JP2012078019A - Biomass storage unit and pretreatment unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass storage unit and a pretreatment unit capable of more efficiently and easily burning biomass.SOLUTION: The biomass storage unit for storing biomass to be supplied to a crushing means for crushing the biomass includes: a tank body storing the biomass; and a heating means having a heating source directly heating a region of the tank body including a region where the biomass is stored and heating the biomass stored in the tank body in a range of a non-carbonization temperature by the heating source.

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass storage unit and a pretreatment unit that store biomass to be supplied to a pulverizer for pulverizing biomass.

In recent years, CO ₂ emission reduction has been promoted from the viewpoint of global warming. In particular, fossil fuels such as coal and heavy oil are often used as fuel in combustion facilities such as power generation boilers, but these fossil fuels cause global warming due to the problem of CO ₂ emissions, and protect the global environment. Its use is being regulated from the viewpoint of In addition, from the viewpoint of depletion of fossil fuels, the development and commercialization of alternative energy resources are required. Therefore, as an alternative to fossil fuels, the use of fuel using biomass has been promoted. Biomass is an organic substance resulting from photosynthesis, and includes biomass such as wood, vegetation, crops, and moss. By converting this biomass into fuel, the biomass can be effectively used as an energy source or an industrial raw material.

  From the viewpoint of highly efficient use of biomass, which is renewable energy, biomass is used as a fuel. One of the methods used as fuel is a method in which biomass solids are pulverized and pulverized and supplied to a pulverized coal-fired boiler for use as fuel. In addition, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there are some which are used as fuel after carbonizing biomass.

JP 2007-23239 A JP 2008-209080 A

  Here, the biomass is softer and more fibrous than solid fossil fuels such as coal. For this reason, in order to grind | pulverize and pulverize biomass solid substance, more time and output are required rather than grind | pulverize coal and pulverize. That is, biomass has a lower pulverization capacity than coal. On the other hand, like patent document 1 and patent document 2, by carbonizing biomass, it can embrittle and can make it easy to grind | pulverize. However, impurities such as tar may be discharged during biomass carbonization. When impurities are discharged, a process for removing them and maintenance are required.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It is providing the biomass storage unit and pre-processing unit which can pulverize biomass more efficiently and can make it easy to burn.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the biomass storage unit of the present invention is a biomass storage unit for storing biomass supplied to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass, and a tank body for storing biomass, A heating source that directly heats a region including a region in which the biomass of the tank body is stored, and a heating unit that heats the biomass stored in the tank body by the heating source in a range of a non-carbonization temperature; It is characterized by having. Thereby, biomass can be pulverized efficiently and the risk of adverse effects on the apparatus can be reduced.

  Here, it is preferable that the heating means supplies a heated fluid to the inside of the tank body as a heating source. Thereby, biomass can be heated from the inside of a tank main body, and biomass can be heated efficiently.

  The heating means preferably uses air or exhaust gas whose temperature has been increased by burning at least one of the biomass and fossil fuel as the heating source. Thereby, biomass can be heated efficiently and energy efficiency can be made higher.

  Further, it is preferable that the heating means supplies the heated fluid from the vicinity of the lower end of the tank main body in the vertical direction and discharges it from the vicinity of the upper end of the tank main body in the vertical direction. Thereby, biomass can be heated efficiently.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means supplies the said heated fluid to the said tank main body at the speed | rate which is more than the minimum fluidization speed | velocity | rate of biomass stored and below the terminal speed. Thereby, it is possible to heat the stored biomass while moving it.

  The heating means preferably supplies the heated fluid from the vicinity of the upper end of the tank body in the vertical direction and discharges the fluid from the vicinity of the lower end of the tank body in the vertical direction. Thereby, the generated heat can be used efficiently.

  The heating means preferably uses an inert gas as the heated fluid. This can reduce the risk of biomass burning during transport.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said heating means heats the said biomass to 150 to 250 degreeC. Thereby, it can be made brittle (easy to pulverize) while suppressing the generation of tar from the biomass at a certain concentration or more.

