JP2011229480A - Tick repelling appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tick repelling appliance capable of reducing a tick in a beehive without damaging a bee.SOLUTION: The tick repelling appliance 11 is arranged on the bottom plate in a beehive body housing a comb frame and comprises a net body 13, which is constituted of a net 13a enabling the tick to pass and columns 13c for arranging the net 13a at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the pressure-sensitive sheet 12 arranged under the net 13a in a spaced-apart state.

Description

  The present invention relates to a tick removal apparatus that can easily remove mites in a honeycomb box.

  In general, beekeeping using honeybees to obtain honey is performed using a group of thousands to tens of thousands of honeybees, mainly queen bees. For the breeding of bees, a nest box having a plurality of nest spleen frames inside is used. In recent years, in addition to honey collection, in the cultivation of houses such as fruits and vegetables, bees are often used for mating plants.

  By the way, as a disease peculiar to bees, honeybee mite infection (Varoa disease) caused by ticks parasitizing bees is known. Such infectious diseases cause developmental failure of bee larvae / adults and possibly death. As a disinfectant for the control of honeybee mites, a pyrethroid-based acaricide, a fluvalinate-based disinfectant (trade name Apistan), and an amidine compound-based acaricide, amitraz-based disinfectant (Product name Apival) is known. However, from the viewpoint of safety, these pesticides have a problem that their usage and dosage are severely restricted, for example, they cannot be used at the time of honey, and cannot be easily applied. There was also a problem that ticks acquired resistance to drugs.

JP 2006-290809 A

  For example, a pesticide comprising a natural component disclosed in Patent Document 1 is also known. However, the pesticide of Patent Document 1 has high safety because it is composed of natural components, but has a problem that the insecticidal ability is weak and there is a possibility that aroma components may be transferred to beekeeping products. On the other hand, since the size of the mites is about 2 mm, it is difficult to capture the mites directly from the body of the bees because there is a risk of damaging the bees.

The present invention is based on the discovery that a simple device can reduce mites in a nest box without damaging bees.
An object of the present invention is to provide a tick control apparatus that can reduce mites in a nest box without damaging bees.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a tick control device arranged on a bottom plate in a nest box main body that houses a nest spleen frame. It consists of the net | network main body which consists of a pillar part for distribute | arranging by predetermined height from the baseplate upper surface, and the adhesive sheet distribute | arranged separately under the said net | network part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the tick removal apparatus according to the first aspect, the mesh portion is configured by a mesh of more than 1.8 mm and not more than 4.5 mm.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the tick removal apparatus according to the first or second aspect, a sheet insertion opening for inserting and removing the adhesive sheet is provided in a side portion of the net body.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the tick removal apparatus according to the third aspect, the length of the sheet insertion opening in the height direction is 2.5 to 4.5 mm.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the tick removal apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the height from the top surface of the bottom plate of the nest box body on the top surface of the net body is 5 to 8.5 mm. It is.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the tick control apparatus which can reduce the mite in a nest box without damaging a bee can be provided.

The perspective view of the tick removal apparatus of this embodiment. (A) The top view of the tick removal apparatus of this embodiment, (b) The front view of the tick removal apparatus of this embodiment, (c) AA sectional drawing of the tick removal apparatus of this embodiment. The perspective view of a hive body. The perspective view of a nest box main body and the nest spleen frame accommodated in a nest box main body and a tick removal apparatus. BB sectional drawing of a hive body.

