JP2010249333A - Operation control information generation device, operation control information generating program, recording medium, and operation control information generating method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation control device for a heat pump type hot water supply system generating an operation schedule satisfying heat demand and minimizing power consumption of a whole of the heat pump type hot water supply system in reflection of defrosting operation. <P>SOLUTION: The operation control device 101 generates operation control information of the heat pump type hot water supply system 200. A heat source facility characteristics modeling means 21 holds characteristics of a heat pump, and it has a frost formation amount estimating means 21a for calculating a frost formation amount of an evaporator of the heat pump 71, and a heat source efficiency correcting means 21b for correcting the characteristics of the heat pump 71 based on the frost formation amount. In an optimization calculating means 3, a predicted value of heat demand is input, a facility characteristics model is input including the heat pump characteristics corrected based on the frost formation amount, hot water supply facility characteristics of the heat pump type hot water supply system, and conveyance facility characteristics, and an optimization technique directed to the predicted value of heat demand and a facility characteristics model is adopted to generate the operation schedule of the heat pump type hot water supply system 200. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation control information generating apparatus that generates an operation schedule of equipment so that the efficiency of the entire system is the best for a hot water supply system using a heat pump.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a heat pump hot water supply system that heats a building by generating hot water by a heat pump and circulating the hot water to a radiator provided in each room in the building. A conventional facility operation method in this hot water supply system is controlled by a controller based on a signal from a sensor provided in the facility (Patent Document 1). For example, when the temperature of hot water returning from the radiator in the room to the hot water tank is higher than a first predetermined temperature and the room temperature in the room is higher than a second predetermined temperature, the inverter of the compressor of the heat pump When the first control is performed to bring the frequency closer to the minimum frequency and the room temperature of the room becomes lower than the third set temperature lower than the second set temperature, or the room temperature of the room is lower than the third set temperature. Is also lowered for a certain period of time, the first control is released.

  On the other hand, as an example of control of heat sources other than the heat pump, in addition to the real-time control as described above, the load of the next day is predicted on the previous day, and the sum of the objective functions related to the power charges and gas charges required for the air conditioning / heat source plant is calculated. There is a heat source operation support system that creates an optimal operation schedule of an air conditioning / heat source plant using an optimization method that minimizes (Patent Document 2). In Patent Document 2, a method is used in which an operation plan for a plurality of heat source devices is obtained using a simple plant model that uses a simple approximate expression for the characteristics of the heat source.

JP 2008-39306 A JP 2004-317049 A

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1, since control is based on real-time sensor data, for example, the compressor is operated at a low frequency during a time period when the load is small, and the heat pump is always operated with high boiling efficiency. There is a problem that it cannot be done. Also, during defrosting operation to remove frost adhering to the heat exchanger of the heat pump, heat is supplied to the hot water supply and heating equipment in order to melt and remove the frost with the heat obtained in the refrigeration cycle by switching the heat pump circuit However, if it is determined that the heat supply is insufficient, an electric heater or the like may be activated to compensate for the shortage of heat. For example, when the electric heater is started, power is consumed two to three times as much as that of the heat pump, so that there is a problem that the power consumption of the entire system increases.

  On the other hand, in the method of Patent Document 2, the operation schedule of the heat source is determined in advance so that the electricity charge and gas charge of the system are minimized, and the input energy amount and the heat source characteristics used when determining the operation state of the heat source are determined. Since only a simple approximate expression with the amount of output energy is used, when applied to the heat pump hot water supply system, there is a problem that defrosting operation of the heat pump that occurs at low outside air temperature cannot be considered.

  An object of the present invention is to create an operation plan of a heat pump type hot water supply system that consumes the least amount of power in the entire system, including a defrosting operation unique to a heat pump, and to control equipment based on the operation plan.

The operation control information generating device of this invention is
In the operation control information generating device for generating operation control information for controlling the operation of the heat pump hot water supply system that supplies hot water using a heat pump that is a heat source including a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, and an evaporator,
The heat source equipment characteristic modeling means possessing the characteristics of the heat pump, the frost formation amount estimating means for calculating the frost formation amount indicating the amount of frost attached to the evaporator according to a predetermined procedure, and the frost formation amount Heat source facility characteristic modeling means having heat source efficiency correction means for correcting the characteristics of the heat pump based on the frost formation amount calculated by the estimation means;
While inputting the predicted value of the heat demand required for the heat pump hot water supply system, the characteristics of the heat pump corrected by the heat source equipment characteristic modeling means, the characteristics of the hot water supply equipment of the heat pump hot water supply system, and the heat pump The heat pump hot water supply by inputting a facility characteristic model including the characteristics of the transport facility of the hot water supply system and applying a predetermined optimization method for the input predicted value of the heat demand and the facility characteristic model And an optimization calculation unit that generates a system operation schedule as the operation control information.

