JP2013147186A - Hybrid propulsion ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid propulsion ship capable of demonstrating the performance of an inboard machine and an outboard machine, respectively, and capable of being applicable to various ships without controlling respective advantages based on the propulsion by an internal combustion engine and the propulsion by an electric motor.SOLUTION: The hybrid propulsion ship includes an internal combustion type propulsion mechanism 11 consisting of an internal combustion engine 1, a power transmission shaft 5 for transmitting the power generated by the internal combustion engine 1, and a first propeller 6 to be coupled with the power transmission shaft 5, and an electric propulsion mechanism 12 consisting of an electric motor 4, a drive unit 3 for transmitting the power generated by the electric motor 4, and a second propeller 8 to be coupled with the drive unit 3. The hybrid propulsion ship is capable of selecting any one of the internal combustion type propulsion mode for propelling a hull body 10 by driving the internal combustion type propulsion mechanism 11, the electric propulsion mode for propelling the hull body 10 by driving the electric propulsion mechanism 12, and the dual propulsion mode for propelling the hull body 10 by driving both the internal combustion type propulsion mechanism 11 and the electric propulsion mechanism 12.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid propulsion ship that propels a hull body using an internal combustion engine or an electric motor as a drive source.

  In the transportation field, most of the drive source depends on fossil fuel, and many ships also rely on fossil fuel for the drive source (for example, Patent Document 1). The ship described in Patent Document 1 is a multi-shaft type in which a plurality of power transmission shafts to which a propeller is coupled are provided, and can drive a plurality of propellers simultaneously. Such multi-shaft power transmission shafts are designed to improve the propulsive force of large ships that are expected to use a large amount of fossil fuel. is assumed. Therefore, in the ship of patent document 1, it is not utilized for suppressing a noise and exhaust gas.

  Therefore, in recent years, as a ship that aims to contribute to a low-carbon society, there has been proposed a ship that can be propelled using electric power as a driving source, as in Patent Document 2. Moreover, there exists a thing provided with both the internal combustion engine and the electric motor as a drive source of a ship like patent document 3, patent document 4, and patent document 5. FIG. The thing of patent document 3 can be switched to either an internal combustion engine or an electric motor with a clutch. Although the thing of patent document 3 is equipped with two, an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, as a drive source, it is equipped with the single propeller, and the propeller which rotates even if any drive source is selected is common. Become. Patent Documents 4 and 5 employ a drive system in which a propeller is provided for each of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. These are intended to achieve high efficiency by arranging two propellers at opposite positions and moving them simultaneously to perform optimal control.

JP 2011-88612 A JP-A-5-42894 JP 2010-195240 A JP 2011-020579 A JP 2010-125987 A

  By the way, medium and small vessels such as fishing boats are roughly classified into inboard motors (inboard), inboard / outboard motors (stern drive), and outboard motors (outboard). Here, the inboard motor (inboard) ship is a ship of a type in which a drive source such as an internal combustion engine is installed inside the hull body and a propeller is rotated via a power transmission shaft. An inboard / outboard motor (stern drive) ship has a drive source installed on the stern side of the hull body and a power transmission mechanism and propeller that transmits the power of the drive source to the outside of the stern side of the hull body. This is a type of ship. An outboard motor (outboard) ship is a type of ship in which a drive source, a power transmission mechanism, and a propeller are installed outside the stern side of the hull body. The ship of Patent Document 2 relates to a drive system using an outboard motor. When using an electric motor as the drive source, the outboard motor system has high-voltage system wiring outside the ship, so it is highly likely that it will be directly covered with water in actual use, and it is extremely difficult to ensure safety. have. For that reason, it can be said that the outboard motor system as in Patent Document 2 lacks practicality. In the outboard motor system, the outboard motor is generally inferior in propulsive force to the inboard motor. Further, when only electric power is used as a drive source as in Patent Document 2, noise and exhaust gas can be suppressed, but the propulsive force is inferior to that of an internal combustion engine. Thus, the thing of patent document 2 becomes inconvenient for long-distance driving | running | working.

  Moreover, since the thing of patent document 3 has a single propeller regardless of whether an internal combustion engine is selected as a drive source or an electric motor is selected, an inboard motor, an outboard motor, or an outboard motor Limited to either method. Therefore, for example, when the technique of Patent Document 3 is applied to an inboard motor, the turning performance is inferior compared to the inboard / outboard motor and the outboard motor. Moreover, when the technique of patent document 3 is applied to an inboard / outboard motor, there is a problem that the propulsive force is inferior to that of the inboard motor. In addition, when a ship such as Patent Document 3 is manufactured by modifying an existing inboard or inboard / outboard motor of the most popular normal one-engine / one-shaft system, the conventional system must be significantly changed. However, there are also disadvantages that the practicality is poor and the remodeling cost is high.