  Further, based on the detection result of the temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the atmosphere of the tank body where the biomass is discharged or the biomass itself, the heating means is controlled and stored in the tank body. It is preferable to further include a control unit that heats the biomass that is being heated in the range of the non-carbonization temperature. Thereby, the biomass discharged | emitted from a tank main body can be more reliably made into non-tar temperature.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the pretreatment unit of the present invention is a pretreatment unit for supplying biomass to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass, and the biomass storage unit according to any one of the above And a pre-storage supply means for supplying biomass to the biomass storage unit, and a post-storage supply means for supplying the biomass stored in the biomass storage unit to the pulverization means. Thereby, biomass can be pulverized efficiently and the risk of adverse effects on the apparatus can be reduced.

  The biomass storage unit and the pretreatment unit according to the present invention have an effect that the biomass can be easily pulverized more efficiently and can be easily burned.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a power generation system. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the biomass storage unit. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of biomass and the ratio of each component. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the grinding power ratio and the grinding time to a predetermined particle size. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the biomass storage unit. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the power generation system.

  Exemplary embodiments of a power generation system using a biomass storage unit and a biomass supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a power generation system, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a biomass storage unit.

  A power generation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 uses a fine powder obtained by pulverizing biomass and a fossil fuel such as coal or oil as a fuel for combustion, collects heat generated by the combustion, and generates electricity using the recovered heat. It is a power generation system that can.

  A power generation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a biomass supply device 11 that supplies biomass, a boiler 30 that recovers heat generated by burning biomass and fossil fuel supplied from the biomass supply device 11, and a boiler 30. And a power generation device 60 that generates power using the heat generated in step.

  Here, biomass is defined as organic resources derived from renewable organisms, excluding fossil resources. For example, thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets and chips) using these as raw materials are not limited to those presented here.

  The biomass supply device 11 is a device that heats the biomass in the range of the non-carbonization temperature and then pulverizes and supplies the pulverized biomass to the boiler 30. The pretreatment unit 19, the air supply pipe 21, and the pulverizer (mill) ) 26, a powder separation device 27, and a supply pipe 28.

  The pre-processing unit 19 is a unit that pre-processes the biomass and then supplies it to the crushing device 26. Have. The storage silo 20 is a device that can store a predetermined amount of biomass. The storage silo 20 supplies the stored biomass 140 to the payout conveyor 22 by a predetermined amount. The payout conveyor 22 and the transfer conveyor 23 are both transfer mechanisms that transfer the biomass 140. In addition, although it was set as the conveyor in this embodiment, as a conveyance mechanism of biomass 140, various mechanisms can be used. The payout conveyor 22 transports the biomass 140 supplied from the storage silo 20 to the transport conveyor 23. The conveyor 23 supplies the biomass 140 supplied from the payout conveyor 22 to the biomass storage unit 24.

  The biomass storage unit 24 temporarily stores the biomass 140 supplied from the transport conveyor 23, and further preprocesses the biomass 140. Thereafter, the biomass storage unit 24 supplies the pretreated biomass 140 to the feeder 25. The configuration of the biomass storage unit 24 will be described later. Further, the feeder 25 conveys the biomass 140 supplied from the biomass storage unit 24 and supplies it to the crushing device 26.

  The description of the configuration of the biomass supply apparatus 11 will be continued. The air supply pipe 21 is a pipe that supplies air to each part of the biomass supply apparatus 11. The air supply pipe 21 is connected to each part for supplying air of the boiler 30 and supplied with air 148. The air supply pipe 21 is connected to the crusher 26 and the supply pipe 28 and supplies air 148 to each of them. Further, the air supply pipe 21 is provided with a valve 70 in a pipe connected to the crushing device 26, and a valve 72 is provided in a pipe connected to the supply pipe 28. The amount of air 148 supplied to each part can be adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing and opening of the valves 70 and 72.

