JP2016143266A - Management device, management system, management method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contribute to dispensation of a suitable article from a suitable storage place in view of the possibility of an article failure.SOLUTION: A management device calculates first cost for delivering, to a second place, a designated article before a use expiration date among stocked items stored in one, two or more first places and having a storage expiration date and the use expiration date, estimates the stocked number of designated articles when the storage expiration date is reached, calculates a second cost by discarding the designated articles based on at least one or more of the stocked number and the values of the designated articles, calculates the sum of the first cost and the second cost as total cost for each first place regarding the designated articles, sets higher priority as a designated article delivery destination on the first places lower in total cost, and sets, when the stocked article can be used as a part of the second article, a date within a predetermined storage expiration data and indicating a predetermined failure rate as a storage expiration date regarding the exchanged stocked article and/or the second article.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a management apparatus, a management system, a management method, and a program.

  When an article having a storage deadline is stored in a warehouse or the like, when the article is out of storage, the article is generally discarded. However, since it is costly to discard the article, it is preferable that the article is appropriately paid out from a warehouse or the like before the storage period expires. Note that paying out means taking out a designated article from the stock.

  Furthermore, when delivering an article from a warehouse or the like to a predetermined delivery destination, it is preferable to reduce the cost for delivery. For example, the longer the distance from the warehouse or the like to the delivery destination, the higher the cost for delivering the article from the warehouse or the like. Therefore, when delivering an article from a warehouse or the like to a delivery destination, it is preferable to select a warehouse or the like as a delivery source so as to reduce the cost for delivery.

  In Patent Document 1, the demand of products in the remaining life cycle is predicted, and the safety of products and materials that does not cause product shortages and that minimizes product and material disposal loss at the end of product production. A technique for calculating and selecting the number of inventory, the inventory location, and the temporary logistics route is described.

  In Patent Document 2, when the production cost for each product and each production site is given, and the transportation cost is defined by the transportation distance and the transportation weight, the standard stock required for the warehouse base is satisfied, and the production cost is In addition, a technique for planning a transportation plan for the purpose of minimizing the storage cost of the warehouse base and the transportation cost as a whole is described.

JP 2010-198286 A JP 2009-286502 A

  Each disclosure of the above prior art documents is incorporated herein by reference. The following analysis has been made from the viewpoint of the present invention.

  As described above, it is preferable to reduce the cost for delivering articles stored in a warehouse or the like. Furthermore, when delivering an article, it is preferable that the article is properly paid out from a warehouse or the like before the article expires. Furthermore, when an article is paid out from a warehouse or the like, it is desired that the article is in a usable state. However, the article may break down before the storage deadline is reached, and if the article breaks down, there is a cost for recovery.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, the cost for recovery in the case where the article breaks down before the article is discarded is not considered.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is not considered whether the article is before the expiration date when the article is transported.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a management device, a management system, a management method, and a program that contribute to paying out an appropriate article from an appropriate storage place in consideration of the possibility of an article failure. To do.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a management device having the following functions is provided. The management device is stored in one or two or more first locations, and out of inventory items having a storage deadline and a use deadline, costs for delivering a designated article before the use deadline to the second location. And a first cost calculation unit that calculates the first cost.
Further, the number of the designated articles in stock at the time when the storage deadline is reached is estimated, and based on at least one of the inventory quantity and the value of the designated articles, a loss caused by discarding the designated articles, A second cost calculation unit for calculating as the second cost is provided.
Furthermore, with respect to the designated article, an evaluation unit is provided that calculates the sum of the first cost and the second cost for each first location as a total cost for each first location. . Further, when delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, the priority order as the delivery source of the designated article is increased in the first place where the total cost is lower. A determination unit is provided.
And when the stock is available as a part of the second article and the stock is exchanged in the second article, the management device exchanges the stock in exchange and the stock. For at least one of the second articles, a time limit that is within a predetermined warranty period and has a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a management system having the following functions is provided. The management system receives input of information relating to delivery of inventory including information for specifying a designated article, and one or more terminal devices, and a management device connected to the terminal devices via a network ,including.
In the management device, for delivering the designated article before the expiration date to the second location among inventory items stored in one or more first locations and having a storage expiration date and a usage expiration date. A first cost calculation unit that calculates the cost as the first cost is provided.
Further, the management device estimates the number of stocks of the designated article when the storage deadline is reached, and discards the designated article based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article. A second cost calculation unit is provided for calculating a loss due to the calculation as a second cost.
Furthermore, in the management device, the sum of the first cost and the second cost is calculated as the total cost for each first location for each of the first locations for the designated article. An evaluation unit is provided.
Further, in the management device, when the designated article is delivered from the first location to the second location, the first place with the lower total cost is the priority as the delivery source of the designated article. Is provided with a priority determining unit.
And when the said inventory is usable as a part of 2nd goods and the said inventory is replaced | exchanged in the said 2nd goods, the said management apparatus replaced | exchanged the said inventory, the said inventory For at least one of the second articles, a time limit that is within a predetermined warranty period and has a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a management method having the following functions is provided. In the management method, the management device stores the designated articles before the expiration date among the inventory items stored in one or more first locations and having the storage expiration date and the expiration date, to the second location. Calculating a cost for the first cost.
Further, in the management method, the management device estimates an inventory quantity of the designated article when the storage deadline is reached, and based on at least one of the inventory quantity and the value of the designated article, A step of calculating a loss due to the disposal of the designated article as the second cost.
Further, in the management method, the management device, for the designated article, adds the sum of the first cost and the second cost for each of the first locations, and calculates a total for each of the first locations. Including a step of calculating the cost.
Further, in the management method, when the management device delivers the designated article from the first location to the second location, the delivery location of the designated article is lower in the first location where the total cost is lower. As a priority.
In the management method, when the inventory is available as a part of the second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, the exchanged inventory and the inventory are exchanged. For at least one of the second articles, a time limit that is within a predetermined warranty period and that has a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit.
Note that this method is linked to a specific device called a management device that manages inventory.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a program that is executed by a computer that controls a management apparatus. The program is stored in one or two or more first locations, and among the inventory items having a storage expiration date and an expiration date, the cost for delivering the designated article before the expiration date to the second location, A process of calculating as the first cost is included.
Further, the program estimates the stock quantity of the designated article when the storage deadline is reached, and discards the designated article based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article. The process of calculating the loss due to the second cost is included.
Furthermore, the program calculates a sum of the first cost and the second cost for each of the first places as the total cost for each of the first places for the designated article. Including.
Further, when delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, the program increases the priority as the delivery source of the designated article in the first place where the total cost is lower. Processing to include.
In the program, the inventory is available as a part of the second article, and when the inventory is exchanged in the second article, the exchanged inventory, the inventory is exchanged. For at least one of the second articles, a time limit that is within a predetermined warranty period and that has a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit.
The program can be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium may be non-transient such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, or the like. The present invention can also be embodied as a computer program product.

