JP2012105407A - Power storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power storage system that can effectively charge/discharge electricity depending on loaded condition of an electric power system.SOLUTION: A power storage system 1 comprises a power storage apparatus 3 connected to an electric train line 93. The power storage system 1 measures an overhead wire voltage Vs of the electric train line 93, controls charging/discharging the power storage apparatus 3 based on the overhead wire voltage Vs according to a control mode 1 generating charge/discharge characteristics based on diagram information and others or a control mode 2 generating charge/discharge characteristics that always provides constant charge/discharge effect, determines the effect of the charge/discharge of the power storage apparatus 3, and changes a control mode MD if it is determined that the charge/discharge of the power storage apparatus 3 is not effective.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power storage system that charges and discharges an electric power system.

  Generally, it is known to install a power storage device in a DC power supply system (DC feeding system) of an electric railway. The power storage device compensates for the overhead line voltage by absorbing regenerative electric power regenerated by the train or discharging when the overhead line voltage decreases.

  Also, the load distribution on the train feeding circuit varies greatly depending on the time of day. For this reason, the request | requirement to an electrical storage apparatus differs at the time of a rush and a quiet time. Therefore, the charge / discharge control method of the power storage device differs depending on the time period.

  Therefore, it is known to switch the charge / discharge control method of the power storage device according to time zones.

JP 2008-74180 A

  However, when the charge / discharge control method of the power storage device is switched and controlled for each time zone, if the train schedule is greatly changed due to the influence of operation arrangement, there is a possibility that the expected effect of charge / discharge control cannot be obtained. This is because the predicted load state and the actual load state are not matched.

  For example, it is assumed that when the power storage device is controlled so as to suppress the regeneration invalidity when the train density is low, the operation is organized and the train density is high. An effective method for controlling the power storage device under such circumstances is not charge / discharge control that suppresses regenerative expiration, but control that compensates for a punter point voltage drop. In such a case, even if charge / discharge control that suppresses regenerative revocation is performed, the expected effect of charge / discharge control cannot be obtained.

  Then, the objective of embodiment of this invention is to provide the electrical storage system which can be charged / discharged effectively according to the load state of an electric power grid | system.

  A power storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention controls power storage means connected to a power system, voltage measurement means for measuring the voltage of the power system, and charge / discharge of the power storage means based on time A first charge / discharge control characteristic generating means for generating a first charge / discharge control characteristic for performing a charge, and a second charge / discharge for controlling the charge / discharge of the power storage means so as to correspond to both charge and discharge A second charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit that generates a control characteristic; and the first charge / discharge control characteristic generated by the first charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit or the second charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit. Charge / discharge control means for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means based on the voltage measured by the voltage measurement means using the generated second charge / discharge control characteristics, and charge / discharge of the power storage means Determine if it is effective And determining means, when the charge and discharge of the accumulator unit is determined not to be effective by the determination unit, and a charge and discharge control characteristic switching means for switching the charging and discharging control characteristic to be used for the charging and discharging control unit.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the direct-current power supply system to which the electrical storage system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention was applied. The lineblock diagram showing the composition of the control part of the electrical storage system concerning a 1st embodiment. The graph for demonstrating the determination by the independence determination part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the charging / discharging control characteristic production | generation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The characteristic view which shows the charging / discharging control characteristic used for control by the charging / discharging control part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure for calculating the refraction point parameter of the control mode 1 by the refraction point parameter production | generation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The characteristic view which shows an example of the charging / discharging control characteristic of the control mode 2 used for control by the charging / discharging control part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The lineblock diagram showing the composition of the SOC control part concerning a 1st embodiment. The graph figure which shows the SOC target value produced | generated according to the time zone of the control mode 1 by the SOC target value production | generation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment in time series. The graph figure which shows the SOC target value produced | generated according to the subdivided time slot | zone of the control mode 1 by the SOC target value production | generation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment in time series. The lineblock diagram showing the composition of the electrical storage device protection limiter concerning a 1st embodiment. The characteristic view which shows the characteristic of the overdischarge prevention limiter which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The characteristic view which shows the characteristic of the temperature rise suppression limiter which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The characteristic view which shows the characteristic of the overvoltage prevention limiter which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The graph figure which shows the charging / discharging control of the control mode 1 in the operation time slot | zone of the train of the electrical storage system which concerns on 1st Embodiment in time series. The block diagram which shows the structure of the control part of the electrical storage system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the charging / discharging control characteristic production | generation part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. The data figure which shows the time series data set to the refraction point parameter production | generation part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a DC power supply system (DC feeding system) 10 for an electric railway to which a power storage system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part in subsequent figures, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and a different part is mainly described. In the following embodiments, the same description is omitted.

