JP2013001387A - Heat pump system for vehicle and method for controlling the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle heat pump system which enhances heating performance and efficiency and dehumidification performance, and prevents external dew condensation in extremely low temperature, and a method for controlling the same.SOLUTION: The vehicle heat pump system includes a cooling means that is constituted in a vehicle to supply and circulate cooling water to electronic equipment through a cooling line, and an air-conditioning means that is connected by a coolant line so as to adjust the air conditioning in the vehicle room. The cooling means includes: a radiator which is constituted at the front of vehicles to circulate the cooling water along the cooling line with a water pump, and to cool the supplied cooling water by heat exchange with the open air; a cooling fan for blowing wind to the radiator; and a heat-exchanger which is connected to the cooling line to circulate the cooling water, changes the water temperature of the cooling water by using selectively a source of waste heat generated from the electronic equipment depending on modes, and heat-exchanges between the coolant by connecting with the coolant line of the air-conditioning means, with the cooling water.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle and a control method thereof, and more specifically, uses waste heat generated from electrical components to improve heating performance and dehumidification performance, and prevents external condensation on an external condenser at extremely low temperatures. At the same time, the present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump system having an increased travel distance and a control method thereof.

2. Description of the Related Art In general, an automotive air conditioner includes an air conditioner module for cooling and heating a vehicle interior.
In such an air conditioner module, the heat exchange medium discharged by driving the compressor is circulated to the compressor through the condenser, the receiver dryer, the expansion valve, and the evaporator. The room is cooled, or the room is heated by flowing heat into the heater to exchange heat.
On the other hand, recently, interest in the problems of energy efficiency and environmental pollution has increased, and there has been a demand for the development of environmentally friendly vehicles that can substantially replace internal combustion engine vehicles. It is roughly classified into an electric vehicle driven by using electricity as a power source and a hybrid vehicle driven by using an engine and an electric battery together.

Since such an environmentally friendly vehicle is not equipped with an internal combustion engine, there is no engine waste heat that can be used as a heater heat source. For this reason, an electric heater is used as a heat source. However, there is a disadvantage that the travel distance of the vehicle is reduced due to excessive power consumption of the electric heater. In order to overcome this problem, a vehicle heat pump system that is efficient during heating has been presented instead of an electric heater.
In such a heat pump system, in the summer cooling mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant compressed by the compressor is condensed by the condenser, then passed through the receiver dryer and the expansion valve, and then evaporated by the evaporator. However, in the winter heating mode, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is used as a heater medium. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2).

That is, in the electric vehicle, high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant flows in the heating mode to the indoor condenser that is not the outdoor condenser through the valve, and heat exchange with the sucked outside air is performed. (Positive Temperature Coefficient) The temperature inside the vehicle is raised by passing through the heater and flowing into the vehicle interior.
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant flowing into the indoor condenser is condensed by heat exchange with the sucked outside air and further discharged as liquid refrigerant.

The conventional heat pump system as described above employs an air cooling system that uses external air as a heat exchange medium with a refrigerant.
In addition, the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the cold or low temperature outside air in winter undergoes heat exchange from the indoor condenser, is discharged at an ultra-low temperature state, and flows into the external condenser, causing condensation or condensation on the surface of the external condenser. When freezing occurs, the heat exchange efficiency and heating performance and efficiency of the heat exchange medium decrease, and when switching from the cooling mode to the heating mode, the humidity increases due to the condensed water remaining outside the evaporator, and the vehicle window of the vehicle The phenomenon of clouding occurs.

In order to prevent this, in the defrost mode that removes dew condensation and icing on the surface of the external condenser, the operation of the compressor must be stopped and heating must be performed only with the PTC heater. At the same time, there is a problem in that the travel distance is shortened during heating traveling due to an increase in power consumption.
In addition, when the liquid refrigerant from the indoor condenser is sucked into the compressor, the heat source that can be switched to the gas-phase refrigerant is insufficient, so that the compression efficiency is lowered, and the heating performance is remarkable when the outside air temperature is low. Inferior, system becomes unstable. For this reason, a large amount of liquid refrigerant flows into the compressor, and there is a problem that durability of the compressor is lowered.
Furthermore, in a separate dehumidifying mode for removing moisture in the vehicle compartment, there is a problem that noise and vibration are generated due to frequent opening and closing operations of the 2-way (2-way) valve.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-293211 JP 2009-280020 A

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to improve a heating performance, efficiency and dehumidifying performance, and to prevent external condensation at extremely low temperatures and It is in providing the control method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle heat pump system in which the overall travel distance of the vehicle is increased, and a control method therefor.

