JP2013054005A - Weather variation information providing system, weather variation information providing method, weather variation information providing program and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a weather variation information providing system that can visualize and provide information capable of being used for predicting weather variations such as a downburst occurring in facilities where a flying object takes-off and lands in real-time, and further to provide a weather variation information providing method, a weather variation information providing program and a recording medium.SOLUTION: A weather variation information providing system 1 includes: a plurality of atmospheric pressure measuring devices 2 disposed in a dispersed manner in a taking-off/landing region including a target position from/to which a flying object takes-off and lands; and a data processor 4. The data processor 4 includes: an atmospheric pressure data acquiring section 32 for acquiring atmospheric pressure data from individual ones of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measuring devices 2; and a weather variation information generating section 34 for generating information related to local weather variations occurring due to a change in atmospheric pressure on the basis of the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data acquiring section 32. The weather variation information generating section 34 generates time series image information representing atmospheric pressure distribution in the taking-off/landing region as at least a part of the information related to the weather variations.

Description

  The present invention relates to a weather change information providing system, a weather change information providing method, a weather change information providing program, and a recording medium that provide information related to weather change in a facility where a flying object takes off and landing.

  AMeDAS is an abbreviation for “Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System” and refers to “Regional Meteorological Observation System”. In order to closely monitor the weather conditions such as rain, wind, and snow in terms of time and area, it is important for the prevention and mitigation of weather disasters by automatically observing precipitation, wind direction / wind speed, temperature and sunshine duration. Playing a role. AMeDAS started operation on November 1, 1974, and there are currently about 1300 observation stations nationwide for observing precipitation. Of these, in addition to precipitation, wind direction, wind speed, temperature, and sunshine duration are observed at about 850 locations (about 21 km intervals), and snow depth is also observed at about 290 locations in snowy regions. ing.

  The Japan Meteorological Agency issues weather forecasts from a wide range of weather information at weather stations covering the whole country or a wide range of weather information such as cloud movements sent from artificial satellites. In the case of such weather forecasts by the Japan Meteorological Agency, the observation mesh is large and the time mesh is large, and it is possible to predict rainfall in a wide area from the weather forecast. It is very difficult to predict rainfall in a very small area such as a factory with a large number of plant facilities. This is because if there are many unspecified factors such as the topography near the factory, a weather situation completely different from the weather forecast, such as a sunset, often occurs.

  Furthermore, sales trends in stores and usage conditions in outdoor facilities change according to climate characteristics such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Therefore, it is important to acquire and analyze the weather information of the area in real time in these businesses. It is also important for users to know what the local climate is in order to act comfortably in the local area.

  By the way, weather information over a wide area can be obtained free of charge from the weather forecast of the Japan Meteorological Agency, but detailed weather information and analysis results have to be obtained from specialized service providers and are expensive.

  In the conventional weather information collection and distribution method, a content provider distributes weather information to a user by obtaining weather information of a relatively wide range from a meteorological association or the like using a meteorological satellite, AMeDAS, a weather radar, or the like. In this case, since the obtained weather information covers a relatively wide area, the weather information of the pinpoint area that the user really wants to obtain cannot be obtained and the user's needs cannot be met. Currently.

  The general public obtains meteorological information, pollen information, etc. from the “Amedas” etc. established by the Japan Meteorological Agency through TV, radio, etc., but this information is a fairly wide range of general information and is not necessarily used. It could not be said to be detailed information closely related to a specific area or area expected by a person. Although it is possible to acquire such information by the conventional method as described above, the introduction of a new observation device and communication equipment requires enormous costs. In addition, if you want to distribute regional information to individuals, or if you want to distribute earthquake or volcanic prediction information to each home, you need to install a receiving device in each home, and you will have to pay considerable expenses. It will be tough.

  Patent Document 1 states that “the tendency of the atmospheric pressure data is obtained based on current and past atmospheric pressure data collected from a plurality of weather sensors (hygrometer, barometer, solar radiation meter, rain gauge, wind direction / anemometer, etc.). A trend extracting means for predicting atmospheric pressure data at a future predicted time based on the trend atmospheric pressure data, a minimal area data storage means for storing minimal area atmospheric pressure data specific to a predetermined minimal area, and a past atmospheric pressure in advance One or more barometric pressure data out of the trend barometric pressure data, the predicted barometric pressure data, and the current barometric pressure data generated by the trend extracting unit, and the confidence level function information storage unit that stores the confidence level function information related to rainfall generated from the data Using the minimum region atmospheric pressure data and the certainty function information, the reliability of rainfall for each atmospheric pressure data is obtained, and the certainty of rainfall is calculated. If to determine, and a prediction judgment means for obtaining a final rainfall confidence, rainfall prediction apparatus characterized by predicting the precipitation of minimum area "it has been proposed.

  Patent Document 2 states that “means for generating atmospheric pressure data by observing physical quantities related to weather (generating data on at least one of indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor humidity, outdoor humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall)” And a weather information providing server connected to the Internet for storing the atmospheric pressure data, and a client (computer) for extracting the atmospheric pressure data from the weather information providing server via the Internet and performing a predetermined process. Meteorological information processing device characterized by the above has been proposed.

  Patent Document 3 states that “a plurality of information terminals in areas distant from each other are connected to server information devices via communication lines, and information is transferred between these information terminals and between the information terminals and the server. It is the Internet, and a sensor for weather observation (detecting atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, illuminance, rainfall, cloud height, wind direction, wind speed, etc.) and a timer are connected to the information terminal, and the obtained atmospheric pressure data is A graph program for displaying a time function graph is provided, and the server is provided with a storage device for storing atmospheric pressure data, map data, and an atmospheric pressure program for creating an atmospheric pressure weather map, and the server is accessed from the information terminal on the Internet. Barometric pressure data is transmitted, and barometric pressure data of any one of the sensors is received and displayed in a graph, and the server stores the memory data. A meteorological observation network system is proposed in which a wide-area atmospheric pressure weather map using the map data is created from the atmospheric pressure data stored in a device using the atmospheric pressure program, and the information terminal receives and displays them. ing.

  In Patent Document 4, “a meter reading device that transmits a measured meter reading value to a center via a communication system is provided, and is connected to the meter reading device, and at least one of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, noise, presence / absence of rainfall, and rainfall amount. There has been proposed a sensor device for observing such observation data, wherein the observation data is allowed to be transmitted to the center together with the meter reading value and stored in the meter reading device.

  Patent Document 5 states that “a plurality of mobile objects that are loaded with weather observation terminals capable of observing weather and transmit atmospheric pressure data, a plurality of user terminals that transmit and receive the atmospheric pressure data and the atmospheric pressure data; and the user A plurality of mobile units comprising: a content server that manages search and distribution of the atmospheric pressure data requested from a terminal; and the Internet that connects the plurality of mobile units with the plurality of user terminals and the content server. Transmits information from various sensors loaded in the car and position information and time information from the GPS receiver to the content server via a mobile phone at a fixed time period, and the content server moves the plurality of movements. Meteorological information received from the body is processed and accumulated for each district point and time and distributed in response to inquiries from the plurality of user terminals. Meteorological terminal air temperature, air pressure, humidity, illuminance, rainfall, weather information collection distribution method "is proposed, which is a sensor for outputting the detected sensor data either atmospheric conditions of lightning.

  Therefore, since the weather information collection and distribution method can transmit the latest position data and barometric pressure data at each district point where each mobile object is traveling, highly accurate weather forecasts etc. for pinpoint districts can be sent to many users. Can be provided easily.

  Patent Document 6 includes “a plurality of portable terminals, an information processing center that collects information from these portable terminals, processes and distributes the information, and a communication network that performs communication between the portable terminal and the information processing center. In the information collection / distribution system, the portable terminal is configured to specify a position specifying unit for specifying its own location, an information collecting unit for collecting information, an output of the position specifying unit and an output of the information collecting unit. A transmission means for transmitting to the center; and a display means for displaying information from the information processing center, wherein the information processing center is a server for managing input / output information and information for storing and managing information from the portable terminal A database and transmission means for transmitting the information in the information database to the mobile terminal, and the position specifying means is a current status of the mobile terminal. Is collected as longitude data and latitude data, and the information collecting means is weather information measuring means for measuring weather information such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, ultraviolet intensity, pollen concentration, etc.・ "Distribution system" has been proposed. Therefore, it is possible to provide specific area information and detailed information.

  In Patent Document 7, “information detected by information detection means (information for detecting vehicle speed and position, vehicle wiper operation information, outside air temperature information, and atmospheric pressure information) installed in many vehicles” is disclosed. Are collected from each of the numerous vehicles, and the collected information is organized as regional information for each preset specific region and / or information type, and the regional information is wired, wireless, or via a specific medium, etc. A system for collecting and organizing information using vehicles characterized by being provided to users has been proposed.

  Therefore, the information collection and organization system using vehicles collects detection information detected from a large number of vehicles traveling on roads, etc., analyzes and organizes all the collected information, and obtains regional information (regional, The information can be provided to the user in real time. In addition, the number of vehicles can be increased to increase the number of information collection sources, and various information can be detected as detection information. Therefore, there is little information bias, and detailed information can be provided.

  In Patent Document 8, “a positioning means for acquiring position information by GPS, a measuring means for measuring atmospheric pressure data, a transmitting means for transmitting observation information including the positional information, atmospheric pressure data and measurement time to an external device, Storage means for storing the atmospheric pressure data transmitted by the transmission means, wherein the measurement means comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an atmospheric pressure sensor, and the measurement means is arranged at predetermined time intervals. Alternatively, the atmospheric pressure data is continuously measured, and when the predetermined change occurs between the previous atmospheric pressure data stored in the storage means and the measured atmospheric pressure data, the atmospheric pressure data measured by the transmission means is included. An information terminal for collecting meteorological information characterized by transmitting observation information has been proposed.