  The DC power supply system 10 includes a plurality of transformers 91, a plurality of rectifiers 92, a train line (overhead line) 93, a power storage system 1, a TCR (a transmitter / receiver of a remote monitoring control device) 11, a transmission path 12, It has. The train 90 travels using DC power supplied from the DC power supply system 10.

  The transformer 91 and the rectifier 92 are provided for each feeding section. The transformer 91 and the rectifier 92 convert the AC power supplied from the substation into a DC voltage suitable for supplying to the train line 93.

  The train line 93 supplies the DC power received from the rectifier 92 to the train 90.

  The TCR 11 is connected to a remote monitoring control device (such as a power management system or an operation management system) via the transmission line 12. The TCR 11 is a transmitter / receiver for the remote monitoring control device to transmit / receive information to / from the power storage system 1.

  The power storage system 1 charges and discharges based on various information received from the remote monitoring control device and the amount of electricity such as current or voltage at each location in the DC power supply system 10. As a result, the power storage system 1 absorbs the regenerative power regenerated by the train 90 or discharges to compensate for the voltage of the train line 93 when the voltage of the train line 93 drops.

  The power storage system 1 includes a control unit 2, a power storage device 3, a voltage detector 4, and a current detector 5.

  The power storage device 3 is electrically connected to the train line 93. The power storage device 3 includes a converter such as a direct current chopper. The converter is controlled by the control unit 2. When the converter is driven, the power storage device 3 charges or discharges electric power. The power storage device 3 includes SOC (State of Charge) information Sob indicating a power storage state, the temperature Tb of each cell (battery) constituting the power storage device 3, the voltage Vdc between terminals of the power storage device 3, and the like. (Power storage device information) Db is transmitted to the control unit 2.

  The voltage detector 4 detects in order to measure the overhead line voltage Vs of the train line 93. The voltage detector 4 outputs the detected overhead line voltage Vs to the control unit 2.

  The current detector 5 detects in order to measure the output current (discharge current or charge current) Iout of the power storage device 3. The current detector 5 outputs the detected output current Iout to the control unit 2.

  Based on the power storage device information Db received from the power storage device 3, the overhead line voltage Vs detected by the voltage detector 4, the output current Iout detected by the current detector 5, and various information received from the TCR 11. Then, a current command value I * for controlling the output current Iout of the power storage device 3 is calculated. The various information which the control part 2 receives from TCR11 is the information regarding the train schedule transmitted from an operation management system, for example. Control unit 2 controls charging / discharging of power storage device 3 by transmitting calculated current command value I * to power storage device 3.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of the control unit 2 of the power storage system 1 according to the present embodiment.

  The control unit 2 includes an independent determination unit 21, a charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22, an SOC control unit 23, a charge / discharge control unit 24, and a power storage device protection limiter 25.

  The SOC information Sob received from the power storage device 3, the overhead line voltage Vs detected by the voltage detector 4, and the output current Iout detected by the current detector 5 are input to the independence determination unit 21. The self-supporting determination unit 21 determines whether or not charge / discharge control is effectively performed based on the SOC information Sob, the overhead wire voltage Vs, and the output current Iout. When it is determined that the charge / discharge control is not effectively performed, the self-supporting determination unit 21 outputs a switching command for switching the control mode MD to the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the determination method by the independence determination part 21 is demonstrated.

  FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining the determination by the self-supporting determination unit 21 according to the present embodiment.

  The independence determination unit 21 compares the planned value PL of the feeder input energy with the actual value RE. The actual value RE is calculated based on the SOC information Sob, the overhead line voltage Vs, and the output current Iout. The planned value PL is stored in the independence determination unit 21 in advance. The plan value PL is, for example, an actual value when charge / discharge control has been performed effectively in the past.