  The vehicle heat pump system of the present invention, which has been made to achieve the above object, includes a cooling means configured to supply and circulate cooling water to an electrical component through a cooling line, and a refrigerant so as to adjust air conditioning in the vehicle interior. In the vehicle heat pump system including the air-conditioning means connected by the line, the cooling means is configured on the front surface of the vehicle, the cooling water is circulated along the cooling line by the water pump, and the supplied cooling water is heated to the outside air. A radiator that is cooled by replacement, and a cooling fan that blows air to the radiator, and is connected to a cooling line to circulate the cooling water, and selectively uses the waste heat source generated from the electrical equipment depending on the mode, Change the water temperature and connect it to the refrigerant line of the air conditioner means to exchange heat with the coolant. And further comprising a exchanger.

  The air conditioner means is an HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air) that is internally provided with an open / close door that selectively adjusts the outside air that has passed through the evaporator through heating, cooling, and dehumidifying modes to flow into the internal condenser and the PTC heater. a conditioning) module, a compressor connected by an evaporator and a refrigerant line and compressing the refrigerant in a gaseous state, an accumulator provided on the refrigerant line between the compressor and the evaporator, and supplying only the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor, vehicle An external condenser connected to the refrigerant line and condensed by the refrigerant line, a first valve for selectively supplying the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the internal condenser or the external condenser according to the mode of the vehicle, A first expansion valve that expands upon receiving the supply of refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser A second valve for selectively supplying the refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve to the external condenser or heat exchanger; a second valve for selectively supplying the refrigerant having passed through the external condenser or heat exchanger to the evaporator or accumulator; 3 valve | bulb and the 2nd expansion valve which is provided between an evaporator and a 3rd valve, and expands the refrigerant | coolant which flows in by opening and closing of a 3rd valve | bulb is characterized by the above-mentioned.

A pressure sensor is mounted on the refrigerant line connecting the compressor and the first valve.
The first, second, and third valves are three-way valves.
The cooling means and the air conditioner means are respectively connected to a controller and actuated by a control signal of the controller.

  A control method for a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention having the above-described configuration is connected to a controller and interconnected by a cooling line, and includes a cooling means including a radiator, a water pump, and electrical components, and a coolant line. The air conditioner unit is composed of a plurality of valves, a plurality of expansion valves, a compressor, an accumulator, an evaporator, an external condenser, an internal condenser, a PTC heater, and an HAVC module including an open / close door. In the vehicle heat pump system control method, which is applied to a heat pump system further including a heat exchanger connected to a cooling line and a refrigerant line, and operates in a heating mode, a cooling mode, and a dehumidifying mode according to a user's selection, In heating mode, the cooling means originates from electrical components The temperature of the cooling water flowing into the heat exchanger is increased by the waste heat source, and the temperature of the refrigerant is increased by heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger through the refrigerant line. The refrigerant whose temperature has increased due to heat exchange with the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant by passing the accumulator and the compressor along the refrigerant line by opening the third valve. The refrigerant supplied to the internal condenser of the HAVC module and passed through the internal condenser is expanded by the first expansion valve, supplied to the heat exchanger by the operation of the second valve and circulated, and the HAVC module is externally supplied. The PTC heater is selected while the open / close door is opened so that the outside air that has passed through the evaporator passes through the internal condenser, and the inflowing outside air passes through the internal condenser Characterized by heating the interior of the vehicle with Do operation.

  In the cooling mode, the cooling means is in a state in which the cooling fan is activated and the cooling water flowing into the radiator is cooled, and the water pump is operated to cool the electrical components while flowing into the heat exchanger. The temperature of the refrigerant is lowered by heat exchange with the low-temperature cooling water that has flowed in, and the air conditioner means that the low-temperature refrigerant cooled while passing through the external condenser is supplied to the second expansion valve connected to the evaporator of the HAVC module. The refrigerant expanded by operating the third valve to flow into the evaporator is supplied to the evaporator, the refrigerant evaporated by heat exchange with the outside air is discharged by the evaporator, and the refrigerant is compressed through the accumulator and the compressor. Then, the refrigerant line connected to the external condenser is opened by operating the first valve, supplied to the external condenser and circulated, and the evaporator flows into the evaporator by the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator. Pass while cooled outside air by closing the door so as not to flow into the condenser, the cooled outside air allowed to flow directly into the interior of the vehicle, characterized in that cooling the interior of the vehicle.