  According to each aspect of the present invention, a management device, a management system, a management method, and a program that contribute to paying out an appropriate article from an appropriate storage location in consideration of the possibility of the failure of the article are provided. .

It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of one Embodiment. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a management system 1. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a management device 20. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of the weight of a delivery object in each delivery company, and the charge of a delivery company. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of a delivery area, a delivery company, and a charge in each delivery origin warehouse. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of distance and transportation expenses. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of a vehicle type and average fuel consumption. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of a warehouse name and personnel expenses. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of the delivery destination in each delivery origin warehouse, and the shipment deadline time. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of distance and the allowance with respect to a delivery person in charge. It is a figure which shows an example of the account information of a stock. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of the account number of stock in each warehouse, a storage expiration date, and the number of stock. It is a figure which shows an example of the standard stock quantity of each article | item in each warehouse. It is a figure which shows an example of the stock quantity of each goods in each warehouse. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of an account number, a magnitude | size, and a weight. It is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence of an account number and a partition unit price. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the management system 1.

  First, an outline of an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the reference numerals of the drawings attached to the outline are attached to the respective elements for convenience as an example for facilitating understanding, and the description of the outline is not intended to be any limitation.

  As described above, a management device that contributes to paying out an appropriate article from an appropriate storage place in consideration of the possibility of the failure of the article is desired.

  Therefore, as an example, the management apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 is provided. The management apparatus 100 includes a first cost calculation unit 101, a second cost calculation unit 102, an evaluation unit 103, and a priority order determination unit 104.

  The first cost calculation unit 101 is stored in one or two or more first locations, and in order to deliver the designated items before the expiration date among the inventory items having the storage expiration date and the expiration date to the second location. Is calculated as the first cost.

  Here, the stock item may be a part, a device, or the like stored in a predetermined place. The designated article means a stock item to be paid out.

  Moreover, the 1st place will not ask | require the detail, if it is a place which stores an inventory. It may be a place for storing devices, parts, devices, etc. at the base of each service. For example, the inventory storage location may be a warehouse. In the following description, for the sake of simplicity, the inventory storage location (first location) is also called a warehouse or the like.

  The second cost calculation unit 102 estimates the number of designated articles in stock when the storage deadline is reached. Then, the second cost calculation unit 102 calculates, as the second cost, a loss due to discarding the designated article based on at least one of the number of stocks and the value of the designated article.

  The evaluation unit 103 calculates the sum of the first cost and the second cost for each first place as the total cost for each first place with respect to the designated article.

  When delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, the priority order determination unit 104 increases the priority order of the designated article as the delivery source of the first place having a lower total cost.

  Here, the term of use means a term by which it can be assured that the in-stock items will function normally.

  In addition, when the inventory is available as a part of the second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, at least one of the exchanged inventory and the second article after exchanging the inventory In this case, a time limit within a predetermined warranty period and a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as a storage period for stock items.

  For example, in a device or the like configured using a stock product, when the stock product (that is, a part of the device or the like) is replaced, the replaced stock product (that is, a part or the like) For at least one of the devices that have been replaced, etc., the time limit within the predetermined warranty period and the predetermined failure occurrence rate shall be set as the storage time limit for the inventory.

  In other words, when using parts, devices, etc. before the storage deadline, after replacing the parts, etc., after using the parts, etc. and / or devices, etc., until the predetermined warranty period, the time limit that is the predetermined failure occurrence rate, It is assumed that it is a storage deadline. And if the storage period is exceeded, even if it is within the warranty period for parts and / or equipment, the use of the parts and / or equipment will exceed the predetermined failure rate. , And there is a possibility of failure.

  As a result, the management apparatus 100 contributes to paying out an appropriate article from an appropriate storage place in consideration of the possibility of an article failure.

[First Embodiment]
The first embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the cost for delivery corresponding to the first cost is also referred to as “delivery cost”. In the following description, the loss due to discarding the designated article corresponding to the second cost is also referred to as “discard cost”.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of the management system 1 according to the present embodiment. The management system 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes a request terminal (also called a terminal device) 10, a management device 20, and warehouse terminals 30a and 30b. In the following description, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the warehouse terminals 30a and 30b, the warehouse terminals 30a and 30b are referred to as the warehouse terminal 30 for simplicity. 2 is an example of the overall configuration of the management system 1 according to the present embodiment, and the overall configuration of the management system 1 is not intended to be limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2 shows one requesting terminal 10 and two warehouse terminals 30a and 30b, this is not intended to limit the number of requesting terminals 10 and warehouse terminals 30. The management system 1 is assumed to include one or more request terminals 10 and one or more warehouse terminals 30.

  The request terminal 10, the warehouse terminal 30, and the management device 20 are connected via a network 40. The network 40 is an intranet, the Internet, or the like, and there are various types of networks.

  The request terminal 10 receives input of information related to delivery of inventory items (hereinafter referred to as order information) including information for specifying the designated article. For example, the request terminal 10 may accept input of information for specifying a designated article and information for paying out inventory items through a user operation.

  The request terminal 10 may be a PC (Personal Computer), a tablet terminal, a smartphone, a mobile phone, or the like, and the details thereof are not limited as long as the input of order information can be accepted.

  Information for specifying the inventory (hereinafter referred to as account information) includes a number for specifying the inventory, an article name, the number of inventory, and the like. In the following description, a number or the like for specifying a stock item is referred to as an account number.

  Further, the account information may include information related to the storage deadline (hereinafter referred to as storage deadline information). Further, the account information may include information regarding the expiration date (hereinafter referred to as expiration date information).

