JP2015126339A - Bone conduction speaker - Google Patents

Bone conduction speaker Download PDF

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JP2015126339A
JP2015126339A JP2013268751A JP2013268751A JP2015126339A JP 2015126339 A JP2015126339 A JP 2015126339A JP 2013268751 A JP2013268751 A JP 2013268751A JP 2013268751 A JP2013268751 A JP 2013268751A JP 2015126339 A JP2015126339 A JP 2015126339A
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vibration
vibration element
piezoelectric vibration
bone conduction
piezoelectric
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イン タン
Ying Tang
イン タン
博郷 大野
Hirosato Ono
博郷 大野
尚 堀井
Takashi Horii
尚 堀井
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TANG YING
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TANG YING
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Priority to JP2013268751A priority Critical patent/JP2015126339A/en
Priority to CN201480057341.0A priority patent/CN105745941B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/080848 priority patent/WO2015096434A1/en
Publication of JP2015126339A publication Critical patent/JP2015126339A/en
Priority to HK16114683A priority patent/HK1230823A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bone conduction speaker capable of effectively conducting vibration of a piezoelectric vibration element to a vibration body and reducing the externally directing sound leakage and howling.SOLUTION: On one surface of a bone conduction speaker 10 of the present invention, a plate-like piezoelectric vibration element 20 is circumferentially fixed to a circumference salient 32 of a vibration body 30 with the center thereof coming into contact with a central salient 31, and the opposite surface of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is covered by a resin back case 40. Since the central salient 31 of the vibration body comes in contact with the center of the piezoelectric vibration element where the vibration converted by the piezoelectric vibration element from a sound signal becomes the largest, a vibration can be performed by effectively picking up the vibration. In addition, the vibration body does not use a vibration control damper, thereby achieving a high vibration conduction without absorption. Furthermore, an aerial vibration of a space between the piezoelectric vibration element and the back case is absorbed by the resin back case, a sound leakage to the outside is reduced with lower howling.

Description

本発明は、音信号を圧電素子によって変換した振動を、鼓膜を介さずに頭部の骨から聴神経に伝える骨伝導スピーカーに関する。   The present invention relates to a bone conduction speaker that transmits vibration obtained by converting a sound signal by a piezoelectric element from the bone of the head to the auditory nerve without passing through the eardrum.

骨伝導スピーカーは、従来よりコイル式のものが用いられていたが、最近では、低消費電力で電磁波の発生が少ない圧電式のものが多く利用されている。
特許文献１には、円板状の圧電素子の周囲に環状の制振ダンパーを装着し、該制振ダンパーを2つの凹状筐体で挟み込むことにより、圧電素子をこれら筐体内に収納した耳穴式骨伝導スピーカー（イヤホン）が記載されている。圧電素子の振動を伝える側の筐体には、圧電素子の側の中央に圧電素子に向けて突出する円筒突出部が形成されており、反対側の中央には円筒状の中空ロッドが突設されている。圧電素子は、その中心部がこの円筒突出部に接着されており、振動は、この円筒突出部から中空ロッドを介して使用者の外耳道付近の軟骨又は骨に伝達される。反対側の筐体はウェイトカバーとなっており、これら筐体内部の空気振動を外部に漏れにくくするために重量をもたせている。特許文献１では、上記制振ダンパーは、圧電素子からの振動が筐体を介して外部に漏れるのを低減するとともに、周波数の特性を改善するなどのために備えられている、とされている。 Conventionally, a bone-type speaker has been used as a coil-type speaker, but recently, a piezoelectric-type speaker with low power consumption and less generation of electromagnetic waves has been widely used.
In Patent Document 1, an annular damping damper is mounted around a disk-shaped piezoelectric element, and the damping damper is sandwiched between two concave casings, whereby the piezoelectric element is housed in these casings. A bone conduction speaker (earphone) is described. The casing on the side that transmits the vibration of the piezoelectric element has a cylindrical protrusion that protrudes toward the piezoelectric element at the center of the piezoelectric element, and a cylindrical hollow rod protrudes from the center of the opposite side. Has been. The central portion of the piezoelectric element is bonded to the cylindrical protrusion, and vibration is transmitted from the cylindrical protrusion to the cartilage or bone near the user's ear canal via the hollow rod. The housing on the opposite side is a weight cover, and has a weight to make it difficult for air vibrations inside the housing to leak to the outside. In Patent Document 1, it is said that the above-described vibration damper is provided to reduce the leakage of vibration from the piezoelectric element to the outside through the housing and improve the frequency characteristics. .

