JP2011116025A - Degassing device of extruder and degassing method - Google Patents

Degassing device of extruder and degassing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2011116025A
JP2011116025A JP2009275368A JP2009275368A JP2011116025A JP 2011116025 A JP2011116025 A JP 2011116025A JP 2009275368 A JP2009275368 A JP 2009275368A JP 2009275368 A JP2009275368 A JP 2009275368A JP 2011116025 A JP2011116025 A JP 2011116025A
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Prior art keywords
rear vent
cylinder
raw material
vent
extruder
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenji Inagawa
憲司 稲川
Makoto Tojo
誠 東定
Hiroaki Shintani
浩昭 新谷
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Japan Steel Works Ltd
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Japan Steel Works Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/575—Screws provided with elements of a generally circular cross-section for shearing the melt, i.e. shear-ring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a degassing device which can prevent a rear vent and an exhaust line from being blocked by feeding a raw material solution from a raw material feed opening formed in a rear vent cylinder, and a degassing method. <P>SOLUTION: The degassing device of an extruder includes the rear vent 8, a front vent 9 and the raw material feed opening 11 arranged at the outer circumference of a cylinder 1 with an internally installed screw 2. Furthermore, a volatile substance is removed from the raw material solution 10 fed from the raw material feed opening 11 through the rear vent 8 and the front vent 9. The raw material feed opening 11 is formed in the rear vent cylinder 5 of the cylinder 1 with the rear vent 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、押出機の脱揮装置に関し、特に、リヤベントシリンダに設けた原料供給口から原料溶液を供給することにより、リヤベント及び排気ラインの閉塞を防止するための新規な改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a devolatilizing apparatus for an extruder, and more particularly to a novel improvement for preventing a rear vent and an exhaust line from being blocked by supplying a raw material solution from a raw material supply port provided in a rear vent cylinder.

従来、用いられいたこの種の押出機の脱揮装置としては、例えば、特許文献１に開示された構成を図８に示すことができる。
すなわち、図８において符号１で示されるものは二軸型のスクリュ２が回転自在に内設されたシリンダであり、このスクリュ２はモータ３及び減速機４を介して回転駆動するように構成されている。 As a conventional devolatilization apparatus for this type of extruder, for example, the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be shown in FIG.
That is, what is indicated by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 8 is a cylinder in which a biaxial screw 2 is rotatably provided, and this screw 2 is configured to be rotationally driven via a motor 3 and a speed reducer 4. ing.

前記シリンダ１は、図示上は、リヤベントシリンダ５、原料溶液供給シリンダ６及びフロントベントシリンダ７の３ブロック（３ブロック以上も可）によって構成され、このシリンダ１の上流側１Ａにはリヤベント８が設けられ、その下流側１Ｂにはフロントベント９が配設されている。
前記リヤベント８とフロントベント９との間には、原料溶液１０をシリンダ１内に供給するための原料供給口１１が形成されている。 The cylinder 1 is constituted by three blocks (three or more blocks are possible) of a rear vent cylinder 5, a raw material solution supply cylinder 6 and a front vent cylinder 7, and a rear vent 8 is provided on the upstream side 1A of the cylinder 1 in the drawing. A front vent 9 is disposed on the downstream side 1B.
A raw material supply port 11 for supplying the raw material solution 10 into the cylinder 1 is formed between the rear vent 8 and the front vent 9.

前記リヤベント８には、排気ライン１２が接続されてガス等が廃棄され、前記フロントベント９には真空ポンプ等に接続された真空排気ライン１３が接続され、前記スクリュ２の前記フロントベント９側には、ニーディングディスク等からなる混練部１４が設けられている。   An exhaust line 12 is connected to the rear vent 8 to discard gas or the like. A vacuum exhaust line 13 connected to a vacuum pump or the like is connected to the front vent 9, and the screw 2 is connected to the front vent 9 side. Is provided with a kneading section 14 made of a kneading disk or the like.

