JP2016159065A - Electrodes for detecting brain waves - Google Patents

Electrodes for detecting brain waves Download PDF

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JP2016159065A
JP2016159065A JP2015043159A JP2015043159A JP2016159065A JP 2016159065 A JP2016159065 A JP 2016159065A JP 2015043159 A JP2015043159 A JP 2015043159A JP 2015043159 A JP2015043159 A JP 2015043159A JP 2016159065 A JP2016159065 A JP 2016159065A
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comb
members
base member
electroencephalogram detection
electroencephalogram
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佐野　嘉彦
Yoshihiko Sano
嘉彦 佐野
証英 原田
Tsukuhide Harada
証英 原田
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Nipro Corp
Harada Electronics Industry Co Ltd
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Nipro Corp
Harada Electronics Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2015043159A priority Critical patent/JP2016159065A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2016/056661 priority patent/WO2016140325A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/263—Bioelectric electrodes therefor characterised by the electrode materials
    • A61B5/265—Bioelectric electrodes therefor characterised by the electrode materials containing silver or silver chloride
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/291—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/296—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electromyography [EMG]

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide electrodes for detecting brain waves capable of detecting brain waves without being disturbed by the hair.SOLUTION: Provided are head-wearable electrodes for detecting brain waves, which comprises an electrically conductive base member and a plurality of comb-like electrically conductive members installed vertically on the base member, the plurality of comb-like members being arranged along the base member and in a direction in which the longitudinal direction thereof intersect the base member, and each of the plurality of comb-like members having a plurality of comb-tooth portions aligned with one another in the longitudinal direction of the comb-like member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

この発明は、頭部に装着されて頭皮から脳波を検出する電極に関し、特には、頭髪に妨げられずに脳波を検出し得る電極に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an electrode that is mounted on the head and detects an electroencephalogram from the scalp, and more particularly to an electrode that can detect an electroencephalogram without being disturbed by the hair.

従来の脳波検出用電極としては、例えば特許文献１記載のものが知られており、この電極は、先端部に電解液を含む弾性部材を設けて、その弾性部材を頭髪の上から頭皮に押し付けることで、脳波を検出する際の頭髪の影響の軽減を図っている。   As a conventional electroencephalogram detection electrode, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known, and this electrode is provided with an elastic member containing an electrolytic solution at the tip, and the elastic member is pressed onto the scalp from the top of the hair. In this way, the influence of the hair when detecting an electroencephalogram is reduced.

特開２００６−００６６６６号公報JP 2006-006666 A

しかしながら、このように電解液を用いると、脳波の検出中に電解液が頭皮に付着して違和感を覚えるとともに、脳波の検出後に電解液を頭髪や頭皮からふき取る処理が必要となるという不都合があった。このため、頭髪の間に電極部材を分け入らせる構成も提案されているが、頭皮に確実に接触させることは困難であった。   However, the use of the electrolyte in this way has the inconvenience that the electrolyte adheres to the scalp during the detection of the electroencephalogram and feels uncomfortable, and that after the detection of the electroencephalogram, a process of wiping the electrolyte from the hair and scalp becomes necessary. It was. For this reason, although the structure which inserts an electrode member between hairs is proposed, it was difficult to make it contact with a scalp reliably.

この発明は、上述の点に鑑みて従来の脳波検出用電極の課題を有利に解決するものであり、この発明の脳波検出用電極は、頭部に装着されて脳波を検出する電極であって、導電性のベース部材と、前記ベース部材上に立設された導電性の複数の櫛状部材と、を具え、前記複数の櫛状部材は、前記ベース部材に沿って、その櫛状部材の長手方向と交差する方向に並べられ、前記複数の櫛状部材は各々、その櫛状部材の長手方向に互いに整列する複数の櫛歯部を有することを特徴とするものである。   The present invention advantageously solves the problems of the conventional electroencephalogram detection electrode in view of the above points, and the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention is an electrode that is attached to the head and detects an electroencephalogram. A conductive base member, and a plurality of conductive comb-like members erected on the base member, wherein the plurality of comb-like members extend along the base member, The plurality of comb-shaped members are arranged in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction, and each of the plurality of comb-shaped members has a plurality of comb-tooth portions aligned with each other in the longitudinal direction of the comb-shaped member.

