JP2010117542A - Beam scanning-type display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: in a display device such as a HMD (head-mounted display), aberrations are increased when the incident position of a scanning beam on a deflection means is near a scanning means, consequently, the resolution is reduced. <P>SOLUTION: The deflection means is inclined as a whole so that a distance between the beam incident position on the deflection means and the scanning means in a horizontal direction may be equal to or more than a fixed value, accordingly, the influence of the aberrations is suppressed, and deterioration in image resolution is prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device such as an HMD (head mounted display).

  Conventionally, in a display device such as an HMD (head-mounted display), there is a method (hereinafter referred to as a laser scanning method) in which laser light is two-dimensionally scanned and directly drawn on the retina of the eye. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Laser scanning display devices include a retinal scanning display, a retinal irradiation display, a direct retina display, a laser scanning display, a direct-view display device, an RSD (Retina Scanning Display), and a VRD (Virtual Retina Display). ), Etc.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an eyeglass-type HMD structure (for example, Patent Document 1). In FIG. 1, laser sources 101 and 110 for emitting laser light to a spectacle frame, wavefront changing means 102 and 109 for controlling the wavefront of the laser light, and scanning means 103 and 108 for scanning the laser light in a two-dimensional direction are mounted. Yes. The laser light is projected toward the spectacle lens by the scanning means, reflected by the deflecting means 104 and 107 provided on the surface of the spectacle lens, is incident on the user's eye, and forms an image on the retina. Here, a half mirror, a hologram optical element (HOE), or the like is used for the deflecting means 104 and 107, and the user can view both the outside scenery and the image drawn by the laser at the same time. . For the scanning means 103 and 108, a mirror device that scans laser light in a two-dimensional direction by vibrating a single single-plate mirror in a uniaxial or biaxial direction is used.
JP 10-301055 A

However, in a laser scanning type display device, when a beam is projected obliquely from the scanning unit to the deflecting unit, there arises a problem that the resolution deteriorates.

  Since the deflecting means 104 and 107 as shown in FIG. 1 are composed of optical components such as a hologram optical element and a prism, the beam incident on the deflecting means is affected by aberration when emitted from the deflecting means. . In order to realize a high resolution in a laser scanning type display device, it is necessary to suppress the influence of the aberration given to the beam by the deflecting means and to reduce the beam spot diameter on the retina. However, when the incident angle at which the beam from the scanning unit is incident on the deflecting unit is large, the aberration (particularly astigmatism) that the beam receives from the deflecting unit increases, and it becomes difficult to reduce the beam spot diameter on the retina. . In particular, when the scanning unit projects a beam from an oblique direction with respect to the deflecting unit as in the eyeglass-type HMD in FIG. Increases and the resolution deteriorates. For this reason, in the eyeglass-type HMD as shown in FIG. 1, pixels with a long distance in the horizontal direction between the scanning means and the deflecting means (pixels in the visual field center or near the nose) have high resolution, but the scanning means and the deflecting means. In the case of a field element with a short distance (pixels in the visual field closer to the ear side), the resolution is low. This example will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the scanning means 103 and the deflecting means 104 when the eyeglass-type HMD of FIG. 1 is viewed from the side. In FIG. 4, the horizontal distance between the scanning unit 103 and the deflecting unit 104 is D. This distance D is the distance in the horizontal direction until the beam scanned by the scanning unit 103 enters the deflecting unit 104, and varies depending on the scanning state of the scanning unit 103. This point will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram when the scanning unit 103 scans the beam in the horizontal direction. The incident position of the beam on the deflecting unit 104 is the farthest point from the nearest point 301 (ear side) according to the operation of the scanning unit 103. It changes in the range up to 303 (nose side). The horizontal distance D in FIG. 4 becomes the smallest when the beam enters the nearest point 301 and becomes the largest when the beam enters the farthest point 303.

  The incident angle α in the vertical direction when the beam from the scanning unit enters the deflecting unit increases as the horizontal distance D decreases, as is apparent from FIG. Therefore, the vertical incidence angle α is larger when the beam is incident on the nearest point 301 side (ear side) of the deflecting means than when it is incident on the farthest point 303 side (nose side). When the incident angle α in the vertical direction when the scanning beam enters the deflecting unit increases, the cross-sectional shape of the beam is stretched obliquely on the deflecting unit when entering the deflecting unit. As a result, the astigmatism of the beam becomes large, which causes the resolution of the beam scanning display device to deteriorate.