  The storage deadline information is information including information on whether there is a storage deadline, the date of the storage deadline, and the like. The expiration date information is information including information on whether or not there is an expiration date, the date of the expiration date, and the like. Further, in the case where the account information includes at least one of storage expiration information and expiration date information, the account information includes a serial number of inventory items.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the information for paying out the stock includes at least one of the payout quantity, the delivery destination, the delivery time, the date and time when the stock is required, and the delivery method.

  Then, the request terminal 10 transmits the order information to the management apparatus 20 via the network 40. Specifically, the request terminal 10 transmits the input account information, the payout quantity, the delivery destination, the delivery time, and the like to the management apparatus 20 via the network 40.

  The management device 20 selects a warehouse or the like from which stock items are paid out according to the order information, and transmits a payout instruction according to the order information to the warehouse terminal 30 such as the selected warehouse via the network 40.

  Specifically, the management device 20 includes a database that stores account information, inventory quantities, storage deadlines, delivery dates, etc. for each warehouse. Then, when receiving the order information, the management device 20 refers to the database, and selects a warehouse or the like to pay out the stock based on account information of each warehouse or the like. Then, the management device 20 may transmit the selection result of the warehouse or the like to the request terminal 10 via the network 40.

  Then, the request terminal 10 may output (display, print, etc.) the received selection result of the warehouse or the like and the account information of the designated article. The user may confirm the output selection result of the warehouse or the like and perform an operation of approving the selection result. The request terminal 10 notifies the approval result to the management apparatus 20 via the network 40. When the payout from the selected warehouse or the like is approved, the management device 20 transmits a payout instruction according to the order information to the warehouse terminal 30 such as the selected warehouse.

  The warehouse terminal 30 is an information processing apparatus for managing inventory in each warehouse. For example, FIG. 2 shows that the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b are information processing apparatuses for managing the inventory of the warehouse 31a and the warehouse 31b, respectively.

  Next, the management apparatus 20 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the management apparatus 20. The management device 20 includes a management device communication unit 210, a management device control unit 220, and a management device storage unit 230. The management device control unit 220 includes an order information acquisition unit 221, a first cost calculation unit 222, a second cost calculation unit 223, a third cost calculation unit 224, an evaluation unit 225, and a priority order determination unit. 226, a delivery management unit 227, and an inventory management unit 228. The management device storage unit 230 includes an inventory information database 231 and a delivery information database 232. Note that FIG. 3 mainly describes modules related to the management apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment.

  Each module of the management apparatus 20 illustrated in FIG. 3 may be realized by a computer program that causes the management apparatus 20 to execute an operation using a hardware of a computer mounted on the management apparatus 20.

  The management device communication unit 210 controls communication with the network 40. The management device control unit 220 controls the entire management device 20. The management device storage unit 230 stores information necessary for the operation of the management device 20.

  The inventory information database 231 stores information related to inventory items such as warehouses. The delivery information database 232 stores information related to delivery from each warehouse or the like. Specifically, information on the cost for delivery from each warehouse or the like for each delivery method is stored. More specifically, the delivery information database 232 stores information such as labor costs related to delivery in each warehouse and the like, transportation costs from each warehouse and the like to a predetermined delivery destination, and the like.

  As for the delivery method, there is a method in which a delivery person on the management business side such as a warehouse (a delivery business person on the management business side of the management system 1) or the like, or a method of entrusting delivery to a third party, The details are not asked. Here, when a delivery person on the management company side of the warehouse or the like (a delivery person on the management company side of the management system 1) or the like delivers by itself, a delivery person holds the delivery method on hand, a management company of the warehouse, etc. There are various methods such as a method in which the side (the management company side of the management system 1) uses a car or the like that is held, but the details are not limited. Further, when consigning delivery to a third party, the delivery may be outsourced to a delivery company or the like. However, it is assumed that the delivery information database 232 stores information regarding delivery costs corresponding to selectable delivery methods.

  Hereinafter, the management apparatus control unit 220 will be described in detail.

  The order information acquisition unit 221 acquires order information. Specifically, when the management apparatus communication unit 210 receives order information from the request terminal 10, the management apparatus communication unit 210 passes the received order information to the order information acquisition unit 221.

  The first cost calculation unit 222 is configured to deliver a designated designated item to a second location (delivery destination) among inventory items stored in one or more first places (a warehouse or the like). The cost is calculated as the first cost. Specifically, the first cost calculation unit 222 refers to the delivery information database 232 and calculates a delivery cost corresponding to a delivery method or the like. Details of the delivery cost will be described later. Here, it is assumed that the delivery destination is the delivery destination specified in the order information.

  The second cost calculation unit 223 calculates a loss due to discarding the designated article as a second cost. Details of the disposal cost will be described later.

  The third cost calculation unit 224 calculates, as the third cost, a cost for leveling the stock of the designated article at two or more different first locations (a warehouse or the like). In the following description, the third cost is also referred to as “transfer cost”. Details of the transfer cost will be described later.

  The evaluation unit 225 determines the first cost (delivery cost), the second cost (disposal cost), and the third cost (transfer cost) for each designated place (warehouse, etc.). The sum is calculated as the total cost.

  When delivering the designated article from the first place (warehouse etc.) to the second place (delivery destination), the priority order determination unit 226 delivers the designated article in the first place (warehouse etc.) having a lower total cost. Increase the original priority. That is, the priority order determination unit 226 pays out the designated article designated in the order information in preference to a warehouse or the like with a low total cost.

  The delivery management unit 227 manages delivery instructions according to the order information. Specifically, the delivery management unit 227 sends a delivery instruction with priority on the warehouse terminal 30 such as a warehouse having a higher priority. For example, when the designated article satisfying the order information can be paid out from one warehouse or the like with the highest priority, the delivery management unit 227 sends a delivery instruction to the warehouse terminal 30 such as the warehouse with the highest priority. Send. In addition, if the designated article satisfying the order information cannot be paid out in one warehouse or the like with the highest priority, the delivery management unit 227 stores the warehouse such as a lower priority warehouse so as to satisfy the order information. A delivery instruction including the terminal 30 is transmitted.

