JP2011087552A - Method and apparatus for culturing microalgae - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for culturing microalgae Download PDF

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JP2011087552A
JP2011087552A JP2009255490A JP2009255490A JP2011087552A JP 2011087552 A JP2011087552 A JP 2011087552A JP 2009255490 A JP2009255490 A JP 2009255490A JP 2009255490 A JP2009255490 A JP 2009255490A JP 2011087552 A JP2011087552 A JP 2011087552A
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Toshiro Sekine
敏朗 関根
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for culturing microalgae in more inexpensive cost of equipment, providing low risks of damages by animalcules such as rotifer preying the microalgae, and capable of carrying out effective stirring. <P>SOLUTION: The method for culturing the microalgae by using a horizontal flow channel a being nearly horizontal and having a first flow channel terminal part and a second flow channel terminal part, and a culture device of the microalgae, while irradiating a stored liquid with solar light includes feeding a gas into a storing vessel b at daytime in an exhaust mechanism-stopped state, culturing the microalgae in the horizontal flow channel, continuing the culture for two or more days, harvesting the nearly whole amount of the microalgae-suspended liquid except the liquid stored in the storing vessel, holding the microalgae-suspended liquid stored in the storing vessel in an anaerobic condition to deaden the preying animalcules such as the rotifer, adding a culture liquid to the microalgae suspension, and carrying out the culture again. The apparatus therefor is also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

本発明はクロレラ等微細藻類を増殖させるための方法及び装置に関するものであり、畜産廃水等有機性廃水の浄化処理、ＣＯ２固定に利用できる。  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for growing microalgae such as chlorella, and can be used for purification treatment of organic wastewater such as livestock wastewater and CO2 fixation.

従来、微細藻類の培養法の一つとして開放池法がある。開放池法は、通常屋外に設置された水深５０ｃｍ以内の浅い池において、微細藻類を太陽光の照射により培養するものである。開放池は、常に微細藻類を捕食する微小動物の汚染に曝されている。ワムシ、特に遊泳性ワムシは、微細藻類をよく捕食し、繁殖力が大きいので、この遊泳性ワムシによる被害防止が、微細藻類を安定的に効率よく培養するための大きな課題であった。
このようなことから、発明者は、この課題を解決するための、特許第３８４４３６５号のクロレラ等微細藻類の培養に関する技術を考案した。この技術により、広い開放池において、殺虫剤を用いないで微細藻類を捕食する微小動物を抑制し、さらに効果的な微細藻類液の攪拌によって、微細藻類を安定的に効率よく培養することが可能となった。
しかし、生産した微細藻類を飼料やバイオ燃料に利用するには、培養施設費がまだまだ高価であるという欠点がある。
特許第３８４４３６５号公報 Conventionally, there is an open pond method as one of the culture methods of microalgae. In the open pond method, microalgae are cultured by irradiation of sunlight in a shallow pond with a water depth of 50 cm or less, which is usually installed outdoors. Open ponds are constantly exposed to micro-animal contamination that prey on microalgae. Since rotifers, especially swimming rotifers, prey on microalgae and have high reproductive power, prevention of damage caused by this rotifer was a major issue for stably and efficiently culturing microalgae.
In view of the above, the inventor has devised a technique relating to the cultivation of microalgae such as chlorella of Patent No. 3844365 to solve this problem. With this technology, it is possible to control microalgae that prey on microalgae without using insecticides in a wide open pond, and to cultivate microalgae stably and efficiently by more effective stirring of microalgae. It became.
However, in order to use the produced microalgae for feed or biofuel, there is a disadvantage that the cost of the culture facility is still expensive.
Japanese Patent No. 3844365

本発明は、このような点に鑑み為されたもので、ワムシ等微細藻類を捕食する微小動物による被害のリスクが低く、施設費がより安価で、かつ効果的な攪拌を行える微細藻類の培養方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。  The present invention was devised in view of such points, and the culture of microalgae that can reduce the risk of damage by microanimals that prey on microalgae such as rotifers, has a lower facility cost, and can be effectively stirred. It is an object to provide a method and apparatus.

