JP2012102903A - Laser emitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To securely prevent an eye disorder, in security devices for threatening/capturing by firing a net or for jetting/firing a lachrymator/coloring agent, or firearms such as a launcher of a rubber bullet and a rifle, the disorder being caused by a laser beam that is emitted to a target etc. from a laser emitting device used for sight of such devices or practice.SOLUTION: The laser emitting apparatus includes: a laser device 10 including any of lasers 11 belonging to class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, or 3B of JIS C 6802 (a safety standard of laser products); and an optical system 20 for converting a laser beam output from the laser 11 into an expanded laser beam.

Description

  The present invention, for example, in a crime prevention device that fires a net to intimidate and capture, a crime prevention device that jets and fires tears and coloring agents, and a firearm such as a rubber bullet launcher and a rifle The present invention relates to a laser light emitting device capable of reliably preventing an eye failure due to laser light emitted from a laser light emitting device used toward a target.

  Conventionally, for example, in a crime prevention device that fires a net to intimidate and capture, a crime prevention device that injects and fires tears and colorants, and a firearm such as a rubber bullet launcher or a rifle, the laser is used for aiming and practice. The use of a ray launcher is underway.

  The laser beam has good visibility, and the light reaches a long distance in proportion to the laser beam output. This is because there is no problem even if the output of the laser beam is large because the target as a practice table is a paper target or a plate target.

  For example, Patent Document 1 includes a laser beam launcher that fits inside the gun barrel and irradiates the laser beam so that the gun axis line can be grasped and the aiming practice can be performed without firing a bullet. And that it can be adjusted.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a laser beam launcher is attached to the outside of the gun barrel, and the laser beam is irradiated to grasp the axis of the gun and practice aiming without firing a bullet. It is disclosed. According to Patent Document 2, in training, an enemy can grasp that an accurate aiming and shooting have been performed by attaching a laser light receiving unit to the head or chest.

JP-T 9-511826 JP 9-512625 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, it is important to practice the crime prevention apparatus by actually determining the criminal role and confronting the criminal role. When the criminal role is irradiated with a laser beam, there is a risk of damaging the eyes depending on the output of the laser beam. That is, with a laser pointer or the like, only a laser of class 2 (JIS C 6802 laser product safety standard) is allowed to be marketed and should not be directed toward a person.

  Therefore, it is possible to protect the eyes with sunglasses and light-shielding glasses in advance, but there is a risk that the glasses will come off in a fighting state because it is a crime prevention training.

  In training using the criminal role (enemy role) to prevent damage to the eyes, a laser beam receiver is attached to the head, chest, and back of the criminal role, and it is safe to go into the eyes. Training using laser beams has been conducted. This is an indirect practice (shooting the net or colorant towards the criminal role), but the laser beam is almost invisible in the first place, and whether or not it is surely aimed at the target. Because the archer does not know, it lacks concreteness.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, training using an actual crime prevention apparatus and actually launching a net and a colorant greatly improves the proficiency, but there is a problem that costs are increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve such conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a laser light emitting device capable of reliably preventing eye damage caused by laser light.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a laser device including a laser of any of class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (laser product safety standards), and laser light output from the laser. And an optical system for converting the laser beam into a spread laser beam.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser apparatus including a laser of any one of classes 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (laser product safety standards) and laser light output from the laser. And an optical system that deflects the light beam into a conical beam.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser device including a laser of any one of classes 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (laser product safety standards) and laser light output from the laser. And an optical system that diffracts the light into a plurality of beams.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the laser light emitting device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the space between the laser device and the optical system can be adjusted.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the laser light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the laser is any one of classes 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products). It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the laser light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the laser is any one of classes 2, 3R and 3B of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products). It is characterized by being.

  According to the present invention, for example, in a crime prevention device that fires a net to intimidate and capture, a crime prevention device that injects and fires tears and colorants, and a firearm such as a rubber bullet launcher and a rifle, It is possible to surely prevent eye damage such as a target due to laser light emitted from a laser light emitting device used for practice.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent a human eye from passing or blocking a laser beam emitted from a laser light emitting device.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the laser light-emitting device concerning 1st embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example using the concave lens which converts the laser beam into the spread laser beam. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example using the convex lens which converts a laser beam into the spread laser beam. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which spreads a laser beam using the laser light-emitting device of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the laser light-emitting device which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which disperse | distributes a laser beam using the laser light-emitting device of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the diffraction grating used for the laser light-emitting apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the usage example of the laser light-emitting device of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a laser light emitting device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  The laser light emitting device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a laser device 10 and an optical system 20 that converts laser light into spread laser light.