特開2010-087810号公報JP 2010-087810 A

骨伝導スピーカーでは、圧電素子からの振動（エネルギー）を効率的に振動体に伝えることや、外部に漏れる振動（音）により生じるハウリングを防止することなどが重要となる。特許文献１に記載の耳穴式骨伝導スピーカー（イヤホン）では、制振ダンパーにより振動を吸収しているため、そこで振動エネルギーの損失が生じる。また、振動を骨に伝達する中空ロッドにおいても、中空部で振動エネルギーの損失が生じる。そして、ウェイトカバーにより筐体内部の空気振動の外部への漏出を防止しようとしているものの、重量のあるウェイトカバーはむしろ振動を伝達しやすいことから、音漏れ対策（ハウリング対策）が十分ではないという問題がある。   In a bone conduction speaker, it is important to efficiently transmit vibration (energy) from a piezoelectric element to a vibrating body and to prevent howling caused by vibration (sound) leaking to the outside. In the ear hole type bone conduction speaker (earphone) described in Patent Document 1, vibration is absorbed by the damping damper, and therefore, vibration energy is lost. Also, in the hollow rod that transmits vibration to the bone, vibration energy is lost in the hollow portion. Although the weight cover tries to prevent leakage of air vibration inside the housing to the outside, the heavy weight cover is rather easy to transmit vibration, so the sound leakage countermeasure (howling countermeasure) is not sufficient. There's a problem.

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、圧電素子の振動を効率的に振動体に伝えることができ、且つ、外部への音漏れ及びハウリングを減少した骨伝導スピーカーを提供することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bone conduction speaker that can efficiently transmit vibrations of a piezoelectric element to a vibrating body and reduce external sound leakage and howling.

上記課題を解決するために成された本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーは、
a) 板状の圧電振動素子と、
b) 前記圧電振動素子の一面側に配置された、該圧電振動素子の中央において該圧電振動素子に当接する中央凸部と、該圧電振動素子の周縁において該圧電振動素子に固定される周縁凸部とを有する板状の振動体と、
c) 前記圧電振動素子の他面側に配置された、前記振動体の前記周縁凸部において該振動体に固定される蓋状の樹脂製背面ケースと
を備えることを特徴とする。 The bone conduction speaker according to the present invention made to solve the above problems is
a) a plate-like piezoelectric vibration element;
b) A central convex portion that is disposed on one surface side of the piezoelectric vibration element and contacts the piezoelectric vibration element at the center of the piezoelectric vibration element, and a peripheral protrusion that is fixed to the piezoelectric vibration element at the periphery of the piezoelectric vibration element. A plate-like vibrator having a portion;
c) A lid-shaped resin back case that is disposed on the other surface side of the piezoelectric vibration element and is fixed to the vibration body at the peripheral convex portion of the vibration body.

本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーでは、板状の圧電振動素子が、その周縁で振動体の周縁凸部に固定され、中央において振動体の中央凸部に当接している。ここで、振動体の中央凸部は圧電振動素子に直接当接していてもよいし、後述のように間接的に当接していてもよい。外部から与えられる音信号は圧電振動素子により、該圧電振動素子の板面に垂直な方向の振動に変換されるが、圧電振動素子はその周縁において振動体に固定されているため、その振動は圧電振動素子の中央において最も大きくなる。振動体の中央凸部は、この圧電振動素子の最も大きい振動を受け、大きく振動する。この振動体の振動がそれに接触する頭部の骨等に伝達されることにより、骨伝導による音の伝達が行われる。ここで、本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーでは制振ダンパーを用いないため、吸収のない、高効率の振動伝達が行われる。   In the bone conduction speaker according to the present invention, the plate-like piezoelectric vibration element is fixed to the peripheral convex portion of the vibrating body at the periphery, and is in contact with the central convex portion of the vibrating body at the center. Here, the central convex portion of the vibrating body may be in direct contact with the piezoelectric vibration element, or may be in indirect contact as described later. The sound signal given from the outside is converted into vibration in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the piezoelectric vibration element by the piezoelectric vibration element. However, since the piezoelectric vibration element is fixed to the vibrating body at the periphery thereof, the vibration is It becomes the largest at the center of the piezoelectric vibration element. The central convex portion of the vibrating body receives the largest vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element and vibrates greatly. By transmitting the vibration of the vibrating body to the bone or the like of the head in contact with the vibration body, sound is transmitted by bone conduction. Here, since the bone conduction speaker according to the present invention does not use a vibration damping damper, highly efficient vibration transmission without absorption is performed.

