JP2012100420A - Energy management system and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently operate a power generation system.SOLUTION: A supply of surplus power generated by the power generation system is regulated on the basis of a power stored in a power storage unit 40, a generated power predicted by a generated power prediction section 33 in consideration of heat energy stored in a heat storage unit 50, and a power consumption predicted by a power consumption prediction section 63. Air conditioning using surplus power is performed on the basis of environmental information acquired by an environmental information acquisition unit. Surplus power can thus be used efficiently.

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy management system and a program, and more particularly to an energy management system for efficiently using energy generated by a power generation means and a program used for a control computer of the energy management system.

With recent global warming and the development of economic industries that are progressing on a global scale, efforts aimed at reducing CO ₂ emissions or reducing energy consumption are regarded as important. From such a background, a distributed power generation system typified by a solar power generation system has come into wide use in apartment houses and detached houses.

  The operating time and power generation of this type of distributed power generation system depend on the weather and other factors. For this reason, it may be difficult for the distributed power generation system to supply power in response to a user request. In addition, if the spread of distributed power generation systems expands, the amount of power flowing in the power system increases and the power system may become unstable.

  Various techniques for stably and efficiently operating a distributed power generation system have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3888853 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-300428

  The apparatus described in Patent Document 1 compares the energy demand predicted based on the history and the like with the actual energy demand. When the difference between the two is small, an energy supply source such as a photovoltaic power generation system or a fuel cell is controlled based on a preset schedule. On the other hand, when the difference between the actual energy demand and the predicted energy demand is large, the energy supply source is controlled according to the actual energy demand. By using this device, the energy supply source can be efficiently operated, and even when the load fluctuates unexpectedly, the energy can be supplied without delay.

  However, fluctuations in the output of distributed power generation systems represented by solar power generation systems and wind power generation systems do not necessarily synchronize with fluctuations in energy demand. For this reason, the system which stores the output from these electric power generation systems in a certain form is needed. In this case, it is necessary to operate the power generation system in consideration of the stored energy.

  Moreover, the apparatus of patent document 2 monitors the output of each energy supply source installed in the dwelling unit, and the energy consumption in a dwelling unit. And based on the monitored result, the optimal operation method of each energy supply source is proposed. As a result, the operator can efficiently operate the energy supply source.

  However, even if this apparatus is used, the operation of the energy supply source is ultimately left to the operator. For this reason, control of the energy supply source is based on human intuition, and the proposed operation method is not necessarily realized.

  The present invention has been made under the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to efficiently use the energy by adjusting the output of the energy supplied from the power generation system while considering the accumulated energy. And

In order to achieve the above object, an energy management system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes:
Power generation means installed in the dwelling unit;
Generated power measuring means for measuring the power generated by the power generating means;
Based on the history of the power generated by the power generation means, the generated power prediction means for predicting the power generated by the power generation means,
Power storage means for storing the power generated by the power generation means;
A storage amount measuring means for measuring the amount of power stored in the storage means;
A consumer device that consumes the power;
Power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Power consumption predicting means for predicting power consumption consumed by the consumer device based on a history of power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Power selling means for causing the power to flow in the power system;
Control means for adjusting the power supplied to the power storage means based on the prediction result of the generated power prediction means, the prediction result of the power consumption prediction means, and the measurement result of the power storage amount measurement means;
Have

The program according to the second aspect of the present invention is:
In the control computer of the energy management system of the present invention,
A procedure for predicting the power generated by the power generation means based on the history of the power generated by the power generation means;
A procedure for predicting power consumption consumed by the consumer device based on a history of power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Adjusting the power supplied to the power storage means and the power selling means based on the predicted power generated by the power generation means and the predicted power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Is executed.

  According to the present invention, the power supplied to the power storage means and the power selling means is adjusted based on the predicted generated power and the predicted power consumption while taking into account the amount of power stored in the power storage means. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently use the power generated by the power generation system.

It is a block diagram of the energy management system concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the electric equipment installed in the dwelling unit. It is a figure which shows the curve showing the relationship between generated electric power and time. It is a figure which shows the graph showing the electric power generation amount per hour. It is a figure for demonstrating the procedure which estimates generated electric power. It is a block diagram of a control unit. It is a block diagram of the energy management system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the electric equipment installed in the dwelling unit.

<< First Embodiment >>
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an energy management system 10 according to the present embodiment. This energy management system 10 is a system for efficiently using generated power generated by a distributed power generation system in consideration of a load state and a battery unit that stores electrical energy. As shown in FIG. 1, the energy management system 10 includes a control unit 20, a power generation system 30, a power storage unit 40, a heat storage unit 50, a power consumption device 61, a power consumption meter 62, a power consumption prediction unit 63, and a power sale unit. 71.

