JP2016170600A - Exchange price setting device, exchange price setting method, program and record medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exchange price setting device capable of imposing an economic loss to a customer who has driven an electric vehicle in a manner which causes early deterioration of a battery.SOLUTION: The price setting device includes an information processing unit 401 for determining an exchange price of a battery for an electric vehicle at a station. The price setting device includes: a use degree acquisition section 602 that calculates a degree of early-deterioration use in a numerical value, i.e., an electric vehicle has been used in a mode which causes an early deterioration of the battery for each customer; and a price setting section 604 that sets a relatively higher exchange price to a customer whose degree of early-deterioration use is relatively high.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an exchange price setting device, an exchange price setting method, a program, and a recording medium for setting an exchange price of a rental battery in a battery exchange station of an electric vehicle.

  Since the charging time of an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle is longer than the refueling time of a gasoline vehicle, a customer (user) standby time is used in a charging station that charges a battery mounted on the electric vehicle. There is a problem of becoming longer. Moreover, there is a problem that the long waiting time of the customer goes against the profits of the charging stand supplier.

  On the other hand, in order to suppress the waiting time of the customer, instead of charging the battery with a small amount remaining in the electric vehicle, the battery with a small amount remaining in the electric vehicle is used. A battery exchange system (battery swap system) for exchanging a charged battery in advance has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In particular, recently, a battery exchange station has appeared that can replace the battery at the same level as or less than the fueling time of a gasoline vehicle, and it has become possible to suppress the problems occurring in the charging station.

JP 2014-8890 A (publication date: January 20, 2014) JP 2012-6591 A (publication date: January 12, 2012) JP 2013-172476 A (publication date: September 20, 2013)

  There are various business methods in the battery exchange station, and the following method is an example.

  First, customers who can use a battery exchange station are limited to members who have previously contracted with the supplier of the battery exchange station. When a customer A (member) who rides on an electric vehicle requiring battery replacement enters a store at a battery exchange station, a small amount of battery mounted on the electric vehicle of customer A is prepared in advance and has been charged. Replaced with a battery. The battery with a small remaining amount removed from the customer A's electric vehicle is charged by the charging device, and is charged as a battery in the battery replacement of the electric vehicle of any member (not limited to the user A) who comes later. Used. In other words, according to the business method described above, each battery prepared at the battery exchange station is not exclusively used by a single customer, but is reused among a plurality of customers having membership. ing.

  By the way, the battery deteriorates (including damage) with use. Accordingly, a battery exchange station supplier discards a battery whose index (for example, SOH (State Of Health)) indicating the degree of deterioration of the battery has reached a threshold value, and uses a new battery instead of the discarded battery. . Therefore, from the standpoint of a battery exchange station, the earlier the battery progresses, the more cost is lost.

  In this regard, the speed of the battery deterioration varies depending on the usage mode of the customer's electric vehicle. For example, in the case of a customer with a lot of rapid acceleration or sudden start (in the case of a user who tends to drive at high acceleration), the load on the battery and the impact transmitted to the battery become large, and the progress of battery deterioration is accelerated.

  Therefore, from the standpoint of a battery exchange station, a customer who uses an electric vehicle in a manner of use in which battery deterioration progresses quickly (for example, a customer who often drives at a high acceleration) than a customer who does not. However, it is desirable to set the battery replacement price high. By doing so, it is possible from the trader's side to pass on to the customer the economic loss caused by the customer who uses the electric vehicle in such a usage mode that the deterioration of the battery is accelerated.

  However, if one battery is used exclusively by one customer, the battery deterioration is accelerated only by continuously monitoring an indicator (for example, SOH) indicating the degree of deterioration of each battery in the battery exchange station. In the case of a battery exchange station that employs a business method in which one battery is reused by a plurality of customers, it is easy to specify the customer of the aspect, but an indicator ( For example, it is not easy to specify a customer in a usage mode in which deterioration of a battery is accelerated only by continuing monitoring of (SOH).

  Therefore, from the standpoint of a battery exchange station, the price of battery replacement imposed on a customer who uses an electric vehicle in such a manner that the deterioration of the battery is accelerated, and the price of battery replacement imposed on a customer who does not. It is difficult to pass the economic loss due to the customer who uses the electric vehicle in a usage mode in which the deterioration of the battery is advanced more quickly to the customer.

  The present invention relates to an exchange price setting device, an exchange price setting method, and a program capable of passing on an economic loss caused by a customer who uses an electric vehicle in a usage mode in which the deterioration of the battery is accelerated. And a recording medium.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an exchange price setting device for setting an exchange price of a battery in a station for exchanging a battery of an electric vehicle, which is a factor that accelerates the progress of deterioration of the battery. A usage acquisition unit that obtains for each customer a feature amount indicating early deterioration usage that is the degree to which the electric vehicle is used in an aspect, and a customer with relatively high early deterioration usage indicated by the feature amount And a price setting unit for setting the exchange price relatively high.

  Further, the present invention provides an exchange price setting method for setting an exchange price of a battery in a station for exchanging a battery of an electric vehicle in order to achieve the above object, and a factor that accelerates the progress of deterioration of the battery. In a usage mode, the usage acquisition step of obtaining for each customer a feature amount indicating the degree of early deterioration usage that is the degree to which the electric vehicle is used, and a customer having a relatively high early deterioration usage level indicated by the feature amount On the other hand, a price setting step of setting the exchange price relatively high is included.

  As a result, the customer who uses the electric vehicle in such a usage mode that the battery deterioration progresses faster can set the replacement price higher than the customer who does not, and from the standpoint of the station vendor, the battery deterioration It becomes possible to pass on to the customer the economic loss caused by the customer who uses the electric vehicle in such a usage manner that the progress becomes faster.

  In the replacement price setting device of the present invention, the usage acquisition unit is configured to provide information indicating a physical load applied to the battery while each battery collected in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle, The feature amount may be obtained using at least one of information related to an environment of the battery and information related to electric energy output from the battery.

  The physical load applied to the battery, the environment of the battery, and the electric energy output from the battery are related to usage modes that cause the battery to progress more rapidly. Therefore, the feature amount can be obtained using these pieces of information.

  In the replacement price setting device of the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, when the replacement is performed a predetermined number of times, each battery recovered in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle. It may be the total value of the threshold excess values indicating the number of times or the length of time that the threshold of acceleration or speed of the electric vehicle is exceeded.

  This is because, in the case of a customer who has a lot of rapid acceleration, sudden start, and ultra-high speed driving, the load on the battery and the impact transmitted to the battery become large, the progress of the deterioration of the battery is accelerated, and the over-threshold value is the early deterioration usage rate This is because it can be said to represent a value.

  In addition to the above-described configuration, the replacement price setting device of the present invention is equipped with each battery collected in each replacement work mounted on the electric vehicle when the feature amount is a predetermined number of times of replacement work. It may be the total value of the over-threshold values indicating the number of times or the length of time that the ambient temperature or ambient humidity of each battery has exceeded the threshold during the period.

  This is because if the battery has an abnormal value of ambient temperature or ambient humidity, the progress of deterioration becomes faster, and the value exceeding the threshold can be said to be a value representing the early deterioration usage.

  In addition to the above configuration, the replacement price setting device according to the present invention may be configured such that, when the replacement operation is performed a predetermined number of times, each battery collected in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle. It may be the total value of the over-threshold values indicating the number of times or the length of time that the current value or the power value output from each battery has exceeded the threshold value.

  This is because when a battery has a large output current value or power value, the progress of deterioration is accelerated, and the over-threshold value can be said to be a value representing the early deterioration usage. .

  In addition to the above configuration, the replacement price setting device of the present invention inputs threshold excess information in which the threshold excess value is associated with identification information of a customer to be exchanged, and the input threshold excess information Using a database processing unit that updates a database indicating each threshold excess value for each customer while each battery collected in each replacement work was mounted on the electric vehicle, the usage acquisition unit is The total value is obtained for each customer with reference to the database.

  Thereby, the total value of the threshold excess values can be easily obtained as the early deterioration usage.

  In addition, the presence of a customer with a high degree of early deterioration usage causes the early deterioration of a battery owned by the station, but conversely, the presence of a customer with a low degree of early deterioration usage leads to an early occurrence of the battery owned by the station. It becomes a suppression factor of deterioration (factor of long life).

  Therefore, in addition to the above configuration, the replacement price setting device of the present invention includes a standard class in which the feature amount is in a predetermined range, a high deterioration class having a higher early deterioration usage rate indicated by the feature amount than the standard class, and A class classification unit that classifies the customer into one of a low-degradation class having a low early degradation usage rate indicated by the feature amount than the standard class, and the price setting unit is configured for the customer of the high-degradation class The replacement price is set higher than that of the standard class customer, and the replacement price is set lower than that of the standard class customer for the low degradation class customer.

