JP2011142902A - Hydroponic method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a settled planting/raising process for effectively performing recovery work and supply work of settled planting floating bodies. <P>SOLUTION: The settled planting/raising process includes: the first process of transplanting raising seedling stocks raised in a raising seedling process through each settled planting hole to a settled planting floating body having many settled planting holes penetrating through the thickness direction; the second process of floating the settled planting body to which raising seedling stocks are transplanted, on the liquid surface of a nutritious liquid held in a settled planting/raising transfer passage; the third process of supplying the settled planting floating bodies one by one in a subsequent state from the starting end of the settled planting/raising transfer passage followed by chain transferring to the dead end of the settled planting/raising transfer passage; the fourth process of bringing a transfer time of the planting floating body to chain transfer from the starting end to the dead end of the settled planting/raising transfer passage to a growing time of raising seedling stocks; and the fifth process of sequentially collecting in the dead end, the settled planting floating bodies having grown crops grown while the existing settled planting settled floating bodies lined in a row are transferred to the dead end of the settled planting/raising transfer passage, by supplying new settled planting floating bodies in the starting end of the settled planting/raising transfer passage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a method for planting a seedling stock of leafy vegetables such as vegetables, mainly salad vegetables, etc., in a planting / growing movement path through a planting floating body, and cultivating the seedling stock while moving the planting floating body The present invention relates to a cultivation method (liquid cultivation method).

  Conventionally, there is a hydroponics method (liquid culture method) in which plants are cultivated with a nutrient solution containing fertilizer and dissolved oxygen required for the growth of crops. One form thereof is disclosed in Patent Document 1. That is, this hydroponics method is to form a large number of planting holes penetrating in the thickness direction in a plate-shaped planting floating body floating on the liquid surface of the nutrient solution contained in the planting water tank, for each planting The seedlings grown to some extent are accommodated and placed in the holes. A large number of floating plants for planting are laid so as to cover the surface of the nutrient solution, and the crops are grown in the planting tank in the same state until the harvest time. At the time of harvest, all the floating plants for planting are collected from the planting tank and the crop is harvested from the floating plants for planting.

JP 10-248416 A

However, in the hydroponics method described above, all the floating plants for planting must be collected from the planting tank at a time during the harvest period, and there are again many nutrient solutions exposed in the planting tank. Therefore, it is necessary to lay a floating body for planting, and it takes time and labor to collect and lay the floating body for planting. In particular, when a large number of planting floating bodies are laid to increase harvest efficiency or when many planting water tanks are installed, the collection and laying work of the planting floating bodies is inefficient. Yes.
Further, in the above-described hydroponics method, it is complicated to adjust the yield to a large or small amount according to the harvest time (for example, day of the week) to adapt the supply to the crop demand.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can efficiently perform collection and laying work of floating plants for planting, and can produce a variety of high-quality vegetables adapted to the supply-demand balance. The purpose is to provide a hydroponics method that can be cultivated and harvested in a planned manner and can be supplied stably.

  As means for solving the above problems, the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention is characterized in that it is configured as follows.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention of claim 1 is a hydroponic cultivation method in a fixed planting / growing step for growing a planted seedling stock by hydroponic cultivation, wherein the fixed planting / growing step is in the thickness direction. A first step of transplanting a seedling stock grown in the seedling raising process through each planting hole to a floating planting plant having a large number of through hole for planting, and a nutrient solution contained in the moving path for planting and raising On the surface, the second step of floating the planting floating body transplanted with the seedling stock, and the planting floating body are sequentially supplied from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path to the subsequent state, The third step, which moves the ball toward the end, the fourth step, where the moving time of the floating plant for moving planted from the beginning to the end of the moving path for planting / growing is the growth time of the seedling stock, and the planting / growing By supplying a new floating planting plant at the beginning of the transportation path, The fifth step of sequentially collecting the floating plants for growing having grown crops while moving the existing floating plants for planting to the end of the moving path for planting and growing, -It is characterized in that the supply timing of a new planting floating body at the beginning of the growth path is adjusted to the recovery timing at the terminal end of a planting floating body with a growing crop grown from the beginning to the termination. Here, the fixed planting is an action from the first step to the second step, and the growing is that the planted seedling plant grows up to the growing crop, and the growing crop has grown to a harvestable state. A crop. The cue movement refers to a movement that is intermittently pushed out from behind in a chamfered state.