すなわち本発明は、
第１に収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、下部が前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、上部が密閉されかつ排気機構を備え、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記格納槽内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設け、前記第１垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さを前記第２垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さより高くしたことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下である微細藻類の培養装置を用いて微細藻類を培養する方法であって、昼間、前記排気機構停止の状態で前記格納槽内に気体を供給し、前記水平流路で微細藻類を培養し、２以上の日数培養を続けた後、前記格納槽内に収納される以外のほぼ全量の微細藻類懸濁液を収穫するとともに、ワムシ等捕食微小動物死滅させるために前記格納槽内に収納された微細藻類懸濁液を嫌気条件に保った後、該微細藻類懸濁液に培養液を添加し、再度培養を行うことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養方法であり、
第２に、収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記格納槽内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設け、前記第１垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さを前記第２垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さより高くしたことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下であることを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であり、
第３に、収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、下部が前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、上部が密閉され、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記第１垂直流路または前記第２垂直流路内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設けことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下である微細藻類の培養装置を用いて微細藻類を培養する方法であって、昼間、前記第１垂直流路または前記第２垂直流路内に気体を供給し、前記水平流路で微細藻類を培養し、２以上の日数培養を続けた後、前記格納槽内に収納される以外のほぼ全量の微細藻類懸濁液を収穫するとともに、ワムシ等捕食微小動物死滅させるために前記第１垂直流路及び前記第２垂直流路に密閉蓋を取り付け、前記格納槽内に収納された微細藻類懸濁液を嫌気条件に保った後、該微細藻類懸濁液に培養液を添加し、再度培養を行うことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養方法である。That is, the present invention
The liquid stored in the first is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal and has a first flow path end and a second flow path end, and a substantially vertical communication with the first flow path end. A first vertical flow path; a substantially vertical second vertical flow path connected to the end of the second flow path; a lower portion communicating with the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path; A storage tank that is hermetically sealed and has an exhaust mechanism and that stores the fluid stored in the horizontal flow path, and a gas press-fitting machine that supplies gas into the storage tank are provided, and the first vertical flow path and the storage tank Microalgae culture characterized in that the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary part between the two is made higher than the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary part between the second vertical channel and the containment tank An apparatus for cultivating microalgae in which the capacity of the storage tank is 20% or less of the total fluid capacity accommodated in the culture apparatus A method of culturing microalgae using an apparatus, wherein gas is supplied into the storage tank in the daytime while the exhaust mechanism is stopped, microalgae are cultured in the horizontal channel, and two or more days are cultured. After continuing, harvest almost all the amount of microalgae suspension except for being stored in the storage tank, and microalgae suspension stored in the storage tank to kill predatory micro-animals such as rotifers. After maintaining the anaerobic conditions, a culture solution is added to the microalgae suspension, and the culture is performed again.
Secondly, the stored liquid is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal and has a first flow path end and a second flow path end, and a substantially vertical communication with the first flow path end. The first vertical flow path, the substantially vertical second vertical flow path connected to the second flow path end, the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path, and the horizontal flow A storage tank for storing the fluid stored in the passage; and a gas press-fitting machine for supplying gas into the storage tank; and a communication flow path at a boundary between the first vertical flow path and the storage tank. An apparatus for culturing microalgae, wherein the upper limit height is higher than the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary between the second vertical channel and the storage tank, wherein the capacity of the storage tank is It is a culture device for microalgae, characterized in that it is 20% or less of the total fluid capacity accommodated in the culture device,
Third, the stored liquid is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal and has a first flow path end and a second flow path end, and a substantially vertical communication with the first flow path end. A first vertical flow path, a substantially vertical second vertical flow path connected to the end of the second flow path, a lower portion communicating with the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path, and an upper portion. And a storage tank for storing the fluid stored in the horizontal flow path, and a gas press-fitting machine for supplying gas into the first vertical flow path or the second vertical flow path. A device for culturing microalgae using a microalgae culturing device, wherein the storage tank has a capacity of 20% or less of the total fluid capacity accommodated in the culturing device. Supplying gas into the first vertical channel or the second vertical channel, culturing microalgae in the horizontal channel, After continuing the above-described day culture, the first vertical flow path and the first flow path are used for harvesting almost the entire amount of the microalgae suspension except for being stored in the storage tank and killing predatory microanimals such as rotifers. 2 After attaching a sealing lid to the vertical channel and maintaining the microalgae suspension stored in the storage tank under anaerobic conditions, adding a culture solution to the microalgae suspension and culturing again It is the culture | cultivation method of the characteristic micro algae.