  In FIG. 3, the planned value PL and the actual value RE deviate with time. The independence determination unit 21 has an evaluation function for each purpose for which the width and duration to deviate are defined in advance (for example, when discharging to the train line 93 or when charging from the train line 93 is intended). By substituting for, it is determined whether the charge / discharge control is effectively implemented. In the evaluation by the evaluation function, basically, the charge / discharge control is more effectively performed as the width of the deviation is wider or the duration of the deviation state (for example, the duration of the deviation width is a predetermined value or longer) is longer. Judge that it is not.

  FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22 according to the present embodiment.

  The charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22 includes a control mode switching unit 221 and a refraction point parameter generation unit 222.

  The control mode switching unit 221 determines the control mode. The control mode switching unit 221 switches the control mode MD based on a switching command input from the self-supporting determination unit 21 or a remote monitoring control device switching command input from the TCR 11. When the contact A of the control mode switching unit 221 is selected, the control mode 1 set in the setting unit STA is selected. When the contact point B of the control mode switching unit 221 is selected, the control mode 2 set in the setting unit STB is selected. The control mode switching unit 221 outputs the selected control mode MD to the refraction point parameter generation unit 222 and the SOC control unit 23.

  In the control mode switching unit 221, the control mode 1 is normally selected. The control mode switching unit 221 switches from the control mode 1 to the control mode 2 when receiving a switching command for switching the control mode MD from the independence determination unit 21. In addition, the control mode switching unit 221 switches from the control mode 1 to the control mode 2 in response to a manual or switching command from the operation management system. Further, the control mode switching unit 221 may perform switching by automatically determining switching from the time delay of the diamond. The return from the control mode 2 to the control mode 1 is performed manually or by a reset signal from the operation management system. For example, the commander confirms the return of the diamond and gives a reset command. Alternatively, a reset command is given by automatically determining a return from the delay time of the diamond.

  The control mode 1 is control using an information transmission network (such as a network including the transmission path 12) of the power management system. Using the information transmission network that connects the substations, the power storage system 1 is caused to transmit state information such as the current for each line or the feeder voltage of each substation. The power storage system 1 performs charging / discharging by autonomous control based on information transmitted from the information transmission network.

  The control mode 2 is a control mode in which charge / discharge control is performed by a single charge / discharge control characteristic. The voltage-current characteristic used in the control mode 2 is a charge / discharge control characteristic in which control is performed so that a constant charge / discharge effect is always obtained in any load state such as a quiet time and a rush time. Control mode switching unit 221 switches to control mode 2 when charge / discharge control of power storage device 3 in control mode 1 is not effective.

  FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing charge / discharge control characteristics used for control by the charge / discharge control unit 24 according to the present embodiment. The horizontal axis indicates the overhead line voltage Vs of the train line 93. The zero point of the overhead wire voltage Vs is, for example, a rated voltage. The vertical axis represents the output current Iout (or current command value I0 *) output from the power storage device 3.

  The refraction point parameter generation unit 222 is input with the overhead line voltage Vs detected by the voltage detector 4 and various types of information such as the diagram information received from the TCR 11 or the current for each substation or the feeder voltage. The refraction point parameter generator 222 calculates a refraction point parameter PR corresponding to the control mode MD for determining the charge / discharge control characteristics. The refraction point parameter PR includes set values of the parameters Va, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve, Vf, Iolim, and Icrim of the charge / discharge control characteristics shown in FIG. The refraction point parameter generation unit 222 outputs the calculated refraction point parameter PR to the charge / discharge control unit 24.

  FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration for calculating the refraction point parameter PR in the control mode 1 by the refraction point parameter generation unit 222 according to the present embodiment.

  The refraction point parameter generation unit 222 includes a basic parameter generation unit 225 and an optimization algorithm execution unit 226.

  When the control mode 1 is selected by the control mode switching unit 221, the basic parameter generation unit 225 is a basic basis for calculating the refraction point parameter PR based on various information such as diamond information input from the TCR 11. Generate parameters. The various information input from the TCR 11 includes, in addition to the diagram information, a current or an overhead voltage for each direction or line to which a substation existing on the same feeder circuit is fed. Note that some or all of these various types of information may be stored in a storage device inside the power storage system 1 without being received from the TCR 11. The basic parameter generation unit 225 outputs the generated basic parameter to the optimization algorithm execution unit 226.

