JP2016109639A - Deterioration diagnostic device of lead battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exchange only a lead battery determined to be deteriorated by individually determining deterioration of a plurality of lead batteries connected in series.SOLUTION: A deterioration diagnostic device of a lead battery connecting a plurality of lead batteries (24) in series and diagnosing a capacitance deterioration of the plurality of batteries includes: current detection means (22) for detecting a common current flowing from the plurality of lead batteries; voltage detection means (21) for detecting the voltage applied from the plurality of lead batteries, respectively; inner resistance calculation means (65) for calculating an inner resistance from the plurality of lead batteries, respectively; and determination means (65) for individually determining the deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries from the inner resistance calculated by the inner resistance calculation means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing capacity deterioration of a lead battery.

  As a method of diagnosing the deterioration of the battery discharge capacity, for example, the battery charge is discharged from the diagnosis start voltage to the diagnosis end voltage, the charge index is obtained, and the integrated charge related to the value obtained by subtracting the consumed capacity from the full charge capacity Get the exponent. A method is known in which an accurate current full charge capacity is calculated from the charge index and the integrated charge index, and a deterioration state of the battery is determined based on a value obtained by dividing the full charge capacity by the nominal capacity of the battery ( (See Patent Document 1)

JP-A-8-75833

  By the way, in a vehicle using a plurality of lead batteries connected in series, there may be a difference in the deterioration rate of the lead batteries due to abnormal heat generation of each battery. However, when the deterioration state of the lead battery is determined by adopting the above method, it is not clear which lead battery has deteriorated. As a result, both of the two lead batteries have to be replaced, and the cost increases.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a main object of the present invention is to identify a plurality of lead batteries connected in series as being individually deteriorated to determine deterioration. It is intended to make it possible to exchange only.

  The present invention is a lead battery deterioration diagnosis device, wherein a plurality of lead batteries are connected in series, and the lead battery deterioration diagnosis device diagnoses capacity deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries, wherein the plurality of lead batteries Current detection means for detecting a common current flowing more, voltage detection means for detecting a voltage applied from each of the plurality of lead batteries, and the internal resistance of each of the plurality of lead batteries from the current and the voltage An internal resistance calculating means for calculating; and a determining means for individually determining deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries from the internal resistance calculated by the internal resistance calculating means.

  According to the said structure, the common electric current which flows from a some lead battery is detected by an electric current detection means. Moreover, it has a voltage detection means and detects the voltage applied from each of a some lead battery separately. From the current detected by the current detection means and the voltage detected by the voltage detection means, the internal resistance calculation means calculates the internal resistance of each of the plurality of lead batteries. And a determination means determines deterioration of a lead battery separately based on the calculated internal resistance. For this reason, even if there are a plurality of lead batteries connected in series, the deterioration determination can be performed individually, and as a result, it is possible to replace only the lead batteries that are recognized to be deteriorated.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment. It is a battery degradation determination flowchart performed by the control circuit concerning this embodiment. It is a battery exchange completion determination flowchart executed by the control circuit according to the present embodiment. It is a timing chart showing changes of internal resistance concerning this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, a schematic configuration of the entire vehicle will be described with reference to FIG.

  The vehicle 10 includes a power supply device 20. The output side of the power supply device 20 is connected to the alternator 52 of the vehicle 10 via a connection line, and the two lead batteries 24 can be charged by controlling the output of the alternator 52. The alternator 52 is driven by the engine 96 to charge the two lead batteries 24. Further, the output side of the power supply device 20 is connected to a starter motor 54 that starts the engine 96 of the vehicle 10 and the electrical equipment 50 mounted on the vehicle 10 via a connection line. The starter motor 54 is driven by electric power supplied from the power supply device 20. The electrical equipment 50 is driven by electric power supplied from the power supply device 20 and the alternator 52. The electrical equipment 50 is a light, wiper, air conditioner, car audio, car navigation, or the like.