かかる脳波検出用電極にあっては、櫛状部材を被験者の頭髪に差し込んだ状態で、ベース部材を被験者の頭部に沿って移動させると、複数の櫛状部材のそれぞれの複数の櫛歯部が頭髪を梳きながら頭髪の間に分け入って頭皮に到達し、それらの櫛歯部の先端が頭皮と接触して頭皮のその部位の電位の変化状態である脳波を検出する。   In such an electroencephalogram detection electrode, when the base member is moved along the subject's head with the comb-like member inserted into the subject's head hair, each of the plurality of comb-tooth portions of the plurality of comb-like members While scalping the hair, it breaks between the hairs and reaches the scalp, and the tips of the comb teeth come into contact with the scalp to detect an electroencephalogram that is a change in the potential of that part of the scalp.

従って、この発明の脳波検出用電極によれば、頭髪に妨げられずに脳波を検出することができる。   Therefore, according to the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, the electroencephalogram can be detected without being interrupted by the hair.

なお、この発明の脳波検出用電極においては、前記ベース部材と前記複数の櫛状部材とは、軟質樹脂等の合成樹脂で一体に形成されるとともに、表面が良導電性金属により被覆されているものであると好ましい。このようにすれば、この電極を射出成形および無電解めっき等によって容易に製造することができる。   In the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, the base member and the plurality of comb-shaped members are integrally formed of a synthetic resin such as a soft resin and the surface is covered with a highly conductive metal. It is preferable that it is. If it does in this way, this electrode can be easily manufactured by injection molding, electroless plating, or the like.

また、この発明の脳波検出用電極においては、前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部は、前記複数の櫛状部材の並び方向に直線的に整列していてもよく、千鳥状に交互にずれて整列していても良い。   In the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, the comb teeth of the plurality of comb-shaped members may be linearly aligned in the direction in which the plurality of comb-shaped members are arranged, and alternately in a staggered manner. They may be misaligned and aligned.

さらに、この発明の脳波検出用電極においては、前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部の先端部は、凸曲面状の輪郭を持つとともに櫛状部材の長手方向を厚み方向とした板状をなしていると好ましい。このようにすれば、櫛状部材のそれぞれの複数の櫛歯部が頭髪を梳きながら頭髪の間に分け入って頭皮に到達した際に、櫛歯部の先端部がその凸曲面の延在方向へ移動しながら頭皮に滑らかに接触するので、被験者の頭皮を傷つけたり被験者に不快感を与えたりせずに脳波検出を行うことができる。   Furthermore, in the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, the tip portions of the comb teeth of the plurality of comb-shaped members have a convex curved contour and a plate shape in which the longitudinal direction of the comb-shaped member is the thickness direction. It is preferable to do it. In this way, when each of the plurality of comb teeth of the comb-like member crawls the hair and enters the scalp and reaches the scalp, the tip of the comb teeth extends in the direction in which the convex curved surface extends. Since it smoothly contacts the scalp while moving to, it is possible to detect an electroencephalogram without damaging the subject's scalp or causing discomfort to the subject.

その一方、この発明の脳波検出用電極においては、前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部の先端部は、円錐状をなしていても好ましい。このようにすれば、頭皮に対する櫛歯部の先端部の接触面積が小さくなって面圧が高まるので、脳波検出用電極と頭皮との間のインピーダンスをより低くして、より高感度に脳波検出を行うことができる。   On the other hand, in the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, it is preferable that the tips of the comb teeth of the plurality of comb members have a conical shape. In this way, the contact area of the tip of the comb tooth with respect to the scalp is reduced and the surface pressure is increased, so that the impedance between the electroencephalogram detection electrode and the scalp is lowered, and the electroencephalogram detection is performed with higher sensitivity. It can be performed.