  As described above, in the beam scanning display device in which the scanning unit makes the beam incident on the deflecting unit obliquely, the influence of the aberration is increased as the beam incident position on the deflecting unit is closer to the horizontal direction of the scanning unit. There arises a problem that the resolution increases as the size increases. Patent Document 1 does not consider such a problem.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. In the beam scanning display device, the beam incident position on the deflecting means and the horizontal distance between the scanning means are not less than a certain value regardless of the operation state of the scanning means. The purpose is to suppress the influence of aberration and prevent the resolution of the image from deteriorating by tilting the entire deflection means.

  In order to solve the conventional problems, a beam scanning display device according to the present invention includes a light source that outputs a beam, a wavefront shape changing unit that changes a wavefront shape of the beam from the light source, and the wavefront shape changing unit. Scanning means for scanning the beam, deflection means for changing the beam scanned by the scanning means in a direction toward the user's eye, holding means for holding the deflection means, and a line of sight when the user looks at the front And a movable part that changes the inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to a reference surface that is a vertical surface.

  With this configuration, it is possible to reduce aberration caused by the deflection unit and display a good image to the user.

  The movable part of the present invention is characterized in that the inclination of the deflecting means is changed so that the horizontal component of the angular displacement with respect to the reference plane is larger than the vertical component.

  With this configuration, it is possible to move a scanning region having a small horizontal distance from the scanning unit away from the scanning unit, thereby reducing aberrations and displaying a good image to the user.

  The deflecting means of the present invention is characterized by holding at least two condensing points of the deflected beam.

  With this configuration, the scanning beam can be delivered to the user's pupil even when the deflecting means is tilted.

  In the beam scanning display device of the present invention, when a certain condensing point is located in the user's pupil and another condensing point is located in the user's pupil with respect to the condensing point held by the deflecting means. And the inclination of the deflecting means with respect to the reference plane is different.

  With this configuration, it is possible to present an image to the user regardless of the state of the deflection unit.

  The beam scanning display device of the present invention is characterized in that the larger the inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane, the larger the image display range.

  With this configuration, it is possible to avoid using a pixel having a large aberration, and to avoid presenting a low-quality image to the user.

  In the beam scanning display device of the present invention, the scanning unit changes the scanning range when the display range of the image is changed.

  With this configuration, it is possible to appropriately change the image display range by controlling the scanning unit.

  In the beam scanning display device of the present invention, when the tilt of the deflecting unit is small with respect to the reference plane, the point of sight when the user looks at the front intersects the deflecting unit and the horizontal of the scanning unit. The display position of the image is set such that the distance in the horizontal direction between the center of the image to be displayed and the scanning unit is larger than the distance in the direction.

  With this configuration, it is possible to avoid using a pixel having a large aberration, and to avoid presenting a low-quality image to the user.

  The beam scanning display device according to the present invention further includes motion detection means for detecting at least one of a user's body position, acceleration, inclination, heart rate, and respiratory rate as a motion numerical value, and the detection result of the motion detection means. Accordingly, the movable portion changes an inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane.

  With this configuration, it is possible to appropriately change the shape of the display device in accordance with the movement of the user.

  In the beam scanning display device of the present invention, when at least one of the numerical value of the operation value or the change amount of the operation value per unit time exceeds a certain value, the movable part is It is characterized in that the inclination of the deflecting means is reduced.

  With this configuration, when it is necessary to pay attention to the outside world, it is possible to prevent a situation such as an eyeglass lens from being tilted and to perform a process that does not prevent the user from recognizing the outside world.

  With this configuration, even when the pupil position of the user moves, the scanning beam can be delivered to the pupil and an image can be displayed.

  In the beam scanning display device of the present invention, a shielding portion is provided between the holding unit and the deflecting unit, and the holding unit and the deflecting unit are provided even when the deflecting unit is inclined with respect to the holding unit. It is characterized by preventing a gap from being generated between the two.

  With this configuration, it is possible to prevent external light, dust, or the like from entering the display device and causing discomfort to the user.

