JP2016029412A - Optical device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical device capable of expanding the application of display devices.SOLUTION: The optical device includes a first optical element and a second optical element. The first optical element is disposed on a display plane of the display device. The first optical element has a first plane on which a first beam of light emitted from the display plane is incident, and a second plane at the side opposite to the first plane. The first optical element includes plural transmission parts and plural non-transmission parts. The plural transmission parts extend in a first direction parallel to the first plane. The plural transmission parts are aligned in a second direction parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction. The non-transmission parts are disposed between the plural transmission parts. The light transmissivity in the non-transmission part is smaller than the light transmissivity in the transmission part. The second optical element is disposed on the first optical element, on which a second light emitted from the second plane is incident. The second optical element emits the second light as a third beam of light and inclines the optical axis of the third light relative to the optical axis of the second light within a plane perpendicular to the second direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an optical device.

  A display device is provided in a portable communication device or a computer. A new application of such a display device is desired.

JP 2009-251194 A

  Embodiments of the present invention provide optical devices that enable new applications of display devices.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the optical device includes a first optical element and a second optical element. The first optical element is disposed on the display surface of the display device. The first optical element has a first surface on which the first light emitted from the display surface is incident, and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first optical element includes a plurality of transmission parts and a plurality of non-transmission parts. Each of the plurality of transmission portions extends in a first direction parallel to the first surface. The plurality of transmission parts are arranged in a second direction parallel to the first surface and perpendicular to the first direction. Each of the plurality of non-transmissive portions is disposed between the plurality of transmissive portions. The light transmittance of the plurality of non-transmissive portions is lower than the light transmittance of the plurality of transmissive portions. The second optical element is disposed on the first optical element, and receives the second light emitted from the second surface. The second optical element emits the second light as a third light, and the optical axis of the third light is within a plane perpendicular to the second direction with respect to the optical axis of the second light. And tilt.

1 is a schematic perspective view showing an optical device according to a first embodiment. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an optical device according to a first embodiment. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an optical device according to a first embodiment. It is a typical perspective view which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a typical top view which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a typical top view which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are graphs showing the characteristics of the optical device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are schematic views showing an optical device according to the second embodiment. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a typical perspective view which shows the optical apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the optical apparatus which concerns on embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The drawings are schematic or conceptual, and the relationship between the thickness and width of each part, the size ratio between the parts, and the like are not necessarily the same as actual ones. Further, even when the same part is represented, the dimensions and ratios may be represented differently depending on the drawings.
Note that, in the present specification and each drawing, the same elements as those described above with reference to the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the optical device according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the optical device according to the first embodiment.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A2 of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the optical device 110 according to the present embodiment includes a first optical element 10 and a second optical element 20. In this example, a third optical element 30 is provided. The third optical element 30 may be included in the optical device 110 or may be provided separately from the optical device 110.

  The optical device 110 is used together with the display device 50. For example, the optical device 110 is disposed on the display device 50. The display device 50 and the optical device 110 are included in the display system 210.

The display device 50 is, for example, a portable display device. As the display device 50, a mobile communication device (such as a mobile phone or a smartphone) or a portable personal computer is used. The display device 50 includes a single display device that outputs video information from the outside. In the embodiment, the display device 50 is optional.
The display device 50 has a display surface 50a. Light (first light L1) including a display image is emitted from the display surface 50a.

  For example, the first optical element 10 is disposed on the display surface 50 a of the display device 50.

  The first optical element 10 has a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b. The first light L1 emitted from the display surface 50a is incident on the first surface 10a. The second surface 10b is different from the first surface 10a. The second surface 10b is a surface opposite to the first surface 10a. The first light L1 enters the first surface 10a, passes through the first optical element 10, and exits from the second surface 10b. The light emitted from the second surface 10b is referred to as second light L2.

  The first optical element 10 includes a plurality of transmission parts 12 and a plurality of non-transmission parts 11. Each of the plurality of transmission parts 12 extends along the first direction. The first direction is a direction parallel to the first surface 10a. The plurality of transmission parts 12 are arranged in the second direction. The second direction is parallel to the first surface 10a and perpendicular to the first direction.

  The first direction is the X-axis direction. The second direction is the Y-axis direction. A direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is taken as a Z-axis direction.

  Each of the plurality of non-transmissive portions 11 is disposed between the plurality of transmissive portions 12. The light transmittance of the plurality of non-transmissive portions 11 is lower than the light transmittance of the plurality of transmissive portions 12.