次に、動作について説明する。前記シリンダ１内に内挿されたスクリュ２はモータ３の回転により減速機４を介して回転する。
このスクリュ２の回転により原料供給口１１からシリンダ１内に供給された揮発性物質を含む原料溶液１０は、この原料供給口１１に対して下流側に配備したフロントベント９を通過し、図示していないシリンダ１の先端の吐出口から図示しない水中カット装置へ供給される。 Next, the operation will be described. The screw 2 inserted into the cylinder 1 is rotated via the speed reducer 4 by the rotation of the motor 3.
The raw material solution 10 containing a volatile substance supplied into the cylinder 1 from the raw material supply port 11 by the rotation of the screw 2 passes through the front vent 9 arranged on the downstream side with respect to the raw material supply port 11, and is illustrated. It is supplied to the underwater cutting device (not shown) from the discharge port at the tip of the cylinder 1 that is not.

前記原料供給口１１の上流側に位置するリヤベント８では、原料溶液１０の供給時にこの原料溶液１０から分離した揮発性物質を除去し、原料溶液１０の濃縮化が行われる。
次に、前記フロントベント９では、図示していない真空ポンプによって減圧状態にされ、この原料溶液１０から揮発性物質が脱揮され、原料溶液１０中の揮発性物質濃度が低下する。
このフロントベント９は、図では１段であるが、押出される原料中に残留する揮発性物質濃度の効率的な低減のために多段状に配備されることもある。
この場合、各ベント８，９・・・間には、スクリュ２に混練部１４を組み込み、シリンダ１内に原料溶液１０を十分に充満させ、気密性を保持させて減圧状態としている。 At the rear vent 8 located on the upstream side of the raw material supply port 11, volatile substances separated from the raw material solution 10 are removed when the raw material solution 10 is supplied, and the raw material solution 10 is concentrated.
Next, the front vent 9 is decompressed by a vacuum pump (not shown), volatile substances are devolatilized from the raw material solution 10, and the volatile substance concentration in the raw material solution 10 is lowered.
Although the front vent 9 is a single stage in the figure, it may be arranged in multiple stages in order to efficiently reduce the concentration of volatile substances remaining in the raw material to be extruded.
In this case, the kneading part 14 is incorporated in the screw 2 between the vents 8, 9..., The cylinder solution 1 is sufficiently filled with the raw material solution 10, and the airtightness is maintained and the pressure is reduced.

特開平１１−２６８０９８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-268098

従来の押出機の脱揮装置は、以上のように構成されていたため、次のような課題が存在していた。
すなわち、押出機にリヤベントを配備し、原料供給口から原料溶液を供給した際に分離した揮発性物質を除去し、原料溶液を濃縮している。しかし、原料溶液の組成物（プラスチック、または、合成ゴム）自体の溶融粘度が高く、揮発性物質濃度が高い場合、供給する原料溶液自体の温度と、原料供給口での圧力の変化により、原料溶液中の揮発性物質が膨張し、組成物から分離する際に、組成物を崩壊させると共に、分離した揮発性物質が組成物から熱を奪うため、組成物が粉々の粒子となり、分離した揮発性物質と共にリヤベントに輸送され、粉々の粒子がリヤベントの開口穴及び排気ラインを閉塞させてしまう問題がある。
このような場合、従来装置では、図９のように、原料供給口１１からリヤベント８までの空間面積Ａ１が約０．６Ｄ２ （シリンダ内径）と小さいため、原料供給口からリヤベントまでのシリンダとスクリュで形成される空間容積を大きくして、原料供給口からリヤベントにかけて流れる揮発性物質のガス流体の流速を低下させる対策を取るが、単に、空間容積を大きくするだけでは不十分で、組成物が粉々の粒子を捕獲し、押出機の下流側へ搬送するスクリュの径も同時に大きくする必要がある。そのため、例え、原料溶液の脱揮処理量が少なくても大きい装置が必要となり、そのような脱揮設備を導入する場合、投資金額が高くなり、設備投資に慎重にならざるを得なかった。 Since the conventional devolatilization apparatus of the extruder is configured as described above, the following problems exist.
That is, a rear vent is provided in the extruder to remove volatile substances separated when the raw material solution is supplied from the raw material supply port, thereby concentrating the raw material solution. However, if the composition of the raw material solution (plastic or synthetic rubber) itself has a high melt viscosity and a high concentration of volatile substances, the raw material solution itself will change depending on the temperature of the raw material solution supplied and the pressure at the raw material supply port When the volatile substance in the solution expands and separates from the composition, the composition collapses and the separated volatile substance takes heat from the composition, so that the composition becomes small particles and the separated volatile substance There is a problem that the particles are transported together with the active substance to the rear vent and the particles of particles block the opening hole of the rear vent and the exhaust line.
In such a case, in the conventional apparatus, the space area A1 from the raw material supply port 11 to the rear vent 8 is as small as about 0.6D 2 (cylinder inner diameter) as shown in FIG. Measures are taken to increase the space volume formed by the screw and reduce the flow rate of the gas fluid of the volatile substance flowing from the raw material supply port to the rear vent, but simply increasing the space volume is not sufficient. However, it is necessary to simultaneously increase the diameter of the screw that captures the dust particles and conveys them to the downstream side of the extruder. For this reason, even if the amount of devolatilization treatment of the raw material solution is small, a large apparatus is required. When such a devolatilization facility is introduced, the amount of investment becomes high, and it is necessary to be cautious about capital investment.