  By tilting the entire deflecting unit so that the distance in the horizontal direction between the beam incident position on the deflecting unit and the scanning unit becomes a certain value or more, the influence of aberration can be suppressed and deterioration of the resolution of the image can be prevented.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram (a plan view and a side view) of a glasses-type HMD (head-mounted display) in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a part of FIG.

  In the configuration diagrams of FIGS. 1 and 2, each component and its relationship are described.

  The light sources 101 and 110 output beams. As shown in FIG. 2, the output beam is a laser beam obtained by combining the laser beams output from the red laser light source 211, the blue laser light source 212, and the green laser light source 213, and the output from each color laser light source is appropriately set. By modulating, laser light of any color can be output. Furthermore, an image can be displayed on the retina of the user's eye by performing modulation in conjunction with wavefront shape changing means and scanning means described later.

  In FIG. 2, 211 is a red semiconductor laser light source, 212 is a blue semiconductor laser light source, 213 is an infrared semiconductor laser light source, and SHG (Second Harmonic Generation: Second Harmonic Generation) that converts infrared light into green. ) Although shown as a combination of elements, 213 may be a green semiconductor laser light source, or each light source may be a solid laser, liquid laser, gas laser, or light emitting diode.

  In FIG. 2, the laser light is modulated by each laser light source, but the means for modulating the light output from the laser light source may be used in combination with the laser light source to modulate the laser light.

  The light sources 101 and 110 may include the light detection means 214 in FIG. The light detection means can detect the user's line-of-sight direction by detecting the intensity of the reflected light from the cornea of the user's eye. Most of the beams deflected in the direction of the eye by the deflecting means are incident on the corneal surface obliquely, but the beam from the front with respect to the eyeball is incident perpendicular to the corneal surface. Since the reflectance is relatively high, the line-of-sight direction can be detected by detecting the intensity of the reflected light.

  The wavefront shape changing means 102 and 109 change the wavefront shapes of the beams from the light sources 101 and 110, respectively, so that the spot sizes of the beams deflected by the deflecting means 104 and 107 described later are within a predetermined range. To do.

  The “spot size” of the beam will be described below as a spot size on the retina of the user's eye, but may be a spot size on the pupil, a spot size on the cornea, or a spot size on the deflecting means. The spot size on the retina is the same as the pixel size to be displayed.

  The “wavefront shape” is a three-dimensional shape of a beam wavefront, and includes flat, spherical, and aspherical shapes.

  In FIG. 2, a condensing point distance horizontal component changing unit 201 and a condensing point distance vertical component changing unit 202 are arranged in series in the optical path, whereby the wavefront shape has a horizontal curvature and a vertical direction. The curvature can be changed independently. Reference numeral 201 denotes a horizontal cylindrical lens, and 202 denotes a vertical cylindrical lens, which respectively changes the curvature in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by being driven by simple vibrations, thereby changing the beam waist in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the scanning beam. Change the position.

  The wavefront shape changing means in FIG. 2 uses a cylindrical lens to change the wavefront shape. However, as another means, a combination of a cylindrical lens and a mirror is used, and the mirror is driven by a single vibration to thereby generate a beam of the scanning beam. A method of changing the waist position may be used (FIG. 9). In this case, by configuring the mirror as a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) mirror, it is possible to drive at higher speed.

  A diffractive optical element may be used instead of the cylindrical lens. In this case, since the optical element is thin and light, it is possible to drive at higher speed.

  Further, a method of changing the beam waist position of the scanning beam by using a liquid crystal lens, a deformable lens such as a liquid lens, an EO element (electro-optical conversion element), or the like may be used. In this case, it is not necessary to directly move the position of the lens or mirror, so that high-speed control is possible and the display device does not generate extra vibration.

  Scanning means 103 and 108 two-dimensionally scan the beams from the wavefront shape changing means 102 and 109, respectively. The scanning means is a single-plate small mirror that can change the angle two-dimensionally, and is a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) micromirror.

  The scanning unit may be realized by a combination of two or more types of scanning units, such as for horizontal scanning and vertical scanning.

  The scanning means is not limited to a method of physically tilting the mirror, but a method of moving a lens or rotating a diffraction element, a liquid crystal lens, a deformable lens, an AO element (acoustooptic element), an EO element ( A method using a deflection element such as an electro-optical conversion element) may also be used.

