JP2012022563A - Automatic replacement part candidate selecting device, automatic replacement part candidate selecting method and automatic replacement part candidate selecting program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic replacement part candidate selecting device capable of presenting component part available at a low procurement cost as a replacement part.SOLUTION: The automatic replacement part candidate selecting device comprises: an operation section 1 that receives disassembly information on products disassembled to part units which are recycled or disposed of; a part material information master section 3 that stores information on application, scarcity and trading status with manufacturer for each part; a replacement part selecting section 21 that calculates a recycling index for determining whether a candidate of replacement part should be selected based on the disassembly information, and when a part of a replacement part which is determined to be selected based on the calculated recycling index, reads the part as a candidate of the replacement part from the part material information master section 3; an environmental load assessment section 22 that calculates the availability of the part which is read as the candidate of the replacement part; and a display section 5 that outputs the part read as the candidate of replacement part and the availability of the part.

Description

  The present invention relates to an alternative part candidate automatic derivation device that automatically derives alternative part candidates.

  Conventionally, product design in consideration of the environment has been performed, and as an index, product recyclability is obtained and the recyclability is evaluated. For example, the following Patent Document 1 evaluates the recyclability and environmental load (cost) of the product based on the part material data including the material type and mass of the parts constituting the product, and the recyclability hindrance factor. And techniques for presenting improvement measures (substitute parts, etc.) for factors that deteriorate environmental load. Evaluation of recyclability is performed, for example, by calculating a dismantling index, a recycling mass, a recycling rate, a cost index, and the like.

JP 2004-038269 A

However, according to the above-described conventional technology, the ease of procurement is not taken into consideration, such as the fact that the highly recyclable materials and parts presented as improvement measures are actually less produced. Therefore, even if designing using parts with high recyclability evaluation, it will cost a huge amount of parts to be procured, and CO ₂ emissions will increase in proportion to the cost. There was a problem of high environmental impact.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an alternative part candidate automatic deriving device capable of presenting the ease of procurement of a part together with alternative part candidates.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a disassembly time for obtaining a part, a use of the part, Accepting means for receiving disassembly information including the weight or number of parts and whether or not the parts can be recycled for each part, and for each part, the use of the part, the scarcity of the part, and the manufacturer of the part Based on the part information storage means for storing information on the transaction status and the disassembly information, a recycling index for determining whether or not alternative part candidates are derived for each individual part and for the entire product is calculated. For a part determined to derive a candidate for a substitute part based on the calculated recycling index, a part that is a candidate for a substitute part and its part from the part information storage unit Replacement part deriving means for reading out the information, procurement ease calculation means for calculating procurement ease based on the read information on the part, and parts read out as alternative part candidates , And an output means for outputting the procurement easiness of the part, and information on a part selected by the designer among the parts outputted as alternative part candidates is received and stored in the part information storage means And a component information updating means for updating information on a transaction status with the manufacturer of the component.

  According to the present invention, there is an effect that a part that can be easily procured by a designer can be selected as an alternative part.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an alternative component candidate automatic deriving device. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an alternative component candidate automatic derivation process. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing each item constituting the dismantling information and an example of entry. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing registration information of the component material information master unit. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a display example of substitute parts and evaluation results. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an electronic computer capable of executing an alternative part candidate automatic derivation program.

  Embodiments of an alternative part candidate automatic deriving device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an alternative component candidate automatic deriving device according to the present embodiment. The alternative component candidate automatic deriving device includes an operation unit 1, a component selection support unit 2, a component material information master unit 3, a result data storage unit 4, and a display unit 5. In the operation unit 1, the designer inputs information on the disassembly time when the product is disassembled. Although there are a keyboard and a mouse of a general electronic computer (hereinafter referred to as a PC), it is not limited to this. The component selection support unit 2 performs evaluation of environmental load and selection of alternative components based on information at the time of dismantling of the product input (received) by the operation unit 1. The component material information master unit 3 is a storage unit for storing information on substitute components. The performance data storage unit 4 is a storage unit for storing information on component parts used for each product. The display unit 5 displays substitute parts, evaluation results, and the like. Although there is a PC monitor or the like, the present invention is not limited to this, and a printer or the like may be used.