  The transmission part 12 is, for example, an opening. The non-transmissive part 11 is, for example, a light shielding part. The spread of the second light L2 emitted from the first optical element 10 differs between the first direction (X-axis direction) and the second direction (Y-axis direction). As the first light L1 passes through the first optical element 10, the spread of the second light L2 along the second direction is made narrower than the spread of the second light L2 along the first direction. An example of the configuration and characteristics of the first optical element 10 will be described later.

  The second optical element 20 is disposed on the first optical element 10. The second optical element 20 is incident with the second light L2 emitted from the second surface 10b of the first optical element 10. The second optical element 20 has a third surface 20a and a fourth surface 20b. The third surface 20a faces the second surface 10b. The third surface 20a is substantially parallel to the XY plane, for example. The second light L2 is incident on the third surface 20a. The fourth surface 20b is different from the third surface 20a. The fourth surface 20b is a surface opposite to the third surface 20a. The light (second light L2) incident on the third surface 20a passes through the second optical element 20 and exits from the fourth surface 20b. This light emitted from the fourth surface 20b is referred to as third light L3.

  The second optical element 20 tilts the optical axis of the third light L3 with respect to the optical axis of the second light L2. The direction of inclination is in a plane perpendicular to the second direction (in the XZ plane).

  For example, the optical axis of the third light L3 is inclined (non-parallel) with respect to the optical axis of the second light L2. The optical axis of the third light L3 and the optical axis of the second light L2 are parallel to a plane (XZ plane) perpendicular to the second direction. However, the optical axis in this example passes through the center of each element.

  For example, a prism can be used for the second optical element 20. The second optical element 20 includes a plurality of convex portions 21. The plurality of convex portions 21 are provided on at least one of the third surface 20a and the fourth surface 20b. The plurality of convex portions 21 form a prism. That is, each of the plurality of convex portions 21 includes the first slope 21f1 and the second slope 21f2. The first inclined surface 21f1 is inclined with respect to the first surface 10a and extends in the second direction. The second inclined surface 21f2 is inclined with respect to the first surface 10a, intersects the first inclined surface 21f1, and extends along the second direction. The angle θf1 between the first surface 10a and the first inclined surface 21f1 is different from the angle θf2 between the first surface 10a and the second inclined surface 21f2. Thereby, in the second optical element 20, the direction of the optical axis can be changed.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of a cross section taken along line A1-A2 of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the second optical element 20 includes a first portion 22 and a second portion 23. The first portion 22 includes a third surface 22a on which the second light L2 is incident, and a fourth surface 22b opposite to the third surface 22a. The second portion 23 has a fifth surface 23a facing the fourth surface 22b and a sixth surface 23b opposite to the fifth surface 23a. The first portion 22 includes a plurality of first convex portions 21a provided on at least one of the third surface 22a and the fourth surface 22b. The second portion 23 includes a plurality of second convex portions 21b provided on at least one of the fifth surface 23a and the sixth surface 23b.

  The plurality of first convex portions 21a form a prism. That is, each of the plurality of first convex portions 21a includes the first slope 21f1 and the second slope 21f2 as in the example of FIG. The first inclined surface 21f1 is inclined with respect to the first surface 10a and extends in the second direction. The second inclined surface 21f2 is inclined with respect to the first surface 10a, intersects the first inclined surface 21f1, and extends along the second direction. The angle θf1 between the first surface 10a and the first inclined surface 21f1 is different from the angle θf2 between the first surface 10a and the second inclined surface 21f2. The plurality of second convex portions 21b form a Fresnel lens. That is, each of the plurality of second convex portions 21b has an arc shape when projected onto the third surface 22a (see FIG. 8 described later).

  In this case, for example, when the second optical element 20 is projected onto a plane including the first direction and the second direction of the first optical element 10, the center 10c in the plane and the second portion 23 (Fresnel lens). ) May overlap with the optical center 20c. Thus, in addition to the function of changing the direction of the optical axis by the prism, the second optical element 20 may further have a function of condensing light by the Fresnel lens.

  The first portion 22 and the second portion 23 may be reversed in the stacking direction. That is, the second portion 23 may be disposed on the first optical element 10 side, and the first portion 22 may be provided on the second portion 23.