本発明による押出機の脱揮装置は、スクリュを内設したシリンダの外周にリヤベントとフロントベント及び原料供給口とを有し、前記原料供給口から供給された原料溶液から揮発性物質を前記リヤベント及びフロントベントから除去するようにした押出機の脱揮装置において、前記原料供給口は、前記リヤベントが設けられた前記シリンダのリヤベントシリンダに設けられている構成であり、また、前記原料供給口は、前記リヤベントシリンダの周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライトのスクリュフライト上部端より下方に位置する前記リヤベントシリンダの側面又は底面に配設され、前記リヤベントのリヤベント開口穴は前記リヤベントシリンダの上面に形成されている構成であり、また、前記リヤベント開口穴の開口面積は、二軸スクリュ押出機の場合で、２.０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ２（Ｄは二軸スクリュ押出機のシリンダの内径）とした構成であり、また、本発明による押出機の脱揮方法は、スクリュを内設したシリンダの外周にリヤベントとフロントベント及び原料供給口とを有し、前記原料供給口から供給された原料溶液から揮発性物質を前記リヤベント及びフロントベントから除去するようにした押出機の脱揮方法において、前記原料供給口は、前記リヤベントが設けられた前記シリンダのリヤベントシリンダに設けられている方法であり、また、前記原料供給口は、前記リヤベントシリンダの周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライトのスクリュフライト上部端より下方に位置する前記リヤベントシリンダの側面又は底面に配設され、前記リヤベントのリヤベント開口穴は前記リヤベントシリンダの上面に形成されている方法であり、また、前記リヤベント開口穴の開口面積は、二軸スクリュ押出機の場合で、２.０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ２（Ｄは二軸スクリュ押出機のシリンダの内径）とした方法である。 The devolatilizer for an extruder according to the present invention has a rear vent, a front vent, and a raw material supply port on the outer periphery of a cylinder provided with a screw, and removes a volatile substance from the raw material solution supplied from the raw material supply port. In the devolatilization apparatus for an extruder that is removed from the front vent, the raw material supply port is provided in a rear vent cylinder of the cylinder provided with the rear vent, and the raw material supply port Is arranged on a side surface or a bottom surface of the rear vent cylinder, which is positioned in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder and below the screw flight upper end of the screw flight in the screw shaft cross section, and the rear vent opening hole of the rear vent is The rear vent cylinder is formed on the upper surface, and the opening area of the rear vent opening hole is In the case of twin screw extruder, 2.0D 2 ≦ A ≦ 10D 2 (D is the inner diameter of the cylinder of the twin screw extruder) a configuration was also de揮方method of the extruder according to the invention, An extruder having a rear vent, a front vent, and a raw material supply port on the outer periphery of a cylinder having a screw, and removing volatile substances from the raw material solution supplied from the raw material supply port from the rear vent and the front vent. In the devolatilization method, the raw material supply port is a method provided in a rear vent cylinder of the cylinder provided with the rear vent, and the raw material supply port is in a circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder, And disposed on a side surface or a bottom surface of the rear vent cylinder located below a screw flight upper end of the screw flight in a cross section of the screw shaft. The rear vent opening hole of the vent is a method formed in the upper surface of the rear vent cylinder, and the opening area of the rear vent opening hole is 2.0D 2 ≦ A ≦ 10D 2 in the case of a twin screw extruder. (D is the inner diameter of the cylinder of the twin screw extruder).

