JP2016192591A - Proximity sensor device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、赤外線等の光によって人の指、手等の被検出体の近接を検出する近接センサ装置、特には人の指、手等が近接したときに画面表示を起動させる、表示面にアイコン、タッチボタン等の隠れた表示部を表示させる、あるいは静止画表示を動画表示に切り替えるといった表示駆動をする表示装置等に適用される近接センサ装置に関するものである。 The present invention provides a proximity sensor device that detects the proximity of an object to be detected such as a human finger or hand using light such as infrared rays, and in particular, activates a screen display when a human finger, hand, or the like approaches. The present invention relates to a proximity sensor device that is applied to a display device that performs display driving such as displaying a hidden display unit such as an icon or a touch button, or switching a still image display to a moving image display.
従来、例えば自動車のナビゲーションシステム、タブレット端末、スマートフォン等に用いられる液晶表示装置（Liquid Crystal Display：ＬＣＤ）においては、ＬＣＤに備えられたタッチパネル等を操作するために人の指が表示画面に近接したときに、画面表示を起動させる、表示面にアイコン、タッチボタン等の隠れた表示部を表示させる、あるいは静止画表示を動画表示に切り替えるといった表示駆動をするために、近接センサ装置を設ける場合がある。この近接センサ装置としては、静電容量型近接センサ装置、インダクタンス型近接センサ装置、赤外線近接センサ装置等がある。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a liquid crystal display (LCD) used for, for example, a car navigation system, a tablet terminal, and a smartphone, a human finger is close to the display screen in order to operate a touch panel provided on the LCD. Sometimes, a proximity sensor device is provided to drive display such as starting screen display, displaying a hidden display unit such as an icon or touch button on the display surface, or switching still image display to video display. is there. Examples of the proximity sensor device include a capacitance type proximity sensor device, an inductance type proximity sensor device, and an infrared proximity sensor device.
赤外線近接センサ装置を備えたＬＣＤの１例を図４（ａ），（ｂ）に示す。なお、図４（ａ），（ｂ）に示すＬＣＤは、本願出願人が先に提案した構成のものである（特願2014-57418）。
図４（ａ）はＬＣＤの正面図、（ｂ）はＬＣＤの断面図である。このＬＣＤは、表示面22aに近接する人の指等の被検出体２９を検出する赤外線検出ユニット２６が左右両端に設けられた液晶表示パネル２２と、表示面22a及び赤外線検出ユニット２６を覆うガラス板、プラスチック板等から成る透明部材２１と、液晶表示パネル２２を嵌め込むための開口を有するプラスチック等から成る枠体２３と、液晶表示パネル２２の反表示面22bの側に設けられたプラスチック等から成る保護部材２５と、を有している。そして、赤外線検出ユニット２６は、赤外線受光素子26bとそれよりも数が多い赤外線発光素子26aを備えているとともに、赤外線発光素子26aが表示面22aの中心部の法線ｈ方向に向くように傾けて設置されている。この構成により、周囲の電子部品、回路配線等にＥＭＩ（Electromagnetic Interference）を生じさせたり、逆に周囲の電子部品、回路配線等からＥＭＩを受けることがなく、また液晶表示パネル２２の表示面22aの中央部等に近接した、赤外線検出ユニット２６設置位置から横方向に離れた人の手等の被検出体２９を、良好に検出することができる。
An example of an LCD provided with an infrared proximity sensor device is shown in FIGS. Note that the LCD shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B has a configuration previously proposed by the applicant of the present application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-57418).
4A is a front view of the LCD, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the LCD. The LCD includes a liquid crystal display panel 22 in which infrared detection units 26 for detecting a detection object 29 such as a human finger close to the display surface 22a are provided on both left and right sides, and glass that covers the display surface 22a and the infrared detection unit 26. A transparent member 21 made of a plate, a plastic plate or the like, a frame 23 made of plastic or the like having an opening for fitting the liquid crystal display panel 22, and a plastic provided on the side opposite to the display surface 22b of the liquid crystal display panel 22 And a protective member 25. The infrared detection unit 26 includes an infrared light receiving element 26b and an infrared light emitting element 26a having a larger number than the infrared light receiving element 26b, and the infrared light emitting element 26a is tilted so as to face the normal h direction at the center of the display surface 22a. Installed. With this configuration, EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) is not generated in surrounding electronic components and circuit wiring, and conversely, EMI is not received from surrounding electronic components and circuit wiring, and the display surface 22a of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is not affected. It is possible to satisfactorily detect a detected object 29 such as a human hand that is in the lateral direction away from the position where the infrared detection unit 26 is installed, in the vicinity of the center portion of the infrared detection unit 26.
