 to transition from a low power state to an active state.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module 502 may include a first terminal 516 and a second terminal 518 formed in the tissue thickness sensing module 502 enclosure. The first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 may be configured to receive a power switch 520. The power switch 520 may provide a first electrical circuit state between the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518. For example, the first electrical circuit state may include an open circuit or a short circuit. In step 604, the controller 106 may be configured to detect the presence of the power switch 520 based on the first electrical circuit state. The controller 106 may maintain the tissue thickness sensing module 502 in a low power state while the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 are in the first electrical circuit state. The power switch 520 may be removed from the tissue thickness sensing module 502 to allow the staple cartridge 34 to be installed in the staple groove 22. In some embodiments, removal of the power switch 520 may cause the first terminal 516 and the second terminal 518 to transition to a second electrical circuit state, such as a short circuit or an open circuit. The controller 106 may detect the second electrical circuit state and cause the tissue thickness sensing module 502 to transition from the low power state to the active state.

  The tissue thickness sensing modules of the various embodiments disclosed herein comprise a wireless transmitter and a power source, although other embodiments are envisioned. For example, in one embodiment, at least one conductor, such as a wire, may extend across the shaft of the surgical instrument and may provide signal and / or power communication from the handle to the tissue thickness sensing module. In some embodiments, the controller and / or power source may be located on the handle and may be on the tissue thickness sensing module through a wired connection to the controller, power source, and / or any other component located on the handle. May be connected.

  The tissue thickness sensing modules of the various embodiments disclosed herein are positioned distal to the staple cartridge, but the tissue thickness sensing module is laterally, proximally, and / or to the staple cartridge. Alternatively, various other embodiments are envisioned that can be positioned distally. In certain embodiments, multiple tissue thickness sensing modules can be used. In such an embodiment, the microcontroller may be configured to decode a plurality of tissue thickness signals from a plurality of tissue thickness sensing modules to derive a tissue thickness.

  The various embodiments described herein are described in the context of staples removably stored within a staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapling instrument. In some situations, the staple may have a wire that deforms upon contact with the anvil of the surgical stapler. Such a wire may be composed of a metal, such as stainless steel, and / or any other suitable material. Such embodiments and their teachings can be applied to embodiments having fasteners removably stored within a fastener cartridge for use with any suitable fastener.

  The various embodiments described herein are described in the context of a linear end effector and / or a linear fastener cartridge. Such embodiments and their teachings can be applied to non-linear end effectors and / or non-linear fastener cartridges, such as, for example, circular and / or undulating end effectors. For example, various end effectors such as non-linear end effectors are described in US patent application Ser. No. 13 / 036,647, entitled “Surgical STAPLING INSTRUMENT”, filed February 28, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0226837). In addition, US patent application Ser. No. 12 / 893,461 (current US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0074198) entitled “STAPLE CARTRIDGE” filed on September 29, 2012 is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Embedded in. US patent application Ser. No. 12 / 031,873 (current US Pat. No. 7,980,443), entitled “END EFFECTORS FOR A SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT”, filed on Feb. 15, 2008, is also in its entirety. Which is incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Patent No. 8,393,514, issued March 12, 2013, entitled "SELECTIVELY ORIENTABLE IMPLANTABLE FASTNER CARTRIDGE" is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

  In various embodiments, a surgical end effector for treating tissue is disclosed. The surgical end effector comprises a staple cartridge. The staple cartridge includes a proximal end and a distal end. The staple cartridge is configured for use in stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range. The anvil is movably connected to the proximal end of the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module is adjacent to the distal end of the staple cartridge. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a sensor and a control unit. The sensor is configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge. The control unit performs signal communication with the sensor. The control unit includes identification means for identifying the staple cartridge type. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness signal are used to determine if the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range.

  In some embodiments, the anvil comprises a magnet. The sensor may be configured to detect the magnetic field generated by the magnet. The sensor may comprise a Hall effect sensor. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module comprises a transmitter in signal communication with the controller. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a staple cartridge type and tissue thickness signal to the receiver. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness signal may be received by a receiver in the surgical instrument. The receiver determines whether the thickness measurement is within an optimal tissue thickness range.

  In some embodiments, the controller may be configured to generate a signal indicating whether the thickness measurement is within an optimal tissue thickness range. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a signal. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module may comprise at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller.