また、本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーでは振動体の反対側において圧電振動素子が樹脂製の背面ケースにより覆われているため、圧電振動素子と背面ケースの間の空間の空気振動はこの樹脂製の背面ケースにより吸収され、外部への音漏れが少ない。従って、ハウリングを低減することができる。   Further, in the bone conduction speaker according to the present invention, the piezoelectric vibration element is covered with the resin-made back case on the opposite side of the vibrating body. Therefore, the air vibration in the space between the piezoelectric vibration element and the back case is made of this resin. Absorbed by the back case, there is little sound leakage to the outside. Therefore, howling can be reduced.

前記骨伝導スピーカーは、さらに、前記圧電振動素子の前記他面の中央に取り付けられたウェイトを備えることが望ましい。   The bone conduction speaker preferably further includes a weight attached to the center of the other surface of the piezoelectric vibration element.

このウェイトは、圧電振動素子の最大振動点である中央に取り付けられているため、高音振動の抑制や、低音振動の低下の抑制、外部への振動漏れ防止をより効果的に行うことができる。このウェイトには様々な質量のものを用意しておき、使用者の要望に合わせて適したものを取り付けることが望ましい。   Since this weight is attached to the center, which is the maximum vibration point of the piezoelectric vibration element, it is possible to more effectively suppress treble vibration, suppress lower bass vibration, and prevent leakage to the outside. It is desirable to prepare weights of various masses and attach suitable weights according to the needs of the user.

ウェイトに代え、圧電振動素子の中央を、該圧電振動素子の面に垂直な方向に押圧する手段を設けても良い。圧電振動素子は周縁において振動体の周縁凸部に固定されているため、中央において垂直方向に押圧することにより、ウェイトを取り付けた場合と同様、圧電振動素子は中央においてその振動が拘束され、高音振動の抑制や外部への振動漏れの防止をより効果的に行うことができる。また、中央において押圧されることにより、圧電振動素子は全体として凸状又は凹状となり、全体としての振動モードが変化することも、圧電振動素子の振動特性の変化に寄与する。この押圧力を変化させることにより、使用者の要望に応じた骨伝導スピーカーの特性の調整が容易となる。   Instead of the weight, a means for pressing the center of the piezoelectric vibration element in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the piezoelectric vibration element may be provided. Since the piezoelectric vibration element is fixed to the peripheral convex portion of the vibrating body at the periphery, by pressing in the vertical direction at the center, the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element is constrained at the center as in the case where the weight is attached. It is possible to more effectively suppress vibrations and prevent vibration leakage to the outside. Further, when pressed at the center, the piezoelectric vibration element becomes convex or concave as a whole, and the change of the vibration mode as a whole also contributes to the change of the vibration characteristics of the piezoelectric vibration element. By changing the pressing force, the characteristics of the bone conduction speaker can be easily adjusted according to the user's request.

前記骨伝導スピーカーにおいて、前記圧電振動素子の周縁と前記背面ケースとが離間していることが望ましい。   In the bone conduction speaker, it is preferable that a peripheral edge of the piezoelectric vibration element and the back case are separated from each other.

この構成により、圧電振動素子と背面ケースが接しないため、圧電振動素子からの振動が背面ケースを介して外部に漏れることを防ぐことができる。   With this configuration, since the piezoelectric vibration element does not contact the back case, it is possible to prevent the vibration from the piezoelectric vibration element from leaking outside through the back case.

この骨伝導スピーカーを、Ｕ字状の支持体の両端に設けられた取付部に取り付けることにより骨伝導ヘッドホンとして使用することができる。   This bone conduction speaker can be used as a bone conduction headphone by being attached to attachment portions provided at both ends of a U-shaped support.

また、この骨伝導スピーカーの振動体の、圧電振動素子が当接していない側の面の中央に、中実の耳穴挿入部を固定することが望ましい。この耳穴挿入部を耳穴に挿入することにより、本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーを骨伝導イヤホンとして使用することができる。耳穴挿入部が中実であることにより、振動伝達時のエネルギー損失が抑えられるとともに、高音を伝達しやすくなる。   In addition, it is desirable to fix a solid ear hole insertion portion at the center of the surface of the vibration body of the bone conduction speaker on the side where the piezoelectric vibration element is not in contact. The bone conduction speaker according to the present invention can be used as a bone conduction earphone by inserting the ear hole insertion portion into the ear hole. Since the ear hole insertion portion is solid, energy loss during vibration transmission can be suppressed and high sound can be transmitted easily.

本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーは、圧電素子の振動を効率的に振動体に伝えることができ、音漏れやハウリングも少ない。   The bone conduction speaker according to the present invention can efficiently transmit the vibration of the piezoelectric element to the vibrating body, and has less sound leakage and howling.