  In the dehumidifying mode, the cooling means operates the cooling fan to cool the cooling water flowing into the radiator, cools the electrical components by operating the water pump, flows into the heat exchanger, and cools the low temperature flowing into the heat exchanger. The temperature of the refrigerant is lowered by heat exchange with the cooling water, and the air conditioner means passes the heat exchanger so that the low-temperature refrigerant cooled and flows into the second expansion valve connected to the evaporator of the HAVC module. In the state where the third valve is opened and the expanded refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator, the refrigerant evaporated by heat exchange with the outside air in the evaporator is discharged and compressed through the accumulator and the compressor. The refrigerant line connected to the internal condenser is opened by the operation of to supply the refrigerant to the internal condenser, and the refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser is expanded by the first expansion valve. In this state, the second valve is operated and circulated so as to be supplied to the heat exchanger, and the open / close door is opened so that the cooled outside air passes through the internal condenser while passing through the evaporator of the HAVC module from the outside. The outside air that has flowed in is then dehumidified inside the vehicle while passing through the internal condenser and the PTC heater.

The dehumidifying mode is characterized in that the controller adjusts the expansion amount of the refrigerant by adjusting the opening amounts of the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve.
In the heating mode, cooling mode, and dehumidification mode, the controller controls the air volume of the cooling fan and the flow rate of the water pump according to the temperature state of the waste heat source generated from the electrical components and the temperature state of the cooling water and the refrigerant. It is characterized by.
The cooling means further includes a bypass valve directly connecting the heat exchanger and the water pump and a fourth valve 190 provided at the inlet of the bypass, and the cooling water is adjusted to bypass the radiator according to the heating mode and the dehumidifying mode. And

According to the vehicle heat pump system and the control method thereof of the present invention, by applying a heat exchanger that uses cooling water as a heat exchange medium, heat is exchanged with the refrigerant using a waste heat source generated from the electrical component, The overall heating performance and efficiency and dehumidification performance can be improved, and external condensation of the external condenser provided outside can be prevented at extremely low temperatures.
Also, in the heating mode, in the idling state and traveling conditions at extremely low temperatures, the entire system is driven simultaneously with the PTC heater to prevent an increase in power consumption and at the same time reduce the heating load. This has the advantage of increasing the overall mileage of the vehicle with less energy.
In the cooling mode of the vehicle, an air-cooled air conditioner system through an external condenser can be maintained, so that the cooling performance can be maintained. In the dehumidifying mode, a 3-way (3-Way) valve should be adopted. Therefore, frequent opening / closing operations can be reduced, and noise and vibration caused by opening / closing operations of the valve can be reduced. .

It is a lineblock diagram of the heat pump system for vehicles concerning the example of the present invention. It is a heating mode operation state figure of the heat pump system for vehicles concerning the example of the present invention. It is a cooling mode operation state figure of the heat pump system for vehicles concerning the example of the present invention. It is a dehumidification mode operation state figure of the heat pump system for vehicles concerning the example of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in the drawings, the vehicle heat pump system 100 and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention use the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111 to exchange heat between the coolant and the refrigerant, thereby heating performance. In addition, heating efficiency and dehumidification performance are improved, and external condensation of the external condenser 164 is prevented at extremely low temperatures.
Also, the overall travel distance of the vehicle for the same amount of energy is increased by reducing the heating load in the vehicle heating mode.
For this purpose, the vehicle heat pump system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is basically mounted on a vehicle and a cooling line (hereinafter referred to as “C.L. In the case of the electrical component 111 and the hybrid vehicle, a cooling means 110 that supplies and circulates cooling water to an engine (not shown), and a refrigerant line (Refrigerant Line) through which the refrigerant flows so as to adjust the heating and cooling of the vehicle interior. Hereinafter, the air conditioner means 150 having “RL” is included.

