JP2011145967A - Cpu resource management system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manage CPU resources while quickly executing an emergency job and reducing delay in executing another job of a class into which the emergency job is submitted. <P>SOLUTION: A CPU allocation means 101 distributes CPU resources to each of work load classes 110 to 112 so as to satisfy a CPU resource utilization rate set in each work load class, and distributes CPU resources to jobs 120 to 123 belonging to the same work load classes 110, 111, 112 in accordance with job priority set in each job. A class selection means 152 gives job priority higher than that of other jobs to an emergency job 123 which should be urgently executed, and reviews the work load classes 110 to 112 at every predetermined time interval. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a CPU resource management system.

  As a method for managing the CPU resources of a computer, the CPU resources are allocated to each class so as to satisfy the CPU resource usage rate set for each workload class (hereinafter simply referred to as a class), and jobs belonging to the same class On the other hand, a CPU resource management method for allocating CPU resources according to a job priority (hereinafter simply referred to as priority) set for each job has been proposed or put into practical use (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Hereinafter, such a CPU resource management method is referred to as a class-specific CPU resource management method.

  According to the CPU resource management method by class, by setting a workload class for each of a plurality of processing types such as batch processing and conversational processing, even if a large number of jobs are concentrated on a specific processing type, It is possible to prevent a situation in which CPU time is occupied by the specific processing type and execution of jobs of other processing types is hindered. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid problems such as the loss of the response of the interactive processing job due to the concentration of the batch processing job.

  In addition, in the CPU resource management method by class, CPU resources are distributed according to the priority set for each job for jobs belonging to the same class, so among the jobs of the same processing type, the priority is higher. Jobs can be executed with priority. Therefore, for jobs that require urgency, execution can be completed promptly by giving the highest priority and submitting it.

JP-A-4-340135

  In a computer adopting a class-specific CPU resource management method, when an unscheduled process must be executed urgently, an emergency job is submitted with a higher priority. At this time, the urgent job is executed quickly, but the work by other low priority jobs in the class in which the urgent job is submitted is significantly delayed. The reason is that, unless an emergency job with high priority releases the CPU by itself, the CPU is not assigned to other low priority jobs in the class in which the emergency job is input. If the priority of the emergency job is lowered, the execution delay of other jobs is improved, but the execution of the emergency job itself is delayed.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a CPU resource management system that solves the problem that quick execution of an emergency job and improvement in execution delay of other jobs in the class in which the emergency job is input are difficult to achieve at the same time. .

  A CPU resource management system according to an aspect of the present invention allocates CPU resources to each workload class so as to satisfy a CPU resource usage ratio set for each workload class, and for jobs belonging to the same workload class. CPU allocation means for allocating CPU resources according to the job priority set for each job, and for emergency jobs that must be executed urgently, a higher job priority than other jobs is assigned at regular time intervals. And belonging class selection means for reviewing the belonging workload class.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to quickly execute an emergency job and improve the execution delay of other jobs belonging to the class to which the emergency job is input.

It is a block diagram of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the class management table in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, a job management table, and an arbitrary affiliation class job management table. It is a flowchart which shows the process example at the time of the system environment setting in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process example at the time of CPU resource monitoring in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process example at the time of the job start in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the example of a process at the time of the affiliation class review in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the example of a process at the time of the end of the job in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process example at the time of the belonging class change instruction | indication in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the specific example in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of a 1st embodiment of the present invention.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First embodiment]
Referring to FIG. 10, the computer 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes, as main functional units, an arithmetic processing unit 11, a storage unit 12, a communication interface unit (hereinafter referred to as a communication I / F unit) 13, An operation input unit 14 and a screen display unit 15 are provided.

  The communication I / F unit 13 includes a dedicated data communication circuit, and has a function of performing data communication with various devices connected via a communication line. The operation input unit 14 includes an operation input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and has a function of detecting an operator operation and outputting the operation to the arithmetic processing unit 11. The screen display unit 15 includes a screen display device such as an LCD or a PDP, and has a function of displaying various types of information on the screen in response to instructions from the arithmetic processing unit 11.

  The storage unit 12 includes a storage device such as a hard disk or a memory, and has a function of storing processing information and programs 12P necessary for various types of processing in the arithmetic processing unit 11. The program 12P is a program that realizes various processing units by being read and executed by the arithmetic processing unit 11, and is read in advance from an external device or a recording medium via a data input / output function such as the communication I / F unit 13. And stored in the storage unit 12. Main processing information stored in the storage unit 12 includes class management information 12A and job management information 12B.

