JP2013009019A - Data communication system - Google Patents

Data communication system Download PDF

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JP2013009019A
JP2013009019A JP2009233385A JP2009233385A JP2013009019A JP 2013009019 A JP2013009019 A JP 2013009019A JP 2009233385 A JP2009233385 A JP 2009233385A JP 2009233385 A JP2009233385 A JP 2009233385A JP 2013009019 A JP2013009019 A JP 2013009019A
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communication
communication device
electric field
mobile communication
individual
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atsushi Ejiri
篤司 江尻
Shinichi Hatakeyama
信一 畠山
Naoyuki Takahashi
直之 高橋
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Ad Sol Nissin Corp
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Ad Sol Nissin Corp
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Priority to JP2009233385A priority Critical patent/JP2013009019A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/067144 priority patent/WO2011043245A1/en
Publication of JP2013009019A publication Critical patent/JP2013009019A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • H04B13/005—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00365—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit
    • G07C2009/00373—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit whereby the wake-up circuit is situated in the lock
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00388—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method
    • G07C2009/00396—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method starting with prompting the keyless data carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G07C2209/65—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle using means for sensing the user's hand

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent unintended communication enabling stable communication in a data communication system, and particularly in a communication system in which an individual is to be authenticated, to avoid wasteful battery consumption of a mobile communication device by enabling authentication only when authentication reception is necessary, and to enable stable communication wherever the retention place of a mobile communication device may be.SOLUTION: A mobile communication device 2 includes an electric-field communication reception circuit 12 and a radio control circuit 8. A key lock/unlock device and an equipment-side communication device 4 include input/output unit 5 of the equipment-side communication device, electric-field communication transmission circuit 14 and radio control circuit 9. When the individual holding 2 touches 5 of 4, a request signal transmitted from 14 is received in 2, and triggered thereby, an ID code signal to be recorded in a microcomputer 13 is transmitted from 8.

Description

本発明は、特に個人認証に有効ないわゆる電界通信と無線通信を組み合わせたデータ通信システム及びその技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a data communication system that combines so-called electric field communication and wireless communication, which are particularly effective for personal authentication, and a technique thereof.

従来、例えば個人やペットなどの生体、又は移動機能を持った装置や物体など（以下、これらを個体と総称）を認証して建物用ドアや車両用ドアの如きドア錠を施解錠する際、ドア周辺に配設される施解錠装置の機器側通信装置からドアの周辺に無線通信でリクエスト信号を送信し、該ドア通過個体が保持する携帯通信装置がリクエスト信号を受信すると自動的に無線通信でＩＤコード信号を送信する。このＩＤコード信号を受信した施解錠装置の機器側通信装置がドア錠を解錠し、ＩＤコード信号を受信できなかった場合は、ドア錠を施錠のままとする技術が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
また、携帯通信装置側から無線通信でＩＤコード信号を送信し、前記施解錠装置と連動する機器側通信装置がＩＤコード信号を検知するとドア錠が施解錠される電波式キーシステムにおいて、携帯通信装置の電池寿命を延ばす等のため、携帯通信装置に振動を検出する振動検出回路を設け、携帯通信装置を保持する個体が振動を与えることにより、はじめてＩＤコード信号を発信させることで、携帯通信装置の電池寿命を延ばすと同時に、ドア錠を開ける必要がないにも拘らずドア錠が開くことを防止する技術も知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
一方、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置にそれぞれ電極を設け、それぞれの電極間に介在する物質を媒体として通信を行う、いわゆる電界通信と称される技術の存在も知られている。ここで、通信媒体として人体を使用する場合、この通信技術を電界方式人体通信技術(以下、人体通信)と呼ぶ場合もある。また、その際、人体に装着する携帯通信装置の電極の位置に応じて通信方向等が制約されるのを緩和し、通信の自由度を高めるため、送信すべき情報に応じて変調した準静電界を発生することにより、識別対象（一般的に帯電性を持つ個体）を帯電させる携帯通信装置と、識別対象の帯電状態の変化を検出し、当該変化に基づいて携帯通信装置からの情報を復調する機器側通信装置によって通信システムを構成するような技術も知られている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
さらに、送信器を、一対の電極と、低周波信号を発生する信号発生器から構成し、受信器を、一対の電極と、低周波信号を再生する信号検出器から構成することにより、送信器から情報やデータを含む低周波信号をユーザに送り、受信器によって低周波信号に関連する電流をユーザから受け取り、該信号を再生してデータを回復するような技術も知られている（例えば、特許文献４参照）。 Conventionally, for example, when authenticating a living body such as an individual or a pet, or a device or object having a moving function (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as an individual) and unlocking and unlocking a door lock such as a building door or a vehicle door, When a request signal is transmitted by wireless communication from the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device arranged around the door to the periphery of the door, and the portable communication device held by the individual passing through the door receives the request signal, the wireless communication is automatically performed. To transmit an ID code signal. When the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device that has received this ID code signal unlocks the door lock and fails to receive the ID code signal, a technique is known in which the door lock remains locked (for example, , See Patent Document 1).
In a radio wave key system in which an ID code signal is transmitted by wireless communication from the mobile communication device side, and the door side lock is unlocked when the device side communication device linked with the locking / unlocking device detects the ID code signal. In order to extend the battery life of the device, the mobile communication device is provided with a vibration detection circuit that detects vibration, and the individual holding the mobile communication device gives vibration, and the ID code signal is transmitted for the first time, thereby enabling mobile communication. There is also known a technique for extending the battery life of the apparatus and preventing the door lock from being opened although it is not necessary to open the door lock (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
On the other hand, there is also known a technique referred to as so-called electric field communication in which electrodes are provided in a mobile communication device and a device-side communication device, and communication is performed using a substance interposed between the electrodes as a medium. Here, when a human body is used as a communication medium, this communication technique may be referred to as an electric field type human body communication technique (hereinafter, human body communication). At that time, in order to alleviate the restriction of the communication direction and the like according to the position of the electrode of the mobile communication device worn on the human body and increase the degree of freedom of communication, the quasi-static modulated according to the information to be transmitted. A mobile communication device that charges an identification target (generally a chargeable individual) by generating an electric field and a change in the charging state of the identification target are detected, and information from the mobile communication device is obtained based on the change. A technique is also known in which a communication system is configured by a device-side communication device that demodulates (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Furthermore, the transmitter is composed of a pair of electrodes and a signal generator that generates a low-frequency signal, and the receiver is composed of a pair of electrodes and a signal detector that reproduces the low-frequency signal. A technique is also known in which a low-frequency signal including information and data is sent from a user to the user, a current related to the low-frequency signal is received from the user by a receiver, and the signal is reproduced to recover the data (for example, (See Patent Document 4).