本発明による押出機の脱揮装置及び方法は、以上のように構成されているため、次のような効果を得ることができる。
すなわち、リヤベントに直接、原料溶液を供給する原料供給口を設置し、その原料供給口は、リヤベントシリンダの周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライト上部端より下に位置するリヤベントシリンダの横、または下部に配備し、揮発性物質を系外に除去するためのリヤベントの開口穴は、リヤベントの上部に配備することにより、原料溶液の供給と共に分離した揮発性物質のガスが、リヤベントの開口穴全体に拡散して上昇するようになるため、ガス流体の流速を低下することができ、かつ、原料供給口が輸送スクリュが介在する位置にあり、粉々になった組成物粒子を捕獲し、押出機下流側へ搬送することができるため、粉々の粒子がリヤベントの開口穴及び排気ラインを閉塞させる問題を発生させずに、揮発性物質のみを除去することを可能にしたため、シリンダを径大化して装置を大きくする必要がなくなる。
また、リヤベントに対応して直接原料供給口を配備するため、従来、リヤベント、原料供給口、それぞれ専用のシリンダブロックが必要で機械が長くなっていたが、一体型にすることにより、シリンダブロックを１ブロック削減でき、機械の長さを短くすることも可能となる。
従来装置では、揮発性物質のガス流速は、原料供給口からリヤベントまでのシリンダとスクリュで形成される空間容積に左右され、その面積は０．６Ｄ２であったが、本発明では、従来構成と比べて揮発性物質のガス流速を、約１／３〜１／１７に低下できる。 Since the devolatilization apparatus and method of the extruder according to the present invention are configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, a raw material supply port for supplying a raw material solution directly to the rear vent is installed, and the raw material supply port is located in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder and below the upper end of the screw flight in the screw shaft cross section. The rear vent opening hole for removing volatile substances out of the system is located at the side or the bottom of the rear vent. Because it diffuses and rises over the entire opening hole, the flow rate of the gas fluid can be reduced, and the raw material supply port is located at the position where the transport screw is interposed, so that the composition particles shattered are captured. However, since it can be transported to the downstream side of the extruder, only particles of volatile substances are generated without causing the problem that the particles of particles block the opening hole of the rear vent and the exhaust line. Because made it possible to to, it is not necessary to increase the device with a large diameter of the cylinder.
In addition, since the raw material supply port is directly arranged corresponding to the rear vent, the rear vent, the raw material supply port, and the dedicated cylinder block have been conventionally required, and the machine has been lengthened. One block can be reduced, and the length of the machine can be shortened.
In the conventional apparatus, the gas flow rate of the volatile substance depends on the space volume formed by the cylinder and the screw from the raw material supply port to the rear vent, and the area thereof is 0.6D 2. The gas flow rate of the volatile substance can be reduced to about 1/3 to 1/17.

本発明による押出機の脱揮装置を示す概略構成図（軸方向断面図）である。It is a schematic block diagram (axial direction sectional drawing) which shows the devolatilization apparatus of the extruder by this invention. 図１における揮発性物質のガス流路及びリヤベントの開口穴面積を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the gas flow path of the volatile substance in FIG. 1, and the opening hole area of a rear vent. 図１の原料供給口の同方向噛み合い二軸スクリュの状態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the state of the same direction meshing biaxial screw of the raw material supply port of FIG. 図３の二軸スクリュの異方向噛み合い二軸スクリュの原料供給口の状態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the state of the raw material supply port of the different direction meshing biaxial screw of the biaxial screw of FIG. 図４の各スクリュの逆方向回転の原料供給口の状態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the state of the raw material supply port of the reverse direction rotation of each screw of FIG. 本発明における二軸スクリュの他の回転状態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other rotation state of the biaxial screw in this invention. 図６の他の形態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other form of FIG. 従来の押出機の脱揮装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the devolatilization apparatus of the conventional extruder. 図８の脱揮装置における揮発性物質のガス流路及び空間断面積を示す概略構成図（軸断面図）である。It is a schematic block diagram (axial sectional drawing) which shows the gas flow path and space sectional area of a volatile substance in the devolatilization apparatus of FIG.