  The power supply device 20 will be described in detail. The power supply device 20 includes a first lead battery 24A and a second lead battery 24B. In order to individually detect the voltages V1 and V2 of the lead battery 24, detection lines are connected from the voltage sensor (corresponding to voltage detection means) 21 to the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B, respectively. The voltage of the lead battery 24 to be detected is detected by switching an internal switch. A current sensor (corresponding to current detection means) 22 is provided to detect a current I flowing from the lead battery 24 (current common to the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B). The detection values detected by the voltage sensor 21 and the current sensor 22 in this way are output to the control circuit 65. The control circuit 65 transmits a signal related to lighting of the first indicator lamp 23A and the second indicator lamp 23B as necessary. The control circuit (corresponding to internal resistance calculation means and determination means) 65 is constituted by an ECU (electronic control unit) or a microcomputer.

  The two lead batteries 24 each have a rated voltage of 12V. The two lead batteries 24 are connected in series to make the overall rated voltage 24V. Further, although not shown in the drawing, these lead batteries 24 are configured so that power can be sent to the electrical equipment 50 using only one battery as a power source. For this reason, when electric power (voltage) is supplied from the battery power supply on one side to the electrical equipment 50, the deterioration of the lead battery 24 that has been supplied proceeds, and the deterioration rate of the two lead batteries 24 is different. Become. Alternatively, when one lead battery 24 stores heat extremely, abnormal heat generation occurs, which causes deterioration of the corresponding lead battery 24, and a difference in deterioration rates of the two lead batteries 24 may occur. .

  In preparation for such a case, in this embodiment, the internal resistances R1 and R2 of the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B are calculated, and the battery deterioration determination is individually performed based on the calculated internal resistances R1 and R2. carry out.

  Hereinafter, the processing content of the lead battery deterioration determination routine executed by the control circuit 65 will be described. The lead battery deterioration determination routine shown in FIG. 2 is repeatedly executed at a predetermined cycle by the control circuit 65 during the power-on period of the control circuit 65.

  When this routine is started, first, in step 100 (corresponding to the voltage detection step), the voltage sensor 21 detects the voltage V1 and the voltage V2 applied from the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B. Next, in step 110 (corresponding to the current detection step), the current I flowing from the two lead batteries 24 is detected by the current sensor 22.

  In the present embodiment, one voltage sensor 21 individually detects the voltages V1 and V2 applied from the two lead batteries 24, respectively. The detected voltage V1 is the current detected by the internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A and the current sensor 22 from the voltage V01 (release voltage) applied by the first lead battery 24A in a state where the current I is not flowing. Corresponds to the value obtained by subtracting the product of I. Similarly, a value obtained by subtracting the product of the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B and the current I detected by the current sensor 22 from the release voltage V02 is detected as the voltage V2. The voltage V01 and the voltage V02 are detected in advance in a state where the electrical equipment 50, the alternator 52, the starter motor 54, and the like are disconnected from the two lead batteries 24.

  In step 120 (corresponding to the internal resistance calculation step), by applying the already detected voltage V1 and voltage V2, current I, release voltage V01, and release voltage V02 to the following equation (1), the first lead battery 24A The internal resistance R1, the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B, and the total internal resistance R that is the sum of the internal resistance R1 and the internal resistance R2 are calculated, and the process proceeds to step 130.

  In step 130, it is determined whether or not the calculated total internal resistance R is greater than a battery replacement instruction value Rth (corresponding to a third predetermined value). If the total internal resistance R is greater than the battery replacement instruction value Rth (S130: YES), the process proceeds to step 140. In this case, it is necessary to replace the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B in step 140, assuming that the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B cannot supply the minimum current required by the vehicle 10. Is determined. The battery replacement instruction value Rth is set as a value larger than the sum of a first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th and a second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th, which will be described later.

  In step 150, the first indicator lamp 23A and the second indicator lamp 23B are turned on to indicate that both lead batteries 24 need to be replaced, and this routine is terminated.