  Therefore, since position information is acquired by GPS, atmospheric pressure data can be acquired quickly and easily at an arbitrary position, and weather in a narrow area where the information terminal is currently located can be predicted with high accuracy.

  As described above, in the radio mobile communication system, the cell radius of the base station is in the range of several hundred meters to several kilometers, and in the case of a cell radius of several kilometers, one cell is divided into a plurality of sectors. There are many cases. That is, the wireless mobile communication system can collect weather information in a region narrower than the section where AMeDAS is installed. If GPS, which is expected to become increasingly popular in the future, is mounted on mobile portable terminals, more detailed positioning is possible. In other words, by installing a weather sensor on each mobile terminal, using a mobile communication network and collecting weather sensor information, it is possible to collect weather information in a very narrow range at short intervals compared to AMeDAS. It is possible to make a short-term forecast accurately.

  The problem is that the reliability of the weather information observed by the weather sensor mounted on the mobile portable terminal is lower than the weather information observed at AMeDAS. Mobile mobile terminals are required to be smaller and cheaper, and it is difficult to mount a weather sensor with high accuracy and high price. In addition, when the mobile mobile device is in a bag or bag, when the mobile mobile device is placed in an air-conditioned room, or when the mobile mobile device is worn and affected by body temperature, observation by a weather sensor Conditions vary. It will be difficult to install high-precision and high-priced weather sensors in mobile handsets in the future, and how accurate the weather information collected by weather sensors will be, that is, of the collected weather information, It is important how to effectively remove weather information unnecessary for forecasting.

  Furthermore, it is difficult for the mobile portable terminal to transmit a large amount of observed weather information data communication. In a normal mobile communication system, packet communication is used for non-voice communication, and a fee system is charged according to the amount of information transmitted and received. Considering reduction of communication charges, reduction of communication traffic, etc., the amount of observed weather information communication data is preferably as small as possible.

  Here, if the communication frequency of the mobile portable terminal is reduced and the communication time interval is increased, the communication fee can be reduced and the communication traffic can be reduced. In AMeDAS, meteorological observation is conducted once every 10 minutes. However, in mobile communication, it is a relatively frequent transmission frequency that meteorological observation is performed once every 10 minutes and weather information is periodically transmitted each time. In addition, as described above, it is necessary to periodically transmit weather information at short intervals in terms of accurately performing weather forecasts at short intervals in a narrow area.

  Patent Document 9 states that “a weather prediction system including a mobile portable terminal and a communication host device, wherein the mobile portable terminal receives threshold information from the sensor unit that measures weather information and the communication host device. And an information control unit that discards weather information measured by the sensor unit based on threshold information received by the communication unit, and causes the communication unit to transmit weather information that has not been discarded to the communication host device The communication host device includes an external weather information database unit for storing at least one of external weather information other than the weather information measured by the sensor unit, seasonal information, and map information; Stores threshold information for discarding weather information measured by the sensor unit, which is calculated based on information stored in the weather information database unit. And a network interface for transmitting the threshold information stored in the threshold information storage unit to the mobile portable terminal and receiving weather information transmitted by the communication means. A weather forecasting system has been proposed.

  According to this configuration, the weather information can be measured by the sensor unit, and the first weather prediction can be performed in the first weather prediction unit based on the weather information. Furthermore, unnecessary weather information is discarded based on the threshold information stored in the first threshold information storage unit, the first weather prediction is performed based on the necessary small amount of weather information, and the first weather prediction output means is provided with the first Since the weather forecast can be output, the computing power required for the first weather forecast is reduced, and the mobile portable terminal capable of performing the first weather forecast with confidence is reduced in size and power consumption is reduced. can do. Furthermore, since the sensor unit measures minimum weather information, the amount of weather information transmitted by the communication means can be reduced.

  Appropriate allocation of functions for mobile mobile terminals and communication host devices, accurate weather forecasting, communication traffic can be reduced, and complex processing in mobile mobile terminals can be reduced. It is possible to provide a weather forecasting system that can provide a highly convenient weather forecasting service.

  Patent Document 10 states that “a transmission device is composed of a wirelessly connected sensor device and a transmission / reception device, an environmental state detection unit is provided in the sensor device, and a transmission unit is provided in the transmission / reception device. Environmental information supply system "has been proposed.

  Patent Document 11 states that “the above-mentioned data received by a central receiver that can receive meteorological / sea state measurement data and position data of each ship transmitted from ship-mounted radios of a large number of ships is collected and recorded in advance. It can calculate weather and sea state data at a number of fixed points at a given time, create grid data consisting of the relevant weather and sea state data body and header information, and further calculate isobar data etc. based on the grid data There has been proposed a “meteorological / sea state data real-time providing system including a database including an arithmetic circuit, a storage device capable of storing the arithmetic result, and a communication interface connectable to a communication line network”. In addition, each data received by the central receiver is subdivided into a mesh shape (the area is arbitrary, for example, 10 km square), but GIS (Geographic Information System) technology is used for each GPS position data corresponding to the sea area. [Similar example “AMeDAS”], which displays an isobaric line and the like on a map, and stores the result in a database.

  By the way, the current weather information system service implemented by a private weather company is based on the results of numerical forecast models created by the Japan Meteorological Agency and wide-area national data such as AMeDAS, and these are displayed as images on a computer. . That is, grid point value data (grid point value, hereinafter referred to as GPV data) mainly composed of a numerical forecast model created by a supercomputer of the Japan Meteorological Agency has become the mainstream of forecasts. Since this GPV data covers not only the Japanese archipelago area but also a wide area including the coastal waters surrounding Japan, conversely, predicting local weather in a narrow area from such a wide range of data. Is difficult. This is because even the smallest grid of GPV data has a wide range of about 30 km on one side (for example, the area between Tokyo and Kawasaki in Tokyo). For example, it is a local area such as Haneda Airfield and Yoyogi Park. The weather is not captured by this model and cannot be analyzed. Therefore, when creating a local forecast for each user from the numerical forecast model results, each time a forecast is created, the weather engineer further subdivides it with computer techniques and adds topographic correction data to create a wide-area model result. I was trying to translate atmospheric phenomena into local forecasts in a narrow sense. However, even if translated in this way, this GPV data cannot originally be accurate because it does not include local / specific data.

  By the way, it is known that cumulus clouds and cumulonimbus clouds are usually formed by strong ascending currents, but when entering the decay period, precipitation particles act on the surrounding air to produce a frictional effect, thereby generating descending air currents. Of these downdrafts, those that are extremely strong enough to cause a disaster on the ground are called downbursts. Downbursts often cause a variety of (and often serious) damage, especially for aircraft, and are the most notable weather phenomenon. As for the wind speed of the downdraft, even if it is a normal one, a “strong typhoon” or an instantaneous wind speed of about 30 (m / s) similar to that of a F1 tornado is observed, and rarely reaches a wind speed more than double this.

  Downburst blows down near the ground, then hits the ground and spreads horizontally. A relatively small downburst with a spread of less than about 4 km is called a microburst, and a large downburst with a spread of 4 km or more is called a macroburst. Usually, microburst is faster and stronger than macroburst.

  Further, in Doppler radar observation, a downburst is one in which the difference in wind speed between two directions away from the radar and the direction approaching the radar (corresponding to the difference in wind speed of the horizontal flow) is 10 (m / s) or more. However, if the range of the wind speed difference is too large, it is difficult for the radar to discriminate. Therefore, the microburst with the wind speed difference range of less than 4 km is mainly targeted.

  For aircraft taking off and landing, this downburst is a phenomenon directly linked to a crash. This is because the aircraft is pushed to the ground by a strong downdraft when landing at an unstable aircraft attitude, particularly at a speed close to the stall speed. Another phenomenon that occurs simultaneously with downburst is wind shear. This is because the downward flow blows from the center of the downburst to the ground, but this downward flow is bounced back to the ground to become turbulent airflow, and the wind direction changes radially from the center of the downburst. In other words, the wind direction changes suddenly at low altitude.

  For example, if a downburst occurred in front of the runway when landing, the aircraft will rise due to a strong headwind. On the other hand, the pilot continues to approach landing by reducing the engine output, etc., but after passing near the center of the downburst (microburst), the aircraft is pushed toward the ground at once, this time against the aircraft A strong tailwind blows. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the engine output and increase the airspeed, but unlike the reciprocating engine, the jet engine for civil aircraft has a time lag of several seconds from the pilot operation to the output increase. Therefore, at the time of landing, there is a small margin to the stall speed originally, so it may quickly fall into a stall and it may crash without a margin to recover due to low altitude. Even if it does not result in a crash, it will be a landing with a considerable impact close to a crash.

  Such accidents occurred frequently in the United States from the 1970s to the 1980s, especially in the United States, where there are many commercial aircraft. Therefore, in recent years, researches are underway to install meteorological Doppler radars at airports, detect and predict their occurrence, and prevent crashes. In addition, countermeasures against wind shear are also being promoted on the aircraft side, and when A320 (registered trademark) or the like detects wind shear, a program is issued that issues a warning and automatically enters and avoids go-around. ing.

  In Patent Document 12, “the past meteorological phenomenon data is learned a number of times in accordance with changes in the surrounding environment using a neural network, and“ threshold value ”and“ synapse coupling coefficient ”calculated by the learning result are used. A local weather prediction method for predicting the weather at a locally specified point has been proposed.

  As a result, it is possible to create a highly accurate forecast limited to a local area with its own weather network without being particular about the numerical forecast model of the Japan Meteorological Agency.

  Patent Document 13 states that “a method for selecting a weather prediction result using a low-pressure movement vector, and a plurality of predictions based on a low-pressure movement vector and a plurality of weather prediction results calculated based on atmospheric pressure data at a certain point in time. A prediction result selection step of selecting a weather prediction result corresponding to the prediction motion vector having the smallest difference from the movement vector, and storing data on the weather prediction result in a storage device And a method for selecting a weather forecast result including

  Thereby, the novel technique for correct | amending a weather forecast appropriately and improving the precision of a weather forecast can be provided.