  The overhead line voltage Vs is input to the optimization algorithm execution unit 226. The optimization algorithm execution unit 226 determines an evaluation function based on the overhead line voltage Vs or the regenerative power of the train. The optimization algorithm execution unit 226 optimizes the basic parameter as an initial value so that the value evaluated by the evaluation function is improved. The optimization algorithm execution unit 226 executes the optimization algorithm at regular intervals. The optimization algorithm execution unit 226 outputs the optimized parameter as the refraction point parameter PR to the charge / discharge control unit 24 as needed.

  In the case of the control mode 1, the refraction point parameter generation unit 222 updates the refraction point parameter PR as needed. The update timing may be real-time control, or a long control period such as a 10-second period or a 30-minute period may be used.

  A method for determining the refraction point parameter PR in the control mode 2 by the refraction point parameter generation unit 222 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram illustrating an example of charge / discharge control characteristics of the control mode 2 used for control by the charge / discharge control unit 24 according to the present embodiment.

  The refraction point parameter PR is maintained at a constant value in the control mode 2. For example, in the case of the charge / discharge control characteristics shown in FIG. 7, the refraction point parameter PR is 900 [V] for the parameter Va, 1400 [V] for the parameter Vb, 1500 [V] for the parameter Vc, 1620 [V] for the parameter Vd, The parameter Ve is 1650 [V], the parameter Vf is 1850 [V], the parameter Iolim is 400 [A], and the parameter Icrim is 350 [A].

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the SOC control unit 23 according to the present embodiment.

  The SOC control unit 23 includes an SOC target value generation unit 231, a subtracter 232, a proportional integration control unit 233, and a floating charge / discharge limiter 234.

  The SOC target value generation unit 231 receives the control mode MD selected by the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22. The SOC target value generation unit 231 generates an SOC target value S * corresponding to the control mode MD. The SOC target value generation unit 231 outputs the generated SOC target value S * to the subtractor 232.

  The generation of the SOC target value S * by the SOC target value generation unit 231 when the control mode 1 is selected will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing the SOC target value S * generated for each control mode for each time zone in time series. FIG. 10 is a graph showing, in time series, SOC target values S * generated for each subdivided time period in one diamond period in a certain time period control mode (control mode IV).

  In the case of the control mode in the time zone where the regeneration is likely to expire easily in the early morning, the SOC target value S * is set low. In a control mode in a time zone where voltage drop compensation is expected to be required as in rush hours, the SOC target value S * is set high. In addition, in the control mode in the time zone in which both regeneration expiration and voltage drop compensation are expected, the SOC target value S * is set to an intermediate value (for example, 50%) that can correspond to both charging and discharging. To do.

  When the control mode 2 is selected, the SOC target value S * always maintains a constant value (for example, 50%) in which the SOC is not biased.

  The subtracter 232 receives the SOC target value S * generated by the SOC target value generation unit 231 and the SOC information Sob received from the power storage device 3. The subtractor 232 subtracts the SOC information Sob from the SOC target value S *. The subtractor 232 outputs the subtracted value to the proportional-plus-integral control unit 233.

  The proportional-plus-integral control unit 233 performs arithmetic processing for performing proportional-integral control so that the difference between the SOC target value S * calculated by the subtractor 232 and the SOC information Sob is zero. Specifically, the proportional-plus-integral control unit 233 controls the current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling the output current Iout of the power storage device 3 based on the difference between the SOC target value S * and the SOC information Sob. The current command value that is the basis of the is calculated. Thus, proportional-integral control unit 233 controls output current Iout of power storage device 3 based on the fed back SOC information Sob so that the SOC of power storage device 3 becomes SOC target value S *. The proportional integration control unit 233 outputs the calculated current command value to the floating charge / discharge limiter 234. In the proportional-plus-integral control unit 233, it is assumed that a countermeasure for reset windup is taken.