  The pulverizer 26 is a pulverizer for pulverizing biomass, and pulverizes the biomass 140 supplied from the feeder 25 into fine powder. In addition, an air supply pipe 21 is connected to the pulverizer 26, and the crushed biomass 140 is conveyed by the force of air 148 supplied from the air supply pipe 21. That is, the biomass 140 pulverized by the pulverization device 26 moves through the piping by air conveyance and is conveyed to the powder separation device 27. The powder separation device 27 includes a bag filter and a cyclone, and separates and classifies the biomass 140 that passes therethrough. The powder separation device 27 supplies the biomass 140 having a certain size or more out of the crushed biomass 140 that passes through the supply pipe 28 as the coarse powder 142. Moreover, the powder separator 27 supplies biomass 140 having a smaller size than the fixed biomass 140 as fine powder 144 to the electric dust collector 55 to be described later by piping, and causes the electric dust collector 55 to collect it. . Note that the biomass 140 supplied to the powder separation device 27 is substantially all coarse powder 142. For example, the powder separation device 27 sends a wind blown up to the biomass 140 by a cyclone, and supplies the biomass 140 having a certain size or more falling as a coarse powder 142 to the supply pipe 28 even if the wind is blown. The blown-up biomass 140 having a smaller size is supplied as fine powder 144 to a pipe for supplying air to the electric dust collector 55 (immediately before the electric dust collector 55). The supply pipe 28 supplies the coarse powder 142 and air 148 supplied from the powder separation device 27 to the biomass combustion burner 34 of the boiler 30. The air 148 supplied from the air supply pipe 21 to the supply pipe 28 is primary air.

  Next, the boiler 30 is a conventional boiler, and has a boiler body 31 capable of burning biomass and fossil fuel. The boiler main body 31 has a hollow shape and is installed in the vertical direction, and a combustion device 32 is provided at the lower part of the furnace wall constituting the boiler main body 31. The combustion device 32 has a plurality of fossil fuel combustion burners 33 mounted on the furnace wall and a plurality of biomass combustion burners 34. In the present embodiment, four or eight combustion burners 33 for fossil fuel are arranged along the circumferential direction and arranged in three to six stages in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the biomass combustion burner 34 is arranged below the plurality of fossil fuel combustion burners 33, and four or eight disposed along the circumferential direction are arranged in one stage in the vertical direction. . The arrangement relationship between the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel and the combustion burner 34 for biomass may be upside down. In each combustion burner 33, 34, the number in the circumferential direction is not limited to four, and the number of stages is not limited to four or one stage. Furthermore, you may arrange | position so that each combustion burner 33 and 34 may oppose.

  The combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel is connected to a pulverized coal supply unit 35 via a supply pipe 36 and to a fuel oil (or fuel gas) supply part 37 via a supply pipe 38. In this case, pulverized coal or fuel oil can be supplied as the fossil fuel. On the other hand, the biomass combustion burner 34 is connected to a supply pipe 28 from the biomass supply device 11.

  Further, the combustion device 32 has an air supply pipe 39 capable of supplying combustion air to the combustion burners 33 and 34. The air supply pipe 39 has a blower 40 attached to a base end portion thereof, and a distal end portion. Is connected to a wind box 41 provided on the outer peripheral side of the boiler body 31. Therefore, the air supplied to the wind box 41 can be supplied to the combustion burners 33 and 34.

  The boiler body 31 has a flue 42 connected to the upper portion thereof, and the superheaters 43 and 44, the reheaters 45 and 46, and the nodes for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas as a convection heat transfer section are connected to the flue 42. Charcoal units 47, 48, and 49 are provided, and heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas generated by the combustion in the boiler body 31 and water.

  The flue 42 is connected to an exhaust gas pipe 50 through which the exhaust gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged downstream. The exhaust gas pipe 50 is provided with an air heater 51 between the air supply pipe 39 and performs heat exchange between the air flowing through the air supply pipe 39 and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 50, and It is desirable to raise the temperature of combustion air to be supplied to a range of 200 to 300 ° C.

  The air supply pipe 39 is branched from a position downstream of the air heater 51, and the air supply pipe 21 is provided. The air supply pipe 21 is equipped with a dust removing device 52 capable of removing particulate matter such as dust and dust, and a blower 53 capable of boosting high-temperature air. Air heated by an air heater 51 to 200 to 300 ° C. It can be supplied to the supply pipe 28 of the biomass supply apparatus 11.

  The exhaust gas pipe 50 is located upstream of the air heater 51 and is provided with a selective reduction catalyst 54, and is located downstream of the air heater 51 and is provided with an electric dust collector 55, an induction blower 56, and a desulfurization device 57. A chimney 58 is provided at the downstream end.