本発明は、上記のような従来の問題を解決するためになされたもので、特に、リヤベントに対応して原料供給口を設け、押出機に原料溶液を提供した際に、分離した揮発性物質を除去するリヤベントにおいて、粉々の粒子により、リヤベントの開口穴及び排気ラインを閉塞させる従来の問題を発生させずに揮発性物質のみを除去し、脱揮装置を大型にすることがない押出機の脱揮装置及び方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above. In particular, when a raw material supply port is provided corresponding to the rear vent and the raw material solution is provided to the extruder, the separated volatile substance is obtained. In a rear vent that removes volatile substances, it removes only volatile substances without causing the conventional problem of blocking the rear vent opening hole and the exhaust line due to shattered particles, and does not increase the size of the devolatilizer. An object is to provide a devolatilization apparatus and method.

以下、図面と共に本発明による押出機の脱揮装置及び方法の好適な実施の形態について説明する。
尚、従来例と同一又は同等部分については、同一符号を用いて説明する。
図１において、符号１で示される二軸型のスクリュ２が回転自在に内設されたシリンダであり、このスクリュ２はモータ３及び減速機４を介して回転駆動するように構成されている。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an devolatilizing apparatus and method for an extruder according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Note that the same or equivalent parts as in the conventional example will be described using the same reference numerals.
In FIG. 1, a biaxial screw 2 denoted by reference numeral 1 is a cylinder in which the screw 2 is rotatably provided. The screw 2 is configured to be rotationally driven via a motor 3 and a speed reducer 4.

前記シリンダ１の外周には、図示上は、リヤベントシリンダ５及びフロントベントシリンダ７の２ブロック（２ブロック以上も可）によって構成され、このシリンダ１の上流側１Ａの上部にはリヤベント８が設けられ、その下流側１Ｂにはフロントベント９が配設されている。
前記リヤベント８が設けられたリヤベントシリンダ５の前記リヤベント８と対応する位置には、原料溶液１０をシリンダ１内に供給するための原料供給口１１が設けられている。 In the figure, the outer periphery of the cylinder 1 is constituted by two blocks (two or more blocks are possible) of a rear vent cylinder 5 and a front vent cylinder 7, and a rear vent 8 is provided at the upper part of the upstream side 1A of the cylinder 1. A front vent 9 is disposed on the downstream side 1B.
A raw material supply port 11 for supplying the raw material solution 10 into the cylinder 1 is provided at a position corresponding to the rear vent 8 of the rear vent cylinder 5 provided with the rear vent 8.

前記原料供給口１１は、リヤベントシリンダ５の周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライトのスクリュフライト上部端２０（図３、図４、図５に示す）より下方に位置する前記リヤベントシリンダ５の側面１Ｃ又は底面１Ｄに配設され、このリヤベント８のリヤベント開口穴８Ａは前記リヤベントシリンダ５の上面にハッチング模様で示すように形成されている。   The raw material supply port 11 is located in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder 5 and below the screw flight upper end 20 (shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5) of the screw flight in the screw shaft cross section. The rear vent opening 8A of the rear vent 8 is formed on the upper surface of the rear vent cylinder 5 as shown by a hatching pattern.

前記リヤベント８には、排気ライン１２が接続されてガス等が排気され、前記フロントベント９には真空モータ等に接続された真空排気ライン１３が接続され、前記スクリュ２の前記フロントベント９側には、ニーディングディスク等からなる混練部１４が設けられている。   An exhaust line 12 is connected to the rear vent 8 to exhaust gas or the like, and a vacuum exhaust line 13 connected to a vacuum motor or the like is connected to the front vent 9, and the screw 2 is connected to the front vent 9 side. Is provided with a kneading section 14 made of a kneading disk or the like.

