JP2013092117A - Control device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently distribute cores according to an arithmetic operation load of an internal combustion engine, in the internal combustion engine using a multi-core processor having a plurality of cores for arithmetic operation.SOLUTION: This control device of the internal combustion engine 2 arithmetically operates a control target value of an actuator by using the control device 4 with a plurality of cores 6 mounted thereon. The control device 4 includes a core 6A associated with a first crank angle for every 30° CA, and a core 6B associated with a second crank angle equally dividing a part between the adjacent first crank angles by 10° CA. An arithmetic operation program for arithmetically operating the control target value by using a state quantity of the internal combustion engine in the associated crank angle, is allocated to the core 6A and the core 6B. The core 6B arithmetically operates the control target value by the arithmetic operation program when an engine rotating speed is abruptly changed, and is programmed to suspend an arithmetic operation of the control target value except in the sudden change.

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, to a control device for an internal combustion engine that performs calculations using a multi-core processor having a plurality of cores.

  Conventionally, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-269487, in an electronic control device for engine control including a microcomputer adopting at least one of a multi-core configuration and a cache memory mounting configuration, power consumption during engine stop Techniques for reducing the above are disclosed. Both the CPU core and the cache memory are elements with high power consumption in the microcomputer. Therefore, in the above-described conventional technology, a mode is selected in which the CPU core and the cache memory are fully used while the engine is operating and the highest processing capacity is exhibited. A mode for reducing the amount of cache memory used compared to when the engine is operating is selected.

JP 2008-269487 A Special table 2009-541636

  By the way, in model-based control of an internal combustion engine using a control model in recent years, it is possible to speed up computation by performing parallel computation processing using a multi-core processor having many cores. However, as the number of cores used increases, the calculation load increases, and power consumption tends to increase accordingly. For this reason, from the viewpoint of reducing power consumption, it is preferable to perform efficient calculation resource allocation according to the calculation load. In this regard, in the above-described conventional apparatus, no consideration is given to the calculation resource allocation during the engine operation, and there is still room for improvement.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and in an internal combustion engine that performs arithmetic processing using a multi-core processor having a plurality of cores, a high rate according to the combustion state and the arithmetic load of the internal combustion engine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for an internal combustion engine capable of performing a basic use core distribution.

In order to achieve the above object, a first invention has a multi-core processor equipped with a plurality of cores, and uses the multi-core processor to calculate a control target value for one or a plurality of actuators. In
The multi-core processor is
One or more first cores associated with a crank angle for each predetermined crank angle period;
One or a plurality of second cores associated with a crank angle that equally divides the predetermined crank angle period into a plurality of periods,
A calculation program for calculating a control target value of the one or more actuators using a state quantity of the internal combustion engine at an associated crank angle is assigned to the first core and the second core,
When the engine state determined from the engine speed of the internal combustion engine belongs to a predetermined combustion unstable region, the second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program, and the engine state is set to the predetermined value. When not belonging to the combustion unstable region, it is programmed to pause the calculation of the control target value.

According to a second invention, in the first invention,
The engine state is a rate of change of the engine speed of the internal combustion engine,
The second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program when the change rate is larger than a predetermined reference rate, and when the change rate is smaller than a predetermined reference rate, the control target It is characterized by being programmed to pause the computation of values.

According to a third invention, in the first or second invention,
The engine state is an engine speed of the internal combustion engine;
When the engine speed is smaller than a predetermined reference value, the second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program, and when the engine speed is larger than a predetermined reference value, It is characterized by being programmed to pause the calculation of the control target value.

  According to the first invention, a calculation program for calculating the control target value of one or a plurality of actuators at the associated crank angle is assigned to each core. When the engine state determined from the engine speed of the internal combustion engine belongs to a predetermined combustion instability region, control target values are calculated in the first and second cores, and the predetermined combustion instability is calculated. If it does not belong to the region, the calculation of the control target value in only the first core is performed, and the calculation of the control target value in the second core is suspended. For this reason, according to the present invention, when the combustion of the internal combustion engine is unstable, the calculation cycle can be subdivided, so that the rotational behavior of the internal combustion engine can be accurately grasped and the control target value can be calculated. This makes it possible to stabilize combustion. Further, when the combustion of the internal combustion engine is not unstable, the number of cores used can be reduced by pausing the second core, so that power consumption can be effectively suppressed.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, when the rate of change of the engine speed is greater than a predetermined reference rate, the control target value is calculated in the first and second cores, and the rate of change is calculated as the predetermined reference rate. When the ratio is smaller than the ratio, the calculation of the control target value only with the first core is performed, and the calculation of the control target value with the second core is suspended. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve engine stall characteristics by stabilizing combustion at the time of sudden change in engine speed at which combustion tends to become unstable, and to reduce the number of cores used during periods when combustion is stable. It is possible to improve fuel consumption by suppressing power consumption.