  Patent Document 14 relates to a microburst detection system that detects a microburst generated in an approach path of an aircraft, and more specifically, a microburst is generated by detecting a pressure change on the ground surface caused by a downdraft with a pressure sensor. A technical idea about a microburst detection system that predicts the above is described.

  That is, conventionally, since the microburst detection system has grasped the state of the atmosphere by radar echoes, some kind of fine particles, such as raindrops, that become reflectors are required in the airflow. In addition, two radar scans are required to perform high altitude scan and low altitude scan, and high altitude scan must be performed at a certain altitude and at a certain angle when the aircraft enters the approach system. There was a restriction that the low altitude scan had to be done without being affected by the buildings and cars around the runway.

  Therefore, in view of these points, the pressure change on the surface caused by the downdraft of the microburst is directly detected by the pressure sensor, and the degree of danger due to wind shear that occurs in the microburst is predicted. , Which does not require reflectors in the airflow, is not affected by the position of the aircraft or buildings around the runway, etc., and can be predicted with high detection accuracy including micro bursts in clean air It aims to provide a burst detection system. That is, “in the microburst detection system for detecting microburst generated in the approach path of the aircraft entering the runway, the system is provided in a matrix form at least one of the runway and the vicinity of the approach road, and is descending. A plurality of pressure sensors for detecting pressure changes on the ground surface caused by an air current; and a transmission means for transmitting pressure data obtained by the pressure sensors, and transmitting the pressure data to the aircraft from the transmission means. A microburst detection system characterized by doing so has been proposed.

  Patent Document 15 proposes an aircraft information transmission / reception system. Conventionally, flight of aircraft requires information in relatively small ranges of several tens of meters to several hundreds of meters at least in low-air areas where the fluctuation of weather is relatively severe, and three-dimensional information including altitude directions. In consideration of the fact that the aircraft flies at high speed, etc. as a whole, information in the range of at least 100 km in the front and left and right directions of the aircraft and in the range of thousands to tens of thousands of feet in the altitude direction Provision is required. As described above, since it is necessary to distribute an enormous amount of data to an aircraft and real-time characteristics are also required, it is required to compress information and distribute it at high speed.

  However, when each piece of information in each small space obtained by subdividing the airspace three-dimensionally as described above is compressed and distributed using an information compression technique such as JPEG compression, the information in each small space is transmitted by the aircraft. Cannot be restored reversibly and accurately. For this reason, for example, there is a problem that the boundary between spaces having different weather conditions becomes unclear, information is deteriorated, and cannot be used for flight path management of an aircraft.

  Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, “a ground station that distributes flight information to an aircraft flying in its own controlled airspace is provided, and the ground station has an area for distributing flight information to the aircraft. Set in the management airspace, and separate the flight information into position information that represents the position in the region where the numerical value of the flight information changes and the change information that represents the change in the numerical value at the position. An aircraft information transmission / reception system that compresses the position information and distributes the position information and the compressed change amount information to the aircraft has been proposed.

  Patent Document 16 proposes an apparatus and method that can uniquely estimate atmospheric pressure data at an arbitrary three-dimensional lattice point. Conventionally, when atmospheric pressure data on a three-dimensional lattice point is estimated by using the above-mentioned objective analysis method using meteorological observation data in a relatively narrow range (about 50 km square), the weather included in the target range The weighting factors of observation data set from each meteorological observation point are all zero at some grid points because there are few observation points, their positions are not evenly distributed, or there is no wind direction data over the sky. In many cases, an objective analysis is impossible because a very small value close to, a weighted average cannot be calculated numerically, and a primary estimated value cannot be obtained. As countermeasures, virtual pressure data can only be artificially added by trial and error, making it difficult for beginners to perform objective analysis of pressure data. Moreover, even if virtual barometric pressure data is added and a result is obtained, there is a problem that the obtained result is not unique depending on the position and numerical value of the added virtual barometric pressure data.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 16, when performing simulation for atmospheric diffusion prediction and local weather survey using meteorological observation data, without adding virtual barometric pressure data, regardless of how to select a target range, It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method that can uniquely estimate atmospheric pressure data at an arbitrary three-dimensional lattice point using only meteorological observation data included in a target range.

  That is, “in the atmospheric pressure data estimation device for estimating the meteorological element data of each grid point obtained by dividing the target space area into a grid from the meteorological element observation data of a plurality of meteorological observation points included in the target space and time domain, The weighting factor of meteorological element observation data at each point corresponding to each grid point is set to at least the horizontal distance, vertical height and height of topographic barrier between each grid point and each meteorological observation point, or a plurality of these An observation data weighting factor calculation means that assigns a weighted coefficient (weighting factor component) closer to each grid point and calculates the product of those components, and an estimate of meteorological element data at each grid point Atmospheric pressure data primary estimation processing means that is calculated by multiplying the meteorological element observation data at the observation point by the above-mentioned calculated observation data weighting factor, and each meteorological observation point for each grid point Minute weight coefficient determination means for determining whether or not the maximum value of the observed data weight coefficient is equal to or less than a preset minute threshold value, and determination that the calculated maximum value of the observed data weight coefficient is equal to or less than the minute threshold value The weight of each weather station by using the product of only the observation data weight coefficient components whose maximum value exceeds the minute threshold, or by assigning a constant without weighting all the stations. A minute weight coefficient correction processing means for correcting and setting so that the maximum value of the coefficient exceeds a minute threshold value, and correcting the atmospheric pressure data estimated by the atmospheric pressure data primary estimation process using the corrected weight coefficient. There is proposed a “barometric pressure data estimation apparatus” characterized by having a corrected atmospheric pressure data estimation processing means.

  Patent Document 17 describes the following matters.

  When an aircraft encounters turbulence, depending on the magnitude of the turbulence encountered, passengers and crew may be injured or serious accidents may occur in the aircraft itself. For this reason, it has been required to accurately predict and avoid the occurrence of turbulence, particularly clear-air turbulence (CAT: Clear-Air Turbulence), which is difficult to detect by visual recognition or radar, in the operation of an aircraft.

  Here, conventionally, turbulence is predicted by calculating an index (Index) related to the size of vertical wind shear at each point on the route based on information provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The method of predicting is mainly used. However, in the conventional prediction based on vertical wind shear, the aircraft encounters turbulence in spite of the fact that turbulence is not predicted. There was a case that did not occur. That is, with the conventional turbulence prediction method, it is very difficult to accurately predict and avoid the generation of turbulence.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 17, “a data receiving unit that receives input of data relating to atmospheric conditions and a plurality of types of indices related to different physical processes related to the generation of turbulence using the data received by the data receiving unit”. A turbulence prediction system comprising: an index calculation unit that calculates a prediction value calculation unit that calculates a predicted value indicating the possibility of occurrence of turbulence based on the plurality of types of indexes calculated by the index calculation unit. '' Has been proposed.

  Patent Document 18 states that, “In a Doppler lidar optical remote airflow measurement device using laser light, a threshold is set for the received signal intensity, and information about the received signal below the threshold is invalidated, and When the received signal exceeding the threshold is confirmed to continue for a certain period of time at the same position, it is determined as correct airflow information, and when specific airflow information is recognized based on the airflow information determined to be correct Has proposed a remote airflow warning display method that automatically issues a warning by voice or display.

  Patent Document 19 includes a "receiving means for receiving wide-area atmospheric pressure data including the airfield control area, which is periodically provided from an air pressure data server in a weather information providing system for providing weather information in the airfield control area; Observe the reflected wave of Rayleigh scattering / Bragg scattering, and calculate the wind speed in all directions during rain / clear weather from the observation result, observe the wind distribution in the airfield control area and output it at intervals of several minutes A meteorological observation apparatus and the wide-area pressure data are used as initial values, and meteorological observation data including the wind distribution is sequentially assimilated to create and update a weather prediction model in the area. From the prediction model, 1 km in the area A meteorological prediction calculation device that performs an extremely fine weather prediction calculation including a wind distribution below a mesh and outputs the calculation result as weather prediction information. Distribution providing system "has been proposed.

JP 7-225284 A JP-A-10-132958 JP 2000-138978 A JP 2001-134882 A JP 2002-044289 A JP 2002-358321 A JP 2002-358599 A JP 2003-028967 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-300196 JP 2004-303125 A JP 2005-189165 A JP 09-049884 A JP 2003-098271 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-080166 JP 2009-251730 A JP 2007-248355 A JP 2009-192262 A JP 2010-217077 A JP 2007-017316 A

  As described above, for an aircraft taking off and landing, downburst is a phenomenon directly connected to a crash, and it is an important issue to accurately predict the occurrence of downburst. 24 (A) to 24 (C) are schematic diagrams showing a mechanism for generating a downburst. FIG. 24A is the cumulus period, and ascending airflow is generated by heating the air near the ground surface, and cumulus (cumulonimbus) develops. FIG. 24B is a mature period, and a sufficiently grown cumulus (cumulonimbus) generates a sudden downdraft (downburst). FIG. 24C is a decay period, and cumulus clouds (cumulonimbus clouds) gradually disappear and the downdraft becomes weak. In this way, downburst is a phenomenon that occurs locally with the growth of cumulus clouds and cumulonimbus clouds and disappears in a short time, and accurately predicts the occurrence of downbursts from changes in weather conditions up to the cumulus period at the latest. It is required to notify the pilot.

  The devices and systems described in Patent Documents 1 to 11 acquire data on weather using means such as sensors, but weather such as downburst that occurs locally and disappears in a short time. No effective proposal has been made on how to predict fluctuations.

