JP2010262394A - Identification device and identification method - Google Patents

Identification device and identification method Download PDF

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JP2010262394A
JP2010262394A JP2009111364A JP2009111364A JP2010262394A JP 2010262394 A JP2010262394 A JP 2010262394A JP 2009111364 A JP2009111364 A JP 2009111364A JP 2009111364 A JP2009111364 A JP 2009111364A JP 2010262394 A JP2010262394 A JP 2010262394A
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optical path
path member
plate
light
hologram
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JP5347692B2 (en
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Akinori Miyamoto
晶規 宮本
Shinichi Wakana
伸一 若菜
Akihiko Yabuki
彰彦 矢吹
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-reliability identification device that acquires images of a hologram or the like observed from a plurality of angles in a small space without mutually affecting light reflected at the observation angles, and that is built in an ATM or the like. <P>SOLUTION: In the identification device, a hologram film 10a is irradiated by a light source 2, and the reflection light from the hologram film 10a is emitted to three different directions by use of an optical path member 3 obtained by laminating three plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c having a plurality of through-holes 11 in different directions, and is received by a detector array 4 to obtain three kinds of hologram images corresponding to the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、識別パターンを例えばそのホログラム像により真偽を判定する識別装置及び識別方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an identification device and an identification method for determining authenticity of an identification pattern, for example, based on its hologram image.

紙幣又はクレジットカード等には、偽造防止のためにしばしばホログラムフィルムを添付するという対策が行われている。一般的には、人間が視認により異常の有無を確認しているが、現金自動預け入れ払い機（ＡＴＭ）等にセンサを組み込むことで紙幣に添付したホログラムフィルムを識別できるようにすれば、偽造券の判別に有用である。   In order to prevent counterfeiting, measures are often taken to attach a hologram film to bills or credit cards. In general, humans visually confirm the presence or absence of an abnormality, but if a hologram film attached to a banknote can be identified by incorporating a sensor in an automated teller machine (ATM) or the like, a counterfeit ticket This is useful for discriminating.

紙幣等に添付されたホログラムフィルムは、光源又は観察の角度によって、どのような像が見えるかが決まり、角度により異なる数種類の像が現れるように造られている場合がある。このため、ホログラムが本物であるか否かを識別するには、複数の角度から観察することが必要である。例えば、見えるべき像が１種類であれば、像が見える角度と、像が見えない角度の２つの角度から観察することで、ホログラムの真偽を判別することができる。   The hologram film attached to a banknote or the like is determined so that what kind of image can be seen depending on the light source or the angle of observation, and may be constructed so that several types of images appear depending on the angle. For this reason, in order to identify whether the hologram is genuine or not, it is necessary to observe from a plurality of angles. For example, if there is only one type of image to be seen, the authenticity of the hologram can be determined by observing from two angles, an angle at which the image can be seen and an angle at which the image cannot be seen.

ホログラムを観察するには、特定の角度、例えばフィルム面に垂直な角度から照明光を照射し、レンズと撮像素子(例えばＣＣＤカメラ)を用いて、様々な角度からホログラムフィルムを観察すれば良い。主にフィルム面の垂直軸周りの方向によって、観察される像が違って見えるので、レンズと撮像素子からなる観察装置を、ホログラムフィルムに対して垂直な軸の周りに方向を変化させてゆくことで像を確認することができる。複数の角度からの観察像を同時に取得するためには、複数のレンズ及び撮像素子をセットで配置する必要がある。   In order to observe the hologram, it is only necessary to irradiate illumination light from a specific angle, for example, an angle perpendicular to the film surface, and observe the hologram film from various angles using a lens and an image sensor (for example, a CCD camera). Since the observed image looks different mainly depending on the direction around the vertical axis of the film surface, the direction of the observation device consisting of the lens and the image sensor is changed around the axis perpendicular to the hologram film. The image can be confirmed with. In order to simultaneously obtain observation images from a plurality of angles, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of lenses and an image sensor as a set.

特公平７−６９９４７号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-69947

ホログラムの観察に、複数のレンズ及び撮像素子をセット配置した場合、レンズが焦点を結ぶにはある程度の距離が必要なために光路長が比較的長くなる。更に、ホログラムフィルムとのレンズとの角度が異なるセットを複数装備するためには、大きなスペースを必要とすることになり、ＡＴＭの端末内に適宜収納することは困難である。   When a plurality of lenses and an image sensor are set and arranged for observing the hologram, the optical path length becomes relatively long because a certain distance is required for the lenses to focus. Furthermore, in order to equip a plurality of sets having different angles between the hologram film and the lens, a large space is required, and it is difficult to appropriately store the ATM film in an ATM terminal.

特許文献１には、カード等の局所的な部分（ホログラム）に光源から光を照射し、特定の角度への反射光強度が閾値を越えるか否かをディテクタで読み取る装置が開示されている。この場合、レンズを使用せずに直接にディテクタで光を受けており、設置スペースは小さくなる。しかしながら、複数の照射スポットからの反射光が入り乱れて近隣のディテクタにも入射してしまうため、ホログラムの像観察には適さない。   Patent Document 1 discloses a device that irradiates a local part (hologram) such as a card with light from a light source and reads whether or not the intensity of reflected light at a specific angle exceeds a threshold. In this case, light is directly received by the detector without using a lens, and the installation space is reduced. However, since reflected light from a plurality of irradiation spots is mixed and incident on a nearby detector, it is not suitable for observing a hologram image.