  Thereby, not only can a relatively high price be set for a customer with a high degree of early deterioration usage, but also an incentive of a discount can be given to a customer with a low degree of early deterioration usage, and the It has the merit that deterioration suppression can be promoted.

  In the exchange price setting device of the present invention, the predetermined range is in a range of μ ± σ, where σ is a standard deviation of a frequency distribution in which the feature amount is a class and the number of customers is a frequency, and an average value is μ. It may be set.

  As a result, the respective ranges of the low deterioration class, the standard class, and the high deterioration class can be set in a balanced manner.

  In addition to the above configuration, the exchange price setting device of the present invention stores information for inputting a deterioration parameter indicating the degree of deterioration of a battery used for a predetermined period and the number of times of charging in the predetermined period for each battery. And a representative value of the deterioration parameter of the predetermined number of batteries and a representative value of the number of times of charging, and a loss price such that the amount of money increases as the degree of deterioration indicated by the representative value of the deterioration parameter increases. And a price calculation unit that calculates a value obtained by dividing the loss price by the representative value of the number of times of charging as the replacement price to be applied to the standard class.

  Thereby, the battery replacement price can be brought close to a value corresponding to the loss due to deterioration.

  The exchange price setting device of the present invention may be realized by a computer. In this case, a program for causing the computer to implement the exchange price setting device by causing the computer to operate as each unit included in the exchange price setting device, and A computer-readable recording medium on which it is recorded also falls within the scope of the present invention.

  The present invention has an effect that it is possible to pass on to the customer an economic loss caused by the customer who uses the electric vehicle in such a usage mode that the deterioration of the battery is accelerated.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the price setting system which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the information processing part and memory | storage part which are included in the price setting apparatus of FIG. It is the figure which showed typically the data (table) of the customer whose customer ID is 0001 among threshold value excess frequency DB memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of FIG. It is the figure which showed typically the usage table memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed an example of the histogram produced by the class classification | category part of FIG. It is the figure which showed typically an example of the price setting table memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the price setting apparatus of FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a battery according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the information processing part of the price setting apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2, and a memory | storage part. It is the figure which showed typically battery information DB preserve | saved at the memory | storage part shown by FIG. It is the figure which showed the histogram which made the value of the deterioration parameter the rank, and made the number of batteries the frequency.

Embodiment 1
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an exchange price setting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the price setting system of the present embodiment.

  A price setting system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a battery exchange station. First, a battery exchange station will be described as a prerequisite for the present embodiment.

  The battery exchange station is a facility that provides a customer with a service for exchanging a small amount of battery mounted on an electric vehicle with a battery that has been charged in advance. An example of a battery exchange station is shown in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-8890) and Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-6591).

  Customers who can use the service of the battery exchange station of the present embodiment are limited to members who have previously contracted with a business operator of the battery exchange station. Then, at the battery exchange station, when a customer Y (who is a member of course) who rides on an electric vehicle that requires battery replacement enters the store, a small amount of battery mounted on the electric vehicle is prepared in advance. Replaced with a charged battery. The battery of a small remaining amount removed from the customer Y's electric vehicle is charged by a charging device installed in the battery exchange station, and the battery of the electric vehicle of any customer (not limited to the customer Y) who comes to the store later is replaced. In stock for use as a charged battery. That is, each battery used in the battery exchange station of this embodiment is not exclusively used by a single customer, but is used by a plurality of customers (members).

  Next, the price setting system 100 of FIG. 1 will be described. The price setting system 100 of FIG. 1 is a system installed in a certain battery exchange station. As shown in FIG. 1, the price setting system 100 includes a communication device 200 that performs wireless communication with a battery 300 and a price setting device 400 that sets a battery replacement price. Note that the communication device 200 and the price setting device 400 are communicably connected via a network.

(About communication device 200 and battery 300)
The battery 300 is a battery lent to a customer who has a membership, and is lent to the customer by being attached to the customer's electric vehicle in the battery replacement work, and the battery is collected by being removed from the customer's electric vehicle in the battery replacement work. (Returned) The battery 300 is a battery package that houses a cell 301 that functions as a secondary battery.

  The communication device 200 is a device that communicates with a charged battery immediately before being attached to an electric vehicle in a battery replacement operation, and communicates with a battery that is removed from the electric vehicle and collected in the battery replacement operation. Communication device 200 may be incorporated in a charging device (not shown) for charging battery 300. Hereinafter, configurations of the communication device 200 and the battery 300 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 300 accommodates at least a wireless communication unit 302, an acceleration sensor 303, a storage unit 304, and a control unit 305 in addition to the cell 301. The communication apparatus 200 includes a wireless communication unit 201, an ID input unit 202, a control unit 203, and a storage unit 204.

  First, the configuration on the battery 300 side will be described. The cell 301 is a secondary battery that supplies electric power to a motor of an electric vehicle on which the battery 300 is mounted. In the battery exchange station of the present embodiment, the cell 301 is charged by a charging device (not shown) while the battery 300 is removed from the electric vehicle.

  The wireless communication unit 302 is an antenna that performs wireless communication with the wireless communication unit 201 only when entering the communicable area of the wireless communication unit 201 of the communication device 200. Specifically, when battery 300 is placed at a predetermined communication position in communication device 200, wireless communication unit 302 configured in battery 300 enters the communicable area of wireless communication unit 201 and communicates with wireless communication unit 302. The unit 201 is connected to be wirelessly communicable.

  The acceleration sensor 303 is a device that outputs acceleration. That is, while the battery 300 is mounted on the electric vehicle, the acceleration output from the acceleration sensor 303 is the acceleration of the electric vehicle.

  The control unit 305 is a control integrated circuit that controls each hardware included in the battery 300. The storage unit 304 is a storage device in which information is stored and read out by the control unit 305. The storage unit 304 may be a storage device configured separately from the control unit 305, or may be a storage device provided in the control unit (control integrated circuit) 305.

  Next, the configuration on the communication device 200 side will be described. As described above, the wireless communication unit 201 is an antenna that performs wireless communication with the wireless communication unit 302 of the battery 300 placed at a predetermined communication position in the communication device 200.

  The ID input unit 202 is a device that receives a customer ID (identification information) unique to a customer who is a target of battery replacement work. The ID input unit 202 may be, for example, a card reader that reads a customer ID from a member card, or may be an input device (such as a keyboard) that inputs a number indicating the customer ID.

  The control unit 203 is a computer including a processor, RAM, ROM, and the like that controls each hardware of the communication device 200. As the control unit 203, for example, a general-purpose personal computer can be used. The storage unit 204 is a hard disk or a semiconductor memory that stores information processed by the control unit 203, and may be connected to the control unit 203 or incorporated in the control unit 203.

  Next, processing performed by the communication device 200 and the battery 300 will be specifically described. Below, the communication process of the communication apparatus 200 with respect to the charged battery 300 before attaching to the said electric vehicle in the battery exchange operation | work of the customer Y's electric vehicle first is demonstrated, and it is next mounted in the electric vehicle. The processing of the control unit 305 of the battery 300 is described, and then the communication processing for the battery 300 that is removed from the electric vehicle of the customer Y and collected (returned) in the battery replacement operation of the electric vehicle of the customer Y is described. .

(Communication processing for a charged battery before being attached to an electric vehicle)
First, when the customer Y enters the battery exchange station for battery replacement, the customer ID of the customer Y is read into the communication device 200 by causing the ID input unit 202 to read the membership card of the customer Y before battery replacement work. Entered. Thereby, the control part 203 of the communication apparatus 200 detects customer ID of the customer Y used as the object of battery replacement work.

  In addition, before the battery replacement work for the customer Y's electric vehicle, the charged battery 300 to be attached to the customer Y's electric vehicle in the battery replacement work is placed at a predetermined communication position of the communication device 200.

  When the charged battery 300 before being attached to the electric vehicle is placed at the communication position, the control unit 203 of the communication device 200 receives the customer ID (customer) input from the ID input unit 202 via the wireless communication unit 201. Y customer ID) is transmitted to the battery 300 side. The control unit 203 determines whether or not the battery 300 placed at a predetermined communication position is a charged battery before being attached to the electric vehicle, and whether or not the customer ID is stored in the storage unit 304 of the battery. It can be judged by no. That is, when the customer ID is not stored in the storage unit 304 of the battery 300 placed at a predetermined communication position, the control unit 203 is a charged battery before the battery 300 is attached to the electric vehicle. to decide.