  The component selection support unit 2 includes an alternative component derivation unit 21 and an environmental load evaluation unit 22. The substitute part deriving unit 21 calculates a recycling index for the target product based on the input information at the time of disassembly. In addition, when a substitute part candidate is derived for a certain part based on the calculated recycling index, an alternative part having the same use as the use of the part is read from the part material information master unit 3. The environmental load evaluation unit 22 calculates the procurement cost and the procurement ease for the component read out by the alternative component deriving unit 21.

  Next, an alternative component candidate automatic derivation process in the alternative component candidate automatic derivation device will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an alternative component candidate automatic derivation process.

  First, a designer disassembles a product (prototype) in the design stage. The designer disassembles parts / materials to a unit that can be recycled or discarded, and inputs disassembly information to the alternative part candidate automatic deriving device. In the alternative component candidate automatic deriving device, dismantling information is received by the operation unit 1 (step S1).

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing each item constituting the dismantling information and an example of entry of each item. The dismantling information includes dismantling time, material, weight, dismantling method, and usage. Disassembly time is the time required for decomposition. The unit of time may be selected from seconds, minutes, hours, etc. depending on the size of the product. Note that this is combined with the unit of the labor cost of the dismantling worker when obtaining the dismantling labor cost described later. The material indicates the material of the disassembled part, and examples thereof include plastic and metal. The weight indicates the weight of the disassembled part. As the unit of weight, either g unit or kg unit may be selected depending on the size of the product. Match the unit price of parts / material when the cost of dismantling material described later is obtained.

  The dismantling method includes dismantling means and handling after dismantling. The disassembling means is means for disassembling parts, for example, dismantling by hand, crushing and disassembling, and the like. The handling after dismantling indicates the treatment of the parts after dismantling, and includes, for example, recycling, heat recovery, incineration, landfill, draining, and the like. The application indicates how the part is being used. For example, there is a motor. In addition, since the use of screws and the like may vary depending on the size, size information is included in the item of use. For example, the screws are classified as screws (small), screws (medium), and screws (large).

  The above item is an example, and information on the number of pieces used may be included in the dismantling information, for example, for those using a plurality of the same parts such as screws.

Next, in the alternative component candidate automatic deriving device, the alternative component deriving unit 21 recycles each component (hereinafter referred to as a recycle index (individual)) and the entire product based on the input disassembly information. A recycling index (hereinafter referred to as a recycling index (whole) is calculated) (step S2). The recycling index indicates the cost for recycling or disposal, and here, it is the dismantling labor cost, the dismantling material cost, and the recyclable ratio (recycling rate) in the entire product. An example of a formula for calculating the recycling index is shown below.
Dismantling labor cost (yen) = dismantling time (hr) x dismantling worker labor cost (yen / hr)
Demolition material cost (yen) = parts / material weight (kg) x parts / material unit price (yen / kg)
Recycling rate (%) = Recyclable parts / material weight (kg) / product weight (kg)

  Calculate the dismantling labor cost and dismantling material cost for each part as the recycling index (individual), and calculate the dismantling labor cost, dismantling material cost, and recycling rate as the recycling index (overall). Here, the recyclable parts / materials have a positive unit price, and the non-recyclable parts / materials have a negative unit price. The labor cost of the dismantling operator and the unit price of parts / materials are, for example, stored in the part material information master unit 3, but are not limited thereto. Note that the size of each unit may be changed according to the size of the product and the price of the parts to be used.

  Next, the substitute part deriving unit 21 checks whether or not the calculated recycling index (whole) satisfies the target recycling index (threshold value) for the product (step S3). When the goal is met (step S3: Yes), the substitute part candidate automatic derivation process is terminated without deriving the substitute part. If the target is not met (step S3: No), candidates for alternative parts are read out from the part material information master unit 3 for parts whose recycling index (individual) does not meet the target recycling index (threshold) (step S4). The substitute parts read out all the parts having the same use from the parts information registered in the part material information master unit 3 based on the use of the part input as the disassembly information.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a registration example of information registered in the component material information master unit 3. Information for each part registered in the parts material information master unit 3 includes parts name, usage, presence / absence of rare parts / materials, rare parts / material recovery rate, unit price, part / material manufacturer name, It consists of the parts / material manufacturing company share, the transaction price with the part / material manufacturing company, and the transaction volume with the part / material manufacturing company.