  The third light L3 tilted by the second optical element 20 enters the third optical element 30, is reflected by the third optical element 30, and reaches the viewer 80. The viewer 80 views the display device 50 (display system 210). The viewer 80 is a user of the optical device 110. The third optical element 30 is, for example, a combiner.

  That is, the second optical element 20 emits the third light L3 toward the third optical element 30 provided to be inclined with respect to the first surface 10a.

  The third optical element 30 has a seventh surface 30a and an eighth surface 30b. The eighth surface 30b is a surface opposite to the seventh surface 30a.

  The third light L3 emitted from the second optical element 20 is reflected by the seventh surface 30a. The light reflected by the seventh surface 30a is referred to as fourth light L4. The fourth light L4 travels toward the viewer 80. That is, the third light L3 is reflected by the third optical element 30 and enters the viewer.

  For example, the fourth light L <b> 4 reflected by the seventh surface 30 a is incident on one eye 81 of the viewer 80. The fourth light L4 does not enter the other eye of the viewer 80.

  The human viewer 80 visually recognizes the incident fourth light L4 with only one eye 81 and does not visually recognize with the other eye. Viewing with only one eye enhances the perception of depth. Furthermore, since no parallax occurs, the display is easy to see.

  Thus, the third optical element 30 is reflective. The third optical element 30 may be light transmissive. That is, the third optical element 30 may be semi-transmissive semi-reflective.

  In this case, the fifth light L5 including the background image passes through the third optical element 30. For example, the fifth light L5 including the background image incident on the eighth surface 30b passes through the third optical element 30 and is emitted from the seventh surface 30a. The sixth light L6 emitted from the seventh surface 30a travels toward the viewer 80. The sixth light L6 is incident on both the one eye 81 and the other eye of the human viewer 80.

  In the display system 210, the display image emitted from the display device 50 enters one eye 81 of the viewer 80 and does not enter the other eye. On the other hand, the background image is incident on both eyes of the viewer. The viewer 80 views the display image superimposed on the background image. Since the background image is viewed by both eyes, the background image is perceived. On the other hand, since the display image superimposed on the background image is viewed only by one eye 81, the display image is easily perceived at the depth position of the superimposed background image. That is, the perception regarding depth is enhanced in the display image.

  Thus, in the embodiment, in addition to the normal usage method of directly viewing the display device 50, a new application of the display device 50 is enabled. In this new application, the display image is reflected by the third optical element 30 and perceived, for example, by being superimposed on the background image.

  It is desirable that the display device 50 be installed substantially horizontally as viewed from the viewer 80. And in order to reflect the light radiate | emitted from the display apparatus 50, the 3rd optical element 30 is inclined and installed from a horizontal surface. In the optical device 110 according to the embodiment, the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20 are disposed between the display device 50 and the third optical element 30.

  The second optical element 20 makes light from the display device 50 arranged substantially horizontally enter the third optical element 30. That is, the optical axis is inclined. Thereby, the light from the display device 50 arranged horizontally can be incident on the third optical element 30, reflected, and incident on the viewer 80.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment, for example, the display image is perceived only by one eye 81. For this reason, the spread in the left-right direction of the light (fourth light L4) incident on the viewer 80 is reduced.

  For example, the first optical element 10 is provided with a plurality of transmission parts 12 and a plurality of non-transmission parts 11. Thereby, the 1st optical element 10 can control the breadth of the light (1st light L1) from the display apparatus 50, and can make the breadth of the left-right direction (corresponding to a 2nd direction) small. As a result, the lateral spread of the light (fourth light L4) incident on the viewer 80 can be narrowed, and the light can enter only one eye 81 of the viewer 80.

  Thus, the first optical element 10 controls the spread of light to narrow the spread of light. Further, the second optical element 20 may have a condensing function. That is, also in the second optical element 20, the spread of light is narrowed. In this way, in addition to the first optical element 10, the second optical element 20 is also used to narrow the spread of the light, so that the width of the light (fourth light L4) incident on the viewer 80 in the left-right direction. Can be narrowed.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an optical device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an optical device according to the second embodiment.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B1-B2 of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the optical device 111 according to this embodiment includes a first optical element 10 and a second optical element 20. In this example, a third optical element 30 is provided. The third optical element 30 may be included in the optical device 111 or may be provided separately from the optical device 111.

  The optical device 111 is used together with the display device 50. For example, the optical device 111 is disposed on the display device 50. The display device 50 and the optical device 111 are included in the display system 211.