  The inventory management unit 228 controls processing for inventory items that have expired. Specifically, when there is an out-of-storage item among one or more warehouses such as a warehouse, the inventory management unit 228 communicates with the management device communication with the warehouse terminal 30 of the warehouse that stores the inventory. Via the unit 210, at least one of discard processing and health check processing is instructed. Here, the health check process means a process of confirming the function of a part when the article includes a part with a limited life. For example, a health check process may be performed on a computer board, board, module, or the like.

  Specifically, when performing the health check process, the inventory management unit 228 determines the storage period of the inventory item for a predetermined period when the function of the inventory item satisfies a predetermined condition with respect to the inventory item including a limited-life part. Is extended.

  More specifically, when performing the health check process, the inventory management unit 228 uses the management device communication unit 210 to communicate with the warehouse terminal 30 of the warehouse that stores the inventory for the inventory including the limited-life parts. And instructing processing for confirming the function of the stock item. When the warehouse terminal 30 receives a processing instruction for confirming the function of an inventory item, the warehouse terminal 30 transmits a result of confirming the function of the inventory item to the management device 20. Here, it is preferable that the warehouse terminal 30 transmits to the management apparatus 20 as a function check result whether or not the function of the inventory item satisfies a predetermined condition. The management device 20 updates the inventory information database 231 so as to extend the storage period of the inventory for a predetermined period when the function of the inventory for health check satisfies a predetermined condition.

  Here, the predetermined period for extending the storage period of the inventory may be a predetermined period for guaranteeing the operation, function, etc. of the manufacturer of the inventory. Further, the expiration date may be extended for a predetermined period experimentally obtained in an acceleration test or the like.

  For example, when the voltage of the primary battery is greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage for an inventory configured to include a primary battery (lifetime component) such as a lithium battery, the inventory management unit 228 The inventory information database 231 may be updated so as to extend the storage period of the inventory.

  The inventory management unit 228 controls processing for adjusting inventory in a warehouse or the like. Specifically, the inventory management unit 228 transfers inventory (leveling) between warehouses or the like to one or more warehouse terminals 30 via the management device communication unit 210 at predetermined intervals. ) Instruct processing, stock addition (replenishment) processing.

  For example, the inventory management unit 228 transfers the inventory items between the warehouses and adjusts the inventory quantity in each warehouse so that the inventory quantity is within a predetermined range in each warehouse. You may instruct. Specifically, the inventory management unit 228 distributes the inventory from a warehouse or the like whose inventory quantity is larger than the standard inventory quantity to a warehouse or the like whose inventory quantity is less than the standard inventory quantity so that the inventory quantity falls within a predetermined range. The warehouse terminal 30 is instructed to transfer.

  Here, the standard stock quantity means the stock quantity of the stock in a predetermined period with respect to the target stock. Specifically, the standard stock quantity is a statistical value of the stock quantity for each predetermined period when the stock is not out of stock (that is, the stock quantity of the stock is 1 or more) (for example, Mean value of inventory, etc.).

  Alternatively, the inventory management unit 228 instructs the warehouse terminal 30 to transfer the inventory between warehouses or the like so that the expected period until the number of inventory falls below a predetermined threshold is within the predetermined period. Also good. For example, the inventory management unit 228 transfers the inventory between warehouses or the like so that the expected period until the inventory is out of stock (that is, the inventory quantity of the inventory becomes 0) is within a predetermined period. The warehouse terminal 30 may be instructed.

  In addition, for example, the inventory management unit 228 may transfer the warehouse having the longest expected period from the warehouse having the longest expected period until the inventory quantity becomes a predetermined threshold or less to the warehouse having the shortest expected period. The warehouse terminal 30 may be instructed.

<First cost (delivery cost)>
Hereinafter, the first cost (delivery cost) will be described in detail.

  As described above, the delivery cost is a cost for delivering a designated designated item to a designated delivery destination. Specifically, the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates the product of the cost required for movement and the labor cost as the delivery cost. Then, the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates the product of the time required for movement and the labor cost per unit time as the labor cost.

  When the delivery cost changes according to the quantity of designated articles (articles to be delivered), the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates the delivery cost according to the quantity. Moreover, when delivering from two or more warehouses etc., you may calculate the sum of the delivery cost from each warehouse etc. as a delivery cost of designated goods.

  For example, it is assumed that a delivery person uses a public transport to deliver by hand. In that case, the first cost calculation unit 222 may calculate the product of the fare of public transportation, the travel time to the delivery destination, and the labor cost per unit time as the delivery cost.

  In addition, it is assumed that a delivery person or the like on the management business side such as a warehouse delivers using a car or the like that is held. In that case, the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates the product of the fuel consumption of the automobile to be used, the fuel cost, the travel time to the delivery destination, and the labor cost per unit time as the delivery cost. Also good. Here, the delivery information database 232 may store in advance an average fuel consumption amount for each vehicle type as a fuel consumption amount of the vehicle to be used.

<Second cost (disposal cost)>
Hereinafter, the second cost (disposal cost) will be described in detail.

  As described above, the disposal cost is a loss caused by discarding the designated article. The second cost calculation unit 223 calculates, as the second cost, a loss due to discarding the specified article based on at least one of the number of the specified article whose storage expiration date expires and the value of the designated article. To do. Here, the number of designated articles whose storage deadline expires is a number obtained by subtracting the number of designated articles to be paid out before the storage deadline from the number of designated articles in stock. The number of designated articles to be paid out before the storage deadline can be estimated based on the storage deadline of the designated article and the number of payouts of the designated article for each predetermined period.

  Specifically, the second cost calculation unit 223 estimates the number of designated articles in stock when the storage deadline is reached when the storage deadline and the use deadline are set for the designated article. Then, the second cost calculation unit 223 calculates, as the second cost, a loss caused by discarding the designated article based on at least one of the number of designated articles in stock and the value of the designated article. . For example, the second cost calculation unit 223 calculates the product of the number of designated articles in stock before the expiration date and the price of the designated article (for example, the retail price of the designated article or the wholesale price of the designated article) It may be calculated as a cost of 2.