  The laser device 10 includes a laser 11, a laser drive circuit 13, a switch 15, a battery 17, and a housing 19.

  As the laser 11, any one of JIS C 6802 (laser product safety standards) class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B lasers can be used. In the following description, it will be described simply as class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B. A visible light laser is generated from the laser 11. As the laser 11, for example, a solid laser, a liquid laser, a gas laser, a chemical laser, or a semiconductor laser can be used. A semiconductor laser that is small and light, consumes less power, and is easy to handle is preferable.

  As the laser 11, a laser having a wavelength such as red or green can be used. As the type of laser light, either a continuous light emission type or a pulse light emission type can be used. In view of power consumption, heat generation, and life, a pulse emission type is desirable. Laser light output of class 4 or lower can be used.

  The laser driving circuit 13 receives power from the battery 17 via the switch 15 and supplies necessary power to the laser 11. Generation of laser light can be performed using both a continuous light emission type circuit and an intermittent type circuit that suppresses battery consumption, suppresses temperature rise of the semiconductor laser, and extends the life. An intermittent circuit is suitable for suppressing battery consumption. The intermittent circuit, like many optical devices and televisions, blinks at a speed indistinguishable by the human eye and appears to shine continuously. Power can be reduced for the amount of time that the lights are off.

  The switch 15 supplies the power of the battery 17 to the laser drive circuit 13. It may be interlocked with a trigger of a device to be mounted or may be independent.

  When the laser device 10 uses a semiconductor laser as the laser 11, a setting unit that sets the amount of light of the semiconductor laser and a control unit that controls the semiconductor laser to emit light at a set value set by the setting unit. It can also comprise so that.

  The optical system 20 that converts the laser beam into a spread laser beam is a material having a refractive index such as glass or PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) and having a good optical laser transmittance. Any of them can be used.

  The optical output of the laser (semiconductor laser) 11 is a parallel light beam. The optical system 20 that converts the laser beam into a spread laser beam uses the lens 21 to convert the laser beam into a fan-shaped laser beam.

  As the type of the lens 21, a concave lens or a convex lens can be used. The material of the lens 21 can be plastic or glass.

  FIG. 2 shows a case where a concave lens 21 a is used as the lens 21.

  A parallel laser beam (laser beam) 11 a is generated from the laser device 10. The laser beam 11b is spread by the concave lens 21a. If this is irradiated to a wall, a criminal role, etc., the extended laser beam irradiation area 11c will be obtained.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where a convex lens 21 b is used as the lens 21.

  A parallel laser beam (laser beam) 11 a is generated from the laser device 10. The laser beam 11d is spread by the convex lens 21b. If this is irradiated to a wall, a criminal role, etc., the extended laser beam irradiation area 11c will be obtained.

  The convex lens 21b is preferable because it is easy to adjust the size of the irradiation area 11c.

  When a screw or the like that can finely adjust the distance between the convex lens 21b and the laser device 10 is provided, the spread of the laser light 11d can be easily adjusted.

  In the present embodiment, the size of the spread laser irradiation area 11 c is set by the light output of the laser device 10.

  If it is a class 1 and 1M laser 11, it will expand to a diameter of about 10 mm to 20 mm at a position 2 m away.

  In the case of the class 2 and 2M laser 11, the diameter is enlarged to about 15 mm to 40 mm at a position 2 m away.

  In the case of the laser 3 of class 3R, 3B, the diameter is enlarged to about 22 mm to 32 mm, preferably about 32 mm to 124 mm at a position 2 m away.

  Table 1 below summarizes this condition.

  In the table, the laser beam power will be described.

  Strictly speaking, the laser light power corresponding to the class of the laser transmitter is expressed in various ways depending on the wavelength and the laser oscillation method.

  Among the commercially available lasers, those having the largest laser light power in the class are used as a guide. Of course, those of the same class with low laser light power are safe for the human body.

  Next, each class will be described from the viewpoint of expanding the laser beam in consideration of eye safety.

For class 1, 1M:
Since the diameter of the laser light beam is about 1 mm to ² mm, the area irradiated with the laser is 0.785 mm ^{2 to} 3.14 mm ² . Temporarily, the average is 2 mm ² .