  The floating charge / discharge limiter 234 restricts the current command value calculated by the proportional-integral control unit 233 to an output current Iout that can be output from the converter of the power storage device 3. The floating charge / discharge limiter 234 sets the limited current command value as the current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristic. The floating charge / discharge limiter 234 outputs the calculated current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristic to the charge / discharge control unit 24.

  The charge / discharge control unit 24 receives the refraction point parameter PR generated by the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22 and the current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristic calculated by the SOC control unit 23. The charge / discharge control unit 24 determines charge / discharge control characteristics to be used for control based on the refraction point parameter PR and the current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristics. Further, the overhead wire voltage Vs is input to the charge / discharge control unit 24. The charge / discharge control unit 24 calculates a current command value I0 * for controlling the output current Iout of the power storage device 3 based on the overhead wire voltage Vs and the determined charge / discharge control characteristics. The charge / discharge control unit 24 outputs the calculated current command value I0 * to the power storage device protection limiter 25.

  The control by the charge / discharge control unit 24 will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the overhead wire voltage Vs is greater than the voltage Va and less than or equal to the voltage Vb, the charge / discharge control unit 24 sets the maximum discharge current limit Iolim that can be output in the discharge direction as the current command value I0 *.

  When the overhead line voltage Vs is within the range of the floating charge / discharge control (a section approximately the same as the section larger than the voltage Vc and less than or equal to the voltage Vd), the charge / discharge control unit 24 sets the current command value If of the floating charge / discharge control characteristics. The current command value is I0 *.

  When the overhead wire voltage Vs is greater than the voltage Vb and less than or equal to the voltage Ve and is outside the range of the floating charge / discharge control, the charge / discharge control unit 24 sets the discharge current Io or the charge current Ic corresponding to the overhead wire voltage Vs to the current command value I0 *. And

  When the overhead wire voltage Vs is greater than the voltage Ve and equal to or less than the voltage Vf, the charge / discharge control unit 24 sets the charge current limit Iclim that is maximum in the charge direction as the current command value I0 *.

  FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of the power storage device protection limiter 25 according to the present embodiment.

  The power storage device protection limiter 25 includes an overdischarge prevention limiter 251, a temperature rise suppression limiter 252, and an overvoltage prevention limiter 253. Here, the current command value I0 * is limited to the overdischarge prevention limiter 251, the temperature rise suppression limiter 252, and the overvoltage prevention limiter 253 in this order. However, the current command value I0 * is configured to be limited in any order. Also good.

  FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing characteristics of the overdischarge prevention limiter 251 according to the present embodiment. The horizontal axis indicates the SOC of the power storage device 3. The vertical axis represents the output current Iout of the power storage device 3.

  The overdischarge prevention limiter 251 is a current limiter for preventing overdischarge that greatly affects the life of the power storage device 3. The SOC information Sob is input from the power storage device 3 to the overdischarge prevention limiter 251. Based on the SOC information Sob, the overdischarge prevention limiter 251 limits the current command value I0 * output from the charge / discharge control unit 24 based on the characteristics shown in FIG.

  The overdischarge prevention limiter 251 sets the discharge current limit Iolim to zero when the SOC is a% or less. Therefore, when the SOC is a% or less, the current command value I0 * is limited to zero with respect to the discharge direction. The overdischarge prevention limiter 251 gradually increases the discharge current limit Iolim to the maximum as the SOC exceeds a%. Therefore, as SOC exceeds a%, current command value I0 * is limited so that the current gradually increases in the discharge direction.

  FIG. 13 is a characteristic diagram showing the characteristics of the temperature rise suppression limiter 252 according to this embodiment. The horizontal axis indicates the temperature Tb of the cell (battery) (for example, the highest temperature among all the cells). The vertical axis represents the output current Iout of the power storage device 3.

  The temperature rise suppression limiter 252 is a current limiter for preventing the cell temperature Tb from exceeding a specified value (for example, 50 degrees). This is because the cell temperature Tb greatly affects the life of the power storage device 3. Cell temperature Tb is input from power storage device 3 to temperature rise suppression limiter 252. The temperature rise suppression limiter 252 limits the current command value I0 * output from the charge / discharge control unit 24 based on the cell temperature Tb.