  According to the present invention, characteristics of heat source equipment, hot water supply equipment, transfer equipment, etc., which satisfy the heat demand and are components of the heat pump hot water supply system, are modeled, and conditions such as outside air temperature, flow rate, temperature of incoming and outgoing hot water of equipment, etc. Since the operation schedule of the optimal heat pump hot water supply system including the defrosting operation is generated using the characteristics of the equipment determined from the above, the power consumption of the entire heat pump hot water supply system can be minimized.

1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a heat pump hot water supply system 200 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation control apparatus 101 according to a first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of characteristic data of the heat pump 71 according to the first embodiment. The block diagram of the operation control apparatus 102 of Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of a heat pump 71 of a second embodiment. The block diagram of the operation control apparatus 104 of Embodiment 4. FIG. The block diagram of the heat pump type hot-water supply system 200 of Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an operation control apparatus 105 according to the fifth embodiment. The hardware configuration of the operation control apparatus of Embodiment 6. FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
The operation control apparatus 101 (operation control information generation apparatus) of Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The operation control device 101 generates operation control information for controlling the operation of the heat pump hot water supply system 200.

  FIG. 1 is an example of a heat pump hot water supply system. Control is performed by inputting an operation schedule from the operation control device 101 to the control device 210 of the heat pump hot water supply system 200.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a heat pump hot water supply system 200 includes a heat pump 71 that is a heat source, a hot water supply tank 76 that is a hot water supply facility, a radiator or fan coil unit 77 that is a heating facility, a floor heating 78, an auxiliary heat source 72, and an electric valve 73. A circulation pump 75 and the like are provided, and these are connected by a pipe 74. The control device 210 controls equipment such as the heat pump 71, the auxiliary heat source 72, the electric valve 73, and the circulation pump 75 according to the operation schedule input from the operation control device 101.

  An indoor temperature sensor 79 is disposed in the room. The hot water supply tank 76 includes a tank temperature sensor 80 that measures the temperature of the hot water in the tank directly or indirectly from the tank wall surface. A hot water temperature sensor 81 that measures the temperature of hot water to be supplied and a return hot water temperature sensor 82 that measures the temperature of hot water returned to the heat pump 71 are arranged in the pipe 74. The heat pump 71 includes an outside air temperature sensor 83 that measures the outside air temperature.

  In the first embodiment, a radiator or a fan coil unit and floor heating are used as the heating facility, but other heating devices may be used. Further, there may be a case where there is no heating facility and only a hot water supply facility, or a configuration where there is no hot water supply facility and only the heating facility is possible.

  In the heat pump hot water supply system 200, a heat pump 71 as a heat source takes in heat from the outside by a refrigeration cycle, and is stored in an outdoor unit of the heat pump 71, or through a water heat exchanger (condenser) connected externally. Warm up. Thereby, warm water flows through the pipe 74. When the heat pump 71 fails or temporarily loses its capacity, the hot water is further heated by the auxiliary heat source 72 (which can be used as an alternative heat source described later in Embodiment 3). The hot water is supplied to the hot water supply tank 76 or the radiator / fan coil unit 77 of the heating equipment and the floor heating 78 depending on the operation state of the electric valve 73 and the circulation pump 75. Note that heat supply to the hot water supply facility and the heating facility is not performed at the same time, and the operation is switched to either by the motorized valve 73. If the hot water supply tank 76 is a direct heating type, the hot water flowing through the pipe 74 is used as it is, and if the hot water supply tank 76 is an indirect heating type, hot water heated in the hot water supply tank 76 via a heat exchange facility is used. Note that measurement information (detection signals) of the temperature sensors 79 to 83 is sent to the operation control device 101.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the operation control apparatus 101. The operation control apparatus 101 includes a heat demand prediction unit 1, an equipment characteristic modeling unit 2, an optimization calculation unit 3, a schedule evaluation unit 4, a schedule correction unit 5, and an equipment control unit 6.