特許第３８４４３６５号においては、水平流路内の液のほぼ全量を収納するため、格納槽の容量が大きく、施設費が高価であった。本発明においては、より小容量の格納槽を用いてワムシ等捕食微小動物の被害を防止でき、施設費がより安価となるとともに特許第３８４４３６５号と同様に効果的な攪拌も行える。本発明によれば、微細藻類を安定的にかつ安価に培養することが可能となり、微細藻類の多方面への利用が促進される。  In Japanese Patent No. 3844365, since almost all the liquid in the horizontal flow path is stored, the capacity of the storage tank is large and the facility cost is expensive. In the present invention, damage to predatory micro-animals such as rotifers can be prevented by using a smaller storage tank, the facility cost can be reduced, and effective stirring can be performed as in Japanese Patent No. 3844365. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to culture | cultivate a micro algae stably and cheaply, and the utilization to many fields of a micro algae is accelerated | stimulated.

発明の好適な実施形態Preferred embodiments of the invention

次に、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。図１乃至図５は、畜舎廃水等有機性廃水を培養液として微細藻類を培養する場合の、本発明の一実施形態を示す図面であり、図１は平面図、図２乃至図４はＡ−Ａ縦断面図である。
本装置は、上方から太陽光の照射を受ける浅い水路ａとその下方に設けられた格納槽ｂからなる。 水路ａは、隔壁１で区画された並行した水路に構成され、下流端部２は垂直下方にのびる第２垂直流路３により格納槽ｂ内部に連絡し、格納槽流入口４、格納槽ｂの内部を経て、格納槽流出口５、およびここから垂直上方にのびる第１垂直流路６を経て、上流端部７に連絡され、１つの無終端水路が形成されている。格納槽流出口５の上端は格納槽流入口４の上端より上に位置するよう設けられている。 格納槽ｂの上部には、空気等の気体を圧入するための通気管ｃが開口配備され、通気管ｃは開閉弁８を経て気体圧入機としてのブロワーｄに連絡されている。格納槽ｂの上部には気体を抜くための排気管９が弁１０とともに設けられている。格納槽ｂの容量は全藻類液の２０％以下である。
図２は、光照射培養の開始前の状態を示している。この状態から、弁１０を閉じ、ブロワ−ｄを作動させ通気管ｃを介して気体を圧入すると、格納槽ｂ内の微細藻類懸濁液は水路ａへと送り出される（図３）。さらに気体が送られると、格納槽流出口５から気体は第１垂直流路６内に一気に溢れ出て、第１垂直流路６内に空気層ｇを形成する。空気層ｇは上方の水を押し上げ、下方の水を引き上げながら、一気に上昇し、上流端部７に噴出し、同時に第２垂直流路３及び下流端部２の微細藻類懸濁液が一気に格納槽ｂ内に流入する（図４）。これにより上流から下流への液の移動と大きな波が生じ、水路ａ及び格納槽ｂ内の微細藻類懸濁液は攪拌される。気体の圧入の継続により、前記の噴出が一定の周期で繰り返される。このようにして微細藻類懸濁液は流動攪拌され、微細藻類は光の照射を受け増殖する。
日の入りになると、ブロワーｄを停止し、弁１０を開ける。微細藻類懸濁液の一部は格納槽ｂへと移動し、最終的には第１垂直流路６、第２垂直流路３および格納槽ｂ内に格納される。この格納された微細藻類懸濁液は大気との接触面積がほとんどなく、特に格納槽ｂ内の液は全くなく、各生物の呼吸による酸素消費により次第に嫌気状態となり、ワムシ、ミジンコなどの微細藻類を捕食する好気微小動物が死滅する。以後収穫時まで上記の操作を繰り返し、微細藻類を培養する。
その後、微細藻類濃度が収穫に適する濃度に達したら、格納槽ｂ、第１垂直流路６、及び第２垂直流路３に収納される微細藻類懸濁液以外を収穫する。第１垂直流路６、第２垂直流路３の上端部にはそれぞれ密閉蓋１１を設置し、そこからの酸素溶解を防ぐとよい（図５）。このようにして収納した微細藻類懸濁液は、微細藻類捕食微小動物を死滅させるため、およそ１２時間以上、好ましくは１４時間以上嫌気条件に保つ。この液を種母として、これに培養液を加え、好ましくは藻類濃度０．１（ｇ／Ｌ）以上に調整して、再び上記培養を繰り返す。