In the present embodiment, the cooling means 110 is configured on the front surface of the vehicle, circulates the cooling water along the cooling line (CL) by the water pump 113, and exchanges the supplied cooling water with heat from the outside air. A radiator 115 to be cooled and a cooling fan 117 attached to the rear of the radiator 115 so as to blow air to the radiator 115 are configured.
The vehicle heat pump system 100 further includes a heat exchanger 130 that is disposed between the electrical component 111 and the radiator 115 and is connected to the cooling line (CL) and the refrigerant line (RL).
The heat exchanger 130 is connected to a cooling line (CL) so that cooling water circulates therein, and selectively uses a waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111 by heating, cooling, and dehumidifying modes of the vehicle. By changing the water temperature of the cooling water, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant line (RL) is heat-exchanged with the cooling water.
That is, the heat exchanger 130 is a water-cooled heat exchanger that uses cooling water as a heat exchange medium to exchange heat with the refrigerant.

Such a heat exchanger 130 has a temperature sensor (not shown) attached therein, and the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the coolant flowing in and the temperature of the refrigerant.
In the present embodiment, the air conditioner means 150 includes an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) module 151, a compressor 161, an accumulator 163, an external condenser 164, a first valve 165, a second valve 167, a third valve 169, The first expansion valve 171 and the second expansion valve 173 are configured. Each of these components will be described in more detail.
First, the HVAC module 151 includes an evaporator 157 that cools the air that passes through and an internal condenser 153 that heats the air that passes through the evaporator 157, and has passed through the evaporator 157 by cooling, heating, and dehumidifying modes. An open / close door 159 for adjusting the outside air to selectively flow into the internal condenser 153 and the PTC heater 155 is provided inside.

That is, the open / close door 159 opens the flow path to the internal condenser 153 and the PTC heater 155 so that the outside air that has passed through the evaporator 157 flows into the internal condenser 153 and the PTC heater 155 when the vehicle is heated. During cooling, the flow path to the internal condenser 153 and the PTC heater 155 is closed so that the external air cooled through the evaporator 157 flows directly into the vehicle.
In this embodiment, the compressor 161 is connected to the evaporator 157 by a refrigerant line (RL), and compresses the refrigerant in the gaseous state.
The accumulator 163 is provided on a refrigerant line (RL) between the compressor 161 and the evaporator 157, and stores and stores the liquid refrigerant so that only the gaseous refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 161. The liquid refrigerant thus vaporized is further supplied to the compressor 161 to improve the efficiency and durability of the compressor 161.

The external condenser 164 is provided in front of the radiator 115 outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle, is connected to the compressor 161 by a refrigerant line (RL), and receives supply of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161. To condense.
In the present embodiment, the first valve 165 selectively supplies the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161 to the internal condenser 153 or the external condenser 164 according to the mode of the vehicle.
The first expansion valve 171 expands the refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser 153 by being supplied by the refrigerant line (RL).
Here, a pressure sensor 175 is mounted on the refrigerant line (RL) between the compressor 161 and the first valve 165 to detect the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161 in a compressed state. .

The second valve 167 selectively supplies the refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve 171 to the external condenser 164 or the heat exchanger 130.
The third valve 169 selectively supplies the refrigerant that has passed through the heat exchanger 130 or the external condenser 164 to the evaporator 157 or the accumulator 163.
The second expansion valve 173 is provided between the evaporator 157 and the third valve 169, expands the refrigerant flowing in by opening and closing the third valve 169, and supplies the refrigerant to the evaporator 157.
Here, the first valve 165 supplies the refrigerant to the internal condenser 153 or the heat exchanger 130, the second valve 167 supplies the refrigerant to the heat exchanger 130 or the external condenser 164, and the third valve 169 supplies the refrigerant. It comprises a 3-way valve that selectively opens and closes the refrigerant line (RL) so as to be supplied to the accumulator 163 or the second expansion valve 173.

The cooling unit 110 and the air conditioner unit 150 having the above-described configuration are respectively connected to the controller 180 and operated by a control signal from the controller 180.
That is, the controller 180 controls the cooling fan 117 and the water pump 113 of the cooling means 110 according to a signal output from the temperature sensor of the heat exchanger 130 and the heating mode, the cooling mode, and the dehumidifying mode of the vehicle selected by the user. Control.
The controller 180 controls the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing door 159 of the HVAC module 151 by the air conditioner means 150 according to the mode of the vehicle, and simultaneously controls the opening / closing operation of the first valve 165, the second valve 167, and the third valve 169. Then, the first expansion valve 171 and the second expansion valve 173 are controlled to control the expansion amount of the refrigerant.