次に、動作について説明する。前記シリンダ１内に内挿されたスクリュ２はモータ３の回転により減速機４を介して回転する。
このスクリュ２の回転により原料供給口１１から供給された揮発性物質を含む原料溶液１０は、リヤベント８のリヤベント開口穴８Ａから図３、図４、図５で示されるように揮発性物質が分離除去されると共に、シリンダ１内に内挿されたスクリュ２の回転により下流側へ輸送され、原料供給口１１に対して下流側に配設したフロントベント９を通過し、さらに、揮発性物質を除去しつつ図示されていないシリンダ１のシリンダ先端から吐出される。 Next, the operation will be described. The screw 2 inserted into the cylinder 1 is rotated via the speed reducer 4 by the rotation of the motor 3.
The raw material solution 10 containing the volatile substance supplied from the raw material supply port 11 by the rotation of the screw 2 is separated from the volatile substance from the rear vent opening hole 8A of the rear vent 8 as shown in FIGS. In addition to being removed, the screw 2 inserted into the cylinder 1 is transported downstream by the rotation of the screw 2, passes through the front vent 9 disposed downstream of the raw material supply port 11, and further removes volatile substances. While being removed, the liquid is discharged from the cylinder tip of the cylinder 1 (not shown).

前記原料供給口１１は、前述のように、リヤベントシリンダ５の周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面で前記スクリュフライト上部端２０より下方に位置するリヤベントシリンダ５の横（側面１Ｃ）又は下部（底面１Ｄ）に配設され、リヤベント開口穴８Ａは、シリンダ１の上部に配設されている。   The raw material supply port 11 is, as described above, the side (side surface 1C) or the lower portion of the rear vent cylinder 5 positioned in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder 5 and below the screw flight upper end 20 in the screw shaft cross section. The rear vent opening hole 8 </ b> A is disposed in the upper surface of the cylinder 1.

従って、前述の構成により、分離した揮発性物質のガスがリヤベント８のリヤベント開口穴８Ａ全体に拡散して上昇するようになり、流体が流れる空間容積も拡大することができるため、分離した揮発性物質のガス流体の流速が低下して、粉々になった組成物の粒子がガス流体の流れにより浮上することなく、リヤベント開口穴８Ａから揮発性物質のみシリンダ１の系外へ除去することができる。   Therefore, the gas of the separated volatile substance diffuses and rises throughout the rear vent opening hole 8A of the rear vent 8, and the volume of the space through which the fluid flows can be increased by the above-described configuration. Only the volatile substance can be removed out of the cylinder 1 from the rear vent opening hole 8A without the flow rate of the gas fluid of the substance being reduced and the particles of the composition in the form of particles broken up by the flow of the gas fluid. .

また、原料供給口１１がスクリュ２が介在した位置であるため、粉々になった組成物の粒子をスクリュ２が捕獲して搬送することができるため、粉々になった組成物の粒子がリヤベント開口穴８Ａや排気ライン１２に従来のように堆積して揮発性物質の排気及び排出を妨げることはない。   In addition, since the raw material supply port 11 is located at the position where the screw 2 is interposed, since the screw 2 can capture and convey the particles of the pulverized composition, the particles of the pulverized composition can be transferred to the rear vent opening. It does not interfere with the exhaust and discharge of volatile substances by depositing in the holes 8A and the exhaust line 12 as in the prior art.

本発明におけるリヤベント開口穴８Ａの形状は、シリンダ１の製作時の加工を考慮した場合、丸型もしくは四角型（図２で示す）が望ましい。また、リヤベント開口穴８Ａの開口面積Ａは大きければ大きいほど、揮発性物質のガス流速を低下させることができるが、シリンダ１の剛性を考慮すると、二軸スクリュ押出機の場合、２．０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ2（Ｄはシリンダ内径（ｍｍ）である）とすることが好ましいことが判明した。 The shape of the rear vent opening hole 8A in the present invention is preferably a round shape or a square shape (shown in FIG. 2) in consideration of processing at the time of manufacturing the cylinder 1. Further, the larger the opening area A of the rear vent opening hole 8A, the lower the gas flow rate of the volatile substance, but considering the rigidity of the cylinder 1, in the case of the twin screw extruder, 2.0D 2 It has been found that it is preferable to satisfy ≦ A ≦ 10D 2 (D is a cylinder inner diameter (mm)).