本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーを骨伝導ヘッドホンに適用した第１実施例の概略正面図。1 is a schematic front view of a first embodiment in which a bone conduction speaker according to the present invention is applied to a bone conduction headphone. 同実施例の骨伝導スピーカーの平面図(a)及びX-X断面図(b)。The top view (a) and XX sectional drawing (b) of the bone conduction speaker of the Example. 同実施例の骨伝導スピーカーの変形例の断面図。Sectional drawing of the modification of the bone conduction speaker of the Example. 同変形例の骨伝導スピーカーの別の変形例の圧電振動素子及び振動体の拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view of the piezoelectric vibration element and vibration body of another modification of the bone conduction speaker of the modification. 同実施例の骨伝導スピーカーの別の変形例の断面図。Sectional drawing of another modification of the bone conduction speaker of the Example. 本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーを骨伝導イヤホンに適用した第２実施例の概略側面図。The schematic side view of the 2nd example which applied the bone conduction speaker concerning the present invention to the bone conduction earphone.

（第１実施例）
本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーを骨伝導ヘッドホンに適用した一実施例について、図１及び図２を参照しながら説明する。
本実施例の骨伝導ヘッドホンは、Ｕ字状の支持体１１と、支持体１１の両端に設けられたスピーカー取付部１２と、該スピーカー取付部１２に取り付けられた骨伝導スピーカー１０などから成る。 (First embodiment)
An embodiment in which the bone conduction speaker according to the present invention is applied to a bone conduction headphone will be described with reference to FIGS.
The bone conduction headphones of this embodiment include a U-shaped support body 11, speaker attachment portions 12 provided at both ends of the support body 11, a bone conduction speaker 10 attached to the speaker attachment portion 12, and the like.

骨伝導スピーカー１０は、円板状の圧電振動素子２０と、圧電振動素子２０の一面側と接し、圧電振動素子２０の振動を外部（頭骨等）に伝える振動体３０と、圧電振動素子２０の他面側に配置された背面ケース４０と、振動体３０と背面ケース４０を一体化する側面カバー５０と、圧電振動素子２０に音信号を伝える電線１３などを備える。   The bone conduction speaker 10 includes a disk-shaped piezoelectric vibration element 20, a vibrating body 30 that is in contact with one surface side of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 and transmits vibrations of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 to the outside (such as a skull), and the piezoelectric vibration element 20. A back case 40 disposed on the other surface side, a side cover 50 that integrates the vibrating body 30 and the back case 40, and an electric wire 13 that transmits a sound signal to the piezoelectric vibration element 20 are provided.

圧電振動素子２０は、厚さ約50μm、直径約21 mmの円形の真鍮製薄板（金属薄板）２２の両面にそれぞれ、周縁約1 mmのブランクを残して、厚さ約35〜40μmのチタン酸バリウムの圧電素子薄膜２１ａ、２１ｂを形成したものである。両側の圧電素子薄膜２１ａ、２１ｂは、その圧電作動方向が互いに逆方向となるように貼付されており、音信号を伝える2本の電線１３の一方は中央の金属薄板２２に、そして他方の電線は両側の圧電素子薄膜２１ａ、２１ｂの外側の表面に共通して、接続されている。
なお、圧電振動素子２０としては、このような圧電バイモルフ構造が好ましいが、信号線からの電気信号（音信号）を振動に変換することができるものであれば、本実施例の構造や材質に限定されない。 The piezoelectric vibration element 20 has a thickness of about 35 to 40 μm, leaving blanks with a peripheral edge of about 1 mm on both sides of a circular brass sheet (metal sheet) 22 having a thickness of about 50 μm and a diameter of about 21 mm. Barium piezoelectric element thin films 21a and 21b are formed. The piezoelectric element thin films 21a and 21b on both sides are pasted so that the piezoelectric operation directions are opposite to each other, one of the two electric wires 13 transmitting the sound signal is on the central metal thin plate 22, and the other electric wire is Are commonly connected to the outer surfaces of the piezoelectric element thin films 21a and 21b on both sides.
The piezoelectric vibration element 20 preferably has such a piezoelectric bimorph structure. However, any structure or material of this embodiment can be used as long as it can convert an electric signal (sound signal) from a signal line into vibration. It is not limited.