Hereinafter, the embodiment which actualized the tick removal apparatus of the present invention is described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tick removal apparatus 11 of the present invention includes an adhesive sheet 12 for capturing mites and a net body 13 for covering the adhesive sheet 12 from above. Although the shape of the adhesive sheet 12 is not specifically limited, Preferably, it is comprised in the shape which can be distribute | arranged to the bottom plate upper surface of the nest box main body mentioned later. More preferably, it is configured in a rectangular shape with a size that covers all of the nest spleen frame arranged in the nest box body. On the upper surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 12, there are formed a pressure-sensitive adhesive surface 12a capable of catching ticks and a non-sticky surface 12b as a gripping portion having no pressure-sensitive adhesiveness. As long as the adhesive surface 12a is a structure in which the adhesiveness does not rapidly decrease with time under air contact, a known structure, for example, a commercially available seal, stickers, or adhesive surface of tapes may be appropriately employed. it can. Moreover, you may comprise the adhesion surface 12a by apply | coating a commercially available adhesive agent and a highly viscous liquid, for example, an oil-based component, surfactant, and a thickener containing solution on a sheet | seat. Even when a high-viscosity liquid is used, mites cannot easily escape from the adhesive surface 12a, and reattachment to bees can be prevented. The non-adhesive surface 12b is formed on one end of the upper surface of the adhesive sheet 12 for gripping during sheet replacement. The material of the adhesive sheet 12 is not particularly limited, and for example, any of papers, plastic films, metal foils, and the like can be employed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the net body 13 covers the adhesive surface 12 a of the adhesive sheet 12 from above so that the bees do not contact the adhesive sheet 12. The net body 13 includes a net 13a as a net, a frame 13b that holds the periphery of the net 13a, and a column 13c as a flat plate U-shaped column that is fixed to the lower part of the frame 13b. The The net 13a is composed of a predetermined mesh 13d that can pass ticks. The shape of the mesh 13d of the mesh 13a is not particularly limited. For example, by using a plain weave as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2A, the strength of the mesh and the retention of the shape of the mesh can be improved. As the size of the mesh 13d, a size through which ticks pass is adopted. However, if the mesh 13d is too large, there is a risk that bees may intrude. When the square mesh 13d is used, the size (W) of one side of the opening of the mesh 13d is preferably in the range of more than 1.8 mm and 4.5 mm or less. In addition, the range of 1.9 to 4 mm is more preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the passage of ticks and not affecting the walking of bees. In addition, the range of 1.9 to 2.5 mm is more preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the passage of ticks and preventing the intrusion of debris (dust) falling from the nest spleen. The material of the net | network 13a is not specifically limited, You may be comprised with either the metal net | network comprised from a metal wire, and the net | network comprised from a synthetic fiber.

  The frame 13b improves the strength of the net 13a by holding the edge of the net 13a. The shape of the frame 13b is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape that improves the strength of the net 13a, but preferably a flat plate rectangular frame that holds the entire edge of the net 13a as shown in FIG. It is formed in a shape. The upper surface of the frame 13b and the edge of the net 13a are bonded and fixed using known fixing means such as an adhesive and tape. Moreover, if it is adhesion | attachment of metals, it can also fix using solder and welding, for example.

  The column 13c has a role of arranging the net 13a at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the bottom plate so that the net 13a and the adhesive sheet 12 do not come into contact with each other when the net body 13 is placed on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the nest box main body. The column 13c is configured in a flat plate U shape, and is fixed along the lower surface of the frame 13b. As a fixing method, a method of fixing the frame 13b and the net 13a can be appropriately employed. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a sheet insertion opening 13 e is formed on the side of the net body 13 by an opening on one side of the column 13 c. In the present embodiment, the width direction of the sheet insertion opening 13e is formed between both ends of the column 13c, and the height direction is determined by the lower surface of the frame 13b and the upper surface of the bottom plate of the nest box body at the opening on one side of the column 13c. Is formed. The length (h) in the height direction of the sheet insertion opening 13e is preferably 2.5 to 4.4 from the viewpoint of facilitating replacement of the adhesive sheet 12 and preventing the intrusion of bees from the sheet insertion opening 13e. It is specified in a range of 5 mm, more preferably 3 to 4.3 mm, and still more preferably 3.5 to 4.1 mm. The material of the frame 13b and the column 13c is not particularly limited, and may be made of either synthetic resin or metal.

  The height (t) of the net body 13 (the height from the top surface of the bottom plate of the nest box body to the top surface of the net 13a) is preferably 5 to 8.5 mm, more preferably 5.5 to 8 mm, and even more preferably 5.8. ~ 7mm. When the height of the net body 13 is less than 5 mm, the net 13a and the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 12 are likely to come into contact with each other. On the other hand, if the height of the net body 13 exceeds 8.5 mm, the net body 13 may approach the lower surface of the nest frame when the net body 13 is disposed in the hive box body, and movement within the beehive main body may be restricted.