尚、前述のリヤベント開口穴８Ａの空間面積Ａの範囲は、通常に使用されるシリンダ１では、開口面積Ａとシリンダ内径Ｄは実測値より、一般的に次の関係となる。
標準ベントの場合 ：Ａ≒２．４Ｄ２
ロングベントの場合：Ａ≒９．０Ｄ２
上記の関係から、本件では開口面積Ａの適用可能な範囲として、
２．０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ２
としている。
また、流速の低減効果については、発明の効果として、「ガス流速を、約１／３〜１／１７に低下できる。」としているが、この値は実験値ではなく、理論値であって、ガス流速は、以下の式で求めることができる。
Ｖ＝Ｑ／Ａ Ｖ：ガス流速
Ｑ：ガス流
Ａ：開口面積
従来技術におけるＡは、図９に示す空間面積Ａ１に相当するが、ここで空間面積Ａ１とシリンダ内径Ｄは実測値より、一般的に次の関係となる。
空間面積Ａ１＝０．６Ｄ２
この空間面積Ａ１と、前述の開口面積Ａからガス流速Ｖを比較すると、Ｑは一定であるため
（０．６Ｄ２）÷（２．０Ｄ2）＝約１／３
（０．６Ｄ２）÷（１０Ｄ２）＝約１／１７
即ち、ガス流速の低減は、約1／３〜１／１７となることが明らかである。 The range of the space area A of the rear vent opening hole 8A described above generally has the following relationship between the opening area A and the cylinder inner diameter D from the actually measured values in the cylinder 1 that is normally used.
For standard vent: A ≒ 2.4D 2
For long vent: A ≒ 9.0D 2
From the above relationship, as an applicable range of the opening area A in this case,
2.0D 2 ≦ A ≦ 10D 2
It is said.
As for the effect of reducing the flow rate, the effect of the invention is that “the gas flow rate can be reduced to about 1/3 to 1/17.” However, this value is not an experimental value but a theoretical value. The gas flow rate can be obtained by the following equation.
V = Q / A V: Gas flow rate
Q: Gas flow
A: Opening area A in the prior art corresponds to the space area A1 shown in FIG. 9, but here, the space area A1 and the cylinder inner diameter D generally have the following relationship from the actually measured values.
Spatial area A1 = 0.6D 2
When the gas flow velocity V is compared from the space area A1 and the opening area A described above, since Q is constant, (0.6D 2 ) ÷ (2.0D 2 ) = about 1/3
(0.6D 2 ) ÷ (10D 2 ) = about 1/17
That is, it is clear that the reduction of the gas flow rate is about 1/3 to 1/17.

本発明は、押出機の揮発成分の脱揮装置及び方法だけではなく、食品や薬品等の押出成形にも適用可能である。   The present invention is applicable not only to a devolatilizing apparatus and method for volatile components of an extruder, but also to extrusion molding of food, medicine, and the like.

１ シリンダ
２ スクリュ
３ モータ
４ 減速機
５ リヤベントシリンダ
７ フロントベントシリンダ
８ リヤベント
８Ａ リヤベント開口穴
９ フロントベント
１０ 原料溶液
１１ 原料供給口
１２ 排気ライン
１３ 真空排気ライン
１４ 混練部
２０ スクリュフライト上部端
１Ｃ 側面
１Ｄ 底面
Ａ 開口面積 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 2 Screw 3 Motor 4 Reduction gear 5 Rear vent cylinder 7 Front vent cylinder 8 Rear vent 8A Rear vent opening hole 9 Front vent 10 Raw material solution 11 Raw material supply port 12 Exhaust line 13 Vacuum exhaust line 14 Kneading part 20 Screw flight upper end 1C Side surface 1D Bottom A Opening area

Claims (6)