特開２００１−２４１２２７号公報JP 2001-241227 A 特開２００２−２１３８６号公報JP 2002-21386 A 特開２００４−２８２７３３号公報JP 2004-282733 A 特表平１１−５０９３８０号公報Japanese National Patent Publication No. 11-509380

ところが、上記特許文献１に示されたように、個体を認証するため、ドア周辺に配設される施解錠装置の機器側通信装置からドアの周辺に無線通信でリクエスト信号を送信し、これを受信した携帯通信装置からＩＤコード信号が無線通信で自動的に送信される技術では、携帯通信装置を保持する個体が施解錠装置の近くに存在するだけで、解錠の必要の如何に拘らず無線通信が行われて解錠されるとともに、無線通信回数が多くなり、携帯通信装置の電池寿命が短くなるという問題がある。   However, as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, in order to authenticate the individual, a request signal is transmitted by wireless communication from the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device disposed around the door to the periphery of the door. In the technology in which the ID code signal is automatically transmitted from the received portable communication device by wireless communication, the individual holding the portable communication device is present near the locking / unlocking device, regardless of whether the unlocking is necessary. There are problems that wireless communication is performed and unlocked, the number of times of wireless communication is increased, and the battery life of the mobile communication device is shortened.

また、特許文献２に示されたように、無線通信用の携帯通信装置に振動を検出する振動検出回路を設け、携帯通信装置を持つ個体が振動を与えることにより、はじめてＩＤコード信号を発信させることができる技術の場合、解錠時に携帯通信装置を振動させなければならず、例えば歩行時等以外の振動を伴わない動作を行っているときには、特別な動作が必要になるという煩わしさがあった。
一方、特許文献３や特許文献４に示されたような技術を用いれば、施解錠装置の機器側通信装置の入出力部（電界通信用電極）に触れることを通信トリガーと出来るため、特別な動作を必要とせずに意図しない解錠の頻度を減らすことが可能であるが、無線通信と較べて電界通信のアンテナは効率が悪いことが知られているので、同じ電池電圧を用いる場合、電界通信を手段とする携帯通信装置のほうが出力は弱いので、該携帯通信装置の信号が施解錠装置の機器側通信装置まで届かない場合がある。
また、電界通信は携帯通信装置と個体の接触度合や、施解錠装置の機器側通信装置の入出力部と個体の接触度合の変化により影響を受けやすいので、携帯通信装置をカバンの中に所持している場合や、施解錠装置の機器側通信装置の入出力部に触れている時間が短い場合には、通信が行いにくくなることが知られている。
これらの問題に起因する通信性能の不安定性を解決するためには、携帯通信装置の出力を強くすることとなるが、これによって電池容量を増やす必要が生じるので、電池サイズが大きくなってしまう。これは、結果的に携帯通信装置のサイズを大きくするので、人による携帯通信装置の所持、あるいは小型の装置への装着には、利用が難しい。
また、この種の通信は、携帯通信装置近傍の電界の変化を通信に利用しているため、無線通信よりもその頻度は少ないが、施解錠装置の近傍に携帯通信装置が存在する場合、意図しない解錠が行われることがある。 Moreover, as shown in Patent Document 2, a vibration detection circuit for detecting vibration is provided in a portable communication device for wireless communication, and an individual having the portable communication device gives vibration for the first time when an individual is given vibration. In the case of technologies that can be used, it is necessary to vibrate the mobile communication device when unlocking. For example, when performing an operation that does not involve vibrations other than during walking, a special operation is required. It was.
On the other hand, if a technique such as that shown in Patent Document 3 or Patent Document 4 is used, a communication trigger can be made by touching the input / output unit (electric field communication electrode) of the device-side communication device of the locking / unlocking device. Although it is possible to reduce the frequency of unintentional unlocking without requiring operation, it is known that antennas for electric field communication are inefficient compared to wireless communication, so when using the same battery voltage, Since the output of the portable communication device using communication is weaker, the signal of the portable communication device may not reach the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device.
In addition, electric field communication is easily affected by changes in the degree of contact between the portable communication device and the individual, and the degree of contact between the input / output unit of the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device and the individual. It is known that communication is difficult to be performed when the input / output unit of the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device is short.
In order to solve the instability of the communication performance due to these problems, the output of the mobile communication device is strengthened, but this requires an increase in battery capacity, which increases the battery size. As a result, the size of the portable communication device is increased, so that it is difficult to use the portable communication device for human possession or mounting on a small device.