  In Patent Document 4, it is necessary to set the load balance between the two propellers so that the propulsion efficiency is high, and in Patent Document 5, the input of the electric motor according to the horsepower generated in the main engine (internal combustion engine). Determine power standards. Thus, in patent document 4 and patent document 5, complicated control is required. Moreover, in Patent Documents 4 and 5, the arrangement of the control mechanism and the propeller is special, and as with Patent Document 3, it is not easy to remodel an existing ship.

  Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention can exhibit the respective performances based on the inboard motor and the inboard / outboard motor without suppressing the respective advantages based on the propulsion by the internal combustion engine and the propulsion by the electric motor. A hybrid propulsion ship that can be applied to other ships.

  A hybrid propulsion ship according to the present invention includes an internal combustion engine provided inside a hull body, and a power transmission shaft that extends from the internal combustion engine side toward the stern side to the outside of the hull body to transmit power generated by the internal combustion engine. An internal combustion propulsion mechanism comprising a first propeller coupled to the power transmission shaft, an electric motor provided inside the stern side of the hull body, and provided outside the stern side of the hull body, An internal combustion type including a drive unit for transmitting power generated by a motor and an electric propulsion mechanism including a second propeller coupled to the drive unit, and driving only the internal combustion type propulsion mechanism to propel the hull body. A propulsion mode, an electric propulsion mode in which only the electric propulsion mechanism is driven to propel the hull body, or a ship in which both the internal combustion propulsion mechanism and the electric propulsion mechanism are driven. It is intended to enable selection of either the combination propulsion mode to propel the body.

  According to the hybrid propulsion ship of the present invention, the first propeller is driven by the internal combustion engine, and the second propeller is driven by the electric motor. That is, the first propeller and the second propeller can be driven independently, and the drive sources are different. An internal combustion propulsion mode can be selected as a drive source, an electric propulsion mode can be selected, or a combined propulsion mode can be selected. In this case, when the internal combustion type propulsion mode is selected, the driving method of the inboard motor is selected, when the electric type propulsion mode is selected, the driving method of the inboard / outboard motor is selected, and when the combined type propulsion mode is selected, the inboard motor and the inboard / outboard mode are selected. It becomes a drive system that has both machines.

  In the hybrid propulsion vessel of the present invention, it is possible to select which mode to propel among the three modes described above. For example, as in a relatively short-distance travel, in a travel that requires little thrust but is efficient, and that is desired to be quiet and free of exhaust gas, it can be propelled in the electric propulsion mode. On the other hand, for example, when traveling at a high speed in a relatively long-distance travel, the propulsion can be performed in the internal combustion propulsion mode. In the electric propulsion mode, smooth forward / reverse driving from an ultra-low speed is possible. In addition, two propellers, a first propeller and a second propeller, are provided, and these can be driven independently. Therefore, when thrust exceeding the internal combustion propulsion mode is required, the combined propulsion mode is set. Can also be promoted.

  In the above-described configuration, since a generator and a battery that generate electricity by the operation of the internal combustion engine are provided, and the electric power generated by the generator can be supplied to the electric motor via the battery, battery charging on land can be performed. Even in an inadequate situation, stable electric power supply to the electric propulsion mechanism is possible, and it is possible to suppress power shortage during running in the electric propulsion mode or the combined propulsion mode. Moreover, the internal combustion engine energy by fossil fuel and the electrical energy once stored can be used properly.

  The hybrid propulsion ship according to the present invention can obtain the respective benefits based on the propulsion by the internal combustion engine and the propulsion by the electric motor by selecting a desired propulsion mode according to the situation, and can be used for the inboard motor and the inboard motor. Each benefit can be obtained and the usage can be expanded. In other words, when the electric propulsion mode is selected, it is possible to control noise, vibration, exhaust gas, etc., save resources, reduce operating costs, drive smoothly, etc. You can get the benefits of the machine. On the other hand, when the internal combustion type propulsion mode is selected, the thrust can be increased.

  Moreover, when manufacturing the hybrid propulsion ship of the present invention, it is only necessary to add an electric propulsion mechanism to an existing inboard motor. For this reason, it is not necessary to significantly modify the existing inboard motor, the modification work is relatively simple, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the mass diffusion necessary for solving environmental problems and the like can be achieved.