  Furthermore, the method of Patent Document 12 includes, for example, the current measured values of wind direction, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure observed in Haneda, and the atmospheric pressures of Choshi, Omaezaki, Hachijojima, and Akita, which are four observation points in the east, west, south, and north centering on Haneda. The current weather measurement is used to predict local weather in Haneda, but the distance between observation points is too large compared to the size of the meteorological phenomenon that we want to grasp. For this reason, it is impossible to capture the phenomenon that causes local weather fluctuations, and in principle, it is impossible to accurately predict the occurrence of downbursts.

  Further, the low pressure referred to in the technique of Patent Document 13 is a low pressure appearing on a weather map as an infrared photograph, and a small low pressure due to a locally developing cumulus or cumulonimbus cannot be captured. That is, the information regarding the low pressure obtained from the infrared photograph has insufficient size resolution, and the real-time property of the obtained information is poor.

  Prediction of downburst by the devices and systems described in Patent Documents 14 to 19 has the following problems. In other words, the occurrence of turbulence may be inferred from the shape of clouds, but it may be difficult to predict because it may cause sudden fluctuations such as turbulence in fine weather or turbulence due to topography. . In addition, downbursts that affect takeoff and landing of aircraft and the like are important for feedback of the occurrence status to control towers and pilots in real time, but they are judged by observing the wind direction and wind speed using Doppler lidar. However, the current situation is that we have not been able to accurately predict and measure the occurrence of downbursts. Furthermore, in order to accurately predict downbursts, it is important to visualize changes in weather conditions related to downbursts in real time in an easy-to-understand manner, but no such attempt has been made.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and according to some aspects of the present invention, in order to predict weather fluctuations such as downbursts that occur in facilities where flying objects take off and land. It is possible to provide a weather change information providing system, a weather change information providing method, a weather change information providing program, and a recording medium that can visualize and provide usable information in real time.

  (1) The present invention is a meteorological change information providing system for providing information on local meteorological fluctuations caused by changes in atmospheric pressure in a facility where a flying object takes off and landing, and a target position for taking off and landing of a flying object is determined. A plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices distributed in a take-off and landing area, and a data processing device that processes barometric pressure data measured by each of the plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices. An atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit that acquires the atmospheric pressure data from each of the atmospheric pressure measurement devices, and a weather fluctuation information generation unit that generates information on the weather fluctuations in real time based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit; The meteorological change information generation unit includes, as at least part of the information related to the meteorological change, a time-series image representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area Generating a broadcast, a weather change information providing system.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices are distributed and arranged in a takeoff / landing region including a target position for takeoff / landing of a flying object, thereby obtaining barometric pressure data measured by each barometric pressure measuring device to obtain a barometric pressure in the takeoff / landing region. Distribution information can be obtained. According to the present invention, by processing the information on the atmospheric pressure distribution, it is possible to determine whether or not a local weather fluctuation such as a downburst that occurs due to a change in the atmospheric pressure in the takeoff and landing area, It is possible to provide useful information that can be used for prediction of occurrence.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area is visualized and provided as a time-series image (an image that changes in real time). It can be grasped and used effectively for forecasting weather fluctuations.

  (2) In this weather change information providing system, the weather change information generation unit, as time-series image information representing the atmospheric pressure distribution, represents a time-series image representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area in different colors according to the atmospheric pressure. Information may be generated.

  In this way, it is possible to very easily grasp the temporal change of the atmospheric pressure distribution in the takeoff and landing area.

  (3) In this weather change information providing system, the weather change information generation unit calculates the atmospheric pressure gradients at a plurality of positions in the take-off and landing area based on the atmospheric pressure data, and as at least a part of the information related to the weather change The information on the change in the atmospheric pressure gradient in the take-off and landing area may be generated.

  Since there is a correlation between the atmospheric pressure gradient and the wind direction / wind speed, it is possible to know the approximate wind direction / wind velocity from the information of the change in the atmospheric pressure gradient. Therefore, by using the information on the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution together with the information on the atmospheric pressure distribution, it can be expected to improve the accuracy of the determination of the occurrence of the weather fluctuation such as the downburst and the prediction of the occurrence of the weather fluctuation.

  (4) In this weather fluctuation information providing system, the data processing device detects or predicts the occurrence of a downburst in the take-off and landing area based on the information on the weather fluctuation, and detects the occurrence of a downburst or If predicted, a downburst analysis unit that generates alarm information may be further included.

  In this way, detection and prediction of downburst can be automated and alarm information related to downburst can be provided.

  (5) In this weather change information providing system, the data processing device may further include a transmission control unit that performs control to transmit information on the weather change or the alarm information.

  In this way, it is possible not only to display information on weather fluctuations and alarm information on the monitor of the data processing device, but also to automatically transmit it to a flying object or the like.

  (6) In this weather change information providing system, the plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices may be arranged so as to have different densities according to the distance from the take-off and landing target position.

  In this way, the observation mesh becomes finer in the position where the risk associated with the occurrence of the downburst is higher, and the analysis accuracy of the downburst can be increased. Conversely, at a position where the risk associated with the occurrence of a downburst is relatively low, the cost can be reduced while ensuring the necessary and sufficient analysis accuracy by making the observation mesh somewhat rough.

  (7) In this weather change information providing system, at least some of the plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices may be arranged at different altitudes.

  In this way, it is possible to provide more detailed information in consideration of the change in pressure in the height direction.

  (8) In this weather change information providing system, each of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measuring devices has a pressure sensitive element that changes a resonance frequency in accordance with atmospheric pressure, and obtains atmospheric pressure data in accordance with the vibration frequency of the pressure sensitive element. You may make it include the atmospheric | air pressure sensor to output.

  In general, barometers used for weather observation have a resolution of the order of hPa, whereas frequency change type barometric sensors measure Pa vibration frequency of a pressure sensitive element with a high frequency clock signal relatively easily. An order measurement resolution can be obtained. Further, the frequency change type atmospheric pressure sensor can detect the fluctuation amount of atmospheric pressure (change in atmospheric pressure) with high accuracy, whether the atmospheric pressure is changing slowly or suddenly. According to the present invention, by using a high-resolution frequency change type atmospheric pressure sensor, a slight change in atmospheric pressure in a short period of time can be captured, and a weather fluctuation (such as a downburst) that occurs locally and disappears in a short time. Information for detection and prediction can be provided. By analyzing this information, weather fluctuations can be detected and predicted with high accuracy.

  (9) In this weather fluctuation information providing system, the pressure sensitive element may be a double tuning fork piezoelectric vibrator.

  By using a double tuning fork piezoelectric vibrator, a barometer with higher resolution can be realized.

  (10) The present invention provides a weather fluctuation information providing method for providing information on local weather fluctuation caused by a change in atmospheric pressure at a facility where a flying object takes off and landing, and a target position for taking off and landing of the flying object is determined. A barometric pressure data acquisition step for acquiring barometric pressure data from each of a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices distributed in a take-off and landing area, and information on the weather fluctuation in real time based on the barometric pressure data acquired in the barometric pressure data acquisition step Generating meteorological change information, and generating, in the meteorological change information generating step, time-series image information representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least part of the information related to the meteorological change. This is a method for providing fluctuation information.

  (11) The present invention is a weather change information providing program for providing weather change information related to local weather change caused by a change in atmospheric pressure in a facility where a flying object takes off and landing, and a target for taking off and landing of a flying object A barometric pressure data acquisition unit that acquires barometric pressure data from each of a plurality of barometric pressure measurement devices distributed in a take-off and landing area including a position, and information on the weather fluctuation based on the barometric pressure data acquired by the barometric pressure data unit The computer functions as a meteorological variation information generation unit that generates in real time, and the meteorological variation information generation unit generates time-series image information representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least part of the information related to the meteorological variation. It is a program to provide weather change information.

  (12) The present invention is a computer-readable recording medium in which the weather change information providing program is recorded.

1 is a schematic diagram of a weather change information providing system according to an embodiment. The figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of an atmospheric pressure measuring apparatus. The figure which shows the structural example of the weather fluctuation information provision system of this embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the determination table. The figure which shows the structural example of the atmospheric | air pressure sensor of this embodiment. The schematic diagram of the cross section of the pressure sensor element of this embodiment. The schematic diagram of the cross section of the pressure sensor element of this embodiment. The bottom view which shows typically the vibration piece and diaphragm of this embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the flowchart of a whole process. The figure which shows an example of the flowchart of the process which calculates an atmospheric pressure gradient. Explanatory drawing of the atmospheric pressure gradient vector between nodes. Explanatory drawing of the example of calculation of the atmospheric pressure gradient vector of each node. The figure which shows an example of the flowchart of the process which produces | generates weather fluctuation information. The figure which shows an example of the display image of atmospheric | air pressure distribution roughly. The figure which shows an example of the display image of atmospheric | air pressure gradient distribution roughly. The figure which shows roughly an example of the display image of atmospheric | air pressure distribution and atmospheric | air pressure gradient distribution. The figure which shows an example of the flowchart of the prediction process of a downburst. The figure which shows notionally the relationship between the generation | occurrence | production process of a downburst, and atmospheric pressure distribution and atmospheric pressure gradient distribution. The figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the atmospheric | air pressure measuring apparatus in the modification 1. Explanatory drawing of the example of calculation of the atmospheric | air pressure gradient vector of each node in the modification 1. FIG. The figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the atmospheric | air pressure measuring apparatus in the modification 2. The figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the atmospheric | air pressure measuring apparatus in the modification 3. Explanatory drawing of the relationship between atmospheric pressure gradient and wind. Schematic which shows the generation | occurrence | production mechanism of a downburst.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not unduly limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. Also, not all of the configurations described below are essential constituent requirements of the present invention.