Human pupil is contracted by the ambient brightness, if 7mm its diameter takes the maximum diameter of the human body of the pupil of the dark area of the pupil becomes 38.465mm ² ≒ 40mm ^2.

  If the laser is viewed directly, the laser beam of the irradiation field having a diameter of only about 2 mm is smaller than the diameter of the pupil (= the irradiation field is smaller than the area of the pupil), and therefore enters the eyeball as it is and reaches the retina.

When the diameter is increased to 10 mm, the area irradiated with the laser is 78.5 mm ² , which is 78.5 / 40 = 1.96 times the pupil area.

When the diameter is increased to 20 mm, the area irradiated with the laser is 314 mm ² , which is 314/40 = 7.85 times the area of the pupil.

  That is, the irradiation field is sufficiently larger than the pupil.

The laser beam expanded to a diameter of 10 mm can enter only about 51% (40 mm ² /78.5 mm ² ) in a pupil having a diameter of 7 mm.

Laser light spread in a 20mm diameter, since substantially greater than the pupil diameter 7 mm, 10% strength light incident (40mm ² / 314mm ²⁾ can only incident.

  Even if the power of the original laser beam is 1 mW, which is the upper limit of the class 1 standard, when the optical system 20 is enlarged, only light corresponding to 0.5 mW to 0.1 mW can be incident.

For classes 2 and 2M:
The area irradiated with the laser is 0.785 mm ^{2 to} 3.14 mm ² . Average 2 mm ² .

When the diameter is increased to 15 mm, the area irradiated with the laser is 177 mm ² , which is 177/40 = 4.425 times the area of the pupil.

When the diameter is increased to 40 mm, the area irradiated with the laser becomes 1256 mm ² , which is 1256/40 = 31.4 times the area of the pupil.

Since the laser was originally an irradiation field having an area of 2 mm ² , the area of the irradiation field was expanded from about 90 times to 630 times.

Laser light spread in a 15mm diameter, the light entering into the pupil of 7mm diameter, about ^{23% (40mm 2 / 177mm 2} ), widened laser diameter 40 mm, in the pupil of 7mm diameter light incident on is about ^{3% (40mm 2 / 1256mm 2} ).

  Even if the power of the original laser beam is 3 mW which is the upper limit of the class 2 standard, only light substantially corresponding to 0.69 mW to 0.09 mW can be incident.

About classes 3R and 3B:
With a 10 mW class 3R, 3B laser, the diameter is 22.6 mm or more, which is 10 times the area of the maximum pupil area (40 mm ² ), and is preferably greatly enlarged to 32 mm or more, which is 20 times the area. . Further, for safety reasons, the diameter should be 124 mm or more, which is 300 times the maximum pupil area.

  Speaking on the safe side, the larger the beam diameter, the safer it is, but it is not preferable because the light becomes weak and difficult to recognize.

  Next, the operation of the laser light emitting device 1 according to this embodiment will be described.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the laser light 11b spreads even when the laser light emitting device 1 according to the present embodiment is attached to the aiming / training device 30 and laser irradiation is performed toward the face of the person T serving as a criminal. Since the size of the laser irradiation area 11c is sufficiently larger than the size of the human pupil, and its optical output is also reduced in inverse proportion to the square of the spread laser beam diameter, it is possible to safely aim at the eyes. .

  FIG. 5 shows a laser light emitting apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The laser light emitting device 1A according to the present embodiment is different from the laser light emitting device 1 according to the first embodiment in that the diffraction system 25 is used as the optical system 20 that spreads the laser light that converts the laser light into the spread laser light. To do.

  FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the diffraction grating 25 and the laser device 10. As the diffraction grating 25, a diffraction grating that is crossed in a cross shape of visible light is used.

  FIG. 7 shows the principle of the diffraction grating.

  When the laser beam 11a emitted from the laser device 10 passes through the diffraction grating 25, it is dispersed as +1, +2, +3, +4, -1, -2, -3, and -4. If crossed diffraction gratings 25 are used, they are dispersed in a lattice shape. If the distance between the grating and the target is L, the period of the interference fringes is D, and L is sufficiently large with respect to the grating period d, the approximation can be expressed as D = λ · L / d, and the period D of the interference fringes is It can be seen that it is proportional to the reciprocal of the grating period d and the grating-screen distance L.