この発明の脳波検出用電極の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the electrode for electroencephalogram detection of this invention. この発明の脳波検出用電極の他の一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows another Example of the electrode for electroencephalogram detection of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を実施例によって、図面に基づき詳細に説明する。ここに、図１は、この発明の脳波検出用電極の一実施例を示す斜視図である。この実施例の脳波検出用電極は、例えば矩形の厚板状をなす導電性のベース部材１と、図では各々左手前から右奥へ斜めに向かう方向を長手方向とされてベース部材１上に立設された導電性の複数枚（図示例では４枚）の櫛状部材２と、を具えている。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention. The electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment includes, for example, a conductive base member 1 having a rectangular thick plate shape, and a longitudinal direction extending from the left front side to the right back side in the drawing on the base member 1. And a plurality of conductive conductive members 2 (four in the illustrated example).

ここで、それら複数の櫛状部材２は、ベース部材１の上面に沿って、その櫛状部材２の長手方向と交差する方向に（図では左奥から右手前に斜めに向かって）並べられ、それら複数の櫛状部材２は各々、その櫛状部材２の長手方向に互いに整列する複数の櫛歯部３を有している。   Here, the plurality of comb-like members 2 are arranged along the upper surface of the base member 1 in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the comb-like member 2 (in the drawing, diagonally from the left back to the right front). Each of the plurality of comb-like members 2 has a plurality of comb-tooth portions 3 aligned with each other in the longitudinal direction of the comb-like member 2.

この実施例の脳波検出用電極では、ベース部材１と櫛状部材２とは例えば軟質の合成樹脂により一体で成形されており、かかる一体成形は、例えば射出成形によって行うことができる。そしてこれらベース部材１と櫛状部材２とはそれらの表面に良導電性金属である例えば銀メッキや塩化銀メッキもしくは塩化銀コーティングの被膜を形成されて、それらの表面全体として導電性を与えられている。   In the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the base member 1 and the comb-like member 2 are integrally formed of, for example, a soft synthetic resin, and such integral molding can be performed by, for example, injection molding. The base member 1 and the comb-like member 2 are provided with conductivity on the surfaces thereof by forming a coating of a highly conductive metal such as silver plating, silver chloride plating or silver chloride coating on the entire surface. ing.

また、この実施例の脳波検出用電極では、複数の櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３は、複数の櫛状部材２の並び方向（図では左奥から右手前に斜めに向かう方向）に直線的に整列している。   Further, in the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the comb teeth 3 of the plurality of comb-like members 2 are straight in the direction in which the plurality of comb-like members 2 are arranged (in the direction obliquely from the left back to the right front in the figure). Are aligned.

さらに、この実施例の脳波検出用電極では、複数の櫛状部材２の複数の櫛歯部３の各々の先端部は、凸曲面状の輪郭を持つとともに櫛状部材２の長手方向を厚み方向とした板状をなしている。   Furthermore, in the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, each tip portion of the plurality of comb teeth 3 of the plurality of comb members 2 has a convex curved contour and the longitudinal direction of the comb member 2 is the thickness direction. It has a plate shape.

かかる実施例の脳波検出用電極を、例えばヘッドホンのフレームの如く湾曲した図示しない支持フレームの内側に１個または複数個配置し、櫛状部材２が支持フレームの内側に向く配置で各ベース部材１を支持フレームに固定して、その支持フレームを図示しない被験者の頭部に被せて櫛状部材２を被験者の頭髪に差し込んだ状態で、支持フレームを被験者の頭部に沿って前後あるいは上下に移動させることにより、ベース部材１を被験者の頭部に沿って移動させると、複数の櫛状部材２のそれぞれの複数の櫛歯部３が頭髪を梳きながら頭髪の間に分け入って頭皮に到達し、それらの櫛歯部３の先端が頭皮と接触して頭皮のその部位の電位の変化状態である脳波を検出する。   One or a plurality of the electroencephalogram detection electrodes of this embodiment are arranged inside a support frame (not shown) that is curved like a headphone frame, for example, and each base member 1 is arranged such that the comb-like member 2 faces the inside of the support frame. Is fixed to the support frame, and the support frame is moved back and forth or up and down along the subject's head while the support frame is put on the subject's head (not shown) and the comb-like member 2 is inserted into the subject's head hair. Thus, when the base member 1 is moved along the head of the subject, each of the plurality of comb teeth 3 of the plurality of comb-shaped members 2 divides between the hairs while combing the hair and reaches the scalp. Then, the tips of the comb teeth 3 come into contact with the scalp to detect an electroencephalogram that is a potential change state of that part of the scalp.