  In addition, when the stock is available as a part of the second article (device, etc.) and the stock is exchanged in the second article (ie, the device, etc.), the exchanged stock (ie, the device) Etc.), and at least one of the second article (ie, the device etc. that exchanged the parts, etc.) for which the stock item has been exchanged, the time limit within the prescribed warranty period and the prescribed failure occurrence rate. , Set as the storage deadline.

  Here, the warranty period may be a warranty period when parts or the like are replaced. In this case, the warranty period when a part or the like is replaced is often shorter than the warranty period when a device or the like in which the part or the like is incorporated is new.

  Also, if the warranty period from a new product such as a device subject to replacement of parts, etc. remains, calculate the warranty period when replacing parts, etc. The longer one of the warranty periods from when the device to be exchanged is new may be set as the predetermined warranty period.

  In addition, the shelf life of inventory items may be set in consideration of repair and replacement costs (costs required for parts replacement, etc.) for recovery from a failure that occurs during use of the article. Specifically, the storage period of the inventory item may be set to a period in which the value of the inventory item is larger than the failure recovery cost of the inventory item. That is, the expiration date of the inventory may be set until the value of the inventory exceeds the failure recovery cost of the inventory.

<Third cost (transfer cost)>
Hereinafter, the third cost (transfer cost) will be described in detail.

  The third cost calculation unit 224 stocks the designated articles between the first locations (between warehouses, etc.) so that the number of stocks is within a predetermined range at each first location (each warehouse, etc.). And adjust the number of stocks in each first place (each warehouse, etc.). Specifically, the third cost calculation unit 224 has the stock quantity larger than the standard stock quantity so that the stock quantity of the designated article falls within a predetermined range at each first place (each warehouse or the like). A cost for transferring the designated article from the first place (a warehouse or the like) to the first place (a warehouse or the like) where the stock quantity is smaller than the standard stock quantity is calculated as a third cost.

  Here, the standard stock quantity means the stock quantity of the stock item when the stock item is in stock for a predetermined period. In other words, the standard stock quantity means a statistical value of the stock quantity for a predetermined period (for example, an average value of the stock quantity, etc.) when the target stock item does not run out of stock.

  In addition, the third cost calculation unit 224 specifies the specified article between the first locations (such as warehouses) so that the expected period until the number of stocks falls below a predetermined threshold is within the predetermined period. The cost for transferring the article is calculated as the third cost. Here, the third cost calculation unit 224 estimates the expected period until the number of inventory falls below a predetermined threshold based on the number of inventory and the statistical value (average) of the number of payouts for each predetermined period. May be.

  For example, the third cost calculation unit 224 calculates a transfer cost for transferring from the first place having the longest expected period until the inventory quantity becomes a predetermined threshold value or less to the first place having the shortest expected period. It may be calculated.

  Next, the delivery information database 232 will be described in detail.

  As described above, the delivery information database 232 stores information such as labor costs related to delivery in each warehouse, transportation costs from each warehouse, etc. to a predetermined delivery destination. 4 to 10 are diagrams showing examples of information stored in the delivery information database 232. Although FIGS. 4 to 10 show information in a table format, the contents and format of data stored in the delivery information database 232 are not intended to be limited. For example, the delivery information database 232 may be configured to include information different from the information shown in FIGS. Further, the delivery information database 232 may store a part of the information shown in FIGS. The delivery information database 232 may store information in a format different from that shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the weight of a delivery object and a charge of a delivery company in each delivery company. Specifically, FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the weight of the delivery object and the charge when the delivery company P delivers. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the weight of the delivery object and the charge when the delivery company Q delivers. The delivery information database 232 may store, for each delivery company, a table or the like as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B showing the correspondence between the weight of the delivery object and the charge. Alternatively, the delivery information database 232 may store the correspondence between the delivery company, the weight of the delivery object, and the fee in one table or the like.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a delivery area, a delivery company, and a charge in each delivery source warehouse. Specifically, FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a warehouse address, a delivery area, a delivery company, and a charge when delivering from the warehouse K. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a warehouse address, a delivery area, a delivery company, and a charge when delivered from the warehouse L. The delivery information database 232 stores, for each delivery source warehouse, a table or the like as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B showing the correspondence between the warehouse address, the delivery area, the delivery company, and the charge. May be. Alternatively, the delivery information database 232 may store a correspondence relationship between a delivery source warehouse, a warehouse address, a delivery area, a delivery company, and a charge in one table or the like.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between distance and transportation cost when using public transportation. Specifically, FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a distance (location) and a charge when using public transportation V from the warehouse K. For example, FIG. 6 shows that when the person in charge of delivery goes to the SSS station from the location of the warehouse K using the public transportation V, the transportation cost is 10,000 yen. In the order information, when a delivery person specifies a delivery method for delivery by hand using public transport, the first cost calculation unit 222 refers to the table shown in FIG. 6 and needs to move. The cost may be calculated. The delivery information database 232 may store a table or the like as shown in FIG. 6 showing the correspondence between distance (location) and fee for each warehouse and / or for each public transportation. Alternatively, the delivery information database 232 may store a correspondence relationship between a distance (location) and a charge for each warehouse or the like and / or for each public transportation in one table or the like.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the vehicle type and the average fuel consumption. For example, in the order information, when a delivery method for delivery is specified using a car owned by a delivery person on the management business side such as a warehouse, the first cost calculation unit 222 displays the table shown in FIG. The cost required for movement may be calculated with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between warehouse names and personnel costs. In the order information, when a delivery method to be delivered by a delivery person on the management business side such as a warehouse is specified by itself, the first cost calculation unit 222 refers to the table shown in FIG. You may get a labor cost.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a delivery destination and a delivery deadline time in each delivery source warehouse. Specifically, FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a delivery destination and a shipment deadline time in the warehouse K. FIG. 9B shows an example of the correspondence relationship between the delivery destination and the shipment deadline in the warehouse L. The delivery information database 232 may store, for each delivery source warehouse, a table or the like as shown in FIG. 9 showing the correspondence between the delivery destination and the shipping deadline time. Alternatively, the delivery information database 232 may store the correspondence relationship between the delivery source warehouse, the delivery destination, and the shipping deadline time in one table or the like.