赤外線検出ユニット２６は、透明部材２１によって覆われているが、透明部材２１の赤外線検出ユニット２６を覆っている部位は、例えば赤外線を通すが可視光は通さない黒色等の色合いの遮光層、遮光部材が設けられており、また透明部材１の表示面22aに対応する部位は、可視光を通すために透明である。また赤外線検出ユニット２６は、例えば、液晶表示パネル２２の反表示面22bの端部に取り付けられた張り出し部材２８に、接着剤による接着、ネジ止め等の手段により設置されている。張り出し部材２８は、液晶表示パネル２２の反表示面22bに透明接着剤、高透明性接着剤転写テープ（Optically Clear Adhesive Tape：ＯＣＡ）等の両面接着テープなどによって取り付けられる。また、張り出し部材２８は、例えば、液晶表示パネル２２の反表示面22bから張り出している部位が表示面22aの中心部に向かって傾斜しており、その部位に赤外線検出ユニット２６が設置されている。また図４（ｂ）に示すように、視認者側から、透明部材２１、液晶表示パネル２２、液晶表示パネル２２を嵌め込むための開口を有する枠体２３、バックライト２４、バックライト２４固定用のアルミニウム等から成る金属枠体２４ａと、保護部材２５が配置されている。金属枠体２４ａはフレーム２３に嵌めこみ、ネジ止め等の手段で固定され、保護部材２５は枠体２３にネジ止め等の手段で固定される。なお、２７はバックライト２４の液晶表示パネル２２と反対側の主面に設けられたアルミニウム（Ａｌ）等から成る接地用等の導体板である。 Although the infrared detection unit 26 is covered with the transparent member 21, the portion of the transparent member 21 covering the infrared detection unit 26 is, for example, a light-shielding layer having a shade of black or the like that transmits infrared light but does not transmit visible light. The member is provided, and the portion corresponding to the display surface 22a of the transparent member 1 is transparent to allow visible light to pass through. In addition, the infrared detection unit 26 is installed on a protruding member 28 attached to the end of the non-display surface 22b of the liquid crystal display panel 22 by means such as bonding with an adhesive or screwing. The projecting member 28 is attached to the non-display surface 22b of the liquid crystal display panel 22 by a double-sided adhesive tape such as a transparent adhesive or a highly transparent adhesive transfer tape (OCA). Further, the projecting member 28 has, for example, a portion projecting from the non-display surface 22b of the liquid crystal display panel 22 inclined toward the center of the display surface 22a, and the infrared detection unit 26 is installed at the site. . As shown in FIG. 4B, from the viewer side, the transparent member 21, the liquid crystal display panel 22, a frame body 23 having an opening for fitting the liquid crystal display panel 22, a backlight 24, and a backlight 24 for fixing. A metal frame 24a made of aluminum or the like and a protective member 25 are disposed. The metal frame 24a is fitted into the frame 23 and fixed by means such as screws, and the protection member 25 is fixed to the frame 23 by means such as screws. Reference numeral 27 denotes a grounding conductor plate made of aluminum (Al) or the like provided on the main surface of the backlight 24 opposite to the liquid crystal display panel 22.
赤外線発光素子26aの赤外線の放射方向は、放射軸（放射中心軸）Ａｃと表示面22a及び透明部材２１の外側主面との成す角度θが４５°を含む所定の角度範囲とされており、表示面22aの中央部からある程度（約１０ｃｍ）離れたところにある、赤外線検出ユニット２６設置位置から横方向に離れた人の手等の被検出体２９を効果的に検出できるように構成されている。 The infrared radiation direction of the infrared light emitting element 26a is a predetermined angle range including an angle θ formed by the radiation axis (radiation central axis) Ac, the display surface 22a, and the outer main surface of the transparent member 21, including 45 °. It is configured to be able to effectively detect a detected object 29 such as a person's hand laterally away from the position where the infrared detection unit 26 is located at a certain distance (about 10 cm) from the center of the display surface 22a. Yes.
また、赤外線を用いた従来の検出装置の１例として、赤外線の送信部から時間をずらして複数の送信信号を送信する送信制御手段と、第１送信信号に対する第１反射信号と、それと送信タイミングが異なる第２送信信号に対する第２反射信号と、に基づいて、検出対象の距離を検出する検出手段と、検出に用いる閾値を変更する閾値変更手段と、を備えた検出装置が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１を参照）。 Further, as an example of a conventional detection device using infrared rays, transmission control means for transmitting a plurality of transmission signals by shifting the time from the infrared transmission unit, a first reflection signal for the first transmission signal, and transmission timing thereof Has been proposed that includes detection means for detecting a distance to be detected based on a second reflected signal with respect to a second transmission signal having different values, and threshold value changing means for changing a threshold value used for detection. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、図４に示した従来の赤外線近接センサ装置は、以下のような問題点があった。即ち、図５（ａ）に示すように、液晶表示パネル２２の表示面22aに近づいた人の指、手等の被検出体２９が、一方の赤外線検出ユニット31aの側にある場合、赤外線受光素子33aによって検出された検出信号ＳＬ39aは閾値38aよりも十分に大きな信号レベルとなる。これに対し、他方の赤外線検出ユニット31bの赤外線受光素子33bによって検出された検出信号ＳＲ39bは閾値38bよりも小さな信号レベルとなる。これにより、被検出体２９が赤外線検出ユニット31aの側にあることを特定できる。また、図５（ｂ）に示すように、液晶表示パネル２２の表示面22aに近づいた被検出体２９が、他方の赤外線検出ユニット31bの側にある場合も、同様にして被検出体２９が赤外線検出ユニット31bの側にあることを特定できる。しかし、被検出体２９が液晶表示パネル２２の表示面22aの中央部に近づいた場合、検出信号ＳＬ39a及び検出信号ＳＲ39bの両方が閾値38a、閾値38bよりも小さな信号レベルとなる場合があった。即ち、赤外線発光素子32a,32bから放射された赤外線のうち数％程度が赤外線受光素子33a,33bによって検出されるために、赤外線検出ユニット31a,31bの両方から最も離れた部位である表示面22aの中央部に被検出体２９が近接しても、それを検出できない場合がある。 However, the conventional infrared proximity sensor device shown in FIG. 4 has the following problems. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, when a detection object 29 such as a person's finger or hand approaching the display surface 22a of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is on the side of one infrared detection unit 31a, infrared light reception is performed. The detection signal SL39a detected by the element 33a has a signal level sufficiently higher than the threshold value 38a. On the other hand, the detection signal SR39b detected by the infrared light receiving element 33b of the other infrared detection unit 31b has a signal level smaller than the threshold value 38b. Thereby, it can identify that the to-be-detected body 29 exists in the infrared detection unit 31a side. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the detected object 29 approaching the display surface 22a of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is on the other infrared detection unit 31b side, the detected object 29 is similarly formed. It can be specified that it is on the infrared detection unit 31b side. However, when the detected object 29 approaches the center of the display surface 22a of the liquid crystal display panel 22, both the detection signal SL39a and the detection signal SR39b may have signal levels lower than the threshold value 38a and the threshold value 38b. That is, about several percent of the infrared rays radiated from the infrared light emitting elements 32a and 32b are detected by the infrared light receiving elements 33a and 33b, so that the display surface 22a which is the part farthest from both the infrared detection units 31a and 31b. Even if the detected object 29 is close to the center of the object, it may not be detected.