  The power generation system 30 includes a solar cell panel 31, a power generation meter 32, and a generated power prediction unit 33.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of electrical devices installed in the dwelling unit 100. As can be seen with reference to FIG. 2, the solar cell panel 31 is disposed on the roof of the dwelling unit 100. This solar cell panel 31 is connected to an electric power system through a converter (not shown).

  Returning to FIG. 1, the power generation meter 32 measures the instantaneous value of the power generated by the solar battery panel 31 and supplied to the power system, and the amount of power per unit time. Then, information regarding the measurement result is transmitted to the control unit 20 and the generated power prediction unit 33.

  The generated power prediction unit 33 has a nonvolatile memory, and stores information transmitted from the generated power meter 32 in time series. FIG. 3 shows a curve S1 representing the relationship between the generated power generated by the solar cell panel 31 and the time. The generated power prediction unit 33 stores information related to the instantaneous value of power transmitted from the power generation meter 32 in time series, so that data including a numerical value t indicating time and a numerical value p indicating power value ( t, p) is accumulated.

  FIG. 4 shows a bar graph representing the amount of generated power per hour generated by the solar cell panel 31. The generated power prediction unit 33 stores information on the generated power amount per hour transmitted from the generated power meter 32 in time series, so that the generated power amount from time t to 1 hour after time t is generated. Data (t, P) consisting of P is accumulated.

  The generated power prediction unit 33 receives information on the current generated power and the amount of generated power transmitted from the generated power meter 32. Based on the current time, the current generated power and the amount of generated power, and the accumulated data (t, P) and data (t, P), the generated power generated by the solar panel 31 is predicted. To do.

  Various statistical methods can be used to predict the generated power. In this case, it can be predicted more accurately as the history of generated power in the past increases. In addition, more accurate prediction is possible by adding weather information. For example, FIG. 5 shows a power transition curve S2 that is statistically derived from the history of generated power in the past. As shown in FIG. 5, when the generated power at time 9:00 is approximately W, the generated power prediction unit 33 indicates that the generated power substantially follows the power transition curve S1 after time 9:00. Predict that it will change.

  When the generated power prediction unit 33 predicts the transition of the generated power, the generated power prediction unit 33 transmits information on the prediction result to the control unit 20.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the power storage unit 40 includes a battery unit 41 and a power storage meter 42. The battery unit 41 stores power generated by the power generation system 30 and supplied via the control unit 20. Further, the electricity storage meter 42 measures the amount of power stored in the battery unit 41. Then, the measurement result is notified to the control unit 20.

  The heat storage unit 50 includes a water heater 51 and a heat storage meter 52. The water heater 51 is a device that generates hot water used in the dwelling unit 100. The water heater 51 has a water storage tank in which a certain amount of tap water is stored. And the electric power supplied via the control unit 20 is utilized, and the water in a water storage tank is heated and hold | maintained. Thereby, the heat energy generated by converting the electric power is stored. The amount of heat energy stored in the water heater 51 is measured by the heat storage meter 52 and notified to the control unit 20.

  The power consuming device 61 is a home appliance such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a television, and a washing machine used in the dwelling unit 100. In the energy management system 10, power is supplied to the power consuming device 61 used in the dwelling unit 100 via a common core breaker. Therefore, the electric power utilized by the dwelling unit 100 whole can be measured by measuring the electric current and voltage in a core breaker.

  The power consumption meter 62 measures the power used by the power consuming device 61. And the information regarding a measurement result is transmitted to the control unit 20 and the power consumption estimation part 63. FIG.

  The power consumption prediction unit 63 has a nonvolatile memory and stores information transmitted from the power consumption meter 62 in time series. The power consumption prediction unit 63 stores information related to the instantaneous value of power transmitted from the power consumption meter 62 in time series, whereby data including a numerical value t indicating time and a numerical value w indicating power value ( t, w) are accumulated.

  The power consumption prediction unit 63 receives information regarding the current power consumption transmitted from the power consumption meter 62. Then, based on the current time, the current power consumption, and the accumulated data (t, w), the transition of the power consumption consumed by the power consuming device 61 is predicted. Then, information regarding the prediction result is transmitted to the control unit 20.