The tick removal apparatus 11 configured as described above is used by being disposed in the nest box body 14 as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the wooden nest box main body 14 is formed in a square box shape by a pair of opposing long walls 14 a, a pair of opposing short walls 14 b, and a bottom plate 14 c that closes their lower ends. The upper surface opening is constituted by the upper end edges of the pair of long walls 14a and the pair of short walls 14b. A pair of support plates 15 having a square plate shape are attached to the back surfaces of the bottom plates 14c on the pair of short walls 14b side. The abutment plate 16 protrudes over the entire circumference of the nest box main body 14 at a position slightly below the opening of the upper surface of the nest box main body 14, and the pair of locking plates 17 are joined to the opposing positions of the inner side surfaces of the pair of short walls 14b. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the vent 18 is formed in a square shape penetrating through the center of the short wall 14 b, and has a size that prevents the bees from escaping from the hive body 14 to the penetrating portion. A mesh having a mesh is stretched. The vent hole 18 may be formed on both the pair of short walls 14b or may be formed on one side. And the ventilation box main body 14 can be ventilated from the vent hole 18. A nest gate (not shown) is formed at the lower part of the vent hole 18, and the bees enter and exit from the nest box main body 14.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the nest spleen frame 19 is a sheet-like nest foundation made of a beeswax whose main raw material is a honeycomb structure which is a base of a bee's nest hole and is thinly pressed on a square frame-shaped wooden nest frame 20. It is composed of a nest bunch 21 in which the nest hole of the honeycomb structure is raised with beeswax secreted by the bees by itself. The pair of locking pieces 22 are formed to protrude on both sides of the upper end portion of the nest frame 20 of the nest spleen frame 19, and when the nest spleen frame 19 is accommodated in the nest box body 14, the locking pieces 22 are paired in the nest box body 14. The nest spleen frame 19 is held at a predetermined position in the nest box main body 14 by engaging with the respective locking plates 17. The pair of projecting pieces 23 are provided so as to be positioned on the diagonal line of the upper side surface of the nest frame 20. When a plurality of nest spleen frames 19 are accommodated in the nest box main body 14, the projecting piece 23 comes into contact with the upper side surface of the adjacent nest spleen frame 19 to maintain a predetermined interval between the nest spleen frames 19. ing. The number of nest spleen frames 19 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined depending on the size of the nest box body 14 and the size of the group of bees.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the tick removal apparatus 11 according to the present embodiment includes an adhesive sheet 12 and a net body 13 arranged on a bottom plate 14 c of the nest box body 14. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the width direction of the sheet insertion opening 13 e of the net body 13 and the length direction of the nest spleen frame 19 are arranged to be substantially parallel. Thereby, the adhesive sheet 12 on the bottom plate 14c can be taken out without taking out the entire nest spleen frame 19. When the adhesive sheet 12 is arranged under the net body 13, the non-adhesive surface 12b of the adhesive sheet 12 is preferably arranged so that a part thereof protrudes from the sheet insertion opening 13e as shown in FIG. . Thereby, when taking out the adhesive sheet 12, the non-adhesive surface 12b can be held and the adhesive sheet 12 taken out without moving the net body 13.

  As shown in FIG. 4, after the mite extermination device 11 and the nest spleen frame 19 are accommodated in the nest box main body 14, the lower end edge of the rectangular wooden lid 24 is the contact plate 16 of the nest box main body 14. The upper opening of the nest box main body 14 is closed by contacting and fitting the upper surface of the nest box. As shown in FIG. 5, when the adhesive sheet 12 and the net body 13 are arranged on the bottom plate 14 c of the nest box body 14 and the nest spleen frame 19 is arranged thereon, the lower surface of the nest spleen frame 19 and the net body 13 are arranged. The distance S from the upper surface is preferably 6 mm or more, more preferably 7 mm or more, and still more preferably 9 mm or more from the viewpoint of not preventing the walking of the bees.