1. Overview of the weather fluctuation information provision system The weather fluctuation information provision system of this embodiment is a system for information on local weather fluctuations (hereinafter referred to as "weather fluctuation information") caused by a change in atmospheric pressure at a facility where a flying object takes off and landing. )I will provide a. The flying object may be any object that can fly, such as an airplane such as an airplane, helicopter, glider, airship, balloon, or a radio-controlled model. In addition, facilities where flying objects take off and landing are, for example, airports, heliports, aircraft carriers, and plazas, and include facilities (such as school grounds and parking lots) where aircraft and the like may temporarily take off and land. Examples of local weather fluctuations caused by changes in atmospheric pressure include downbursts (rapid downdrafts), gusts such as crosswinds, tornadoes, and heavy rains. Hereinafter, a climate change information providing system that provides information on downburst that has a particularly significant effect on takeoff and arrival of aircraft at an airport will be described as an example.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the weather fluctuation information providing system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, in the meteorological change information providing system of the present embodiment, the target position (touchdown zone) TD1, TD2 of the aircraft 6 around the runway 5 of the airport is included in an area (takeoff / landing area). A plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices 2 (indicated by white circles) are distributed. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the atmospheric pressure measuring devices 2 may be distributed so as to cover the entire runway 5, or as shown in FIG. 2 (B), around the TD1 and the TD2 The atmospheric pressure measurement devices 2 may be distributed only around the periphery.

  In the present embodiment, a large number of barometric pressure measuring devices 2 are distributed in a grid pattern, and an observation mesh having each barometric pressure measuring device 2 as a node is formed. However, it is only necessary that the plurality of weather measurement devices 2 are arranged in a distributed manner, and may not be arranged in a grid pattern. In this observation mesh, one rectangular section is formed by four nodes. The length of one side of each section (distance between nodes) is a value that can detect and predict the occurrence of downburst with sufficient accuracy in consideration of the airport's climate and other conditions (for example, several hundred m Is set to: However, the distance between the nodes may not be constant. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, for convenience, the boundary lines of the sections are indicated by broken lines. However, in practice, it is not necessary to display such boundary lines at the airport.

  Each atmospheric pressure measuring device 2 measures the atmospheric pressure at a constant period, and transmits the measured atmospheric pressure data to a data processing device (not shown). The data processing device is installed in, for example, a control room in the control tower 7 of FIG. 1, receives atmospheric pressure data from each atmospheric pressure measuring device 2, and generates weather fluctuation information based on the received atmospheric pressure data. However, the data processing device may be installed outside the airport. For example, a data processing device may be mounted on the aircraft 6 or a server connected to a communication network such as the Internet may be used as the data processing device.

  The weather change information generated by the data processing device is transmitted to and displayed on the monitor of the data processing device or another display device in the control room. Further, the weather change information is also transmitted to the aircraft 6 and displayed on the monitor of the aircraft 6. Controllers and pilots can determine whether or not a downburst has occurred or predict the occurrence of a downburst by monitoring this weather fluctuation information. Alternatively, the data processing device may detect and predict a downburst according to a predetermined criterion. Thereby, the controller can promptly instruct the pilot to prohibit landing and takeoff according to the degree of risk. In addition, the pilot can avoid landing and takeoff at his own discretion.

2. Configuration of Weather Fluctuation Information Providing System FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the weather variation information providing system of the present embodiment. The meteorological change information providing system of the present embodiment may have a configuration in which some of the components (each unit) in FIG. 3 are omitted or other components are added.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the weather fluctuation information providing system 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices 2 and a data processing device 4.

  Each of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measurement devices 2 includes an atmospheric pressure sensor 10 and is distributed in the take-off and landing areas. As the atmospheric pressure sensor 10, a frequency change type that captures a change in pressure as a change in the frequency of the vibrator, a capacitance type that captures a change in pressure as a change in capacitance, and a change in pressure as a change in the resistance value of the piezoresistor. Sensors such as piezoresistive sensors can be applied.

  The atmospheric pressure measurement device 2 measures the weather in real time with a period of the second order, and the measured atmospheric pressure data is transmitted by the transmission unit 12 with, for example, a radio wave having a frequency assigned to each atmospheric pressure measurement device 2. Different transmission frequencies are assigned to the atmospheric pressure measuring devices 2.

  The data processing device 4 includes a receiving unit 20, a processing unit (CPU: Central Processing Unit) 30, an operation unit 40, a storage unit 50, a recording medium 60, a display unit 70, and a transmission unit 80.

  The receiving unit 20 receives transmission data from each atmospheric pressure measurement device 2 while switching at a predetermined cycle so that the reception frequency becomes a transmission frequency assigned to each atmospheric pressure measurement device 2 in order, and demodulates the atmospheric pressure data. Then, the receiving unit 20 sends the demodulated atmospheric pressure data to the processing unit (CPU) 30.

  The transmission unit 12 of each barometric pressure measuring device 2 transmits barometric pressure data in a time-division manner at predetermined periodic timings using radio waves having the same transmission frequency, and the reception unit of the data processing device 4 20 may receive the atmospheric pressure data in a time division manner in synchronization with the transmission timing of each atmospheric pressure measuring device 2.

  The operation unit 40 is an input device including operation keys, button switches, and the like, and outputs an operation signal corresponding to an operation by a user to the processing unit (CPU) 30.

  The storage unit 50 stores programs, data, and the like for the processing unit (CPU) 30 to perform various calculation processes and control processes. In particular, the storage unit 50 of the present embodiment stores a determination table 52 that defines a correspondence relationship between a determination criterion for weather conditions and a downburst. This criterion includes at least a condition relating to atmospheric pressure, and whether or not the amount of decrease in atmospheric pressure per predetermined time exceeds a predetermined threshold may be used as a criterion for downburst. In addition, when the data processing device 4 can obtain temperature and humidity information, the criteria for the temperature and humidity may be included in the determination criteria. For example, whether or not the amount of decrease in atmospheric pressure per predetermined time exceeds a predetermined threshold and whether or not the temperature is within a predetermined range may be used as a downburst determination criterion.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the determination table 52. The example of FIG. 4 indicates that a downburst is occurring when the criterion 1 is satisfied. Further, it is shown that if the criterion 2 is satisfied, a downburst may occur within a predetermined time. Further, the degree of possibility of downburst may be divided into a plurality of stages, and the criterion 2 may be subdivided as, for example, criteria 2-1 to 2-3.

  The storage unit 50 is used as a work area of the processing unit (CPU) 30. Data input from the operation unit 40, programs and data read from the recording medium 60, and the processing unit (CPU) 30 performs various programs. It is also used for temporarily storing the calculation result and the like executed according to the above.

  The processing unit (CPU) 30 performs various calculation processes and control processes in accordance with programs stored in the storage unit 50 and the recording medium 60. Specifically, the processing unit (CPU) 30 receives atmospheric pressure data from the receiving unit 20 and performs various calculation processes. In addition, the processing unit (CPU) 30 is configured to perform various processes in accordance with operation signals from the operation unit 40, display various types of information on the display unit 70, aircraft and control towers via the reception unit 20 and the transmission unit 80. The process etc. which control data communication with are performed.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the processing unit (CPU) 30 includes an atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32, a weather fluctuation information generation unit 34, a downburst analysis unit 36, and a transmission control unit 38 which will be described below. However, the processing unit (CPU) 30 of the present embodiment may have a configuration in which some of these configurations (elements) are omitted or another configuration (element) is added.

  The atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32 performs a process of continuously acquiring the atmospheric pressure data transmitted from the reception unit 20 in association with the identification ID of the atmospheric pressure measurement device 2. Specifically, the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32 receives each atmospheric pressure data, and stores the received atmospheric pressure data in the storage unit 50 in order in association with the identification ID assigned to each atmospheric pressure measurement device 2.

  The meteorological change information generation unit 34 performs processing for generating meteorological change information in the take-off and landing area in real time based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32. In particular, the meteorological change information generation unit 34 of the present embodiment generates time-series image information (image information updated in real time) representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least part of the weather change information.

  Further, the weather fluctuation information generation unit 34 calculates the atmospheric pressure gradients at a plurality of positions in the takeoff / landing area based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32, and uses the atmospheric pressure in the takeoff / landing area as at least a part of the weather fluctuation information. Information on the change in gradient may be generated. The position for calculating the atmospheric pressure gradient may be an arbitrary position, for example, the position of each node of the observation mesh.

  The information on the change in the atmospheric pressure gradient may be graph information indicating the temporal change in the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node of the observation mesh, or time-series image information indicating the distribution of the atmospheric pressure gradient in the observation mesh (updated in real time). Image information).

  When the downburst analyzer 36 detects or predicts the occurrence of a downburst based on the weather fluctuation information generated by the weather fluctuation information generator 34 and detects and predicts the occurrence of a downburst in the takeoff and landing area The process for generating alarm information is performed. Specifically, the downburst analysis unit 36 refers to the determination table 52 stored in the storage unit 50, and the first determination criterion included in the determination table 52 (corresponding to the determination criterion 1 in the example of FIG. 4). The occurrence of downburst is determined according to Further, the downburst analysis unit 36 determines whether or not a downburst occurs within a predetermined time according to a second determination criterion included in the determination table 52 (corresponding to the determination criterion 2 in the example of FIG. 4). .

  Note that, when the occurrence of a downburst is detected, the downburst analysis unit 36 may generate alarm information including a downburst occurrence position. Further, when the occurrence of a downburst is predicted, the downburst analysis unit 36 may generate alarm information including a predicted downburst occurrence position and a predicted occurrence time.

  The transmission control unit 38 sends the weather variation information generated by the weather variation information generation unit 34 and the warning information generated by the downburst analysis unit 36 via the transmission unit 80 to the aircraft 6 and the control tower 7 (the data processing device 4 controls). And control to transmit to the outside of the tower 7).

  If the weather change information providing system of the present embodiment is sufficient to provide the weather change information, the downburst analysis unit 36 may not be provided.