  According to the third invention, when the engine speed is smaller than the predetermined reference value, the control target value is calculated in the first and second cores, and the engine speed is less than the predetermined reference value. If the value is too large, the calculation of the control target value in only the first core is performed, and the calculation of the control target value in the second core is suspended. For this reason, according to the present invention, the engine stall characteristic is improved by stabilizing the combustion at low revolutions where the combustion tends to be unstable, and the power consumption is reduced by reducing the number of cores used during the period when the combustion is stable. The fuel consumption can be improved by the suppression.

It is a figure for demonstrating schematic structure of the internal combustion engine system as embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the routine performed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a flowchart of the routine performed in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the element which is common in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
[Configuration of Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an internal combustion engine control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The control system includes an internal combustion engine 2 to be controlled and a control device 4 that operates a plurality of actuators included in the internal combustion engine 2 to control its operation. The internal combustion engine 2 of the present embodiment is a diesel engine, and there are three types of actuators: a diesel throttle, an EGR valve, and a turbocharger variable nozzle.

  The control device 4 of the present embodiment is configured as a multi-core processor on which four cores 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D are mounted, and is realized as part of the function of the engine ECU. Although not shown, each core 6 includes a cached CPU and a local memory, and the cores 6 are connected by a bus. The local memory stores various programs executed by the CPU and various data used when the programs are executed. A shared memory shared between the cores is also connected to the bus. In the control device 4 of the present embodiment, a multi-core processor on which four cores are mounted will be described. However, the control device 4 may be configured as a so-called many-core processor on which a plurality of cores are further mounted.

[One Operation of Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. The control device 4 according to the present embodiment controls the diesel engine 2 by so-called model-based control, and calculates control target values of the plurality of actuators described above by frequently using model prediction. Specifically, various information including an EGR rate “egr”, a supercharging pressure “pim”, an engine speed “Ne”, and a fuel injection amount “Q” are transmitted from the diesel engine 2 to the control device 4 according to a predetermined crank. Captured every angular period. Based on the acquired information, the control device 4 controls the throttle opening “Dth” that is the operation amount of the diesel throttle, the EGR valve opening “EGRv” that is the operation amount of the EGR valve, and the variable nozzle opening that is the operation amount of the variable nozzle. The degree “VN” is calculated and output to the diesel engine 2.

  Here, the length of the sampling period (crank angle period) for fetching information such as the engine speed Ne into the control device 4 affects the stability of combustion. That is, for example, when the crank angle period of the sampling cycle is set to be long (for example, 30 ° CA), there is a possibility that a sudden change in the control target value occurs when the engine speed changes suddenly. In this case, when the controllability of the actuator is deteriorated, the combustion becomes unstable and the engine stall resistance is deteriorated.

  On the other hand, when the crank angle period of the sampling cycle is set short (for example, 10 ° CA), a sudden change in the control target value can be suppressed even when the engine speed changes suddenly. However, in this case, since the calculation load becomes large, a decrease in fuel consumption due to an increase in power consumption becomes a problem.

  Therefore, in the control device 4 of the present embodiment, in order to make these problems compatible at a high level, the calculation cycle of the control target value is variably set according to the degree of fluctuation of the engine speed. This will be specifically described below.

  First, the core 6A has, for example, 30 ° CA as a crank angle (hereinafter referred to as “first crank angle”) for each predetermined crank angle period (for example, 30 ° CA) in the 720 ° CA combustion cycle. A total of 24 crank angles of 60 ° CA, 90 ° CA,... 660 ° CA, 690 ° CA, 720 ° CA (0 ° CA) are associated with each other. Further, the core 6B has a crank angle (hereinafter referred to as “second crank angle”) that divides a period between crank angles associated with the core 6A into equal intervals (for example, 10 ° CA), for example, A total of 48 crank angles of 10 ° CA, 20 ° CA, 40 ° CA,... 680 ° CA, 700 ° CA, and 710 ° CA are associated with each other. The core 6A and the core 6B use various state quantities including the EGR rate “egr”, the supercharging pressure “pim”, the engine speed “Ne”, and the fuel injection amount “Q” at the associated crank angle. A calculation program for calculating the throttle opening “Dth”, the EGR valve opening “EGRv”, and the variable nozzle opening “VN” is assigned.