  Therefore, the period d of the diffraction grating 25 is determined so as to spread to an appropriate size from the period D and number of stripe patterns (laser dots) at the target position and the laser wavelength λ.

  As the material of the diffraction grating 25, glass, plastic, or the like can be used. The grating period is preferably about 10 to 2000 per mm when using a green or red laser. Of these, about 100 to 600 are preferable.

  In this multi-beam case, the laser relations are all the same.

  In the case of a class 1 laser, the laser separation to about 3 × 3 is good.

  In the case of a class 2 laser, separation of the laser into 5 × 5 is good.

  In the case of a class 3 laser, separation of the laser into about 10 × 10 is good.

  The operation of the laser light emitting device 1A according to this embodiment will be described.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, even if the laser light emitting device 1A according to the present embodiment is attached to the aiming / training device 30 and laser irradiation is performed toward the face of the person T who acts as a criminal, the laser light 11a is a diffraction grating. It is diffracted by 25, divided into several to several tens and spread and irradiated. The optical output is also reduced to a fraction of a fraction to a fraction of a fraction, so that the eye can be safely aimed.

  Next, based on FIG. 8, a distance measuring device 35 is attached to the laser light emitting device 1 shown in FIG. 1, and laser light (a very weak laser (mostly invisible laser) that only measures the distance) / ultrasonic wave is used. An example in which the distance to the target (criminal, criminal role) T is measured using microwaves will be described.

  When the laser device 10 is activated, the laser beam 11b spread by the optical system 20 is irradiated in a conical shape toward the target (criminal, criminal role) T, and the effective range distance is measured by measuring the distance. I can practice.

  As the distance measuring device 35, any device that can measure the distance to the target (criminal, criminal role) T can be used. As the measuring method, any laser beam (eye-safe laser, weak laser, invisible laser) can be used. Any ultrasonic wave can be used. Any microwave can be used.

  Any output can be used as long as it does not affect the human body.

  For example, when the measurement range is applied to a security device, any range can be used as long as it can cover the minimum and maximum effective range of the security device.

  The direction can be determined as long as it can detect a stationary state and a moving state. Among these, those capable of detecting movement in the direction of leaving and in the direction of approach are desirable. Furthermore, it is more desirable if it can detect the movement in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

  In the embodiment described above, the laser is described at a position 2 m away, but the shortest position may be 1 m or more, preferably 2 m or more. For example, if class 2 or lower is used for the laser 11, the shortest position may be 0 m.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where a laser beam was disperse | distributed using the diffraction grating 25, this invention is not limited to this, For example, optical transmittance | permeability of laser, such as glass and PMMA, is good. Any material having an interference groove capable of diffracting laser light inside or on the surface can be used. The interference groove is more preferably a material in which two or more grooves intersect at an angle.

  Further, in the above embodiment, for example, in a crime prevention device that fires a net to intimidate and capture, a crime prevention device that injects and fires tears and colorants, and a firearm such as a rubber bullet launcher or a rifle, The laser light emitting device that can reliably prevent eye damage caused by the laser light emitted from the laser light emitting device used for practice toward the target has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, The present invention can also be applied as a sensor installed for sensing or measuring a person passing through a gate or the like. Even in such a case, even when a laser beam is emitted toward a human when the human passes or blocks, it is possible to reliably prevent an eye failure.

1,1A Laser Emitting Device 10 Laser Device 10
11 Laser 11a Parallel laser beam (laser beam)
11b Laser beam 11c spread by concave lens 21a Laser beam irradiation area 11d spread by laser beam 13 Laser drive circuit 15 Switch 17 Battery 20 Optical system 21 Lens 21a Concave lens 21b Convex lens 25 Diffraction grating 30 Aiming / training device T Target (criminal, criminal role)

Claims (6)

A laser device including a laser of any one of class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B, and 4 of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products);
An optical system for converting a laser beam output from the laser into a spread laser beam. A laser device including a laser of any one of class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B, and 4 of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products);
An optical system for deflecting laser light output from the laser into a conical beam. A laser device including a laser of any of Class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products);
An optical system that diffracts laser light output from the laser into a plurality of beams. The laser light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The laser light emitting device can be adjusted between the laser device and the optical system. In the laser light-emitting device in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The laser is a laser emitting device according to any one of classes 2, 2M, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products). In the laser light-emitting device in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The laser is any one of classes 2, 3R, and 3B of JIS C 6802 (safety standards for laser products).

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