  The control unit 305 of the battery 300 receives the customer ID transmitted from the communication device 200 via the wireless communication unit 302 and stores the customer ID in the storage unit 304. At this time, the control unit 305 initially sets the number of times that the threshold is exceeded, which will be described later, to zero, and stores the number of times that the threshold is exceeded in the storage unit 304 in association with the customer ID. The number of times the threshold is exceeded indicates the number of times that the acceleration output from the acceleration sensor 303 exceeds the threshold. The threshold is set to an acceleration (acceleration of the electric vehicle) corresponding to sudden acceleration that accelerates the deterioration of the battery 300. Specifically, a test for investigating the correlation between the acceleration and the degree of deterioration of the battery 300 is performed on the manufacturer side of the battery 300 or the supplier side of the battery exchange stand, and an appropriate value is determined based on the test result. It is done.

  In this way, after the customer ID of customer Y and the preset threshold excess count are associated and written in storage unit 304 of battery 300, battery 300 is attached to electric vehicle of customer Y.

(Processing while the battery 300 is mounted on the electric vehicle)
While the battery 300 is mounted on the electric vehicle, the acceleration of the electric vehicle is output from the acceleration sensor 303, while the control unit 305 monitors the acceleration output from the acceleration sensor 303 and compares the acceleration with a threshold value. To do.

  When the control unit 305 detects that the acceleration has changed from a value equal to or less than the threshold value to a value exceeding the threshold value, the control unit 305 accesses the storage unit 304 and adds 1 to the number of times the threshold is exceeded stored in the storage unit 304 (increment). ) Note that the threshold excess count is initially set to zero when the battery 300 is attached to the electric vehicle of the customer Y. Therefore, the threshold excess count stored in the storage unit 304 is the threshold excess count from the time when the battery 300 is attached to the electric vehicle of the customer Y to the present time.

(Communication processing for the battery that is removed from the electric vehicle and collected (returned))
It is assumed that the remaining amount of the battery 300 mounted on the electric vehicle of the customer Y becomes small, and the customer Y enters the battery exchange station for battery replacement. When the customer Y enters the store, the communication device 200 inputs the customer ID of the customer Y by causing the ID input unit 202 to read the membership card of the customer Y, or is attached to the electric vehicle of the customer Y in the battery replacement work. As described above, the customer ID of the customer Y is written in the charged battery to be charged.

  When the battery 300 is removed from the electric vehicle of the customer Y and collected by the battery exchange operation, the collected battery 300 is placed at a predetermined communication position of the communication device 200. When the collected battery 300 is placed at the communication position, the control unit 203 of the communication device 200 transmits a transmission request command for information stored in the battery 300 to the battery 300 side via the wireless communication unit 201. . Note that the control unit 203 can determine whether or not the battery 300 placed at a predetermined communication position is a collected battery based on whether or not the customer ID is stored in the storage unit 304 of the battery. it can. That is, when the customer ID is stored in the storage unit 304 of the battery 300 placed at a predetermined communication position, the control unit 203 determines that the battery 300 is a collected battery.

  When receiving the transmission request command via the wireless communication unit 302, the control unit 305 of the battery 300 reads the customer ID and the number of times the threshold is exceeded stored in the storage unit 304 in association with each other. Then, the control unit 305 transmits the read customer ID and the threshold excess count to the communication device 200 via the wireless communication unit 302. After the end of the transmission, the control unit 305 deletes the customer ID and the threshold excess count stored in the storage unit 304.

  Based on RTC (real time clock), the control unit 203 of the communication apparatus 200 detects the date and time when the customer ID and the threshold excess count are received from the battery 300 as the battery replacement date and the battery replacement date and time, the customer ID, and the threshold excess Information associated with the number of times is temporarily written in the storage unit 204 as threshold excess information.

  Thus, each time the battery replacement work is performed, the communication device 200 of the battery exchange station uses the customer ID of the customer (member) who is the target of the battery replacement work and the battery collected in the battery replacement work as the battery replacement work. It is possible to detect in association with the number of times the acceleration of the electric vehicle exceeds the threshold during the period of being mounted on the target electric vehicle.

  Then, the control unit 203 reads out the threshold excess information in which the battery replacement date / time, the customer ID, and the threshold excess count are associated with each other from the storage unit 204 and transmits the information to the price setting device 400.

(About the price setting device 400)
Next, the configuration of the price setting device (exchange price setting device) 400 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the price setting device 400 includes an information processing unit 401, a storage unit 402, and a display unit 403.

  The information processing unit 401 is a computer including a processor, a RAM, a ROM, and the like. For example, a general-purpose personal computer can be used. The storage unit 402 is a hard disk or a semiconductor memory that stores information handled by the information processing unit 401. Note that the storage unit 402 may be externally attached to the information processing unit 401 or may be incorporated in the information processing unit 401. The display unit 403 is a device that displays an image indicating information processed by the information processing unit 401, and examples thereof include a liquid crystal display and an organic EL display.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating detailed configurations of the information processing unit 401 and the storage unit 402. Note that the information processing unit 401 is hardware, but each of the blocks 601 to 605 included in the information processing unit 401 is a functional block indicating a function of software executed by the information processing unit 401.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the information processing unit 401 includes at least a DB processing unit (database processing unit) 601, a usage acquisition unit 602, a class classification unit 603, a price setting unit 604, and a display control unit 605. . As shown in FIG. 2, the storage unit 402 stores and stores a threshold excess count DB (threshold excess count database) 750, a usage table 800, and a price setting table 850.

  The information processing unit 401 in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 sets the price of threshold excess information (threshold excess information indicating a customer ID that is a target of the battery replacement work) from the communication device 200 when the battery replacement work is performed. When sent to the apparatus 400, the battery replacement price applied to the battery replacement work is set and displayed on the display unit 403. In other words, the information processing unit 401 sets the battery replacement price applied to the customer with the customer ID indicated in the threshold excess information sent from the communication device 200 and displays it on the display unit 403.

  Hereinafter, processing of each block included in the information processing unit 401 will be described in detail. In the following, since the battery replacement price applied to the customer with the customer ID indicated in the threshold excess information input to the information processing unit 401 is set, the threshold excess information input to the information processing unit 401 is set. The displayed customer ID is referred to as “processing target customer ID”, and the processing target customer ID customer is referred to as “processing target customer”.

  First, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the information processing unit 401 inputs threshold excess information (threshold excess information indicated by a processing target customer ID) transmitted to the price setting device 400. The DB processing unit 601 is a block that performs processing for updating the threshold excess number DB 750 stored in the storage unit 402 with reference to the input threshold excess information. Hereinafter, the threshold excess number DB 750 and the processing of the DB processing unit 601 will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing data (table) corresponding to the customer whose customer ID is 0001 in the threshold excess number DB 750 stored in the storage unit 402. The threshold excess number DB 750 is a database in which a table showing a correspondence relationship between the battery replacement date and the threshold excess number (the threshold excess number acquired from the collected battery during the battery replacement operation) for each battery replacement operation is recorded for each customer. In FIG. 3, only a table corresponding to the customer ID 0001 is shown, but of course, the threshold excess count DB 750 includes the customer IDs of all other customers contracted with the battery exchange station supplier. The same table as FIG. 3 is shown for each customer ID.

  The DB processing unit 601 refers to the threshold excess information input to the information processing unit 401 and updates the threshold excess number DB 750.

  Specifically, when the threshold excess information is input, the DB processing unit 601 includes, among the customer IDs registered in the threshold excess count DB 750, the customer ID (processing target) indicated in the threshold excess information. A table associated with the same customer ID as the customer ID) is accessed. The DB processing unit 601 adds a correspondence relationship between the battery replacement date and time and the number of times the threshold is exceeded indicated in the input threshold value excess information to the accessed table. In this way, the threshold excess number DB 750 stored in the storage unit 402 is updated.

  In the threshold excess number DB 750 shown in FIG. 3, each threshold excess number associated with each battery replacement date is the electric vehicle in which the battery collected by the battery replacement operation at each battery replacement date is the target of the battery replacement operation. Indicates the number of times the acceleration threshold of the electric vehicle has been exceeded while it was mounted on the vehicle.

  When the DB processing unit 601 finishes updating the threshold excess count DB 750, the DB processing unit 601 transmits a process execution command to the usage acquisition unit 602.