  Further, the core 6B calculates the control target value by the above calculation program when the engine speed changes suddenly, and pauses the calculation of the control target value when the engine speed is relatively stable. It has been programmed. As a case where the engine speed suddenly changes, for example, a case where the rate of change of the engine speed exceeds a predetermined reference ratio is assumed. According to such a configuration, in a combustion unstable region where combustion is likely to be unstable, such as when the engine speed changes suddenly, the calculation cycle of the control target value is subdivided to increase the calculation accuracy, thereby stabilizing the combustion. Can be prioritized. On the other hand, when the engine speed is relatively stable, relatively stable combustion can be ensured even if the calculation cycle of the control target value is lengthened. Therefore, the core 6B is suspended and the number of cores used is reduced. Thus, power consumption can be effectively suppressed.

[Specific Processing in Embodiment 1]
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the specific content of the process performed in this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a routine in which the control device 4 calculates the control target value. The routine shown in FIG. 2 is repeatedly executed during operation of the internal combustion engine 2.

  In the routine shown in FIG. 2, it is first determined whether or not the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 2 is suddenly changing (step 100). Specifically, the rate of change of the engine speed Ne is calculated here, and it is determined whether or not the calculated rate of change exceeds a predetermined reference rate. As a result, if it is recognized that the rate of change of the engine speed Ne> the reference ratio is established, it is determined that there is a possibility that the control target value may change suddenly due to a sudden change in the engine speed, and the next step is performed. The control target value is calculated using the state quantity for each crank angle of 10 ° CA (step 102). Specifically, the calculation of the control target value at the second crank angle using the core 6B is executed in addition to the calculation of the control target value at the first crank angle using the core 6A. .

  On the other hand, in step 100, if the rate of change in the engine speed Ne> the establishment of the reference ratio is not recognized, it is determined that there is no risk of a sudden change in the control target value because the engine speed is stable. Then, the process proceeds to the next step, and the control target value is calculated using the state quantity for each crank angle of 30 ° CA (step 104). Specifically, the calculation of the control target value at the second crank angle using the core 6B is paused, and the control target value is calculated only at the first crank angle using the core 6A. Is done.

  As described above, according to the system of the present embodiment, the calculation cycle of the control target value can be further subdivided when the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 2 is suddenly changed. It can be effectively increased to suppress deterioration of the controllability of the actuator. Further, according to the system of the present embodiment, when the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 2 is stable, the number of cores used is reduced, so that the fuel consumption can be improved by reducing the calculation load.

  By the way, in Embodiment 1 mentioned above, although the case where this invention was applied to control of a diesel engine (compression ignition internal combustion engine) was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to a diesel engine, gasoline and alcohol are used. The present invention can be applied to control of a spark ignition internal combustion engine as a fuel and other various internal combustion engines.

  In the first embodiment described above, the associated crank angle is such that the first crank angle is every 30 ° CA and the second crank angle is every 10 ° CA in combination with the first crank angle. However, the first crank angle and the second crank angle are not limited to this, and may be set to other crank angle periods.

  In Embodiment 1 described above, the first crank angle is associated with the core 6A and the second crank angle is associated with the core 6B. However, the associated core is not limited to these cores. That is, if the first crank angle and the second crank angle are associated with different cores, for example, the first (or second) crank angle may be distributed and associated with a plurality of cores. Alternatively, each of the first (or second) crank angles may be associated with different cores by using a control device including a many-core.

  Further, in the first embodiment described above, as a determination when the engine speed changes suddenly, the engine speed change rate is compared with a predetermined reference ratio. For example, the determination may be made based on a change in accelerator opening, a fuel injection amount, or the like.

  In the first embodiment described above, the control device 4 includes the “multi-core processor” in the first invention, the core 6A, the “first core” in the first invention, and the core 6B. This corresponds to the “second core” in the first invention.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
[Features of Embodiment 2]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment can be realized by executing a routine shown in FIG. 3 described later using the system shown in FIG.

  In order to stabilize combustion in the internal combustion engine 2, state quantities such as the engine speed Ne are accurately measured, and the throttle opening Dth, EGR valve opening EGRv, and variable nozzle opening are based on these state quantities. It is required to calculate a control target value such as VN. In particular, since the combustion is likely to become unstable when the engine speed is low, it is preferable to perform calculation using more accurate state quantities.