  The class management information 12A is information for allocating CPU resources to each class so as to satisfy the CPU resource utilization ratio set for each class. The class management information 12A stores a class name, a CPU resource usage rate, a CPU resource usage amount, and the like for each class.

  The job management information 12B is information regarding the submitted job. In the job management information 12B, specific contents of each job (program name used in the job, input / output file type, affiliation class, job priority, etc.) are described.

  The arithmetic processing unit 11 has one or more CPUs and their peripheral circuits, and reads and executes the program 12P from the storage unit 12, thereby realizing various processing units by cooperating the hardware and the program 12P. It has a function. As a main processing unit realized by the arithmetic processing unit 11, there is a workload manager 11A.

  The workload manager 11A has a function of managing the allocation of CPU resources in units of classes. Specifically, the workload manager 11A has a function for allocating CPU resources to each class so as to satisfy the CPU resource utilization ratio set for each class in the class management information 12A, and for jobs belonging to the same class. Has a function of allocating CPU resources in accordance with the job priority set for each job in the job management information 12B.

  Further, the workload manager 11A has a function of revising a class to which an emergency job that must be executed urgently belongs at regular time intervals. Whether or not the job is an urgent job is specified by, for example, a job control language (JCL) when the job is submitted. The selection of the class to which the emergency job is first submitted and the selection of the class to be reviewed at regular time intervals follow a preset selection criterion. As an example, a selection criterion that preferentially selects a class having a larger CPU resource unused amount can be used. As another example, it is possible to use a selection criterion in which importance is set in advance for each class and a class with lower importance is preferentially selected. It is also possible to use a selection criterion that integrates these two selection criteria.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the classes belonging to the urgent job at regular time intervals are reviewed. For this reason, it is possible to prevent an adverse effect caused by an emergency job having a high priority remaining in one class, that is, an adverse effect that the CPU is not assigned to another low priority job in which the emergency job is input. Further, even if an emergency job with a high priority is changed to another class, the CPU resource is preferentially distributed over other jobs with a low priority belonging to the class, so that it is executed quickly.

[Second Embodiment]
Referring to FIG. 1, a computer 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a CPU allocation unit 101 as one component of a workload manager. This CPU allocating unit 101 allocates CPU resources to each class so as to satisfy the CPU resource utilization ratio set for each class such as class a110 to which job I121 belongs, class b111 to which job II121 belongs, and class c112 to which job III122 belongs. For the jobs belonging to the same class, the CPU resource is distributed according to the priority set for each job. Note that the class to which the urgent job IV belongs is reviewed at regular intervals.

  Further, the computer 100 includes, as other components of the workload manager, a class registration unit 130, a CPU resource utilization ratio registration unit 131, a belonging job rule registration unit 132, a class importance level registration unit 133, and a CPU resource monitor. Means 140, CPU resource unused amount calculating means 141, job start accepting means 150, arbitrary belonging class job registering means 151, belonging class selecting means 152, arbitrary belonging class selecting means 153, arbitrary belonging class managing means 160, a job end receiving unit 170, an arbitrary belonging class job deleting unit 171, an belonging class changing unit 180, a class management table 190, a job management table 191, and an arbitrary belonging class job management table 192. . Each of these means generally operates as follows.

  The class management table 190 holds information about each class determined by the system administrator when setting the system environment. FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the class management table 190. The class management table 190 includes, for each class, a class name 200, a CPU resource usage ratio 201, an importance 202, a belonging class selection rule 203, a CPU resource usage amount 204, and a CPU resource unused amount 205. A set of entries is registered.

  The job management table 191 holds information regarding jobs submitted to the system. FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the job management table 191. In the job management table 191, an entry including a set of job information 300 and a belonging class 301 is registered for each job.

  The arbitrary belonging class job management table 192 holds information relating to a job that has been input by giving an instruction to make the belonging class optional. FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192. The arbitrary belonging class job management table 192 stores job information 220 for each job for which an arbitrary belonging class is designated.

  At the time of setting the system environment, the class registration unit 130 sets the class name 200 of the class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190, the CPU resource usage rate registration unit 131, the belonging job rule registration unit 132, The class importance level registration means 133 is activated. In the example of FIG. 2, the class registration unit 130 sets class names a, b, and c in the class management table 190.

  The CPU resource usage rate registration unit 131 sets the CPU resource usage rate 201 for each class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190. In the example of FIG. 2, the CPU resource usage rate registration unit 131 sets 50, 30, and 20 as the CPU resource usage rates of the classes a, b, and c in the class management table 190.

