JP2015025246A - Operation state monitoring system for bridge - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、橋梁の稼働状況を観測したデータ情報を、遠隔地の利用者（管理技術者等）に提供するための橋梁の稼働状況監視システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a bridge operation status monitoring system for providing data information obtained by observing the operation status of a bridge to users (management engineers, etc.) at remote locations.
従来、特許文献１に開示されているように、監視対象の橋梁に取り付けたセンサの出力を電気信号（センサ出力信号）に変換する計測ユニットと、センサ出力信号を解析して稼働状況情報を作成するデータ解析用コンピュータとが所定のネットワークを介して接続された計測システムがあった。センサは、橋梁の稼働状況を検出するためもので、例えば、歪み検出センサ、変位検出センサ、温度検出センサ、風速検出センサ等が例示されている。 Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a measurement unit that converts the output of a sensor attached to a bridge to be monitored into an electrical signal (sensor output signal) and analysis of the sensor output signal to create operating status information There has been a measurement system in which a data analysis computer is connected via a predetermined network. The sensor is for detecting the operating status of the bridge, and examples thereof include a strain detection sensor, a displacement detection sensor, a temperature detection sensor, and a wind speed detection sensor.
また、上記の構成に加え、遠隔地の利用者が上記の稼働状況情報を閲覧できるようにするため、上記のデータ解析用コンピュータと利用者端末とをインターネット等を介して接続した他の計測システムも実用化されている。 In addition to the above configuration, in order to enable a remote user to view the operation status information, another measurement system in which the data analysis computer and the user terminal are connected via the Internet or the like. Has also been put to practical use.
遠隔地の管理技術者は、橋梁の稼働状況情報を適宜のタイミングで取得し、例えば、「橋梁が危険な状態に達したので緊急措置を行う」や、「橋脚に異常が発生する兆候がみられるので監視を強化する」等の判断を行う。前者のような判断については、「亀裂変位が一定の基準値を超えたか否か」のような方法で明快に判断することが可能である。しかし、後者の「異常が発生する兆候であるか否か」などの判断は微妙であり、様々な稼働状況情報（特定部分の応力、歪み量、亀裂長さの変位、環境温度など）を総合的に把握する必要がある。特に、複数種類の稼働状況情報の相互関係を細かくチェックした上で、経験則も考慮して判断されることが多い。 The remote management engineer obtains the operational status information of the bridge at an appropriate timing. For example, “Emergency measures are taken because the bridge has reached a dangerous state” or “Signs of abnormalities in the bridge piers are observed. Make a decision such as “strengthen monitoring.” The determination as in the former can be clearly determined by a method such as “whether or not the crack displacement exceeds a certain reference value”. However, the latter judgment, such as whether or not it is a sign that an abnormality has occurred, is subtle, and various operational status information (specific part stress, strain, crack length displacement, environmental temperature, etc.) is comprehensive. Needs to be understood. In particular, it is often determined in consideration of empirical rules after checking the interrelationships between multiple types of operating status information.
しかし、従来の計測システムは、管理技術者に稼働状況情報を提供する際の形式について、分かりやすさという観点で考慮が十分ではなく、管理技術者が状況を把握しやすい形式で情報提供されることが求められていた。 However, the conventional measurement system does not fully consider the format for providing the operating status information to the management engineer from the viewpoint of easy understanding, and the information is provided in a format that makes it easy for the management engineer to grasp the status. It was requested.
本発明は、上記背景技術に鑑みて成されたものであり、橋梁の稼働状況情報が利用者端末に分かりやすく表示され、遠隔地の管理技術者等が迅速かつ的確に稼働状況を把握できる橋梁の稼働状況監視システムを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background art, and the bridge operation status information is displayed in an easy-to-understand manner on the user terminal, so that a remote management engineer or the like can quickly and accurately grasp the operation status. The purpose is to provide an operational status monitoring system.