  When receiving the processing execution command from the DB processing unit 601, the usage acquiring unit 602 refers to the threshold excess number DB 750 stored in the storage unit 402, and determines the early deterioration usage of the customer (customer ID) to be processed. The feature quantity shown is calculated. Then, the usage acquisition unit 602 updates the usage table 800 stored in the storage unit 402 based on the calculation result. Hereinafter, the usage table and the processing of the usage acquisition unit 602 will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a usage table 800 stored in the storage unit 402. The usage table 800 includes a customer ID of a customer who has contracted with a battery exchange station contractor for a predetermined number of times so far, and an early deterioration of the customer of the customer ID. It is the table which showed the correspondence with the feature-value which shows a use degree. In the present embodiment, the predetermined number of times is set to 100 times, but is not particularly limited to 100 times.

  The feature amount calculated by the usage acquisition unit 602 is a value obtained for each customer, and is an early stage in which the customer uses the electric vehicle in a usage mode that causes the battery to progress more rapidly. The level of deterioration usage is quantified. The early deterioration usage will be described below.

  The speed of battery deterioration greatly varies depending on how the electric vehicle is used. For example, in a customer who often uses an electric vehicle in a usage mode such as sudden acceleration or sudden start, the load on the battery and the impact transmitted to the battery become large, and the progress of the deterioration of the battery is accelerated.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, for each customer, the total value of the number of times that the threshold has been exceeded (the number of times the acceleration has exceeded the threshold) detected by the most recent predetermined number of times (100 times) of battery replacement work is calculated as early deterioration usage. It is obtained as a feature quantity to be shown. The total value indicates the frequency of sudden acceleration or sudden start when the customer operates for a predetermined amount of operation (the amount of operation required to replace the battery a predetermined number of times). Because it can be said.

  Next, taking a case where the customer ID to be processed is 0001 as an example, a method for obtaining the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage will be described.

  First, when the usage acquisition unit 602 receives a process execution command from the DB processing unit 601, the usage acquisition unit 602 accesses the table associated with the customer ID (0001) to be processed in the threshold excess number DB 750, and determines the most recent predetermined value. The total value of the threshold excess times detected in the battery replacement work for the number of times (100 times) is obtained. For example, in FIG. 3, the battery replacement date and time of January 31, 2015 is the latest battery replacement task, and the battery replacement date from February 22, 2014 to the battery replacement date of January 31, 2015 It is assumed that the number of replacement operations until the battery replacement operation is 100. In this case, the usage acquisition unit 602 performs the battery replacement work 100 times (predetermined number of times) from the battery replacement date / time on February 22, 2014 to the battery replacement date / time on January 31, 2015. The total value of the number of times of exceeding the threshold detected in this way is obtained, and this total value is used as a feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage of the customer to be processed (customer with customer ID 0001).

  When obtaining the feature quantity of the customer to be processed, the usage acquisition unit 602 accesses the usage table 800 shown in FIG. 4 and indicates the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage associated with the customer ID of the process target. Is updated to the obtained value. In this way, the usage table 800 is updated.

  The usage acquisition unit 602 performs the above-described process each time the threshold value excess information is input to the information processing unit 401, whereby the customer ID (processing target customer ID) indicated in the input threshold value excess information. The feature amount associated with is updated.

  As a result, each feature amount associated with each customer ID shown in the usage table 800 of FIG. 4 is the number of times of exceeding the threshold detected by the battery replacement operation most recently (100 times) for each customer. This indicates the total value of the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold. Note that the number of times the threshold is exceeded indicates the value of the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold, and can be said to be a threshold excess value.

  The usage table 800 in FIG. 4 lists correspondence relationships between customer IDs of customers whose past battery replacement count is a predetermined number or more and feature quantities indicating early deterioration usage, and the past battery replacement count is predetermined. The correspondence relationship between the customer ID of the customer less than the number of times and the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage is not listed.

  That is, even when the usage acquisition unit 602 receives a process execution command from the DB processing unit 601, in the threshold excess count DB 750, information on the number of battery replacements equal to or greater than the predetermined number of times is associated with the customer ID to be processed. If not, the update process of the usage table 800 is skipped without obtaining the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage.

  Further, when the usage acquisition unit 602 receives a processing execution command from the DB processing unit 601, in the threshold excess number DB 750, information on the number of battery replacements that is exactly the predetermined number of times is associated with the customer ID to be processed. If it is determined that the number of battery replacements in the past has reached a predetermined number, the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage of the customer to be processed is calculated. Then, the usage level acquisition unit 602 adds the correspondence between the processing target customer ID and the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage level to the usage level table 800 of FIG. 4, thereby updating the usage level table 800. Is supposed to do.

  When the usage acquisition unit 602 finishes the update process of the usage table 800, the usage acquisition unit 602 transmits a process execution instruction to the class classification unit 603. If the usage table 800 update process is skipped (when the number of past battery replacements of the customer to be processed does not satisfy the predetermined number), the usage level acquisition unit 602 sends a process execution command to the class classification unit 603. A process execution command is transmitted to the price setting unit 604 without transmission.

  Next, the class classification unit 603 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. When the class classification unit 603 receives a process execution instruction from the usage acquisition unit 602 (when the usage table 800 is updated), the class classification unit 603 is assigned to one of three classes having different battery replacement prices. The customers of the customer ID to be processed are classified.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a price setting table 850 showing the relationship between each class and the battery replacement price of each class is stored in the storage unit 402 in advance. In the present embodiment, a standard class in which a reference price is set, a low deterioration class having a lower price than the reference price, and a high deterioration class having a higher price than the reference price are set in advance by a contractor. The price is also predetermined by the contractor. Hereinafter, the processing of the class classification unit 603 will be described in detail.

  First, the class classification unit 603 refers to the usage table 800 stored in the storage unit 402, sets the customers of the customer IDs shown in the usage table 800 as a population, and features that indicate early deterioration usage. A histogram (frequency distribution) is created with the number of customers as the class and the number of customers as the frequency. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a histogram created by the class classification unit 603.

  Subsequently, the class classification unit 603 sets the range of each class indicated in the price setting table 850 with reference to the created histogram. Specifically, the class classification unit 603 obtains an average value (μ) and a standard deviation (σ) of feature amounts indicating the early deterioration usage of the created histogram. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the class classification unit 603 sets the range of the characteristic amount indicating the early deterioration usage as μ ± σ as the standard class range (predetermined range), and the characteristic amount indicating the early deterioration usage as μ + σ. A range exceeding the above is defined as a high degradation class range, and a range in which the feature amount indicating the early degradation usage is less than μ−σ is defined as a low degradation class range.

  Then, the class classification unit 603 classifies the customer with the processing target customer ID into one of the classes. That is, in the usage table 800 of the storage unit 402, if the feature amount associated with the processing target customer ID is in the range of μ ± σ, the processing target customer is classified into the standard class. When the feature amount associated with the processing target customer ID exceeds μ + σ, the processing target customer is classified into the high deterioration class, and the feature amount associated with the processing target customer ID is μ−. If it is less than σ, the customer to be processed is classified into the low degradation class.

  When the class classification unit 603 finishes the class classification process for the customer to be processed, the class classification unit 603 transmits a process execution command to the price setting unit 604.

  Next, the price setting unit 604 shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The price setting unit 604 refers to the price setting table 850 (FIG. 6) in the storage unit 402 and sets the battery replacement price applied to the customer to be processed. The processing of the price setting unit 604 will be described in detail below.

  First, when the price setting unit 604 receives a process execution command from the usage acquisition unit 602 (when the past battery replacement work of the customer to be processed is less than 100 times), the standard class shown in FIG. The battery replacement price is set as the battery replacement price applied to the customer to be processed.

  Further, when the price setting unit 604 receives a process execution command from the class classification unit 603 (when the battery replacement work of the customer to be processed is 100 times or more), based on the price setting table 850 in FIG. The price associated with the class in which the customer to be processed is classified by the class classification unit 603 is set as the battery replacement price applied to the customer to be processed. That is, when the customer to be processed is classified into the standard class by the class classification unit 603, 80 yen / time is set. When the customer to be processed is classified into the low degradation class by the class classification unit 603, 64 yen / time is set. Is set to 96 yen / time when the class classification unit 603 classifies the customer to be processed as a highly deteriorated class.

  As a result, a customer who has performed battery replacement work 100 times or more is classified into a low degradation class, a standard class, or a high degradation class according to the customer's early degradation usage, and classified into the classified class. The applied battery replacement price will be set. On the other hand, a standard class battery replacement price is set for a customer whose past battery replacement work is less than 100 times.