  If the total internal resistance R is not greater than the battery replacement instruction value Rth (S130: NO), the process proceeds to step 160. In step 160 (corresponding to the determining step), it is determined whether or not the internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A is greater than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th (corresponding to the first predetermined value). When the internal resistance R1 is not greater than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th (S160: NO), the process proceeds to step 190.

  When the internal resistance R1 is larger than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th (S160: YES), the process proceeds to step 170, it is determined that the first lead battery 24A has deteriorated, the process proceeds to step 180, and the first indicator lamp Turn 23A ON.

  In step 190, it is determined whether or not the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B is greater than the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th. When the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B is not larger than the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th (S190: NO), this routine is finished as it is. If the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B is greater than the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th, the process proceeds to step 200, where it is determined that the second lead battery 24B has deteriorated, and in step 210, the second indicator lamp 23B Is turned ON and this routine is terminated.

  The first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th is the sum of the initial internal resistance value R11 of the first lead battery 24A first detected in FIG. 4 and the deterioration determination value ΔR. Similarly, second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th is the sum of initial internal resistance value R22 and deterioration determination value ΔR of second lead battery 24B. Here, the deterioration determination value ΔR is set as a value that makes it impossible to secure the minimum power necessary to make the electrical device 50 function with only one lead battery power source.

  The flowchart of FIG. 3 shows a series of determination control contents executed by the control circuit 65 only for the lead battery 24 when there is a lead battery 24 that has been determined to be deteriorated. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the first lead battery 24 </ b> A is determined to be deteriorated and the first indicator lamp 23 </ b> A for informing it is being lit.

  When this control is executed, first, in step 300, the voltage sensor 21 detects the voltage V1 applied from the first lead battery 24A. Next, at step 310, the current I flowing from the lead battery 24 is detected by the current sensor 22.

  In step 320, as in step 120, the internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A is calculated using the already detected voltage V1, current I, and release voltage V01, and the process proceeds to step 330.

  In step 330, the calculated internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A is a value obtained by subtracting the battery replacement determination threshold value ΔRex (corresponding to the second predetermined value) from the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th (difference between R1th and ΔRex). It is determined whether it is smaller than. The battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex is a decrease value of the internal resistance that can be expected at a minimum when the battery is replaced with a new lead battery 24.

  When the internal resistance R1 is not smaller than the difference between the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th and the battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex (S330: NO), this control is terminated. When the internal resistance R1 is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting the battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex from the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th (S330: YES), the process proceeds to step 340 and the first lead battery 24A has been replaced. Determine and proceed to step 350.

  In step 350, the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th is updated by adding the deterioration determination value ΔR to the internal resistance R1 calculated when it is determined that the battery has been replaced. Then, in step 360, the first indicator lamp 23A is turned off, and this control is finished.

  Next, the operation of the present control system will be described with reference to FIG.

  The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the internal resistance R of the lead battery 24.

  The internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A and the internal resistance R2 of the second lead battery 24B increase as the usage time of the corresponding lead battery 24 elapses. When the internal resistance R2 exceeds the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th, the control circuit 65 lights the second indicator lamp 23B to notify the driver of the deterioration of the second lead battery 24B (see time t1). .

  When the internal resistance R2 becomes smaller than the value obtained by subtracting the battery replacement determination threshold value ΔRex from the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th, the control circuit 65 determines that the second lead battery 24B has been replaced ( Time t2). The value obtained by adding the deterioration determination value ΔR to the initial internal resistance value R22 of the replaced second lead battery 24B detected at this time is updated as the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th of the replaced second lead battery 24B. To do.

  Thereafter, when the internal resistance R1 of the first lead battery 24A becomes larger than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th, the first indicator lamp 23A is turned on to notify the driver of the deterioration of the first lead battery 24A (time). t3).