  A pipe 73 is connected upstream of the electric dust collector 55 of the exhaust gas pipe 50. The pipe 73 is connected to the supply pipe 28 and a pipe between the crushing device 26 and the powder separation device 27. In the pipe 73, a valve 74 is arranged between a connection portion with the upstream side of the electric dust collector 55 and a connection portion with the supply pipe 28, and the connection portion with the upstream side of the electric dust collector 55, the pulverizer 26 and the powder separation. A valve 76 is disposed between the pipe connecting the apparatus 27 and the connecting part. Part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas pipe 50 is supplied to the pipe 73, and is supplied as the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the supply pipe 28 and the pipe between the crushing device 26 and the powder separation device 27. Further, the valve 74 adjusts the supply amount of the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the supply pipe 28. The valve 76 adjusts the supply amount of the carrier gas 150 from the pipe 73 to the pipe between the pulverizer 26 and the powder separator 27.

  The power generation device 60 is a conversion mechanism that converts thermal energy into electricity. The piping unit 62 is a pipe that connects the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46 of the boiler 30 and the power generation device 60, and steam that is superheated by the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46. Is sent to the power generator 60, and the steam exchanged by the power generator 60 is sent to the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46. The power generator 60 converts thermal energy extracted from the steam superheated by the superheaters 43 and 44 and the reheaters 45 and 46 into electricity. For example, the power generation device 60 includes a turbine, rotates the turbine using the energy of superheated steam, and extracts electric power.

  As described above, when the power generation system 10 drives the blower 40 and sucks air in the boiler 30, the air is heated by the air heater 51 through the air supply pipe 39 and then each combustion burner 33 through the wind box 41. , 34. Further, pulverized coal or fuel oil as fossil fuel is supplied to the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel through the supply pipes 36 and 38, and the biomass 140 from the biomass supply apparatus 11 is burned for biomass through the supply pipe 28. It is supplied to the burner 34.

  Then, the combustion burner 33 for fossil fuel injects combustion air and fossil fuel into the boiler body 31 and ignites at the same time, and the combustion burner 34 for biomass converts 140 fine powder of combustion air and biomass into the boiler body. It is ignited at the same time as it is injected into 31. In the boiler body 31, combustion air, fossil fuel, and biomass 140 are burned to generate a flame. When a flame is generated in the lower part of the boiler body 31, the combustion gas rises in the boiler body 31 and is discharged to the flue 42.

  At this time, while water supplied from a water supply pump (not shown) is preheated by the economizers 47, 48, and 49, it is supplied to a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to each water pipe (not shown) on the furnace wall. Is heated to become saturated steam and fed into a steam drum (not shown). Further, saturated steam of a steam drum (not shown) is introduced into the superheaters 43 and 44 and is heated by the combustion gas. The superheated steam generated by the superheaters 43 and 44 passes through the piping unit 62 and is supplied to the power generation device 60. Further, the steam taken out in the middle of the expansion process in the power generation device 60 passes through the piping unit 62 and is introduced into the reheaters 45 and 46, is overheated again, passes through the piping unit 62, and is returned to the power generation device 60. It is. In addition, although the boiler main body 31 was demonstrated as a drum type | mold (steam drum), it is not limited to this structure.

  Thereafter, the exhaust gas that has passed through the economizers 47, 48, and 49 of the flue 42 is subjected to removal of harmful substances such as NOx by the selective reduction catalyst 54 in the exhaust gas pipe 50, and particulate matter is removed by the electric dust collector 55. After the sulfur content is removed by the desulfurization device 57, it is discharged from the chimney 58 to the atmosphere.

  Next, the biomass storage unit 24 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Here, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the biomass storage unit. The biomass storage unit 24 includes a tank main body 102, a heating unit 104, a temperature measurement unit 114, and a control unit 130.

  The tank body 102 is a storage mechanism for storing biomass. Further, the tank body 102 is provided with a biomass input section on the upper end side and a biomass discharge section on the lower end side. The tank main body 102 stores the biomass 140 transported from the transport conveyor 23 and discharges the stored biomass 140 from the lower end.

  The heating unit 104 includes a pipe 106, a pipe 108, and a valve 110. One end of the pipe 106 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the tank body 102 in the vertical direction. Next, the pipe 108 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the lower end of the tank main body 102 in the vertical direction. The valve 110 is provided in the pipe 106. The valve 110 can adjust the amount of the carrier gas 150 flowing through the pipe 106 by adjusting the opening and closing and the opening degree.