In addition, since this type of communication uses a change in the electric field in the vicinity of the mobile communication device for communication, the frequency is lower than that of wireless communication, but if the mobile communication device exists in the vicinity of the locking and unlocking device, May be unlocked.

そこで本発明は、前述の如き、個体の移動に伴うドアの施解錠に関わるデータ通信システムにおいて、特別な動作を必要とせずに意図しない通信が行われることを防止するとともに、安定した通信が行われるようにし、特に、個体を認証するデータ通信システムにあっては、認証を受ける必要があるときだけに認証が行われるようにすることで携帯通信装置の電池が無駄に消費されず、また、携帯通信装置の保持方法を制限しない装置の大きさと、安定した通信性能を両立することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention prevents the unintended communication without performing a special operation and performs stable communication in the data communication system related to the locking and unlocking of the door accompanying the movement of the individual as described above. In particular, in a data communication system that authenticates an individual, by performing authentication only when it is necessary to receive authentication, the battery of the mobile communication device is not wasted, and It is an object of the present invention to achieve both a size of a device that does not limit a holding method of a portable communication device and stable communication performance.

上記目的を達成するため本発明は、電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも受信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた携帯通信装置と、電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも送信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた機器側通信装置により構成し、電界通信を用いて機器側通信装置から携帯通信装置に向けて送信された信号を携帯通信装置が受信することを通信トリガーとし、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との間で、近距離通信で無線通信する構成とした。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a portable communication device having at least a reception function among radio field transmission / reception functions and a short-range communication function for radio communication, at least a transmission function among radio field transmission / reception functions, and a radio Composed of a device-side communication device having a short-range communication function of communication, the communication trigger that the mobile communication device receives a signal transmitted from the device-side communication device to the mobile communication device using electric field communication, The mobile communication device and the device-side communication device are configured to perform wireless communication by short-range communication.

このように、電界通信を通信トリガーとすることにより、無線通信のみを用いて通信を行った場合と較べて、意図しない通信が行われる頻度を減らすことができ、また、これを契機として携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との間の通信を無線通信で行うようにすれば、電界通信と較べてアンテナの効率が良いため、通信装置の消費電力を増加させることなく送信出力が強くなり、また、人や移動機能を持った装置などの個体の姿勢変化の影響が少ないので、電界通信のみを用いて通信を行った場合よりも安定した通信が可能となる。
なお、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置の電界通信機能としては、一般に量産されているモジュールを使用することでコスト削減が可能となる為、双方とも送受信機能を有するものとしてもよい。 In this way, by using electric field communication as a communication trigger, the frequency of unintended communication can be reduced compared to the case where communication is performed using only wireless communication, and mobile communication is triggered by this. If communication between the device and the device side communication device is performed by wireless communication, the antenna output is more efficient than electric field communication, so the transmission output becomes stronger without increasing the power consumption of the communication device, and Since the influence of the posture change of an individual such as a person or a device having a movement function is small, more stable communication is possible than when communication is performed using only electric field communication.
Note that the electric field communication function of the portable communication device and the device-side communication device can be reduced in cost by using a module that is generally mass-produced, and both of them may have a transmission / reception function.