  In this hydroponics method, the supply timing of the new planting floating body at the beginning of the planting / growing movement path is set to the recovery timing at the terminal end of the planting floating body with growing crops grown from the beginning to the end. Since they are combined, it is possible to solve the problems of the prior art. In other words, it is necessary to collect all the planting floating bodies from the fixed planting tank at once at the harvest time, and it is necessary to again lay a large number of planting floating bodies on the surface of the nutrient solution exposed in the fixed planting tank. Can be made unnecessary. In addition, by aligning the supply timing of the new floating planting plant with the recovery time of the floating planting plant, the seedlings can be grown to the growing crops over time in the fixed planting / cultivation movement route. The floating body can be collected and supplied continuously and efficiently. It is also possible to grow by arranging a plurality of planting / growing movement paths and planting seedlings of vegetables with different growth periods in each planting / growing movement path for each type. In other words, by adjusting the pace and timing, which is the time to supply (supplement) the planted floating bodies sequentially from the beginning of the planting / growing moving path, according to the growing season of the vegetables, Accordingly, hydroponics can be cultivated in parallel. As a result, different types of vegetables can be systematically harvested according to demand.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 2 is the hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 1, wherein the floating plant for fixed planting that can be arranged to the maximum in the moving path for planting / cultivating The required number of floating plants for planting newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path should be the same as the required number of floating plants for recovery from the end of the planting / growing movement path. It is characterized by.

  In this hydroponic cultivation method, the required number of floating plants for planting collected from the end of the planting / growing movement path is the same as the required number of floating plants for planting newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path. can do. Therefore, in order to adapt the supply to the demand for the crop, the harvest amount can be adjusted to a large or small amount according to the harvest time (for example, the day of the week). As a result, cultivation management can be performed finely.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 3 is the hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 1, wherein the floating plant for fixed planting that can be arranged to the maximum in the moving path for planting / growing The required number of floating plants for planting newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path is adjusted according to the growth time of different seedlings depending on the type of crop to be cultivated. To do.

  In this hydroponic cultivation method, the required number of planted floating bodies to be newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path can be adjusted according to the growth time of the seedlings that vary depending on the type of crop to be cultivated. As a result, regardless of the growth time (growth period) of the seedlings depending on the type of crops to be cultivated, multiple types of seedlings can be planted through the planting float on the same planting / growing movement path. Can be trained. Then, different types of cultivated crops can be systematically collected through the planting float. As a result, it is possible to easily and steadily carry out fine cultivation management with daily harvesting as a daily routine, and to secure a planned shipment amount of vegetables adapted to the demand of the vegetable market.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 4 is the hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 1, wherein the fixed planting / growing movement path containing the nutrient solution has a longitudinal shape of the upper surface opening. It consists of a water tank.

  In this hydroponic cultivation method, the planting / cultivation moving path can be configured with a simple structure, and a crop can be grown while moving a required number of planting suspensions steadily and harvested systematically.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 5 is the hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 4, wherein a plurality of fixed planting / growing moving paths containing the nutrient solution are arranged in the horizontal direction. It is characterized by being arranged in a superposed state while being arranged in parallel and maintaining a constant interval in the vertical direction.

  In this hydroponic cultivation method, a large number of two-dimensional and three-dimensional movement paths for planting and growing are arranged in a horizontal and vertical direction to effectively use the space. It can be cultivated and a large amount of crops can be secured in a planned manner for each type of vegetable.

  The hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 6 is the hydroponic cultivation method according to the invention described in claim 5, wherein a plurality of planting / growing moving paths arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction On the rear end side, a supply passage that faces in common with each start end and a recovery passage that faces in common with each end are formed.

  In this hydroponic cultivation method, a floating body for planting can be supplied to each starting end of a plurality of planting / growing moving paths arranged in parallel in the lateral direction through a supply passage facing in common, and from each base end It is possible to recover the floating plant for planting through the common recovery channel. Therefore, it is possible to consolidate the moving paths for planting / growing, the supply path, and the recovery path, and the floating body for planting can be efficiently moved through each path. As a result, work efficiency can be improved.