振動体３０は、圧電振動素子２０とほぼ同径の円板状のシリコーン樹脂板から成り、一方の面の中央に中央凸部３１が、周縁に周縁凸部３２が形成されている。周縁凸部３２は、その外周面にフランジ状の外周凸部３３を有している。
振動体３０の材質は、シリコーン樹脂以外にも、ウレタンなどの様々なエラストマー（弾力性樹脂材料）を用いることができる。架橋剤や硬化剤によってその硬度を調整することにより、骨伝導の音質（周波数特性）を変化させることができる。 The vibrating body 30 is made of a disk-shaped silicone resin plate having substantially the same diameter as that of the piezoelectric vibrating element 20, and has a central convex portion 31 at the center of one surface and a peripheral convex portion 32 at the periphery. The peripheral convex portion 32 has a flange-shaped peripheral convex portion 33 on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
As the material of the vibrating body 30, various elastomers (elastic resin materials) such as urethane can be used in addition to the silicone resin. By adjusting the hardness with a crosslinking agent or a curing agent, the sound quality (frequency characteristics) of bone conduction can be changed.

背面ケース４０は、振動体３０の外周凸部３３とほぼ同径の円筒状部と、該円筒状部の一端面を塞ぐドーム部から成り、全体として蓋状になっている。円筒状部の他端部には階段状の第１端部４１と該端部４１よりも外周側に位置する第２端部４２が形成されている。第２端部４２は第１端部４１よりも突出しており、振動体３０の外周凸部３３に対応している。外周凸部３３の上に第２端部４２を載置したとき、第１端部４１は僅かな隙間をおいて周縁凸部３２と対向する。円筒状部の外周面には、側面カバー５０を係合固定するための係合凸部４３が設けられている。背面ケース４０のドーム部の外側中央には、この骨伝導スピーカー１０をスピーカー取付部１２に取り付けるための取付部材４５が設けられている。   The back case 40 includes a cylindrical portion having substantially the same diameter as the outer circumferential convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30 and a dome portion that closes one end surface of the cylindrical portion, and has a lid shape as a whole. On the other end of the cylindrical portion, a step-like first end 41 and a second end 42 located on the outer peripheral side of the end 41 are formed. The second end portion 42 protrudes from the first end portion 41 and corresponds to the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30. When the second end portion 42 is placed on the outer peripheral convex portion 33, the first end portion 41 faces the peripheral convex portion 32 with a slight gap. On the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, an engagement convex portion 43 for engaging and fixing the side cover 50 is provided. An attachment member 45 for attaching the bone conduction speaker 10 to the speaker attachment portion 12 is provided at the center outside the dome portion of the back case 40.

圧電振動素子２０を挟んで振動体３０と背面ケース４０を固定する側面カバー５０は、振動体３０の外周凸部３３の外径、及び背面ケース４０の円筒状部の外径とほぼ同じ内径を有する環状部材である。側面カバー５０は、振動体３０の外周凸部３３と背面ケース４０の係合凸部４３により両者を係合固定する。   The side cover 50 that fixes the vibrating body 30 and the rear case 40 with the piezoelectric vibration element 20 interposed therebetween has an inner diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30 and the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the rear case 40. It is the annular member which has. The side cover 50 is engaged and fixed by the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30 and the engaging convex portion 43 of the back case 40.

背面ケース４０及び側面カバー５０は、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ＡＳ樹脂やポリカーボネート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、高硬度のエラストマー樹脂など、軽量であり、且つ、比較的硬い樹脂材料を用いることが望ましい。   The back case 40 and the side cover 50 are desirably made of a light and relatively hard resin material such as ABS resin, AS resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, and high hardness elastomer resin.

本実施例では、振動体３０の周縁凸部３２及び中央凸部３１の上に圧電振動素子２０を載せ両者を接着し、背面ケース４０を振動体３０の上に被せる。この状態で側面カバー５０を背面ケース４０と振動体３０の周りに嵌め、該側面カバー５０の上端部及び下端部を係合凸部４３及び外周凸部３３に係合させる。これにより、振動体３０と背面ケース４０が一体化され、このとき、圧電振動素子２０は周縁凸部３２と第１端部４１の間に挟持される。また、圧電振動素子２０に接続された電線１３は、背面ケース４０の中央の孔４４を通して外部に引き出され、音声信号増幅器に接続される。音声信号増幅器には、別体に形成されたマイクが接続される。   In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is placed on the peripheral convex portion 32 and the central convex portion 31 of the vibrating body 30 and bonded together, and the back case 40 is placed on the vibrating body 30. In this state, the side cover 50 is fitted around the back case 40 and the vibrating body 30, and the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the side cover 50 are engaged with the engaging convex portion 43 and the outer peripheral convex portion 33. Thereby, the vibrating body 30 and the back case 40 are integrated, and at this time, the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is sandwiched between the peripheral convex portion 32 and the first end portion 41. Further, the electric wire 13 connected to the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is drawn out through the central hole 44 of the back case 40 and connected to the audio signal amplifier. A microphone formed separately is connected to the audio signal amplifier.