Hereinafter, the operation and control method of the vehicle heater pump system configured as described above according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
2 to 4 are operational state diagrams of the heating mode, the cooling mode, and the dehumidifying mode of the vehicle heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
Here, the heating mode, the cooling mode, and the dehumidifying mode of the vehicle heat pump system 100 can be operated by a user's selection or automatic adjustment.

First, the operation and control method in the heating mode of the vehicle heat pump system 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the heating mode, the cooling means 110 is connected by the cooling line (CL) in a state where the temperature of the cooling water is increased using the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111. It flows into the heat exchanger 130.
At this time, the cooling fan 117 delays or prevents cooling of the cooling water flowing into the radiator 115 by stopping the operation or reducing the wind speed.
In such a state, the heat exchanger 130 raises the temperature of the refrigerant by exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing in through the refrigerant line (RL).

Here, the controller 180 determines the temperature of the cooling water and the refrigerant by a temperature sensor (not shown) attached to the heat exchanger 130, the temperature state of the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111, the temperature of the cooling water. The flow rate of the water pump 113 and the air volume of the cooling fan 117 are controlled according to the state and the refrigerant pressure state.
Then, the air conditioner means 150 uses the accumulator 163 and the compressor along the refrigerant line (RL) when the third valve 169 is opened by opening the third valve 169 by the heat exchange with the cooling water inside the heat exchanger 130. 161 are sequentially passed.
Therefore, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant while passing through the compressor 161, and the refrigerant line (RL) connected to the internal condenser 153 is opened by the first valve 165, It flows into the condenser 153.

Here, the pressure sensor 175 mounted on the refrigerant line (RL) between the compressor 161 and the first valve 165 measures the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161, and sends it to the controller 180. The measured value is output.
The controller 180 determines the refrigerant pressure based on the measurement value output from the pressure sensor 175, and adjusts the opening amount of the first valve 165 according to the requested vehicle state.
The refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser 153 moves along the refrigerant line (RL) while being expanded by the first expansion valve 171, and flows into the heat exchanger 130 by the operation of the second valve 167. By repeating the above operation, the refrigerant circulates along the refrigerant line (RL).

That is, in the heating mode, when high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is supplied to the internal condenser 153, the controller 180 causes the external air that has passed through the evaporator 157 of the HAVC module 151 to pass through the internal condenser 153. Then, the open / close door 159 is operated.
Therefore, the outside air flowing in from the outside flows in an uncooled state when passing through the evaporator 157 to which no refrigerant is supplied, and is heated to a high temperature state when passing through the internal condenser 153, and is selectively used by the PTC heater 155. It is heated further than normal operation and supplied to the interior of the vehicle. As a result, the vehicle interior is heated.

Next, in the present embodiment, the operation and control method in the cooling mode of the vehicle heat pump system 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in the cooling mode, as shown in FIG. 3, in the cooling mode 110, the cooling fan 117 is operated by the controller 180 to cool the cooling water flowing into the radiator 115.
At this time, the cooling fan 117 operates at the maximum speed to cool the cooling water passing through the radiator 115 to the maximum.
In such a state, the cooled cooling water is circulated along the cooling line (CL) by the operation of the water pump 113 to cool the electrical component 111.
Here, the controller 180 determines the temperature of the cooling water using a temperature sensor attached to the heat exchanger 130, and the water pump according to the temperature state of the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111 and the temperature state of the cooling water. The flow rate of 113 is controlled and the air volume of the cooling fan 117 is controlled.

The air conditioner means 150 supplies the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161 to the external condenser 164 by opening the refrigerant line (RL) in which the first valve 165 is connected to the external condenser 164. Condense.
At this time, the external condenser 164 is disposed in front of the radiator 115 in front of the vehicle, and thereby cools and condenses the refrigerant flowing into the interior by the traveling wind and the air volume of the cooling fan 117.
Thereafter, the controller 180 operates the third valve 169 so that the refrigerant that has passed through the external condenser 164 flows into the second expansion valve 173 connected to the evaporator 157 of the HAVC module 151, and the refrigerant line (R .L) is released.
The low-temperature refrigerant flowing into the second expansion valve 173 is expanded and supplied to the evaporator 157 along the refrigerant line (RL).