  The present invention has the following effects. That is, it is possible to efficiently perform the collection work and supply work of the floating plant for planting. Therefore, the heavy labor work in the fixed planting / nurturing process can be reduced to light labor work, and the labor force of women and girls can be utilized for manual labor. Moreover, it is possible to efficiently and efficiently harvest high quality vegetables continuously and systematically throughout the year. Therefore, it is possible to cultivate and harvest a variety of high-quality vegetables that are suitable for the supply and demand balance and supply them stably. In addition, it is possible to observe the state of the seedling stocks with different growth stages over time in the fixed planting tank. For this reason, it is possible to quickly take countermeasures when an abnormal situation occurs, and finely manage the cultivation. And the work in the process preceding the planting / growing process and the subsequent process can be efficiently performed in a planned manner. Therefore, the work efficiency of the whole cultivation work can be improved.

Side surface explanatory drawing of the greenhouse which performs hydroponic cultivation with the hydroponic cultivation method which concerns on this invention. Cross-sectional plane explanatory drawing of the greenhouse which performs hydroponic cultivation with the hydroponic cultivation method which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the moving path for planting and raising, (a) is plane explanatory drawing, (b) is side explanatory drawing. Cultivation process explanatory drawing.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a vinyl house (film house) as a hydroponics facility for hydroponically cultivating vegetables (mainly leaf vegetables such as salad vegetables). In the greenhouse 1, a ground facility part 2 and an underground facility part 3 are provided.

[Description in the greenhouse 1]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ground facility section 2 includes a nutrient solution room 10, a germination room 11, a seedling room 12, a planting / growing room 13, an air conditioner room (machine room) 14, a harvesting room 15, and a packing room 16. A cold room 17, a warehouse 18, and a carry-out chamber 19 are provided.

  The nutrient solution chamber 10 determines whether the nutrient solution Y containing dissolved fertilizer and dissolved oxygen required for crop growth (see Fig. 1) is high or low in electrical conductivity, and has a concentration failure or shortage due to excess fertilizer. It is a room where the nutrient solution Y is appropriately managed using an EC (conductivity) measuring device or a pH measuring device. An underground facility section 3 to be described later is disposed in the basement located directly below the nutrient solution chamber 10. The germination chamber 11 is a room for performing each operation in the sowing step K1 and the germination step K2 in the cultivation step K described later. The seedling raising room 12 is a room for performing work in the seedling raising step K3 in the cultivation step K described later. The planting / growing room 13 is a room for performing work in the planting / growing process K4 in the cultivation process K described later. The air conditioner room (machine room) 14 is a room provided with an air conditioner (not shown) for automatically controlling the air conditioning in the greenhouse 1. The harvesting room 15 is a room for performing work in the harvesting process K5 in the cultivation process K described later. The packing room 16 is a room for performing work in the packing process K6 in the cultivation process K described later. The cold storage chamber 17 is a room for storing the harvested crop packed in the packing chamber 16 at a predetermined temperature for temporary storage. The warehouse 18 is a room for storing the packed crops stored in the cold room 17. The carry-out chamber 19 is a room for storing packed crops that are loaded onto the carry-out vehicle 20 and carried out.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the layout of each room described above is centered on the fixed planting / growth room 13 as a large room, and the left and right side walls 21, 22 of the fixed planting / growth room 13 and the front side wall. Other rooms are arranged along with 23.

  In other words, the nutrient solution chamber 10, the germination chamber 11, and the seedling chamber 12 are arranged in series along the left side wall 21 of the planting / growing chamber 13 from the front to the back. Between the right side wall of these three chambers 10, 11, 12 and the left side wall 21 of the planting / growing chamber 13, a left communication path 24 extending straight from the front to the back is formed. An air conditioner room (machine room) 14 is arranged along the right side wall 22 of the planting / growing room 13. Between the left side wall of the air conditioner room (machine room) 14 and the right side wall 22 of the planting / growing room 13, a right communication path 25 that extends straight from the front to the back is formed. Further, along the front side wall 23 of the planting / growing room 13, the harvesting room 15, the packing room 16, the cold storage room 17, the warehouse 18 and the carry-out room 19 are arranged in series from the right side to the left side. Yes.

  In this way, in the plan view shown in FIG. 2, in the clockwise direction, germination room 11 → nursing room 12 → left communication path 24 → planting / growing room 13 → right communication path 25 → harvesting room 15 → packing room 16 → The crops in each process stage can be efficiently moved from the seeds to the carried-out crops along the cultivation process in the cold storage chamber 17 → the warehouse 18 → the carrying-out chamber 19 → the carrying-out vehicle 20.