  The part name is a major classification of the part, and the use is a minor classification within the part. For example, in the case of a screw, the part name is “screw”, but in the application, size information is also included so that the use state can be predicted like “screw (small)”. The presence / absence of a rare part / material indicates whether the part is using a rare part or material, that is, a rare item. Here, it represents as a weighting coefficient so that it can be used in the case of evaluation of the alternative components mentioned later. For example, when expressed in five levels, “1” does not contain rare parts / materials (low rarity), and “5” contains many rare parts / materials (high rarity). Indicates. The rare part / material recovery rate indicates a rate at which a rare part / material can be recovered as a rare part / material from the part when the rare part / material is used. It is expressed as a weighting coefficient so that it can be used in evaluation of alternative parts described later. For example, when expressed in five stages, “1” indicates that the recovery rate is high (can be easily recovered) and “5” indicates that the recovery rate is low (recovery is difficult). The unit price indicates the price of the part, and there are units such as (yen / kg), but it is not limited to this.

  The part / material manufacturing company name indicates the name of the manufacturing company of the part. The part / material manufacturing company share indicates the market share of the part in the application of the company that manufactures the part. It is expressed as a weighting coefficient so that it can be used in evaluation of alternative parts described later. For example, when expressed in five levels, “1” indicates that the share is large and “5” indicates that the share is small. The transaction price with the part / material manufacturing company indicates the position based on the transaction price between the company and the part / material manufacturing company in the transaction for the part of the application. The positioning may be, for example, a ranking or a weighting coefficient as described above. The smaller the value, the greater the amount you are dealing with. The transaction volume with the part / material manufacturing company indicates the position of the transaction of the part / material manufacturing company according to the transaction volume between itself and the part / material manufacturing company. The positioning may be, for example, a ranking or a weighting coefficient as described above. The smaller the value, the larger the component supply amount.

  In addition, when the recycling index (whole) meets the target (step S3: Yes), the process is terminated, but the present invention is not limited to this. Even if the recycling index (whole) meets the target (step S3: Yes), if there is a part that does not meet the recycling index (individual) at the individual parts level, an alternative part is read (step S4) It may be. If there are many parts to be read out, the alternative parts may be read out by limiting to a predetermined number from the worst recycling index (step S4). If there are many target parts, the load on the equipment will also increase, and even if the designer presents replacement parts with many parts, the design load will increase, and the parts that should be focused on will become unclear. is there. It is also possible to combine the above-described determination methods for reading alternative parts.

  Also, the recycling index (threshold) targeted by the recycling index (whole) and the recycling index (threshold) targeted by the recycling index (individual) may be the same threshold or different thresholds.

Next, in the alternative component candidate automatic deriving device, the environmental load evaluation unit 22 evaluates the component read as the alternative component candidate (step S5). Specifically, the procurement cost and the ease of procurement are calculated as the evaluation of the part. An example of formulas for calculating procurement cost and ease of procurement is shown below.
Procurement cost (yen) = weight (kg) x unit price (yen / kg)
Ease of procurement = (rare parts / material presence) x (rare parts / material recovery rate) x (procurement cost)
× (Parts / material manufacturing company share) × (Parts / material manufacturing company transaction price)
× (Transaction volume with parts / material manufacturing companies)
Depending on the parts used, if the unit price is (yen / piece),
Procurement cost (yen) = number of units used x unit price (yen / piece)
It is also possible to ask for.

For example, when the screw (small) shown in FIG. 4 is read as a candidate for a substitute part, when the number of products used is 10,
Procurement cost (yen) = 10 x 0.5 = 5 (yen)
Procurement ease = 1 x 1 x 5 x 1 x 2 x 2 = 20
Can also be obtained. As described above, the ease of procurement is calculated in consideration of not only the ease of obtaining the part / material itself but also the relationship (transaction status) with the company handling the part / material. The lower the procurement ease, the easier the procurement. Rather than procuring from multiple companies, procurement of parts / materials from the same company can reduce the cost of payment and the environmental burden when procuring parts / materials. . Each item for calculating the procurement cost and the ease of procurement can be calculated based on information registered in the part material information master unit 3 and information received as disassembly information.

  The information registered in the part material information master unit 3 shown in FIG. 4 is an example. Here, the weighting coefficient is set to the same step and range for each item. When importance is attached, weighting different from other items can be performed. Further, when obtaining procurement ease, all of the registration information of the part material information master unit 3 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to select and use any combination of items. is there.