このように、本発明によれば特許第３８４４３６５号と同様に藻類捕食微小動物の異常繁殖を抑制して、微細藻類を安定的に培養でき、さらに、格納槽ｂの容量は全藻類液の２０％以下であり、特許第３８４４３６５号と比べて格納槽にかかる施設費が安価となる。
また、気体圧入速度に関係なく、１回の噴出による攪拌効果は一定である。このため気体圧入速度を小さく設定しても効果的な攪拌をすることが可能で、電力費の低下につながる。
さらに、噴出の際、格納槽ｂの横断面積が大きいほど、また第１垂直流路６下端から水路ａ内水面までの距離が大きいほど、第１垂直流路６内に流入する空気の量が多く、その結果第１垂直流路６内に形成される空気層ｇの容積が大きくなり、噴出が激しくなる。したがって、第１垂直流路６下端から水路ａ内水面までの距離を一定値に設定した場合、格納槽ｂの横断面積が大きいほど噴出に伴う水路ａでの流動と波動が大きくなり、微細藻類懸濁液がよりよく攪拌される。このことから、前記格納槽ｂの横断面積の表面積に対する比を０．２以上にすることが適当である。これによって、いろいろな培養規模のそれぞれにおいて、より効果的な攪拌を行える。例えば、幅１．５ｍ、全長１００ｍ、水深０．１ｍの水路ａに対して、幅１ｍ、長さ３ｍ、高さ０．２５ｍの格納槽ｂを水路ａ底面下ほぼ２ｍの位置に取り付ける。この場合、格納槽ｂの横断面積（約３ｍ２）の表面積（約８ｍ２）に対する比はおよそ０．３７、格納槽ｂの容量（およそ０．７５ｍ３）は全藻類液（およそ１５ｍ３）のおよそ５％となる。特許第３８４４３６５号の場合、幅２ｍ、長さ２．５ｍ、高さ２ｍの格納槽（約１５ｍ３）を用いるとすると、表面積は約３７ｍ２となる。すなわち本実施形態の格納槽壁面の面積は特許第３８４４３６５号の場合の壁面面積の約２１％となり、また、特許第３８４４３６５号の場合と比べて、側壁面の厚さを小さくでき、材料費が低下できる。また、製作のための労務費および電気等エネルギー費、搬送費、設置費等も低下する。このように、本発明によれば、効果的な攪拌効果を損なわず、施設費がより安価となる。
また、水路ａは、格納槽ｂに向けて低く設けるのが適切である。
本実施形態は、畜舎廃水等有機性廃水を培養液として微細藻類を培養する場合のもので、特にＣＯ２の供給を必要としない場合のものである。ＣＯ２の供給を行う場合は、ＣＯ２供給装置（図示せず）を設置してＣＯ２供給を行う。
例えば、第１垂直流路６内下方に散気装置を設け、ＣＯ２供給を行う。
図６及び図７は、別の一実施形態を説明するための図面であり、それぞれ平面図、縦断面図である。本実施形態では、水路ａが光を透過する透明管ａ１で構成されている点が、図１乃至図５に示した実施形態と異なる。第１垂直流路６は水槽１３を介して透明管ａ１に連絡されている。第２垂直流路３は水槽１２を介して透明管ａ１に連絡されている。培養の方法は図１乃至図５に示した実施形態と同様である。透明管を用いた場合、平面池よりも敷地面積当たりの光照射面積が大きくなる利点がある。
図８乃至図１１は、別の一実施形態を説明するための図面であり、それぞれ平面図、縦断面図、横断面図、縦断面図である。本実施形態では、格納槽ｂが気体圧入装置及び排気機構を備えず、１つの水路に構成されるとともに、第１垂直流路６下方に炭酸ガス強化空気等気体を圧入するための散気装置１４が備えられている点が、図８乃至図１１に示した実施形態と異なる。昼間は、散気装置１４を介して炭酸ガス強化空気の微細気泡を圧入し、微細藻類懸濁液を水路に沿って流動させ培養する。（図８、図９）収穫時には、前述と同様に、格納槽ｂ、第１垂直流路６及び第２垂直流路３内の微細藻類懸濁液を残し、密閉蓋１１を設置し、嫌気条件に保った後、これを種母として再び培養を行う。
本実施形態の場合、前述の実施形態の噴出による激しい流動が格納槽ｂ内に生じないので、格納槽ｂ内に藻体の沈積が生じやすい。このため、格納槽ｂは図１１の如く屈曲した流積の小さい水路に構成することが適当である。これによって、十分な種母を確保できる。また、水路ａは透明管に限定されるものではない。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail. FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 are drawings showing an embodiment of the present invention in the case of culturing microalgae using organic wastewater such as livestock wastewater as a culture solution, FIG. 1 is a plan view, and FIGS. It is -A longitudinal cross-sectional view.