  The recording medium 60 is a computer-readable recording medium. In particular, in the present embodiment, a weather fluctuation information providing program for causing the computer to function as each of the above-described units is stored. Then, the processing unit (CPU) 30 according to the present embodiment executes a weather fluctuation information providing program stored in the recording medium 60, whereby an atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32, a weather fluctuation information generation unit 34, and a downburst analysis unit. 36, which functions as a transmission control unit 38. Alternatively, the meteorological change information providing program is received from a server connected to a wired or wireless communication network via the communication unit 80 or the like, and the received meteorological change information providing program is stored in the storage unit 50 or the recording medium 60. You may make it run a weather fluctuation information provision program. However, at least a part of the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit 32, the weather fluctuation information generation unit 34, the downburst analysis unit 36, and the transmission control unit 38 may be realized by hardware (dedicated circuit).

  The recording medium 60 can be realized by, for example, an optical disk (CD, DVD), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a magnetic disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, or a memory (ROM, flash memory, etc.).

  The display unit 70 is a display device configured by an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or the like, and displays various types of information based on display signals input from the processing unit (CPU) 30. For example, each frame of the atmospheric pressure distribution image and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution image is displayed on the display unit 70 in real time.

  In order to capture the occurrence of a downburst and a precursor in the take-off and landing area in real time by the weather fluctuation information providing system 1 having such a configuration, it is desirable to use a high-resolution Pa-order sensor as the atmospheric pressure sensor 10. At present, frequency change type barometric sensors have higher resolution than capacitance type and piezoresistive type barometric sensors, and frequency change type barometric sensors can achieve resolutions of 1 Pa or less. is there.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the frequency change type atmospheric pressure sensor 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 of this embodiment includes a pressure sensor element 100, an oscillation circuit 110, a counter 120, a TCXO (Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator) 130, an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) 140, a temperature sensor 150, and an EEPROM. (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) 160 and a communication interface (I / F) 170 are included. However, the atmospheric pressure sensor of the present embodiment may have a configuration in which some of the components (each unit) in FIG. 5 are omitted or other components are added.

  The pressure sensor element 100 has a pressure-sensitive element of a method (vibration method) that uses a change in the resonance frequency of the resonator element. This pressure-sensitive element is a piezoelectric vibrator formed of a piezoelectric material such as quartz, lithium niobate, or lithium tantalate. For example, a tuning fork vibrator, a double tuning fork vibrator, an AT vibrator (thickness sliding) A resonator), a SAW resonator, or the like is applied.

  In particular, a double tuning fork type piezoelectric vibrator has a very large change in resonance frequency with respect to elongation / compression stress and a large variable range of the resonance frequency compared to an AT vibrator (thickness shear vibrator), etc. By using a tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrator, a high-resolution barometric sensor capable of detecting a slight barometric pressure difference can be realized. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 of the present embodiment uses a double tuning fork type piezoelectric vibrator as a pressure sensitive element. In addition, excellent stability and the highest level of resolution and accuracy can be realized by selecting a quartz material having a high Q value and excellent temperature stability as the piezoelectric material.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the pressure sensor element 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a bottom view schematically showing the resonator element 220 and the diaphragm 210 of the pressure sensor element 100 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 7, the base 230 as a sealing plate is omitted. 6 corresponds to a cross section taken along line AA of FIG.

  The pressure sensor element 100 includes a diaphragm 210, a vibrating piece 220, and a base 230 as a sealing plate.

  The diaphragm 210 is a flat plate-like member having a flexible part that receives pressure and bends. The outer surface of the diaphragm 210 is a pressure receiving surface 214, and a pair of protrusions 212 are formed on the back side of the pressure receiving surface 214.

  The vibration piece 220 includes a vibration beam (beam) 222 and a pair of base portions 224 formed at both ends of the vibration beam 222. The vibrating beam 222 is formed between the pair of base portions 224 in a doubly supported beam shape. The pair of base portions 224 are fixed to a pair of protrusions 212 formed on the diaphragm 210, respectively. The vibration beam 222 is appropriately provided with an electrode (not shown), and the vibration beam 222 can be bent and vibrated at a constant resonance frequency by supplying a drive signal from the electrode. The vibrating piece 220 is formed of a piezoelectric material. Examples of the material of the vibrating piece 220 include piezoelectric materials such as quartz, lithium tantalate, and lithium niobate. The vibration piece 220 is supported by the frame portion 228 by the support beam 226.

  The base 230 is joined to the diaphragm 210 to form a cavity 232 with the diaphragm 210. By using the cavity 232 as a decompression space, the Q value of the resonator element 220 can be increased (the CI value can be reduced).

  In the pressure sensor element 100 having such a structure, the diaphragm 210 bends and deforms when pressure is applied to the pressure receiving surface 214. Then, since the pair of base portions 224 of the vibrating piece 220 are respectively fixed to the pair of protrusions 212 of the diaphragm 210, the distance between the base portions 224 changes according to the deformation of the diaphragm 210. That is, when pressure is applied to the pressure sensor element 100, tensile or compressive stress can be generated in the vibration beam 222.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the pressure sensor element 100 and shows a state in which the diaphragm 210 is deformed by the pressure P. FIG. FIG. 8 is an example in which the diaphragm 210 is deformed to be convex toward the inside of the element due to the action of the pressure (pressure P) from the outside to the inside of the pressure sensor element 100. In this case, the interval between the pair of protrusions 212 is increased. On the other hand, although not shown, when a force from the inside to the outside of the pressure sensor element 100 acts, the diaphragm 210 is deformed so as to protrude toward the outside of the element, and the distance between the pair of protrusions 212 becomes small. . Accordingly, tensile or compressive stress is generated in a direction parallel to the vibration beam 222 of the vibration piece 220 whose both ends are fixed to the pair of protrusions 212. In other words, the pressure applied in the direction perpendicular to the pressure receiving surface 214 is converted into stress in a linear direction parallel to the vibration beam 222 of the vibration piece 220 via the protrusion (support portion) 212.

  The resonance frequency of the vibration beam 222 can be analyzed as follows. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the length of the vibration beam 222 is l, the width is w, and the thickness is d, the equation of motion when the external force F acts in the long side direction of the vibration beam 222 is It is approximated by (1).

  In equation (1), E is the longitudinal elastic constant (Young's modulus), ρ is the density, A is the cross-sectional area of the vibrating beam (= w · d), g is the gravitational acceleration, F is the external force, y is the displacement, and x is the vibration. Each arbitrary position of the beam is represented.

  By solving the equation (1) by giving a general solution and boundary conditions, the following equation (2) of the resonance frequency when there is no external force is obtained.

Second moment ^{I =} dw 3/12, the cross-sectional area A = dw, from λI = 4.73, equation (2) can be modified as the following equation (3).

Accordingly, the resonance frequency f ₀ when the external force F = 0 is proportional to the beam width w and inversely proportional to the square of the length l.

When the resonance frequency f _F when the external force F is applied to the two vibrating beams is determined in the same procedure, the following equation (4) is obtained.

Second moment I = ^dw 3/12 from equation (4) can be modified as the following equation (5).

In Formula (5), _SF represents stress sensitivity (= K · 12 / E · (l / w) ² ), and σ represents stress (= F / (2A)).

From the above, when the force F acting on the pressure sensor element 100 is negative in the compression direction and positive in the expansion direction, the resonance frequency f _F decreases when the force F is applied in the compression direction, and the force F is expanded and contracted. When added, the resonance frequency f _F increases.

  Then, the linearity error caused by the pressure-frequency characteristic and the temperature-frequency characteristic of the pressure sensor element 100 is corrected using the polynomial shown in the following equation (6), whereby the pressure value P with high resolution and high accuracy is obtained. Can be obtained.

In Expression (6), f _n is a sensor normalized frequency, and is represented by f _n = (f _F / f ₀ ) ² . Further, t is a temperature, and α (t), β (t), γ (t), and δ (t) are expressed by the following equations (7) to (10), respectively.

  In Expressions (7) to (10), a to p are correction coefficients.

That is, by measuring the frequency of the output signal of the pressure sensor element 100, the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 220 (resonance frequency f _F when the force F acts) can be obtained, and the resonance frequency f ₀ measured in advance or corrected The pressure P can be calculated from the equation (6) using the coefficients a to p.

  Returning to FIG. 5, the oscillation circuit 110 outputs an oscillation signal obtained by causing the vibration beam 222 of the pressure sensor element 100 to oscillate at the resonance frequency.

  The counter 120 is a reciprocal counter that counts a predetermined period of the oscillation signal output from the oscillation circuit 110 with a high-accuracy clock signal output from the TCXO 130 serving as a reference clock source. However, the counter 120 may be configured as a direct counting frequency counter (direct counter) that counts the number of pulses of the oscillation signal of the pressure sensor element 100 at a predetermined gate time.

An MPU (Micro Processing Unit) 140 performs a process of calculating the pressure value P from the count value of the counter 120. Specifically, the MPU 140 calculates the temperature t from the detection value of the temperature sensor 150 and uses the correction coefficient values a to p stored in advance in the EEPROM 160 to calculate α ( t), β (t), γ (t), and δ (t) are calculated. Further, the MPU 140 uses the count value of the counter 120 and the value of the resonance frequency f ₀ stored in advance in the EEPROM 160 to calculate the pressure value P from Equation (6). Then, the pressure value P calculated by the MPU is output to the outside of the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 via the communication interface 170.

  According to the pressure change type pressure sensor 10 having such a configuration, the vibration frequency of the pressure sensor element 100 is counted by a high-accuracy and high-frequency (for example, several tens of MHz) clock signal output from the TCXO 130 by the counter 120. Since the MPU 140 calculates the pressure value and corrects the linearity error by digital calculation processing, it is possible to obtain a pressure value (atmospheric pressure data) with high resolution and high accuracy in the order of Pa. Furthermore, since the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 can update the atmospheric pressure data with a period of a second order even if the count time is taken into account, it can capture a slight change in atmospheric pressure in a short time, and is suitable for real-time atmospheric pressure measurement. Yes.