また、特許文献１に開示された検出装置は、検出対象の距離に応じて検出に用いる閾値を変更するために、検出対象の距離を検出する検出手段及び検出に用いる閾値を変更する閾値変更手段を設ける必要があり、装置構成が複雑になるとともに検出に時間がかかりやすいという問題点があった。 In addition, the detection device disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a detection unit that detects the distance of the detection target and a threshold change unit that changes the threshold used for the detection in order to change the threshold used for the detection according to the distance of the detection target. Therefore, there is a problem that the apparatus configuration becomes complicated and it takes time for detection.
従って、本発明は上記従来の問題点に鑑みて完成されたものであり、その目的は、人の指、手等の被検出体が近接領域のどこに近づいても容易に検出することができる近接センサ装置を提供することである。 Therefore, the present invention has been completed in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the purpose thereof is proximity that can easily detect where a detection object such as a human finger or hand approaches in the proximity region. It is to provide a sensor device.
本発明の近接センサ装置は、被検出体が近接する近接領域を有するセンサ本体部と、そのセンサ本体部に設けられた発光素子及び受光素子を有する光検出ユニットと、前記受光素子の検出信号に基づいて被検出体の近接領域への近接を検出する検出信号処理部と、を有する近接センサ装置であって、前記光検出ユニットは、前記センサ本体部の近接領域の周囲に互いに間隔をあけて複数設けられており、前記検出信号処理部は、それぞれの前記受光素子の検出信号の和信号をとるとともに前記和信号と複数の前記受光素子のうちの一つに設定された所定の閾値とを比較することによって前記被検出体の近接または非近接を判定する構成である。 A proximity sensor device according to the present invention includes a sensor main body having a proximity region in which a detection object is close, a light detection unit having a light emitting element and a light receiving element provided in the sensor main body, and a detection signal of the light receiving element. And a detection signal processing unit that detects proximity of the detected object to the proximity region, wherein the light detection units are spaced apart from each other around the proximity region of the sensor main body. A plurality of detection signal processing units are provided, and the detection signal processing unit takes a sum signal of the detection signals of the respective light receiving elements, and sets the sum signal and a predetermined threshold set to one of the plurality of light receiving elements. In this configuration, the proximity or non-proximity of the detected object is determined by comparison.
本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、複数の前記光検出ユニットは、前記近接領域の周囲に互いに対向するように位置する２つのものを含んでいる。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of light detection units include two units positioned so as to face each other around the proximity region.
また本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、複数の前記光検出ユニットは、それぞれの発光素子の発光期間が互いに重なっていない。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the light-emitting periods of the light-emitting elements of the plurality of light detection units do not overlap each other.
また本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、前記光検出ユニットは、赤外線検出ユニットである。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the light detection unit is an infrared detection unit.
本発明の近接センサ装置は、被検出体が近接する近接領域を有するセンサ本体部と、そのセンサ本体部に設けられた発光素子及び受光素子を有する光検出ユニットと、受光素子の検出信号に基づいて被検出体の近接領域への近接を検出する検出信号処理部と、を有する近接センサ装置であって、光検出ユニットは、センサ本体部の近接領域の周囲に互いに間隔をあけて複数設けられており、検出信号処理部は、それぞれの受光素子の検出信号の和信号をとるとともに和信号と複数の受光素子のうちの一つに設定された所定の閾値とを比較することによって被検出体の近接または非近接を判定することから、被検出体が近接領域のどこに近接したとしても、それぞれの受光素子の検出信号の和信号は一つの受光素子の閾値よりも大きくなるので、被検出体の近接領域への近接を検出することができる。 The proximity sensor device of the present invention is based on a sensor main body having a proximity region where a detection target is close, a light detection unit having a light emitting element and a light receiving element provided in the sensor main body, and a detection signal of the light receiving element. And a detection signal processing unit that detects the proximity of the detected object to the proximity region, and a plurality of light detection units are provided around the proximity region of the sensor main body with a space therebetween. The detection signal processing unit takes a sum signal of the detection signals of the respective light receiving elements and compares the sum signal with a predetermined threshold value set in one of the plurality of light receiving elements. Since the proximity or non-proximity of the light receiving element is determined, the sum signal of the detection signals of the respective light receiving elements is larger than the threshold value of one light receiving element no matter where the detected object is in the proximity region. It is possible to detect the proximity to the adjacent region of the object to be detected.