  For example, a Fresnel lens can be used for the second optical element 20. Thereby, a condensing function is obtained. The optical axis direction of the second optical element 20 can be changed by shifting the optical center of the Fresnel lens from the center of the first optical element 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second optical element 20 includes a plurality of convex portions 21. The plurality of convex portions 21 are provided on at least one of the third surface 20a and the fourth surface 20b. The plurality of convex portions 21 are provided concentrically, for example.

  When projected onto the third surface 20a (for example, the XY plane), each of the plurality of convex portions 21 has an arc shape. The plurality of convex portions 21 form a Fresnel lens.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second optical element 20 has an optical center 20c. The optical center 20 c is shifted from the center 10 c of the first optical element 10. The direction of the shift is along the first direction (X-axis direction).

  The center 10c of the first optical element 10 is the center of the first optical element 10 in the XY plane (a plane including the first direction and the second direction). The optical center 20c of the second optical element 20 is separated from the center 10c of the first optical element 10 in the first direction.

  Thereby, the optical axis of the third light L3 emitted from the second optical element 20 is inclined with respect to the second light L2, and the third light L3 can enter the third optical element 30.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the optical center 20 c of the second optical element 20 may not be provided in the second optical element 20. The optical center 20 c may be located in a space away from the second optical element 20. The optical center 20c can be estimated from, for example, a position where parallel light is incident on the second optical element 20 to be focused.

  For example, the third optical element 30 includes a lower portion 30l and an upper portion 30u. The distance between the upper portion 30u and the first optical element 10 is longer than the distance between the lower portion 30l and the first optical element 10. At this time, the direction of shift of the optical center 20c of the second optical element 20 corresponds to the direction from the upper part 30u of the third optical element 30 toward the lower part 30l. That is, the distance Du along the first direction between the optical center 20c of the second optical element 20 and the upper portion 30u is the first distance between the optical center 20c of the second optical element 20 and the lower portion 30l. It is longer than the distance Dl along one direction.

  For example, the direction of the direction in which the traveling direction of the third light L3 between the second optical element 20 and the third optical element 30 is projected on the first surface 10a (XY plane) is from the upper part 30u to the lower part. The direction toward 30l is the same as the direction of the direction projected on the first surface 10a.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an optical device according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, the first light L1 emitted from the display device 50 has a component along the Z-axis direction. The first light L1 enters the first optical element 10, and the second light L2 exits from the first optical element 10. The direction of the component along the Z-axis direction of the first light L1 does not change even when it passes through the first optical element 20. The second light L2 enters the second optical element 20, and the third light L3 exits from the second optical element 20. The third light L3 is inclined with respect to the Z axis. The three light beams depicted in FIG. 6 are changed in direction by the third optical element 30, and are collected, for example, and enter the viewer 80 as the fourth light L4.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view illustrating an optical device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 7 illustrates the first optical element 10.
As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of transmission parts 12 and a plurality of non-transmission parts 11 are provided. For example, at least one of transparent resin and transparent glass is used for each of the plurality of transmission portions 12. For example, a metal film is used for each of the plurality of non-transmissive portions 11.

  The width w11 along the second direction (Y-axis direction) of each of the plurality of non-transmissive portions 11 is, for example, not less than 50 micrometers (μm) and not more than 500 μm. The width w12 along the second direction of each of the plurality of transmission parts 12 is, for example, not less than 50 μm and not more than 500 μm. If the width w11 is excessively narrow, for example, manufacturing becomes difficult. When the width w11 is excessively wide, for example, the degree of shielding of transmitted light is increased, the luminance is insufficient, and the display function during viewing is significantly reduced. If the width w12 is excessively narrow, for example, the width w11 increases the degree of shielding of transmitted light, resulting in insufficient luminance. If the width w12 is excessively wide, for example, it becomes difficult to limit the viewing area (viewing area) as desired. As a result, viewing with monocular vision becomes difficult.

  The ratio (w12 / Lp) of the width w12 along the second direction of each of the plurality of transmission parts 12 to the pitch Lp of the plurality of transmission parts 12 is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.8 or less. The ratio (w12 / Lp) corresponds to the aperture ratio. When the ratio (w12 / Lp) is excessively low, for example, the luminance is insufficient. If the ratio (w12 / Lp) is excessively high, for example, manufacturing becomes difficult.