  In some embodiments, the identification means may comprise a memory device coupled to the controller. The memory device may be configured to store a staple cartridge type. In some embodiments, the identification means may comprise a first plurality of terminals located at the tissue thickness sensing module and a second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple cartridge. The subset of the first plurality of terminals is in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. The staple cartridge type is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module may be configured to receive a power switch. The tissue thickness sensing module may comprise a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal may be configured to receive a power switch that is configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state.

  In various embodiments, a staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapler is disclosed. The staple cartridge includes a staple body that includes a proximal end and a distal end. The plurality of staples are removably stored in the staple body. The plurality of staples are configured for use in stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range. The tissue thickness module is adjacent to the distal end of the staple groove. The tissue thickness module includes a sensor and a control unit. The sensor is configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge. The control unit performs signal communication with the sensor. The control unit includes identification means for identifying the staple cartridge type. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness signal are used to determine if the tissue thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range.

  In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module comprises a transmitter in signal communication with the controller and at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a staple cartridge type and a tissue thickness signal. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness signal may be received by a receiver in the surgical instrument. The receiver determines whether the tissue thickness is within an optimal tissue thickness range. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to generate a signal indicating whether the tissue thickness is within an optimal tissue thickness range. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a signal.

  In some embodiments, the identification means may comprise a memory device in signal communication with the controller. The memory device is configured to store a staple cartridge type. In some embodiments, the identification means may comprise a first plurality of terminals located at the tissue thickness sensing module and a second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple cartridge. The subset of the first plurality of terminals may be in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. The staple cartridge type is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals.

  In some embodiments, the sensor may comprise a Hall effect sensor. In some embodiments, the tissue thickness sensing module may be configured to removably receive a power switch. The power switch may be configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state. The removable power switch may comprise a magnet configured to maintain the sensor in saturation. A low power state may be maintained while the sensor is in saturation.

  In various embodiments, a tissue thickness sensing module is disclosed that attaches to a surgical staple cartridge that is configured for tissue treatment. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a sensor and a control unit. The sensor is configured to detect a magnetic field indicative of the thickness of tissue clamped relative to the surgical staple cartridge. The control unit performs signal communication with the sensor. The control unit includes identification means for identifying the staple cartridge type. The staple cartridge type and tissue thickness are used to determine if the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range of the surgical staple cartridge. The transmitter performs signal communication with the control unit. At least one power source is configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter.

  In various embodiments, a staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapler is disclosed. The staple cartridge includes a staple body that includes a proximal end and a distal end. The tissue thickness sensing module is coupled to the distal end of the staple body. The tissue thickness sensing module includes a control unit and a sensor. The power switch is removably positioned with respect to the tissue thickness sensing module. The control unit is configured to detect a power switch. When the control unit detects the power switch, the control unit maintains the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state. When the power switch is removed, the control unit shifts the tissue thickness sensing module to the active state.

  In some embodiments, the sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor and the power switch comprises a magnet. The magnet is configured to maintain the Hall effect sensor in saturation when the power switch is positioned relative to the tissue thickness sensing module. The control unit detects the saturation state of the Hall effect sensor, and maintains the low power state while the Hall effect sensor is saturated. When the power switch is removed from the tissue thickness sensing module, the Hall effect sensor transitions to a non-saturated state. The controller detects a non-saturated state of the Hall effect sensor and shifts the tissue thickness sensing module to an active state.

  In some embodiments, the staple cartridge includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The power switch may provide a first electrical circuit state between the first terminal and the second terminal. The controller detects the first electrical circuit state and maintains the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state while the first terminal and the second terminal are in the first electrical circuit state. When the power switch is removed from the tissue thickness sensing module, the first terminal and the second terminal transition to the second electrical circuit state. The controller detects the second electrical circuit state and causes the tissue thickness sensing module to transition to the active state.

  In some embodiments, the first electrical circuit state includes a short circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the second electrical circuit state includes the first terminal and the second terminal. Including open circuit to and from. In some embodiments, the first electrical circuit state includes an open circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the second electrical circuit state includes the first terminal and the second terminal. Including short circuit with terminal. A short circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal may be established by connection of the staple cartridge and the surgical stapler when the staple cartridge is inserted into the surgical stapler.