本実施例に係る骨伝導スピーカー１０では、振動体３０は、その周縁で圧電振動素子２０の中央の金属薄板２２を固定し、最大振動を生じる中央においてその最大振動を拾うため、圧電振動素子２０の振動を効率的に外部（頭骨等）に伝えることができる。そして、圧電振動素子２０の振動を吸収する制振ダンパー等が介在しないため、エネルギー効率が高い。
また、圧電振動素子２０の反対側には樹脂製の軽量な背面ケース４０が設けられているため、圧電振動素子２０の振動により生成された背面ケース４０内の空気振動がその側に伝達されることが少なく、外部への音漏れ及びハウリングの防止が可能となる。 In the bone conduction speaker 10 according to the present embodiment, the vibrating body 30 fixes the metal thin plate 22 at the center of the piezoelectric vibrating element 20 at the periphery, and picks up the maximum vibration at the center where the maximum vibration is generated. Can be efficiently transmitted to the outside (such as the skull). And since the damping damper etc. which absorb the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 do not intervene, energy efficiency is high.
In addition, since the resin-made lightweight back case 40 is provided on the opposite side of the piezoelectric vibration element 20, the air vibration in the back case 40 generated by the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is transmitted to that side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent external sound leakage and howling.

（変形例１）
図３は、上記実施例の骨伝導スピーカー１０の変形例の断面図である。この変形例では、背面ケース４０側の圧電振動素子２０の中央にウェイト６０が固定されている。固定には両面テープや接着剤等を用いることができる。 (Modification 1)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the bone conduction speaker 10 of the above embodiment. In this modification, a weight 60 is fixed at the center of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 on the back case 40 side. Double-sided tape, adhesive, or the like can be used for fixing.

このウェイト６０の質量により圧電振動素子２０の周波数特性が変化し、ウェイト６０の質量が大きいほど高音が抑制される。従って、その質量は、使用者に応じて、使用者が聞き取りやすい骨伝導の音質（周波数特性）となるように決定される。   The frequency characteristic of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is changed by the mass of the weight 60, and the higher the mass of the weight 60, the higher the sound is suppressed. Accordingly, the mass is determined according to the user so that the sound quality (frequency characteristic) of bone conduction is easy to hear for the user.

（変形例２）
図４は、上記実施例の骨伝導スピーカー１０の別の変形例の圧電振動素子及び振動体の拡大断面図である。この変形例の骨伝導スピーカーでは、圧電振動素子２０の中央にＡＢＳ樹脂等の樹脂製のスペーサー６３が載置され、これらの中央に孔が設けられ、振動体３０の中央凸部３１にはねじ穴が設けられている（いずれも図示せず）。そして、圧電振動素子２０及びスペーサー６３の孔を通してネジ６１が振動体３０のねじ穴に螺挿されている。ネジ６１の頭とスペーサー６３の間にはバネ６２が介装されている。圧電振動素子４０の周縁は、振動体の周縁凸部３２と接着されていないが、ネジ６１とバネ６２によって周縁凸部３２と密着する。本変形例の骨伝導スピーカー１０では、振動体３０の中央凸部３１は直接的に圧電振動素子２０に当接するのではなく、ネジ６１とバネ６２及びスペーサー６３を介して間接的に当接している。 (Modification 2)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric vibrating element and a vibrating body of another modification of the bone conduction speaker 10 of the above embodiment. In the bone conduction speaker of this modified example, a resin spacer 63 such as ABS resin is placed in the center of the piezoelectric vibration element 20, a hole is provided in the center thereof, and a screw is formed on the central convex portion 31 of the vibration body 30. Holes are provided (both not shown). The screw 61 is screwed into the screw hole of the vibrating body 30 through the holes of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 and the spacer 63. A spring 62 is interposed between the head of the screw 61 and the spacer 63. The peripheral edge of the piezoelectric vibration element 40 is not bonded to the peripheral convex portion 32 of the vibrating body, but is in close contact with the peripheral convex portion 32 by the screw 61 and the spring 62. In the bone conduction speaker 10 of this modification, the central convex portion 31 of the vibrating body 30 does not directly contact the piezoelectric vibration element 20 but indirectly contacts through the screw 61, the spring 62, and the spacer 63. Yes.