本発明は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、小さなスペースで複数の角度から観察したホログラム等の像を、各観察角度の反射光が互いに影響を受けることなく取得することを可能とし、ＡＴＭ等に組み込んで使用することができる信頼性の高い識別装置及び識別方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and makes it possible to obtain images such as holograms observed from a plurality of angles in a small space without the reflected lights at the respective observation angles being affected by each other. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable identification apparatus and identification method that can be used by being incorporated in an ATM or the like.

識別装置の一態様は、識別パターンに光を照射する光源と、前記識別パターンからの反射光を２つ以上の異なる方向に出射させる光路部材と、前記光路部材から出射させた前記反射光を検出する検出器とを含む。   One aspect of the identification device detects a light source that emits light to an identification pattern, an optical path member that emits reflected light from the identification pattern in two or more different directions, and the reflected light that is emitted from the optical path member Detector.

識別方法の一態様は、識別パターンに光を照射し、前記識別パターンからの反射光を２つ以上の異なる方向に出射させる光路部材を介して、前記光路部材から前記反射光を出射させ、前記光路部材から出射させた前記反射光を検出器で検出した後、データ処理部でホログラム像を形成し、前記ホログラム像を、前記識別パターンについて予め登録されている正規のホログラム像と比較し、前記識別パターンの真偽を判定する。   In one aspect of the identification method, the reflected light is emitted from the optical path member via an optical path member that irradiates the identification pattern with light and emits reflected light from the identification pattern in two or more different directions. After the reflected light emitted from the optical path member is detected by a detector, a data processing unit forms a hologram image, and the hologram image is compared with a regular hologram image registered in advance for the identification pattern, The authenticity of the identification pattern is determined.

上記の各態様によれば、小さなスペースで複数の角度から観察したホログラム等の像を、各観察角度の反射光が互いに影響を受けることなく取得することが可能となり、ＡＴＭ等に組み込んで使用することができる信頼性の高い識別装置及び識別方法が実現する。   According to each of the above aspects, it becomes possible to acquire images such as holograms observed from a plurality of angles in a small space without the reflected lights at the respective observation angles being influenced by each other, and are used by being incorporated in an ATM or the like. A highly reliable identification device and identification method that can be realized.

本実施形態による識別装置を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the identification device by this embodiment. 各板状光路部材の構成を示す概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of each plate-shaped optical path member. ディテクタアレイの構成を示す概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view which shows the structure of a detector array. 本実施形態において形成されるホログラム像の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the hologram image formed in this embodiment. 各板状光路部材の貫通孔の形成角度を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the formation angle of the through-hole of each plate-shaped optical path member. 各板状光路部材の構成を示す概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of each plate-shaped optical path member. 本実施形態による識別方法をステップ順に示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows the identification method by this embodiment in order of a step. 本実施形態による識別装置の変形例１を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification 1 of the identification device by this embodiment. 本実施形態による識別装置の変形例２を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification 2 of the identification device by this embodiment. 本実施形態による識別装置の変形例３を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification 3 of the identification device by this embodiment. 図１０の識別装置における各板状光路部材の方位角を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the azimuth | direction angle of each plate-shaped optical path member in the identification device of FIG.

以下、識別装置及び識別方法の具体的な実施形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図１は、本実施形態による識別装置を示す模式図であり、（ａ）が斜視図、（ｂ）が側面図である。 Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the identification device and the identification method will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1A and 1B are schematic views showing an identification device according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a side view.

本実施形態では、例えば紙葉１０に付けられた識別パターンであるホログラムフィルム１０ａを観察対象とする。
識別装置において、１は、紙葉１０を載置する搬送面１ａを有し、搬送面１ａに載置された紙葉１０を例えば矢印Ａの方向に搬送する搬送部である。２は、紙葉１０のホログラムフィルム１０ａに光を照射する光源である。３は、ホログラムフィルム１０ａからの反射光を２つ以上、ここでは３つの異なる方向に出射させる光路部材である。４は、光路部材３から出射させた反射光を検出するディテクタアレイである。５は、ディテクタアレイ４で検出した反射光から形成されるホログラム像を、ホログラムフィルム１０ａについて予め登録されている正規のホログラム像と比較し、ホログラムフィルム１０ａの真偽を判定するデータ処理部である。 In the present embodiment, for example, a hologram film 10a that is an identification pattern attached to the paper sheet 10 is an observation target.
In the identification device, reference numeral 1 denotes a transport unit that has a transport surface 1a on which the paper sheet 10 is placed and transports the paper sheet 10 placed on the transport surface 1a in the direction of an arrow A, for example. Reference numeral 2 denotes a light source that irradiates light to the hologram film 10 a of the paper sheet 10. Reference numeral 3 denotes an optical path member that emits two or more reflected lights from the hologram film 10a in three different directions here. Reference numeral 4 denotes a detector array that detects reflected light emitted from the optical path member 3. 5 is a data processing unit that compares the hologram image formed from the reflected light detected by the detector array 4 with a regular hologram image registered in advance for the hologram film 10a, and determines the authenticity of the hologram film 10a. .