  In various embodiments, an apparatus is disclosed that includes a Hall effect sensor, a power source, and a controller. The control unit is configured to receive power from the power source. The controller is configured to maintain the device in a low power state when the reed switch is in saturation. The controller is configured to cause the device to transition to an active state when the Hall effect sensor is in a non-saturated state.

  In various embodiments, a power management method for a staple cartridge assembly having a tissue thickness sensing module is disclosed. The method includes detecting, by the controller, a power switch that is removably positioned adjacent to the tissue thickness sensing module. The method further includes maintaining the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state by the controller when the power switch is detected. When the power switch is removed from the tissue thickness sensing module, the controller transitions to an active state.

  In some embodiments, detecting the power switch may include detecting a state of the sensor by the controller. The state of the sensor indicates whether the power switch is positioned with respect to the tissue thickness sensing module. The sensor may comprise a Hall effect sensor. The state of the sensor may include a saturation state. In some embodiments, the detection of the power switch may include detecting a first electrical circuit state between the first terminal and the second terminal by the controller. The first electrical circuit state indicates that the power switch is positioned with respect to the tissue thickness sensing module. The controller may be configured to detect a second electrical circuit state between the first terminal and the second terminal. The second electrical circuit state indicates that the power switch is not positioned with respect to the tissue thickness sensing module.

  In some embodiments, the first electrical circuit state may include a short circuit across the first terminal and the second terminal, and the second electrical circuit state is between the first terminal and the second terminal. An open circuit between them may be included. In some embodiments, the first electrical circuit state may include an open circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the second electrical circuit state includes the first terminal and the second terminal. A short across two terminals may be included.

  In some embodiments, the method may further include inserting a staple cartridge into the surgical stapler. The power switch may be removed from the tissue thickness sensing module. The surgical stapler may complete the circuit connection between the first terminal and the second terminal.

  In various embodiments, a method for controlling an apparatus comprising a controller, a power source, and a reed switch is disclosed. The method includes detecting the saturation state of the reed switch by the control unit. The reed switch is maintained in saturation by a power switch positioned relative to the reed switch. The power switch includes a magnet configured to generate a magnetic field sufficient to saturate the reed switch. The method further includes maintaining the device in a locked state by the controller while the reed switch is saturated. The locked state includes the low power state of the device. The method further includes causing the controller to transition the device to the unlocked state, which occurs when the power switch is removed from the reed switch and the reed switch is transitioned to a non-saturated state. The unlocked state includes the active state of the device.

  Various embodiments of surgical instruments and robotic surgical systems are described herein. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various embodiments described herein can be used with the described surgical instruments and robotic surgical systems. The description is provided for purposes of illustration only, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to only the devices disclosed herein, but are used with any interchangeable surgical instrument or robotic surgical system. You will understand what you can do.

  Throughout this specification "various embodiments", "some embodiments", "one exemplary embodiment" or "embodiment" refers to a particular feature described in relation to that embodiment, A structure or characteristic is meant to be included in at least one exemplary embodiment. Thus, the phrases "in various embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in one exemplary embodiment," or "in an embodiment" appearing in multiple embodiments throughout this specification are not necessarily all inclusive. It is not intended to refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics illustrated or described with respect to one exemplary embodiment may be limited in whole or in part with the features, structures, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments. Can be combined without.

  While various embodiments in this specification have been described in terms of several embodiments, and the illustrative embodiments have been described in considerable detail, the applicant will not be bound by any appended claims in any way. There is no intention to be limited by such details. Additional advantages and modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, each of the disclosed embodiments can be used in microsurgery, laparoscopic surgery, and open surgery, and there is no limitation on the intended use.

  Understand that at least some of the figures and descriptions in this specification have been simplified to show elements that are relevant to a clear understanding of the disclosure, and that other elements have been excluded for clarity. Should. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that these and other factors may be desirable.