  If the time passes without replacing the first lead battery 24A, the total internal resistance R exceeds the battery replacement instruction value Rth before receiving the determination that the second lead battery 24B is deteriorated (time t4). reference). In this case, it is determined that the second lead battery 24B is not deteriorated, but it is difficult to supply the minimum power required by the vehicle 10 from the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B. The second indicator lamp 23B is lit.

  With the above configuration, the control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment has the following effects.

  The current I flowing from the two lead batteries 24 is detected by the current sensor 22. Moreover, it has the voltage sensor 21, and detects the voltages V1 and V2 applied from the two lead batteries 24, respectively. From the current I detected by the current sensor 22 and the voltage V1 and voltage V2 detected by the voltage sensor 21, the control circuit 65 calculates the respective internal resistances R1, R2 of the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B. . Then, the control circuit 65 individually determines the deterioration of the two lead batteries 24 based on the calculated internal resistances R1 and R2. For this reason, even if there are two lead batteries 24 connected in series, the deterioration determination can be performed individually, and as a result, it is possible to replace only the lead battery 24 recognized as being deteriorated.

  A detection line is connected to each lead battery 24 from the common voltage sensor 21. Thereby, even if it has the some lead battery 24, since the voltage sensor 21 for detecting the voltage of the lead battery 24 should just be provided individually, cost reduction is attained.

  When the calculated internal resistances R1 and R2 are larger than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th as a value that requires the lead battery 24 to be replaced Then, it is determined that the corresponding lead battery 24 has deteriorated. For this reason, it becomes possible to determine that the lead battery 24 whose internal resistance has become extremely large has deteriorated.

  When the control circuit 65 determines that the internal resistances R1 and R2 are smaller than the difference between the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th and the battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex, It is determined that the lead battery has been replaced. Then, the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th is updated based on the internal resistance R1 or R2 calculated when the replacement is determined. Therefore, it can be determined that the lead battery 24 has been replaced, and the deterioration determination is also performed for the lead battery 24 replaced by updating the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th. Can be carried out.

  If the total internal resistance R, which is the sum of the internal resistances R1 and R2 of the two lead batteries 24, becomes larger than the battery replacement instruction value Rth as a value at which the current required by the vehicle 10 cannot be secured at least, It is determined that all the lead batteries 24 need to be replaced. For this reason, even if there is a lead battery 24 that is not determined to be deteriorated, it is necessary to replace all of the two lead batteries 24 because the current required by the vehicle 10 cannot be secured when viewed as a whole. It becomes possible to instruct.

  The vehicle 10 is configured to be able to supply the voltage of only one lead battery 24 out of two lead batteries 24 connected in series. Even in a vehicle having such a configuration, the control circuit 65 can individually determine the deterioration of the lead battery 24.

  In addition, the said embodiment can also be changed and implemented as follows.

  -In the above-mentioned embodiment, although it was set as the structure provided with two lead batteries 24, it may be comprised not only in this but three or more.

  In the above embodiment, only one voltage sensor 21 is provided. However, the number of lead batteries 24 is not limited thereto.

  When the total internal resistance R of the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B is larger than the battery replacement instruction value Rth, it is determined that the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B are deteriorated. Even if not, the driver is notified to replace both lead batteries 24 through the indicator lamp 23. However, this determination method may be omitted and only the deterioration determination may be performed individually for the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B.

  When the internal resistances R1 and R2 are smaller than the difference between the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th and the battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex, the corresponding lead battery 24 has been replaced. It was judged that there was. In this regard, when the battery replacement determination threshold ΔRex is not provided and the internal resistances R1 and R2 are smaller than the first lead battery replacement instruction value R1th or the second lead battery replacement instruction value R2th, the corresponding lead battery 24 is You may determine with having exchanged.

  In the above embodiment, the two lead batteries 24 are configured such that only one battery power source can be sent to the electrical equipment 50. About this, not only this structure but the structure which cannot send only one battery power supply to the electrical equipment 50 can implement the individual deterioration determination of the lead battery 24 and the replacement | exchange determination of the lead battery 24. Is possible.