Thereafter, the refrigerant evaporates by heat exchange with the outside air in the evaporator 157, and is compressed through the accumulator 163 and the compressor 161 along the refrigerant line (RL).
The refrigerant compressed by the above operation flows into the external condenser 164 by opening the refrigerant line (RL) connected to the external condenser 164 by the operation of the first valve 165, and the above operation is repeated. It circulates along a refrigerant line (RL).
Here, the outside air flowing into the HVAC module 151 is cooled when passing through the evaporator 157 by the low-temperature refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 157.
At this time, the opening / closing door 159 closes the flow path toward the internal condenser 153 so that the cooled outside air does not pass through the internal condenser 153 and the PTC heater 155, and the cooled outside air is directly passed into the interior of the vehicle. Cooling is performed by letting it flow in.

Next, an operation and control method in the dehumidifying mode of the vehicle heat pump system 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in the dehumidifying mode, as shown in FIG. 4, the cooling means 110 causes the cooling fan 117 to be operated by the controller 180 to cool the cooling water flowing into the radiator 115.
In such a state, the cooled cooling water is circulated along the cooling line (CL) by the operation of the water pump 113 and flows into the heat exchanger 130 while cooling the electrical component 111 to exchange heat. The temperature of the refrigerant is lowered by heat exchange with the low-temperature cooling water that has flowed into the vessel 130.

Here, the controller 180 determines the temperature of the cooling water and the refrigerant by a temperature sensor attached to the heat exchanger 130, and the temperature state of the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111, the temperature state of the cooling water, and the refrigerant The flow rate of the water pump 113 and the air volume of the cooling fan 117 are controlled according to the pressure state.
When the air conditioner means 150 passes through the heat exchanger 130, the second expansion valve 173 connected to the evaporator 157 of the HAVC module 151 is supplied with the low-temperature refrigerant cooled by heat exchange with the low-temperature cooling water. The refrigerant line (RL) is opened by the operation of the third valve 169 so as to flow into the refrigerant.
Thereby, the low-temperature refrigerant that has flowed into the second expansion valve 173 is supplied to the evaporator 157 along the refrigerant line (RL) in an expanded state.

Thereafter, the refrigerant is evaporated by heat exchange with the outside air in the evaporator 157 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant while passing through the accumulator 163 and the compressor 161 along the refrigerant line (RL).
The compressed gas refrigerant is supplied to the internal condenser 153 after the refrigerant line (RL) connected to the internal condenser 153 is opened by the first valve 165.
Here, the pressure sensor 175 mounted on the refrigerant line (RL) between the compressor 161 and the first valve 165 measures the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 161, and sends it to the controller 180. The measured value is output.
The controller 180 determines the refrigerant pressure based on the measurement value output from the pressure sensor 175, and adjusts the opening amount of the first valve 165 according to the requested vehicle state.

The refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser 153 is heat-exchanged along the refrigerant line (RL) connected to the heat exchanger 130 by the operation of the second valve 167 in a state where the refrigerant has expanded by the first expansion valve 171. It flows into the vessel 130 and circulates along the refrigerant line (RL) by repeating the above operation.
In this case, the controller 180 adjusts the expansion amount of the refrigerant by adjusting the opening amounts of the first expansion valve 171 and the second expansion valve 173.
Here, the outside air flowing into the HVAC module 151 is cooled and dehumidified simultaneously with being cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 157 when passing through the evaporator 157.
At this time, the opening / closing door 159 opens the flow path on the side connected to the internal condenser 153 so that the dehumidified and cooled outside air passes through the internal condenser 153. The outside air cooled and dehumidified in the evaporator 157 is heated again by the internal condenser 153 and flows into the vehicle. As a result, the interior of the vehicle can be dehumidified.

On the other hand, in the description of the vehicle heat pump system control method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the PTC heater 155 is operated together with the outside air in the heating mode as one embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The operation of the PTC heater 155 can be selected and realized by setting the heating temperature according to the user's selection.
According to the vehicle heat pump system 100 and the control method thereof according to the present invention, the heat exchanger 130 using the cooling water as a heat exchange medium is applied, and heat exchange with the refrigerant is performed using the waste heat source generated from the electrical component 111. As a result, the overall heating performance and efficiency and dehumidification performance can be improved, and external condensation of the external condenser 164 provided outside can be prevented at extremely low temperatures.