従って、この実施例の脳波検出用電極によれば、頭髪に妨げられずに脳波を検出することができる。   Therefore, according to the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the electroencephalogram can be detected without being disturbed by the hair.

しかも、この実施例の脳波検出用電極によれば、複数の櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３は、複数の櫛状部材２の並び方向に直線的に整列しているので、複数の櫛状部材２のそれぞれの複数の櫛歯部３が頭髪を梳きながら、頭髪に引っかからずに頭髪の間に滑らかに分け入って頭皮に到達することができる。   Moreover, according to the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the comb teeth 3 of the plurality of comb-like members 2 are linearly aligned in the direction in which the plurality of comb-like members 2 are arranged, and thus a plurality of comb-like portions are arranged. Each of the plurality of comb teeth portions 3 of the member 2 can be smoothly divided between the hairs without reaching the scalp while reaching the scalp without being caught by the hair.

さらに、この実施例の脳波検出用電極によれば、複数の櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３の先端部は、凸曲面状の輪郭を持つとともに櫛状部材２の長手方向を厚み方向とした板状をなしていることから、櫛状部材２のそれぞれの複数の櫛歯部３が頭髪を梳きながら頭髪の間に分け入って頭皮に到達した際に、櫛歯部３の先端部がその凸曲面の延在方向へ移動しながら頭皮に滑らかに接触するので、被験者の頭皮を傷つけたり被験者に不快感を与えたりせずに脳波検出を行うことができる。   Further, according to the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the tips of the comb teeth 3 of the plurality of comb-shaped members 2 have a convex curved contour and the longitudinal direction of the comb-shaped member 2 is the thickness direction. Since each of the comb teeth 3 of the comb-like member 2 is divided between the head hairs and reaches the scalp, the tip of the comb teeth 3 is Since the scalp is smoothly contacted while moving in the extending direction of the convex curved surface, the electroencephalogram can be detected without damaging the subject's scalp or causing discomfort to the subject.

図２は、この発明の脳波検出用電極の他の一実施例を示す斜視図である。この実施例の脳波検出用電極は、複数の櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３の並び方が先の実施例と相違し、他の点では先の実施例と同様に構成されているので、ここでは相違点について主に説明する。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention. The electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in the arrangement of the comb tooth portions 3 of the plurality of comb-like members 2, and is configured in the same manner as the previous embodiment in other points. Now, the differences will be mainly described.

すなわち、この実施例の脳波検出用電極では、複数の櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３が、それら複数の櫛状部材２の並び方向に、千鳥状に交互にずれて整列している。このように櫛歯部３が、複数の櫛状部材２の並び方向に千鳥状に交互にずれて位置することにより、被験者の頭皮への複数の櫛歯部３の先端部の接触位置が概ね均等な間隔で分布するので、脳波をより確実に検出することができる。   That is, in the electroencephalogram detection electrode of this embodiment, the comb tooth portions 3 of the plurality of comb-like members 2 are alternately shifted in a staggered manner in the arrangement direction of the plurality of comb-like members 2. As described above, the comb teeth 3 are alternately shifted in a staggered manner in the arrangement direction of the plurality of comb-like members 2, so that the contact position of the tips of the plurality of comb teeth 3 to the scalp of the subject is approximately. Since it is distributed at equal intervals, the brain waves can be detected more reliably.

以上、図示例に基づき説明したが、この発明は上述の例に限定されるものでなく特許請求の範囲の記載範囲内で適宜変更し得るものであり、例えばベース部材１および櫛状部材２を、上記実施例では軟質樹脂で形成して良導電性金属で被覆したが、硬質樹脂で形成して良導電性金属で被覆しても良く、あるいは弾性金属で形成して銅メッキ等の導電性金属メッキで被覆しても良い。また、ベース部材１や櫛状部材２や櫛歯部３の形状は、所要に応じて上記実施例から変更しても良い。   As mentioned above, although demonstrated based on the example of illustration, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned example, It can change suitably within the description range of a claim, For example, the base member 1 and the comb-shaped member 2 are changed. In the above embodiment, it is formed of a soft resin and coated with a highly conductive metal. However, it may be formed of a hard resin and coated with a highly conductive metal, or may be formed of an elastic metal and conductive such as copper plating. You may coat | cover with metal plating. Moreover, you may change the shape of the base member 1, the comb-shaped member 2, and the comb-tooth part 3 from the said Example as needed.