  The power sale unit 71 negotiates with the electric power company about the unit price (yen / Kwh) of the power sale power, and determines the unit price of the power sale power. The unit price of electric power sold is expected to change in the subdivided time zone in the future due to the change in the balance of power supply and demand. For this reason, when calculating the economic balance, it is necessary to evaluate the unit price of electric power sales in time series. From the viewpoint described above, the power sale unit 71 negotiates with the power company about the unit price of the sold power, and determines the unit price of the sold power.

  When the power sale unit 71 determines the unit price of the sold power, the power sale unit 71 causes the power supplied via the control unit 20 to flow to the power system 80.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control system of the control unit 20. As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 20a, a main storage unit 20b, an auxiliary storage unit 20c, an interface unit 20d, and a system bus 20e that interconnects the above units. Yes.

  The CPU 20a executes predetermined processing to be described later according to a program stored in the auxiliary storage unit 20c.

  The main storage unit 20b includes a RAM (Random Access Memory) and the like. The main storage unit 20b is used as a work area for the CPU 20a.

  The auxiliary storage unit 20c includes a nonvolatile memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk, and a semiconductor memory. The auxiliary storage unit 20c stores a program for executing processing to be described later, parameters, and the like.

  The interface unit 20d has a serial interface or an analog interface for receiving an analog signal. Information transmitted from the power generation meter 32, the power generation prediction unit 33, the power consumption meter 62, the power consumption prediction unit 63, and the power storage amount meter 42 is received by the interface unit 20d and notified to the CPU 20a via the system bus 20e. Is done.

  The control unit 20 configured as described above has the power supplied to the power storage unit 40 and the power supplied to the power selling unit 71 based on information transmitted from the generated power prediction unit 33, the power consumption prediction unit 63, and the like. Make adjustments. In addition, when the control unit 20 determines that the power consumed by the power consuming device 61 cannot be provided only by the power generated by the power generation system 30, the control unit 20 uses the power system 80 via the power receiving unit 72. Receive power. Then, the received power is supplied to the power consuming device 61.

  For example, the control unit 20 monitors the outputs from the electricity storage meter 42 and the heat storage meter 52. And when there is a margin in the amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 40 and the amount of heat stored in the heat storage unit 50 and power consumption is expected to increase in the future, surplus power is preferentially supplied to the electricity storage unit 40 and the heat storage unit 50. . The surplus power means the remaining power after the generated power is supplied to the power consuming device 61.

  As a result, power storage for complementing the increase in power consumption is executed with priority over power sales. Therefore, even if the power consumption increases in the future, it is possible to cover the increased power consumption with the stored power.

  In addition, heat storage of thermal energy generated by converting surplus power supplied to the heat storage unit 50 is executed with priority over power sales. Therefore, after the power consumption increases, the power consumed by the water heater 51 can be suppressed. For this reason, the electric energy taken in from a system | strain can be reduced.

  When the power consumption is expected to decrease, the control unit 20 reduces the surplus power supplied to the power storage unit 40 and the heat storage unit 50 and preferentially supplies the surplus power to the power selling unit 71. As a result, surplus power can be sold without waste while suppressing power loss that occurs when power is stored in the power storage unit 40 and power loss that occurs when surplus power is converted into thermal energy and stored in the heat storage unit 50.

  If the power consumption amount consumed by the power consuming device 61 is expected to be less than the power amount stored in the power storage unit 40 between the current time and after a predetermined period has elapsed, the control unit 20 Electric power is supplied to the power selling unit 71. Thereby, surplus electric power can be sold efficiently.

  In addition, when the control unit 20 is expected that the amount of power consumed by the power consuming device 61 from the current time until the predetermined period has elapsed is greater than the amount of power generated by the power generation means, The supply of surplus power to the power selling unit 71 is stopped. Thereby, surplus power is preferentially stored in the power storage unit 40. Further, the heat energy generated by converting the surplus power is preferentially stored in the heat storage unit 50.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the generated power predicted by the generated power prediction unit 33 while taking into account the power stored in the power storage unit 40 and the thermal energy stored in the heat storage unit 50, and the power consumption Based on the power consumption predicted by the prediction unit 63, the supply of surplus power is adjusted. This makes it possible to efficiently use surplus power.