  Although several embodiments have been described, it is obvious that those skilled in the art who have learned some or all of the advantages of the present disclosure can devise various modifications, changes and adaptations to these embodiments. For example, according to various embodiments, a single component may be replaced with multiple components and multiple components may be replaced with a single component to perform a given function. May be. This application is therefore intended to cover all such modifications, changes, and adaptations without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

  Any patents, publications or other disclosures incorporated herein by reference in whole or in part are intended to be incorporated into the current definitions, descriptions, or other disclosures described in this disclosure. To the extent that they do not contradict each other. Accordingly, to the extent necessary, the disclosure expressly set forth herein shall supersede any conflicting matter incorporated herein by reference. All contents, or portions thereof, that are hereby incorporated by reference but are inconsistent with existing definitions, views, or other disclosures contained herein are incorporated herein by reference. It shall be incorporated only to the extent that no contradiction arises between the existing disclosure content.

Embodiment
(1) a surgical end effector for treating tissue,
A staple cartridge comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the staple cartridge configured to be used for stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range;
An anvil movably coupled to the proximal end of the staple cartridge;
A tissue thickness sensing module adjacent to the distal end of the staple cartridge comprising:
A sensor configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identification means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is the optimum using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A surgical end effector comprising: a tissue thickness sensing module comprising: a controller that determines whether the tissue thickness is within a range.
The surgical end effector of embodiment 1, wherein the anvil comprises a magnet and the sensor is configured to detect a magnetic field generated by the magnet.
(3) The surgical end effector of embodiment 2, wherein the sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor.
(4) The surgical end effector of embodiment 1, wherein the tissue thickness sensing module comprises a transmitter in signal communication with the controller.
(5) the transmitter is configured to transmit the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal, wherein the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal are received by a receiver in a surgical instrument; The surgical end effector of embodiment 4, wherein the machine determines whether the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range.

(6) The control unit is configured to generate a signal indicating whether the thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range, and the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal. Embodiment 5. The surgical end effector of embodiment 4, wherein
7. The surgical end effector of embodiment 1, wherein the tissue thickness sensing module comprises at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller.
(8) The surgical end effector according to embodiment 1, wherein the identification means includes a memory device coupled to the control unit, and the memory device is configured to store the staple cartridge type.
(9) The identification means is
A first plurality of terminals located in the tissue thickness sensing module;
A second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple cartridge, wherein a subset of the first plurality of terminals is in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals, wherein the staple cartridge type is The surgical end effector of claim 1, wherein the surgical end effector is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals.
(10) The tissue thickness sensing module is
A first terminal;
A second terminal, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal receive a power key configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state. The surgical end effector of embodiment 1, wherein the surgical end effector is configured as follows.

(11) A staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapler to treat tissue,
A staple body comprising a proximal end and a distal end;
A plurality of staples removably stored within the staple body, the plurality of staples configured to be used to staple tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range;
A tissue thickness module adjacent to the distal end of the staple body;
A sensor configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue adjacent to the staple body;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identifying means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is the optimum using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A staple cartridge, comprising: a tissue thickness module comprising: a controller that determines whether the tissue thickness is within a tissue thickness range.
(12) The tissue thickness sensing module is
A transmitter for performing signal communication with the control unit;
12. The staple cartridge of claim 11, comprising at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter.
(13) The transmitter is configured to transmit the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal, wherein the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal are received by a receiver in a surgical instrument and the reception The staple cartridge of embodiment 12, wherein the machine determines whether the thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range.
(14) The control unit is configured to generate a signal indicating whether the thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range, and the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal. The surgical end effector according to embodiment 12, wherein:
(15) The staple cartridge according to embodiment 11, wherein the identification unit includes a memory device that performs signal communication with the control unit, and the memory device stores the staple cartridge type.

(16) The identification means is
A first plurality of terminals located in the tissue thickness sensing module;
A second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple body, wherein a subset of the first plurality of terminals is in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals, wherein the staple cartridge type is 12. The staple cartridge of claim 11, wherein the staple cartridge is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals.
(17) The staple cartridge according to embodiment 11, wherein the sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor.
The staple cartridge of claim 11 comprising a removable power switch configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state.
(19) The removable power switch is configured to maintain the sensor in a first state, and the low power state is maintained while the sensor is in the first state. Embodiment 19. The staple cartridge according to Embodiment 18.
(20) a tissue thickness sensing module attached to a surgical staple cartridge configured for tissue treatment comprising:
A sensor configured to detect a magnetic field and generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue adjacent to the surgical staple cartridge;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identification means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is used for the surgical operation using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A controller for determining whether the staple cartridge is within an optimum tissue thickness range;
A transmitter for performing signal communication with the control unit;
A tissue thickness sensing module comprising: at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter.