  In this embodiment, the TCXO 130 is used as a reference clock source. However, the reference clock source is configured by an oscillation circuit that does not have a temperature compensation circuit, for example, a crystal oscillation circuit that includes an AT-cut crystal resonator. Also good. In this case, the pressure fluctuation detection accuracy is reduced by the absence of the temperature compensation circuit, but whether the reference clock source is the crystal oscillation circuit or the TCXO 130 depends on the cost of the prediction system and the prediction accuracy. The designer may select as appropriate.

3. Processing of weather change information provision system [Overall processing]
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flowchart of overall processing of the processing unit (CPU) 30 of the data processing device 4.

  First, when the data processing device 4 is activated, the processing unit (CPU) 30 sets a time variable t to 0 (S10).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (atmospheric pressure data acquiring unit 32) acquires the atmospheric pressure data measured by each atmospheric pressure measuring device 2 (S12). From the atmospheric pressure data, the atmospheric pressure of each node of the observation mesh at time t is obtained.

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (weather change information generation unit 34) calculates the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node at time t from the atmospheric pressure data (atmospheric pressure of each node of the observation mesh) acquired in step S12 (S14). .

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34) calculates the atmospheric pressure of the takeoff and landing area at time t from the atmospheric pressure of each node obtained in step S12 and the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node calculated in step S14. Distribution data and distribution data of atmospheric pressure gradient are generated (S16).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) detects and predicts the occurrence of downburst from the distribution data of atmospheric pressure and the distribution data of atmospheric pressure gradient up to time t generated in step S16, and is necessary. The warning information is generated according to (S18).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 displays the atmospheric pressure distribution data, the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data, and the warning information at the time t on the monitor and transmits them to the aircraft 6 or the like (S20).

  Then, the processing unit (CPU) 30 increases the time variable t by Δt and repeats the processing of S12 to S20 until the processing ends (Y in S22).

  By such processing of the processing unit (CPU) 30, for example, assuming that Δt is 1 second, the distribution image of the atmospheric pressure and the atmospheric pressure gradient displayed on the monitor is updated in real time every second.

[Calculation of atmospheric pressure gradient]
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flowchart of the process of calculating the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node at time t (the process of S14 of FIG. 9).

First, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (weather change information generation unit 34) calculates the atmospheric pressure gradient between all two adjacent nodes from the atmospheric pressure data at time t (S110). Here, two adjacent nodes are two nodes on each side of each section of the observation mesh. The atmospheric pressure gradient G between two adjacent nodes N ₁ and N ₂ is expressed as follows, assuming that the atmospheric pressure of the node N ₁ is P ₁ , the atmospheric pressure of the node N ₂ is P ₂ , and the distance between the nodes N ₁ and N ₂ is L. Calculated by equation (11).

Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the middle point of the nodes N ₁ and N ₂ is the starting point, the length according to the magnitude of the atmospheric pressure gradient G, and the direction according to the sign of the atmospheric pressure gradient G (from the higher atmospheric pressure) Pressure gradient vector g can be considered.

Then, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (weather change information generating unit 34) sets a variable i to 0 (S112), pressure between each node adjacent to the node _{N i} and node _{N i} at time t from the vector sum of the gradient, calculate the pressure gradient at the node _{N i} (S114). Figure 12 (A), the node _{N i} and the node _{N i} 4 one node adjacent to _{N A, N B, N C} , respectively _g A the pressure gradient vector between the _{N D, g B, g C,} and _{g D,} as shown in FIG. 12 (B), the vector of the node _{N i} is pressure gradient vector _{g i of, g a + g B + g} C + g D (g a, g B, g C, g D (Sum). It can be considered the length of the pressure gradient vector g _i and node N _i pressure gradient G _i of.

  If there is a node for which the atmospheric pressure gradient is not calculated (Y in S116), the processing unit (CPU) 30 (weather change information generating unit 34) increases the variable i by 1 until there is no uncalculated node (S118). The process of S114 is repeated.

[Generation process of weather fluctuation information]
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flowchart of a process of generating atmospheric pressure distribution data and atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data at time t (process of S16 in FIG. 9).

  First, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34) complementarily calculates the atmospheric pressure at the position between nodes from the atmospheric pressure and the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node at time t (S210). Specifically, the atmospheric pressure at an arbitrary position can be obtained by linear interpolation calculation from the atmospheric pressure value of each node and the atmospheric pressure gradient between the nodes.

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (the meteorological change information generation unit 34) connects the positions of the same atmospheric pressure with a line from the calculation result of step S210, and generates isobaric data at time t (S212).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (weather change information generation unit 34) color-codes the isobaric data generated in step S212 according to the atmospheric pressure, and generates atmospheric pressure distribution data at time t (S214).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34) expresses the magnitude and direction of the atmospheric pressure gradient of each node with arrows, and generates distribution data of the atmospheric pressure gradient at time t (S216).

  The atmospheric pressure distribution data generated in step S214 and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data generated in step S216 are converted into images and displayed on the monitor. Thereby, the distribution of atmospheric pressure and atmospheric pressure gradient is visualized.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a display image of atmospheric pressure distribution. In the example of FIG. 14, the same pattern portion has the same color. The processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34) may generate atmospheric pressure distribution data such that a portion with a higher atmospheric pressure is red and a portion with a lower atmospheric pressure is blue like a thermographic image. Good. For example, the area A1 is a portion having the highest atmospheric pressure and is displayed in red. The area A2 has a slightly lower atmospheric pressure than the area A1, and is displayed in orange. The area A3 has a slightly lower atmospheric pressure than the area A2, and is displayed in yellow. The area A4 has a slightly lower atmospheric pressure than the area A3, and is displayed in green. The area A5 has a slightly lower atmospheric pressure than the area A4, and is displayed in light blue. A region A6 is a portion having the lowest atmospheric pressure and is displayed in blue.

  In this way, by visualizing the air pressure distribution in the take-off / landing area with different colors, it is possible to visually grasp the temporal change in the air pressure distribution in the take-off / landing area very easily. Therefore, it is possible to easily identify the location (A6 in FIG. 14) where a local (small) cyclone (also referred to as “precipitation cell”) occurs.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a display image of the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution. In the example of FIG. 15, an arrow (representing an atmospheric pressure gradient vector) is displayed at the position of each node, with a thickness corresponding to the magnitude of the atmospheric pressure gradient and a direction from the higher atmospheric pressure toward the lower atmospheric pressure.

  In this way, by visualizing the pressure gradient distribution in the separation / departure area, it is possible to roughly know wind information (wind direction / wind speed) correlated with the pressure gradient.

  Controllers and pilots can use the visualized atmospheric pressure distribution data and atmospheric pressure gradient data to visually grasp temporal changes in atmospheric pressure and wind, and accurately detect and predict the occurrence of downbursts. I can expect that.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the atmospheric pressure distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution may be displayed in an overlapping manner.

[Downburst analysis processing]
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flowchart of the downburst analysis (detection and prediction) process (the process of S18 of FIG. 9).

  First, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines the presence or absence of a local low pressure (precipitation cell) from the atmospheric pressure distribution data and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data up to time t (S310). .

  If the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that there is no local low pressure (N in S312), no downburst has occurred and no downburst has occurred within a predetermined time. It is determined that there is no possibility of occurrence (S316), and the analysis process at time t is ended.

  On the other hand, when the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that there is a local low pressure (Y in S312), the position, strength, and movement of the local low pressure at time t. The direction, moving speed, etc. are calculated (S314).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines whether or not a downburst is occurring according to the first determination criterion from the calculation result of step S314 (S318). For example, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) may use the first determination criterion as to whether or not the strength of the local low pressure is larger than a predetermined threshold.

  When the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that a downburst is occurring (Y in S320), the processing unit (CPU) 30 identifies the occurrence location of the downburst and displays warning information including information on the occurrence location. Generate (S322).

  Next, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines whether or not there is a possibility that a downburst will occur within a predetermined time according to the second determination criterion from the calculation result of step S314. (S324). For example, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) may use the second determination criterion as to whether or not the amount of change in atmospheric pressure over a certain period of time in a local low atmospheric pressure is greater than a predetermined threshold. The sudden drop in atmospheric pressure is thought to be related to the generation of updrafts during the cumulonimbus development. Therefore, for example, by using as a determination criterion that the amount of pressure drop during a certain period of time is larger than a predetermined threshold, it is possible to predict the occurrence of a downburst accompanying the development of cumulonimbus clouds. However, in order to increase the accuracy of prediction, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) performs prediction by taking into consideration data other than atmospheric pressure (temperature and humidity data) based on atmospheric pressure data. May be. Further, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) subdivides the second determination criteria as in the determination criteria 2-1 to 2-3 in the example of FIG. The possibility may be determined step by step.

  If the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that there is no possibility that a downburst will occur within a predetermined time (N in S326), the analysis processing at time t ends.

  On the other hand, if the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that there is a possibility that a downburst will occur within a predetermined time (Y in S326), the predicted occurrence position and occurrence time of downburst. Is generated, warning information including information on the predicted occurrence position and predicted occurrence time is generated (S328), and the analysis process at time t is terminated. Note that the warning information may include information on the degree of possibility (probability) that a downburst will occur.

FIG. 18 is a diagram conceptually showing the relationship between the downburst generation process, the atmospheric pressure distribution, and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution. FIG. 18A is an example of a pressure distribution and a pressure gradient distribution before the occurrence of a local low pressure. For example, the pressures of the nodes N _{1 to} N ₉ are substantially the same, and the pressure gradient is also substantially zero. ing. FIG. 18B is an example of the atmospheric pressure distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution in the cumulus period of FIG. 23A, and the position between the nodes N ₅ and N ₈ is centered by the occurrence of a local cyclone. A low pressure gradient A1 and a small pressure gradient from each node toward the center of the low pressure are observed. Figure 18 (C) is an example of a pressure distribution and pressure gradient distribution of maturity of FIG 23 (B), with the center of the low pressure moves to a position closer to the node N _5, pressure is considerably lower portion A2 A large pressure gradient from each node toward the center of the cyclone is observed. FIG. 18D is an example of the atmospheric pressure distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution in the decay period of FIG. 23C. The low atmospheric pressure disappears, and the atmospheric pressure difference and the atmospheric pressure gradient of the nodes N _{1 to} N ₉ become smaller.