スクリュ(2)を内設したシリンダ(1)の外周にリヤベント(8)とフロントベント(9)及び原料供給口(11)とを有し、前記原料供給口(11)から供給された原料溶液(10)から揮発性物質を前記リヤベント(8)及びフロントベント(9)から除去するようにした押出機の脱揮装置において、
前記原料供給口(11)は、前記リヤベント(8)が設けられた前記シリンダ(1)のリヤベントシリンダ(5)に設けられていることを特徴とする押出機の脱揮装置。 The raw material solution supplied from the raw material supply port (11) has a rear vent (8), a front vent (9) and a raw material supply port (11) on the outer periphery of the cylinder (1) provided with the screw (2). In the devolatilization apparatus for the extruder, in which volatile substances are removed from the rear vent (8) and the front vent (9) from (10),
The devolatilizing apparatus for an extruder, wherein the raw material supply port (11) is provided in a rear vent cylinder (5) of the cylinder (1) provided with the rear vent (8). 前記原料供給口(11)は、前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライトのスクリュフライト上部端(20)より下方に位置する前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の側面(1C)又は底面(1D)に配設され、前記リヤベント(8)のリヤベント開口穴(8A)は前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の上面に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の押出機の脱揮装置。   The raw material supply port (11) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder (5) and in the rear vent cylinder (5) located below the screw flight upper end (20) of the screw flight in the screw shaft cross section. The rear vent opening hole (8A) is disposed on a side surface (1C) or a bottom surface (1D), and a rear vent opening hole (8A) of the rear vent (8) is formed on an upper surface of the rear vent cylinder (5). Extruder devolatilizer. 前記リヤベント開口穴(8A)の開口面積(A)は、二軸スクリュ押出機の場合で、２.０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ２（Ｄは二軸スクリュ押出機のシリンダの内径）であることを特徴とする請求項２記載の押出機の脱揮装置。 The opening area (A) of the rear vent opening hole (8A) is 2.0D 2 ≦ A ≦ 10D 2 (D is the inner diameter of the cylinder of the twin screw extruder) in the case of the twin screw extruder. The devolatilizing apparatus for an extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: スクリュ(2)を内設したシリンダ(1)の外周にリヤベント(8)とフロントベント(9)及び原料供給口(11)とを有し、前記原料供給口(11)から供給された原料溶液(10)から揮発性物質を前記リヤベント(8)及びフロントベント(9)から除去するようにした押出機の脱揮方法において、
前記原料供給口(11)は、前記リヤベント(8)が設けられた前記シリンダ(1)のリヤベントシリンダ(5)に設けられていることを特徴とする押出機の脱揮方法。 The raw material solution supplied from the raw material supply port (11) has a rear vent (8), a front vent (9) and a raw material supply port (11) on the outer periphery of the cylinder (1) provided with the screw (2). In the devolatilization method of the extruder in which volatile substances are removed from the rear vent (8) and the front vent (9) from (10),
A method for devolatilizing an extruder, wherein the raw material supply port (11) is provided in a rear vent cylinder (5) of the cylinder (1) provided with the rear vent (8). 前記原料供給口(11)は、前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の周方向で、かつ、スクリュ軸断面でスクリュフライトのスクリュフライト上部端(20)より下方に位置する前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の側面(1C)又は底面(1D)に配設され、前記リヤベント(8)のリヤベント開口穴(8A)は前記リヤベントシリンダ(5)の上面に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項４記載の押出機の脱揮方法。   The raw material supply port (11) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rear vent cylinder (5) and in the rear vent cylinder (5) located below the screw flight upper end (20) of the screw flight in the screw shaft cross section. The rear vent opening hole (8A) is disposed on a side surface (1C) or a bottom surface (1D), and a rear vent opening hole (8A) of the rear vent (8) is formed on an upper surface of the rear vent cylinder (5). Devolatilization method of the extruder. 前記リヤベント開口穴(8A)の開口面積(A)は、二軸スクリュ押出機の場合で、２.０Ｄ２≦Ａ≦１０Ｄ２（Ｄは二軸スクリュ押出機のシリンダの内径）であることを特徴とする請求項５記載の押出機の脱揮方法。 The opening area (A) of the rear vent opening hole (8A) is 2.0D 2 ≦ A ≦ 10D 2 (D is the inner diameter of the cylinder of the twin screw extruder) in the case of the twin screw extruder. The devolatilizing method for an extruder according to claim 5.
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US11230033B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2022-01-25 Shibaura Machine Co., Ltd. Extruder screw including conveyance portions and paths within the conveyance portions, extruder, and extrusion method

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