  The heating means 104 is configured as described above, and the exhaust gas is directly supplied to a region where the biomass in the tank body 102 is held and transported by the pipe 106. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the tank body 102 is discharged from the pipe 108. Thereby, the heating means 104 can heat the biomass in the tank main body 102 by direct heating.

  The temperature measurement unit 114 is a means for measuring the atmosphere in the vicinity of the discharge port of the biomass 140 in the tank body 102 or the temperature of the biomass itself. The temperature measurement unit 114 sends the measured temperature of the biomass 140 to the control unit 130.

  The control unit 130 controls the operation of the heating unit 104 (the opening / closing operation of the valve 110) based on the measurement result of the temperature measurement unit 114. In addition, the control unit 130 controls operations of various other mechanisms.

  The biomass storage unit 24 is configured as described above, and the biomass 140 stored in the tank body 102 is directly heated by the heating means 104. Further, the biomass storage unit 24 is discharged when the control unit 130 controls the operation of the heating unit 104 based on the temperature measurement result of the temperature measurement unit 114 and controls the temperature of the biomass 140. The biomass 140 is discharged in a state where the temperature is within a certain range, specifically, the non-carbonization temperature range.

  Here, the range of the non-carbonization temperature is a temperature at which the biomass 140 becomes brittle in a state where the biomass 140 is not carbonized and the discharged tar becomes a certain concentration or less. Here, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the biomass temperature and the ratio of each component, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the pulverization power ratio and the pulverization time up to a predetermined particle size. FIG. 3 shows the relationship of the weight ratio of each component when the vertical axis is the weight ratio [%] and the biomass is heated to each temperature (before heating, 150 ° C., 200 ° C., 250 ° C., 300 ° C.). . In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the estimated pulverization power ratio up to a predetermined particle size in the mill (pulverizer), and the horizontal axis represents the pulverization time [s] to the predetermined particle size in the ball mill (pulverizer). FIG. 4 shows an estimated pulverization power ratio and a ball mill (pulverizer) when the wood pellet A is heated to a raw state (before heating), 150 ° C., 200 ° C., 250 ° C., and 300 ° C. The result of having measured the relationship with the grinding | pulverization time to the predetermined particle size in ()) is shown. For comparison, FIG. 4 also shows an estimated pulverization power ratio and a pulverization time to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (pulverizer) for each of the unheated wood chip A, wood chip B, and wood pellet B. The result of measuring the relationship with is also shown.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the proportion of the component of biomass changes depending on the temperature at which it is heated, and tar is deposited when it exceeds a certain temperature. In addition, the biomass becomes brittle as it is heated to a higher temperature. Specifically, when wood pellets are heated, the grinding time to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (grinding device) becomes shorter than the grinding time of wood pellets that are not heated. Furthermore, if the temperature at which the wood pellets are heated is increased, the pulverization time is further shortened. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the wood pellet A is heated to 150 ° C., the pulverization time up to a predetermined particle size in a ball mill (pulverization apparatus) becomes shorter than the pulverization time of the wood pellet B that is not heated. Furthermore, if the temperature at which the wood pellet A is heated to 200 ° C. and 250 ° C. is increased, the pulverization time is further shortened. Here, since the estimated pulverization power ratio up to a predetermined particle size in the mill (pulverization apparatus) is proportional to the pulverization time, the pulverization time is shortened, so that the power required for pulverization is also reduced. As mentioned above, biomass becomes easy to grind, so that temperature is raised. In addition, the range of non-carbonization temperature, that is, the optimum temperature at which biomass is easily pulverized while suppressing the influence of tar, is a temperature range and temperature that differ depending on the type of biomass. Here, the temperature range of the biomass is set to a temperature of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, so that the tar discharged is more reliably reduced, for example, a generation amount of 20% or less of the total amount of biomass). The biomass can be easily pulverized while suppressing the influence of tar. Note that the biomass temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less is a temperature at which tar generation can be more reliably reduced and the pulverization time can be sufficiently shortened.