本発明は、監視対象の橋梁の稼働状況を検出する複数のセンサからセンサ出力信号を逐次収集する監視装置と、前記複数のセンサ出力信号を解析して前記橋梁の稼働状況情報を作成し蓄積するシステム管理センタとがデータ収集用ネットワークを介して接続され、前記システム管理センタと、前記稼働状況情報を受信又は閲覧するための利用者端末とが利用者用ネットワークを介して接続され、前記システム管理センタは、作成した前記稼働状況情報を、時間軸が共通の１つのグラフに重ね書きして前記利用者端末に表示させる橋梁の稼働状況監視システムである。 The present invention provides a monitoring device that sequentially collects sensor output signals from a plurality of sensors that detect the operation status of a bridge to be monitored, and creates and accumulates the operation status information of the bridge by analyzing the plurality of sensor output signals. A system management center is connected via a data collection network, and the system management center and a user terminal for receiving or browsing the operating status information are connected via a user network, and the system management The center is a system for monitoring the operating status of a bridge that causes the created operating status information to be overwritten on one graph having a common time axis and displayed on the user terminal.
前記システム管理センタは、前記利用者端末を通じて利用者が選択した複数種類の前記稼働状況情報を、時間軸が共通の１つのグラフに重ね書きして前記利用者端末に表示させることが好ましい。 The system management center preferably displays a plurality of types of the operation status information selected by the user through the user terminal on the user terminal by overwriting on one graph having a common time axis.
前記重ね書きされる稼働状況情報は、前記橋梁の環境温度の経時変化、及びその橋梁の部分に加わる応力の経時変化であることが好ましい。前記橋梁の環境温度の経時変化、及びその橋梁の部分に生じる歪み量の経時変化でもよい。前記橋梁の環境温度の経時変化、及びその橋梁の部分に生じる亀裂変位の経時変化でもよい。 It is preferable that the overwritten operation status information is a change with time in environmental temperature of the bridge and a change with time in stress applied to the bridge portion. It may be a change with time in the environmental temperature of the bridge and a change with time in the amount of strain generated in the bridge portion. It may be a change with time of the environmental temperature of the bridge and a change with time of crack displacement generated in the bridge portion.
本発明の橋梁の稼働状況監視システムによれば、監視対象の橋梁について、複数種類の稼働状況情報が、時間軸が共通の１つのグラフに重ね書きされて相互関係が視覚的に分かりやすい形式で提供されるので、管理技術者等が迅速かつ的確に状況把握することができる。 According to the bridge operating status monitoring system of the present invention, a plurality of types of operating status information are overlaid on a single graph with a common time axis for the bridge to be monitored in a format that is easy to understand visually. Because it is provided, management engineers can quickly and accurately grasp the situation.
特に、橋梁の特定部分の応力を環境温度、歪み量と環境温度、亀裂変位と環境温度の組み合わせを重ねて表することは、「橋脚に異常が発生する兆候であるか否か」を判断する際に有用であり、利用者が入力端末を通じて組み合わせを選択できるようにすれば、さらに便利になる。 In particular, it is judged whether or not the stress of a specific part of the bridge is an indication of the occurrence of an abnormality in the bridge pier by overlapping the combination of environmental temperature, strain and environmental temperature, and crack displacement and environmental temperature. It is more convenient if the user can select a combination through the input terminal.
以下、本発明の橋梁の稼働状況監視システムの一実施形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。この実施形態の稼働状況監視システム１０は、図１に示すように、橋梁Ｋごとに設けられた監視装置１２、複数の監視装置１２がデータ収集用ネットワーク１４を介して接続されているシステム管理センタ１６、システム監視センタ１６に利用者用ネットワーク１８を介して接続されている複数の利用者端末２０を備えている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a bridge operation status monitoring system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the operation status monitoring system 10 of this embodiment includes a monitoring device 12 provided for each bridge K, and a system management center in which a plurality of monitoring devices 12 are connected via a data collection network 14. 16. A plurality of user terminals 20 connected to the system monitoring center 16 via a user network 18 are provided.
監視装置１２は、監視対象の橋梁Ｋの各所に取り付けられ、稼働状況を検出する複数種類のセンサ２２（２２ａ〜２２ｇ）と、センサ２２が出力する電気信号（センサ出力信号）をセンサ用ネットワーク２４を通じて逐次収集する装置本体２６とで構成されている。センサ２２は、橋体の特定部分に加わる応力を検出する応力センサ２２ａ、歪み量を検出する歪み量センサ２２ｂ、コンクリート等に生じた亀裂変位を検出する亀裂変位計２２ｃ、環境の温度（周囲温度又はコンクリート等の表面温度）を検出する環境温度計２２ｄ、橋梁付近の風を検出する風速・風向計２２ｅ等である。 The monitoring device 12 is attached to each part of the bridge K to be monitored, and a plurality of types of sensors 22 (22a to 22g) for detecting the operation status and electrical signals (sensor output signals) output by the sensor 22 are used as a sensor network 24. And an apparatus main body 26 that sequentially collects the data. The sensor 22 includes a stress sensor 22a for detecting a stress applied to a specific portion of the bridge body, a strain amount sensor 22b for detecting a strain amount, a crack displacement meter 22c for detecting a crack displacement generated in concrete and the like, an environmental temperature (ambient temperature) Or an environmental thermometer 22d for detecting the surface temperature of concrete or the like), an anemometer 22e for detecting the wind near the bridge, and the like.