  After setting the battery replacement price of the customer to be processed, the price setting unit 604 transmits the set battery replacement price to the display control unit 605. Then, the display control unit 605 causes the display unit 403 to display the customer ID of the customer to be processed and the battery replacement price sent from the price setting unit 604 in association with each other. A customer name corresponding to the customer ID may be displayed instead of the customer ID.

  Thereby, when the battery replacement work is performed, when the threshold excess information indicating the customer ID of the customer who is the target of the battery replacement work is sent from the communication device 200 to the price setting device 400, the price setting device 400 The display unit 403 displays the battery replacement price of the customer with the customer ID indicated in the threshold value excess information. The worker of the battery exchange station charges the customer for the battery replacement price displayed on the display unit 403.

(About the processing flow of the price setting device 400)
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the price setting device 400 of the present embodiment.
First, when the battery replacement operation is performed, the DB processing unit 601 updates the threshold excess number DB 750 with reference to the threshold excess information input to the information processing unit 401 (S1). Thereby, for each customer ID, a threshold excess number DB 750 as shown in FIG. 3 is constructed.

  Next, the usage acquisition unit 602 determines whether or not the information on the number of battery replacements equal to or greater than the predetermined number (100 times) is associated with the customer ID (0001) to be processed in the threshold excess number DB 750. (S2).

  When the number of battery replacements is less than the predetermined number (No in S2), the price setting unit 604 sets a standard class battery replacement price for the customer to be processed (S3).

  On the other hand, if the number of battery replacements is equal to or greater than the predetermined number of times (Yes in S2), the class classification unit 603 uses the customer IDs shown in the usage table 800 as a population, and features that indicate early deterioration usage. Is created as a class and the number of customers as a frequency (see FIG. 5), and the range of each class shown in the price setting table 850 is set with reference to the created histogram. And the class classification | category part 603 specifies the class to which the feature-value matched with the customer ID of a process target belongs (S4).

  Thereafter, the price setting unit 604 sets the price associated with the class in which the processing target customer is classified by the class classification unit 603 as the battery replacement price applied to the processing target customer (S5).

  Then, the price setting unit 604 sets the battery replacement price of the customer to be processed, transmits the set battery replacement price to the display control unit 605, and the set battery replacement price is displayed on the display unit 403. (S6).

  According to the embodiment described above, the price setting unit 604 sets the battery replacement price of the standard class customer higher than that of the low deterioration class customer, and the high deterioration class customer than the standard class customer. The battery replacement price is set high. That is, the price setting unit 604 is configured to set the battery replacement price relatively high for customers with relatively high early deterioration usage.

  As a result, the battery replacement price can be set higher for the customers who use the electric vehicle in such a usage mode that the deterioration of the battery is accelerated, and from the side of the battery replacement station supplier, It becomes possible to pass on to the customer the economic loss caused by the customer who uses the electric vehicle in such a usage mode that the deterioration progresses faster.

  In addition, there is a merit that unfairness in price between a customer who uses an electric vehicle in a usage mode in which the deterioration of the battery is accelerated and a customer who is not so can be corrected.

  In addition, the presence of the customer having a high early deterioration usage rate causes the early deterioration of the battery owned by the battery exchange station. On the contrary, the presence of the customer having a low early deterioration usage amount is determined by the battery held by the battery exchange station. This is a factor that suppresses early deterioration of the product (a factor for extending the service life). In this regard, according to the present embodiment, by setting the battery replacement price lower than the standard class customer to which the reference price is applied for the customer of the low deterioration class (the customer having the low early deterioration usage rate), The incentive of discounting can be given, and there is a merit that early deterioration suppression of the stored battery can be promoted.

  The electric vehicle according to the present embodiment refers to a vehicle that requires charging from an external power source other than the electric vehicle to a battery that supplies electric power to the wheel driving motor. In other words, the electric vehicle according to the present embodiment has an electric vehicle in which wheels are driven only by a motor without mounting an engine, and a battery that drives wheels by an engine and a motor and supplies electric power to the motor. This includes hybrid vehicles that require charging from external power sources other than automobiles. Needless to say, the electric vehicle according to the present embodiment includes not only a four-wheeled vehicle but also a three-wheeled vehicle (for example, an electric tuk tuk), a two-wheeled vehicle (for example, an electric motorcycle or an electrically assisted bicycle), and the like.

(Modification)
The above-mentioned feature amount is a numerical value of the level of early deterioration usage, which is the degree (degree) that the customer used the electric vehicle in a usage mode that becomes a factor that accelerates the progress of battery deterioration. In the embodiment, the value of the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold value is used as it is as a feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage. Here, the larger the value of the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold value, the higher the degree of use of the electric vehicle by the customer in a usage mode that causes the battery to progress more rapidly. That is, as in the above-described embodiment, when the acceleration threshold excess count is used as the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage, as the feature amount value increases, the early deterioration usage rate increases and the feature amount value decreases. The early deterioration usage is lower. On the other hand, a numerical value that decreases as the degree to which the customer uses the electric vehicle in a usage mode that causes the battery deterioration to be accelerated is also used as a feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage. Is possible. That is, as the feature value decreases, the early deterioration usage increases. In this case, a range having a smaller feature value than the standard class is a high degradation class, and a range having a larger value than the standard class is a low degradation class. For example, when the reciprocal of the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold value is used as the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage, the early deterioration usage becomes lower as the feature value increases, and the earlier deterioration as the feature value decreases. Increases usage.

  In the present embodiment, a method of setting the μ ± σ range as the standard class in the histogram of FIG. 5 is adopted, so that the respective ranges of the low degradation class, the standard class, and the high degradation class can be set in a balanced manner. . However, the setting of the class range is not limited to the above method. For example, in the histogram of FIG. 5, the range of μ ± 2σ may be set as the standard class, and the range of μ ± 0.5σ may be set as the standard class. Alternatively, representative values other than the average value (μ) (for example, mode, median, etc.) are obtained, and the range of the representative value ± σ may be set as a standard class, or the range of the representative value ± 2σ is set as a standard class. Alternatively, the range of the representative value ± 0.5σ may be a standard class. In addition, the class range can be set without using the standard deviation. For example, a first predetermined value and a second predetermined value that are larger than the minimum value of the feature amount and smaller than the maximum value are set (where the first predetermined value is not equal to the second predetermined value), and the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value are It is good also as the range of a standard class between. In this case, for example, a value obtained by adding the minimum value and the average value of the feature amount and dividing by 2 is used as the first predetermined value, and the maximum value and the average value of the feature amount are added as the second predetermined value. The value divided by 2 can be used. Alternatively, the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the feature amount is obtained, and a value obtained by multiplying the difference by 1/3 and the minimum value is set as a first predetermined value, and the difference is multiplied by 2/3. A value obtained by adding the value and the minimum value may be set as the second predetermined value. In any case, a range having a higher feature quantity than the standard class is a high degradation class, and a range having a feature quantity lower than the standard class is a low degradation class.

  In the above embodiment, three classes of a low deterioration class, a standard class, and a high deterioration class are set. However, the number of classes is not limited to three, and is limited to at least two. It is not something. That is, if the number of classes is set to at least 2 or more, a relatively high battery replacement price can be set for a customer having a relatively high early deterioration usage indicated by the feature amount.

  Further, according to the above embodiment, when the battery is replaced, only one of the battery replacement prices shown in FIG. 6 is charged to the customer. Of course, the battery replacement price may be a basic charge, and the total amount of the basic charge and the additional charge may be charged to the customer. For example, in a battery exchange station, power consumption is usually required while a battery is lent every time the battery is exchanged, and the total amount of the additional fee according to the power consumption and the basic fee is imposed on the customer. It may be.

  In addition, according to the above embodiment, each time a battery is replaced, the battery replacement price of the customer to be replaced is set. The battery replacement price may be periodically calculated and stored in the storage unit 402, and the battery replacement price of each customer may be read from the storage unit 402 when each customer replaces the battery. Even in this case, every time threshold excess information is input to the information processing unit 401, the threshold excess count DB 750 is updated by the DB processing unit 601, and the usage table 800 is updated by the usage acquisition unit 602. It is like that. However, the class classification unit 603 and the price setting unit 604 perform processing periodically (for example, every month), not when the threshold excess information is input to the information processing unit 401. Specifically, the class classification unit 603 periodically creates the histogram of FIG. 5 using the information recorded in the usage table 800 as a population, and the price setting unit 604 uses the histogram to use the histogram. For all customers with customer IDs recorded in the degree table 800, the classification is performed and the battery replacement price is set. The price setting unit 604 sets a standard class battery replacement price for a customer with a customer ID that is not recorded in the usage table 800 (a customer whose past battery replacement count is less than 100). A table in which the battery replacement price set in this way and the customer ID are associated with each other is stored in the storage unit 402, and charging is performed using the table when battery replacement is performed.