また、本発明では、前記携帯通信装置を、特定のＩＤコードが記録され且つ個人が携帯する又は装置が着装するなどの個体側携帯通信装置とし、前記機器側通信装置を、施設側に設置され且つ前記ＩＤコードを認証する機器側通信装置とした。
このように構成することで、電界通信を用いて機器側通信装置から携帯通信装置に向けて送信された信号を携帯通信装置が受信することを通信トリガーとすることが可能となるため、個体が保持する携帯通信装置が意図しない認証を行ってしまう不具合の発生頻度を無線通信のみを用いる場合と較べて減らすことができ、また、ＩＤコード信号の送信や受信等の通信を無線通信で行うことにより、電界通信のみを用いる場合と較べて、携帯通信装置の保持方法や、被認証対象が機器側通信装置の入出力部に触れている時間等の制限が少なくなり、スムーズにデータ通信が行われるようになる。
また、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との通信回数を減らせることができるため、携帯通信装置の電池寿命が延長されるばかりでなく、電池容量の削減が可能になり、携帯通信装置の性能を落とさずに小型化等が可能となる。 In the present invention, the portable communication device is an individual portable communication device in which a specific ID code is recorded and carried by an individual or worn by the device, and the device side communication device is installed on a facility side. And it was set as the apparatus side communication apparatus which authenticates the said ID code.
By configuring in this way, it becomes possible to use a communication trigger that the mobile communication device receives a signal transmitted from the device-side communication device to the mobile communication device using electric field communication. It is possible to reduce the occurrence frequency of problems that cause unintended authentication by the mobile communication device that is held compared to the case where only wireless communication is used, and to perform communication such as transmission and reception of ID code signals by wireless communication. Compared to the case where only electric field communication is used, there are less restrictions on the method of holding the portable communication device and the time during which the authentication target touches the input / output unit of the device-side communication device. Will come to be.
In addition, since the number of communications between the portable communication device and the device-side communication device can be reduced, not only the battery life of the portable communication device is extended, but also the battery capacity can be reduced, and the performance of the portable communication device can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the size without dropping.

また本発明では、前記携帯通信装置には、特定の姿勢にあるときは通信を行わせないための傾斜センサとして、加速度センサを設けるようにした。
この際、通信を行わせない特定の姿勢として、例えば、携帯通信装置の形状を携帯に便利なカード型とした場合、このカード型の携帯通信装置の面積の大きな面（以下、主面と表記）が地面に対して水平姿勢になったときなどに設定すれば、携帯通信装置を、例えば人が所持している状態と棚等に置いて保管している状態等を明確に区別することができ、保管中の携帯通信装置が意図しない通信を行うことを防ぐことができる。
このように、携帯通信装置が特定の姿勢にあるときは、通信を行わせないようにすることで、更に携帯通信装置の電池寿命を延ばしたり、携帯通信装置を小型化したりすることができるが、例えば、通信時に携帯通信装置に振動を与えないと通信できないような方法に較べて通信時に余分な動作を伴わないので、使用者への負担を少なくすることができる。 In the present invention, the mobile communication device is provided with an acceleration sensor as a tilt sensor for preventing communication when the mobile communication device is in a specific posture.
At this time, as a specific posture in which communication is not performed, for example, when the shape of the mobile communication device is a card type convenient for carrying, the surface of the card type mobile communication device having a large area (hereinafter referred to as a main surface). For example, when the mobile communication device is held by a person on a shelf or the like, it can be clearly distinguished. It is possible to prevent the mobile communication device being stored from performing unintended communication.
As described above, when the mobile communication device is in a specific posture, it is possible to further extend the battery life of the mobile communication device or reduce the size of the mobile communication device by preventing communication. For example, compared with a method in which communication is not possible unless vibration is applied to the mobile communication device during communication, no extra operation is involved during communication, so the burden on the user can be reduced.

個体を認証するためのデータ通信システムとして、電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも受信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた携帯通信装置と、電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも送信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた機器側通信装置により構成し、電界通信を経由して機器側通信装置から携帯通信装置に向けて送信された信号を携帯通信装置が受信することを通信トリガーとし、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との間で、近距離通信で無線通信するようにすることで、無線通信のみを用いた場合よりも意図しない通信が行われる回数を減らすことができ、また、通信の復路に無線通信を用いることで、電界通信に較べてより安定した通信を可能とすることができた。これは本発明の大きな特長である。   As a data communication system for authenticating an individual, at least a reception function among transmission / reception functions of electric field communication, and a portable communication device provided with a short-range communication function of wireless communication, and at least a transmission function among transmission / reception functions of electric field communication, and A communication trigger that consists of a device-side communication device with a short-range communication function for wireless communication, and that the portable communication device receives a signal transmitted from the device-side communication device to the portable communication device via electric field communication And, by performing wireless communication by short-range communication between the mobile communication device and the device-side communication device, the number of times that unintended communication is performed can be reduced as compared with the case where only wireless communication is used, In addition, by using wireless communication for the return path of communication, it was possible to perform more stable communication than electric field communication. This is a great feature of the present invention.