<< Second Embodiment >>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the structure which is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, or equivalent, an equivalent code | symbol is used.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an energy management system 10A according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an arrangement of devices constituting the energy management system 10A. As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the energy management system 10 </ b> A according to the present embodiment includes an environment information acquisition unit 73 that acquires environment information of the room 100 </ b> A of the dwelling unit 100. Moreover, it has the underfloor heat storage system 61A, the electric window 61B, and the electric shutter 61C as electric power consumption apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the underfloor heat storage system 61A includes a duct 91 for circulating air between the room 100A and the underfloor 100B, a circulation fan 92 disposed inside the duct 91, ceramics, and the like. The heat storage material 93 is provided. In the underfloor heat storage system 61A, for example, when the circulation fan 92 rotates forward, the air inside the room 100A is supplied to 100B. When the circulation fan 92 is reversed, the air under the floor 100B is supplied to the room 100A.

  The electric window 61B and the electric shutter 61C have a drive motor. The control unit 20 can open and close the electric window 61B and the electric shutter 61C by driving the drive motor.

  The environment information acquisition unit 73 measures the temperature, humidity, and ventilation rate of the room 100 </ b> A, and transmits information related to the measurement result to the control unit 20.

  Based on the environmental information notified from the environmental information acquisition unit 73, the control unit 20 drives the underfloor heat storage system 61A, the electric window 61B, and the electric shutter 61C with surplus power.

  For example, on a sunny day in winter, surplus power increases in the daytime and the room temperature also rises. In this case, the control unit 20 opens the electric shutter 61C and makes sunlight enter the room. When the temperature of the room 100A exceeds a predetermined temperature, the circulation fan 92 constituting the underfloor heat storage system 61A is rotated forward to supply the air in the room 100A to the underfloor 100B. Thereby, heat exchange occurs between the heat storage material 93 and the air, and heat energy is accumulated in the heat storage material 93.

  The control unit 20 supplies the air under the floor 100B to the room 100A by reversing the circulation fan 92 at night when the resident stays in the dwelling unit 100. Thereby, the air heated by the thermal energy stored in the heat storage material 93 in the daytime is supplied to the room 100A.

  Further, for example, when surplus power is generated on a sunny day in summer, the control unit 20 opens the electric window 61B and the electric shutter 61C with this surplus power, and takes outside air into the room 100A of the dwelling unit 100. . In this case, the control unit 20 monitors the ventilation rate, humidity, and the like in the room 100A via the environment information acquisition unit 73, and adjusts the opening degree of the electric window 61B and the electric shutter 61C.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, air conditioning of the room 100 </ b> A using surplus power is performed based on the environmental information acquired by the environmental information acquisition unit 73. For this reason, surplus electric power can be utilized effectively.

  Further, by driving the circulation fan 92, the electric window 61B, and the electric shutter 61C of the underfloor heat storage system 61A with relatively low power consumption, an effect equivalent to that of an air conditioner with high power consumption can be expected. Thereby, surplus power can be used effectively.

  In the above embodiment, the case where surplus power is used has been described based on environmental information. Not limited to this, the underfloor heat storage system 61A, the electric window 61B, and the electric shutter 61C may be driven in consideration of weather, wind speed, wind direction, illuminance of sunlight, and the like.

  As mentioned above, although each embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited by each said embodiment.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the case where surplus power is supplied to any one of the power storage unit 40, the heat storage unit 50, and the power sale unit 71 has been described. Not only this but the control unit 20 is good also as operating the air conditioner which is one of the power consumption apparatuses 61 using surplus electric power. Moreover, when the dwelling unit 100 is provided with the ventilation system, it is good also as operating a ventilation system using surplus electric power. When a solar power generation system is used, a lot of surplus power is generated in the daytime when no resident is present. For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce effectively the power consumption consumed after a resident returns home by implementing air conditioning of a dwelling unit using surplus electric power at the time of a resident's absence.

  In the embodiment described above, the power consumption meter 62 measures the power consumption consumed by the entire power consumption device 61 used in the dwelling unit 100. Not limited to this, the power consumption may be measured for each power consuming device 61, and the power consumption consumed in the future may be predicted for each power consuming device 61.

  In the above-described embodiment, the generated power prediction unit 33 predicted the generated power based on the information transmitted from the generated power meter 32. Not limited to this, the control unit 20 may predict the generated power based on the output from the power generation meter 32.

  In the above embodiment, the power consumption prediction unit 63 performs the power consumption prediction based on the information transmitted from the power consumption meter 62. Not limited to this, the control unit 20 may predict the power consumption based on the output from the power consumption meter 62.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the power generation system 30 includes the solar cell panel 31 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the power supply source may be a wind power generation unit or a distributed generator such as a fuel cell.

  The control unit 20 may adjust the power to be flowed to the power system 80 based on the unit price determined by the power sale unit 72. In this case, for example, it is conceivable to cause power to flow according to the difference between the unit price at the time of power sale and the unit price at the time of power purchase.