光源２は、適度に発散する光を照射できる例えばＬＥＤ又は蛍光管等を有している。
識別装置において現れるホログラム像は、観察する方向だけでなく、光源２の照射方向にも依存しており、照射方向が若干変化すると、反射によりホログラム像の見える方向が若干変化する。このため、照射光が広い角度範囲の光線を含むものであれば、１つのパターン像が広い観察範囲で見えるようになり、特定の角度のみで見えるというホログラムの特徴を識別し難くなる。このため、光源２としては狭い角度の光線だけを照射するものが適しており、±５度程度の範囲の光線を含む、例えばＬＥＤ又は蛍光管等を備えた光源が望ましい。 The light source 2 has, for example, an LED or a fluorescent tube that can radiate appropriately diverging light.
The hologram image that appears in the identification device depends not only on the observation direction but also on the irradiation direction of the light source 2, and when the irradiation direction slightly changes, the direction in which the hologram image is visible changes slightly due to reflection. For this reason, if the irradiation light includes light rays in a wide angle range, one pattern image can be seen in a wide observation range, and it is difficult to identify the feature of the hologram that is seen only at a specific angle. For this reason, a light source 2 that irradiates only a light beam having a narrow angle is suitable, and a light source that includes a light beam in a range of about ± 5 degrees, for example, an LED or a fluorescent tube is desirable.

光路部材３は、複数、ここでは３枚の板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃが例えば積層されて構成される。板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃは、図２（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように、それぞれ反射光を入光面から出光面に向けて通過させる光路となる、互いに平行な複数の貫通孔１１を有している。貫通孔１１は、一列に複数配設されているが、２列以上に複数配設するようにしても良い。板状光路部材３ａの貫通孔１１と、板状光路部材３ｂの貫通孔１１と、板状光路部材３ｃの貫通孔１１とでは、それぞれ形成される方向（形成角度）が相異なる。   The optical path member 3 is configured by, for example, laminating a plurality of, here, three plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c. As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c each have a plurality of parallel penetrations that are optical paths through which the reflected light passes from the light incident surface toward the light exit surface. A hole 11 is provided. A plurality of through holes 11 are arranged in one row, but a plurality of through holes 11 may be arranged in two or more rows. The through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3a, the through-holes 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3b, and the through-holes 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3c are formed in different directions (formation angles).

光路部材３の板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃでは、貫通孔１１により、それぞれ特定方向の反射光のみを選別して透過するように構成されている。光路部材３は、例えばプラスチック又は金属等からなり、少なくとも貫通孔１１の内壁が反射光を遮光する材質であるか、或いは当該内壁に光反射を防止する表面処理が施されている。この構成により、主に直接的に貫通孔１１を通り抜けた、狭い角度範囲のみの反射光がディテクタアレイ４で検出される。貫通孔１１は例えば、配列ピッチを１ｍｍ程度、孔径を０．７ｍｍ程度、長さを１５ｍｍとすることで、充分に狭い角度範囲にして１ｍｍ程度の空間分解能の観察が可能となる。   The plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c of the optical path member 3 are configured such that only reflected light in a specific direction is selected and transmitted through the through holes 11 respectively. The optical path member 3 is made of, for example, plastic or metal, and at least the inner wall of the through hole 11 is made of a material that blocks reflected light, or the inner wall is subjected to a surface treatment that prevents light reflection. With this configuration, the reflected light of only a narrow angle range that has directly passed through the through-hole 11 is detected by the detector array 4. For example, the through holes 11 can have a spatial resolution of about 1 mm in a sufficiently narrow angle range by setting the arrangement pitch to about 1 mm, the hole diameter to about 0.7 mm, and the length to 15 mm.

ディテクタアレイ４は、図３に示すように、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの貫通孔１１毎に、当該貫通孔１１を通過した光の強度を検出するものである。ディテクタアレイ４の受光面には、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの各貫通孔１１に対応するようにマトリクス状にフォトダイオード等の受光素子４ａが並列している。ディテクタアレイ４では、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃに対応して３行の受光素子４ａの素子ライン４Ａ，４Ｂ，４Ｃが設けられている。板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの夫々について、貫通孔１１の数だけの測定点を持つ強度プロファイルが得られる。なお、ディテクタアレイ４において、例えば６行以上（各板状光路部材にそれぞれ２行以上が対応する。）の受光素子４ａのラインを設けるようにすることも考えられる。   As shown in FIG. 3, the detector array 4 detects the intensity of light that has passed through the through hole 11 for each of the through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path members 3 a, 3 b, 3 c. On the light receiving surface of the detector array 4, light receiving elements 4a such as photodiodes are arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the respective through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c. In the detector array 4, the element lines 4A, 4B, and 4C of the light receiving elements 4a in three rows are provided corresponding to the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c. For each of the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c, an intensity profile having measurement points as many as the number of through holes 11 is obtained. In the detector array 4, for example, it may be possible to provide six or more rows of light receiving elements 4 a (two or more rows correspond to each plate-like optical path member).