This apparatus consists of a shallow water channel a that receives sunlight from above and a storage tank b provided therebelow. The water channel a is configured as a parallel water channel partitioned by the partition wall 1, and the downstream end 2 is connected to the inside of the storage tank b by the second vertical flow path 3 extending vertically downward, and the storage tank inlet 4, the storage tank b , The storage tank outlet 5 and the first vertical flow path 6 extending vertically upward from the storage tank are connected to the upstream end 7 to form one endless water channel. The upper end of the storage tank outlet 5 is provided above the upper end of the storage tank inlet 4. A vent pipe c for press-fitting a gas such as air is opened at the upper part of the storage tank b, and the vent pipe c is connected to a blower d as a gas press-fitting machine via an on-off valve 8. An exhaust pipe 9 for venting gas is provided with a valve 10 on the upper part of the storage tank b. The capacity of the storage tank b is 20% or less of the total algal liquid.
FIG. 2 shows a state before the start of light irradiation culture. From this state, when the valve 10 is closed and the blower d is operated to inject gas through the vent pipe c, the microalgae suspension in the storage tank b is sent out to the water channel a (FIG. 3). When further gas is sent, the gas overflows into the first vertical flow path 6 from the storage tank outlet 5 and forms an air layer g in the first vertical flow path 6. The air layer g pushes up the upper water and pulls up the lower water, and then rises at a stretch and is ejected to the upstream end 7. At the same time, the microalgae suspension in the second vertical flow path 3 and the downstream end 2 is stored at once. It flows into the tank b (FIG. 4). Thereby, the movement of the liquid from the upstream to the downstream and a large wave are generated, and the microalgae suspension in the water channel a and the storage tank b is stirred. Due to the continuation of the gas press-fitting, the ejection is repeated at a constant cycle. In this way, the microalgae suspension is fluidized and stirred, and the microalgae grow by receiving light irradiation.
At sunset, the blower d is stopped and the valve 10 is opened. A part of the microalgae suspension moves to the storage tank b, and is finally stored in the first vertical flow path 6, the second vertical flow path 3 and the storage tank b. This stored microalgae suspension has almost no contact area with the atmosphere, in particular there is no liquid in the storage tank b, and it gradually becomes anaerobic due to oxygen consumption by respiration of each organism, and microalgae such as rotifers and daphnia Aerobic micro-animals that prey on will die. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated until harvesting, and microalgae are cultured.
Thereafter, when the microalgae concentration reaches a concentration suitable for harvesting, the parts other than the microalgae suspension stored in the storage tank b, the first vertical flow path 6 and the second vertical flow path 3 are harvested. Sealing lids 11 are preferably installed at the upper ends of the first vertical flow path 6 and the second vertical flow path 3 to prevent oxygen dissolution therefrom (FIG. 5). The microalgae suspension thus housed is kept under anaerobic conditions for approximately 12 hours or more, preferably 14 hours or more in order to kill the microalgae predation microanimal. Using this solution as a seed mother, a culture solution is added thereto, preferably adjusted to an algal concentration of 0.1 (g / L) or more, and the above culture is repeated again.
Thus, according to the present invention, as in Patent No. 3844365, abnormal growth of algae-predatory microanimals can be suppressed and microalgae can be stably cultured, and the capacity of the storage tank b is 20% of the total algal liquid. %, And the facility cost for the storage tank is lower than that of Japanese Patent No. 3844365.
Moreover, the stirring effect by one ejection is constant irrespective of the gas injection speed. For this reason, even if the gas injection speed is set to a small value, effective stirring can be performed, which leads to a reduction in power cost.