  The temperature rise suppression limiter 252 sets both the discharge current limit Iolim and the charge current limit Icrim to zero when the cell temperature Tb reaches 50 degrees or more. Therefore, when the cell temperature Tb is 50 degrees or more, the current command value I0 * is limited to zero in both the discharging direction and the charging direction. The temperature rise suppression limiter 252 gradually increases the discharge current limit Iolim or the charge current limit Iclim to the maximum as the cell temperature Tb falls below 50 degrees. Therefore, as the cell temperature Tb falls below 50 degrees, the current command value I0 * is limited so that the output current Iout gradually increases in either the discharging direction or the charging direction.

  FIG. 14 is a characteristic diagram showing the characteristics of the overvoltage prevention limiter 253 according to this embodiment.

  The overvoltage prevention limiter 253 is a current limiter having a constant voltage characteristic so that the voltage Vdc between the terminals of the power storage device 3 does not exceed the specified rated voltage Vmax. Overvoltage prevention limiter 253 prevents the specified rated voltage Vmax from being exceeded due to an increase in the voltage between terminals of power storage device 3 during charging. The overvoltage prevention limiter 253 receives the terminal voltage Vdc of the power storage device 3. The overvoltage prevention limiter 253 maximizes the charging current limit Iclim when the inter-terminal voltage Vdc is lower than the specified rated voltage Vmax. The overvoltage prevention limiter 253 sets the charging current limit Iclim to zero when the inter-terminal voltage Vdc is equal to or higher than the specified rated voltage Vmax. As a result, the current command value I0 * is limited to zero in the charging direction output current Iout. Therefore, when the inter-terminal voltage Vdc is equal to or higher than the specified rated voltage Vmax, the power storage device 3 is not charged.

  FIG. 15 is a graph showing time-series charge / discharge control in the control mode 1 in the train operation time zone of the power storage system 1 according to the present embodiment. The charge / discharge control shown in FIG. 15 is an example of a general commuting route.

  In general commuting routes, the number of trains is small in the early morning, so it is easy for regeneration to expire. For this reason, charging / discharging control is performed by the charging / discharging control characteristic which prevents regeneration expiration.

  Next, when the morning rush hour is entered, there will be problems of pant point voltage drop and peak power. Therefore, charge / discharge control is performed with charge / discharge control characteristics that eliminate these problems.

  After the morning rush hours, the train density decreases when the daytime starts. For this reason, the magnitude | size of a train load also becomes small. Therefore, charge / discharge control is performed by charge / discharge control characteristics that prevent regeneration and expiration.

  In the evening, the rush hour occurs again. However, the train density is not as high as in the morning rush hour. For this reason, in the evening rush hours, charge / discharge control is performed with charge / discharge control characteristics that prevent voltage drop compensation and regeneration expiration.

  As the last train approaches, the number of trains operating decreases. For this reason, after the evening rush hour, charge / discharge control is performed with charge / discharge control characteristics that prevent regeneration expiration.

  According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  In the control mode 1, the power storage system 1 can estimate the surrounding load state by receiving various information such as diagram information or line-by-line current and feeder voltage of adjacent substations from a remote monitoring control device or the like. . Based on the load state estimated in this way, charge / discharge control characteristics suitable for the purpose of charge / discharge control are generated. Further, an optimization algorithm using the overhead line voltage Vs of the train line 93 as an evaluation function is executed to generate charge / discharge control characteristics. As a result, it is possible to generate charge / discharge control characteristics that are more suitable for the operation status of the train.

  Further, in the control mode 2, charge / discharge control is performed using charge / discharge control characteristics that can always obtain a constant charge / discharge effect in any load state such as a quiet time or a rush time. On the other hand, when the self-supporting determination unit 21 determines that the charge / discharge effect by the control mode 1 is not effective, the control mode 1 is switched to the control mode 2. As a result, even when the charging / discharging effect cannot be sufficiently obtained in the control mode 1, by switching to the control mode 2, it is possible to avoid a significant deterioration in the charging / discharging control of the power storage system 1.