  The deflecting units 104 and 107 change the directions of the beams scanned by the scanning units 103 and 108, respectively, toward the user's eyes. In the deflecting means 104 and 107, for example, a photopolymer layer is formed on the inner side (eye side) of the spectacle lens, a Lippmann volume hologram is formed on the photopolymer layer, and the beam from the scanning means is transmitted to the user's eye. It is made to be diffracted and focused on the pupil. The photopolymer layer may be formed with multiple holograms reflecting red, green, and blue light from each light source, or three layers of holograms corresponding to each color light may be laminated. Good. In addition, by using the wavelength selectivity of the hologram, only light of the light source wavelength is diffracted, and light of wavelengths other than the light source wavelength that occupies most of the light from the outside world is not affected by diffraction, It can be a transmissive display.

  The deflection means is not limited to deflection by a diffraction element such as a hologram, and may be a mirror such as a concave mirror or a lens such as a convex lens. In this case, it is easier to manufacture the deflection means than when a hologram is used as the deflection means.

  The holding means 113 is a frame part of the glasses-type HMD, and holds the eyeglass lenses and the deflection means 104 and 107.

  The control means 105 and 111 include an integrated circuit that controls each part of the HMD. The outputs of the lasers and the operations of the wavefront shape changing means and the scanning means are performed by the control means 105 and 111.

  The control means 105 and 108 include means for determining the contents to be displayed to the user.

  FIG. 9 shows a functional block diagram of the control means 105 and 111 in the present embodiment. Details of each functional block will be described later.

  The control means 105 and 111 may include communication means for receiving a video / audio signal by wireless connection with a peripheral device such as a mobile phone. Further, the control means 105, 111 may be provided with a memory storing an image to be presented to the user, or an image to be presented to the user may be acquired from an external device wirelessly.

  The control means 105 and 111 may be one, and the control means 105 or 111 may control the operations of the laser light source, the wavefront shape changing means, the scanning means, and the headphones corresponding to the left and right eyes. In this case, since only one control means is required, the cost can be reduced and the display device can be reduced in weight.

  The headphone units 106 and 112 include speakers and output sound.

  The headphone unit may include a battery that supplies power to each unit of the HMD.

  In addition, each means and each part in FIG. 1 may be incorporated in one HMD, or may not be incorporated. For example, all the components in FIG. 1 may be included in one HMD, or the headphone unit may not be provided. Moreover, each part may be distributed. For example, the control means may be partly included in the scanning means and the wavefront shape changing means. 1 may be shared by a plurality of devices. For example, the laser light source may be shared by two HMDs.

  Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, an example in which the influence of aberration is suppressed by tilting the entire deflecting unit so that the beam incident position on the deflecting unit and the distance in the horizontal direction of the scanning unit are equal to or larger than a certain value will be described. For the sake of simplicity, only the display on the left eye of the user will be described in the HMD, but the same processing is performed for the right eye.

  Further, in the present embodiment, for simplicity, the holding means that is a glasses frame that holds the deflection means is used as a reference plane that is a plane perpendicular to the line of sight when the user looks at the front. It may be inclined with respect to, or may not be flat.

  In this embodiment, the display device has a “normal shape” in which the deflection unit 104 does not have a horizontal inclination with respect to the holding unit 113, and a “projection” in which the deflection unit 104 has a horizontal inclination with respect to the holding unit 113. It takes two shapes: “shape”. FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of a normal shape, and FIG. 5 shows a configuration diagram of a protruding shape. As shown in FIG. 5, in the protruding shape, a portion of the deflecting unit 104 close to the scanning unit 103 is inclined so as to protrude forward with respect to the holding unit 113. By adopting this shape, the distance between each point of the scanning region where the scanning beam is incident on the deflecting unit 104 and the scanning unit can be increased, and the amount of aberration received by the scanning beam can be reduced. Become.

  In the case where the deflecting unit 104 is integrated with the spectacle lens as in the present embodiment, the spectacle lens is inclined with respect to the holding unit 113 in the protruding shape, like the deflecting unit 104. In this case, the spectacle lens cannot perform the function of correcting the user's visual acuity. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by executing steps 1001 to 1003 shown in FIG. 10, the protruding shape is improved when the user is stationary, thereby improving the quality of the displayed image and the user walking. When taking actions such as, taking a normal shape prevents the function of the spectacle lens from being impaired. The specific processing contents in steps 1001 to 1003 are shown below.