また、携帯通信装置を、特定のＩＤコードが記録され且つ個体が保持する携帯通信装置とし、機器側通信装置を、施設側に設置され且つ前記ＩＤコードを認証する機器側通信装置とすることで、電界通信を通信トリガーとするデータ通信が行われるため、携帯通信装置を保持した個体が認証を受けることを意図しない場合に認証が行われる不具合を防止でき、また、ＩＤコード信号の送信や受信等の通信が無線通信で行われるため、携帯通信装置の保持場所等の制約を受けないでスムーズに行われるようになる。
また、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との必要としない通信を減らすことができるため、携帯通信装置の電池寿命が延長されるばかりでなく、電池容量の削減が可能になるため、携帯通信装置の性能を落とさずに小型化等が可能となる
この際、携帯通信装置の主面が特定の姿勢にあるときは通信を行わせないための傾斜センサを設けることにより、保管中の携帯通信装置が意図しない通信を行うことを防ぎ、更に携帯通信装置の電池寿命を延ばしたり、携帯通信装置を小型化したりすることができ、また通信時に余分な動作を伴わないため便利である。 Further, the portable communication device is a portable communication device in which a specific ID code is recorded and held by the individual, and the device-side communication device is a device-side communication device that is installed on the facility side and authenticates the ID code. Since data communication using electric field communication as a communication trigger is performed, it is possible to prevent a problem that authentication is performed when an individual holding a mobile communication device is not intended to be authenticated, and transmission and reception of an ID code signal Since communication such as the above is performed by wireless communication, the communication is smoothly performed without being restricted by the holding place of the mobile communication device.
In addition, since unnecessary communication between the mobile communication device and the device-side communication device can be reduced, not only the battery life of the mobile communication device is extended, but also the battery capacity can be reduced. In this case, a portable communication device in storage can be stored by providing an inclination sensor that prevents communication when the main surface of the portable communication device is in a specific posture. Therefore, it is possible to prevent unintended communication, extend the battery life of the portable communication device, reduce the size of the portable communication device, and do not involve extra operations during communication.

本発明に係るデータ通信システムをドア施解錠システムに適用した一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example which applied the data communication system which concerns on this invention to the door locking / unlocking system. 加速度センサを傾斜センサとして用いる場合の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing in the case of using an acceleration sensor as an inclination sensor.

本発明に係るデータ通信システムは、例えば、認証を受けた人だけがドアを開いて入ることのできるようなドア施解錠システムとして構成されている。このドア施解錠システムは、携帯通信装置を保持する個体が機器側通信装置の入出力部に触れるなどの行為を契機とし認証処理が行われ、施解錠装置を用いて施解錠が行われる。このようにして、携帯通信装置を保持する個体が施解錠を必要とするときだけに所望の動作が行われるため、携帯通信装置の電池が無駄に消費されず、更に、携帯通信装置の保持場所がどこであっても安定した通信が行われて施解錠できるように構成を実現した。
そして、このドア施解錠システムは、電界通信と無線通信とを組み合わせ、電界通信を用いたリクエスト信号の受信をトリガーとし、これを契機として携帯通信装置と施解錠装置の機器側通信装置との間でデータ通信を無線で行うことを特徴としている。 The data communication system according to the present invention is configured as, for example, a door locking / unlocking system in which only a person who has been authenticated can open and enter a door. In this door locking / unlocking system, authentication processing is performed when an individual holding the mobile communication device touches the input / output unit of the device-side communication device, and locking / unlocking is performed using the locking / unlocking device. In this way, since the desired operation is performed only when the individual holding the mobile communication device needs to be unlocked and unlocked, the battery of the mobile communication device is not wasted, and the place where the mobile communication device is held The system has been realized so that it can be locked and unlocked with stable communication regardless of where it is.
And this door locking / unlocking system combines electric field communication and wireless communication, triggered by reception of a request signal using electric field communication, and as a trigger between the portable communication device and the device side communication device of the locking / unlocking device The data communication is performed wirelessly.