Claims (20)

A surgical end effector for treating tissue,
A staple cartridge comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the staple cartridge configured to be used for stapling tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range;
An anvil movably coupled to the proximal end of the staple cartridge;
A tissue thickness sensing module adjacent to the distal end of the staple cartridge comprising:
A sensor configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue located between the anvil and the staple cartridge;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identification means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is the optimum using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A surgical end effector comprising: a tissue thickness sensing module comprising: a controller that determines whether the tissue thickness is within a range.   The surgical end effector of claim 1, wherein the anvil comprises a magnet and the sensor is configured to detect a magnetic field generated by the magnet.   The surgical end effector of claim 2, wherein the sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor.   The surgical end effector of claim 1, wherein the tissue thickness sensing module comprises a transmitter in signal communication with the controller.   The transmitter is configured to transmit the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal, wherein the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal are received by a receiver in a surgical instrument; The surgical end effector of claim 4, wherein the surgical end effector determines whether the thickness is within the optimum tissue thickness range.   The controller is configured to generate a signal indicating whether the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range, and wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal. Item 5. The surgical end effector according to Item 4.   The surgical end effector of claim 1, wherein the tissue thickness sensing module comprises at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller.   The surgical end effector according to claim 1, wherein the identification means comprises a memory device coupled to the controller, the memory device being configured to store the staple cartridge type. The identification means is
A first plurality of terminals located in the tissue thickness sensing module;
A second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple cartridge, wherein a subset of the first plurality of terminals is in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals, wherein the staple cartridge type is The surgical end effector of claim 1, wherein the surgical end effector is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals. The tissue thickness sensing module is
A first terminal;
A second terminal, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are configured to receive a power switch configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state. The surgical end effector of claim 1. A staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapler to treat tissue,
A staple body comprising a proximal end and a distal end;
A plurality of staples removably stored within the staple body, the plurality of staples configured to be used to staple tissue within an optimal tissue thickness range;
A tissue thickness module adjacent to the distal end of the staple body;
A sensor configured to generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue adjacent to the staple body;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identifying means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is the optimum using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A staple cartridge, comprising: a tissue thickness module comprising: a controller that determines whether the tissue thickness is within a tissue thickness range. The tissue thickness sensing module is
A transmitter for performing signal communication with the control unit;
The staple cartridge according to claim 11, comprising: at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter.   The transmitter is configured to transmit the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal, wherein the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal are received by a receiver in a surgical instrument; The staple cartridge of claim 12, wherein the staple cartridge determines whether the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range.   The controller is configured to generate a signal indicating whether the thickness is within the optimal tissue thickness range, and wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal. Item 13. The surgical end effector according to Item 12.   The staple cartridge according to claim 11, wherein the identification unit includes a memory device that performs signal communication with the control unit, and the memory device stores the staple cartridge type. The identification means is
A first plurality of terminals located in the tissue thickness sensing module;
A second plurality of terminals located at the distal end of the staple body, wherein a subset of the first plurality of terminals is in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals, wherein the staple cartridge type is The staple cartridge of claim 11, wherein the staple cartridge is determined by a subset of the first plurality of terminals in signal communication with the second plurality of terminals.   The staple cartridge of claim 11, wherein the sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor.   The staple cartridge of claim 11, comprising a removable power switch configured to maintain the tissue thickness sensing module in a low power state.   The removable power switch is configured to maintain the sensor in a first state, and the low power state is maintained while the sensor is in the first state. The staple cartridge according to claim 18. A tissue thickness sensing module attached to a surgical staple cartridge configured for tissue treatment comprising:
A sensor configured to detect a magnetic field and generate a tissue thickness signal indicative of the thickness of the tissue adjacent to the surgical staple cartridge;
A control unit in signal communication with the sensor, the control unit comprising identification means for identifying a staple cartridge type, wherein the thickness is used for the surgical operation using the staple cartridge type and the tissue thickness signal; A controller for determining whether the staple cartridge is within an optimum tissue thickness range;
A transmitter for performing signal communication with the control unit;
A tissue thickness sensing module comprising: at least one power source configured to supply power to the controller and the transmitter.

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