  The affiliation job rule registration unit 132 sets the affiliation class selection rule 203 determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190. In the example of FIG. 2, the belonging job rule registration unit 132 sets business A, business B, and business C as belonging class selection rules of class names a, b, and c in the class management table 190. This means that the job related to the job A belongs to the class a, the job related to the job B belongs to the class b, and the job related to the job C belongs to the class c.

  The class importance level registration unit 133 sets the importance level 202 for each class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190. In the example of FIG. 2, the class importance level registration unit 133 sets 0, 1, and 2 as the importance levels of the classes a, b, and c. For importance, 0 is the highest, 1 is the next highest, and 2 is the lowest.

  The CPU resource monitoring unit 140 monitors the CPU resource usage used in each class at regular time intervals, registers the CPU resource usage 204 for each class in the class management table 190, and uses the CPU resource unused amount. The calculation unit 141 is activated. In the example of FIG. 2, the CPU resource monitoring unit 140 registers 10, 10, and 15 as the CPU resource usage of classes a, b, and c in the class management table 190.

  The CPU resource unused amount calculating means 141 calculates the CPU resource unused amount from the CPU resource usage ratio and the CPU resource used amount of the class management table 190, and the CPU resource unused amount 205 for each class is stored in the class management table 190. sign up. In the example of FIG. 2, the CPU resource unused amount calculation unit 141 calculates and registers 40, 20, and 5 as the CPU resource unused amounts of classes a, b, and c.

  When a job is input, the job start reception unit 150 registers information on the job in the job management table 191 and acquires information on whether or not an arbitrary class is specified from the job. If there is an arbitrary affiliation class designation, the arbitrary affiliation class job registration means 151 and the affiliation class selection processing 152 are activated. If there is no designation of an arbitrary affiliation class, an affiliation class selection process 152 is activated. In the example of FIG. 2, the job start receiving unit 150 registers information on jobs I, II, III, and IV in the job management table 191.

  The arbitrary affiliation class job registration unit 151 registers the information of the input job with the specified affiliation class designation in the arbitrary affiliation class job management table 192. In the example of FIG. 2, the arbitrary belonging class job registration unit 151 registers information on the job IV in the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192.

  The belonging class selection unit 152 searches the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192 to determine whether or not the input job is an arbitrary belonging class job. If the input job is an arbitrary belonging class job, the belonging class selecting unit 152 activates the arbitrary belonging class selecting unit 153 for the job. If the input job is not an arbitrary belonging class job, the belonging class selecting unit 152 selects the belonging class of the job according to the belonging class selection rule 203 of the class management table 190 and registers the belonging class in the job management table 191. To do.

  The arbitrary affiliation class management unit 160 activates the arbitrary affiliation class selection unit 153 for jobs registered in the arbitrary affiliation class job management table 192 at regular time intervals.

  When the arbitrary belonging class selecting unit 153 is activated by the belonging class selecting unit 152 and the arbitrary belonging class managing unit 160, the class selecting index for each class is determined from the CPU resource unused amount 205 and the importance 202 in the class management table 190. A value is calculated, and based on the calculated class selection index value, an belonging class of an arbitrary belonging class job to be processed is selected, and the belonging class is registered in the job management table 191.

  When the job is completed, the job end reception unit 170 deletes the information of the job from the job management table 191. If the job information is stored in the arbitrary class job management table 192, the arbitrary class job for the job is stored. The deletion unit 171 is activated.

  The arbitrary affiliation class job deletion unit 171 deletes information on the completed job from the arbitrary affiliation class job management table 192.

  When the affiliation class changing unit 180 is instructed to change the affiliation class with respect to a certain job, the affiliation class changing unit 180 changes the affiliation class of the job registered in the job management table 191 as instructed. At this time, if there is information on the job in the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192, the belonging class changing unit 180 uses the arbitrary belonging class job deleting unit 171 to obtain the information on the job from the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192. Delete it.

[Description of operation]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

(1) Operation at the time of setting the system environment Referring to FIG. 3, when setting the system environment, the class registration unit 130 sets the class name 200 of the class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190. (S300), the CPU resource utilization ratio registration unit 131, the belonging job rule registration unit 132, and the class importance level registration unit 133 are activated. The CPU resource usage rate registration unit 131 sets the CPU resource usage rate 201 for each class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190 (S301). The affiliation job rule registration unit 132 sets the affiliation class selection rule 203 determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190 (S302). The class importance level registration unit 133 sets the importance level 202 for each class determined by the system administrator in the class management table 190 (S303).