  The pitch Lp of the plurality of transmission parts 12 is the same as the pitch of the plurality of non-transmission parts 11. The pitch Lp of the plurality of transmission parts 12 is, for example, not less than 50 μm and not more than 500 μm. If the pitch Lp is excessively small, for example, manufacturing becomes difficult. If the pitch Lp is excessively large, for example, the resolution is insufficient.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view illustrating an optical device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 illustrates the second optical element 20.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the 2nd optical element 20, the some convex-shaped part 21 has an arc-shaped (arc-shaped) part. That is, at least one of the plurality of convex portions 21 includes an arc 21c (arc). The plurality of convex portions 21 are provided concentrically, for example. The center of the concentric circle corresponds to the optical center 20 c of the second optical element 20.

  The pitch Cp of the plurality of convex portions 21 is, for example, 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. If the pitch Cp is excessively small, for example, diffracted light enters both eyes and a desired viewing area cannot be formed. For example, monocular vision cannot be obtained. If the pitch Cp is excessively large, for example, the resolution is insufficient.

FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are graphs illustrating characteristics of the optical device according to the second embodiment.
These drawings illustrate the spread of the second light L2 emitted from the first optical element 10. FIG. 9A shows the spread of light in the Y-axis direction, and the horizontal axis is the angle in the Y-axis direction. FIG. 9B shows the spread of light in the X-axis direction, and the horizontal axis is the angle in the X-axis direction. The vertical axis represents the relative intensity Int of light. The angle is an angle based on the Z-axis direction.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the spread of light is narrow in the Y-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 9B, the spread of light is wide in the X-axis direction. The angle of the full width at half maximum in the first direction (X-axis direction) of the second light L2 is defined as a first angle αx. The angle of the full width at half maximum in the second direction (Y-axis direction) of the second light L2 is defined as a second angle αy. The first angle αx is larger than the second angle αy. That is, the second angle αy is smaller than the first angle αx. The full width at half maximum corresponds to the angle at which the light intensity is ½ of the maximum light intensity.

  For example, the second angle αy is preferably 5 degrees or less. Thereby, for example, the spread of light is suppressed, and light can be incident on one eye 81 of the viewer 80. More preferably, the second angle αy is 3 degrees or less. Thereby, even when the position of the human viewer 80 moves, it is easy to maintain a state in which light is incident on one eye 81.

  Such characteristics of the first optical element 10 are obtained by the following configuration, for example.

FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are schematic views illustrating the optical device according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 10A is a schematic plan view showing the first optical element 10 in an enlarged manner.
FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view.
As shown in FIG. 10A, a frame portion 13 is provided in the first optical element 10. The frame portion 13 becomes the periphery of the first optical element 10. A plurality of non-transmissive portions 11 are connected to the frame portion 13. The non-transmissive part 11 extends in the X-axis direction. In this example, a metal film is used for the non-transmissive portion 11. A space between the non-transmissive portions 11 is a transmissive portion 12. The transmission part 12 is a gap. The transmission part 12 is an air layer.

  Two ends of the non-transmissive portion 11 in the X-axis direction are connected to the frame portion 13. When the length of the non-transmissive portion 11 in the X-axis direction is longer than the width w11 of the non-transmissive portion 11, the non-transmissive portion 11 is easily bent. In this example, the connection portion 14 is provided between the two ends of the non-transmissive portion 11. The connection part 14 extends in the Y-axis direction and is connected to the plurality of non-transmissive parts 11.

  For example, the width w11 (the length in the Y-axis direction) of the non-transmissive portion 11 is about 100 μm. The width w12 (the length in the Y-axis direction) of the transmission part 12 is, for example, about 303 μm. The pitch Lp of the plurality of transmission parts 12 (the pitch of the plurality of non-transmission parts 11) is about 403 μm. The width of the connecting portion 14 (width in the X-axis direction) is about 100 μm. A plurality of connection portions 14 may be provided. The plurality of connecting portions 14 are arranged in the X-axis direction.

  The length of the non-transmissive portion 11 (the length in the X-axis direction) is, for example, about 60 mm. The length of the first optical element in the X-axis direction is, for example, about 70 mm. The length of the first optical element 10 in the Y-axis direction is, for example, about 110 mm.

  As illustrated in FIG. 10B, the thickness t11 (length in the Z-axis direction) of the non-transmissive portion 11 is about 6 mm. Each of the above values is an example, and various modifications can be made in the embodiment.