(Step 1001) Shape Determination In this step, the shape determination unit 901 detects the operation state of the user and determines whether the display device should take the protruding shape or the normal shape.

  The operation detection unit 904 includes a sensor for detecting the user's operation, and determines the current operation state of the user according to the input from the sensor. In the present embodiment, the motion detection unit 904 includes an acceleration sensor as a sensor, detects the vertical vibration of the display device, and determines the user's situation such as stationary, walking, and running from the degree of vibration. The line-of-sight detection unit 905 detects the movement of the user's line of sight from the detection result of the light detection unit 214.

  The shape determination unit 901 determines the current user situation from the detection results of the line-of-sight detection unit 905 and the motion detection unit 904, and selects the shape to be taken by the current display device. In the present embodiment, the shape determination unit 901 holds a determination table as shown in FIG. 13, and uses this determination table to determine the shape to be taken by the display device. In the present embodiment, the protruding shape is selected when the user is stationary, and the normal shape is selected when the user is walking or running.

  Note that the shape of the display device may be changed by a method in which the user directly inputs via the user interface. In this case, the shape of the eyeglass-type HMD can be changed to the user's favorite shape regardless of the user's operation status.

  Note that the motion detection unit 904 may determine the user's situation using a sensor other than the acceleration sensor. For example, GPS may be used as a sensor to determine the user's situation from the current location of the user and the moving speed of the user position, or the user's situation may be determined from information on a sensor that detects heart rate and body temperature. Further, the user's situation may be determined by combining information from a plurality of types of sensors. In this case, it becomes possible to detect the user's situation more accurately.

  The shape determination unit 901 may determine the shape to be taken by the display device according to the result of the user's line-of-sight position by the line-of-sight detection unit 905 without using the determination table as shown in FIG. For example, the normal shape is selected when the user's line of sight faces the front, and the protruding shape is selected when the user's line of sight faces the ear side (scanning means side). In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the condensing point position of the deflecting unit 104 moves so as to follow the movement of the user's eyeball. Therefore, even if the user moves the eyeball, the scanning beam can be delivered to the inside of the pupil, and it is possible to prevent a situation where the image disappears when the user moves the eyeball.

  The motion detection unit 904 determines the shape to be taken by the display device, and then notifies the shape deflection unit 902 of the determination result.

(Step 1002) Shape Change In this step, the shape change means 902 changes the shape of the display device by deflecting the tilt of the deflection means 104 based on the determination result of the previous step.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the movable portion 501 is installed on the column portion that couples the holding portion 113 and the deflecting means 104, and the entire deflecting means 104 is horizontal by rotating the movable portion 501. Inclined in the direction, the shape of the display device is changed. When the determination result of the previous step is a normal shape, the shape changing unit 902 operates the movable unit 501 so that the inclination of the deflecting unit 104 with respect to the holding unit 114 is eliminated, and the determination result of the previous step is a protruding shape. If there is, the movable unit 501 is operated so that the deflecting unit 104 has an inclination with respect to the holding unit 114. As shown in FIG. 5, the distance in the horizontal direction between the nearest point 301 and the scanning means 103 becomes longer in the protruding shape. Therefore, the influence of astigmatism is suppressed, and the resolution of the pixel on the user's visual field ear side can be increased.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the deflecting unit 104 holds two different condensing point positions. Here, the condensing point position is a position where the scanning beam from the scanning unit 103 is condensed after being reflected from the deflecting unit 104. When the deflecting unit 104 has two condensing point positions, the deflecting unit 104 is used. The reflected light from the light is split and condensed at two condensing point positions. In the example of FIG. 7, the light from the scanning unit 103 reaches the two condensing points 701 and 702.