  Based on the above relationship, the biomass storage unit 24 heats the biomass 140 within a non-carbonizing temperature range in which the biomass 140 becomes brittle and the discharged tar has a certain concentration or less. In the example illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the biomass storage unit 24 heats the biomass 140 to a temperature between 150 ° C. and 250 ° C. Thereby, the biomass storage unit 24 can make it easy to pulverize the biomass while suppressing the influence of the discharge of volatile gases such as tar and further suppressing the generation of tar. The biomass storage unit 24 makes the biomass easy to pulverize and discharges (supplies) the biomass from the discharge port to the feeder 25. The biomass discharged to the feeder 25 is conveyed to the pulverizer 26 and pulverized by the pulverizer 26. At this time, since the biomass 140 heated to the non-carbonization temperature in the biomass storage unit 24 is supplied to the pulverizer 26, the pulverizer 26 can be pulverized to a predetermined particle size in a short time with less power. Moreover, since the biomass storage unit 24 heats the biomass 140 to the range of the non-carbonization temperature, the tar generated by heating can be reduced to a certain concentration or less (that is, the tar is prevented from being discharged more than a certain concentration). It is possible to suppress the biomass transport efficiency from being reduced or the tar from adhering to the tank body 102 due to the generation of tar. From the above, the biomass storage unit 24, the pretreatment unit 19, and the biomass supply apparatus 11 can efficiently pulverize biomass. Moreover, since only a heating mechanism is provided around or inside the biomass storage unit 24, the apparatus configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, since generation of volatile gases such as tar can be suppressed, the generated tar can be appropriately burned in a boiler, tar adhesion to the apparatus can be suppressed, and maintenance of the apparatus can also be performed. Can be simple. Here, when the temperature of the biomass is 150 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, tar generation can be more reliably suppressed, and the above effect can be obtained more reliably. Thus, pulverization can be improved while suppressing the influence of discharge of volatile gases such as tar.

  Moreover, the biomass 140 can be dried by heating the biomass 140 to the range of the non-carbonization temperature in the biomass storage unit 24. Thereby, the biomass storage unit 24 can make the biomass dry when it is put into the pulverizer 26, and can omit the drying in the pulverizer. Thereby, various air can be used as the air supplied to the pulverizer 26, and air at normal temperature can also be used. Moreover, since the use temperature of the pulverizer can be lowered, the risk of burning the biomass of the pulverizer that is more easily burnable can be reduced.

  In addition, the arrangement configuration of the pipe 106 and the pipe 108 is not particularly limited and may be various arrangements, but it is preferable that the arrangement does not affect the movement of the biomass 140 stored in the tank body 102.

  The biomass heating means only needs to be able to heat the biomass to the range of the non-carbonization temperature, and the heating means itself may be at a temperature higher than the non-carbonization temperature.

  In addition, the biomass storage unit 24 is heated by burning biomass or the like, and the exhaust gas after supplying heat to the power generation unit is used as a heating source of the heating means, so that the efficiency of the power generation system 10 as a whole is further increased. The generated heat can be used effectively.

  Further, the biomass storage unit 24 can use the exhaust gas as a heating source for heating and directly heat the biomass with the exhaust gas, thereby making the inside of the tank body 104 an inert atmosphere. It can suppress that 140 is burned.

  Moreover, the control part 130 controls operation | movement of the valve | bulb 110 based on the measurement result of the temperature measurement part 114 so that the biomass of the vicinity of the discharge port of the tank main body 104 may become non-carbonization temperature. The control unit 130 calculates in advance an experiment or the like the relationship between the target non-carbonization temperature and the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit 114 at the non-carbonization temperature, and the calculated result and the temperature measurement. It is preferable to control the operation of each unit based on the temperature measured by the unit 114. Thereby, biomass can be appropriately made into the non-carbonization temperature. Although the temperature measurement position by the temperature measurement unit 114 is preferably in the vicinity of the outlet of the tank body 104 as in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, without providing the temperature measuring unit 114, the heating operation may be controlled based on the set conditions so that the biomass is brought to a non-carbonizing temperature.