(Heat demand prediction means 1)
The heat demand prediction means 1 obtains a heat demand prediction value (hot water supply load + heating load prediction value) necessary for calculating the optimum operation schedule. The heat demand prediction value may be set manually. However, the heat demand prediction means 1 includes, for example, “meteorological data” such as the next day's weather forecast value and the maximum / minimum outside air temperature forecast value, and the heat pump hot water supply system 200. The heat demand prediction value is calculated based on the “actual value of heat demand”. Weather data can be manually entered, but it may be automatically acquired from an external system via communication means using an online service such as the Japan Weather Association provided on the Internet or the like. . It is also possible to create the weather data for the next day based on the past data of the outside air temperature acquired from the outside air temperature sensor 83 provided in the heat pump 71.

(Equipment characteristic modeling means 2)
The facility characteristic modeling unit 2 includes a heat source facility characteristic modeling unit 21, a hot water supply facility characteristic modeling unit 22, a heating facility characteristic modeling unit 23, and a transfer facility that include a frost formation amount estimation unit 21 a and a heat source efficiency correction unit 21 b. A characteristic modeling means 24 is provided. Here, “modeling” means “defining characteristics so that an output for an input can be specified”.

(Heat source equipment characteristic modeling means 21)
The heat source facility characteristic modeling means 21 models the relationship between the power consumption of the heat pump 71 and the auxiliary heat source 72 that are heat sources, the heat supply amount, the outside air temperature, and the like.

  FIG. 3 is an example of characteristic data of the heat pump 71, and represents the relationship between the outside air temperature and the hot water temperature, and COP (Coefficient of Performance). The characteristic data of the auxiliary heat source 72 may represent the relationship between the power consumption and the heat supply amount by a fixed value or a simple approximate expression of a linear expression. Thus, the heat source equipment characteristic modeling means 21 holds characteristic data of the heat pump 71.

(Frosting amount estimation means 21a)
The frost formation amount estimation means 21 a estimates the amount of frost formation on the heat exchanger (evaporator) of the heat pump 71. For example, the frost formation amount to the heat exchanger is set for each level in the frost formation amount estimation means 21a, and the frost formation amount estimation means 21a has a continuous operation time of the first set time or more in a predetermined outside air temperature period, If it is less than the second set time, the frost level on the heat exchanger is determined. The outside air temperature used here may be created to determine the frost amount level based on weather data such as the next day weather forecast value and the highest and lowest outside air temperature forecast values. Further, the outside air temperature used here can be created based on the past data of the outside air temperature acquired from the outside air temperature sensor 83 provided in the heat pump 71. In order to estimate a more accurate frost amount, humidity information around the heat pump may be added to determine the frost amount. The humidity information used here may be determined based on past data acquired from the humidity sensor by installing a humidity sensor in the heat pump 71. Thus, the frost formation amount estimation means 21a calculates the frost formation amount adhering to the evaporator of the heat pump 71 according to a predetermined procedure.

(Heat source efficiency correction means 21b)
The heat source efficiency correction unit 21b corrects the characteristics of the heat source facility based on the frost formation amount of the heat exchanger determined by the frost formation amount estimation unit 21a. For example, the heat source efficiency correction unit 21b reduces the COP of the heat pump 71 by a predetermined ratio based on the frost amount level obtained by the frost amount estimation unit 21a. In this way, the heat source efficiency correction unit 21b corrects the characteristics of the heat pump 71 based on the frost formation amount calculated by the frost formation amount estimation unit 21a.

(Hot water supply equipment characteristic modeling means 22)
The hot water supply equipment characteristic modeling means 22 models the relationship between the temperature of the hot water in and out of the hot water supply tank 76, the flow rate, the outside temperature, and the temperature in the tank. For example, a function may be created with the tank discharge temperature as an objective variable, the tank inflow temperature and flow rate, the outside air temperature, etc. as explanatory variables.

(Heating equipment characteristic modeling means 23)
The heating facility characteristic modeling means 23 models the relationship among the radiator, the floor heating, and the fan coil unit that are the heating facilities, the flow rate, the indoor temperature, and the heat radiation amount (the indoor heat supply amount). For example, the function may be created with the hot water temperature as an objective variable, the inflow temperature and flow rate, the room temperature, and the heat radiation to the outdoors as explanatory variables. Since the amount of heat released to the outside varies depending on the outside air temperature and the thermal insulation performance of the room, it is necessary to solve the indoor heat transfer model including the physical properties of the building material in order to obtain it accurately. May be used to correct the amount of heat released to the outdoors.

(Conveying equipment characteristic modeling means 24)
The transport facility characteristic modeling unit 24 models characteristics related to transport path facilities such as pumps, valves, and piping. For example, in the case of a pump, a function may be created using a flow rate and power consumption as objective variables and an operation signal as an explanatory variable. As these characteristic data, data on a catalog may be used, or data obtained from a collection result of operation data of already delivered products may be used.