The operation of the tick removal apparatus 11 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
The tick extermination device 11 accommodated in the hive main body 14 is left for a predetermined period while the bees are raised. If the honey bee is attached to a bee that causes Baroa's disease on the body of the bee, the tick may fall from the bee due to the flapping of the honey bee. If the mites that fall from the bees are not captured, they move in the nest box body 14 and reattach to the bees. The tick removal apparatus 11 of this embodiment captures mites that have fallen from the body of the bees. Since mites are captured by the adhesive surface 12a of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 12, there is no possibility that the mites will reattach to the bees. Thereby, the number of ticks adhering to the body of bees can be reduced. When the tick extermination device 11 of the present embodiment captures ticks in the nest box main body 14, the bead itself does not adhere to the adhesive sheet 12 because the net body 13 is covered from above the adhesive sheet 12. Adhesive sheets with ticks are regularly replaced. The new adhesive sheet 12 is inserted into the sheet insertion port 13e as shown by the arrow in FIG.

The effects exhibited by this embodiment will be described below.
(1) The tick extermination device 11 of this embodiment is arranged on the bottom plate 14c in the nest box main body 14 that accommodates the nest spleen frame 19, and is composed of the adhesive sheet 12 and the net body 13 that covers the adhesive sheet 12 from above. Is done. The net body 13 includes a net 13a through which mites can pass and a column body 13c for arranging the net 13a at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the bottom plate 14c. Therefore, only by arranging the tick extermination device 11 in the nest box main body 14, mites in the nest box can be captured and reduced without damaging the bees.

  (2) The tick removal apparatus 11 according to the present embodiment has a sheet insertion opening 13 e formed on the side of the net body 13. Therefore, the adhesive sheet 12 can be easily replaced without moving the net body 13.

(3) The tick control apparatus 11 of this embodiment can reduce the number of mites that adhere to the bees without using a control agent. Therefore, safety can be improved.
In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.

  -In the said embodiment, the column 13c is comprised by flat plate U shape. However, the shape of the column 13c is such that when the net body 13 is placed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 14c of the nest box main body 14, the net 13a is arranged at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the bottom plate 14c so that the net 13a and the adhesive sheet 12 do not contact. Any shape can be used as long as it can. For example, it may be configured in a straight plate shape or rod shape, and may be provided in a protruding shape on the lower surface of the frame body 13b.

In the above embodiment, the column 13c may be fixed to the lower surface of the net 13a.
In the above embodiment, the adhesive sheet 12 may be divided into a plurality of sheets.
-You may comprise the tick removal apparatus 11 of the said embodiment, without providing the frame 13b and the sheet insertion port 13e.

  -The nest box in which the tick control device 11 of the above embodiment is arranged is not particularly limited, and is used for any type and size of the nest box as long as it has a bottom plate on which the tick control device 11 can be arranged. be able to.

Examples are given below to describe the above embodiments more specifically, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
<Test Example 1: Examination of size of mesh 13d of tick removal apparatus 11>
The tick removal apparatus 11 and the nest box main body 14 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 were used. The net body 13 of the tick removal apparatus 11 is made entirely of metal, and the adhesive sheet 12 uses a seal provided with a non-adhesive surface 12b as a grip portion on one end of the upper surface. The size (W) of one side of the opening of the mesh 13d in the mesh 13a was changed as shown in Table 1 below, and the mesh was accommodated in the nest box body 14 and used for a certain period. At that time, the presence / absence of the bee mesh 13d passing, the tick mesh 13d passing, and the passage amount of debris (dust) from the nest spleen frame 19 through the mesh 13d were observed.

表１に示されるように、網目１３ｄの開口部一辺の大きさ（Ｗ）は２ｍｍ程度が最も好ましいことが分かった。

As shown in Table 1, it was found that the size (W) of one side of the opening of the mesh 13d is most preferably about 2 mm.

<Test Example 2: Examination of the size of the sheet insertion opening 13e of the tick removal apparatus 11>
The tick removal apparatus 11 and the nest box main body 14 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 were used. The length (h) in the height direction of the sheet insertion opening 13e was changed as shown in Table 2 below, and the sheet insertion opening 13e was accommodated in the nest box body 14 and used for a certain period. At that time, the presence / absence of intrusion of the bees from the sheet insertion opening 13e and the ease of inserting and removing the adhesive sheet 12 from the sheet insertion opening 13e without moving the net body 13 were evaluated.