Furthermore, the amount of air flowing into the first vertical flow path 6 increases as the cross-sectional area of the storage tank b increases and the distance from the lower end of the first vertical flow path 6 to the water surface in the water path a increases. As a result, the volume of the air layer g formed in the first vertical flow path 6 increases, and the ejection becomes intense. Therefore, when the distance from the lower end of the first vertical flow path 6 to the water surface in the water channel a is set to a constant value, the larger the cross-sectional area of the storage tank b, the larger the flow and wave in the water channel a accompanying the ejection, and the microalgae The suspension is better stirred. From this, it is appropriate that the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the surface area of the storage tank b is 0.2 or more. This allows more effective agitation at each of the various culture scales. For example, for a water channel a having a width of 1.5 m, a total length of 100 m, and a water depth of 0.1 m, a storage tank b having a width of 1 m, a length of 3 m, and a height of 0.25 m is attached at a position approximately 2 m below the bottom of the water channel a. In this case, the ratio to the surface area (approximately 8 m 2) of the cross-sectional area of the storage tank b (about 3 m @ 2) is about 0.37, the capacity of the storage tank b (approximately 0.75 m 3) is approximately of the total algae solution (approximately 15 m 3) 5%. In the case of Japanese Patent No. 3844365, if a storage tank (about 15 m 3) having a width of 2 m, a length of 2.5 m, and a height of 2 m is used, the surface area is about 37 m 2 . That is, the area of the wall surface of the storage tank of this embodiment is about 21% of the wall surface area in the case of Japanese Patent No. 3844365, and the thickness of the side wall surface can be reduced compared with the case of Japanese Patent No. 3844365, and the material cost is reduced. Can be reduced. In addition, labor costs for production, energy costs such as electricity, transportation costs, installation costs, etc. also decrease. Thus, according to the present invention, the effective stirring effect is not impaired, and the facility cost is further reduced.
Moreover, it is appropriate to provide the water channel a low toward the storage tank b.
This embodiment is of the case where culturing microalgae as culture solution barns waste such as organic waste water, in particular for the case that does not require the supply of CO 2. When supplying CO 2 , a CO 2 supply device (not shown) is installed to supply CO 2 .
For example, an air diffuser is provided below the first vertical flow path 6 to supply CO 2 .
6 and 7 are drawings for explaining another embodiment, and are a plan view and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively. The present embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 in that the water channel a is composed of a transparent tube a1 that transmits light. The first vertical flow path 6 is connected to the transparent tube a <b> 1 through the water tank 13. The second vertical flow path 3 is connected to the transparent tube a <b> 1 through the water tank 12. The culture method is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS. When a transparent tube is used, there is an advantage that the light irradiation area per site area is larger than that of a flat pond.
8 to 11 are drawings for explaining another embodiment, which are a plan view, a longitudinal sectional view, a transverse sectional view, and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively. In the present embodiment, the storage tank b does not include a gas press-fitting device and an exhaust mechanism, and is configured as a single water channel, and an air diffuser for press-fitting a gas such as carbon dioxide-enriched air below the first vertical channel 6. 14 is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. During the daytime, fine bubbles of carbon dioxide-enriched air are injected through the air diffuser 14, and the microalgae suspension is flowed along the water channel and cultured. (FIGS. 8 and 9) At the time of harvesting, the microalgae suspension in the storage tank b, the first vertical flow path 6 and the second vertical flow path 3 is left and the sealing lid 11 is installed and anaerobic, as described above. After maintaining the conditions, culturing is performed again using this as a seed.
In the case of this embodiment, since the intense flow by the ejection of the above-mentioned embodiment does not occur in the storage tank b, algal bodies are likely to be deposited in the storage tank b. For this reason, it is appropriate that the storage tank b is configured as a water channel having a small flow volume bent as shown in FIG. Thereby, sufficient seed mothers can be secured. Moreover, the water channel a is not limited to a transparent tube.