  Next, the underground facility part 3 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, first to fourth nutrient solution treatment tanks 31 to 34 are arranged in the underground facility section 3 with a certain interval in the left-right direction.

  The first nutrient solution treatment tank 31 is a treatment tank for automatically adjusting the concentration of the nutrient solution Y.

  The second nutrient solution treatment tank 32 is a treatment tank for storing the nutrient solution Y filtered by the filter 35. A filtration treatment flow path 36 is interposed between the first nutrient solution treatment tank 31 and the second nutrient solution treatment tank 32. And the filter 35 is provided in the middle part of the filtration process flow path 36, and the nutrient solution Y is filtered through the filter 35.

  The third nutrient solution treatment tank 33 is a treatment tank for storing the nutrient solution Y sterilized by the ozone sterilizer 37. A sterilization treatment flow path 38 is interposed between the second nutrient solution treatment tank 32 and the third nutrient solution treatment tank 33. An ozone sterilization device 37 is provided in the middle of the sterilization treatment flow path 38 so that the nutrient solution Y is sterilized through the ozone sterilization device 37.

  The fourth nutrient solution treatment tank 34 is a treatment tank for storing the nutrient solution Y that has been sterilized by removing ozone after sterilization treatment by the ozone removing device 39. An ozone removal treatment channel 40 is interposed between the third nutrient solution treatment tank 33 and the fourth nutrient solution treatment tank 34. An ozone removal device 39 that removes ozone by activated charcoal is provided in the middle of the ozone removal treatment flow path 40, and ozone is removed from the nutrient solution Y through the ozone removal device 39.

  A nutrient solution feed channel 42 is interposed between the fourth nutrient solution treatment tank 34 and one end of the planting / growing movement path 52 disposed in the planting / growing room 13 of the ground facility unit 2. . On the other hand, a nutrient solution return channel 43 is interposed between the other end of the planting / growing movement path 52 and the first nutrient solution treatment tank 31. In FIG. 2, P is a pump, 45 is a nutrient solution conveyance direction.

  In this way, the nutrient solution Y is supplied from the first nutrient solution treatment tank 31 → the filtration treatment channel 36 → the second nutrient solution treatment tank 32 → the sterilization treatment channel 38 → the third nutrient solution treatment tank 33 → the ozone removal treatment flow. Path 40 → fourth nutrient solution treatment tank 34 → nutrient solution feed channel 42 → fixed planting / growing movement path 52 → nutrient solution return channel 43 → forced circulation channel 44 for forced circulation to the first nutrient solution treatment tank 31 Forming. Then, a sterile nutrient solution Y subjected to reprocessing such as concentration adjustment and ozone sterilization can be supplied to the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 through the forced circulation channel 44. Here, the reprocessing operation and the nutrient solution supply operation in the forced circulation channel 44 are managed by computer control in the nutrient solution chamber 10 described above.

[Description of cultivation process K]
Next, the cultivation process K will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the cultivation process K includes a seeding process K1 for seeding the medium, a germination process K2 for germinating the seeds sowed in the seeding process K1, and a seedling raising process for raising the seedlings germinated in the germination process K2. K3, a planting / growing process K4 for planting and growing the seedlings grown in the seedling growing process K3, a harvesting process K5 for harvesting the crop grown in the planting / growing process K4, and a growing crop harvested in the harvesting process K5 And a packing process K6 for packing.

  The sowing step K1 is a step of sowing seeds of vegetables such as leaf vegetables in the medium 50 (see FIG. 3). As the culture medium 50, rock wool formed in a cube (for example, one side is 22 to 23 mm) can be used. A large number (for example, 300) of the medium 50 is arranged in a seedling box (not shown) in an orderly manner, and one seed is seeded on each medium 50 with a seeder. At this time, as seeds, coated seeds (for example, 3 to 5 mm in diameter) formed by coating talc or the like to make the particle size uniform so as to be sown with a seeder can be used.

  The germination step K2 is a step of germinating the seeds sown in the medium 50 in the sowing step K1 in the germination chamber 11 in which the environment such as temperature, humidity, and illuminance is controlled. It can be confirmed that it germinates in 1 to 2 days and then grows into a foliage in about 2 weeks.

  In the seedling raising process K3, in the seedling room 12, the germinated seedling stock is transplanted into a seedling pad (not shown) of 104 to 300 strains in accordance with the growth, and the seedling pad is placed in the nursery water tank for about 2 It is a process of raising seedlings for a week.