この構成では、バネ６２によって圧電振動素子２０は中央凸部３１側に押圧され、湾曲する。また、ネジ６１を中央凸部３１のねじ穴にねじ込む量を調節することにより圧電振動素子２０が押圧され湾曲する程度を変化させることができる。これにより圧電振動素子２０の振動特性が変化するため、使用者に合わせて骨伝導の音質（周波数特性）を調整することが可能となる。   In this configuration, the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is pressed toward the central convex portion 31 by the spring 62 and curved. Further, the degree to which the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is pressed and curved can be changed by adjusting the amount by which the screw 61 is screwed into the screw hole of the central convex portion 31. As a result, the vibration characteristic of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 changes, so that the sound quality (frequency characteristic) of bone conduction can be adjusted according to the user.

なお、この変形例では、ネジ６１及びバネ６２に代えてビスで圧電振動素子２０を中央凸部３１に固定するようにしても良い。この構成では圧電振動素子２０の押圧量を調整できないが、構成を簡略化できる。また、バネをなくした分、骨伝導スピーカーの厚みを小さくできる。
また、スペーサーは省略しても良い。 In this modification, the piezoelectric vibration element 20 may be fixed to the central convex portion 31 with screws instead of the screws 61 and the springs 62. With this configuration, the pressing amount of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 cannot be adjusted, but the configuration can be simplified. In addition, the thickness of the bone conduction speaker can be reduced by the amount of the spring.
Further, the spacer may be omitted.

（変形例３）
図５は、上記実施例の骨伝導スピーカー１０のさらに別の変形例の断面図である。この変形例では、振動体３０の外周凸部３３と当接する背面ケース４０の第２端部４２の幅が振動体３０の外周凸部３３の幅よりも小さくなっており、且つ第１端部４１が周縁凸部３２から離間する方向に傾斜している。これにより、背面ケース４０の第２端部４２を振動体３０の外周凸部３３の上に載せたとき、該背面ケース４０と振動体３０との間の隙間が大きくなり、圧電振動素子２０と背面ケース４０が離間する。このため、圧電振動素子２０の振動がその周縁から背面ケース４０へ直接伝達されることが防止され、ハウリングをより少なくすることができる。なお、前記隙間には、スポンジやエラストマー等から成る環状の振動吸収材料を詰めてもよい。 (Modification 3)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of still another modification of the bone conduction speaker 10 of the above embodiment. In this modification, the width of the second end portion 42 of the back case 40 that contacts the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30 is smaller than the width of the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30, and the first end portion. 41 is inclined in a direction away from the peripheral convex portion 32. As a result, when the second end portion 42 of the back case 40 is placed on the outer peripheral convex portion 33 of the vibrating body 30, the gap between the back case 40 and the vibrating body 30 becomes large, and the piezoelectric vibrating element 20 The back case 40 is separated. For this reason, the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element 20 is prevented from being directly transmitted from the peripheral edge to the back case 40, and howling can be further reduced. The gap may be filled with an annular vibration absorbing material made of sponge, elastomer or the like.

（第２実施例）
図６は、本発明に係る骨伝導スピーカーを骨伝導イヤホンに適用した第２実施例の概略側面図である。
この骨伝導イヤホンの骨伝導スピーカー９０は、振動体９２の圧電振動素子側ではない面の中央に、中実の耳穴挿入部９３を有する。その他の構成は第１実施例の骨伝導スピーカー１０とほぼ同じである。 (Second embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a second embodiment in which the bone conduction speaker according to the present invention is applied to a bone conduction earphone.
The bone conduction speaker 90 of this bone conduction earphone has a solid ear hole insertion portion 93 at the center of the surface of the vibrating body 92 that is not on the piezoelectric vibration element side. Other configurations are almost the same as those of the bone conduction speaker 10 of the first embodiment.

本実施例の骨伝導イヤホンによると、振動体９２の振動は耳穴挿入部９３を通って外耳道付近の軟骨又は骨に伝達される。このとき、耳穴挿入部９３が中実であるため、中空の耳穴挿入部に比べ振動エネルギーの損失が少なくなる。このため、圧電振動素子からの振動を効率よく使用者に伝えることができる。   According to the bone conduction earphone of the present embodiment, the vibration of the vibrating body 92 is transmitted to the cartilage or bone near the ear canal through the ear hole insertion portion 93. At this time, since the ear hole insertion portion 93 is solid, the loss of vibration energy is less than that of the hollow ear hole insertion portion. For this reason, the vibration from the piezoelectric vibration element can be efficiently transmitted to the user.

なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されず、種々の変更が可能である。
例えば、変形例１〜変形例３の骨伝導スピーカーの振動体に耳穴挿入部を設けて骨伝導イヤホンとしても良い。
上記実施例では、振動体の周縁凸部の外周に外周凸部を設け、該外周凸部に背面ケースを固定したが、周縁凸部の幅を大きくし、該周縁凸部の上面の内周側半部に圧電振動素子を固定し、外周側半部に背面ケースを固定するようにしても良い。 In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, A various change is possible.
For example, an ear hole insertion portion may be provided on the vibrating body of the bone conduction speaker according to the first to third modifications to form a bone conduction earphone.
In the above embodiment, the outer peripheral convex portion is provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral convex portion of the vibrating body, and the back case is fixed to the outer peripheral convex portion, but the width of the peripheral convex portion is increased, and the inner periphery of the upper surface of the peripheral convex portion. The piezoelectric vibration element may be fixed to the side half and the back case may be fixed to the outer half.

１０、９０…骨伝導スピーカー
１１…支持体
１２…スピーカー取付部
１３…電線
２０…圧電振動素子
２１…圧電素子薄膜
２２…金属薄板
３０、９２…振動体
３１…中央凸部
３２…周縁凸部
３３…外周凸部
９３…耳穴挿入部
４０…背面ケース
４１…第１端部
４２…第２端部
４３…係合凸部
４５…取付部材
５０…側面カバー
６０…ウェイト
６１…ネジ
６２…バネ
６３…スペーサー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 90 ... Bone conduction speaker 11 ... Support body 12 ... Speaker mounting part 13 ... Electric wire 20 ... Piezoelectric vibration element 21 ... Piezoelectric element thin film 22 ... Metal thin plate 30, 92 ... Vibrating body 31 ... Central convex part 32 ... Perimeter convex part 33 ... outer peripheral convex part 93 ... ear hole insertion part 40 ... back case 41 ... first end part 42 ... second end part 43 ... engagement convex part 45 ... mounting member 50 ... side cover 60 ... weight 61 ... screw 62 ... spring 63 ... spacer

Claims (6)

a) 板状の圧電振動素子と、
b) 前記圧電振動素子の一面側に配置された、該圧電振動素子の中央において該圧電振動素子に当接する中央凸部と、該圧電振動素子の周縁において該圧電振動素子に固定される周縁凸部とを有する板状の振動体と、
c) 前記圧電振動素子の他面側に配置された、前記振動体の前記周縁凸部において該振動体に固定される蓋状の樹脂製背面ケースと
を備えることを特徴とする骨伝導スピーカー。 a) a plate-like piezoelectric vibration element;
b) A central convex portion that is disposed on one surface side of the piezoelectric vibration element and contacts the piezoelectric vibration element at the center of the piezoelectric vibration element, and a peripheral protrusion that is fixed to the piezoelectric vibration element at the periphery of the piezoelectric vibration element. A plate-like vibrator having a portion;
c) A bone conduction speaker, comprising: a lid-like resin back case which is disposed on the other surface side of the piezoelectric vibration element and is fixed to the vibration body at the peripheral convex portion of the vibration body. さらに、前記圧電振動素子の前記他面の中央に取り付けられたウェイトを備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の骨伝導スピーカー。   The bone conduction speaker according to claim 1, further comprising a weight attached to a center of the other surface of the piezoelectric vibration element. 前記圧電振動素子の中央を、該圧電振動素子の面に垂直な方向に押圧する手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の骨伝導スピーカー。   The bone conduction speaker according to claim 1, further comprising means for pressing the center of the piezoelectric vibration element in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the piezoelectric vibration element. 前記圧電振動素子の周縁と前記背面ケースとが離間していることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の骨伝導スピーカー。   The bone conduction speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a peripheral edge of the piezoelectric vibration element and the back case are separated from each other. Ｕ字状の支持体と、
該支持体の両端に設けられた取付部と、
該取付部に取り付けられた請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の骨伝導スピーカーと
を備えることを特徴とする骨伝導ヘッドホン。 A U-shaped support;
Mounting portions provided at both ends of the support;
A bone conduction headphone comprising: the bone conduction speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4 attached to the attachment portion. 請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の骨伝導スピーカーと、
前記振動体の、前記圧電振動素子が当接していない側の面の中央に固定された中実の耳穴挿入部と
を備えることを特徴とする骨伝導イヤホン。 The bone conduction speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A bone conduction earphone comprising: a solid ear hole insertion portion fixed to a center of a surface of the vibrating body on a side on which the piezoelectric vibration element is not in contact.
JP2013268751A 2013-12-26 2013-12-26 Bone conduction speaker Pending JP2015126339A (en)

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CN201480057341.0A CN105745941B (en) 2013-12-26 2014-06-26 Bone-conduction speaker
PCT/CN2014/080848 WO2015096434A1 (en) 2013-12-26 2014-06-26 Bone-conduction speaker
HK16114683A HK1230823A1 (en) 2013-12-26 2016-12-23 Bone-conduction speaker

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