(2) Operation during CPU resource monitoring Referring to FIG. 4, when monitoring CPU resources at regular time intervals, the CPU resource monitoring means 140 acquires the CPU resource usage used in each class (S400), The CPU resource usage amount 204 for each class is registered in the class management table 190 (S401), and the CPU resource unused amount calculation unit 141 is activated. The CPU resource unused amount calculation means 141 calculates the CPU resource unused amount from the CPU resource usage ratio and the CPU resource usage amount of the class management table 190 (S402), and the CPU resource for each class is stored in the class management table 190. The unused amount 205 is registered (S403).

(3) Operation at Job Submission Referring to FIG. 5, when a job is submitted, the job start accepting unit 150 registers information on the job in the job management table 191 (S500), and the job is arbitrarily selected. The presence / absence class designation is checked (S501). If there is an arbitrary affiliation class designation, the arbitrary affiliation class job registration means 151 and the affiliation class selection processing 152 are activated. If there is no designation of an arbitrary affiliation class, an affiliation class selection process 152 is activated.

  The arbitrary belonging class job registration unit 151 registers the information of the job in the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192 (S502). The affiliation class selection process 152 checks whether the job is registered in the arbitrary affiliation class job management table 192 (S503). If there is such a job, the arbitrary affiliation class selection means 153 is activated, and the selected affiliation class is registered in the job management table 191 (S506). If there is no such job, the affiliation class is selected according to the affiliation class selection rule 203 of the class management table 190 (S507), and the selected affiliation class is registered in the job management table 191 (S506). The arbitrary affiliation class selection means 153 calculates a class selection index value from the CPU resource unused amount 205 and the importance 202 in the class management table 190 (S504), and selects an affiliation class according to the class selection index value (S505). ).

(4) Operation of Reviewing Membership Class of Arbitrary Membership Class Referring to FIG. 6, when reviewing the membership class of an arbitrary member class job at a fixed time interval, member class management means 160 displays the member class job management table 192. It is checked whether the job information is registered (S600). If there is job information, the arbitrary belonging class selecting means 153 is activated, and the belonging class of the job management table 191 is changed to the selected belonging class (S603). The arbitrary affiliation class selection means 153 calculates a class selection index value from the CPU resource unused amount 205 and the importance 202 in the class management table 190 (S601), and selects an affiliation class according to the class selection index value (S602). ).

(5) Operation at Job Termination Referring to FIG. 7, when the job is terminated, the job termination acceptance unit 170 deletes the information of the job from the job management table 191 (S700), and the arbitrary class job It is checked whether or not the job information is registered in the management table 192 (S701). If there is information on the job, the arbitrary class job deletion means 171 is activated. The arbitrary affiliation class job deletion unit 171 deletes the job information from the arbitrary affiliation class job management table 192 (S702).

(6) Operation when Membership Class Change is Instructed Referring to FIG. 8, when a change of membership class is instructed by an operator or the like through the operation input unit 14, the membership class changing means 180 stores an arbitrary membership class job management table 192. It is checked whether the job information is registered (S800). If there is information on the job, the arbitrary belonging class job deleting means 171 is activated to change the belonging class in the job management table 191 (step 802). If there is no job information, the affiliation class of the job management table 191 is changed (S802). The arbitrary belonging class job deleting unit 171 deletes information on the job from the arbitrary belonging class job management table 192. (S801)

  Next, a specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the specific example of FIG. 9, the processing executed by the computer 100 is business A, business B, and business C, the classes are a, b, and c, respectively, and the CPU resource usage ratio of each class is 50% and 30%. 20%, the importance of each class is set to 0, 1, 2 (0> 1> 2).

  In this case, if a job with a high priority (hereinafter referred to as an emergency job) that requires an unscheduled process to be executed urgently at time Tx when a job is being executed in each class, T1 to T2 The CPU resource unused amount of each class in the section is, for example, “class selection index value = (CPU resource unused amount + 1) × importance”, and the class with the largest class selection index value is When selecting, the class selection index values are 0, 21, and 12, and the class b is the largest, so the class to which the emergency job belongs is the class b.

  In class b, since the priority 0 of the emergency job is higher than the job priority 2 of class b, the CPU is not assigned to the job of class b. Next, at the time of class selection at T3, the CPU resource unused amount of each class in the section from T2 to T3 is 40, 0, 5, and the class selection index values are 0, 1, 12, and class c is the largest. The class to which the emergency job belongs is changed to class c, and the CPU is assigned to the job of class b. In class c, the priority 0 of the emergency job is higher than the job priority 3 of class c, so that no CPU is assigned to the class c job.