装置本体２６は、センサ２２と通信を行う通信用サーバ２６ａ、収集したセンサ出力信号を管理又は保存するデータロガ等の計測データ管理部２６ｂ、太陽光発電等によって装置本体２６に動作用の電源を供給する電源供給部２６ｃで構成されている。センサ用ネットワーク２４は、橋梁Ｋの離れた位置に取り付けられた複数のセンサ２２と装置本体２６を結ぶため、ワイヤレスのネットワークであることが好ましく、例えば、近距離無線通信規格の１つであるZIGBEE（登録商標）等が好適である。 The apparatus main body 26 supplies power for operation to the apparatus main body 26 by a communication server 26a that communicates with the sensor 22, a measurement data management unit 26b such as a data logger that manages or stores collected sensor output signals, and solar power generation. It is comprised by the power supply part 26c to perform. The sensor network 24 is preferably a wireless network in order to connect the plurality of sensors 22 attached to the distant position of the bridge K and the apparatus main body 26. For example, ZIGBEE, which is one of the short-range wireless communication standards, is used. (Registered trademark) and the like are preferable.
システム管理センタ１６は、橋梁Ｋの稼働状況を遠隔地で集中管理するための施設であり、データ収集サーバ１６ａ、データ解析部１６ｂ、データ提供サーバ１６ｃを備えている。データ収集サーバ１６ａは、データ収集用ネットワーク１４を通じて監視装置１２からセンサ出力信号を収集する。データ収集用ネットワーク１４は、移動体通信システムであるフォーマ（登録商標）等の遠距離無線網が好適である。 The system management center 16 is a facility for centrally managing the operation status of the bridge K at a remote location, and includes a data collection server 16a, a data analysis unit 16b, and a data providing server 16c. The data collection server 16 a collects sensor output signals from the monitoring device 12 through the data collection network 14. The data collection network 14 is preferably a long-distance wireless network such as Former (registered trademark) which is a mobile communication system.
データ解析部１６ｂは、収集したセンサ出力信号に基づいて各種の演算処理を行い、各橋梁Ｋの稼働状況情報を作成する。稼働状況情報は、演算処理によって得られた橋梁Ｋの部分に加わる応力の大きさ・方向、歪みの大きさ・方向、橋梁Ｋの部分に生じる亀裂変位、橋梁Ｋの環境温度、橋梁Ｋの近傍の風速・風向等のデータであり、データ個々に計測日時が付され、図示しない記憶装置に格納される。 The data analysis unit 16b performs various arithmetic processes based on the collected sensor output signals, and creates operating status information of each bridge K. The operational status information includes the magnitude and direction of stress applied to the bridge K obtained by the calculation process, the magnitude and direction of strain, crack displacement generated in the bridge K, the environmental temperature of the bridge K, and the vicinity of the bridge K. The wind speed, the wind direction, and the like, and each data is given a measurement date and time and stored in a storage device (not shown).
データ提供サーバ１６ｃは、利用者端末２０を使用する利用者に対して稼働状況情報を提供するための処理を行う。利用者端末２０は、橋梁Ｋの稼働状況を遠隔地で取得したい管理技術者等が使用する端末装置であり、利用者の自宅のパソコンや携帯用のタブレット端末等である。利用者端末２０は、インターネット等の利用者用ネットワーク１８を通じてシステム管理センタ１６に接続され、データ提供サーバ１６ｃとの間で双方向通信を行うことができる。データ提供サーバ１６ｃは、例えば、利用者端末２０に向けて、所定の稼働状況情報を定期送信したり、利用者の要求に応じて稼働状況情報を閲覧可能にしたりする。 The data providing server 16c performs processing for providing operating status information to the user who uses the user terminal 20. The user terminal 20 is a terminal device used by a management engineer or the like who wants to obtain the operating status of the bridge K at a remote location, and is a personal computer at the user's home or a portable tablet terminal. The user terminal 20 is connected to the system management center 16 through a user network 18 such as the Internet, and can perform two-way communication with the data providing server 16c. For example, the data providing server 16c periodically transmits predetermined operating status information to the user terminal 20, or enables the operating status information to be browsed in response to a user request.