表２に示されるように、シート挿入口１３ｅにおける高さ方向の長さ（ｈ）は４ｍｍ程度が最も好ましいことが分かった。

As shown in Table 2, it was found that the length (h) in the height direction at the sheet insertion opening 13e is most preferably about 4 mm.

<Test Example 3: Examination of height of tick removal device 11>
The tick removal apparatus 11 and the nest box main body 14 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 were used. The height (t) of the net body 13 (height from the upper surface of the bottom plate 14c of the nest box main body 14 to the upper surface of the net 13a) is changed as shown in Table 3 below, and accommodated in the nest box main body 14 for a certain period of time. used. At that time, the ease of walking of the bees between the lower surface of the nest spleen frame 19 and the upper surface of the net body 13 and the ease of inserting and removing the adhesive sheet 12 from the sheet insertion opening 13e without moving the net body 13 are performed. Was evaluated.

表３に示されるように、網本体１３の高さ（ｔ）は６ｍｍ程度が最も好ましいことが分かった。また、巣脾枠１９の下面と網本体１３の上面との距離（Ｓ）はより好ましくは９ｍｍ以上あれば蜜蜂の移動を妨げないことが分かった。

As shown in Table 3, it was found that the height (t) of the net body 13 is most preferably about 6 mm. It was also found that the movement of the bees is not hindered if the distance (S) between the lower surface of the nest spleen frame 19 and the upper surface of the net body 13 is more preferably 9 mm or more.

<Test Example 4: Number of mites captured by use of the tick removal apparatus 11>
The tick extermination device 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 was used in the nest box main body 14, and the number of captured ticks was examined every day. The adhesive sheet was replaced with a new one after counting ticks. In the tick removal apparatus 11, the size (W) of one side of the opening of the mesh 13d is 2 mm, the length (h) in the height direction at the sheet insertion opening 13e is 4 mm, and the height (t) of the net body 13 is 6 mm. The distance (S) between the lower surface of the nest spleen frame 19 and the upper surface of the net body 13 was 9 mm. The results are shown in Table 4.

表４に示されるように、ダニ駆除装置を使用した試験番号１４〜１６の群は、使用日数が経過するに従いダニの捕獲数が減少していくことが確認された。併せて、蜜蜂自身に付着しているダニの減少も確認された。一方、ダニ駆除装置を使用しない試験番号１７，１８の群は、感染症により群の消滅又は減少が確認された。ダニ駆除装置を使用することにより、殺虫剤を使用することなくダニの繁殖の抑制、防除、及び蜂の群維持効果が期待できることが確認された。

As shown in Table 4, it was confirmed that the group of test numbers 14 to 16 using the tick control device decreased in the number of captured mites as the number of days of use passed. At the same time, a decrease in mites adhering to the bees themselves was confirmed. On the other hand, in the groups of Test Nos. 17 and 18 that did not use the tick control device, it was confirmed that the group disappeared or decreased due to infection. It was confirmed that the use of the tick control device can be expected to suppress and control the growth of mites and maintain the bee group without using an insecticide.

  Next, the technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment and other examples will be described below. (A) When the tick removal device is arranged on the bottom plate in the nest box body, the distance S between the lower surface of the nest spleen frame and the upper surface of the net body is 6 mm or more.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Mite removal apparatus, 12 ... Adhesive sheet, 13 ... Net body, 13a ... Net, 13b ... Frame body, 13c ... Column body, 13d ... Mesh, 13e ... Sheet insertion port, 14 ... Nest box body, 14c ... Bottom plate, 19 ... nest spleen frame.

Claims (5)

In the tick removal device placed on the bottom plate in the nest box body that houses the nest spleen frame,
A net body including a net part capable of passing ticks and a column part for disposing the net part at a predetermined height from the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an adhesive sheet spaced apart from the net part. Tick extermination device.   The tick removal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mesh portion is configured with a mesh of more than 1.8 mm and 4.5 mm or less.   The tick removal apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 2 with which the sheet | seat insertion port for taking in / out the said adhesive sheet is provided in the side part of the said net | network main body.   The tick removal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the length of the sheet insertion opening in the height direction is 2.5 to 4.5 mm.   The mite extermination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a height of the nest box main body on the upper surface of the net body from the upper surface of the bottom plate is 5 to 8.5 mm.

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