(Optimization calculation means 3)
The optimization calculation means 3 uses the operation state of the equipment that can be controlled by the equipment control means 6 (heat source operation signal, pump operation signal, switching valve state, auxiliary heat source operation stop state, etc.) as a control variable, and the power consumption of the entire system. The control variable is determined so that is minimized. The problem of obtaining the optimum operation schedule of the heat pump hot water supply system 200 is formulated as an optimization problem for obtaining the operation state X (k) of each facility that minimizes the objective function expressed by the following equation (1). .
(Objective function)

In the above equation (1), P _HP , P _H , and P _P are expressed as in equations (2) to (4), respectively.

here,
P: Power consumption (w)
X: Operating state f: Characteristic function Subscript HP: Heat pump
H: heater,
P: Pump,
The unit of power consumption P is w (watts). The unit of the driving state X varies depending on the target of the driving state X.
Here, when obtaining the operation state X (k) of each facility by the above formulas (1) to (4), the constraint conditions such as the heat supply condition and the characteristic condition by each facility must be satisfied. Further, the heat pump 71 determines the operating state X (k) including the defrosting operation. Since the defrosting operation is generally performed when the heat exchange characteristic is deteriorated, for example, when the correction amount of the heat exchange characteristic of the heat source corrected by the heat source efficiency correction unit 21b exceeds a certain value, the circuit of the heat pump 71 So-called “defrosting operation” is started in which frost is removed by heat obtained in the refrigeration cycle. A predetermined time may be set in advance as the time from the start of the defrosting operation to the stop. Moreover, you may set time according to the frost level estimated by the frost amount estimation means 21a. As an example of determining the start of the defrosting operation, it may be optimal not to perform the defrosting operation in order to meet the heat demand even if the efficiency is somewhat reduced, so the total predicted value of the heat demand up to several hours ahead is the threshold value. It may be the following case (threshold of the amount that can store the heat demand for the defrosting operation time in advance even if the current efficiency is low).
The optimization problem formulated as described above is solved by the optimization calculation means 3.
The optimization calculation means 3 uses a non-linear combination optimization method such as PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) or a genetic algorithm. In the combinatorial optimization problem, the calculation time increases exponentially as the number of discrete variables increases. Although it is desirable to adjust the calculation step to the control time, when it is a unit of several minutes, it is difficult to obtain the operation schedule of the present system in real time. Therefore, in order to obtain in real time, the PSO is one of methods for performing heuristic combinatorial optimization calculation. An example using PSO as an optimization method will be described below.

(Optimization calculation by PSO)
The greatest feature of PSO is a search by a group composed of a plurality of search points. Each agent (search point) shares information with each other, and each agent searches the solution space based on the information. The PSO is composed of a very simple algorithm and can solve an optimization problem having a continuous non-linear solution space at high speed even though only basic arithmetic operations are used.

In PSO, each agent constituting a group has current position and velocity information in the solution space. Each agent stores the best value “pbest” and the position in the search so far. Furthermore, the best value “gbest” of the group in the search so far and its position information are shared by the whole group. Each agent generates a new movement vector v ^{k + 1} as a linear combination of the vector toward “pbest”, the vector toward “gbest”, and the previous movement vector v ^k , and moves to the next position x ^{k + 1} . PSO is a method originally developed from the process of expressing the movement of a group in a two-dimensional space, but it can be extended to a multidimensional space. When the agent i moves in the (k + 1) th movement, the movement vector v _ij ^{k + 1} projected onto the jth orthogonal coordinate axis in the n-dimensional space is given by the following equation.

v: individual velocity,
x: the position of the individual,
pbest: the best position an individual has,
gbest: the best position the flock has
ω, c ₁ , c ₂ : weighting factors,
rand (): [0, 1] uniform random number,

The above PSO algorithm is summarized as follows.
In STEP-1, an initial solution is randomly created for each agent within a range satisfying the initial solution creation constraint.
In STEP-2 (search point evaluation), an objective function value at the current position is calculated and evaluated. Compared with the current pbest, if the evaluation value is good, the search point is newly set as pbest. If a pbest having a higher evaluation value than the current gbest is found, the search point is set as gbest.
In STEP-3 (search point update), the position and speed of each agent are updated according to equation (6).
In STEP-4 (determination of search end), the search ends when the search is repeated up to the set number of iterations, and gbest at that time is set as the optimum solution.