  In the fixed planting / growing step K4, as shown in FIG. 3, in the fixed planting / growing room 13, the grown seedling stock N (for example, 15 to 30 strains) is transplanted to the floating plant 51 for planting, and the floating plant for planting. 51 is floated (fixed planted) on the surface of the nutrient solution Y accommodated in the fixed planting / growing moving path 52, and the seedling stock N planted through the fixed planting floating body 51 is transferred to the fixed planting / growing moving path 52. In this process, the crop is grown in about two weeks to become a crop (cultivated crop) M that can be harvested.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the planting floating body 51 has a large number of regular planting holes 54 penetrating in the thickness direction in a floating body piece 53 formed in a square plate shape (square plate shape in the present embodiment). (For example, 15 to 30). The planting hole 54 is formed in an inverted frustoconical shape, and its inner peripheral surface is a tapered surface. When transplanting the seedling stock N to the planting hole 54, a sponge piece 55 formed in a rod shape with a square cross section is wound around the culture medium 50 of the nursery stock N as a medium holding spacer, and the planting is performed in the same state. It fits into the hole 54 from above. In this inserted state, the culture medium 50 of the seedling stock N is held in the middle of the fixed planting hole 54 whose inner peripheral surface is a tapered surface, the root side of the seedling stock N is held in the air, and the root tip The side is immersed in the nutrient solution Y. On the back surface side of the floating body piece 53, rib pieces 56 for reinforcing the floating body piece 53 are formed in a lattice shape. The planting floating body 51 can be integrally formed with a material that floats on the liquid surface of the nutrient solution Y, for example, polystyrene foam.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the moving path 52 for planting / growing accommodates the nutrient solution Y in a box-shaped water tank 57 having an upper surface opened and extending in the left-right direction (longitudinal shape). It is comprised so that it may become. In this way, the planting / growing movement path 52 can be configured with a simple structure, and a crop can be grown while moving a required number of the planting floating bodies 51 steadily and harvested systematically.

  In the present embodiment, the left end 58 of the water tank 57 is used as the start end of the planting / growing movement path 52 that is the supply side of the planting floating body 51, while the right end 59 of the water tank 57 is the recovery side of the planting floating body 51. It is the end of a certain planting / growing movement path 52. That is, in the planting / growing moving path 52, in FIG. 3, the required number of planting floating bodies 51 are moved from the left end 58 of the water tank 57 on the supply side to the right end 59 of the water tank 57 on the collection side. However, the nursery stock N planted on the surface of the nutrient solution Y in the water tank 57 through the planting floating body 51 is grown within a certain period (for example, two weeks). Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the base end of the nutrient solution return flow path 43 is connected to the left end 58 of the water tank 57, while the start end of the nutrient solution feed flow path 42 is connected to the right end 59 of the water tank 57. Thus, a fixed planting / growing movement path 52 in which the nutrient solution Y flows from the right end 59 to the left end 58 of the water tank 57 is formed in the water tank 57.

  In the harvesting process K5, the crop grown in the planting / growing room 13 is collected from the planting / growing moving path 52 together with the planting floating body 51, and the automatic guided vehicle 60 equipped with a lifting platform (FIGS. 1 and FIG. 1). 2), the planted floating body 51 is loaded into the harvesting room 15 by the automatic guided vehicle 60, and the crop M grown on the planting floating body 51 is cut from the root in the harvesting room 15 Thus, the crop M is separated and harvested from the floating plant 51 for planting. The cut roots are discarded with the medium 50 attached.

  The packing process K6 is a process in which the crops M harvested in the harvesting process K5 are packaged one by one with a packing film, and the packaged crops M are packed into a predetermined box in a required number.

  In the cultivation process K configured as described above, the gist of the present invention resides in the planting / growing process K4. Hereinafter, the planting / growing step K4 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

(Set planting / nurturing process K4)
As shown in FIG. 4, the planting / growing process K <b> 4 includes a first process 61 to a fifth process 65.

  The first step 61 is a step of transplanting the seedling raising strain N grown in the seedling raising step K3 to the fixed planting floating body 51 through the respective planting holes 54.