図４（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃに対応するディテクタアレイ４の素子ライン４Ａ，４Ｂ，４Ｃから、それぞれライン状の光強度データ（例えばラインデータ２１ａ，２２ａ，２３ａ）が得られる。搬送部１による紙葉１０の搬送により次々に取得したラインデータ２１ａ，２２ａ，２３ａをマッピングすることにより２次元のホログラム像が形成される。このようにして板状光路部材の個数分のホログラム像（ここでは、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃによる３つのホログラム像２１，２２，２３）が得られる。   As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, linear light intensity data (for example, line data) is respectively obtained from the element lines 4A, 4B, and 4C of the detector array 4 corresponding to the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c. 21a, 22a, 23a) are obtained. A two-dimensional hologram image is formed by mapping the line data 21a, 22a, and 23a acquired one after another by the conveyance of the paper sheet 10 by the conveyance unit 1. In this way, hologram images corresponding to the number of plate-like optical path members (here, three hologram images 21, 22, 23 by the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c) are obtained.

データ処理部５は、ディテクタアレイ４と接続されており、得られたホログラム像を、予め登録されている正規のホログラム像と比較し、正規のホログラム像と一致又は類似すると判断した場合に、当該ホログラム像が正規のホログラム像に対応した画像であると判断する。検出器４で形成されたホログラム像の、正規のホログラム像との比較は、例えば各点の光強度を閾値により二値化した後、パターンマッチングにより行われる。データ処理部５の機能は、例えばＲＯＭ又はハードディスク等の記憶媒体から読み出したプログラムをコンピュータのＣＰＵで実行することにより実現される。   When the data processing unit 5 is connected to the detector array 4 and compares the obtained hologram image with a regular hologram image registered in advance, and determines that it matches or resembles the regular hologram image, It is determined that the hologram image is an image corresponding to a regular hologram image. The comparison between the hologram image formed by the detector 4 and the normal hologram image is performed by pattern matching after binarizing the light intensity at each point with a threshold value, for example. The functions of the data processing unit 5 are realized by executing a program read from a storage medium such as a ROM or a hard disk by a CPU of the computer.

ホログラムフィルム１０ａのようなフィルム状のホログラムでは、垂直方向から照明した場合には、フィルム面に垂直な軸の周りのどちらの方向(方位)から観察するかにより現れるホログラム像が基本的に決定される。垂直からの傾き角は、ホログラム像のパターンに影響を与えない場合が多い。
本実施形態において、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの貫通孔１１の角度を変えることで変化させているのは、垂直軸回りの方位である。図２では、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃは、搬送方向Ａからの観察と、搬送方向Ａから両側に例えば３０°ずらした方向からの観察とを行うように貫通孔１１がそれぞれ形成されている。 When a film-like hologram such as the hologram film 10a is illuminated from the vertical direction, the hologram image that appears is basically determined depending on which direction (orientation) around the axis perpendicular to the film surface is observed. The In many cases, the tilt angle from the vertical does not affect the pattern of the hologram image.
In this embodiment, what is changed by changing the angle of the through hole 11 of the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c is the orientation around the vertical axis. In FIG. 2, the plate-like optical path members 3 a, 3 b, 3 c are formed with through-holes 11 so as to perform observation from the conveyance direction A and observation from a direction shifted by, for example, 30 ° on both sides from the conveyance direction A. ing.

搬送部１の搬送面１ａと貫通孔１１を延長した面とが交わるラインの部分が観測される部位になり、通常ではこのラインを搬送方向Ａと直交する方向に設定する。そのため、必然的に貫通孔１１は、搬送方向Ａ或いはその逆方向に傾いて形成されることになる。但し、本実施形態では、これ以外の傾斜方向に貫通孔１１を形成しても有効である。   The part of the line where the conveying surface 1a of the conveying unit 1 and the surface extending the through hole 11 intersect is a part to be observed, and this line is usually set in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction A. Therefore, the through-hole 11 is inevitably formed so as to be inclined in the transport direction A or the opposite direction. However, in the present embodiment, it is effective to form the through holes 11 in the other inclined directions.

図５は、各板状光路部材の貫通孔の形成角度を説明するための模式図である。
図５では、搬送部１の搬送面１ａをＸ−Ｙ平面とする。Ｘ−Ｙ平面において、直線ＯＣを含むＸ軸方向を方位０°として、Ｘ軸と直線ＯＤとのなす角を方位角θ1と定義する。光路部材３の垂直方向（Ｚ軸方向）からの傾斜角、即ちＺ軸と直線ＯＡとのなす角を傾斜角θ2と定義する。傾斜角θ2は、主に４５°である場合を想定している。図６には、光路部材３の板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂの概略平面図を例示する。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the formation angle of the through hole of each plate-like optical path member.
In FIG. 5, the conveyance surface 1a of the conveyance unit 1 is an XY plane. In the XY plane, an X-axis direction including the straight line OC is defined as an azimuth of 0 °, and an angle formed by the X-axis and the straight line OD is defined as an azimuth angle θ 1 . An inclination angle of the optical path member 3 from the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), that is, an angle formed by the Z-axis and the straight line OA is defined as an inclination angle θ 2 . It is assumed that the inclination angle θ 2 is mainly 45 °. FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic plan view of the plate-like optical path members 3 a and 3 b of the optical path member 3.