  In this way, the optimization calculation means 3 inputs the predicted value of the heat demand required for the heat pump hot water supply system 200, and the heat pump characteristics corrected by the heat source equipment characteristic modeling means 21, the hot water supply equipment characteristics, and the transport equipment. An equipment characteristic model including characteristics is input, and an operation schedule is generated by applying a predetermined optimization method for the input predicted value of heat demand and the equipment characteristic model.

(Schedule evaluation means 4)
The schedule evaluation means 4 is a hot water supply based on the detection signal of each sensor provided in the equipment of the heat pump hot water supply system 200 that is operated based on the operation schedule that has already been created (the operation schedule of the day that has already been created on the previous day). Calculates the difference between the equipment's hot water temperature, outside air temperature, return hot water temperature information, etc. and the corresponding predicted values (hot water equipment hot water temperature, return hot water temperature, etc.) obtained from the outside air temperature and operation schedule used to create the operation schedule To do. That is, the schedule evaluation means 4 inputs a detection signal corresponding to the detected temperature from each temperature sensor of a plurality of temperature sensors that detect the temperature of a predetermined location of the heat pump hot water supply system 200 in operation by the equipment control means 6, Based on the detection signal input from each temperature sensor, it is evaluated whether or not the operation schedule generated by the optimization calculation means 3 is valid.

(Schedule correction means 5)
The schedule correction means 5 corrects the driving schedule when the difference between the result obtained by the schedule evaluation means 4 and the predicted value obtained from the driving schedule exceeds a predetermined threshold. For example, when the tank temperature is lower than the predicted value obtained by the operation schedule, the operation signal of the heat pump 71 is increased by one level from the current state.

(Equipment control means 6)
The equipment control means 6 controls the heat pump hot water supply system 200 based on the operation schedule obtained by the optimization calculation means 3 or the operation schedule corrected by the schedule correction means. As shown in FIG. 1, the facility control means 6 controls the heat pump hot water supply system 200 via a control device 210 provided in the heat pump hot water supply system 200. Alternatively, the heat pump hot water supply system 200 may not have the control device 210, and the facility control means 6 may directly control the heat pump hot water supply system 200. This is implementation dependent.

  By adopting such a configuration, as described with respect to the frost formation amount estimation means 21a and the heat source efficiency correction means 21b, the efficiency change due to frost formation on the heat exchanger (evaporator) is modeled. It is possible to operate the heat pump hot water supply system 200 that satisfies the above and has the least power consumption including the defrosting operation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In order to model the heat source characteristics in more detail, the facility characteristic modeling means 2 may add the refrigerant temperature inside the heat pump as a parameter.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the operation control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment. The heat source facility characteristic modeling unit 21 of the operation control apparatus 102 further includes a refrigerant circuit modeling unit 201 and a refrigerant temperature correction unit 202.

FIG. 5 shows a refrigerant circuit inside the heat pump 71. In the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant is
Compressed to a pressure exceeding the critical pressure by the compressor 71d,
Cooled by the heat radiator 71a, the temperature gradually decreases and transitions from the supercritical state to the liquid state,
The pressure is reduced by the expansion valve 71b,
It evaporates by the evaporator 71c, becomes a gas, and is again sucked into the compressor 71d.

  The refrigerant circuit modeling means 201 models the temperature change of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle using the compressor pressure, the outside air temperature, the heat exchange characteristics of the radiator 71a and the evaporator 71c, etc., and heat exchange between the heat pump return hot water temperature and the refrigerant. Is simulated in detail. That is, the refrigerant circuit modeling means 201 models the temperature change of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle executed by the heat pump 71, and reflects the modeled refrigerant temperature in the heat pump characteristics.

  At this time, in order to simulate the change in the refrigerant temperature due to frost formation, the refrigerant temperature correction unit 202 may correct the refrigerant temperature using the frost formation amount data obtained from the frost formation amount estimation unit 21a. In other words, the refrigerant temperature correction unit 202 corrects the temperature change of the refrigerant modeled by the refrigerant circuit modeling unit 201 based on the frost formation amount calculated by the frost formation amount estimation unit 21a, and the corrected refrigerant temperature change. Is reflected in the heat pump characteristics.