  Therefore, the power storage system 1 is provided with two control modes, a control mode 1 in which charge / discharge control characteristics change according to a time zone or a load state, and a versatile control mode 2, so that the power storage system 1 responds to the operation status of the train. Can be effectively charged and discharged on the train line.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the control unit 2A of the power storage system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  2 A of control parts are the structures which replaced the charging / discharging control characteristic production | generation part 22 with 22 A of charging / discharging control characteristic generation parts in the control part 2 which concerns on 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22A according to the present embodiment.

  In the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the charge / discharge control characteristic generation unit 22A controls the setting point STA instead of the refraction point parameter generation unit 222A instead of the refraction point parameter generation unit 222A. The mode 1A is set.

  The generation of the refraction point parameter PRA in the refraction point parameter generation unit 222A when the control mode 1A is selected by the control mode switching unit 221 will be described.

  FIG. 18 is a data diagram showing time-series data DT set in the refraction point parameter generation unit 222A according to the present embodiment. FIG. 18 shows an example of a feeding system with a direct current of 1500 [V].

  As shown in FIG. 18, set values of the parameters Va, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve, Vf, Iolim, and Icrim of the charge / discharge control characteristics shown in FIG. 5 are set in time series. Here, the voltage Va is set to the constant voltage protection set value of the train, and the voltage Vf is set to the same value as the regeneration narrowing end voltage.

  The refraction point parameter generation unit 222A uses the set values of the parameters Va, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve, Vf, Iolim, and Icrim corresponding to the current time (time zone) as the refraction point parameter PRA according to the time series data DT. Generate. The refraction point parameter generation unit 222A outputs the refraction point parameter PRA determined according to the time series data DT to the charge / discharge control unit 24.

  In the refraction point parameter generation unit 222A, a refraction point parameter PRA is set so as to have charge / discharge control characteristics suitable for a charge / discharge control purpose in a load state estimated by time (train schedule, etc.). Therefore, if the train 90 is operated according to the train schedule, charge / discharge control of the power storage system 1 is effectively performed. For example, the refraction point parameter PRA is set to be the charge / discharge control shown in FIG.

  According to the present embodiment, in place of the control mode 1 in the first embodiment, the control mode 1A that does not require information from the operation management system or the like is set, thereby performing complete control within the power storage system 1. be able to. Thereby, even if it does not connect with a distant monitoring control apparatus, the effect similar to 1st Embodiment can be acquired.

  In addition, although each embodiment demonstrated the electrical storage system 1 applied to the electric power system of an electric railway, it is good also as a structure applied to a three-phase alternating current power system. For example, a control mode in which charging / discharging is performed by estimating a load state of the power storage system 1 and a control mode in which charging / discharging is performed so that both charging and discharging can always be supported are provided. By determining and switching between these two control modes, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained even in a three-phase AC power system. In addition, a configuration including a control mode in which charging / discharging is performed by changing a control purpose (charging or discharging) according to a time zone, and a control mode in which charging / discharging is performed so that both charging and discharging can always be supported By doing so, the same effect as the second embodiment can be obtained.

  In each embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, feeder input energy is used as an index (plan value PL and actual value RE) used for determination by the self-supporting determination unit 21, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the index used by the independence determination unit 21 for the determination may be the energy that the power storage device 3 charges from the train line 93 or the charge / discharge power of the power storage device 3. Moreover, you may evaluate similarly not only with charging / discharging results but with SOC results. In the power storage system 1, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, in order to control the output current Iout of the power storage device 3 on the voltage-current plane, an optimal current command value I * is always given to the converter of the power storage device 3. There is no need. Therefore, the self-supporting determination part 21 can determine effectively whether the driving | operation along the charging / discharging plan has been performed by evaluating with a SOC performance.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment, although it was set as the structure which carries out charging / discharging control of the electrical storage apparatus 3 by two control modes, you may provide three or more control modes. Further, the self-supporting determination unit 21 may select and switch among three or more control modes according to the determination result.

  Moreover, in each embodiment, the method of determining the effect of the charge / discharge control by the self-supporting determination unit 21 is not limited to the described method, and may be determined by another method.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment, in order to prevent an abrupt change in the input / output current of the power storage systems 1, 1 </ b> A, a current change amount mitigation unit may be provided to moderate the current change amount.