ここでは、データ収集用ネットワーク１４と利用者用ネットワーク１８とは分けてある。これは、システムのセキュリティ性を考慮したもので、不正目的の利用者がシステムへの侵入を試みた場合でも、データ提供サーバ１６ｃの側で一括阻止することができる。 Here, the data collection network 14 and the user network 18 are separated. This is in consideration of the security of the system, and even when an unauthorized user attempts to enter the system, the data providing server 16c can block it all at once.
次に、利用者端末２０に表示される稼働状況情報の形式について説明する。利用者端末２０の表示画面は、様々な形式を選択することができる。例えば、図２に示す表示画面は、橋梁Ｋの１つである「○○県△△橋」の稼働状況情報を表示したもので、Ａ点に生じたコンクリート亀裂の変位の経時変化と、Ｂ点に生じたコンクリート亀裂の変位の経時変化の２つのデータを別々のグラフに表している。２つのデータを見ると、全体として、亀裂変位がプラスからマイナスに変化するサイクル（１日で１サイクル）があり、中心値がほぼ一定に維持されていることが分かる。また、「５月８日」だけ、Ａ，Ｂ点のデータの変化が小さくなっており、「５月９日」のＡ点のデータだけ、鋭いピーキングが発生していることが分かる。 Next, the format of the operating status information displayed on the user terminal 20 will be described. Various formats can be selected for the display screen of the user terminal 20. For example, the display screen shown in FIG. 2 displays the operational status information of “XX prefecture ΔΔ bridge”, which is one of the bridges K. Two data of the change over time of the displacement of the concrete crack generated at the point are shown in separate graphs. Looking at the two data, it can be seen that, as a whole, there is a cycle in which the crack displacement changes from positive to negative (one cycle per day), and the center value is maintained almost constant. It can also be seen that the change in the data at points A and B is small only for “May 8”, and sharp peaking occurs only for the data for point A on “May 9”.
図２のように複数種類のデータのグラフを別々に表すると、個々のデータの変化が非常に見やすいという利点がある。しかし、「５月８日」「５月９日」のように通常と異なる挙動があった場合に、橋脚に異常が発生する兆候なのか、あるいは計測誤差（又はノイズデータ）なのかを判断するのは難しい。 When graphs of a plurality of types of data are separately shown as in FIG. 2, there is an advantage that changes in individual data are very easy to see. However, if there is an unusual behavior such as “May 8” or “May 9”, it is judged whether it is a sign that an abnormality has occurred on the pier or a measurement error (or noise data). Is difficult.
図３に示す表示画面は、上記のＡ，Ｂ点の亀裂変位の経時変化と、環境温度の経時変化の３つのデータを時間軸が共通の１つのグラフに重ね書きして表している。３つのデータを見ると、Ａ，Ｂ点の亀裂変位のデータは、全体としてほぼ相似形であり、増減の位相も同じであることが分かる。また、環境温度が上昇すると亀裂変位がマイナス方向に変化し、環境温度が低下すると亀裂変位がプラス方向に変化しており、概ね逆位相の関係になっていることが分かる。これは、コンクリート等の構造物の温度による膨張収縮によるものである。 The display screen shown in FIG. 3 represents the above three data, that is, the time-dependent change in crack displacement at points A and B and the time-dependent change in environmental temperature on one graph having a common time axis. Looking at the three data, it can be seen that the crack displacement data at points A and B are almost similar as a whole, and the increase and decrease phases are the same. It can also be seen that the crack displacement changes in the negative direction when the environmental temperature rises, and the crack displacement changes in the positive direction when the environmental temperature decreases, which is generally in an inverse phase relationship. This is due to expansion and contraction due to the temperature of a structure such as concrete.