  Since the operation control apparatus 102 includes the refrigerant circuit modeling unit 201 and the refrigerant temperature correction unit 202, the power consumption amount that satisfies the heat demand and considers the defrosting operation is the smallest as in the first embodiment. An operation schedule capable of operation can be generated, and the efficiency and refrigerant state of the equipment inside the heat pump can be accurately grasped, so that an optimal operation schedule including the efficiency change of the heat pump 71 due to the change of the refrigerant state can be generated.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, the case where the heat source facility has an alternative heat source such as a boiler in addition to the heat pump 71 will be described. The operation control device of the third embodiment has the same configuration as the operation control device 101 of the first embodiment.

  In the time zone when the outside air temperature is low and the heat demand is high, if the power consumption of the heat pump hot water supply system 200 exceeds a predetermined power, the supply of power may be forcibly stopped. In preparation for such a situation, the heat pump hot water supply system 200 may include a boiler or the like as an alternative heat source in addition to the heat pump 71. In order to create an optimal operation schedule with this configuration, an operation stop condition of an alternative heat source other than the heat pump is added to the optimization calculation means 3 as a constraint equation. That is, the use start condition when an alternative heat source other than the heat pump is used is added to the optimization calculation means 3 as a constraint equation.

  By adopting such a configuration, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to perform an operation that satisfies the heat demand and consumes the least amount of power in consideration of the defrosting operation, and until the forced heat pump 71 is stopped. The optimal operation of the equipment including it becomes possible.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
The operation control apparatus 104 of Embodiment 4 is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 6, FIG. Embodiment 4 is an embodiment that generates an operation schedule in consideration of a solar water heater when the heat pump hot water supply system 200 includes a solar water heater. A solar water heater may be added to the heat pump hot water supply system 200 as a heat source. On a clear day, the amount of heat supplied from the solar water heater may increase, and the operating time of the heat pump 71 may be shortened.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the operation control device 104. The heat source facility characteristic modeling means 21 of the operation control apparatus 101 further includes a solar water heater modeling means 401.

  FIG. 7 shows a heat pump hot water supply system 200 to which a solar water heater 802 is added.

  In order to create an optimal equipment operation schedule with the configuration of FIG. 7, the heat source equipment characteristic modeling means 21 models solar water heater modeling that models the relationship between the incoming and outgoing hot water temperature / flow rate of the solar water heater 802 and the amount of solar radiation. Means 401 are provided. The amount of solar radiation may be acquired as weather data from an external system, or may be estimated from outside temperature or date. In addition, the operation state of the pump 801 that supplies water to the solar water heater 802 is added to the optimization calculation means 3 as a control variable. As a constraint, the characteristics of the solar water heater 802 are added.

  By adopting such a configuration, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to generate an operation schedule that satisfies the heat demand and consumes the least amount of power in consideration of the defrosting operation, and from the solar water heater 802 It is possible to generate an optimal operation schedule for the equipment including the amount of heat supplied.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. The fifth embodiment relates to aging degradation of equipment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the operation control device 105. The equipment characteristic modeling means 2 of the operation control apparatus 101 further includes equipment deterioration correcting means 501.

  Over the years, the capacity of the facility will decline from the capacity at the time of introduction, such as heat exchanger fouling and reduced thermal insulation of the residence. As a result, more energy may be consumed than the result (operation schedule) obtained as the optimal solution. Therefore, the equipment deterioration correction means 501 of the equipment characteristic modeling means 2 reflects the performance deterioration due to the passage of years of use by multiplying the characteristic data of each piece of equipment by a correction coefficient considering the years of use.

  By adopting such a configuration, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to perform an operation that satisfies the heat demand and consumes the least amount of power in consideration of the defrosting operation, and updates the facility data over the years of use. It is possible to obtain the specifications of the equipment that meets the actual situation without causing any problems.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
Embodiment 6 demonstrates an example of the hardware constitutions of the operation control apparatus of Embodiment 1-5.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of hardware resources of an operation control apparatus realized by a computer. In FIG. 9, the operation control apparatus includes a CPU 810 that executes a program. The CPU 810 is connected to a ROM (Read Only Memory) 811, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 812, a display device 813, operation keys 814, an interface board 816, and a flash memory 820 via a bus 825, and controls these hardware devices. To do. Instead of the flash memory 820, a magnetic disk device may be used.

  The RAM 812 is an example of a volatile memory. Storage media such as the ROM 811 and the flash memory 820 are examples of nonvolatile memories. These are examples of a storage device or a storage unit, a storage unit, and a buffer. The interface board 816, the operation keys 814, and the like are examples of an input unit and an input device. The interface board 816, the display device 813, and the like are examples of an output unit and an output device.

  The interface board 816 is connected to each temperature sensor, the control device 210, or the Internet.