本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、複数の光検出ユニットは、近接領域の周囲に互いに対向するように位置する２つのものを含んでいることから、被検出体が近接領域のどこに近接したとしても、被検出体の近接領域への近接をより容易に検出することができる。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of light detection units include two units positioned so as to face each other around the proximity region, and therefore where the detection target is close to the proximity region. Even so, the proximity of the detected object to the proximity region can be detected more easily.
また本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、複数の光検出ユニットは、それぞれの発光素子の発光期間が互いに重なっていないことから、ある光検出ユニットの受光素子に他の光検出ユニットの発光素子の光が入り込むことを防ぐことができる。これにより、誤検出が発生することを防いで検出の精度を高めることができる。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the light detection units of the plurality of light detection units do not overlap each other. Can prevent light from entering. Thereby, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and improve detection accuracy.
また本発明の近接センサ装置は、好ましくは、光検出ユニットは、赤外線検出ユニットであることから、赤外線を反射しやすい人の指、手等を検出するのに好適な近接センサ装置となる。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, preferably, since the light detection unit is an infrared detection unit, the proximity sensor device is suitable for detecting a human finger, hand, or the like that easily reflects infrared light.
以下、本発明の近接センサ装置の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。但し、以下で参照する各図は、本発明の近接センサ装置の主要な構成部材等を示している。従って、本発明の近接センサ装置は、図に示されていない回路基板、配線導体、制御ＩＣ，ＬＳＩ等の周知の構成部材を備えていてもよい。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the proximity sensor device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, each drawing referred to below shows main components of the proximity sensor device of the present invention. Therefore, the proximity sensor device of the present invention may include known constituent members such as a circuit board, a wiring conductor, a control IC, and an LSI that are not shown in the drawing.
図１〜図３は、本発明の近接センサ装置について実施の形態の各種例を示すものであり、これらの図に示すように、本発明の近接センサ装置は、被検出体４が近接する近接領域７ａを有するセンサ本体部７と、そのセンサ本体部７に設けられた発光素子２ａ，２ｂ及び受光素子３ａ，３ｂを有する光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂと、受光素子３ａ，３ｂの検出信号に基づいて被検出体４の近接領域７ａへの近接を検出する検出信号処理部５と、を有する近接センサ装置であって、光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂは、センサ本体部７の近接領域７ａの周囲に互いに間隔をあけて複数設けられており、検出信号処理部５は、それぞれの受光素子３ａ，３ｂの検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）の和信号９ｃ（ＳＬ＋ＳＲ）をとるとともに和信号９ｃ（ＳＬ＋ＳＲ）と複数の受光素子３ａ，３ｂのうちの一つに設定された所定の閾値８ａ（８ｂ）とを比較することによって被検出体４の近接または非近接を判定する構成である。この構成により、被検出体４が近接領域７ａのどこに近接したとしても、それぞれの受光素子３ａ，３ｂの検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）の和信号９ｃ（ＳＬ＋ＳＲ）は一つの受光素子３ａ（３ｂ）の閾値８ａ（８ｂ）よりも大きくなるので、被検出体４の近接領域７ａへの近接を検出することができる。 1 to 3 show various examples of embodiments of the proximity sensor device of the present invention. As shown in these drawings, the proximity sensor device of the present invention is a proximity sensor to be detected 4 is in proximity. Based on the detection signal of the sensor body 7 having the region 7a, the light detection units 1a and 1b having the light emitting elements 2a and 2b and the light receiving elements 3a and 3b provided in the sensor body 7 and the light receiving elements 3a and 3b. And a detection signal processing unit 5 for detecting the proximity of the detected object 4 to the proximity region 7a. The light detection units 1a and 1b are disposed around the proximity region 7a of the sensor body 7. A plurality of detection signal processing units 5 are provided at intervals, and the detection signal processing unit 5 takes the sum signal 9c (SL + SR) of the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) of the respective light receiving elements 3a and 3b and the sum signal 9c. (S + SR) to be determined constitute a proximity or non-proximity of the detection member 4 by comparing the plurality of light receiving elements 3a, a predetermined threshold value 8a which is set to one of 3b and (8b). With this configuration, the detection signal 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) of the respective light receiving elements 3a and 3b is summed 9c (SL + SR) regardless of where the detection object 4 is in the proximity region 7a. Since it becomes larger than the threshold value 8a (8b) of 3a (3b), the proximity of the detection subject 4 to the proximity region 7a can be detected.