図３のように表示すると、３つのデータの相互関係が視覚的に把握しやすいという利点がある。特に、環境温度のデータが含まれているので、例えば、「５月８日」に亀裂変位のデータの変化が小さくなっている点について、この日は環境温度の変化も小さくなっていることから、橋脚に異常が発生する兆候である可能性は低い（正常である）と判断できる。また、「５月９日」にＡ点の亀裂変位のデータだけ鋭いピーキングが発生している点については、Ｂ点のデータ及び環境温度のデータに同様の変化が見られないこと、その後はＡ，Ｂ点のデータがほぼ相似形になっていることから、計測誤差（又はノイズデータ）である可能性が高いと判断できる。 When displayed as shown in FIG. 3, there is an advantage that the interrelation between the three data can be easily grasped visually. In particular, since environmental temperature data is included, for example, the change in crack displacement data is small on “May 8”, because the change in environmental temperature is also small on this day. Therefore, it can be judged that the possibility of an abnormality occurring in the pier is low (normal). Further, regarding the point where sharp peaking occurs only on the data of the crack displacement at point A on “May 9”, the same change is not seen in the data at point B and the environmental temperature data. , B data are almost similar, it can be determined that there is a high possibility of measurement errors (or noise data).
なお、図３の表示画面は、亀裂変位と環境温度を組み合わせて表示した例を示しているが、利用者の要求により、システム管理センタ１６に蓄積された稼働状況情報の中の任意のデータを組み合わせて表示させることができる。特に、応力と環境温度の組み合わせ、歪み量と環境温度の組み合わせは、上述したのと同様に、「橋脚に異常が発生する兆候であるか否か」を判断する際に有用である。また、亀裂変位、応力、歪み量及び環境温度の４つを同時に組み合わせても構わない。 Note that the display screen of FIG. 3 shows an example in which the crack displacement and the environmental temperature are combined and displayed, but any data in the operation status information stored in the system management center 16 can be stored at the request of the user. Can be displayed in combination. In particular, the combination of the stress and the environmental temperature and the combination of the strain amount and the environmental temperature are useful in determining “whether or not it is a sign that an abnormality has occurred on the pier” as described above. Also, four of crack displacement, stress, strain amount, and environmental temperature may be combined at the same time.
以上説明したように、橋梁の稼働状況監視システム１０によれば、監視対象の橋梁Ｋについて、複数種類の稼働状況情報が、時間軸が共通の１つのグラフに重ね書きされて相互関係が視覚的に分かりやすい形式で提供されるので、管理技術者等が迅速かつ的確に状況把握することができる。 As described above, according to the operation status monitoring system 10 for the bridge, a plurality of types of operation status information is overlaid on a single graph having a common time axis for the monitoring target bridge K, and the interrelationship is visually recognized. Because it is provided in an easy-to-understand format, management engineers can quickly and accurately grasp the situation.
なお、本発明の本発明の橋梁の稼働状況監視システムは、上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、橋梁の稼働状況を検出するセンサの種類は自由であり、図1に例示した各センサ２２ａ〜２２ｅ以外のセンサを使用してもよい。また、図３のように１つのグラフに重ね書きする稼働状況情報の組み合わせとしては、上記の３通り以外にも、振動変位と風速・風向の組み合わせ、橋脚に設置された各種ケーブルの張力と環境温度の組み合わせが好適であり、データ間に一定の相関があるもの同士を組み合わせるとよい。 Note that the bridge operating status monitoring system of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the type of sensor for detecting the operating status of the bridge is arbitrary, and sensors other than the sensors 22a to 22e illustrated in FIG. 1 may be used. In addition to the above three combinations of operating status information to be overwritten on one graph as shown in Fig. 3, the combination of vibration displacement, wind speed and direction, tension of various cables installed on the pier and the environment A combination of temperatures is preferable, and data having a certain correlation between data may be combined.
１０ 橋梁の稼働状況監視システム
１２ 監視装置
１４ データ収集用ネットワーク
１６ システム管理センタ
１８ 利用者用ネットワーク
２０ 利用者端末
２２，２２ａ〜２２ｅ センサ
２４ センサ用ネットワーク
２６ 装置本体
Ｋ 橋梁
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Bridge operating condition monitoring system 12 Monitoring apparatus 14 Data collection network 16 System management center 18 User network 20 User terminal 22, 22a-22e Sensor 24 Sensor network 26 Apparatus main body K Bridge
Claims (5)
The bridge operating status monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the overwritten operating status information is a temporal change in environmental temperature of the bridge and a temporal change in crack displacement generated in a portion of the bridge.
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