板状光路部材３ａの貫通孔１１の方向は、以下のように定められる。
方位角０°(直線ＯＣの方向)からの観察を行うには、直線ＯＡ方向に貫通孔１１が位置する。即ち、板状光路部材３ａには、図６（ａ）に示す入光側の辺Ｌと垂直な方向Ｄに貫通孔１１を形成すれば良い。 The direction of the through hole 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3a is determined as follows.
In order to perform observation from an azimuth angle of 0 ° (direction of the straight line OC), the through hole 11 is positioned in the direction of the straight line OA. That is, the through-hole 11 may be formed in the plate-like optical path member 3a in the direction D perpendicular to the light incident side L shown in FIG.

板状光路部材３ｂの貫通孔１１の方向は、以下のように定められる。
方位角θ1(直線ＯＤの方向)からの観察を行う場合は、直線ＯＤを含み、かつＸ−Ｙ平面（搬送面１ａ)に垂直な平面を考え、これと板状光路部材３ｂの交点からなる直線ＯＢと平行に貫通孔１１を形成する。角ＡＯＢを、板状光路部材３ｂの貫通孔１１の孔角θ3と定義する。即ち、板状光路部材３ｂには、図６（ｂ）に示す入光側の辺Ｌと垂直な方向Ｄから孔角θ3の方向に貫通孔１１を形成すれば良い。 The direction of the through hole 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3b is determined as follows.
When observing from the azimuth angle θ 1 (direction of the straight line OD), a plane including the straight line OD and perpendicular to the XY plane (conveying surface 1a) is considered, and from the intersection of this and the plate-like optical path member 3b The through hole 11 is formed in parallel with the straight line OB. The angle AOB is defined as the hole angle θ 3 of the through hole 11 of the plate-like optical path member 3b. That is, the through-hole 11 may be formed in the plate-like optical path member 3b in the direction of the hole angle θ 3 from the direction D perpendicular to the side L on the light incident side shown in FIG.

方位角θ1，傾斜角θ2，孔角θ3は、以下の関係を有する。
tanθ3＝ＡＢ／ＯＡ
＝ＣＤ／ＯＡ
＝ＯＣ×tanθ1/[ＯＣ／cos(９０−θ2)]
＝ tanθ1×cos(９０−θ2)
よって、
θ3＝tan-1[tanθ1×cos(９０−θ2)]
上記の式から、方位角θ1＝４５°、傾斜角θ2＝４５°の場合には、孔角θ3は３５°程度となる。同様に、方位角θ1＝３０°、傾斜角θ2＝４５°の場合には、孔角θ3は２２°程度となる。 The azimuth angle θ 1 , the inclination angle θ 2 , and the hole angle θ 3 have the following relationship.
tanθ 3 = AB / OA
= CD / OA
= OC × tanθ 1 / [OC / cos (90−θ 2 )]
= Tanθ 1 × cos (90−θ 2 )
Therefore,
θ 3 = tan −1 [tan θ 1 × cos (90−θ 2 )]
From the above formula, when the azimuth angle θ 1 = 45 ° and the inclination angle θ 2 = 45 °, the hole angle θ 3 is about 35 °. Similarly, when the azimuth angle θ 1 = 30 ° and the inclination angle θ 2 = 45 °, the hole angle θ 3 is about 22 °.

上記のように、本実施形態では、光路部材３の貫通孔１１の角度を変えることにより、±４５°程度まで観察方位を変化させることができる。従って、光路部材３の貫通孔１１を搬送方向Ａに傾ける配置とした場合には、搬送方向Ａを中心に±４５°程度までの観察方位を実現することができる。   As described above, in this embodiment, the viewing direction can be changed to about ± 45 ° by changing the angle of the through hole 11 of the optical path member 3. Therefore, when the through-hole 11 of the optical path member 3 is arranged to be inclined in the transport direction A, an observation direction up to about ± 45 ° with respect to the transport direction A can be realized.

上記のように構成された識別装置を用いた識別方法について説明する。図７は、本実施形態による識別方法をステップ順に示すフロー図である。
先ず、光源２は、搬送部１の搬送面１ａに載置された紙葉１０のホログラムフィルム１０ａに光を照射する(ステップＳ１)。
続いて、光路部材３は、ホログラムフィルム１０ａからの反射光を貫通孔１１を介してディテクタアレイ４に出射する(ステップＳ２)。 An identification method using the identification device configured as described above will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the identification method according to this embodiment in the order of steps.
First, the light source 2 irradiates light onto the hologram film 10a of the paper sheet 10 placed on the transport surface 1a of the transport unit 1 (step S1).
Subsequently, the optical path member 3 emits the reflected light from the hologram film 10a to the detector array 4 through the through holes 11 (step S2).

続いて、ディテクタアレイ４は、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの貫通孔１１毎に、当該貫通孔１１を通過した光の強度を検出する(ステップＳ３)。ディテクタアレイ４は、搬送部１による紙葉１０の搬送により次々に取得したラインデータ２１ａ，２２ａ，２３ａをマッピングし、板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃに対応した３種のホログラム像を形成する(ステップＳ４)。   Subsequently, the detector array 4 detects the intensity of the light that has passed through the through hole 11 for each of the through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c (step S3). The detector array 4 maps the line data 21a, 22a, and 23a acquired one after another by transporting the paper sheet 10 by the transport unit 1, and forms three types of hologram images corresponding to the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c. (Step S4).