本発明の近接センサ装置において、検出に用いられる光は受光素子３ａ，３ｂによって検出可能な光であればよく、例えば、可視光であれば波長が約４００ｎｍ〜約７５０ｎｍの光であり、赤外線であれば波長が約７５０ｎｍ〜約１４００ｎｍの近赤外線等である。また、検出に用いられる光は、紫外線、可視光、赤外線等の種々の波長、周波数の光を含んでいてもよく、その中で赤外線を受光素子３ａ，３ｂによって検出する近接センサ装置、あるいは可視光を受光素子３ａ，３ｂによって検出する近接センサ装置等として、種々の検出形態を採り得る。特には、光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂは、赤外線検出ユニットであることが好ましい。この場合、赤外線を反射しやすい人の指、手等を検出するのに好適な近接センサ装置となる。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, light used for detection may be light that can be detected by the light receiving elements 3a and 3b. For example, in the case of visible light, the light has a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 750 nm. If there is, near infrared light having a wavelength of about 750 nm to about 1400 nm. The light used for detection may include light of various wavelengths and frequencies, such as ultraviolet light, visible light, and infrared light. Among them, a proximity sensor device that detects infrared light by the light receiving elements 3a and 3b, or visible light. As a proximity sensor device that detects light by the light receiving elements 3a and 3b, various detection forms can be adopted. In particular, the light detection units 1a and 1b are preferably infrared detection units. In this case, the proximity sensor device is suitable for detecting a human finger, hand or the like that easily reflects infrared rays.
また本発明の近接センサ装置において、図２（ａ）に示すように、発光素子２の発光期間、発光強度等の制御、及び受光素子の受光期間、受光感度等の制御は、検出制御部６によって行う。また、受光素子３の検出信号に基づいて被検出体４の近接領域７ａへの近接の検出は、検出信号処理部５によって行う。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2A, the control of the light emission period, light emission intensity, etc. of the light emitting element 2 and the control of the light reception period, light reception sensitivity, etc. of the light receiving element are performed by the detection control unit 6. Do by. The detection signal processor 5 detects the proximity of the detection object 4 to the proximity region 7a based on the detection signal of the light receiving element 3.
発光素子２は赤外線発光ダイオード（ＩＲ−ＬＥＤ）等から成り、受光素子３はフォトダイオード（ＰＤ）等から成る。図２（ｂ）に示すように、発光素子２は、発光時（ＯＮ時）の駆動電流は例えば２００ｍＡ、非発光時（ＯＦＦ時）の駆動電流は例えば０ｍＡである。発光素子２ａ，２ｂの発光期間、非発光期間は、それぞれ８ｍｓｅｃ（ミリ秒）程度に設定される。受光素子３ａ，３ｂの受光期間も、発光素子２ａ，２ｂの発光期間、非発光期間に同期して８ｍｓｅｃ程度に設定される。そして、複数の光検出ユニット（図２（ｂ）の場合は２つの光検出ユニット）は、それぞれの発光素子２ａ，２ｂの発光期間が互いに重なっていないことが好ましい。この場合、ある光検出ユニットの受光素子３ａ（３ｂ）に他の光検出ユニットの発光素子２ｂ（２ａ）の光が入り込むことを防ぐことができる。これにより、誤検出が発生することを防いで検出の精度を高めることができる。 The light emitting element 2 is composed of an infrared light emitting diode (IR-LED) or the like, and the light receiving element 3 is composed of a photodiode (PD) or the like. As shown in FIG. 2B, the light emitting element 2 has a driving current of, for example, 200 mA when emitting light (ON) and a driving current of, for example, 0 mA when not emitting light (OFF). The light emission period and the non-light emission period of the light emitting elements 2a and 2b are each set to about 8 msec (milliseconds). The light receiving periods of the light receiving elements 3a and 3b are also set to about 8 msec in synchronization with the light emitting and non-light emitting periods of the light emitting elements 2a and 2b. In the plurality of light detection units (two light detection units in the case of FIG. 2B), it is preferable that the light emission periods of the respective light emitting elements 2a and 2b do not overlap each other. In this case, it is possible to prevent light from the light emitting element 2b (2a) of another light detection unit from entering the light receiving element 3a (3b) of a certain light detection unit. Thereby, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and improve detection accuracy.
また本発明の近接センサ装置は、複数の光検出ユニットは、近接領域７ａの周囲に互いに対向するように位置する２つの光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂを含んでいることが好ましい。この場合、被検出体４が近接領域７ａのどこに近接したとしても、被検出体４の近接領域７ａへの近接をより容易に検出することができる。即ち、ＬＣＤの表示面のような矩形状の面から成る近接領域７ａであれば、近接領域７ａの中心点、中心線に対して点対称、線対称の位置関係になるように配置された２つの光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂがある場合、近接領域７ａの全領域を検出可能とすることが容易になるからである。勿論、２つの光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂに加えて他の光検出ユニットがあってもよく、その場合３角測量と同じ原理によって近接領域７ａにおいて被検出体４の座標検出を行うこともできる。また、上記の構成により、被検出体４の誤検出を防ぐことができ、また被検出体４の検出感度が向上するとともに被検出体４の位置を精度良く特定することが可能となる。例えば、光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂがＬＣＤ等の表示装置の表示面の周囲であってその左右両端にそれぞれあり、それらが表示面の縦中心線について対称的な位置にあることがよい。この場合、被検出体４の表示面の横方向における位置を特定するのに有利である。また、光検出ユニット１が表示面の周囲であってその左右両端にそれぞれあり、さらに上下両端の少なくとも一方にあるとよい。この場合、被検出体４の表示面の面内における位置を特定するのに有利である。 In the proximity sensor device of the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of light detection units include two light detection units 1a and 1b positioned so as to face each other around the proximity region 7a. In this case, the proximity of the detected body 4 to the proximity area 7a can be more easily detected no matter where the detected body 4 is in the proximity area 7a. In other words, in the case of the proximity region 7a formed of a rectangular surface such as the display surface of the LCD, the center point and the center line of the proximity region 7a are arranged so as to be point-symmetrical and line-symmetrical. This is because when there are two light detection units 1a and 1b, it becomes easy to detect the entire region of the proximity region 7a. Of course, in addition to the two light detection units 1a and 1b, there may be another light detection unit. In that case, the coordinates of the detected object 4 can be detected in the proximity region 7a by the same principle as the triangulation. In addition, the above-described configuration can prevent erroneous detection of the detection object 4, and the detection sensitivity of the detection object 4 can be improved and the position of the detection object 4 can be specified with high accuracy. For example, the light detection units 1a and 1b may be around the display surface of a display device such as an LCD and at both left and right ends thereof, and they may be symmetrically positioned with respect to the vertical center line of the display surface. In this case, it is advantageous to specify the position of the display surface of the detection object 4 in the horizontal direction. Further, it is preferable that the light detection unit 1 is at the left and right ends of the periphery of the display surface and further at at least one of the upper and lower ends. In this case, it is advantageous to specify the position of the detected object 4 within the display surface.