  The processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) determines that a downburst is occurring, for example, in a state where the atmospheric pressure distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution as shown in FIG. 18C are observed. Can do. Further, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) can specify the occurrence position of the downburst from the direction of the atmospheric pressure gradient vector of each node and the low atmospheric pressure part.

  Further, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36), for example, from the state where the atmospheric pressure distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution as shown in FIG. 18A are observed, the atmospheric pressure as shown in FIG. When the distribution and the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution are observed, it can be determined that a downburst occurs within a predetermined time. Further, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (downburst analysis unit 36) calculates the low-pressure movement path from the direction of the atmospheric pressure gradient vector of each node and the temporal change of the low-pressure part, thereby generating the downburst occurrence position. And the occurrence time can be predicted.

  As described above, according to the weather change information providing system of the present embodiment, a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices 2 are distributed and arranged in the takeoff and landing area including the target position of takeoff and landing of the aircraft 6 (flying object). Thus, the atmospheric pressure data measured by each atmospheric pressure measurement device 2 can be acquired to obtain information on the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area. By processing this atmospheric pressure distribution information, it can be used to determine the presence of local weather fluctuations such as downbursts caused by changes in atmospheric pressure in the takeoff and landing areas, and to predict the occurrence of weather fluctuations. Can provide useful useful information.

  Further, according to the weather change information providing system of the present embodiment, the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area is visualized and provided as a time-series image (an image that changes in real time). It is possible to easily grasp the situation of atmospheric pressure to be used, and it can be effectively used for forecasting weather fluctuations.

  Further, since a general barometer is expensive, it is not practical to arrange a large number of barometers. In the present embodiment, the barometric sensor 10 is provided at low cost by using a semiconductor manufacturing technique. Therefore, a large number of atmospheric pressure measuring devices 2 can be dispersedly arranged. Furthermore, by using the atmospheric pressure sensor 10 as a high-resolution frequency change type atmospheric pressure sensor on the order of Pa, it is possible to accurately capture slight atmospheric pressure changes before the occurrence of local weather fluctuations such as downbursts.

4). The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[Modification 1]
Each section of the observation mesh does not have to be rectangular. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices 2 (open circles) are formed so that one hexagonal section is formed by six nodes. Display) may be distributed. In this case, the processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34), as shown in FIG. 20A, the node N _i and the three nodes N _A , N _B , N _C adjacent to the node N _i. The pressure gradient vectors g _A , g _B , and g _C between the two are calculated, and as shown in FIG. 20B, a node is obtained by g _A + g _B + g _C (vector sum of g _A , g _B , and g _C ). it may be calculated the pressure gradient vector g _i of N _i.

[Modification 2]
The arrangement density of the pressure measuring devices 2 in the take-off and landing area may not be constant. For example, the arrangement of the pressure measuring devices 2 (indicated by white circles) according to the distance from the target position (touch-down zone) for take-off and landing The density may be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 21, the disposition / landing target position (touchdown zone) TD may be arranged such that the disposition density of the barometric pressure measuring devices 2 becomes higher as the position is closer to the target position.

  If downburst occurs during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, the analysis accuracy can be improved by making the observation mesh finer at higher risk positions. On the other hand, at a position where the risk is relatively low even if a downburst occurs, the observation mesh can be made somewhat rough to reduce the cost while ensuring the necessary and sufficient analysis accuracy.

[Modification 3]
A three-dimensional observation mesh may be formed by arranging the atmospheric pressure measurement devices 2 in a three-dimensional manner. For example, as shown in FIG. 22, when configuring a system for providing weather fluctuation information when the helicopter 8 takes off and landing at a heliport on the roof of a building, the roof and side surfaces of the building and other nearby buildings, the ground, etc. By disposing the barometric pressure measuring device 2 (indicated by a white circle), an observation mesh can be formed in a three-dimensional region including the target position P for takeoff and landing. In this way, information on changes in atmospheric pressure in the height direction can also be obtained, so that it is possible to improve the accuracy of weather fluctuation analysis. Since the atmospheric pressure decreases by about 1 hPa every time 10 m increases, it is desirable to correct and calculate the atmospheric pressure and the atmospheric pressure gradient according to the installation altitude of the atmospheric pressure measuring device 2 when forming a three-dimensional observation mesh.

[Modification 4]
The processing unit (CPU) 30 (meteorological change information generation unit 34) may generate wind distribution data instead of the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data or together with the atmospheric pressure gradient distribution data. As shown in FIG. 23, the direction and strength of the wind near the ground or the sea can be obtained from the pressure gradient force, friction force, and Coriolis force. The frictional force is applied in the direction opposite to the direction of the wind. The Coriolis force works to the right in the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.

  The pressure gradient force F is calculated by the following equation (12), where G is the pressure gradient, m is the mass of the air mass, and ρ is the density of the air mass.

  If wind distribution data is converted into an image and displayed on a monitor, for example, downbursts and crosswinds near the airport runway can be intuitively easily understood.

  The present invention includes configurations that are substantially the same as the configurations described in the embodiments (for example, configurations that have the same functions, methods, and results, or configurations that have the same objects and effects). In addition, the invention includes a configuration in which a non-essential part of the configuration described in the embodiment is replaced. In addition, the present invention includes a configuration that exhibits the same operational effects as the configuration described in the embodiment or a configuration that can achieve the same object. Further, the invention includes a configuration in which a known technique is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Weather change information provision system, 2 atmospheric pressure measuring device, 4 data processing device, 5 runway, 6 aircraft, 7 control tower, 8 helicopter, 10 atmospheric pressure sensor, 12 transmission part, 20 reception part, 30 processing part (CPU), 32 atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit, 34 meteorological change information generation unit, 36 downburst analysis unit, 38 transmission control unit, 40 operation unit, 50 storage unit, 52 determination table, 60 recording medium, 70 display unit, 80 transmission unit, 100 pressure Sensor element, 110 Oscillator circuit, 120 counter, 130 TCXO, 140 MPU, 150 Temperature sensor, 160 EEPROM, 170 Communication interface (I / F), 210 Diaphragm, 212 Protrusion, 214 Pressure receiving surface, 220 Vibrating piece, 222 Vibrating beam ( Beam), 224 base, 226 support beam, 2 8 frame unit, 230 base, 232 cavity

Claims (12)

A weather fluctuation information providing system for providing information on local weather fluctuation caused by a change in atmospheric pressure at a facility where a flying object takes off and landing,
A plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices distributed in a take-off and landing area including a target position for take-off and landing of a flying object;
A data processing device that processes atmospheric pressure data measured by each of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measuring devices,
The data processing device includes:
An atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit for acquiring the atmospheric pressure data from each of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measurement devices;
Based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data acquisition unit, including a weather fluctuation information generation unit that generates information on the weather fluctuation in real time,
The weather fluctuation information generation unit
A weather change information providing system that generates time-series image information representing an atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least a part of information related to the weather change. In claim 1,
The weather fluctuation information generation unit
A weather fluctuation information providing system that generates time-series image information representing the atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area by color-coding according to atmospheric pressure as time-series image information representing the atmospheric pressure distribution. In claim 1 or 2,
The weather fluctuation information generation unit
Weather fluctuation information provision for calculating pressure gradients at a plurality of positions in the take-off and landing area based on the pressure data and generating information on changes in pressure gradient in the take-off and landing area as at least part of the information on the weather fluctuation system. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The data processing device includes:
A downburst analysis unit that detects and predicts the occurrence of a downburst in the take-off and landing area based on the information on the weather change, and generates alarm information when the occurrence or prediction of the downburst is detected or predicted , Weather change information provision system. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The data processing device includes:
A weather change information providing system further including a transmission control unit that performs control to transmit the information related to the weather change or the alarm information. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices are arranged so as to have different densities according to the distance from the take-off and landing target position. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6.
A weather change information providing system, wherein at least some of the plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices are arranged at different altitudes. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
Each of the plurality of atmospheric pressure measuring devices is
A weather fluctuation information providing system including a pressure sensor that has a pressure-sensitive element that changes a resonance frequency according to atmospheric pressure, and outputs atmospheric pressure data according to the vibration frequency of the pressure-sensitive element. In claim 8,
The pressure-sensitive element is a double tuning fork piezoelectric vibrator, a weather fluctuation information providing system. A weather change information providing method for providing information on local weather changes caused by changes in atmospheric pressure at a facility where a flying object takes off and landing,
An atmospheric pressure data acquisition step for acquiring atmospheric pressure data from each of a plurality of atmospheric pressure measurement devices distributed in a takeoff and landing area including a target position for takeoff and landing of a flying object;
Based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired in the atmospheric pressure data acquisition step, and generating meteorological variation information generation step in real time information on the weather variation,
In the weather fluctuation information generation step,
A weather change information providing method for generating time-series image information representing an atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least a part of information on the weather change. A weather change information providing program that provides weather change information related to local weather changes caused by changes in atmospheric pressure at facilities where flying objects take off and land,
A barometric pressure data acquisition unit for acquiring barometric pressure data from each of a plurality of barometric pressure measuring devices distributed in a takeoff and landing area including a target position for takeoff and landing of a flying object;
Based on the atmospheric pressure data acquired by the atmospheric pressure data unit, the computer functions as a weather variation information generation unit that generates information on the weather variation in real time,
The weather fluctuation information generation unit
A weather change information providing program for generating time-series image information representing an atmospheric pressure distribution in the take-off and landing area as at least a part of information related to the weather change.   The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the weather change information provision program of Claim 11.