  A series of determination control executed by the control circuit 65 described in the flowchart of FIG. 3 is performed for the lead battery 24 when there is a lead battery 24 that has been determined to be deteriorated. was. About this, you may always implement this determination control, without limiting an object.

The control circuit 65 calculates the internal resistances R1 and R2 of the first lead battery 24A and the second lead battery 24B using the formula (1). Regarding this, there is also a method of obtaining the internal resistances R1 and R2 using the current I and the voltages V1 and V2 when the engine 96 is started.
In this case, the internal resistances R1 and R2 are calculated by the following formula (2) (n indicates the number of samplings).

21 ... Voltage sensor, 22 ... Current sensor, 24 ... Battery, 65 ... Control circuit.

Claims (10)

A lead battery deterioration diagnosis device for connecting a plurality of lead batteries (24) in series and diagnosing capacity deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries,
Current detection means (22) for detecting a common current flowing from the plurality of lead batteries;
Voltage detection means (21) for detecting a voltage applied from each of the plurality of lead batteries;
Internal resistance calculating means (65) for calculating the internal resistance of each of the plurality of lead batteries from the current and the voltage;
Determination means (65) for individually determining deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries from the internal resistance calculated by the internal resistance calculation means;
A deterioration diagnosis apparatus for a lead battery, comprising:   The lead voltage deterioration diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage detection unit connects a detection line from a common voltage sensor to each of the batteries.   The determination means determines that the corresponding lead battery is deteriorated when the internal resistance becomes larger than a first predetermined value as a threshold value that needs to be replaced with the lead battery. The deterioration diagnosis apparatus for a lead battery according to claim 1 or 2.   The determination means determines that the lead battery is replaced when the reduction range from the previously calculated internal resistance to the currently calculated internal resistance exceeds a second predetermined value, and determines that the battery has been replaced. The lead battery deterioration diagnosis device according to claim 3, wherein the first predetermined value of the replaced lead battery is updated based on the internal resistance calculated at the time.   When the sum of the internal resistances of the plurality of lead batteries is larger than a third predetermined value as a threshold value at which the vehicle cannot secure the current required by the vehicle at a minimum, the determination means The deterioration diagnosis apparatus for a lead battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein it is determined that replacement is necessary.   About the plurality of lead batteries connected in series, in the vehicle configuration in which the voltage from only one of the lead batteries can be supplied to the vehicle, the determination means individually determines deterioration of the lead battery. The deterioration diagnosis apparatus for a lead battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A battery deterioration diagnosis method for diagnosing capacity deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries in a circuit in which a plurality of lead batteries (24) are connected in series,
A current detection step (S110) for detecting a common current flowing from the plurality of lead batteries;
A voltage detecting step (S100) for detecting a voltage applied from each of the plurality of lead batteries;
An internal resistance calculating step (S120) for calculating the internal resistance of each of the plurality of lead batteries from the current and the voltage;
A determination step (S160, S190) for individually determining deterioration of the plurality of lead batteries from the internal resistance calculated by the internal resistance calculation step;
A deterioration diagnosis method for a lead battery, comprising:   The determining step determines that the corresponding lead battery is deteriorated when the internal resistance is larger than a first predetermined value as a threshold value that needs to replace the lead battery. The deterioration diagnosis method for a lead battery according to claim 7.   The determination step determines that the lead battery corresponding to the case where the reduction range from the previously calculated internal resistance to the currently calculated internal resistance exceeds a second predetermined value is replaced, and determines that the replaced battery has been replaced. 9. The lead battery deterioration diagnosis method according to claim 8, wherein the first predetermined value of the replaced lead battery is updated based on the internal resistance calculated when the lead battery is replaced.   In the determination step, when the sum of the internal resistances of the plurality of lead batteries is larger than a third predetermined value as a value at which the current required by the vehicle cannot be secured at a minimum, all of the lead batteries are 10. The method for diagnosing deterioration of a lead battery according to claim 7, wherein it is determined that replacement is necessary.

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