光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂは、発光素子２ａ，２ｂの放射中心軸及び受光素子３ａ，３ｂの受光中心軸が、近接領域７ａの中心部の方向に向くように傾けて設置されていることが好ましい。この場合、近接領域７ａの中心部に近接した被検出体４を感度良く検出することができる。発光素子２ａ，２ｂの放射中心軸及び受光素子３ａ，３ｂの受光中心軸の、平面から成る近接領域７ａの面に対する傾斜角度は、４０度程度を中心とし、１０度程度〜８０度程度であることがよい。より好ましくは、３０度程度〜６０度程度がよい。 The light detection units 1a and 1b are preferably installed so that the emission center axes of the light-emitting elements 2a and 2b and the light-receiving center axes of the light-receiving elements 3a and 3b are directed toward the center of the proximity region 7a. . In this case, it is possible to detect the detection object 4 close to the center of the proximity region 7a with high sensitivity. The inclination angles of the emission central axes of the light emitting elements 2a and 2b and the light receiving central axes of the light receiving elements 3a and 3b with respect to the plane of the adjacent region 7a made of a plane are about 10 degrees to about 80 degrees with a center of about 40 degrees. It is good. More preferably, the angle is about 30 to 60 degrees.
本発明の近接センサ装置の検出可能領域空間は、図４に示すＬＣＤの場合であれば、透明部材２１の外側表面からそれに垂直な方向において約１０ｃｍ〜約１５ｃｍ離れた位置までの空間に相当する。従って、所定の閾値は２０ｌｘ（ルクス）程度の照度の光を１つの受光素子３ａ（３ｂ）によって受光したときの信号レベルに相当し、図４に示すＬＣＤの場合であれば、透明部材２１の外側表面からそれに垂直な方向において１０数ｃｍ離れた位置に人の手等の被検出体４がある場合の検出信号強度である。具体的には、図４に示す１０インチ程度のＬＣＤであれば、その左右両端に２５０ｍｍ程度の間隔をもって光検出ユニット１ａ，１ｂを、表示面22aの中心部の方向に向けて４０度の傾斜角度で傾けて設置した場合に、表示面22aの中心部から１２０ｍｍ程度離れた人の手を１つの受光素子３ａ（３ｂ）によって検出したときの検出信号強度に相当する。 In the case of the LCD shown in FIG. 4, the detectable region space of the proximity sensor device of the present invention corresponds to a space from the outer surface of the transparent member 21 to a position about 10 cm to about 15 cm away in the direction perpendicular thereto. . Therefore, the predetermined threshold corresponds to a signal level when light having an illuminance of about 20 lx (lux) is received by one light receiving element 3a (3b). In the case of the LCD shown in FIG. This is the detection signal intensity when the detection object 4 such as a human hand is located at a position 10 or more centimeters away from the outer surface in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface. Specifically, in the case of an LCD of about 10 inches shown in FIG. 4, the light detection units 1a and 1b are inclined by 40 degrees toward the central portion of the display surface 22a with an interval of about 250 mm on both left and right ends. This corresponds to the detected signal intensity when a human hand away from the center of the display surface 22a by about 120 mm is detected by one light receiving element 3a (3b) when installed at an angle.
また、受光素子３ａ，３ｂの検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）をとるときに、図３に示すように、検出信号９と、それを所定時間遅延させて成る遅延信号から成る基準信号（ベース信号）８との差分ΔＳをとり、そのΔＳを検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）とし、それを閾値８ａ，８ｂと比較してもよい。この場合、検出信号９が小さい場合であっても、検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）を確実に取得することができる。検出信号９の遅延信号としての基準信号の遅延時間は、１００ｍｓｅｃ乃至５００ｍｓｅｃ程度であることが好ましい。この場合、人の手が近接領域７ａに近接してくる時間が１００ｍｓｅｃ〜５００ｍｓｅｃ程度であり、それが検出信号９の立ち上がり部に相当するのであり、立ち上がり部の１００ｍｓｅｃ〜５００ｍｓｅｃ程度の間に検出信号９と基準信号８との差分ΔＳをとると、差分ΔＳを大きくしてとることができる。また、検出信号９の立ち上がり部から後の信号は、人の手が近接領域７ａに近接した状態が長時間続くことが多いため、立ち上がり部のような変化がないか、小さくなりやすい。より好ましくは、２００ｍｓｅｃ〜３００ｍｓｅｃがよい。 Further, when the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) of the light receiving elements 3a and 3b are taken, as shown in FIG. 3, the reference signal is composed of the detection signal 9 and a delay signal obtained by delaying the detection signal 9 for a predetermined time. The difference ΔS with respect to the (base signal) 8 is taken, and the ΔS may be used as the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR), which may be compared with the threshold values 8a and 8b. In this case, even if the detection signal 9 is small, the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) can be reliably acquired. The delay time of the reference signal as the delay signal of the detection signal 9 is preferably about 100 msec to 500 msec. In this case, the time during which a human hand approaches the proximity region 7a is about 100 msec to 500 msec, which corresponds to the rising portion of the detection signal 9, and the detection signal is between 100 msec and 500 msec of the rising portion. If the difference ΔS between 9 and the reference signal 8 is taken, the difference ΔS can be increased. In addition, the signal after the rising portion of the detection signal 9 often has a state in which a human hand is close to the proximity region 7a continues for a long time. More preferably, it is 200 msec to 300 msec.