すなわち、図１に示すように、このドア施解錠システムは、個体１が保持する携帯通信装置２と、ドア３やドア３周辺に配設される施解錠装置および機器側通信装置４を備えており、２は、例えば、持ち運びが便利なようにカード式の形状に構成することができ、ポケットやカバンなどに容易に収納できるように構成されている。そして、この２を保持する１が、３または３近辺に配設される４の機器側通信装置の入出力部５に触れると、電界通信によって４からリクエスト信号が送信され、これを２の電界通信用電極６を経由して受信すると、以下に述べる２の無線アンテナ７を経由して無線制御回路８からＩＤコードが送信され、それを４の無線制御回路９で受信し、マイコン１０で認証が行われた後、４の施解錠制御回路１１で３のキーを制御する構成とすることで、従来技術の抱える問題を克服することができた。   That is, as shown in FIG. 1, this door locking / unlocking system includes a mobile communication device 2 held by the individual 1, a door 3, a locking / unlocking device disposed around the door 3, and a device-side communication device 4. For example, the card 2 can be configured in a card shape so that it can be easily carried, and can be easily stored in a pocket or a bag. When 1 holding this 2 touches the input / output unit 5 of 4 device side communication devices arranged in the vicinity of 3 or 3, a request signal is transmitted from 4 by electric field communication. When receiving via the communication electrode 6, the ID code is transmitted from the radio control circuit 8 via the second radio antenna 7 described below, received by the radio control circuit 9, and authenticated by the microcomputer 10. By performing the configuration in which the 3 keys are controlled by the 4 locking / unlocking control circuits 11, the problems of the prior art can be overcome.

２は、電界通信の際にアンテナの機能を果たす６と、電界通信用受信回路１２と、ＣＰＵやＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭから構成されるマイコン１３と、８と７を備えており、１３には、予め設定された特定のＩＤコードが記録されており、リクエスト信号が入力されると８を通じて７からＩＤコードを出力するようなプログラムが組み込まれている。   2 includes an antenna 6 functioning as an antenna during electric field communication, an electric field communication receiving circuit 12, a microcomputer 13 composed of a CPU, ROM, and RAM, and 8 and 7. A set specific ID code is recorded, and a program that outputs an ID code from 7 through 8 when a request signal is input is incorporated.

そして、６は、所定間隔で対向配置される一対の導電板から構成され、コンデンサの作用によりお互いに静電容量結合するとともに、一方側の導電板が個体側に近いので個体と静電容量結合し、他方側の導電板が個体から遠い位置で大地アースなどと静電容量結合するように保持され、その結果、個体と大地とが電気的に結合するように構成している。   6 is composed of a pair of conductive plates arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval, and is capacitively coupled to each other by the action of the capacitor. Also, since the conductive plate on one side is close to the solid side, it is capacitively coupled to the solid. The conductive plate on the other side is held so as to be capacitively coupled to the earth ground at a position far from the individual, and as a result, the individual and the ground are electrically coupled.

前記４は、５と、この５に接続される電界通信用送信回路１４と、ＣＰＵやＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭから構成される１０と、無線アンテナ１５と、９と、ドアキーの施解錠を制御する１１を備えており、５は、前記２の６とほぼ同じ構成とし、一対の導電板が所定間隔で対向配置されるとともに、この５に個体が触れると、前記１４を通して送られる高周波信号のリクエスト信号を、個体を媒質とするコンデンサの作用により前記２に向けて送ることができるように構成した。
この際、リクエスト信号は１４を通して常時流すようにしてもよく、一定時間置きに間欠的に流すようにしてもよい。 4 includes 5, a transmission circuit for electric field communication 14 connected to 5, 10 constituted by a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM, a wireless antenna 15 and 9, and 11 for controlling the locking and unlocking of the door key. 5 has substantially the same configuration as 6 in 2 above, and a pair of conductive plates are arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval. When an individual touches 5, a request signal of a high-frequency signal sent through the 14 is received. In this case, it can be sent to the above-mentioned 2 by the action of a capacitor using an individual as a medium.
At this time, the request signal may be constantly flowed through 14, or may be intermittently flown at regular intervals.

また、１０は、予め登録されるＩＤコードと９で受信したＩＤコードを照合し、処理結果を１１に送ってドアキーの施解錠を制御する構成とした。   Reference numeral 10 is configured to collate the ID code registered in advance with the ID code received in 9 and send the processing result to 11 to control the locking and unlocking of the door key.

ところで、電界通信を通信トリガーとすることにより、２が意図しない通信を行う回数を減らしているが、２を１が保持しているか否かを判別し、保持していない場合は通信を行わせないようにすることにより、更に無駄な通信回数を減らすことができる。
そこで、本発明では、図２に示すように、加速度センサ（図示せず）により、２を地面に対して水平に近い姿勢にしたときは電界通信、無線通信ともにできないように制御する。これは本発明の特長の一つである。 By the way, by using electric field communication as a communication trigger, the number of times 2 performs unintended communication is reduced, but it is determined whether 1 is held by 2 and if not, communication is performed. By avoiding this, it is possible to further reduce the number of wasted communications.
Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, an acceleration sensor (not shown) is controlled so that both electric field communication and wireless communication cannot be performed when 2 is placed in a posture that is almost horizontal with respect to the ground. This is one of the features of the present invention.