  Here, in the biomass storage unit 24, a biomass heating unit is provided with a pipe 106 in the vicinity of the upper end of the tank body 102, exhaust gas is supplied into the tank body 102 from the upper end to the lower end of the tank body 102, and biomass is supplied. Although it is set as the structure heated directly, this invention is not limited to this. Moreover, as a biomass heating means, various heating means for directly heating the biomass can be used. Hereinafter, other embodiments of the biomass storage unit and the pretreatment unit will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the biomass storage unit 160 of another embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. Here, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the biomass storage unit. Here, the biomass storage unit 160 shown in FIG. 5 has the same configuration as the biomass storage unit 24 except for the configuration of the heating means 162. Then, about the structure similar to the biomass storage unit 24, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted, and the point peculiar to the biomass storage unit 160 is demonstrated hereafter. A biomass storage unit 160 shown in FIG. 5 includes a tank body 102 and heating means 162.

  The heating unit 162 includes a pipe 164 and a pipe 166. One end of the pipe 164 is connected to the pipe 73 through which the exhaust gas flows, and the other end is connected to the lower end of the tank body 102 in the vertical direction. Next, the pipe 166 has one end connected to the supply pipe 28 and the other end connected to the upper end of the tank body 102 in the vertical direction. Further, the pipe 164 is provided with a valve, and the amount of the carrier gas 150 flowing through the pipe 164 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing and the opening degree of the valve as in the above embodiment.

  The heating means 162 is configured as described above, and the exhaust gas is directly supplied to the area from the lower side in the vertical direction of the area where the biomass in the tank body 102 is held and transported by the pipe 164. Further, the exhaust gas supplied to the tank body 102 is discharged from the pipe 166. Thus, the heating means 162 can also supply the carrier gas 150 (heated air) to the inside of the tank main body 102 from the vicinity of the lower end of the tank main body 102 in the vertical direction. Can be heated directly.

  Further, the exhaust gas is supplied to the entire area of the biomass stored in the tank body 102 by introducing the carrier gas 150 (heated air) into the tank body 102 from the lower side in the vertical direction like the heating means 162. And the whole can be heated. Further, the exhaust gas having the highest temperature can be supplied to the vicinity of the discharge port of the tank body 102, and the biomass discharged from the vertical lower end is gradually heated by being introduced into the tank main body 102 from the upper vertical direction. Can do.

  Here, it is preferable that the heating means 162 supplies the carrier gas 150 (heated fluid) to the tank body 102 at a speed not lower than the minimum fluidization speed of the stored biomass and not higher than the terminal speed. By setting the flow rate of the exhaust gas within the above range, it is possible to suppress an adverse effect on the discharge of biomass from the tank body 102 to the feeder 25. Furthermore, by setting the flow rate of the exhaust gas within the above range, the carrier gas 150 supplied to the tank main body 102 can be spread throughout the tank main body 102 while moving the biomass stored in the tank main body 102.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated as an example the case where waste gas (More specifically, the waste gas heated by burning biomass and a fossil fuel) was used as a heating means, it is not limited to this. For example, exhaust gas heated by burning at least one of biomass and fossil fuel may be used as the heating means. Moreover, the air supplied as a heating means is not limited to exhaust gas, What is necessary is just to be able to supply heated air. For example, a heating mechanism (a heater or a heat exchanger) for separately heating air may be provided, and the air heated by the heating mechanism may be supplied to the tank body 102. Moreover, it is good also as a mechanism which provides a combustor separately from a boiler as a heating means, burns with biomass or a fossil fuel with the said combustor, heats air, and supplies the heated air. Further, it is preferable to supply gas generated by heating biomass in the tank body 102 to the boiler body 31. Thereby, the combustion component generated when the biomass is heated can be suitably burned in the boiler body 31.

The air supplied from the heating means 162 to the tank body 102 is preferably inert air (inert gas). As a result, the risk of biomass burning inside the tank body 102 can be reduced. The inert gas is a gas that is less likely to burn than normal air. The inert gas is, for example, a gas having an oxygen concentration of 10% or less, and includes exhaust gas having a low oxygen concentration.
The

  Next, the pre-processing unit and biomass storage unit of other embodiment are demonstrated using FIG. Here, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the power generation system. A power generation system 240 shown in FIG. 6 is a biomass / coal mixed combustion power generation system. That is, FIG. 6 is a power generation system that also shows a schematic configuration of a coal supply apparatus. In FIG. 6, the illustration of the power generation device is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the power generation system 240 stores the biomass and preheats the pretreatment unit 19 that heats it to the non-carbonization temperature before discharging, and the pulverizer 26 that crushes the biomass heated to the noncarbonization temperature by the pretreatment unit 19. And a pipe 249 for supplying biomass pulverized by the pulverizer 26 to the combustion burner 33, coal pulverizers 252a and 252b having hoppers 251a and 251b for receiving coal 250, and coal pulverizers 52a and 52b. And a pipe 253 for supplying coal powder to the combustion burner 34. Further, the power generation system 240 further has the same configuration as the boiler 30 of FIG. 1, such as the boiler body 31, the superheaters 43 and 44, the reheaters 45 and 46, etc. for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas as the convection heat transfer unit. It has each part.