また、図１（ｃ）に示すように、受光素子３ａ，３ｂの検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）が、双方とも閾値８ａ（８ｂ）よりも小さい場合、検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）を増幅して、それぞれが閾値８ａ（８ｂ）の１／２のレベルを超えるようにすることが好ましい。この場合、検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）の和信号９ｃ（ＳＬ＋ＳＲ）が閾値８ａ（８ｂ）を常に超えることとなる。より好ましくは、検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）が、双方とも閾値８ａ（８ｂ）の１／２以下である場合、検出信号９ａ（ＳＬ），９ｂ（ＳＲ）を増幅して、それぞれが閾値８ａ（８ｂ）の１／２のレベルを超えるようにすることがよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, when the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) of the light receiving elements 3a and 3b are both smaller than the threshold value 8a (8b), the detection signals 9a (SL), Preferably, 9b (SR) is amplified so that each exceeds a half level of threshold 8a (8b). In this case, the sum signal 9c (SL + SR) of the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) always exceeds the threshold value 8a (8b). More preferably, when the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) are both ½ or less of the threshold value 8a (8b), the detection signals 9a (SL) and 9b (SR) are amplified, It is preferable to exceed a level half of the threshold value 8a (8b).
また、本発明の近接センサ装置を適用した表示装置は、人の指等が表示面に近接したときに画面表示を起動させる、表示面にアイコン、タッチボタン等の通常は隠れている操作部を表示させる、静止画表示を動画表示に切り替える、あるいは画面表示を複数の画面表示とするといった表示駆動をすることができる。さらに、ホログラム等を用いることにより、表示面の前方の空間にアイコン、タッチボタン等の操作部を表示させることもできる。また、近接センサ装置のセンサ本体部は、例えば表示装置であれば表示パネル、透明保護基板等に相当する。 In addition, the display device to which the proximity sensor device of the present invention is applied has an operation unit that is normally hidden such as an icon or a touch button on the display surface, which activates screen display when a human finger or the like approaches the display surface. Display driving such as displaying, switching still image display to moving image display, or changing the screen display to a plurality of screen displays can be performed. Further, by using a hologram or the like, an operation unit such as an icon or a touch button can be displayed in a space in front of the display surface. Further, the sensor main body of the proximity sensor device corresponds to, for example, a display panel, a transparent protective substrate, or the like in the case of a display device.
表示装置の１例としてのＬＣＤは以下のような構成である。ＬＣＤは、ＴＦＴを含む画素部が多数形成されたガラス基板等から成るアレイ側基板と、カラーフィルタ及びブラックマトリクスが形成されたガラス基板等から成るカラーフィルタ側基板とを互いに対向させて、それらの基板を所定の間隔でもって貼り合わせ、それらの基板間に液晶を充填、封入させることによって作製される。また、一般的に、カラーフィルタ側基板は、ＴＦＴ及びＩＴＯ等の透明電極から成る画素電極から成る画素部に対向する側の面、すなわち液晶側の面の全面に、画素電極との間で液晶に印加する垂直電界を形成するための共通電極が形成されている。この共通電極は、ＩＰＳ（In-Plane Switching）方式のＬＣＤの場合、アレイ側基板の画素部に画素電極と同じ面内に形成されることによって横電界（水平電界）を生じさせるものとなる。また共通電極は、ＦＦＳ（Fringe Field Switching）方式のＬＣＤの場合、アレイ側基板の画素部に画素電極の上方または下方に絶縁層を挟んで形成されることによって端部電界（フリンジ電界）を生じさせるものとなる。また、カラーフィルタ側基板の液晶側の面には、各画素部に対応する赤（Ｒ）、緑（Ｇ）、青（Ｂ）のカラーフィルタが形成されており、各画素部を通過する光が相互に干渉することを防ぐブラックマトリクスがカラーフィルタの外周を囲むように形成されている。なお、カラーフィルタを覆ってオーバーコート層が形成されており、オーバーコート層上に共通電極が形成されている。また、アレイ側基板の液晶側の面の縁部全周と、カラーフィルタ側基板の液晶側の面の縁部全周とが、シリコーン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、合成ゴム等から成る封止部材によって接着、封止されている。さらに、アレイ側基板の液晶側の面における封止部材から外部に突出した部位には、ＩＣ，ＬＳＩ等から成る、ゲート信号線駆動回路素子、画像信号線駆動回路素子としての半導体素子がＣＯＧ（Chip On Glass）方式等の実装方法により搭載されており、さらに半導体素子に外部から駆動信号、制御信号を入出力するＦＰＣ（Flexible Printed Circuit）が、上記突出した部位の端部に設置されている。また、カラーフィルタ側基板の表示側の面に、ＯＣＡ等を介してカバーガラスと称される透明保護基板を設ける。 An LCD as an example of a display device has the following configuration. In an LCD, an array side substrate composed of a glass substrate or the like on which a large number of pixel portions including TFTs are formed and a color filter side substrate composed of a glass substrate or the like on which a color filter and a black matrix are formed are opposed to each other. It is manufactured by bonding substrates at a predetermined interval and filling and sealing liquid crystal between the substrates. In general, the color filter side substrate is a liquid crystal layer between the pixel electrode and the entire surface of the liquid crystal side surface facing the pixel portion composed of a pixel electrode composed of a transparent electrode such as TFT and ITO. A common electrode for forming a vertical electric field to be applied to is formed. In the case of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) type LCD, the common electrode is formed in the same plane as the pixel electrode in the pixel portion of the array side substrate, thereby generating a horizontal electric field (horizontal electric field). In the