  The magnetic disk device 820 stores an operating system 821 (OS), a program group 823, and a file group 824. The programs in the program group 823 are executed by the CPU 810 and the operating system 821.

  The program group 823 stores programs that execute the functions described as “˜means” in the description of the embodiment described above. The program is read and executed by the CPU 810.

  The file group 824 includes information described as “˜model” in the description of the embodiment described above, “determination result”, “calculation result”, “extraction result”, “˜ The information described as “generation results” and “processing results of”, data, signal values, variable values, parameters, and the like are stored as items of “˜file” and “˜database”. The “˜file” and “˜database” are stored in a recording medium such as a disk or a memory. Information, data, signal values, variable values, and parameters stored in a storage medium such as a disk or memory are read out to the main memory or cache memory by the CPU 810 via a read / write circuit, and extracted, searched, referenced, compared, and calculated. • Used for CPU operations such as calculation, processing, output, and display. Information, data, signal values, variable values, and parameters are temporarily stored in the main memory, cache memory, and buffer memory during the CPU operation of extraction, search, reference, comparison, calculation, calculation, processing, output, and display. Is done.

  Further, in the description of the embodiment described above, what has been described as “to means” may be “to part”, “to circuit”, “to device”, and “to step”, It may be “˜procedure” or “˜processing”. That is, what has been described as “to means” may be realized by firmware stored in the ROM 811. Alternatively, it may be implemented only by software, or only by hardware such as elements, devices, substrates, and wirings, by a combination of software and hardware, or by a combination of firmware. The program is read by the CPU 810 and executed by the CPU 810. That is, the program causes the computer to function as the “means” described above. Alternatively, the computer executes the procedure and method of “means” described above.

  In the above first to fifth embodiments, the operation control device has been described. However, it is also possible to grasp the operation of the operation control device as a method performed by the operation control device. It is also possible to grasp the operation of the operation control device as a program that causes a computer to execute the operation. It can also be understood as a computer-readable recording medium that records this program.

  1 heat demand prediction means, 2 equipment characteristic modeling means, 3 optimization calculation means, 4 schedule evaluation means, 5 schedule correction means, 6 equipment control means, 11 heat demand prediction value, 21 heat source equipment characteristic modeling means, 21a arrival Frost amount estimation means, 21b Heat source efficiency correction means, 22 Hot water supply equipment characteristic modeling means, 23 Heating equipment characteristic modeling means, 24 Transport equipment characteristic modeling means, 71 Heat pump, 71a Radiator, 71b Expansion valve, 71c Evaporator, 71d Compressor, 71e Refrigerant temperature sensor, 71f Refrigerant pressure sensor, 72 Auxiliary heat source, 73 Electric valve, 74 Piping, 75 Pump, 76 Hot water tank, 78 Floor heating, 79 Indoor temperature sensor, 80 Tank internal temperature sensor, 81 Hot water temperature Sensor, 82 Return hot water temperature sensor, 83 Outside air temperature sensor, 101, 102 104, 105 operation control device, 200 a heat pump type hot-water supply system, 201 refrigerant circuit modeling means, 202 coolant temperature correction unit, 401 solar water heaters modeling means, 501 equipment deterioration correction means.

Claims (12)