1 is a simplified diagram of a hybrid propulsion vessel of the present invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of the electrically driven propulsion mechanism which comprises the hybrid propulsion ship of the said FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the relationship of the selection means provided in the hybrid propulsion ship of this invention, an internal combustion type propulsion mechanism, and an electrically driven propulsion mechanism.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  The hybrid propulsion ship of the present embodiment has a total length of about 10 m to 15 m from the front wall 10a (left side in FIG. 1) to the rear wall 10b (right side in FIG. 1) of the hull body 10 as shown in FIG. For example, it can be used effectively on medium and small vessels such as fishing boats.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hybrid propulsion ship of the present invention includes two propulsion mechanisms, an internal combustion propulsion mechanism 11 and an electric propulsion mechanism 12.

  The internal combustion type propulsion mechanism 11 employs a so-called “inboard motor” or “inboard” because of its driving method. That is, the internal combustion propulsion mechanism 11 includes an internal combustion engine 1 provided inside the hull body 10 (in front of the hull body 10 in the present embodiment), a speed reducer, a forward / reverse clutch, a universal joint, and the like as shown in FIG. And a power transmission mechanism (not shown) for transmitting power from the internal combustion engine 1, a power transmission shaft (propeller shaft) 5 extending from the internal combustion engine side 1 to the stern side and extending outside the hull body 10, and the propeller shaft 5. And the first propeller 6 to be operated. A hole is provided in the bottom of the hull body 10 so that the propeller shaft 5 penetrates the bottom of the ship.

  The internal combustion engine 1 is a drive engine that generates power using fuel such as gasoline, light oil, and heavy oil. The power generated in the internal combustion engine 1 is transmitted to the first propeller 6 through the power transmission mechanism and the propeller shaft 5, and the hull body 10 is propelled by the rotation of the first propeller 6. In the case of the inboard motor (inboard) drive system, the first propeller 6 only rotates, and the direction of the ship cannot be changed. For this reason, the rudder 7 is installed behind the first propeller 6, and the traveling direction is determined by the rudder 7.

  The electric propulsion mechanism 12 employs a so-called “inboard / outboard motor” or “stern drive” because of its driving method. As shown in FIG. 1, a battery 13 for supplying electric power to an electric motor 4 serving as a drive source is installed at the inboard stern portion of the hull body 10. In addition, a drive unit 3 (hereinafter referred to as a stern drive 3) including a power transmission mechanism including a speed reducer, a forward / reverse clutch, a universal joint, and the like, which transmits power from the electric motor 4, is provided at the stern portion of the hull body 10. And the second propeller 8 protrudes.

  A generator 17 is provided inside the hull body 10. The generator 17 generates electric power by the operation of the internal combustion engine 1 and can thereby charge the battery 13. It is also possible to charge the battery 13 by a plug-in method from a land power source. Therefore, the generator 17 can be omitted depending on the application. Furthermore, charging by the generator 17 and charging by a plug-in method can be used in combination. Thereby, stable electric power supply to the electric propulsion mechanism 12 is possible, and it is possible to suppress power shortage during running in the electric propulsion mode or the combined propulsion mode described later. In the present invention, the electric motor 4 is not driven without going through the battery 13, but the battery 13 is charged with the electric power generated by the internal combustion engine. Thereby, the internal combustion engine energy by fossil fuel and the electrical energy once stored can be used properly.

  In the stern drive 3, a drive shaft (not shown) of the second propeller 8 connected to the power transmission mechanism is incorporated. The drive shaft is drivingly connected to the drive shaft 14 (see FIG. 1) via a universal joint 15 (see FIG. 2). As a result, the power generated by the current flowing through the electric motor 4 is transmitted to the second propeller 8 via the drive shaft 14, the universal joint 15, the power transmission mechanism, and the drive shaft, and the second propeller 8 is The hull body 10 is propelled by rotating.

  As shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, the stern drive 3 and the second propeller 8 are supported so that they can be tilted up and down in the vertical direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a tilt cylinder 16 capable of advancing and retreating is provided. When mooring a ship, etc., the tilt cylinder 16 moves forward, so that the stern drive as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The third and second propellers 8 can be tilted up. Further, by tilting up the stern drive 3 and the second propeller 8, in the internal combustion type propulsion mode described later, the water surface resistance is eliminated and resistance to high-speed navigation is not generated, and the navigation performance is not deteriorated. Further, when traveling, the tilt cylinder 16 moves backward to tilt down the stern drive 3 and the second propeller 8 as shown by the solid line in FIG.