  The programs stored in the auxiliary storage unit 20c constituting the control unit 20 according to the embodiment include a flexible disk, a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), an MO (Magnet-Optical). A system that executes the above-described processing may be configured by storing and distributing the program in a computer-readable recording medium such as a disk) and installing the program.

  Further, the program may be stored in a disk device or the like of a predetermined server device on a communication network such as the Internet, and may be downloaded, for example, superimposed on a carrier wave.

  In addition, when the above functions are realized by sharing an OS (Operating System), or when the functions are realized by cooperation between the OS and an application, only the part other than the OS may be stored in a medium and distributed. You may also download it.

  Various embodiments and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, the above-described embodiment is for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

  The energy management system and program of the present invention are suitable for efficiently using the energy generated by the power generation means.

10, 10A Energy management system 20 Control unit 20a CPU
20b Main storage unit 20c Auxiliary storage unit 20d Interface unit 20e System bus 30 Power generation system 31 Solar panel 32 Power generation meter 33 Power generation prediction unit 40 Power storage unit 41 Battery unit 42 Power storage meter 50 Heat storage unit 51 Water heater 52 Heat storage meter 61 Power Consumption Equipment 61A Underfloor Heat Storage System 61B Electric Window 61C Electric Rain Door 62 Power Consumption Meter 63 Power Consumption Prediction Unit 71 Power Sale Unit 72 Power Receiving Unit 73 Environmental Information Acquisition Unit 80 Power System 91 Duct 92 Circulation Fan 93 Heat Storage Material 100 Dwelling Unit 100A Indoor 100B under the floor

Claims (14)

Power generation means installed in the dwelling unit;
Generated power measuring means for measuring the power generated by the power generating means;
Based on the history of the power generated by the power generation means, the generated power prediction means for predicting the power generated by the power generation means,
Power storage means for storing the power generated by the power generation means;
A storage amount measuring means for measuring the amount of power stored in the storage means;
A consumer device that consumes the power;
Power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Power consumption predicting means for predicting power consumption consumed by the consumer device based on a history of power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Power selling means for causing the power to flow in the power system;
Control means for adjusting the power supplied to the power storage means based on the prediction result of the generated power prediction means, the prediction result of the power consumption prediction means, and the measurement result of the power storage amount measurement means;
Having an energy management system.   2. The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit increases the power supplied to the power storage unit when power consumption consumed by the consumer device is predicted to increase.   3. The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit reduces the power supplied to the power storage unit when power consumption consumed by the consumer device is predicted to decrease.   When the control unit determines that the amount of power consumed by the consumer device is less than the amount of power stored in the power storage unit, the control unit converts the power generated by the power generation unit to the power sale unit. The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the energy management system is supplied.   The control unit stops supply of power to the power selling unit when it is determined that the amount of power consumed by the consumer device is larger than the amount of power generated by the power generation unit. The energy management system as described in any one of thru | or 4. The consumer device is an air conditioner,
The said control means operates the said air conditioner with the surplus of the said electric power, when the electric power consumed by the said consumption apparatus is smaller than the electric power generated by the said electric power generation means. The energy management system according to one item. Comprising environmental information acquisition means for acquiring environmental information in the dwelling unit;
The energy management according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control unit operates a ventilation system installed in the dwelling unit using electric power generated by the power generation unit based on the environmental information. system.   The energy management system according to claim 7, wherein the control unit opens a vent hole installed in the dwelling unit using electric power generated by the power generation unit based on the environmental information. A heat storage material that stores heat in the daytime;
Air supply means for supplying air heated by sunlight to the heat storage material;
With
The said control means drives the said air supply means with the surplus of the said electric power, when the power consumption consumed by the said consumption apparatus is smaller than the electric power generated by the said power generation means. The energy management system according to claim 1. A circulation means for circulating air between the heat storage material and the interior of the dwelling unit;
The energy management system according to claim 9, wherein the control unit drives the circulation unit at night.   The energy management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the power storage unit is a water heater that stores water heated by electric power generated by the power generation unit.   The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation unit includes a solar cell.   The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines an amount of energy to be supplied to the power selling means based on fee information from an electric power company. A computer for controlling the energy management system according to claim 1,
A procedure for predicting the power generated by the power generation means based on the history of the power generated by the power generation means;
A procedure for predicting power consumption consumed by the consumer device based on a history of power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
Adjusting the power supplied to the power storage means and the power selling means based on the predicted power generated by the power generation means and the predicted power consumption consumed by the consumer device;
A program for running

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