  For example, it is assumed that the order information acquisition unit 221 acquires order information whose delivery destination is a DEF base at 16:30. Here, referring to FIG. 9B, in the warehouse L, when the delivery destination is a DEF base, the shipment deadline is 16:00. Therefore, the first cost calculation unit 222 excludes the warehouse L from the target for calculating the first cost. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 9A, in the warehouse K, when the delivery destination is a DEF base, the shipment deadline is 17:00. Therefore, the first cost calculation unit 222 selects the warehouse K shown in FIG. 9A as a target for calculating the first cost.

  And the 1st cost calculation part 222 may acquire the labor cost in the warehouse K with reference to the table shown in FIG. Here, referring to FIG. 8, the labor cost in the warehouse K is higher than the labor cost in the warehouse L. However, when the shipping deadline has passed in one warehouse, the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates the cost for delivery from another warehouse as the first cost even if the delivery cost is high. Also good.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a distance (location) and the allowance when an allowance for a delivery person is paid according to the moving distance. Specifically, FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between a distance (location) and an allowance for a delivery person in the warehouse K. For example, in the case of FIG. 10, when the delivery person moves from the location of the warehouse K to the SSS station for delivery of the inventory items in the warehouse K (or leveling of inventory items between warehouses), the delivery person in charge Indicates that 1,000 yen will be paid. When an allowance for a delivery person is provided according to the travel distance, the first cost calculation unit 222 refers to the table shown in FIG. 10 and acquires an allowance for the delivery person. Then, the first cost calculation unit 222 calculates a delivery cost including an allowance for a delivery person.

  Next, the inventory information database 231 will be described in detail.

  As described above, the inventory information database 231 stores information related to inventory items such as warehouses. FIGS. 11-16 is a figure which shows an example of the information which the inventory information database 231 stores. 11 to 16 show information in a table format, but the content and format of data stored in the inventory information database 231 are not intended to be limited. For example, the stock information database 231 may be configured to include information different from the information illustrated in FIGS. Further, the inventory information database 231 may store a part of the information shown in FIGS. The inventory information database 231 may store information in a format different from that in FIGS.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of inventory account information. Specifically, FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number, a product name, and a storage deadline. More specifically, FIG. 11 shows the names of the three stock items of account numbers “AAAAAAAAA”, “BBBBBBBBB”, and “CCCCCCCC”, and the storage deadline.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number of inventory items, a storage expiration date, and the number of stocks in each warehouse. Specifically, FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number of a stock item, a storage expiration date, and the number of stocks in the warehouse K. FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number of inventory items, a storage expiration date, and the number of stocks in the warehouse L. As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the inventory information database 231 associates one account number with one or more storage expiration dates and the number of inventory corresponding to the storage expiration date. May be stored.

  The inventory management unit 228 refers to the table shown in FIG. 12 and determines an inventory that has exceeded the storage deadline date as a disposal target. Further, when a new article is received, the inventory management unit 228 refers to the table shown in FIG. 11 and acquires the storage deadline based on the account number, the product name, and the like. Then, the inventory management unit 228 determines a storage deadline date based on the acquired storage deadline and the warehousing date. Then, the inventory management unit 228 registers the account information (including the storage expiration date) of the new article in the inventory information database 231.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the standard stock quantity of each article in each warehouse. Specifically, FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating an example of the standard stock quantity of each article in the warehouse K. FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating an example of the standard stock quantity of each article in the warehouse L. 13A and 13B show different tables for each warehouse, but the inventory information database 231 stores the warehouse name, the account number, the product name, and the standard stock quantity in one table. May be.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the number of stocks of articles in each warehouse. Specifically, FIG. 14A is a diagram illustrating an example of the stock quantity of each article in the warehouse K. FIG. 14B shows an example of the stock quantity of each article in the warehouse L. 14 (a) and 14 (b) show different tables for each warehouse. The inventory information database 231 stores the warehouse name, account number, product name, and inventory quantity in one table. Also good.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number, a size, and a weight. The first cost calculation unit 222 may select an article delivery method with reference to the table shown in FIG.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between an account number and a partition unit price. The second cost calculation unit 223 may calculate the article disposal cost with reference to the table shown in FIG.

  Here, the articles with the account numbers “AAAAAAAAA”, “BBBBBBBBB”, and “CCCCCCCC” shown in FIG. 13 are the same as the articles with the account numbers “AAAAAAAAA”, “BBBBBBBBB”, and “CCCCCCCC” shown in FIG. Then, it is assumed that the designated article is an article having an account number “CCCCCCCC”.

  In that case, the third cost calculation unit 224 calculates the transfer cost of the article having the account number “CCCCCCCC”. In the warehouse K and the warehouse L, the cost of transferring the article so that the difference between the inventory quantity of the account number “CCCCCCCC” and the standard inventory quantity is 5 or less is the third cost calculation unit 224. Is calculated as a transfer cost.

  Here, referring to FIG. 13A and FIG. 14A, in the warehouse K, the stock quantity of the article with the account number “CCCCCCCC” is ten more than the standard stock quantity. 13B and 14B, in the warehouse L, the inventory quantity of the article with the account number “CCCCCCCC” is 10 less than the standard inventory quantity. Therefore, by transferring five articles with the account number “CCCCCCCC” from the warehouse K to the warehouse L, the inventory number, the standard inventory number, and the difference between the warehouse K and the warehouse L can be five.

  Therefore, the third cost calculation unit 224 calculates the cost for transferring five articles with the account number “CCCCCCCC” from the warehouse K to the warehouse L as the transfer cost.

  Next, the operation of the management system 1 will be described.

  FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the management system 1. In addition, the management system 1 shown in FIG. 17 shall pay out the articles | goods (designated article) which require delivery from the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b.

  In step A1, the request terminal 10 accepts input of order information. Specifically, the orderer inputs order information regarding an article (designated article) for which delivery is requested to the request terminal 10. Then, the request terminal 10 transmits order information to the management device 20 via the network 40.

  In step A <b> 2, the order information acquisition unit 221 receives order information from the request terminal 10 via the management device communication unit 210. Specifically, the order information acquisition unit 221 receives the account number, delivery destination, delivery time, required quantity, etc. of the designated article via the management device communication unit 210.