  The thickness of the transmission part 12 is substantially the same as the thickness t11 of the non-transmission part 11. In this example, the aspect ratio of the transmission part 12 is substantially t11 / w12, and in this example, it is 20. Providing such a high aspect ratio transmission portion 12 can reduce the spread of light in the Y-axis direction. In this example, the angle of light spread in the second direction (Y-axis direction) (second angle αy of full width at half maximum) is about 3 degrees.

  In the embodiment, the ratio (aspect ratio) of the width w12 along the second direction (Y-axis direction) of the transmissive portion 12 to the thickness t11 (length in the Z-axis direction) of the non-transmissive portion 11 is 10 or more. Preferably there is. As a result, the second angle αy can be reduced, and the intended viewing zone can be obtained.

  The angle of light spread (diffusion angle) varies depending on the aspect ratio. The viewing area (the width of light incident on the viewer 80) at a predetermined viewing position is determined by the aspect ratio. The aspect ratio may be determined according to the viewing position. For example, when the distance (viewing distance) between the viewing position and the first optical element 10 is about 100 cm, and the width of the viewing area (left-right width) is 5 cm, the aspect ratio is 100 cm / 5 cm and 20 If the viewing distance is shorter, the aspect ratio may be made smaller.

  On the other hand, when the aspect ratio is excessively low, the viewing distance becomes excessively short. If the viewing distance is excessively short, it is difficult to obtain an effect of enhancing depth perception by monocular vision. For example, when the viewing distance is 21.7 cm or more, more preferably 35.5 cm, and even more preferably 63.4 cm or more, the effect of enhancing depth perception by monocular vision can be effectively obtained. The viewing distance is preferably about 50 cm or more, for example. At this time, if the width of the viewing area is 5 cm so that light is incident on only one eye, the aspect ratio is 10.

  The aspect ratio is preferably less than 80. If the aspect ratio is excessively high, the difference between the width of the viewing area of the monocular and the pupil diameter becomes small, and the light shielding area may overlap the pupil. For this reason, the display becomes dark. Further, the manufacturing becomes difficult.

  The first optical element 10 of this example can be formed, for example, by providing an opening corresponding to the transmission portion 12 in a metal plate by etching and laminating a plurality of such metal plates. The portion of the metal plate becomes the non-transmissive portion 11. The opening becomes the transmission part 12. If necessary, a light absorbing film may be formed on the surface of the metal plate.

  In this example, the transmission part 12 is a gap and is an air layer. However, in the embodiment, a light-transmitting resin layer or the like may be used as the transmission part 12. When the transmission part 12 is an air layer, since light absorption can be suppressed, it is preferable.

The first optical element 10 can also be obtained by forming an opening in a thick metal plate. For example, the first optical element 10 may be formed by injection molding. In the embodiment, the method of forming the first optical element 10 is arbitrary.
The first optical element 10 may be formed by electroforming, for example. The first optical element 10 may be formed by processing a metal plate with a laser to form a slit. For the first optical element 10, for example, a black material having high hardness is used. The first optical element 10 may be painted black.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an optical device according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 11, the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20 are also provided in the optical device 112 and the display system 212 according to the present embodiment. The third optical element 30 may be included in the optical device 112 or may be provided separately from the optical device 112. In the present embodiment, the third optical element 30 has optical power. Except this, it can be the same as that of the second embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  The seventh surface 30a of the third optical element 30 is, for example, concave. For example, the third optical element 30 has a light collecting property. Since the third optical element 30 has power, the fourth light L4 reflected by the third optical element 30 is collected. The human viewer 80 views the condensed fourth light L4. The display image included in the fourth light L4 is enlarged and viewed.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an optical device according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 12, the third light L3 is reflected by the third optical element 30 and becomes the fourth light L4. The viewer 80 views the virtual image L4a formed by the fourth light L4.

  When the third optical element 30 has power, for example, the condensing characteristic (power) of the second optical element 20 is designed in conformity with the power of the third optical element 30.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an optical device according to the fourth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 13, in the optical device 113 and the display system 213 according to the present embodiment, a holding unit 60 is further provided. Other than this, since it can be the same as in the second and third embodiments, the description is omitted.

  The holding unit 60 is connected to the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20. The holding unit 60 integrally holds the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20. The holding part 60 includes, for example, a side part 61, a protruding part 62, and a coupling part 64. The side surface portion 61 faces the side surface of the first optical element 10 and the side surface of the second optical element 20. The bottom of the first optical element 10 is held by the protrusion 62. The coupling portion 64 is connected to the side surface portion 61. The coupling unit 64 is coupled with the third optical element 30. The third optical element 30 is tilted and held on the first optical element 10 by the coupling portion 64.