  Moreover, although the above embodiment is configured on the premise of a single battery exchange station, of course, the present invention is also applicable to a case where a single supplier operates a plurality of battery exchange stations (chain stores). It is possible to apply the embodiment. For example, the communication device 200 is installed at each battery exchange station, and the price setting device 400 connected to each communication device 200 is installed at the head office (business office) of the supplier. In addition, a display unit is installed in the communication device 200 of each battery exchange station. Each time the battery exchange operation is performed at each battery exchange station, the threshold value excess information is transmitted from the communication device 200 of each battery exchange station to the price setting device 400, and the price setting device 400 that has received the threshold value excess information is processed. The battery replacement price of the target customer (customer ID customer indicated in the threshold excess information) is obtained, and the battery replacement price is returned from the price setting device 400 to the communication device 200 (transmission source of the threshold excess information). Then, the communication device 200 causes the display unit 403 to display the returned battery replacement price.

  The battery exchange operation at the battery exchange station may be performed by a known battery exchange robot (for example, Patent Document 1), a known battery exchange system (for example, Patent Document 2), or may be performed manually. . Note that when the battery exchange operation is performed by the battery exchange robot or the battery exchange system, the communication device 200 may be incorporated in the battery exchange robot or the battery exchange system.

  Moreover, in the above embodiment, the total value of the number of times of exceeding the threshold (the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold) detected by the most recent predetermined number of times (100 times) of battery replacement work is used as the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage. However, instead of the number of times that the acceleration exceeds the threshold value, the number of times that the speed exceeds the threshold value may be set as the number of times the threshold value is exceeded. In this case, a speed sensor is used instead of the acceleration sensor 303.

  Further, the battery 300 side does not measure the number of times the acceleration or speed exceeds the threshold, but measures the length of time that the acceleration or speed exceeds the threshold (threshold excess period). When replacing the battery, the threshold excess period may be acquired instead of the threshold excess count. In this case, the threshold excess information sent from the communication apparatus 200 to the price setting device 400 indicates the threshold excess period instead of the threshold excess count, and the storage unit 402 stores not the threshold excess count DB 750 but the battery replacement date and threshold and A threshold excess period database in which a table showing the correspondence relationship with the excess period is shown for each customer ID is stored. Then, the usage level acquisition unit 602 uses the total value of the threshold excess periods detected by the most recent predetermined number of times (100 times) of battery replacement work as a feature value indicating the early deterioration usage level. However, in the case of speed and acceleration, it is preferable to use the number of times of exceeding the threshold rather than using the threshold excess period.

  The threshold excess period indicates the value of the length of time that the acceleration exceeds the threshold, and can be said to be a threshold excess value.

  In addition, the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage is not speed or acceleration, but information on the physical load applied to the battery 300, information on the environment of the battery 300, and information on the electrical energy output from the battery 300. It may be determined using at least one. This is because the physical load applied to the battery, the environment of the battery, and the electrical energy output from the battery are related to usage modes that cause the battery to progress more rapidly.

  For example, the temperature or humidity may be used as the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage. This is because when the ambient temperature or ambient humidity is an abnormal value (for example, high temperature, low temperature, etc.), the battery progresses faster. In this case, the number of times that the ambient temperature or ambient humidity of the battery has exceeded the threshold value may be used. However, the time during which the ambient temperature or ambient humidity of the battery exceeds the threshold value (the threshold excess period) is obtained, It is preferable to use the excess period. For example, a temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature of the battery or a humidity sensor that detects the ambient humidity of the battery is mounted on the battery 300, and the control unit 305 is the time during which the ambient temperature or ambient humidity exceeds the threshold (the threshold is exceeded). Period) is recorded in the storage unit 304. The communication apparatus 200 acquires the threshold excess period instead of the threshold excess count when replacing the battery, and the threshold excess information sent from the communication apparatus 200 to the price setting apparatus 400 includes the threshold excess count. The threshold excess period is indicated, and the storage unit 402 stores not the threshold excess count DB 750 but a threshold excess period database in which a table indicating the correspondence between the battery replacement date and the threshold excess period is shown for each customer ID. The Then, the usage level acquisition unit 602 uses the total value of the threshold excess periods detected by the most recent predetermined number of times (100 times) of battery replacement work as a feature value indicating the early deterioration usage level.

  Moreover, as output values other than speed, acceleration, temperature, and humidity, output values of impact sensors (vibration sensors) can be cited. This is because the battery is deteriorated (damaged) by an impact. For example, the impact sensor is mounted on the battery 300, the control unit 305 records the number of times that the impact sensor output value has exceeded the threshold value in the storage unit 304, and the early deterioration usage is determined using the number of times the threshold value is exceeded. You may obtain | require the feature-value to show.

  Moreover, the illumination sensor which detects the illumination intensity of the surface of an electric vehicle is mounted in the electric vehicle, and when the battery 300 is mounted in an electric vehicle, the control part 305 and the illuminance sensor of the battery 300 are connected. In this case, the early deterioration usage may be obtained using the output value of the illuminance sensor. This is because if the electric vehicle is in an environment with a large amount of sunlight, the ambient temperature of the battery becomes high and the battery tends to deteriorate. For example, the length of time that the output value of the illuminance sensor exceeds the threshold (threshold excess period) may be recorded in the battery, and the feature quantity indicating the early deterioration usage may be obtained using the threshold excess period.

  In addition, using the current value or power value output from the cell 301 of the battery 300, a feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage may be obtained. This is because the current or power output from the battery 300 increases when performing rapid acceleration or rapid start that easily causes deterioration of the battery 300. In this case, the battery 300 includes a current sensor that measures a current value output from the cell 301 or a power sensor that measures a power value output from the cell 301. Then, the control unit 305 of the battery 300 records in the storage unit 304 the number of times that the output value (current value or power value) of the current sensor or power sensor has exceeded the threshold, and uses the number of times that the threshold has been exceeded to cause early deterioration. A feature amount indicating the degree of use may be obtained.

  In addition to the first form in which the normal value that is a value smaller than the threshold changes to an abnormal value that is larger than the threshold, the normal value that is larger than the threshold is smaller than the threshold. A second form that changes to an abnormal value is also included. As the first form, the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold of the present embodiment can be mentioned. As a second form, there is a case where the threshold excess period is set while the ambient temperature of the battery is lower than the threshold.

  Moreover, you may calculate the feature-value which shows an early deterioration usage degree using several types of value. For example, a value obtained by adding the number of times the acceleration exceeds the threshold value and the number of times the impact sensor output exceeds the threshold value may be used as the feature amount indicating the early deterioration usage.

  In the above embodiment, the threshold excess information is transmitted from the communication device 200 to the price setting device 400 each time the battery is replaced. However, the threshold excess information is transmitted from the communication device 200 to the price setting device 400. Instead of transmitting to the operator, the operator may input the threshold excess number and the customer ID into the price setting device 400, and the price setting device 400 may generate the threshold excess information. For example, the customer ID is not recorded in the storage unit 304 of the battery 300, and the number of times the threshold is exceeded is stored. The battery 300 is configured with a display unit that displays the number of times the threshold is exceeded recorded in the storage unit 304. When the battery 300 is removed by battery replacement work, the operator displays the threshold value displayed on the display unit. After confirming the excess number, a command to reset the threshold excess number recorded in the storage unit 304 is input to the battery 300. Then, the operator inputs the customer ID of the customer who is the object of the battery replacement work and the number of times the threshold is exceeded into the price setting device 400. The price setting device 400 recognizes the input date / time as the battery replacement date / time, generates the threshold excess information by associating the battery replacement date / time with the input customer ID and the input threshold excess count, Processing is performed based on this (that is, the communication device 200 is not necessary in this embodiment).

[Embodiment 2]
The battery replacement price applied to each of the standard class, the low deterioration class, and the high deterioration class is determined in advance and recorded in the price setting table 850. Here, each battery shown in the price setting table 850 in FIG. An exchange price determination method (calculation method) will be described.

  When calculating the battery replacement price, a “deterioration parameter” indicating the progress (degree) of battery deterioration is used. First, the deterioration parameter will be described. Normally, the current SOH is recorded in each battery used in the battery exchange station. SOH is a value indicating (current full charge capacity / initial full charge capacity) as a percentage (%). Therefore, a value obtained by subtracting SOH from 100 can be used as a deterioration parameter indicating the current degree of deterioration of the battery. A battery having a degradation parameter value of 0 is a new battery, and the degradation parameter value increases as the degree of degradation increases (as degradation progresses).