続いて、データ処理部５は、得られた各ホログラム像を、それぞれ予め登録されている正規のホログラム像と比較する(ステップＳ５)。ステップＳ５において、得られた各ホログラム像が正規のホログラム像と一致又は類似すると判断した場合には、当該ホログラム像が正規のホログラム像に対応した画像であり、当該ホログラムフィルム１０ａ（紙葉１０）は真正なものであると判断する(ステップＳ６)。一方、得られた各ホログラム像が正規のホログラム像とは異なると判断した場合には、当該ホログラム像は正規のホログラム像に対応しない画像であり、当該ホログラムフィルム１０ａ（紙葉１０）は偽物であると判断する(ステップＳ７)。   Subsequently, the data processing unit 5 compares each obtained hologram image with a regular hologram image registered in advance (step S5). If it is determined in step S5 that each obtained hologram image is identical or similar to the regular hologram image, the hologram image is an image corresponding to the regular hologram image, and the hologram film 10a (paper sheet 10). Is determined to be authentic (step S6). On the other hand, when it is determined that each obtained hologram image is different from the regular hologram image, the hologram image is an image that does not correspond to the regular hologram image, and the hologram film 10a (paper sheet 10) is a fake. It is determined that there is (step S7).

以下、本実施形態の諸変形例について説明する。   Hereinafter, various modifications of the present embodiment will be described.

（変形例１）
上述したような、方位によって現れる像が異なる場合ではなく、同じ方位でも傾斜角により現れる像が変化するようなホログラムを識別する場合には、例えば図８のように識別装置を構成すれば良い。
図８では、光路部材３を構成する板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃを、それぞれ異なる傾斜角に配置する。板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの各出光面と対向するように、ディテクタアレイ１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃが配置されている。ディテクタアレイ１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃは、上記したディテクタアレイ４の各行の受光素子４ａのラインが設けられている。 (Modification 1)
When discriminating a hologram in which an image appearing with an inclination angle is changed even in the same azimuth, as described above, the discriminating device may be configured as shown in FIG. 8, for example.
In FIG. 8, the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c constituting the optical path member 3 are arranged at different inclination angles. Detector arrays 12a, 12b, and 12c are arranged so as to face the light exit surfaces of the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, and 3c. The detector arrays 12a, 12b, and 12c are provided with the lines of the light receiving elements 4a in each row of the detector array 4 described above.

観測する方位が、光路部材３の傾斜の方位と同じ(方位角０°)場合には、全ての板状光路部材で入光側の辺と垂直な方向に貫通孔１１を形成すれば良いが、方位角０°以外では厳密には同じ方位で観測するためには、光路部材３の傾斜に伴って、光路部材３の貫通孔１１の角度を若干変える必要がある。
方位角のみならず、傾斜角にも敏感なホログラム像を観察する場合にも、複数の板状光路部材を積層配置するのではなく、図８と同様に板状光路部材毎に傾斜角を変えて、夫々の板状光路部材が最適な傾きになるように配置することが有効である。方位角が０°からずれるほど、実際の観察方向の傾斜角は、光路部材３の傾斜角からずれる。このことを考慮して光路部材３の傾斜角を決定する必要がある。例えば図５において、方位角θ1及び傾斜角θ2が４５°である場合には、貫通孔１１の傾き角(直線ＯＢとＺ軸とのなす角度)は、光路部材３の傾斜角４５°よりも大きく(水平に近く)なっている。観察する角度を傾き４５°にしたいのであれば、光路部材３の傾斜角を４５°よりも小さくする必要がある。 When the azimuth to be observed is the same as the tilt azimuth of the optical path member 3 (azimuth angle 0 °), the through holes 11 may be formed in the direction perpendicular to the light incident side with all the plate-shaped optical path members. Strictly speaking, in order to observe in the same azimuth other than the azimuth angle of 0 °, it is necessary to slightly change the angle of the through hole 11 of the optical path member 3 as the optical path member 3 is inclined.
When observing a hologram image that is sensitive not only to the azimuth angle but also to the tilt angle, the tilt angle is changed for each plate optical path member as in FIG. 8 instead of stacking a plurality of plate optical path members. Thus, it is effective to arrange each plate-like optical path member so as to have an optimum inclination. As the azimuth angle deviates from 0 °, the inclination angle in the actual observation direction deviates from the inclination angle of the optical path member 3. In consideration of this, it is necessary to determine the inclination angle of the optical path member 3. For example, in FIG. 5, when the azimuth angle θ 1 and the inclination angle θ 2 are 45 °, the inclination angle of the through hole 11 (the angle formed by the straight line OB and the Z axis) is 45 ° of the optical path member 3. Is larger (close to horizontal). If it is desired to make the observation angle 45 °, it is necessary to make the angle of the optical path member 3 smaller than 45 °.

（変形例２）
ＡＴＭ等では、紙幣の表面と裏面とを一定の方向に揃えることを要求せず、紙幣が表裏いずれに配置された場合でも適正に処理できるものがある。この場合、紙幣に付されたホログラムフィルムが搬送面のいずれの側であっても正確に観察することが求められる。
図９の識別装置では、光源２、光路部材３及びディテクタアレイ４からなる観測系を、搬送部１の搬送面１ａの表面側及び裏面側の双方にそれぞれ配置している。この構成によれば、紙葉１０のホログラムフィルム１０ａが表面及び裏面のいずれに付されていても、正確な観測ができる。 (Modification 2)
Some ATMs do not require that the front and back sides of the banknote be aligned in a certain direction, and can be processed properly even when the banknote is placed on either the front or back side. In this case, it is required to accurately observe whether the hologram film attached to the banknote is on either side of the transport surface.
In the identification device of FIG. 9, the observation system including the light source 2, the optical path member 3, and the detector array 4 is arranged on both the front side and the back side of the transport surface 1 a of the transport unit 1. According to this configuration, accurate observation can be performed regardless of whether the hologram film 10a of the paper sheet 10 is attached to the front surface or the back surface.