本発明の一実施形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図１におけるＡ−Ａ縦断面図であり、夜間の状態を示している。It is an AA longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1, and has shown the state at night. 図１におけるＡ−Ａ縦断面図であり、昼間の状態を示している。It is an AA longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1, and has shown the state of the daytime. 図１におけるＡ−Ａ縦断面図であり、噴出による流動攪拌が行われている、昼間の状態を示している。It is an AA longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1, and has shown the state of the daytime where the flow stirring by jetting is performed. 図１におけるＡ−Ａ縦断面図であり、微細藻類懸濁液収穫後の状態を示している。It is an AA longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1, and has shown the state after microalgae suspension harvest. 別の実施形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows another embodiment. 図６におけるＢ−Ｂ縦断面図であり、昼間の状態を示している。It is a BB longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 6, and has shown the state of the daytime. 別の実施形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows another embodiment. 図８におけるＤ−Ｄ縦断面図であり、昼間の状態を示している。It is DD longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 8, and has shown the state of the daytime. 図９におけるＥ−Ｅ横断面図であり、昼間の状態を示している。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 9 and shows a daytime state. 図８におけるＤ−Ｄ縦断面図であり、微細藻類懸濁液収穫後の状態を示している。It is DD longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 8, and has shown the state after a micro algae suspension harvest.

１は隔壁、２は下流端部、３は第２垂直流路、４は格納槽流入口、５は格納槽流出口、６は第１垂直流路、７は上流端部、８は開閉弁、９は排気管、１０は開閉弁、１１は密閉蓋、１２は水槽、１３は水槽、１４は散気装置、ａは水平流路、ａ１は透明管、ｂは格納槽、ｃは通気管、ｄはブロワー、ｇは空気層、実線矢印は微細藻類懸濁液の流れの方向を示す。1 is a partition wall, 2 is a downstream end, 3 is a second vertical flow path, 4 is a storage tank inlet, 5 is a storage tank outlet, 6 is a first vertical flow path, 7 is an upstream end, and 8 is an on-off valve. , 9 is an exhaust pipe, 10 is an on-off valve, 11 is a sealing lid, 12 is a water tank, 13 is a water tank, 14 is an air diffuser, a is a horizontal flow path, a1 is a transparent pipe, b is a storage tank, c is a vent pipe , D is a blower, g is an air layer, and solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the microalgae suspension.

Claims (8)

収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、下部が前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、上部が密閉されかつ排気機構を備え、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記格納槽内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設け、前記第１垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さを前記第２垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さより高くしたことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下である微細藻類の培養装置を用いて微細藻類を培養する方法であって、昼間、前記排気機構停止の状態で前記格納槽内に気体を供給し、前記水平流路で微細藻類を培養し、２以上の日数培養を続けた後、前記格納槽内に収納される以外のほぼ全量の微細藻類懸濁液を収穫するとともに、ワムシ等捕食微小動物死滅させるために前記格納槽内に収納された微細藻類懸濁液を嫌気条件に保った後、該微細藻類懸濁液に培養液を添加し、再度培養を行うことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養方法。The stored liquid is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal, has a first flow path end portion and a second flow path end portion, and a substantially vertical first vertical communication communicated with the first flow path end portion. A channel, a substantially vertical second vertical channel communicated with the second channel end, a lower portion communicating with the first vertical channel and the second vertical channel, and an upper portion sealed and A storage tank that includes an exhaust mechanism and stores the fluid stored in the horizontal flow path, and a gas press-fitting machine that supplies gas into the storage tank are provided between the first vertical flow path and the storage tank. An apparatus for cultivating microalgae, characterized in that the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary part is higher than the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary part between the second vertical channel and the storage tank. A microalgae culture apparatus in which the capacity of the storage tank is 20% or less of the total fluid capacity accommodated in the culture apparatus A method for culturing microalgae using a method of cultivating microalgae in the horizontal channel and supplying the gas to the storage tank in the daytime while the exhaust mechanism is stopped, and continuing culture for two or more days. After that, the microalgae suspension stored in the storage tank is collected under anaerobic conditions in order to harvest almost all the amount of the microalgae suspension other than that stored in the storage tank and to kill predatory microanimals such as rotifers. And then culturing again after adding the culture solution to the microalgae suspension. 収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記格納槽内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設け、前記第１垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さを前記第２垂直流路と前記格納槽との間の境界部における連通流路の上限高さより高くしたことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下であることを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置。