  In step A3, the delivery management unit 227 transmits an instruction for delivery processing to the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b based on the order information. Specifically, first, the first cost calculation unit 222 refers to the delivery information database 232 and calculates the first cost (delivery cost) based on the order information. Also, the second cost calculation unit 223 refers to the inventory information database 231 and calculates a second cost (discard cost) based on the order information. Also, the third cost calculation unit 224 refers to the inventory information database 231 and calculates a third cost (transfer cost) based on the order information. The evaluation unit 225 calculates the sum of the first cost, the second cost, and the third cost as the total cost. Then, the priority order determination unit 226 determines the priority order of the delivery source of the designated article based on the total cost calculated by the evaluation unit 225. In the case of the management system 1 shown in FIG. 17, the priority order determination unit 226 determines the warehouse 31a (a warehouse managed by the warehouse terminal 30a) and the warehouse 31b (a warehouse managed by the warehouse terminal 30b) as the delivery source of the designated article. To do.

  And the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b receive the instruction | indication of a delivery process (step A4, step A5). And the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b instruct | indicate delivery based on the instruction | indication of a delivery process (step A6, step A7). For example, the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b may execute processing for requesting delivery to a delivery company.

  In step A8, the delivery management unit 227 transmits the arrangement status to the requesting terminal 10 via the management device communication unit 210. Specifically, the delivery management unit 227 transmits a delivery method, delivery date and time, etc. to the requesting terminal 10 via the management device communication unit 210.

  In step A9, the request terminal 10 receives the delivery method, delivery date and time, and displays the screen. Further, as described above, when the request terminal 10 receives the delivery method and the delivery date and time, the request terminal 10 may output the received information using a method such as printing.

  Then, the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b transmit the quantity of inventory items, storage deadline information, and the like to the management apparatus 20 via the network 40 (Step A10, Step A11).

  In step A12, the management apparatus communication unit 210 receives the quantity of inventory items, storage expiration information, and the like from the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b. The inventory management unit 228 updates the inventory information database 231 based on the quantity of inventory items received by the management device communication unit 210 and storage expiration information.

  In step A13, the inventory management unit 228 instructs the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b to perform leveling processing via the management device communication unit 210. Further, the inventory management unit 228 instructs the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b to replenish inventory and discard inventory via the management device communication unit 210.

  For example, the inventory management unit 228 refers to the inventory information database 231 and instructs the warehouse terminal 30 of the warehouse or the like to perform the leveling process when the inventory quantity is biased between warehouses or the like. In addition, the inventory management unit 228 refers to the inventory information database 231 and, when determining that there is an inventory item that is out of stock within a predetermined period, instructs the warehouse terminal 30 of the corresponding warehouse to replenish the inventory item. . In addition, when the inventory management unit 228 refers to the inventory information database 231 and determines that there is an expired inventory item, the inventory management unit 228 instructs the warehouse terminal 30 of the corresponding warehouse to discard the inventory item.

  And the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b receive the instruction | indication of inventory goods receipt / extraction (step A14, step A15). Specifically, the warehouse terminal 30a and the warehouse terminal 30b execute an appropriate process among the leveling process, the inventory replenishment process, and the inventory disposal process based on the received inventory entry / exit instruction.

  For example, when the warehouse terminal 30a receives an instruction to transfer inventory items to the warehouse terminal 30b (instruction for leveling processing), the warehouse terminal 30a may level the inventory quantity between warehouses (between the warehouse 31a and the warehouse 31b). Processing for transferring the inventory to the terminal 30b is executed. For example, when the warehouse terminal 30a receives an instruction to replenish inventory (instruction for inventory replenishment processing), the warehouse terminal 30a executes a process for ordering the inventory from the manufacturer of the inventory. For example, when the warehouse terminal 30a receives an instruction to discard the inventory (instruction for discarding the inventory), the warehouse terminal 30a executes a process for paying out and discarding the inventory.

  As described above, the management apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment is based on the cost for delivering the designated article, the loss due to discarding the article, and the cost for leveling the inventory quantity of the article. Thus, the warehouse etc. from which the goods are transferred are determined. Here, the management device 20 according to the present embodiment estimates the storage period of the article in consideration of the possibility of the breakdown of the article, and the loss due to discarding the article based on the estimated storage period. calculate. Therefore, the management system 1 according to the present embodiment contributes to paying out an appropriate article from an appropriate storage place in consideration of the possibility of an article failure.

  In the above-described embodiment, parts, devices, and the like have been described as examples of inventory items. However, this is not intended to limit the types of inventory. For example, the inventory item may be a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium may store a program.

  A part or all of the above-described embodiment can be described as in the following supplementary notes, but is not limited thereto.

  (Additional remark 1) It is as the management apparatus which concerns on a said 1st viewpoint.

  (Supplementary Note 2) The evaluation unit further includes a third cost calculation unit that calculates, as a third cost, a cost for leveling the inventory of the designated article at two or more different first locations. For the designated article, for each of the first locations, the sum of the first cost, the second cost, and the third cost is calculated as the total cost. The management device described.

  (Additional remark 3) The said 3rd cost calculation part WHEREIN: The said 1st place where the stock quantity is larger than the standard stock quantity so that the stock quantity of the said designated article may be in the predetermined range in each said 1st place The management device according to appendix 2, wherein a cost for transferring the designated article to the first location where the inventory quantity is smaller than the standard inventory quantity is calculated as the third cost.

  (Additional remark 4) The said 3rd cost calculation part is the said designation | designated between said 1st places so that the expected period until the stock quantity becomes below a predetermined | prescribed threshold value is in a predetermined period regarding the said designated goods. The management device according to appendix 2 or 3, wherein a cost for transferring the article is calculated as the third cost.

  (Supplementary note 5) The storage period of the inventory item is set to a period in which the value of the inventory item is in a state where the value of the inventory item is larger than the failure recovery cost of the inventory item. Management device.

  (Additional remark 6) With respect to the said inventory containing a lifetime component, when the function of the said inventory satisfies a predetermined condition, the inventory management part which extends the said shelf life of the said inventory for a predetermined period is further provided. The management apparatus according to any one of 1 to 5.

  (Supplementary Note 7) When the storage deadline and the use deadline are set for the designated article, the second cost calculation unit determines the storage deadline of the designated article and the number of payouts per predetermined period of the designated article. The number of stocks of the designated article at the time when the storage deadline is reached is estimated based on the above, and the product of the number of stocks and the price of the designated article is calculated as the second cost. 6. The management device according to any one of 6.