（変形例３）
図１０の識別装置では、搬送部１の搬送面１ａに垂直な軸である、光源２からの照射光に対して、搬送方向Ａに向けて傾斜配置された光路部材３及びディテクタアレイ４と、搬送方向Ａとは逆の方向に向けて傾斜配置された光路部材１３及びディテクタアレイ１４とをそれぞれ配置している。
光路部材１３は、複数、ここでは２枚の板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂが例えば積層されて構成される。板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂは、光路部材３の板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃと同様に、それぞれ反射光を入光面から出光面に向けて通過させる、互いに平行な複数の貫通孔１１を有している。 (Modification 3)
In the identification device of FIG. 10, the optical path member 3 and the detector array 4 that are inclined toward the transport direction A with respect to the irradiation light from the light source 2, which is an axis perpendicular to the transport surface 1 a of the transport unit 1, An optical path member 13 and a detector array 14 that are inclined in the direction opposite to the transport direction A are disposed.
The optical path member 13 is configured by, for example, laminating a plurality of, here, two plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b. The plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b, like the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b and 3c of the optical path member 3, respectively, allow a plurality of through-holes 11 parallel to each other to pass reflected light from the light incident surface toward the light exit surface. have.

ディテクタアレイ１４は、板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂの貫通孔１１毎に、当該貫通孔１１を通過した光の強度を検出するものである。ディテクタアレイ４と同様に、ディテクタアレイ１４の受光面には、板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂの各貫通孔１１に対応するようにマトリクス状にフォトダイオード等の受光素子が並列している。ディテクタアレイ１４では、板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂに対応して２行の受光素子のラインが設けられている。   The detector array 14 detects the intensity of light that has passed through the through holes 11 for each of the through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b. Similar to the detector array 4, on the light receiving surface of the detector array 14, light receiving elements such as photodiodes are arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the through holes 11 of the plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b. In the detector array 14, two lines of light receiving elements are provided corresponding to the plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b.

搬送方向Ａを方位角０°の方向とすると、光路部材３の板状光路部材３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃには、図１１に示す方位角０°，方位角４５°，方位角−４５°に対応する孔角の貫通孔１１が形成されている。光路部材１３の板状光路部材１３ａ，１３ｂには、図１１に示す方位角１５０°，方位角方位−１５０°に対応する孔角の貫通孔１１が形成されている。
通常、ホログラムフィルムでは、観察方位を１８０°反転させても同じパターンの像が見られる。そのため、方位角±１５０°は、方位角±３０°と同等である。 When the transport direction A is an azimuth angle of 0 °, the plate-like optical path members 3a, 3b, 3c of the optical path member 3 correspond to the azimuth angle 0 °, the azimuth angle 45 °, and the azimuth angle −45 ° shown in FIG. A through-hole 11 having a hole angle is formed. The plate-like optical path members 13a and 13b of the optical path member 13 are formed with through holes 11 having a hole angle corresponding to the azimuth angle 150 ° and the azimuth angle direction −150 ° shown in FIG.
Usually, in the hologram film, the same pattern image can be seen even if the observation direction is reversed by 180 °. Therefore, the azimuth angle ± 150 ° is equivalent to the azimuth angle ± 30 °.

板状光路部材を積層して光路部材とする場合、各板状光路部材の観察する位置は、搬送面上で少しずつずれている。各板状光路部材で十分な観察を行うためには、ホログラムフィルムの搬送方向に幅広く光照射することを要する。
光路部材として光路部材３のみを片側配置する場合、照明を要する部位が広くなるのに対して、図１０のように光路部材３に加えて光路部材１３を光源２からの照射光に対して互いに逆側に配置することにより、照明を要する部位は狭くなる。従って、光源２の構成を簡素化することができる。
また、片側に複数の光路部材３を配置すると、光源２による照明を邪魔しないようにするために、上方に配置されている光路部材３を搬送面１ａに近接配置させることができないという問題がある。この点でも、図１０のように光源２からの照射光に対して互いに逆側に光路部材３，１３を分けて配置する方が有利である。 When laminating plate-like optical path members to form an optical path member, the position observed by each plate-like optical path member is slightly shifted on the transport surface. In order to perform sufficient observation with each plate-like optical path member, it is necessary to irradiate light widely in the conveyance direction of the hologram film.
When only the optical path member 3 is disposed on one side as the optical path member, the portion requiring illumination is widened. On the other hand, the optical path member 13 in addition to the optical path member 3 as shown in FIG. By arrange | positioning on the reverse side, the site | part which requires illumination becomes narrow. Therefore, the configuration of the light source 2 can be simplified.
Further, when a plurality of optical path members 3 are disposed on one side, there is a problem that the optical path member 3 disposed above cannot be disposed close to the transport surface 1a in order not to disturb the illumination by the light source 2. . Also in this respect, it is advantageous to separately arrange the optical path members 3 and 13 on the opposite sides with respect to the irradiation light from the light source 2 as shown in FIG.