The stored liquid is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal, has a first flow path end portion and a second flow path end portion, and a substantially vertical first vertical communication communicated with the first flow path end portion. A flow path, a substantially vertical second vertical flow path communicating with the second flow path end, the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path, and being accommodated in the horizontal flow path; A storage tank for storing the fluid and a gas press-fitting machine for supplying gas into the storage tank, and setting the upper limit height of the communication channel at the boundary between the first vertical channel and the storage tank. A culture device for microalgae, characterized in that it is higher than the upper limit height of the communication flow path at the boundary between the second vertical flow path and the storage tank, and the capacity of the storage tank is in the culture apparatus. An apparatus for culturing microalgae, which is 20% or less of the total volume of fluid contained. 前記格納槽の横断面積の表面積に対する比が０．２以上であることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の微細藻類の培養方法又は装置。The method or apparatus for culturing microalgae according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the surface area of the storage tank is 0.2 or more. 前記第１垂直流路と第２垂直流路の上端に着脱可能な密閉蓋を備えることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２又は請求項３記載の微細藻類の培養方法又は装置。4. The method or apparatus for culturing microalgae according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a detachable sealing lid at upper ends of the first vertical channel and the second vertical channel. 前記水平流路が透明管で構成されることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２又は請求項３又は請求項４記載の微細藻類の培養方法又は装置。5. The method or apparatus for culturing microalgae according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal flow path is formed of a transparent tube. 収容した液体に太陽光を照射し、ほぼ水平で第１流路端部と第２流路端部を有する水平流路と、前記第１流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第１垂直流路と、前記第２流路端部に連通されたほぼ垂直な第２垂直流路と、下部が前記第１垂直流路と前記第２垂直流路とに連通し、上部が密閉され、前記水平流路に収容された流体を収容する格納槽と、前記第１垂直流路または前記第２垂直流路内に気体を供給する気体圧入機とを設けことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養装置であって、前記格納槽の容量が前記培養装置に収容される全流体容量の２０パーセント以下である微細藻類の培養装置を用いて微細藻類を培養する方法であって、昼間、前記第１垂直流路または前記第２垂直流路内に気体を供給し、前記水平流路で微細藻類を培養し、２以上の日数培養を続けた後、前記格納槽内に収納される以外のほぼ全量の微細藻類懸濁液を収穫するとともに、ワムシ等捕食微小動物死滅させるために前記第１垂直流路及び前記第２垂直流路に密閉蓋を取り付け、前記格納槽内に収納された微細藻類懸濁液を嫌気条件に保った後、該微細藻類懸濁液に培養液を添加し、再度培養を行うことを特徴とする微細藻類の培養方法。The stored liquid is irradiated with sunlight, is substantially horizontal, has a first flow path end portion and a second flow path end portion, and a substantially vertical first vertical communication communicated with the first flow path end portion. A flow path, a substantially vertical second vertical flow path connected to the end of the second flow path, a lower portion communicating with the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path, and an upper portion sealed. A microalgae culture, comprising: a storage tank for storing a fluid stored in the horizontal flow path; and a gas press-fitting machine for supplying gas into the first vertical flow path or the second vertical flow path. An apparatus for cultivating microalgae using a microalgae culture apparatus in which the capacity of the storage tank is 20% or less of the total fluid capacity accommodated in the culture apparatus, wherein the first alga Supplying gas into the vertical channel or the second vertical channel, culturing microalgae in the horizontal channel, After continuing several cultures, the first vertical flow path and the second vertical flow path are used for harvesting almost the entire amount of the microalgae suspension other than being stored in the storage tank and killing predatory micro-animals such as rotifers. A sealing lid is attached to the flow path, and after maintaining the microalgae suspension stored in the storage tank under anaerobic conditions, a culture solution is added to the microalgae suspension and cultured again. To culture microalgae. 前記水平流路が透明管で構成されることを特徴とする請求項６記載の微細藻類の培養方法。The method for culturing microalgae according to claim 6, wherein the horizontal flow path is constituted by a transparent tube. 前記格納槽が屈曲した流路で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項６又は請求項７記載の微細藻類の培養方法。The method for culturing microalgae according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the storage tank is formed of a bent channel.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012050220A1 (en) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-19 Sekine Toshirou Culturing method and device for photosynthetic microorganism
CN108485980A (en) * 2018-04-02 2018-09-04 福建省产品质量检验研究院 A kind of the aerobic operation method and its device of anaerobic bacteria culture presevation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012050220A1 (en) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-19 Sekine Toshirou Culturing method and device for photosynthetic microorganism
CN108485980A (en) * 2018-04-02 2018-09-04 福建省产品质量检验研究院 A kind of the aerobic operation method and its device of anaerobic bacteria culture presevation

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