  In the second step 62, the required number of the floating plants 51 for transplanting the seedlings N on the surface of the nutrient solution Y accommodated in the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 is grouped (hereinafter referred to as “planting for planting”). This is also a process of floating by human or mechanical force. Here, the required number of the planting floating bodies 51 to be one group is a multiple of the width W1 of the water tank 57 shown in FIG. The width W1 of the water tank 57 is substantially the same as a multiple of the width W2 of the planting floating body 51. In this embodiment, the width W1 of the water tank 57 is formed to be substantially the same as the width W2 of the floating plant 51 for planting, and the width direction of the water tank 57 is determined by two (two rows) of floating plants 51 for planting. To be satisfied. In this case, the required number of floating plants 51 for planting can be set to a multiple of two.

  In the third step 63, one group of the floating plant 51 for planting is sequentially supplied to the subsequent (continuous) state at predetermined intervals from the beginning of the planting / growing moving path 52, and the terminal of the planting / growing moving path 52 is terminated. This is a process of moving the ball toward the head. Here, one group of the floating bodies 51 for planting is supplied from the start end of the moving path 52 for planting / growing every predetermined time. 1-3 shown in FIGS. 1-3 is a ball | bowl movement direction.

  The fourth step 64 is a step in which the moving time of the first group of the floating plant 51 for planting that moves from the beginning to the end of the planting / growing moving path 52 is set as the growing time of the seedling stock N. That is, the time during which the leading group of the floating plant 51 for planting is moved from the beginning to the end of the moving path 52 for planting / growing while the head group is moved to the succeeding group is the growth time of the nursery stock N (for example, 14 days) Is set. In the state where the first group has reached the end of the fixed planting / growing movement path 52, the last group is arranged on the start end side of the fixed planting / growing movement path 52, and the inside of the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 Is filled with the floating plant 51 for planting, the product of the left and right width W3 of the floating plant 51 for planting and the number of one row of the floating plant 51 for planting, and the left and right extension width (fixed planting) The path length L of the movement path 52 for growth is adapted to L.

  In the fifth step 65, by supplying a group of new planting floating bodies 51 at the beginning of the planting / growing movement path 52, the existing fixed planting floating bodies 51 in the permutation are transferred to the planting / growing movement path 52. This is a step of sequentially collecting a group of floating plants 51 for planting having grown crops M grown while moving to the end.

  That is, by supplying one group of the new planting floating body 51 at the start end of the planting / cultivation moving path 52, the leading group of the planting floating body 51 reaches the terminal end of the planting / growing moving path 52. The time until a group of new planting floating bodies 51 is supplied after the required time has elapsed at the beginning of the planting / growing movement path 52 is defined as the movement time of the first group, that is, the growth time of the seedling stock N. Yes.

  Therefore, after the growth time has elapsed, the top group is collected from the end of the planting / growing movement path 52 by human power or mechanical power, and a new group is supplied from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path 52 by human power or mechanical power. Then, the 2nd group can be moved to the top group. Thereafter, the collection of the first group and the supply of the new group are repeated. At this time, the collection amount of the leading group and the supply amount of the new group are matched to ensure the consistency of the ball movement.

  In this way, the first stage 61 to the fifth stage 65 are used to grow a group of new planting floating bodies 51 at the beginning of the planting / growing moving path 52 during the period from the beginning to the end. It matches the collection time at the end of one group of the floating plant 51 for planting with the crop M.

  And, within the number of floating plants 51 for planting that can be arranged in the planting / growing movement path 52 to the maximum, the required number of floating plants 51 for planting newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path 52 is: The required number of the floating plants 51 for planting collected from the end of the moving path 52 for planting / growing is the same.

  In addition, within the number of floating plants 51 for planting that can be maximally arranged in the moving path 52 for planting / growing, the required number of floating plants 51 for planting newly planted from the beginning of the moving path 52 for planting / growing is as follows: It adjusts according to the growth time of the different seedling stock N according to the kind of crop to grow.

  More specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the water tank 57 sets the left and right extension width L to a width that can float 56 settling floating bodies 51 in one row, and has a width W1. Is set to a width capable of floating by two floating plants 51 for planting. Then, the seedling stock N having a growth time of 14 days is transplanted into the planting floating body 51, and the four planting floating bodies 51 are grouped as one group from the beginning of the planting / growing moving path 52 every day. Supply one by one. As a result, the head group is moved to the end and reaches the end of the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 on the 14th day. Subsequently, on the 15th day, the first group whose growth time has elapsed is collected, and a new group is supplied from the beginning of the planting / growing movement path 52, thereby pushing the second group up to the first group. Then, every time one day elapses, the head group is collected and the operation of supplying a new group is repeated.