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the battery 300 according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the battery 300 includes an SOH measurement unit 306 in addition to the components described in the first embodiment. The SOH measurement unit 306 is a measurement device that measures the SOH of the battery 300 at a predetermined timing such as when the electric vehicle is activated.

  When the SOH measurement unit 306 measures SOH (%), the control unit 305 calculates the value of the degradation parameter from the SOH. The value (%) of the deterioration parameter is a value obtained by subtracting SOH from 100. The control unit 305 overwrites the obtained deterioration parameter value in the storage unit 304 (that is, the deterioration parameter stored in the storage unit 304 is always updated to the latest value).

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the storage unit 304 of the battery 300 stores a battery ID, an introduction date, and the number of times of charging in addition to the deterioration parameter value. This point will be described below.

  When the battery 300 is introduced into the battery exchange station, the battery 300 is placed at a predetermined communication position of the communication device 200, and the battery ID (battery identification information) and the introduction date (battery introduction) are transferred from the communication device 200 to the battery 300. Date) is sent. The control unit 305 stores the received battery ID and introduction date in the storage unit 304. While the battery 300 continues to be used at the battery exchange station, the battery ID and the date of introduction are continuously stored in the storage unit 304.

  Further, when the battery 300 is removed from the electric vehicle and collected by battery replacement work, the battery 300 is connected to a charging device (not shown) and is charged. At this time, when the battery 300 is connected to the charging device and charging is performed, the control unit 305 adds (increments) 1 to the number of times of charging stored in the storage unit 304. As a result, the total charge count of the battery 300 is always recorded in the storage unit 304.

  Next, processing performed between the collected battery 300 and the communication device 200 after the battery 300 is removed from the electric vehicle and collected by battery replacement work will be described. When the battery 300 is removed from the electric vehicle and collected by battery replacement work, the battery 300 is placed at a predetermined communication position of the communication device 200 as in the first embodiment. When the collected battery 300 is placed at the communication position, the control unit 203 of the communication device 200 transmits a transmission request command for information stored in the battery 300 to the battery 300 side via the wireless communication unit 201. .

  When receiving the transmission request command, the control unit 305 of the battery 300 transmits the customer ID and the threshold excess count to the communication device 200 as in the first embodiment.

  In addition, the control unit 305 that has received the transmission request command, based on the RTC (real time clock) and the introduction date stored in the storage unit 304, for a predetermined period (two years in this embodiment) from the introduction date. Two-year progress determination processing is performed to determine whether or not the time has passed. If the control unit 305 determines that the predetermined period has not elapsed, the control unit 305 ends the process.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the predetermined period has elapsed, the control unit 305 reads the battery ID, the value of the deterioration parameter, the date of introduction, and the number of times of charging from the storage unit 304, and the read battery ID and the deterioration parameter. Battery information transmission processing for transmitting battery information in which the value, the date of introduction, and the number of times of charging are associated with each other to the communication device 200 is performed. Note that after the battery information transmission process has been performed even once, the control unit 305 may receive the transmission request command from the communication device 200 in the next and subsequent battery replacement operations, and the two-year elapsed determination process and the battery information transmission process. Do not do.

  When the battery information is sent from the battery 300 side to the communication device 200 side, the communication device 200 transfers the battery information to the price setting device 400.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating configurations of the information processing unit 401 and the storage unit 402 of the price setting device 400 according to the second embodiment.

  As illustrated in FIG. 9, the information processing unit 401 according to the second embodiment includes an information storage unit 801 and a price calculation unit 802. The storage unit 402 of the second embodiment stores a battery information DB (battery information database) 900 in addition to the price setting table 850 (see FIG. 6).

  Although omitted in FIG. 8 for convenience of explanation, in this embodiment as well as in the first embodiment, the information processing unit 401 includes the DB processing unit 601, the usage acquisition unit 602, and the like shown in FIG. A class classification unit 603, a price setting unit 604, and a display control unit 605 are provided, and the storage unit 402 stores a threshold excess number DB 750 and a usage table 800.

  The information storage unit 801 in FIG. 9 is a block that performs processing for storing battery information in the battery information DB 900 when battery information is transmitted from the communication device 200.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the battery information DB 900 stored in the storage unit 402. As shown in FIG. 10, the battery information DB 900 is a database in which battery information in which a battery ID, a deterioration parameter value, an introduction date, and the number of times of charging are associated is stored. That is, every time battery information is received from the communication device 200, the information storage unit 801 updates the battery information DB 900 by adding the received battery information to the battery information DB 900.

  In the battery information DB 900 shown in FIG. 10, the value of each deterioration parameter indicates the degree of deterioration when a predetermined period (two years) has elapsed since the battery with the battery ID associated with the value of the deterioration parameter is introduced. This means that the number of times of charging means the number of times of charging performed until a predetermined period (two years) elapses after the battery with the battery ID associated with the number of times of charging is introduced.

  Next, the price calculation unit 802 will be described. The price calculation unit 802 uses the battery information DB 900 periodically (for example, every year) to calculate the battery replacement price applied to each class (low degradation class, standard class, high degradation class), and set the price. It is a block that performs processing for updating the battery replacement price recorded in the table 850.

  Note that the timing at which the price calculation unit 802 performs processing may be, for example, 12:00 on January 1 of each year (in this case, processing is performed every year), or 1 of each month. It may be 12:00 of the day (in this case, processing is performed every month). The timing at which the price calculation unit 802 is processed is set by the operator of the price setting device 400.

  When the timing for processing is reached, the price calculation unit 802 extracts battery information of a predetermined number of batteries from the battery information DB 900 of FIG. In the present embodiment, the predetermined number is set to 100, but is not limited to 100, and can be changed as appropriate. The predetermined number may be set by the operator.

  Specifically, the price calculation unit 802 extracts battery information corresponding to a predetermined number (100) of batteries in the order from the date of introduction closer to the current time.

  When battery information corresponding to a predetermined number of batteries is extracted, the price calculation unit 802 obtains an average value of deterioration parameters and an average value of the number of times of charging indicated in the extracted battery information. That is, the average value of deterioration parameters with 100 data (hereinafter referred to as “deterioration average value”) and the average number of charging times with 100 data (hereinafter referred to as “charging average value”) Is required.

  For example, the price calculation unit 802 calculates an average value 20% of the deterioration parameter indicated by the 100 pieces of battery information extracted from the battery information DB 900 of FIG. 10 as the deterioration degree average value, and indicates the 100 pieces of battery information. The average number of charging times (average number of charging times) 600 times is calculated as the average number of charging times. This is because 100 batteries are deteriorated by 20% on average when a predetermined period (2 years) elapses from the introduction, and are charged 600 times on average until a predetermined period (2 years) elapses from the introduction. Means that is done.

  Subsequently, the price calculation unit 802 calculates a battery replacement price applied to each of the low deterioration class, the standard class, and the high deterioration class. Specifically, it is as follows.

First, the price calculation unit 802 calculates an average loss price due to deterioration for the batteries (predetermined number (100 batteries)) of the battery information extracted by the price calculation unit 802 using Expression a.
Average loss price = new battery price × average degradation degree Formula a
For example, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the batteries used at the battery exchange station are all the same type, and the new prices of all the batteries are 240,000 yen. In this case, if the average deterioration degree is 20%, the average loss price is 48,000 yen.

  Since the deterioration corresponding to this average loss price can be considered to have occurred during the average number of times of charging, the average loss price per charge (that is, per battery replacement) What is necessary is just to set it as the replacement price per battery replacement.

Therefore, the price calculation unit 802 obtains a reference price applied to the standard class of FIG.
Base price = Average loss price / Charge count average value Formula b
For example, when the average loss price is 48000 yen and the average number of times of charging is 600 times, 80 yen / time is calculated as the reference price.

Further, the price calculation unit 802 sets a value obtained by subtracting an amount obtained by multiplying the reference price by the average deterioration degree (%) from the reference price as a price applied to the low deterioration degree class. For example, when the base price is 80 yen / time and the average deterioration degree is 20%,
80 yen × 20% = 16 yen 80 yen−16 yen = 64 yen, and the battery replacement price applied to the low deterioration class is 64 yen.

Further, the price calculation unit 802 sets a value obtained by multiplying the reference price by the reference price multiplied by the average deterioration degree (%) to the reference price as the price applied to the high deterioration degree class. For example, when the base price is 80 yen / time and the average deterioration degree is 20%,
80 yen × 20% = 16 yen 80 yen + 16 yen = 96 yen, and the battery replacement price applied to the high deterioration class is 96 yen.