通常、ホログラムフィルムは、１０ｍｍ角程度の小さなものであるが、各種の紙幣等を扱うような汎用性の高い識別装置では、特定の狭い位置だけでなく、紙幣等の幅全体等の広い範囲を観察することが望まれる。従来のレンズを用いた観察では、広い範囲を観察するには光路長が一層大きくなる等、スペースの増大を招く。本実施形態では、紙幣等の広い範囲の観察に適している。例えば、光路部材３及びディテクタアレイ４を横方向に適宜長く形成することにより、光路長を増大することなく広い範囲を観察することができる。   Usually, a hologram film is a small one of about 10 mm square. However, in a highly versatile identification device that handles various banknotes and the like, not only a specific narrow position but also a wide range such as the entire width of banknotes or the like. It is desirable to observe. Observation using a conventional lens causes an increase in space, such as a longer optical path length for observing a wide range. In this embodiment, it is suitable for observation of a wide range such as banknotes. For example, a wide range can be observed without increasing the optical path length by forming the optical path member 3 and the detector array 4 appropriately long in the lateral direction.

以上説明したように、本実施形態及びその諸変形例によれば、小さなスペースで複数の角度から観察したホログラム像を、各観察角度の反射光が互いに影響を受けることなく取得することが可能となり、ＡＴＭ等に組み込んで使用することができる信頼性の高い識別装置及び識別方法が実現する。   As described above, according to the present embodiment and its various modifications, it is possible to obtain a hologram image observed from a plurality of angles in a small space without the reflected lights at the respective observation angles being affected by each other. Thus, a highly reliable identification device and identification method that can be used by being incorporated in an ATM or the like is realized.

本件によれば、小さなスペースで複数の角度から観察したホログラム等の像を、各観察角度の反射光が互いに影響を受けることなく取得することが可能となり、ＡＴＭ等に組み込んで使用することができる信頼性の高い識別装置及び識別方法が実現する。   According to the present case, images such as holograms observed from a plurality of angles in a small space can be obtained without the reflected lights at the respective observation angles being influenced by each other, and can be used by being incorporated in an ATM or the like. A highly reliable identification device and identification method are realized.

１ 搬送部
１ａ 搬送面
２ 光源
３，１３ 光路部材
３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ 板状光路部材
４，１２ａ，１２ｂ，１２ｃ，１４ ディテクタアレイ
４ａ 受光素子
４Ａ，４Ｂ，４Ｃ 素子ライン
５ データ処理部
１０ 紙葉
１０ａ ホログラムフィルム
１１ 貫通孔
２１，２２，２３ ホログラム像
２１ａ，２２ａ，２３ａ ラインデータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveyance part 1a Conveyance surface 2 Light source 3, 13 Optical path member 3a, 3b, 3c Plate-shaped optical path member 4, 12a, 12b, 12c, 14 Detector array 4a Light receiving element 4A, 4B, 4C Element line 5 Data processing part 10 Paper sheet 10a Hologram film 11 Through holes 21, 22, 23 Hologram images 21a, 22a, 23a Line data

Claims (5)

識別パターンに光を照射する光源と、
前記識別パターンからの反射光を２つ以上の異なる方向に出射させる光路部材と、
前記光路部材から出射させた前記反射光を検出する検出器と
を含むことを特徴とする識別装置。 A light source for irradiating the identification pattern with light;
An optical path member for emitting reflected light from the identification pattern in two or more different directions;
A detector for detecting the reflected light emitted from the optical path member. 前記光路部材は、前記反射光を入光面から出光面に向けて通過させる、互いに平行な複数の貫通孔を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の識別装置。   2. The identification device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path member has a plurality of parallel through holes that allow the reflected light to pass from a light incident surface toward a light output surface. 前記光路部材は複数の板状光路部材を有し、それぞれの前記板状光路部材に、前記板状光路部材ごとに方向の異なる前記複数の貫通孔を有することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の識別装置。   The said optical path member has several plate-shaped optical path members, Each said plate-shaped optical path member has the said some through-hole from which a direction differs for every said plate-shaped optical path member, The said 2nd aspect is characterized by the above-mentioned. Identification device. 前記光路部材は、プラスチック又は金属からなることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の識別装置。   The identification device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path member is made of plastic or metal. 識別パターンに光を照射し、
前記識別パターンからの反射光を２つ以上の異なる方向に出射させる光路部材を介して、前記光路部材から前記反射光を出射させ、
前記光路部材から出射させた前記反射光を検出器で検出した後、データ処理部でホログラム像を形成し、
前記ホログラム像を、前記識別パターンについて予め登録されている正規のホログラム像と比較し、前記識別パターンの真偽を判定することを特徴とする識別方法。 Irradiate the identification pattern with light,
Through the optical path member that emits the reflected light from the identification pattern in two or more different directions, to emit the reflected light from the optical path member,
After detecting the reflected light emitted from the optical path member with a detector, a data processing unit forms a hologram image,
An identification method comprising: comparing the hologram image with a regular hologram image registered in advance for the identification pattern to determine whether the identification pattern is true or false.
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