  Next, the environmental load evaluation unit 22 checks whether or not alternative part candidates have been read for all parts for which the recycling index (individual) does not meet the target (step S6). If the alternative part candidates are not read for all parts (step S6: No), the alternative part derivation unit 21 reads alternative part candidates until the alternative part candidates are read for all parts (step S4), and The evaluation of alternative part candidates (step S5) by the environmental load evaluation unit 22 is repeatedly executed. When alternative part candidates are read for all parts (step S6: Yes), the environmental load evaluation unit 22 outputs the alternative part and the calculated evaluation result (procurement cost, procurement ease) (step S7). Specifically, the environmental load evaluation unit 22 displays the substitute part and the evaluation result on the display unit 5.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a display example of substitute parts and evaluation results. The parts read out as alternative part candidates for each application are shown in a list format. Here, three alternative parts are derived for a part whose use is a screw (small) and displayed together with the evaluation result. FIG. 5 shows that the parts (screws (small)) manufactured by company A have the lowest procurement cost and the easiest procurement. Even if the procurement cost is the same, it is expected that the lower the procurement ease, the easier the procurement and the reduction of the load at the procurement stage, and therefore the environmental load can be reduced. Note that the display method is not limited to the format shown in FIG. 5, and components for a plurality of applications may be displayed simultaneously.

  Finally, the designer selects an alternative part based on the displayed information on the alternative part candidate, and inputs design information including the alternative part to the alternative part candidate automatic deriving device. In the alternative part candidate automatic deriving device, design information is received and registered in the operation unit 1 (step S8). Based on the information received by the environmental load evaluation unit 22 via the alternative component deriving unit 21, information on the components used in each product is stored in the result data storage unit 4. In addition, when substitute parts are used, information on the transaction status with the manufacturing company such as the transaction volume with the part / material manufacturing company registered in association with each part stored in the part material information master unit 3 Therefore, the environmental load evaluation unit 22 updates the information stored in the component material information master unit 3 based on the received design information.

  Although the environmental load evaluation unit 22 updates the information in the component material information master unit 3, the present invention is not limited to this. The alternative component deriving unit 21 may update the information in the component material information master unit 3 or may have an independent configuration for updating the information in the component material information master unit 3.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the alternative part candidate automatic deriving device accepts the disassembly information when disassembling the product, calculates the recycling index at the part and product level, and based on the recycling index, A part to be read as a candidate for a substitute part is determined. Then, the procurement easiness is calculated for the component read out as the alternative component candidate, and the read out alternative component candidate and the information on the procurement easiness of the component are output. Accordingly, the designer can select a part that can be easily procured as an alternative part based on the output information.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an electronic computer that has a function as an alternative part candidate automatic derivation device according to the present embodiment and can execute the alternative part candidate automatic derivation program according to the present embodiment.

  This electronic computer includes, for example, a control unit 101 including a CPU (corresponding to the alternative component deriving unit 21 and the environmental load evaluating unit 22) and a memory unit 102 (corresponding to the component material information master unit 3 and the result data storage unit 4). ), A display unit 103 (corresponding to the display unit 5), an input unit 104 (corresponding to the operation unit 1), a CD-ROM drive unit 105, a disk unit 106, and an external I / F unit 107. These units are connected to each other via a system bus A.

  In FIG. 6, the control unit 101 executes the substitute part candidate automatic derivation program. The memory unit 102 includes various memories such as RAM and ROM, and stores programs to be executed by the control unit 101, necessary data obtained in the course of processing, and the like. The display unit 103 is composed of a CRT, LCD (liquid crystal display panel), or the like, and displays various screens to the user of the electronic computer. The input unit 104 includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and is used by a user of an electronic computer to input various information. The illustrated CD-ROM 200 stores a substitute part candidate automatic derivation program describing the processing of the present embodiment.

  Here, an example of the operation of the electronic computer until the substitute part candidate automatic derivation program becomes executable will be described. First, an alternative part candidate automatic derivation program is installed in the disk unit 106 from the CD-ROM 200 set in the CD-ROM drive unit 105 in the computer configured as described above. Then, the program read from the disk unit 106 is stored in the memory unit 102 when the electronic computer is activated or when the program is executed. In this state, the control unit 101 executes a substitute part candidate automatic derivation process according to a program stored in the memory unit 102.