case of an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) type LCD, the common electrode is formed in the pixel portion of the array side substrate with an insulating layer sandwiched above or below the pixel electrode, thereby generating an edge electric field (fringe electric field). To be In addition, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filters corresponding to each pixel portion are formed on the liquid crystal side surface of the color filter side substrate, and light that passes through each pixel portion. A black matrix that prevents the two from interfering with each other is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the color filter. An overcoat layer is formed so as to cover the color filter, and a common electrode is formed on the overcoat layer. Also, the entire periphery of the edge of the liquid crystal side surface of the array side substrate and the entire periphery of the edge of the liquid crystal side surface of the color filter side substrate are bonded by a sealing member made of silicone resin, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber or the like. Is sealed. Further, a semiconductor element as a gate signal line driving circuit element or an image signal line driving circuit element made of IC, LSI, or the like is formed on the surface of the array side substrate protruding from the sealing member on the liquid crystal side surface. It is mounted by a mounting method such as a chip on glass (FRAME) method, and an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) that inputs / outputs drive signals and control signals to / from semiconductor elements from the outside is installed at the end of the protruding portion. . Further, a transparent protective substrate called a cover glass is provided on the display side surface of the color filter side substrate through OCA or the like.
表示装置としては、ＬＣＤに限らず、有機ＥＬ（Electro Luminescence）装置、無機ＥＬ装置、プラズマディスプレイ、ＦＥＤ（Field Emitting Display）、ＳＥＤ（Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display）、ＧＬＶ（Grating Light Valve）装置、ＰＤＰ（Plasma Display）装置、電子ペーパーディスプレイ、ＤＭＤ（Digital micro Mirror Device）、圧電セラミックディスプレイ、ＬＥＤディスプレイなどがある。さらに、これらの表示装置を有する電子機器としては、自動車経路誘導システム（カーナビゲーションシステム）、船舶経路誘導システム、航空機経路誘導システム、スマートフォン端末、携帯電話、タブレット端末、パーソナルデジタルアシスタント（ＰＤＡ）、ビデオカメラ、デジタルスチルカメラ、電子手帳、電子書籍、電子辞書、コンピュータ、パーソナルコンピュータ、複写機、ゲーム機器の端末装置、テレビジョン、商品表示タグ、価格表示タグ、産業用のプログラマブル表示装置、カーオーディオ、デジタルオーディオプレイヤー、ファクシミリ、プリンター、現金自動預け入れ払い機（ＡＴＭ）、自動販売機、ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置、プロジェクタ装置、デジタル表示式腕時計、スマートウォッチ、頭部装着型画像表示装置（Head Mounted Display device ：ＨＭＤ）などがある。 Display devices are not limited to LCDs, but include organic EL (Electro Luminescence) devices, inorganic EL devices, plasma displays, FED (Field Emitting Display), SED (Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display), GLV (Grating Light Valve) devices. PDP (Plasma Display) device, electronic paper display, DMD (Digital micro Mirror Device), piezoelectric ceramic display, LED display and the like. Furthermore, as an electronic device having these display devices, an automobile route guidance system (car navigation system), a ship route guidance system, an aircraft route guidance system, a smartphone terminal, a mobile phone, a tablet terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a video Cameras, digital still cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic books, electronic dictionaries, computers, personal computers, copying machines, terminal devices for game machines, televisions, product display tags, price display tags, industrial programmable display devices, car audio, Digital audio player, facsimile, printer, automatic teller machine (ATM), vending machine, head-up display device, projector device, digital display wristwatch, smart watch, head-mounted image Display device (Head Mounted Display device: HMD), and the like.
なお、本発明の近接センサ装置は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、適宜の設計的な変更、改良を含んでいてもよい。 The proximity sensor device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may include appropriate design changes and improvements.
１ａ、１ｂ 光検出ユニット
２ａ、２ｂ 発光素子
３ａ、３ｂ 受光素子
４ 被検出体
７ センサ本体部
７ａ 近接領域
８ａ、８ｂ 閾値
９ａ、９ｂ 検出信号
９ｃ 和信号
1a, 1b Light detection unit 2a, 2b Light emitting element 3a, 3b Light receiving element 4 Object to be detected 7 Sensor body 7a Proximity region 8a, 8b Threshold value 9a, 9b Detection signal 9c Sum signal
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