  Therefore, in the control device 4 of the present embodiment, the calculation cycle is subdivided when the engine speed is low. Specifically, in the core 6B, the control target value is calculated by the calculation program when the engine speed is lower than a predetermined low speed, and when the engine speed is higher than the predetermined low speed, the control target value is calculated. Programmed to pause value computation. According to such a configuration, in the unstable combustion region where the combustion is likely to be unstable, such as when the engine speed is low, the rotational behavior of the internal combustion engine is accurately measured to give priority to stabilization of combustion. In an area where combustion is relatively stable, power consumption can be effectively suppressed by reducing the number of cores used.

[Specific Processing in Second Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the specific content of the process performed in this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a routine in which the control device 4 calculates the control target value. Note that the routine shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly executed during operation of the internal combustion engine 2.

  In the routine shown in FIG. 3, it is first determined whether or not the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 2 is low (step 200). Specifically, it is determined whether or not the engine speed Ne is lower than a predetermined reference speed. As a result, when it is recognized that the engine speed Ne <reference speed is established, it is determined that the combustion becomes unstable due to the decrease in the engine speed, and the routine proceeds to the next step, and the crank angle is changed every 10 ° CA. The control target value is calculated using these state quantities (step 202). Specifically, the calculation of the control target value at the second crank angle using the core 6B is executed in addition to the calculation of the control target value at the first crank angle using the core 6A. .

  On the other hand, if it is not recognized in step 200 that engine speed <reference speed is satisfied, it is determined that there is no problem even if the calculation period of the control target value is somewhat prolonged because combustion is relatively stable. Then, the process proceeds to the next step, and the control target value is calculated using the state quantity for each crank angle of 30 ° CA (step 204). Specifically, the calculation of the control target value at the second crank angle using the core 6B is paused, and the control target value is calculated only at the first crank angle using the core 6A. Is done.

  As described above, according to the system of the present embodiment, the calculation cycle of the control target value can be further subdivided at the time of low rotation at which combustion is likely to be unstable. It can be effectively increased to suppress deterioration of the controllability of the actuator. Further, according to the system of the present embodiment, while the combustion is relatively stable, the calculation cycle of the control target value can be increased at high revolutions, so that the fuel consumption is improved by reducing the calculation load Can be achieved.

  By the way, in Embodiment 2 mentioned above, although the case where this invention was applied to control of a diesel engine (compression ignition internal combustion engine) was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to a diesel engine, gasoline and alcohol are used. The present invention can be applied to control of a spark ignition internal combustion engine as a fuel and other various internal combustion engines.

  In the second embodiment described above, the associated crank angle is such that the first crank angle is every 30 ° CA and the second crank angle is every 10 ° CA in combination with the first crank angle. However, the first crank angle and the second crank angle are not limited to this, and may be set to other crank angle periods.

  In the second embodiment described above, the first crank angle is associated with the core 6A and the second crank angle is associated with the core 6B. However, the associated core is not limited to these cores. That is, if the first crank angle and the second crank angle are associated with different cores, for example, the first (or second) crank angle may be distributed and associated with a plurality of cores. Alternatively, each of the first (or second) crank angles may be associated with different cores by using a control device including a many-core.

  In the second embodiment described above, the control device 4 includes the “multi-core processor” in the first invention, the core 6A, the “first core” in the first invention, and the core 6B. This corresponds to the “second core” in the first invention.

2 Internal combustion engine (diesel engine)
4 Control devices 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D Core

Claims (3)

In a control device for an internal combustion engine that has a multi-core processor on which a plurality of cores are mounted and calculates a control target value of one or a plurality of actuators using the multi-core processor,
The multi-core processor is
One or more first cores associated with a crank angle for each predetermined crank angle period;
One or a plurality of second cores associated with a crank angle that equally divides the predetermined crank angle period into a plurality of periods,
A calculation program for calculating a control target value of the one or more actuators using a state quantity of the internal combustion engine at an associated crank angle is assigned to the first core and the second core,
When the engine state determined from the engine speed of the internal combustion engine belongs to a predetermined combustion unstable region, the second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program, and the engine state is set to the predetermined value. A control device for an internal combustion engine, which is programmed to pause the calculation of the control target value when it does not belong to a combustion unstable region. The engine state is a rate of change of the engine speed of the internal combustion engine,
The second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program when the change rate is larger than a predetermined reference rate, and when the change rate is smaller than a predetermined reference rate, the control target 2. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control device is programmed to pause the calculation of the value. The engine state is an engine speed of the internal combustion engine;
When the engine speed is smaller than a predetermined reference value, the second core calculates the control target value by the calculation program, and when the engine speed is larger than a predetermined reference value, 3. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control device is programmed to pause the calculation of the control target value.

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