  In the case of displaying an image to the user, it is necessary that light collected at either the condensing point 701 or the condensing point 702 be incident on the user's pupil. In the case where neither condensing point light enters the user's pupil, the light cannot reach the user's retina, and the user cannot visually recognize the video. When the display device changes from the normal shape shown in FIG. 3 to the protruding shape shown in FIG. 5, the condensing point 701 is positioned on the ear side (scanning means 103) as the deflecting means 104 tilts with respect to the holding means 113. To the side). For this reason, the position of the condensing point 701 deviates from the position of the user's pupil, and the light collected at the condensing point 701 does not reach the user's retina, so that the user cannot visually recognize the image. In order to prevent this, another condensing point 702 of the deflecting unit 104 is set so that the scanning beam reaches the pupil position of the user when the glasses-type HMD has the protruding shape shown in FIG. Such a deflecting means 104 is realized in two ways: when the deflecting means 104 is realized by a hologram, the light from the scanning means 103 gathers at the condensing point 701 and the light from the investigation means 103 gathers at the condensing point 702. This can be realized by multiple exposure of the hologram so as to have optical performance.

  Note that the movable portion 501 may be installed at a location other than the center of the deflecting unit 104. The more the movable portion 501 is installed on the ear side, the smaller the protruding portion of the deflecting means 104 from the holding means 113 when the protruding shape is taken, so that the shape of the display device greatly deviates from the spectacle shape. Can be prevented. Further, as the movable portion 501 is installed on the nose side, the distance in the horizontal direction between the nearest point 301 and the scanning unit 103 can be increased, so that the influence of astigmatism can be further reduced.

  Further, the movable portion 501 may not be in the form of a support column, and a plurality of movable portions 501 may be prepared. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, a method may be used in which two movable parts are installed at both ends of the deflecting unit 104, and the movable part expands and contracts in the direction in which the deflecting unit protrudes to change the shape of the display device. In this case, since the deflecting unit 104 and the holding unit 113 are coupled by the two movable parts, the position of the deflecting unit can be stably held.

(Step 1003) Scanning Range Change In this step, the scanning range changing unit 903 changes the range in which the beam is incident on the deflecting unit 104 by controlling the scanning range of the scanning unit 103.

  When the display device has a normal shape in the previous step, the resolution of the beam incident on the ear side on the deflecting means 104 cannot be increased because the influence of aberration increases as described above. Therefore, the scanning range changing unit 903 limits the horizontal scanning range of the scanning unit 103 from the center point 302 to the farthest point 303 shown in FIG. As a result, the video can be displayed to the user using only the pixels of the high resolution portion.

  When the display device has a protruding shape in the previous step, a high resolution can be realized over the entire field of view, so that the scanning range changing unit 903 changes the horizontal scanning range of the scanning unit 103 from the nearest point 301. The range is extended to the farthest point 303. This makes it possible to display a wide-field image for the user.

  When changing the display range of the image, the display position and display range of the image may be changed by changing the output of the light source 101 instead of changing the scanning range of the scanning unit 103. In this case, complicated processing such as changing the scanning angle of the scanning unit 103 can be avoided.

  Note that a film-shaped shielding portion 1201 is installed between the deflecting unit 104 and the holding unit 113 so that no gap is generated between the deflecting unit 104 and the holding unit 113 when the display device has a protruding shape. Good. In this case, stray light, dust or the like can be prevented from entering through the gap between the deflecting unit 104 and the holding unit 113 and causing discomfort to the user. The shielding portion 1201 may be realized by using a rubber-like material having elasticity, or may be realized by having a shape that is folded on a bellows in a normal shape and stretched in a protruding shape. In this case, since the shield 1201 is stored between the deflecting unit 104 and the holding unit 113 in the normal shape, the display device can be downsized.

  Note that the shape of the display device is not limited to the normal shape and the protruding shape, and a plurality of protruding shapes may be prepared depending on the degree of inclination of the deflecting means 104 with respect to the holding means 113. In this case, when the viewing angle of the video to be displayed to the user is low, it is possible to prevent the shape of the display device from greatly deviating from the eyeglass shape by reducing the degree of protrusion. Further, by adjusting the degree of inclination of the deflecting unit 104 according to the movement of the user's line of sight, it is possible to prevent the condensing point of the deflecting unit from deviating from the user's pupil.

(Embodiment 2)
In the present embodiment, a method for improving the resolution by giving an inclination to the deflecting unit when realizing a HUD (Head Up Display) mounted on a vehicle or an aircraft with a beam scanning display device will be exemplified.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of a laser scanning type HUD (head-up display) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a bird's-eye view.