さらに、上記実施例では、櫛状部材２の櫛歯部３の先端部を凸曲面状の輪郭を持つとともに櫛状部材２の長手方向を厚み方向とした板状に形成したが、円錐状をなすように形成しても良い。また、上記実施例では、ベース部材１と櫛状部材２とを一体に形成したが、それらを別個に形成して互いに接着、溶着等で結合しても良い。   Furthermore, in the said Example, although the front-end | tip part of the comb-tooth part 3 of the comb-shaped member 2 was formed in the plate shape which has the convex-curved-shaped outline and made the longitudinal direction of the comb-shaped member 2 the thickness direction, It may be formed as desired. Moreover, in the said Example, although the base member 1 and the comb-shaped member 2 were formed integrally, you may form them separately and couple | bond together by adhesion | attachment, welding, etc.

かくしてこの発明の脳波検出用電極によれば、頭髪に妨げられずに脳波を検出することができる。   Thus, according to the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the present invention, the electroencephalogram can be detected without being obstructed by the hair.

１ ベース部材
２ 櫛状部材
３ 櫛歯部 1 Base member 2 Comb member 3 Comb tooth part

Claims (6)

頭部に装着されて脳波を検出する電極であって、
導電性のベース部材と、
前記ベース部材上に立設された導電性の複数の櫛状部材と、
を具え、
前記複数の櫛状部材は、前記ベース部材に沿って、その櫛状部材の長手方向と交差する方向に並べられ、
前記複数の櫛状部材は各々、その櫛状部材の長手方向に互いに整列する複数の櫛歯部を有することを特徴とする脳波検出用電極。 An electrode that is worn on the head and detects brain waves,
A conductive base member;
A plurality of conductive comb-like members erected on the base member;
With
The plurality of comb-like members are arranged along the base member in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the comb-like members,
Each of the plurality of comb-shaped members has a plurality of comb-tooth portions aligned with each other in the longitudinal direction of the comb-shaped member. 前記ベース部材と前記複数の櫛状部材とは、合成樹脂で一体に形成されるとともに、表面が良導電性金属により被覆されているものであることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の脳波検出用電極。   2. The electroencephalogram detection according to claim 1, wherein the base member and the plurality of comb-like members are integrally formed of a synthetic resin and the surface is covered with a highly conductive metal. Electrode. 前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部は、前記複数の櫛状部材の並び方向に直線的に整列していることを特徴とする、請求項１または２記載の脳波検出用電極。   3. The electroencephalogram detection electrode according to claim 1, wherein the comb teeth of the plurality of comb-like members are linearly aligned in an arrangement direction of the plurality of comb-like members. 前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部は、前記複数の櫛状部材の並び方向に、千鳥状に交互にずれて整列していることを特徴とする、請求項１または２記載の脳波検出用電極。   3. The electroencephalogram detection according to claim 1, wherein the comb-tooth portions of the plurality of comb-shaped members are alternately shifted in a staggered manner in the arrangement direction of the plurality of comb-shaped members. Electrode. 前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部の先端部は、凸曲面状の輪郭を持つとともに櫛状部材の長手方向を厚み方向とした板状をなしていることを特徴とする、請求項１から４までの何れか１項記載の脳波検出用電極。   The tip portion of the comb tooth portion of the plurality of comb-like members has a convex curved contour and has a plate shape whose longitudinal direction is the thickness direction. 5. The electroencephalogram detection electrode according to any one of items 1 to 4. 前記複数の櫛状部材の前記櫛歯部の先端部は、円錐状をなしていることを特徴とする、請求項１から４までの何れか１項記載の脳波検出用電極。   5. The electroencephalogram detection electrode according to claim 1, wherein tips of the comb teeth of the plurality of comb-like members have a conical shape. 6.
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