  In the present embodiment, the substitute part candidate automatic derivation program is provided on the CD-ROM 200. However, the recording medium of the program is not limited to this, and depends on the computer constituting the system. For example, other recording media such as a floppy (registered trademark) disk and a DVD may be used. Moreover, it is good also as using the program provided by transmission media, such as an email and the internet.

  As described above, the alternative component candidate automatic deriving device according to the present invention is useful for product design support, and is particularly suitable for product design support using members that take the environment into consideration.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Operation part 2 Component selection support part 21 Alternative part derivation part 22 Environmental load evaluation part 3 Parts material information master part 4 Performance data storage part 5 Display part

Claims (9)

Dismantling information that includes the dismantling time until the part is obtained, the use of the part, the weight or number of the part, and whether the part can be recycled when the product is disassembled up to a unit that can be recycled or discarded Receiving means for receiving each part,
For each component, a component information storage means for storing information on the use of the component, the scarcity of the component, and the transaction status with the manufacturer of the component;
Based on the dismantling information, calculating a recycling index for determining whether to derive alternative part candidates for each individual part and for the entire product, and deriving alternative part candidates based on the calculated recycling index For the determined part, from the part information storage means, a part that is a candidate for a substitute part and a substitute part derivation unit that reads information on the part,
For parts read out as alternative part candidates, procurement ease calculating means for calculating procurement ease based on the read information of the parts;
An output means for outputting a part read out as a candidate for a substitute part and the procurement ease of the part;
A part that receives information on a part selected by the designer from among the parts that are output as alternative part candidates, and updates the information on the transaction status with the manufacturer of the part stored in the part information storage unit Information updating means;
An alternative part candidate automatic deriving device comprising: The alternative part derivation means includes
Read alternative part candidates for parts whose recycling index calculated for each part is below a predetermined part unit threshold,
The substitute part candidate automatic derivation device according to claim 1. The alternative part derivation means includes
Of the parts whose recycling index calculated for each part is equal to or less than a predetermined part unit threshold, read alternative part candidates for a predetermined number of parts with a low recycling index.
The substitute part candidate automatic derivation device according to claim 1. The alternative part derivation means includes
Read alternative part candidates only when the recycling index for the entire product is less than or equal to a predetermined product unit threshold,
The substitute part candidate automatic deriving device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein An alternative part candidate automatic derivation method in an alternative part candidate automatic derivation device,
The alternative part candidate automatic deriving device is,
For each component, a component information storage means for storing information on the use of the component, the scarcity of the component, and the transaction status with the manufacturer of the component,
If you have
Dismantling information that includes the dismantling time until the part is obtained, the use of the part, the weight or number of the part, and whether the part can be recycled when the product is disassembled up to a unit that can be recycled or discarded Dismantling information reception step for receiving each part,
Recycling index calculation step for calculating a recycling index for determining whether to derive alternative part candidates for each individual part and the entire product based on the disassembly information;
For a part determined to derive a candidate for a substitute part based on the calculated recycling index, a substitute part reading step for reading out a part that is a candidate for a substitute part and information on the part from the part information storage unit;
A procurement ease calculating step for calculating procurement ease based on the read information of the relevant part for the part read out as a candidate for replacement part,
An output step for outputting the part read out as a candidate for the substitute part and the procurement ease of the part;
A part that receives information on a part selected by the designer from among the parts that are output as alternative part candidates, and updates the information on the transaction status with the manufacturer of the part stored in the part information storage unit An information update step;
An alternative part candidate automatic derivation method characterized by comprising: In the alternative component reading step,
Read alternative part candidates for parts whose recycling index calculated for each part is below a predetermined part unit threshold,
The method for automatically deriving alternative part candidates according to claim 5. In the alternative component reading step,
Of the parts whose recycling index calculated for each part is equal to or less than a predetermined part unit threshold, read alternative part candidates for a predetermined number of parts with a low recycling index.
The method for automatically deriving alternative part candidates according to claim 5. In the alternative component reading step,
Read alternative part candidates only when the recycling index for the entire product is less than or equal to a predetermined product unit threshold,
The method for automatically deriving alternative part candidates according to claim 6 or 7.   An alternative part candidate automatic derivation program that causes a computer to execute the alternative part candidate automatic derivation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

Images