Also, in the heating mode, in the idling state and traveling conditions at extremely low temperatures, by simultaneously driving the entire system together with the PTC heater 155, it is possible to prevent an increase in power consumption and reduce the heating load. The overall mileage of the vehicle per energy consumption unit can be increased.
In the cooling mode of the vehicle, the cooling water can be heat-exchanged with a low-temperature refrigerant to lower the water temperature, so that the cooling performance can be improved. Further, by making the first valve 165, the second valve 167, and the third valve 169 operating in each mode into three-way valves, the frequent opening and closing operations are reduced, and noise caused by the valve opening and closing operations is reduced. Vibration generation can be reduced.
Furthermore, in the heat exchanger 130, by using cooling water as a heat exchange medium, the structure of each component can be simplified, and at the same time, the electrical component 111 can be cooled by a single radiator 115. The system package can be made compact, and the efficiency of the radiator 115 can be improved.

On the other hand, in the description of the vehicle heat pump system and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, and third valves are provided as one embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, a separate 2-way (2-Way) valve may be applied on the cooling line and the refrigerant line to bypass the working fluid and adjust the flow rate.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the cooling means 110 further includes a bypass that directly connects the heat exchanger 130 and the water pump 113 and a fourth valve 190 provided at an inlet of the bypass. The fourth valve 190 can be controlled so that the cooling water bypasses the radiator 115 in the heating mode and the dehumidifying mode.

  As mentioned above, although the preferable Example regarding this invention was described, the scope of the present invention is not limited to a specific Example, and should be interpreted by a claim. Further, it goes without saying that a person having ordinary knowledge in this technical field can make many modifications and variations within the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Heat pump system for vehicles 110 Cooling means 111 Electrical component 113 Water pump (W / P)
115 Radiator 117 Cooling fan 130 Heat exchanger 150 Air conditioner means 151 HVAC module 153 Internal condenser 155 PTC heater 157 Evaporator 159 Open / close door 161 Compressor 163 External condenser 165 First valve 167 Second valve 169 Third valve 171 First expansion valve 173 Second expansion valve 175 Pressure sensor 180 Controller 190 Fourth valve C.I. L cooling line L refrigerant line

Claims (11)