In the operation control information generating device for generating operation control information for controlling the operation of the heat pump hot water supply system that supplies hot water using a heat pump that is a heat source including a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, and an evaporator,
The heat source equipment characteristic modeling means possessing the characteristics of the heat pump, the frost formation amount estimating means for calculating the frost formation amount indicating the amount of frost attached to the evaporator according to a predetermined procedure, and the frost formation amount Heat source facility characteristic modeling means having heat source efficiency correction means for correcting the characteristics of the heat pump based on the frost formation amount calculated by the estimation means;
While inputting the predicted value of the heat demand required for the heat pump hot water supply system, the characteristics of the heat pump corrected by the heat source equipment characteristic modeling means, the characteristics of the hot water supply equipment of the heat pump hot water supply system, and the heat pump The heat pump hot water supply by inputting a facility characteristic model including the characteristics of the transport facility of the hot water supply system and applying a predetermined optimization method for the input predicted value of the heat demand and the facility characteristic model An operation control information generating apparatus comprising: an optimization calculation unit that generates a system operation schedule as the operation control information. The operation control information generating device further includes:
A heat demand prediction means for calculating a predicted value of the heat demand based on predetermined weather data and a past actual value of the heat demand, and outputting the calculated predicted value of the heat demand to the optimization calculation means; The operation control information generating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The operation control information generating device further includes:
The operation control information generation according to claim 1, further comprising equipment control means for controlling the operation of the heat pump hot water supply system according to the operation schedule generated by the optimization calculation means. apparatus. The operation control information generating device further includes:
The detection signal corresponding to the detected temperature is input from each temperature sensor of a plurality of temperature sensors that detect the temperature of a predetermined location of the heat pump hot water supply system in operation by the facility control means, and the detection input from each temperature sensor Schedule evaluation means for evaluating whether the operation schedule generated by the optimization calculation means is valid based on a signal;
When it is evaluated as invalid by the schedule evaluation unit, the schedule evaluation unit includes a schedule correction unit that corrects the operation schedule according to an evaluation result by the schedule evaluation unit,
The facility control means includes
4. The operation control information generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the operation schedule is corrected by the schedule correction means, the operation of the heat pump hot water supply system is controlled according to the corrected operation schedule. The heat source facility characteristic modeling means further comprises:
The refrigerant circuit modeling means which models the temperature change of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle executed by the heat pump and reflects the modeled temperature of the refrigerant in the characteristics of the heat pump is provided. 4. The operation control information generation device according to any one of 4 above. The heat source facility characteristic modeling means further comprises:
The refrigerant temperature change modeled by the refrigerant circuit modeling means is corrected based on the frost formation amount calculated by the frost formation amount estimation means, and the corrected temperature change of the refrigerant is the characteristic of the heat pump. The operation control information generating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a refrigerant temperature correcting unit that reflects the above. The heat source facility characteristic modeling means includes:
Modeling the characteristics of the alternative heat source device when the heat pump hot water supply system includes an alternative heat source device that is a heat source switchable with the heat pump,
The optimization calculation means includes:
The operation control information generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the optimization method is applied with a condition that the alternative heat source is used in the heat pump hot water supply system as a constraint equation. The heat source facility characteristic modeling means further comprises:
Solar water heater modeling means for modeling the characteristics of the solar water heater when the heat pump hot water supply system includes a solar water heater that generates solar water using hot water as a heat source together with the heat pump;
The optimization calculation means includes:
The operation control information generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the optimization method is applied with a condition that the solar water heater is used in the heat pump hot water supply system as a constraint equation. The operation control information generating device further includes:
The operation control information generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an equipment deterioration correction unit that reflects aged deterioration of characteristics due to the passage of years of use with respect to the equipment characteristic model. In the operation control information generating device which is a computer that generates operation control information for controlling the operation of the heat pump type hot water supply system that supplies hot water using a heat pump that is a heat source including a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, and an evaporator,
(1) Frost amount estimation processing for calculating a frost amount indicating the amount of frost adhering to the evaporator according to a predetermined procedure;
(2) Heat source efficiency correction processing for correcting the characteristics of the heat pump stored in advance based on the frost amount calculated by the frost amount estimation processing,
(3) While inputting the predicted value of the heat demand required for the heat pump hot water supply system, the corrected characteristics of the heat pump, the characteristics of the hot water supply equipment of the heat pump hot water supply system, and the conveyance of the heat pump hot water supply system An equipment characteristic model including equipment characteristics is input, and a predetermined optimization method is applied to the input predicted value of the heat demand and the equipment characteristic model, thereby setting an operation schedule of the heat pump hot water supply system. Optimization calculation processing to be generated as the operation control information,
Operation control information generation program for executing   A computer-readable recording medium on which the operation control information generating program according to claim 10 is recorded. Operation control information generation performed by an operation control information generation device that generates operation control information for controlling operation of a heat pump hot water supply system that supplies hot water using a heat pump that is a heat source including a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, and an evaporator In the method
(1) The frost formation amount estimation means calculates a frost formation amount indicating the amount of frost attached to the evaporator according to a predetermined procedure,
(2) The heat source efficiency correction unit corrects the characteristics of the heat pump stored in advance based on the frost formation amount calculated by the frost formation amount estimation unit,
(3) The optimization calculation means inputs the predicted value of the heat demand required for the heat pump hot water supply system, the corrected characteristics of the heat pump, the characteristics of the hot water supply equipment of the heat pump hot water supply system, By inputting a facility characteristic model including the characteristics of the transfer facility of the heat pump hot water supply system, and applying the predetermined optimization method for the input predicted value of the heat demand and the facility characteristic model, the heat pump type An operation control information generation method for generating an operation schedule of a hot water supply system as the operation control information.