  In the holding part 60, two side parts 61 are provided. The two side surfaces 61 are separated from each other in the Y-axis direction. A protrusion 62 is provided on each of the two side surfaces 61. A space 63 is provided below the first optical element 10 between the two side surface portions 61. The display device 50 is inserted into the space 63. The display device 50 can have a state of being disposed in the space 63 and a state of being taken out of the space 63.

  The holding unit 60 defines a spatial arrangement between at least one of the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20 and the display device 50. For example, the positions of the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20 are defined by the two side surfaces 61 and the two protrusions 62. The position of the display device 50 is defined by the two side surfaces 61. The holding unit 60 holds the display device 50 in a detachable manner.

Hereinafter, examples of usage states of the optical device according to the embodiment will be described. Hereinafter, an example of the optical device 111 will be described. The following description can be applied to any optical device according to the above-described embodiment and modifications thereof. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the use state of the optical device according to the embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 14, the optical device 111 according to the embodiment can be mounted on a moving body 720 and used. The moving body 720 is a vehicle, a train, a ship, an aircraft, etc., and is arbitrary. A viewer 80 gets on the moving body 720. The moving body 720 includes an operation console 721 (such as a dashboard). The display device 50 is disposed on the operation table 721, and the first optical element 10 and the second optical element 20 are disposed thereon.

  The spread of the fourth light L4 reflected by the third optical element 30 is limited. The light beam of the fourth light L4 forms the visible region VA. The distance between the left and right eyes (pupils) of the viewer 80 is, for example, not less than 60 mm and not more than 75 mm, for example, about 65 mm. The width in the left-right direction of the visible area VA is, for example, 75 mm or less, for example, 65 mm or less. That is, at the position of the eye 81 of the viewer 80, the width of the fourth light L4 in the left-right direction is 75 mm or less, for example, 65 mm or less. A state is formed in which the fourth light L4 is incident on one eye 81 of the viewer 80 and is not incident on the other eye. The human viewer 80 views the virtual image L4a generated by the fourth light L4 with one eye 81.

  The fifth light L5 including the background image passes through the third optical element 30 and enters the eyes of both the viewers 80 as the sixth light L6. The background image includes an image of a road ahead of the moving body 720 (such as a vehicle). The display image includes, for example, graphics such as arrows for navigation and characters and characters. The display image is superimposed on the background image and perceived by one eye 81, so that the depth position of the display image is enhanced and perceived.

According to the embodiment, for example, a portable display device 50 (for example, a smartphone) can be brought into the vehicle and used as, for example, a navigation device. The display device 50 is disposed on the operation console 721, and is disposed substantially horizontally, for example. In order to view the background image through the third optical element 30, the third optical element 30 is arranged vertically or inclined. The second optical element 20 is used so that light from the display device 50 arranged substantially horizontally enters the third optical element 30. And the 1st optical element 10 which restrict | limits the breadth of light is used so that light may inject into the one eye 81 of the human viewer 80. FIG. Furthermore, since the second optical element 20 has a light condensing property, the spread of light is further controlled. Note that the display device 50 does not have to be installed in a strictly horizontal manner.
In the second optical element 20, the optical axis is inclined. Thereby, the incident angle in the 3rd optical element 30 can be made small. For example, when the third optical element 30 is a concave combiner (including a concave Fresnel mirror), the image is distorted as the incident angle increases. By tilting the optical axis in the second optical element 20, the incident angle in the third optical element 30 can be reduced, and the third optical element 30 can be brought close to a vertical state. The third optical element 30 can reduce the size of the combiner by reducing the incident angle in the planar combiner.

  According to the embodiment, an optical device that enables a new application of the display device can be provided.

  In the present specification, “vertical” and “parallel” include not only strictly vertical and strictly parallel, but also include, for example, variations in the manufacturing process, and may be substantially vertical and substantially parallel. It ’s fine.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific examples. For example, the specific configuration of each element such as the first optical element, the second optical element, the third optical element and the holding unit, and the display device included in the optical device is appropriately selected by those skilled in the art from a known range. By doing so, the present invention is included in the scope of the present invention as long as the same effects can be obtained and similar effects can be obtained.

  Moreover, what combined any two or more elements of each specific example in the technically possible range is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is included.