In a vehicle heat pump system including a cooling means configured to supply and circulate cooling water to and from an electrical component through a cooling line, and an air conditioner connected by a refrigerant line so as to adjust cooling and heating in the vehicle compartment,
The cooling means is configured in front of the vehicle, circulates the cooling water along the cooling line by a water pump, and cools the supplied cooling water by heat exchange with the outside air, and blows air to the radiator. Including a cooling fan
The cooling water circulates in connection with the cooling line, and the water temperature of the cooling water is changed by selectively using the waste heat source generated from the electrical equipment according to the mode, and the inflow is connected to the refrigerant line of the air conditioner means. The vehicle heat pump system further includes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the coolant. The air conditioner means includes
An HVAC module having an open / close door for selectively adjusting the outside air that has passed through the evaporator through heating, cooling, and dehumidifying modes to flow into the internal condenser and the PTC heater;
A compressor connected by the evaporator and the refrigerant line to compress the refrigerant in a gaseous state;
An accumulator which is provided on the refrigerant line between the compressor and the evaporator and supplies only the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor;
An external condenser that is provided in an engine room of a vehicle and connected by the refrigerant line to condense the refrigerant;
A first valve that selectively supplies refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the internal condenser or the external condenser according to a vehicle mode;
A first expansion valve that expands upon receiving supply of the refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser;
A second valve for selectively supplying the refrigerant expanded by the first expansion valve to the external condenser or the heat exchanger;
A third valve that selectively supplies the refrigerant that has passed through the external condenser or the heat exchanger to the evaporator or the accumulator, and is provided between the evaporator and the third valve. A second expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant flowing in by opening and closing;
The vehicle heat pump system according to claim 1, comprising:   The vehicle heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein a pressure sensor is mounted on the refrigerant line connecting the compressor and the first valve.   3. The vehicle heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein the first, second, and third valves are 3-way valves.   2. The vehicle heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling unit and the air conditioner unit are respectively connected to a controller and are operated by a control signal of the controller. Connected to the controller, each interconnected by a cooling line, and cooling means including a radiator, a water pump, and electrical components, each interconnected by a refrigerant line, a plurality of valves, a plurality of expansion valves, a compressor, A heat exchanger connected to the cooling line and the refrigerant line, further comprising: an accumulator, an evaporator, an external condenser, an internal condenser, a PTC heater, and an air conditioner means including a HAVC module. In a vehicle heat pump system control method, which is applied to a heat pump system including, and is operated in a heating mode, a cooling mode, and a dehumidifying mode, respectively, according to a user's selection,
In the heating mode, the cooling means is
Increasing the temperature of cooling water flowing into the heat exchanger by a waste heat source generated from the electrical component, and increasing the temperature of the refrigerant by heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger through the refrigerant line,
The air conditioner means includes
The refrigerant whose temperature has been raised by heat exchange with the cooling water in the heat exchanger is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant by passing the accumulator and the compressor along the refrigerant line by opening the third valve. In this state, the first valve is operated to supply the internal condenser of the HAVC module,
The refrigerant that has passed through the internal condenser is expanded by the first expansion valve, supplied to the heat exchanger by the operation of the second valve, circulated, and passed through the evaporator of the HAVC module from the outside. A vehicle characterized in that the open / close door is opened so that outside air passes through the internal condenser, and the inside of the vehicle is heated together with the selective operation of the PTC heater while the outside air that has flowed in passes through the internal condenser. Heat pump system control method. In the cooling mode, the cooling means is
In a state in which the cooling water that has flowed into the radiator is cooled by operating a cooling fan, the low temperature that has flowed into the heat exchanger while flowing into the heat exchanger while cooling the electrical components by operating the water pump. Reduce the temperature of the refrigerant by heat exchange with the cooling water of
The air conditioner means includes
The low-temperature refrigerant cooled while passing through the external condenser is operated by the third valve so that the low-temperature refrigerant flows into the second expansion valve connected to the evaporator of the HAVC module. To supply
The refrigerant evaporated by heat exchange with the outside air in the evaporator is discharged and compressed through the accumulator and the compressor, and is connected to the external condenser by the operation of the first valve. Open the refrigerant line and supply it to the external condenser for circulation;
The open / close door is closed so that the outside air cooled while passing through the evaporator by the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator does not flow into the internal condenser, and the cooled outside air flows directly into the vehicle. The vehicle heat pump system control method according to claim 6, wherein the interior of the vehicle is cooled. In the dehumidifying mode, the cooling means is
A cooling fan that operates to cool the cooling water that flows into the radiator, and cools the electrical components by operating the water pump and flows into the heat exchange, and the low-temperature cooling water that flows into the heat exchanger; Reduce the temperature of the refrigerant by heat exchange,
The air conditioner means includes
The third valve is opened so that the low-temperature refrigerant cooled through the heat exchanger flows into the second expansion valve connected to the evaporator of the HAVC module, and the expanded refrigerant is removed from the evaporator. To supply
The refrigerant evaporated by heat exchange with the outside air in the evaporator is discharged and compressed through the accumulator and the compressor, and is connected to the internal condenser by the operation of the first valve. Open the refrigerant line to supply the refrigerant to the internal condenser,
The refrigerant passing through the internal condenser is circulated by operating the second valve so that the refrigerant is supplied to the heat exchanger in a state where the refrigerant is expanded by the first expansion valve, and the evaporator of the HAVC module is externally supplied. The open / close door is opened so that the outside air cooled while passing through the internal condenser passes through the internal condenser, and the inflowing outside air dehumidifies the vehicle interior while passing through the internal condenser and the PTC heater. The vehicle heat pump system control method according to claim 6. The dehumidifying mode is
The vehicle heat pump system control method according to claim 8, wherein the controller adjusts an expansion amount of the refrigerant by adjusting an opening amount of the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve. The heating mode, the cooling mode, and the dehumidifying mode are:
The said controller controls the air volume of a cooling fan and the flow volume of the said water pump according to the temperature state of the waste heat source which generate | occur | produces from the said electrical component, and the temperature state of cooling water and a refrigerant | coolant. The heat pump system control method for vehicles described in 2. The cooling means includes
A bypass directly connecting the heat exchanger and the water pump; and a fourth valve provided at an inlet of the bypass;
The vehicle heat pump system control method according to claim 6, wherein the cooling water is adjusted so as to bypass the radiator according to the heating mode and the dehumidifying mode.

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