  Moreover, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the stern drive 3 and the 2nd propeller 8 can be steered in the left-right direction by the well-known utility method, and play the role of a rudder. That is, the direction of travel is determined by steering the tilt cylinder in the left-right direction with a tilt motor (not shown) and a drive pinion mechanism (not shown). Steering by the rudder 7 and the stern drive 3 can be performed by one steering system, and each can be provided with a single steering system.

  The ship body 10 is provided with a selection means 18 (see FIG. 3) including a switch, a lever, etc., and an internal combustion propulsion mode in which only the internal combustion propulsion mechanism 11 is driven to propel the hull body 10; Either an electric propulsion mode in which only the propulsion mechanism 12 is driven to propel the hull body 10 or a combined propulsion mode in which both the internal combustion propulsion mechanism 11 and the electric propulsion mechanism 12 are driven to propel the hull body 10 It is possible to select either. In this case, when the internal combustion type propulsion mode is selected, the driving method of the inboard motor is selected, when the electric type propulsion mode is selected, the driving method of the inboard / outboard motor is selected, and when the combined type propulsion mode is selected, the inboard motor and the inboard / outboard mode are selected. It becomes a drive system that has both machines.

  For example, when a cruising that requires little thrust is planned, such as a relatively short-distance cruising, the hull body 10 is propelled in the electric propulsion mode. As a result, the benefits of driving the electric propulsion mechanism 12 such as suppression of noise, vibration, exhaust gas, etc., resource saving, reduction of operating costs, etc. can be obtained, and benefits of inboard / outboard motors such as good turning performance Can be obtained. On the other hand, when the cruising which requires a thrust is planned like a long distance cruising, the hull body 10 is propelled in the internal combustion type propulsion mode. Thereby, a thrust can be enlarged and the profit by the drive of the internal combustion type propulsion mechanism 11 and the profit of an inboard motor can be acquired. Further, when thrust greater than the internal combustion propulsion mode is required, propulsion can be performed by both the first propeller 6 and the second propeller 8 in the combined propulsion mode.

  As described above, the hybrid propulsion ship of the present invention can obtain the respective benefits based on the propulsion by the internal combustion engine 1 and the propulsion by the electric motor 4 by selecting a desired propulsion mode according to the situation. Revenues based on the aircraft and the inboard / outboard motor can be obtained, and the usage can be expanded. Further, when the hybrid propulsion ship of the present invention is manufactured, it is only necessary to add the electric propulsion mechanism 12 to the existing inboard motor. For this reason, it is not necessary to significantly modify the existing inboard motor, and the modification work is relatively simple, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  While the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these and various modifications can be made. For example, the type is not limited as long as it is a vessel excluding a large boat such as a sightseeing boat or a pleasure boat, not limited to a fishing boat. Further, the total length of the hull body is not limited as long as it can be propelled by the propulsion mechanism of the present invention. Although the internal combustion engine 1 is disposed in front of the hull body 10 in the embodiment, it may be disposed in the center of the hull body 10 in consideration of the balance of the hull body 10 and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 3 Stern drive 4 Electric motor 5 Propeller shaft 6 First propeller 8 Second propeller 10 Hull body 11 Internal combustion propulsion mechanism 12 Electric propulsion mechanism 13 Battery 17 Generator

Claims (2)

An internal combustion engine provided inside the hull body, a power transmission shaft that extends from the internal combustion engine side toward the stern side and that extends outside the hull main body to transmit power generated by the internal combustion engine, and is coupled to the power transmission shaft An internal combustion propulsion mechanism comprising a first propeller,
An electric motor provided inside the stern side of the hull body, a drive unit provided outside the stern side of the hull body and transmitting the power generated by the electric motor, and a second propeller coupled to the drive unit; An electric propulsion mechanism consisting of
An internal combustion propulsion mode in which only the internal combustion propulsion mechanism is driven to propel the hull body, an electric propulsion mode in which only the electric propulsion mechanism is driven to propel the hull main body, or an internal combustion propulsion mechanism and an electric propulsion mechanism A hybrid propulsion vessel characterized by enabling selection of either a combination propulsion mode in which both are driven to propel the hull body.   The hybrid propulsion ship according to claim 1, further comprising a generator and a battery that generate electricity by the operation of the internal combustion engine, and supplies the electric power generated by the generator to the electric motor via the battery.

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