  In addition, all optical devices that can be implemented by those skilled in the art based on the above-described optical device as an embodiment of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention as long as they include the gist of the present invention. .

  In addition, in the category of the idea of the present invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of various changes and modifications, and it is understood that these changes and modifications also belong to the scope of the present invention. .

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... 1st optical element, 10a ... 1st surface, 10b ... 2nd surface, 10c ... Center, 11 ... Non-transmission part, 12 ... Transmission part, 13 ... Frame part, 14 ... Connection part, 20 ... 2nd optical element 20a, 22a ... third surface, 20b, 22b ... fourth surface, 20c ... optical center, 21 ... convex portion, 21a ... first convex portion, 21b ... second convex portion, 21c ... arc, 21f1 ... 1st slope, 21f2 ... 2nd slope, 22 ... 1st part, 23 ... 2nd part, 23a ... 5th surface, 23b ... 6th surface, 30 ... 3rd optical element, 30a ... 7th surface, 30b ... 8th surface, 30l ... lower part, 30u ... upper part, 50 ... display device, 50a ... display surface, 60 ... holding part, 61 ... side part, 62 ... projection part, 63 ... space, 64 ... coupling part, 80 ... viewer, 81 ... eye, αx ... first angle, αy ... second 110, 111, 112, 113 ... optical device, 210, 211, 212, 213 ... display system, 720 ... moving body, 721 ... operating table, Cp ... pitch, Dl, Du ... distance, L1-L6 ... first -6th light, L4a ... virtual image, Lp ... pitch, VA ... visible region, w11, w12 ... width

Claims (7)

A first optical element disposed on a display surface of a display device, wherein the first optical element is opposite to the first surface on which the first light emitted from the display surface is incident and the first surface And the first optical element includes a plurality of transmission parts and a plurality of non-transmission parts, and each of the plurality of transmission parts is parallel to the first surface. The plurality of transmission parts extend in a first direction, and are arranged in a second direction parallel to the first surface and perpendicular to the first direction, and each of the plurality of non-transmission parts includes the The first optical element, which is disposed between the plurality of transmission parts, and the light transmittance of the plurality of non-transmission parts is lower than the light transmittance of the plurality of transmission parts,
A second optical element disposed on the first optical element and receiving a second light emitted from the second surface, wherein the second light is emitted as a third light, and an optical axis of the third light Tilting the optical axis of the second light within a plane perpendicular to the second direction,
An optical device. The second optical element has a third surface on which the second light is incident, and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface,
The second optical element includes a plurality of convex portions provided on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface,
Each of the plurality of convex portions is inclined with respect to the first surface and extends along the second direction, and the second inclined direction is inclined with respect to the first surface and intersects the first inclined surface. A second slope along
The optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an angle between the first surface and the first slope is different from an angle between the first surface and the second slope. The second optical element is
A first portion having a third surface on which the second light is incident and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface;
A second portion having a fifth surface facing the fourth surface and a sixth surface opposite to the fifth surface;
The first portion includes a plurality of first convex portions provided on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface,
The second portion includes a plurality of second convex portions provided on at least one of the fifth surface and the sixth surface,
Each of the plurality of first convex portions is inclined with respect to the first surface and extends along the second direction, and is inclined with respect to the first surface and intersects with the first inclined surface. A second slope along two directions,
The angle between the first surface and the first slope is different from the angle between the first surface and the second slope,
2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of second convex portions has an arc shape when projected onto the third surface. The second optical element has a third surface on which the second light is incident, and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface,
The second optical element includes a plurality of convex portions provided on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface,
Each of the plurality of convex portions when projected onto the third surface is arcuate,
2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein an optical center of the second optical element is separated from a center in a plane including the first direction and the second direction of the first optical element in the first direction. .   The optical device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of convex portions form a Fresnel lens. The second optical element emits the third light toward a third optical element provided to be inclined with respect to the first surface,
The third optical element has a seventh surface and an eighth surface opposite to the seventh surface,
The third light is reflected by the seventh surface;
Light including a background image incident on the eighth surface passes through the third optical element and exits from the seventh surface, and travels toward the viewer of the display device.
The optical device according to claim 4, wherein the third light is reflected by the third optical element and is incident on one eye of the viewer. A holding unit connected to the first optical element and the second optical element;
The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the holding unit defines a spatial arrangement between at least one of the first optical element and the second optical element and the display device.

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