  In each embodiment, the control mode switching unit 221 may prevent the control mode from being switched again if a predetermined time has not elapsed after switching the control mode.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, various types of information used for calculating the refraction point parameter PR in the control mode 1 are not limited to those described. For example, the various types of information include the number of rectifiers operated at the substation, the output current or feeder voltage measured at the substation, the SOC of other power storage systems connected to the same feeder (power system), or other The input / output current to the feeder or the feeder voltage measured by the power storage system 1 may be used.

  In addition, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power storage system, 2 ... Control part, 3 ... Power storage device, 4 ... Voltage detector, 5 ... Current detector, 10 ... DC power supply system, 11 ... TCR, 12 ... Transmission path, 90 ... Train, 91 ... Transformer , 92 ... Rectifier, 93 ... Train line.

Claims (11)

Power storage means connected to the power system;
Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage of the power system;
First charge / discharge control characteristic generating means for generating a first charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means based on time;
Second charge / discharge control characteristic generating means for generating a second charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means so as to correspond to both charging and discharging;
Using the first charge / discharge control characteristic generated by the first charge / discharge control characteristic generation means or the second charge / discharge control characteristic generated by the second charge / discharge control characteristic generation means, Charge / discharge control means for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means based on the voltage measured by the voltage measurement means;
Determining means for determining whether charging / discharging of the power storage means is effective;
A power storage system comprising charge / discharge control characteristic switching means for switching charge / discharge control characteristics used for the charge / discharge control means when the determination means determines that charging / discharging of the power storage means is not effective. . The power storage system according to claim 1, wherein the power system is an electric railway power system. Power storage means connected to the power system;
Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage of the power system;
Load information acquisition means for acquiring load information for estimating a load state of the power system;
First charge / discharge control characteristic generation means for generating a first charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means based on the load information acquired by the load information acquisition means;
Second charge / discharge control characteristic generating means for generating a second charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means so as to correspond to both charging and discharging;
Using the first charge / discharge control characteristic generated by the first charge / discharge control characteristic generation means or the second charge / discharge control characteristic generated by the second charge / discharge control characteristic generation means, Charge / discharge control means for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means based on the voltage measured by the voltage measurement means;
Determining means for determining whether charging / discharging of the power storage means is effective;
A power storage system comprising charge / discharge control characteristic switching means for switching charge / discharge control characteristics used for the charge / discharge control means when the determination means determines that charging / discharging of the power storage means is not effective. . The power storage system according to claim 3, wherein the power system is an electric railway power system. The power storage system according to claim 4, wherein the load information acquisition unit acquires an amount of electricity related to the power system as the load information. The power storage system according to claim 4, wherein the load information acquisition unit acquires a charge state of another power storage unit connected to the power system as the load information. The power storage system according to claim 4, wherein the load information acquisition unit acquires information relating to a train schedule as the load information. The power storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the determination unit makes a determination based on a comparison between an amount of electricity of the power storage unit and a past actual value. The power storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the determination unit determines based on a comparison between a charged state of the power storage unit and a target charged state. A control method for controlling a power storage device connected to an electric power system,
Measure the voltage of the power system,
Based on the time, a first charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage device is generated,
Generating a second charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage device so that both charge and discharge are supported;
Based on the measured voltage using the generated first charge / discharge control characteristic or the generated second charge / discharge control characteristic, the charge / discharge of the power storage device is controlled,
Determine whether charging and discharging of the power storage device is effective,
A method for controlling a power storage device, comprising: switching charge / discharge control characteristics used for controlling the power storage device when it is determined that charging / discharging of the power storage device is not effective. A control method for controlling a power storage device connected to an electric power system,
Measure the voltage of the power system,
Obtaining load information for estimating a load state of the power system;
Based on the acquired load information, a first charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage means is generated,
Generating a second charge / discharge control characteristic for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage device so that both charge and discharge are supported;
Based on the measured voltage using the generated first charge / discharge control characteristic or the generated second charge / discharge control characteristic, the charge / discharge of the power storage device is controlled,
Determine whether charging and discharging of the power storage device is effective,
A method for controlling a power storage device, comprising: switching charge / discharge control characteristics used for controlling the power storage device when it is determined that charging / discharging of the power storage device is not effective.

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