  The boiler body 31 is provided with an air heater (AH) 262 in the middle of the flue provided at the furnace outlet of the furnace body, and the combustion exhaust gas passing through the air heater 262 is discharged from an ash collector or the like. It is released into the atmosphere through an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown). High-temperature air 264 generated by heating the outside air 63 with the air heater 262 is supplied to the coal pulverizers 252a and 252b and used for drying coal. A part 265 of the combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the pulverizing device 26 by the induction fan 266 and used for classification of biomass.

  Thus, by setting it as the electric power generation system provided with the biomass storage tank concerning this invention, biomass grinding | pulverization becomes favorable, ie, it can grind | pulverize efficiently. Thus, even when the pulverized product is directly introduced into the combustion apparatus and burned, stable combustion is possible without deteriorating the combustion performance. In addition, since the total amount of the pushed-in gas does not change from the conventional amount, there is no fluctuation in the primary air, and the biomass pulverizer can be operated stably within the range of the air amount required in the combustion facility. Is possible.

  The biomass storage unit and the pretreatment unit according to the present invention can also be applied to a combustion system that uses biomass as fuel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power generation system 11 Biomass supply apparatus 19 Preprocessing unit 20 Storage silo 21 Air supply piping (air supply system)
22 Discharge conveyor 23 Conveyor 24 Biomass storage unit (hopper)
25 Feeder 26 Crusher (Mill)
27 Powder Separator 28 Supply Pipe 30 Boiler 31 Boiler Body 32 Combustor 33 Combustion Burner for Fossil Fuel 34 Combustion Burner for Biomass 39 Air Supply Pipe 42 Flue 51 Air Heater 52 Dust Remover 53 Blower 60 Power Generator 62 Air Piping Unit 102 Tank body 104 Heating means 106, 108 Piping 110 Valve 114 Temperature measuring unit 130 Control unit

Claims (10)

A biomass storage unit for storing biomass to be supplied to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass,
A tank body for storing biomass;
A heating source that directly heats a region including a region in which the biomass of the tank body is stored, and a heating unit that heats the biomass stored in the tank body by the heating source in a range of a non-carbonization temperature; A biomass storage unit comprising:   2. The biomass storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating unit supplies a heated fluid to the inside of the tank body as a heating source.   The biomass storage unit according to claim 2, wherein the heating means uses air or exhaust gas whose temperature is increased by burning at least one of the biomass and fossil fuel as the heating source.   The heating means supplies the heated fluid from the vicinity of the lower end of the tank body in the vertical direction and discharges the fluid from the vicinity of the upper end of the tank body in the vertical direction. 3. The biomass storage unit according to 3.   5. The biomass storage unit according to claim 4, wherein the heating unit supplies the heated fluid to the tank body at a speed that is not less than a minimum fluidization speed of biomass stored and not more than a terminal speed.   The heating means supplies the heated fluid from the vicinity of the upper end of the tank body in the vertical direction and discharges the fluid from the vicinity of the lower end of the tank body in the vertical direction. 3. The biomass storage unit according to 3.   The biomass storage unit according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the heating means uses an inert gas as the heated fluid.   The biomass storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating means heats the biomass to 150 ° C or higher and 250 ° C or lower. A temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the atmosphere of the area of the tank body where the biomass is discharged or the biomass itself;
A control unit that controls the heating unit based on a detection result of the temperature detection unit and heats the biomass stored in the tank body in a non-carbonization temperature range. The biomass storage unit according to any one of 1 to 8. A pretreatment unit for supplying biomass to a pulverizing means for pulverizing biomass,
The biomass storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Supply means before storage for supplying biomass to the biomass storage unit;
And a post-storage supply means for supplying the biomass stored in the biomass storage unit to the pulverizing means.

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