  A left-eye laser scanning unit 1402 and a right-eye laser scanning unit 1410 are embedded in the vehicle 1401. The laser scanning units 1402 and 1410 are attached below the windshield 1403 of the car, and are arranged inside the instrument panel in this embodiment to save space in the display device.

  The laser scanning units 1402 and 1410 may be arranged outside the instrument panel, not inside the instrument panel. In this case, it is easy to replace the laser scanning units 1402 and 1410 and change the position. In addition to the method of arranging the laser scanning units 1402 and 1410 so as to sandwich the user as shown in FIG. 16, a method of arranging both on the right side of the user as shown in FIG. In this case, since it is not necessary to arrange the scanning unit in the center of the vehicle body, it is possible to widen the space in the center of the vehicle and improve the design.

  The light scanned by the laser scanning units 1402 and 1403 is disposed in front of the windshield 1403, reflected by the deflecting means 104 and 107 held by the holding unit 113, passes through the half mirror 1404, and passes through the eyeball 1406 of the driver 1405. By reaching 1409, the video is visually recognized. In such a HUD, it is possible to see the map information and warning information displayed by the laser scanning unit 1202 while confirming the scenery of the outside world through the windshield 1203, thereby improving the safety and convenience of the driver. Become. The reflected light of the laser projected on the user's retina is reflected by the half mirror 1204 installed in front of the user's eyes and detected by the light detection means 214.

  In addition to the method of arranging the deflecting means 104 and 107 separately in front of the windshield 1403 as shown in FIG. 16, a single hologram is obtained by performing multiple exposure on one hologram as shown in FIG. You may use the method implement | achieved as a mirror. In this case, the areas 104 and 107 can be expanded, and a video with a wider viewing angle can be displayed by the user.

  Two half mirrors 1404 for the right eye and for the left eye may be prepared, or a single horizontally long half mirror may be used.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, a half mirror 1404 is installed in front of the user's eyes so that the reflected light from the user's retina is reflected by the light detection means 214. The half mirror 1404 is attached to the ceiling 1407 of the car by a support bar 1408. This structure allows spot size detection on the user's retina without forcing the device to be mounted on the user's head. Can do. The half mirror 1404 and the photodetector 214 may be installed not on the ceiling of the car but on the driver's glasses or hat. In this case, even if the driver's head moves back and forth, the possibility that the head contacts the half mirror is reduced, so that the driver's safety can be improved. In addition to the method of preparing two for the left eye and the right eye for the light detection means 214, only one light detector 214 is installed, and a method for detecting the reflected light from one of the eyes is used. Also good. In this case, since the user's line-of-sight direction can be detected without increasing the light detection 214, the cost of the beam scanning display device can be reduced.

  The left-eye laser scanning unit 1402 includes a light source 101, a wavefront shape changing unit 102, a scanning unit 103, and a control circuit 105. The left-eye laser scanning unit 1410 includes a light source 110, a wavefront shape changing unit 109, a scanning unit 108, and a control circuit 111. FIG. 17 shows an example of the structure of the light source 101, the wavefront shape changing means 102, and the deflecting means 103 in the left-eye laser scanning unit 1402 in this embodiment.

  The light source 101 in FIG. 17 includes a red laser light source 211, a blue laser light source 212, and a green laser light source 213, as in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the light detection means 214 is not included in the light source 101 and is installed on the ceiling 1407 in the vehicle as shown in FIG. By adopting this configuration, the distance between the user's retina and the light detection means 214 can be shortened, and the spot size on the retina can be easily detected.

  The wavefront shape changing unit 102 in FIG. 17 has a condensing point distance horizontal component changing unit 1701 and a condensing point distance vertical component changing unit 1702 arranged in series in the optical path, whereby the wavefront shape horizontal component is changed. The curvature in the direction and the curvature in the vertical direction can be changed independently. In the present embodiment, 1701 and 1702 change the curvature in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by changing the position of the cylindrical lens. In addition, 1701 and 1702 may change the wavefront shape by combining a cylindrical lens and a mirror and changing the position of the mirror, similarly to 201 and 202 shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment. In this case, by vibrating the mirror at high speed, the wavefront shape can be appropriately changed even when an image with a high resolution or a moving image with a high frame rate is displayed.

  The right-eye laser scanning unit 1410 has the same structure as that of 1402 and will not be described.