  Further, if the condition that the supply timing of one group of the floating plant 51 for new planting and the collection time at the end of one group of the floating plant 51 with the growing crop M are matched, the inside of the moving path 52 for planting and growing is satisfied. The required number of the planting floating bodies 51 to be newly planted from the starting end of the planting / cultivation moving path 52 from the end of the planting / growing moving path 52 is within the number of the planting floating bodies 51 that can be arranged to the maximum. It can be made the same as the required number of floating plants 51 for planting to be collected. Therefore, in order to adapt the supply to the demand for the crop, the harvest amount can be adjusted to a large or small amount according to the harvest time (for example, the day of the week).

  That is, the number of floating plants 51 for one group is collected on a day with a high demand, and the number of floating plants 51 for a group is collected on a small day on a day with a low demand. It can be adjusted so that the total number of collections of the floating body 51 in one week unit or one month unit is the same. As a result, the cultivation management adapted to the demand can be performed finely.

  In addition, as described above, if the condition that the supply timing at the beginning of the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 is matched with the collection time at the terminal end is satisfied, the floating for planting that can be placed in the fixed planting / growing movement path 52 to the maximum extent. Within the number of bodies 51, the required number of planted floating bodies 51 to be newly planted from the beginning of the planting / growing moving path 52 is adjusted according to the growth time of the seedlings N that differ depending on the type of crop to be cultivated. can do.

  Therefore, even though the growth time (growth period) of the seedling N varies depending on the type of the crop to be cultivated, a plurality of types of planting strains 51 are provided via the fixed planting floating body 51 in the same single planting / growing moving path 52. Planting stock N can be planted and grown. Then, different types of cultivated crops can be systematically collected through the planting floating body 51. As a result, it is possible to easily and steadily carry out fine cultivation management with daily harvesting as a daily routine, and to secure a planned shipment amount of vegetables adapted to the demand of the vegetable market.

  The present embodiment is configured as described above. In the planting / growing step K4, the supply timing of the new planting floating body 51 at the beginning of the planting / growing moving path 52 is from the beginning to the end. Since it matches with the recovery time at the end of the fixed plant floating body 51 with the grown crop M grown in the meantime, the conventional technique required the trouble, that is, all the fixed plant floating from the fixed water tank at one time at the harvest time The necessity of collecting the body 51 and the necessity of laying a large number of planting floating bodies again on the liquid surface of the nutrient solution Y exposed in the planting water tank can be eliminated. Moreover, by raising the supply timing of the new planting floating body 51 to the time of recovery of the planting floating body 51, the seedling N is grown to the growing crop M over time in a stepwise manner in the planting / growing movement path 52. Thus, it is possible to efficiently perform the recovery operation and supply operation of the floating plant 51 for planting continuously.

  Then, the required number of the floating plants 51 for planting collected from the terminal end of the moving path 52 for planting / growing is made the same as the required number of the floating bodies 51 for planting newly planted from the starting end of the moving path 52 for planting / growing. be able to. Therefore, in order to adapt the supply to the demand for the crop, the harvest amount can be adjusted to a large or small amount according to the harvest time (for example, the day of the week). As a result, cultivation management can be performed finely.

  Moreover, the required number of the floating plants 51 for planting newly planted from the beginning of the moving path 52 for planting / growing can be adjusted according to the growth time of the seedling stock N that varies depending on the type of crop to be cultivated. As a result, it is possible to efficiently collect and supply the floating plant 51 for planting in the same planting / growing movement path 52, even though the growth time (growth period) of the seedling N varies depending on the type of crop to be cultivated. Can be done automatically. Moreover, it is possible to easily and steadily carry out fine cultivation management with daily harvesting as a daily routine, and to secure a planned shipment amount of vegetables adapted to the demand of the vegetable market.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the planting / growing room 13 is divided into three rooms arranged in parallel from the front to the back, and the planting / growing moving path 52 is extended in the left-right direction in each room. Arranged. The planting / growing moving paths 52 are arranged in a superposed state, with a plurality of four moving paths 52 arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction from the front to the back, and at a fixed interval in the vertical direction. ing.

  Specifically, water tanks 57 are arranged vertically in four stages on the water tank support frame 70, and four water tank support frames 70 that support the four-stage water tanks 57 are spaced apart from each other in the room. It is arranged. As a result, a total of 48 planting / growing movement paths 52 are arranged in the planting / growing room 13.