  At the time of class selection at T4, since the CPU resource unused amount of each class in the section from T3 to T4 is 40, 20, and 0, the class selection index value is 0, 21, 2, and class b is the largest. The class to which the emergency job belongs is changed to class b, and the CPU is assigned to the job of class c. In class b, since the priority 0 of the emergency job is higher than the job priority 3 of class b, the CPU cannot be assigned to the job of class b. After the time T5, this operation is repeated at regular time intervals until the emergency job is completed.

[Description of effects]
The effect of this embodiment is that, when unscheduled processing must be executed urgently, even if a job is submitted with a higher priority, the job uses up CPU resources only in a specific class. This means that it is possible to prevent the CPU from being assigned to this job without human intervention.

  The reason is that by automatically determining the class to which the job belongs at regular time intervals according to the importance of each class and the unused amount of CPU resources, the class to which the job belongs at regular time intervals is determined. This is to change.

  The system administrator can set a class for each process, and can be applied to uses such as CPU resource management in which CPU resources are allocated according to a CPU resource usage ratio determined in advance for each class.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Computer 11 Arithmetic processing part 11A Workload manager 12 Storage part 12A Class management information 12B Job management information 12P Program 13 F part 14 Operation input part 15 Screen display part 100 Computer 101 CPU allocation means 110 Class a
111 class b
112 class c
121 Job II
121 Job I
122 Job III
130 Class Registration Unit 131 CPU Resource Utilization Ratio Registration Unit 132 Affiliation Job Rule Registration Unit 133 Class Importance Registration Unit 140 CPU Resource Monitoring Unit 141 CPU Resource Unused Amount Calculation Unit 150 Job Start Acceptance Unit 151 Arbitrary Member Class Job Registration Unit 152 Class selection processing 152 Affiliation class selection means 153 Arbitrary membership class selection means 160 Arbitrary membership class management means 170 Job end acceptance means 171 Arbitrary membership class job deletion means 180 Affiliation class change means 190 Class management table 191 Job management table 192 Arbitrary membership class job Management table 200 Class name 201 CPU resource usage ratio 202 Importance 203 Membership class selection rule 204 CPU resource usage 205 CPU resource unused 220 Information

Claims (8)

CPU resources are allocated to each workload class so as to satisfy the CPU resource usage rate set for each workload class, and for resources belonging to the same workload class, CPU resources are assigned according to the job priority set for each job. CPU allocation means for allocating
For urgent jobs that must be executed urgently, the job class is provided with a belonging class selection unit that assigns a higher job priority than other jobs and reviews the belonging workload class at regular time intervals. CPU resource management system. The CPU resource management system according to claim 1, wherein the belonging class selection unit preferentially selects a workload class having a larger amount of unused CPU resources as a workload class to which an emergency job belongs. The said belonging class selection means preferentially selects a workload class with a lower importance set in advance for each class as a workload class to which an urgent job belongs. CPU resource management system. The affiliation class selection means determines an index value for determining whether or not to assign an emergency job to the workload class based on the importance set in the workload class and the CPU resource unused amount of the workload class. 4. The CPU resource management system according to claim 1, wherein the CPU resource management system is calculated for each workload class, and an emergency job is assigned to the workload class having the largest index value. The CPU resource management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information indicating whether or not the job is to be executed urgently is specified in the input job information. Equipped with an optional affiliation class job management table that holds information on jobs that must be executed urgently,
6. The belonging class selection means, for a job stored in the arbitrary belonging class job management table, reviews a belonging workload class at regular time intervals. The CPU resource management system according to Item. CPU resources are allocated to each workload class so as to satisfy the CPU resource usage rate set for each workload class, and for resources belonging to the same workload class, CPU resources are assigned according to the job priority set for each job. Distribution,
A CPU resource management method characterized in that, for an emergency job that must be executed urgently, a higher job priority than other jobs is given, and a workload class to which the job class belongs is reviewed at regular time intervals. On the computer,
CPU resources are allocated to each workload class so as to satisfy the CPU resource usage rate set for each workload class, and for resources belonging to the same workload class, CPU resources are assigned according to the job priority set for each job. The process of allocating
A program for executing a process of assigning a higher job priority than other jobs and reviewing the belonging workload class at regular time intervals for an emergency job that must be executed urgently.

Images