この加速度センサは、例えば半導体部材を用いて構成することができ、２に装備される不図示のチップのＸＹ平面の向き（２のＺ軸方向）にかかる重力加速度を検知して姿勢を知るものである。ここで２のＺ軸とは、２の中心から互いに垂直となる３軸(Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸)を定義し、２の主面を地面に対して水平に置いた場合、そのＺ軸は地面の垂直方向(即ち、重力加速度方向と平行で値が負となる方向)と定義する。図２（ａ）に示すように、２の主面が地面に対して水平姿勢のときは、Ｚ軸方向の重力加速度は９．８ｍ／ｓ２であるが、図２（ｂ）に示すように、２の主面が地面に対して縦向きになると、Ｚ軸方向の重力加速度は０ｍ／ｓ２になる。 This acceleration sensor can be configured using, for example, a semiconductor member, and detects the gravitational acceleration in the direction of the XY plane (the Z-axis direction of 2) of a chip (not shown) provided in 2 to know the posture. It is. Here, the Z axis of 2 defines three axes (X, Y, Z axes) perpendicular to each other from the center of 2 and when the two main surfaces are placed horizontally with respect to the ground, the Z axis is It is defined as the vertical direction of the ground (that is, the direction parallel to the gravitational acceleration direction and having a negative value). As shown in FIG. 2A, when the main surface of 2 is in a horizontal posture with respect to the ground, the gravitational acceleration in the Z-axis direction is 9.8 m / s 2 , but as shown in FIG. In addition, when the main surface of 2 is oriented vertically to the ground, the gravitational acceleration in the Z-axis direction becomes 0 m / s 2 .

また、一般的に、図２（ｃ）に示すように、２の主面が地面に対して角度θで傾斜している場合、Ｚ軸方向の重力加速度は９．８×ｃｏｓθｍ／ｓ２になるため、θが所定角度以下の場合は、通信が行われないよう制御することができる。
そこで本実施例では、この角度θを±２０度程度に設定している。 Generally, as shown in FIG. 2C, when the two principal surfaces are inclined with respect to the ground at an angle θ, the gravitational acceleration in the Z-axis direction is 9.8 × cos θm / s 2 . Therefore, when θ is equal to or smaller than a predetermined angle, control can be performed so that communication is not performed.
Therefore, in this embodiment, this angle θ is set to about ± 20 degrees.

以上のようなドア施解錠システムの作用等について説明する。
２を保持する１が、４の５に触ると、リクエスト信号が個体を媒質として２に送られ、２の６を通して１２に送られる。 The operation of the door locking / unlocking system as described above will be described.
When 1 holding 2 touches 5 of 4, a request signal is sent to 2 using an individual as a medium, and sent to 12 through 6 of 2.

すると、このリクエスト信号は２の１３に送られ、記録されたＩＤコードが８を通して７からＩＤコード信号として出力される。このとき、２に実装される傾斜センサを用いて、２が特定姿勢の場合にのみＩＤコード信号を出力する設定とすることが効果的である。   Then, this request signal is sent to 13 of 2, and the recorded ID code is output from 7 through 8 as an ID code signal. At this time, it is effective to use an inclination sensor mounted on 2 and set to output an ID code signal only when 2 is in a specific posture.

このＩＤコード信号が４の１５で受信されると、９を通して１０に送られ、予め記録されるＩＤコードと照合されて認証処理が行われる。そして、認証がＯＫであれば、１１を通じて施解錠のための信号が出力され、３の施解錠が自動的に行われる。   When this ID code signal is received at 15 of 4, it is sent to 10 through 9 and verified against an ID code recorded in advance. If the authentication is OK, a signal for locking / unlocking is output through 11, and the locking / unlocking of 3 is automatically performed.

以上の如き要領により、２を保持する個体が３の近くに近づいただけで３を開ける必要がないにも拘らず３が解錠される不具合を防止することができ、また、２の通信回数も減るため２の電池寿命を延ばすことができる。   By the above procedure, it is possible to prevent the problem that 3 is unlocked even though the individual holding 2 is close to 3 and it is not necessary to open 3 and the number of times of communication of 2 Therefore, the battery life of 2 can be extended.

また、３を開くためには、２の保持姿勢をその主面が地面に対して水平とならないようにしておくだけでよく、解錠時に２を振動させる等の格別な操作が不要のため便利である。   In order to open 3, it is only necessary to keep the holding posture of 2 so that its main surface does not become horizontal with respect to the ground, and there is no need for special operations such as vibrating 2 when unlocking, which is convenient. It is.