  In other words, the discount rate corresponding to the average degradation level (%) is applied to the low degradation class, while the premium rate corresponding to the average degradation ratio (%) is applied to the high degradation class. The amount of money discounted in the low deterioration class is transferred to the high deterioration class.

  The price calculation unit 802 overwrites the price setting table 850 of the storage unit 402 with the battery replacement price obtained as described above. Thereby, the battery replacement price of each class in the price setting table 850 (FIG. 6) of the storage unit 402 is periodically updated.

(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the battery replacement price is obtained by using the average deterioration degree, but the mode value of the deterioration parameter may be used instead of the average deterioration degree as shown in FIG. The median value of the deterioration parameter may be used. That is, it may be a representative value (average value, median value, mode value) of deterioration parameters indicating the degree of deterioration. Similarly, the number of times of charging is not limited to the average value, but may be a representative value.

  In the above embodiment, the battery information is transmitted from the battery 300 to the communication device 200, and the battery information is transmitted from the communication device 200 to the price setting device 400. Input to the device 400 may be performed. That is, the operator checks the date of introduction of the battery every time the battery is replaced, and extracts a battery that has passed two years since the introduction. The battery includes a display unit that displays the value of the deterioration parameter and the number of times of charging, and the operator confirms the value of the deterioration parameter and the number of times of charging from the display unit. Then, the operator inputs the battery ID of the battery, the date of introduction, the value of the deterioration parameter, and the number of times of charging into the price setting device 400. According to this configuration, the communication device 200 is not necessary.

  In the second embodiment, the batteries used at the battery exchange station are all the same type, and the new price of all the batteries was 240,000 yen. Of course, the battery is limited to such a form. is not. For example, there are several types of batteries used at the battery exchange station (however, the same customer continues to use the same type of battery), and the first and second embodiments can be applied even when the new price varies depending on the type of battery. It is. In this case, the processing of Embodiments 1 and 2 may be performed separately for each type of battery used. That is, in the second embodiment, the battery information DB 900 and the price setting table 850 are created for each battery type, and in the first embodiment, the threshold excess number DB 750 and the usage table 800 are created for each battery type, and the price is set. What is necessary is just to change the price setting table 850 used for a setting for every kind of battery.

Alternatively, a new price table indicating the relationship between the battery ID and the new battery price is stored in the storage unit 402, and the price calculation unit 802 stores the batteries of the battery information extracted by the price calculation unit 802 (predetermined number (100 The average loss price due to deterioration may be calculated using the following equation c instead of equation a.
Average loss price = Average value of new battery price x Average value of deterioration level Formula c
That is, the price calculation unit 802 reads each new price associated with each battery ID of a predetermined number of batteries extracted from the battery information DB 900 from the new price table, and calculates an average value of the read new prices. It has become. Then, a value obtained by multiplying the average value of the new price by the average value of the cheapness is set as the average loss price.

  Note that the mode value of the new battery price may be used instead of the average value of the new battery price, or the median value of the new battery price may be used. That is, it may be a representative value (average value, median value, mode value) of the new battery price.

  In addition, the formula for calculating the average loss price (loss price) (formulas a and c described above) is determined such that the amount of average loss price increases as the degree of deterioration indicated by the average value of deterioration becomes stronger (higher). Will be. By the way, the deterioration parameter is a value obtained by quantifying the degree of deterioration (degree of progress) of the battery 300. In the above description, the larger the value, the stronger the degree of deterioration of the battery (more progress). )). On the other hand, a deterioration parameter whose value becomes smaller as the degree of deterioration of the battery becomes stronger (higher) may be used. For example, the SOH value measured by the SOH measuring unit 306 can be used as it is as the deterioration parameter value. In this case, it is necessary to use another formula instead of using the formula a or the formula c. When the SOH value is used as the value of the deterioration parameter as it is, a value obtained by multiplying the predetermined amount by the reciprocal of the average value of the deterioration parameter may be used as an average loss price, or a value obtained by subtracting the average value of the deterioration parameter from 100 and a new product price. A value obtained by multiplying by may be used as the average loss price.

[About the program]
The information processing unit 401 may be realized by software using a processor (CPU), or may be realized by a logic circuit formed in an integrated circuit or the like. In the case of software, the information processing unit 401 includes a recording medium such as a ROM or a storage device in which a program that is the software is recorded so as to be readable by a computer (or CPU). The recording medium may be a “non-temporary tangible medium” such as a card, a disk, a semiconductor memory, or a programmable logic circuit. The program may be transmitted to the computer via any transmission medium (communication network, broadcast wave, etc.). Note that one embodiment of the present invention can also be realized in the form of a data signal embedded in a carrier wave, in which the program is embodied by electronic transmission.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used for a battery exchange station of an electric vehicle.

100 price setting system 400 price setting device (exchange price setting device)
401 Information processing unit 402 Storage unit 403 Display unit 601 DB processing unit (database processing unit)
602 Usage acquisition unit 603 Class classification unit 604 Price setting unit 605 Display control unit 750 Number of times exceeding threshold value DB (database)

Claims (12)

An exchange price setting device for setting an exchange price of a battery in a station for exchanging a battery of an electric vehicle,
A usage acquisition unit that obtains a feature amount for each customer that indicates a degree of early deterioration usage, which is the degree to which the electric vehicle is used in a usage mode that causes the battery to accelerate deterioration;
An exchange price setting device, comprising: a price setting unit that sets the exchange price relatively high for a customer having a relatively high early deterioration usage indicated by the feature amount.   The usage acquisition unit includes information indicating a physical load applied to the battery while each battery collected in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle, information on an environment of the battery, and the The exchange value setting device according to claim 1, wherein the feature amount is obtained by using at least one of pieces of information related to electric energy output from a battery.   The feature amount is that the acceleration or speed of the electric vehicle exceeded a threshold while each battery collected in each replacement operation was mounted on the electric vehicle when the replacement operation was performed a predetermined number of times. 3. The exchange price setting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the exchange price setting apparatus is a total value of threshold excess values indicating the number of times or the length of time.   The feature amount is such that the ambient temperature or ambient humidity of each battery exceeds the threshold while each battery collected in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle when the replacement operation is performed a predetermined number of times. 3. The exchange price setting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the replacement price setting device is a total value of threshold excess values indicating the number of times or the length of time.   The feature amount is a current value or power value output from each battery while each battery collected in each replacement operation is mounted on the electric vehicle when the replacement operation is performed a predetermined number of times. 3. The exchange price setting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the replacement price setting device is a total value of the threshold excess values indicating the number of times that the threshold is exceeded or the length of time. Each time the replacement work is performed, the threshold value excess value is associated with the identification information of the customer to be exchanged, and each replacement work is performed using the input threshold value excess information. A database processing unit for updating a database showing each threshold excess value for each customer while each battery input in is mounted on the electric vehicle,
The exchange price setting apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the usage degree obtaining unit obtains the total value for each customer with reference to the database. The standard amount of the feature amount in a predetermined range, the high deterioration class having a higher early deterioration usage rate indicated by the feature amount than the standard class, and the early deterioration usage amount indicated by the feature amount lower than the standard class. A class classification unit for classifying the customer into one of the low-degradation classes;
The price setting unit sets the replacement price higher than the standard class customer for the high deterioration class customer, and the replacement price than the standard class customer for the low deterioration class customer. The exchange price setting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the price is set low.   8. The predetermined range is set to a range of μ ± σ, where σ is a standard deviation of a frequency distribution in which the feature quantity is a class and the number of customers is a frequency and σ is an average value. Replacement price setting device as described in. An information storage unit that inputs, for each battery, a deterioration parameter indicating the degree of deterioration of the battery used for a predetermined period, and the number of times of charging in the predetermined period;
A representative value of the deterioration parameter and a representative value of the number of times of charging for a predetermined number of batteries are obtained, a loss price is obtained such that the amount of money increases as the degree of deterioration indicated by the representative value of the deterioration parameter increases, and the loss The exchange price setting device according to claim 7, further comprising: a price calculation unit that calculates a value obtained by dividing the price by the representative value of the number of times of charging as the exchange price applied to the standard class. . A replacement price setting method for setting a replacement price of a battery in a station that performs battery replacement work of an electric vehicle,
A usage acquisition step for obtaining a feature amount indicating a premature deterioration usage for each customer in a usage mode that is a factor that accelerates the progress of deterioration of the battery;
A price setting step for setting a relatively high replacement price for a customer having a relatively high early deterioration usage rate indicated by the feature amount.   A control program for causing a computer to function as each part of the exchange price setting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the control program of Claim 11.

Images