  In this way, a large number of two-dimensionally and three-dimensionally arranged planting / growing moving paths 52 are arranged in a horizontal and vertical direction to effectively use the space, so that various types of vegetables can be hydroponically cultivated. A large amount of harvest can be ensured in a planned manner for each type of vegetable.

  Moreover, a supply passage 71 that extends straight from the near side to the back and faces in common with each start end is orthogonal to the start end side of each of the four planting / growing movement paths 52 arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. Formed in a state. In addition, a collection passage 72 that extends in a straight line from the front side to the back side and faces each end in common is provided on the rear end side of each of the four planting / growing movement paths 52 arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. It is formed in an orthogonal state.

  In this way, the planting floating bodies 51 can be supplied to the starting ends of the plurality of planting / growing movement paths 52 arranged in parallel in the lateral direction through the supply passages 71 facing in common, and from each base end. The planting floating body 51 can be collected through the collection passage 72 facing in common. As a result, it is possible to consolidate each of the planting / growing moving paths 52, the supply passages 71, and the recovery passages 72, and the planting floating bodies 51 can be efficiently moved through the respective paths 71, 52, 72. . As a result, work efficiency can be improved.

  The temperature inside the greenhouse 1 is controlled to be a constant temperature of 23 to 25 ° C. And the internal pressure of the greenhouse 1 is set a little higher than the external pressure. An air shower is blown out at the entrance of the greenhouse 1. In this way, the air in the greenhouse 1 is always discharged from the inside to the outside, thereby preventing insects and the like from entering from the outside.

  Electric lights (fluorescent lamps) are arranged above the fixed planting / growing moving paths 52 arranged in four stages. It is designed to illuminate to the required illuminance depending on the type of vegetable to be grown.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plastic house 2 Ground facility part 3 Underground facility part 51 Floating body for fixed planting 52 Path for fixed planting and breeding N Nursery stock M Crop (cultivated crop)
K cultivation process K1 sowing process K2 germination process K3 seedling raising process K4 planting / growing process K5 harvesting process K6 packing process

Claims (6)

A hydroponics method in a fixed planting / growing process for growing a planted seedling stock by hydroponics,
The planting / growing process is
A first step of transplanting a seedling stock grown in the seedling raising step through each of the planting holes to a planting floating body having a large number of planting holes penetrating in the thickness direction;
A second step of floating a floating body for planting in which a seedling stock is transplanted on the surface of a nutrient solution contained in a moving path for planting and growing;
A third step of sequentially supplying a floating body for planting to the subsequent state from the beginning of the moving path for planting / growing and moving the ball toward the end of the moving path for planting / growing;
A fourth step in which the moving time of the floating plant for stationary planting that moves from the start to the end of the moving path for planting and growing is the growth time of the seedling stock;
By supplying a new planting floating body at the beginning of the planting / growing movement path, the planting with the growing crops grown while the permuted existing planting float moved to the end of the planting / growing movement path A fifth step of sequentially collecting floating bodies for the end,
By configuring more
The supply timing of the new planting floating body at the beginning of the planting / growing moving path is matched to the recovery time at the terminal end of the planting floating body with growing crops grown from the beginning to the end. Hydroponic cultivation method. Within the number of floating bodies for planting that can be maximally placed in the moving path for planting and growing,
The required number of floating plants for planting newly planted from the beginning of the moving path for planting / cultivating is the same as the required number of floating plants for planting collected from the end of the moving path for planting / growing Item 1. The hydroponic cultivation method according to item 1. Within the number of floating bodies for planting that can be maximally placed in the moving path for planting and growing,
2. The water according to claim 1, wherein the required number of the floating plants for planting newly planted from the beginning of the moving path for planting and growing is adjusted according to the growth time of the seedlings that vary depending on the type of the crop to be cultivated. Cultivation method.   The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the planting / growing moving path containing the nutrient solution is constituted by a longitudinal water tank having an upper surface opening.   5. The hydroponic according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of planting / growing movement paths containing the nutrient solution are arranged in a superposed state while being arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction and at regular intervals in the vertical direction. Cultivation method.   A supply passage that faces each of the start ends and a recovery passage that faces each end are formed at the start and rear ends of each of the planting / growing movement paths arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 5.

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