なお、本発明は以上のような実施形態に限定されるものではない。本発明の特許請求の範囲に記載した事項と実質的に同一の構成を有し、同一の作用効果を奏するものは本発明の技術的範囲に属する。
例えば、以上の実施例では、本データ通信システムをドア施解錠システムに適用した例を示しているが、その他、任意のデータ通信システムとして、特に認証システムとして好ましく適用することができる。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. What has substantially the same configuration as the matters described in the claims of the present invention and exhibits the same operational effects belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, an example in which the present data communication system is applied to a door locking / unlocking system is shown. However, it can be preferably applied as an arbitrary data communication system, particularly as an authentication system.

データ通信システムとして、電界通信を通信トリガーとし、それ以降のデータ通信を近距離無線通信により行うようにしたため、特に、個体の認証を受けるシステムに適用すれば、認証の必要がないにも拘らず認証されるような不具合を防止でき、装置の電池の寿命を延ばすことができ、また、安定したデータ通信を行うことができる。   As a data communication system, electric field communication is used as a communication trigger, and subsequent data communication is performed by short-range wireless communication. Even if it is applied to a system that receives individual authentication, it is not necessary to perform authentication. Problems such as authentication can be prevented, the battery life of the apparatus can be extended, and stable data communication can be performed.

１…個体、２…携帯通信装置、３…ドア、４…施解錠装置および機器側通信装置、５…機器側通信装置の入出力部、６…電界通信用電極、７…無線アンテナ、８…無線制御回路、９…無線制御回路、１０…マイコン、１１…施解錠制御回路、１２…電界通信用受信回路、１３…マイコン、１４…電界通信用送信回路、１５…無線アンテナ。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Individual | organism | solid, 2 ... Portable communication apparatus, 3 ... Door, 4 ... Locking / unlocking apparatus and apparatus side communication apparatus, 5 ... Input / output part of apparatus side communication apparatus, 6 ... Electrode for electric field communication, 7 ... Wireless antenna, 8 ... Radio control circuit, 9 ... Radio control circuit, 10 ... Microcomputer, 11 ... Locking / unlocking control circuit, 12 ... Electric field communication receiving circuit, 13 ... Microcomputer, 14 ... Electric field communication transmission circuit, 15 ... Radio antenna.

Claims (3)

電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも受信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた携帯通信装置と、電界通信の送受信機能のうち少なくとも送信機能、および無線通信の近距離通信機能を備えた機器側通信装置により構成され、電界通信を経由して機器側通信装置から携帯通信装置に向けて送信された信号を携帯通信装置が受信することを通信トリガーとし、携帯通信装置と機器側通信装置との間で、近距離通信で無線通信することを特徴とするデータ通信システム。 A portable communication device having at least a reception function and a short-range communication function for wireless communication among transmission / reception functions for electric field communication, and a device having at least a transmission function and a short-range communication function for wireless communication among electric field communication transmission / reception functions The communication trigger is that the mobile communication device receives a signal transmitted from the device communication device to the mobile communication device via electric field communication, and the mobile communication device and the device communication device A data communication system characterized in that wireless communication is performed by short-range communication. 前記携帯通信装置は、特定のＩＤコードが記録され且つ個人又は移動機能を持った装置が保持する携帯通信装置であり、前記機器側通信装置は、施設側に設置され且つ前記ＩＤコードを認証する固定の機器側通信装置であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のデータ通信システム。 The portable communication device is a portable communication device in which a specific ID code is recorded and held by an individual or a device having a mobile function, and the device-side communication device is installed on a facility side and authenticates the ID code The data communication system according to claim 1, wherein the data communication system is a fixed device-side communication device. 傾斜センサを設け、前記携帯通信装置には、特定の姿勢にあるときは通信を行わせないことを特徴とする請求項２に記載のデータ通信システム。 The data communication system according to claim 2, wherein an inclination sensor is provided, and the mobile communication device is not allowed to communicate when in a specific posture.
JP2009233385A 2009-10-07 2009-10-07 Data communication system Pending JP2013009019A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011101095A (en) * 2009-11-04 2011-05-19 Itoki Corp Authentication device for living body communication, authentication system for living body communication and authentication method for living body communication

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FI110560B (en) * 2000-12-27 2003-02-14 Nokia Corp Grouping of wireless communication terminals
JP2005027095A (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-27 Tonami Denki Kogyo Kk Contact type individual authentication method
JP4028513B2 (en) * 2004-04-09 2007-12-26 日本電信電話株式会社 Communications system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011101095A (en) * 2009-11-04 2011-05-19 Itoki Corp Authentication device for living body communication, authentication system for living body communication and authentication method for living body communication

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