  (Additional remark 8) It is as the management system which concerns on the said 2nd viewpoint.

  (Additional remark 9) It is as the management method concerning the said 3rd viewpoint.

  (Additional remark 10) It is as the program concerning the said 4th viewpoint.

  In addition, the form shown in the above supplementary notes 8 to 10 can be developed into the form shown in the supplementary notes 2 to 7 in the same manner as the form shown in the supplementary note 1.

  The disclosure of the above patent document is incorporated herein by reference. Within the scope of the entire disclosure (including claims) of the present invention, the embodiment can be changed and adjusted based on the basic technical concept. Further, various combinations or selections of various disclosed elements (including each element of each claim, each element of each embodiment, each element of each drawing, etc.) are possible within the framework of the entire disclosure of the present invention. is there. That is, the present invention of course includes various variations and modifications that could be made by those skilled in the art according to the entire disclosure including the claims and the technical idea. In particular, with respect to the numerical ranges described in this document, any numerical value or small range included in the range should be construed as being specifically described even if there is no specific description.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Management system 10 Request terminal 20, 100 Management apparatus 30a, 30b Warehouse terminal 31a, 31b Warehouse 40 Network 101, 222 1st cost calculation part 102, 223 2nd cost calculation part 103, 225 Evaluation part 104, 226 Priority Determination unit 210 Management device communication unit 220 Management device control unit 221 Order information acquisition unit 224 Third cost calculation unit 227 Delivery management unit 228 Inventory management unit 230 Management device storage unit 231 Inventory information database 232 Delivery information database

Claims (9)

Of the inventory items stored in one or two or more first locations and having a storage expiration date and a usage expiration date, the cost for delivering the designated article before the expiration date to the second location is the first cost. A first cost calculator that calculates as:
Estimating the stock quantity of the designated article at the time when the storage deadline is reached, and based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article, a loss caused by discarding the designated article A second cost calculation unit that calculates the cost of
With respect to the designated article, for each of the first locations, an evaluation unit that calculates the sum of the first cost and the second cost as a total cost for each of the first locations;
When delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, a priority order determining unit that increases the priority as the delivery source of the designated article in the first place where the total cost is lower. When,
With
When the inventory is available as part of a second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, at least the exchanged inventory, the exchanged inventory at least of the second article In any case, a management apparatus that sets a time limit within a predetermined warranty period and a predetermined failure occurrence rate as the storage time limit. A third cost calculation unit that calculates a cost for leveling the inventory of the designated article at two or more different first locations as a third cost;
The evaluation unit calculates the sum of the first cost, the second cost, and the third cost as the total cost for each of the first locations with respect to the designated article. Item 2. The management device according to Item 1.   The third cost calculation unit determines the number of stocks from the first place where the stock quantity is larger than the standard stock quantity so that the stock quantity of the designated article falls within a predetermined range at each first place. The management apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a cost for transporting the designated article to the first location is less than the standard stock quantity as the third cost.   The third cost calculation unit transfers the designated article between the first locations such that an expected period until the number of stocks falls below a predetermined threshold is within a predetermined period with respect to the designated article. The management device according to claim 2, wherein a cost for calculating the cost is calculated as the third cost.   The management device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the storage period of the inventory is set in a period in which the value of the inventory is larger than the failure recovery cost of the inventory.   The said inventory containing a lifetime part is further provided with the inventory management part which extends the said storage deadline of the said inventory for a predetermined period, when the function of the said inventory satisfy | fills a predetermined condition. The management apparatus as described in any one of. One or more terminal devices that accept input of information relating to delivery of inventory, including information for designating designated articles;
A management device connected to the terminal device via a network;
A management system including:
The management device
Of the inventory items stored in one or more first locations and having a storage deadline and a use deadline, the cost for delivering the designated article before the use deadline to the second location is A first cost calculation unit that calculates the cost;
Estimating the stock quantity of the designated article at the time when the storage deadline is reached, and based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article, a loss caused by discarding the designated article A second cost calculation unit that calculates the cost of
With respect to the designated article, for each of the first locations, an evaluation unit that calculates the sum of the first cost and the second cost as a total cost for each of the first locations;
When delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, a priority order determining unit that increases the priority as the delivery source of the designated article in the first place where the total cost is lower. When,
With
When the inventory is available as part of a second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, at least the exchanged inventory, the exchanged inventory at least of the second article In any case, a management system that sets a time limit within a predetermined warranty period and a predetermined failure occurrence rate as the storage time limit. Management device
Of the inventory items stored in one or two or more first locations and having a storage expiration date and a usage expiration date, the cost for delivering the designated article before the expiration date to the second location is the first cost. A step of calculating as
Estimating the stock quantity of the designated article at the time when the storage deadline is reached, and based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article, a loss caused by discarding the designated article Calculating the cost of
Calculating the sum of the first cost and the second cost as the total cost for each first location for each of the first locations with respect to the designated article;
When delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, increasing the priority as the delivery source of the designated article in the first place where the total cost is lower;
Including
When the inventory is available as part of a second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, at least the exchanged inventory, the exchanged inventory at least of the second article In any case, a management method in which a time limit within a predetermined warranty period and a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit. Of the inventory items stored in one or two or more first locations and having a storage expiration date and a usage expiration date, the cost for delivering the designated article before the expiration date to the second location is the first cost. Processing to calculate as
Estimating the stock quantity of the designated article at the time when the storage deadline is reached, and based on at least one of the stock quantity and the value of the designated article, a loss caused by discarding the designated article Processing to calculate as the cost of
A process for calculating the sum of the first cost and the second cost for each of the first places as the total cost for each of the first places,
When delivering the designated article from the first place to the second place, a process of increasing the priority as the delivery source of the designated article for the first place having a lower total cost;
Is a program that causes a computer that controls the management apparatus to execute
When the inventory is available as part of a second article and the inventory is exchanged in the second article, at least the exchanged inventory, the exchanged inventory at least of the second article In any case, a program in which a time limit within a predetermined warranty period and a predetermined failure occurrence rate is set as the storage time limit.

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