  The control means 105 includes an integrated circuit that controls each part of the HUD. The output of each laser and the operations of the wavefront shape changing means, the scanning means, and the photodetector are performed by the control means 105. The control means 105 also includes a function for controlling the operation of the wavefront shape changing means. In this embodiment, the light detection means 214 is arranged on the ceiling and the control circuit 105 is installed inside the instrument panel. However, the communication between the light detection means 214 and the control circuit 105 has a wired cable inside the car. May be performed by wireless communication.

  In the present embodiment, the beam scanning display apparatus of FIG. 14 executes steps 1001 to 1003 shown in FIG. 19 to change the inclination of the deflecting means 104 and 107 with respect to the holding means 113, thereby suppressing the influence of aberration. Prevent image quality degradation. The contents of the processing in steps 1001 to 1003 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  The control processing in each embodiment described above is performed by the CPU interpreting and executing predetermined program data stored in a storage device (ROM, RAM, hard disk, etc.) that can execute the processing procedure described above. Realized. In this case, the program data may be introduced into the storage device via the recording medium, or may be directly executed from the recording medium. The recording medium refers to a recording medium such as a semiconductor memory such as a ROM, a RAM, or a flash memory, a magnetic disk memory such as a flexible disk or a hard disk, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM, DVD, or BD, or a memory card such as an SD card. . The recording medium is a concept including a communication medium such as a telephone line or a conveyance path.

  The beam scanning display device according to the present invention has a movable portion that changes the inclination of the deflection means, and can be applied to uses such as a display device, a display system, a display method, and a display program.

1 is a configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a detailed configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The figure which shows the normal shape of the beam scanning type display apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. Relationship between the horizontal distance between the scanning means and the beam incident position and the incident angle The figure which shows the protrusion shape of the beam scanning type display apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the scanning range of the horizontal direction of the scanning means at the time of the normal shape in Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the condensing point position which the deflection | deviation means in Embodiment 1 of this invention has. FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram between the user's line-of-sight direction and the focusing point position of the deflecting unit in the first embodiment of the present invention Functional block diagram of control means in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Flowchart for deflecting the tilt of the deflecting means in the first embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the example of the movable part in Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the example of the shielding part in Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the example of the determination table which determines the shape of the display apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device in a second embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device in a second embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device in a second embodiment of the present invention Detailed configuration diagram of a beam scanning display device in a second embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

101 Left-eye light source 102 Left-eye wavefront shape changing means 103 Left-eye scanning means 104 Left-eye deflection means 105 Left-eye control means 106 Left-eye headphone unit 110 Right-eye light source 109 Right-eye wavefront shape changing means 108 Right-eye scanning means 107 Right-eye deflection means 111 Right-eye control means 112 Right-eye headphone unit 201 Condensing point distance horizontal component changing means 202 Condensing point distance vertical component changing means 211 Red laser light source 212 Blue laser light source 213 Green laser light source 214 Photodetection means

Claims (11)

A light source that outputs a beam;
Wavefront shape changing means for changing the wavefront shape of the beam from the light source;
Scanning means for scanning the beam from the wavefront shape changing means;
Deflecting means for changing the beam scanned by the scanning means in a direction toward the user's eyes;
Holding means for holding the deflection means;
A beam scanning display device comprising: a movable unit that changes an inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to a reference plane that is a plane perpendicular to a line of sight when a user looks at the front. The beam scanning display device according to claim 1, wherein the movable unit changes the inclination of the deflecting unit in a direction in which a horizontal component of an angular displacement with respect to a reference surface is larger than a vertical component. 3. The beam scanning display device according to claim 2, wherein the deflecting unit holds at least two condensing points of the beam. For the condensing point held by the deflection means,
When a certain condensing point is located in the user's pupil,
4. The beam scanning display device according to claim 3, wherein an inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane is different when another condensing point is located in a user's pupil. 5. The beam scanning display device according to claim 2, wherein the larger the inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane, the larger the image display range. When changing the image display range,
6. The beam scanning display apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the scanning unit changes a scanning range. When the tilt of the deflecting unit is small with respect to the reference plane,
More than the distance in the horizontal direction between the scanning means and the point where the line of sight when the user looks at the front crosses the deflection means,
5. The beam scanning display device according to claim 2, wherein a display position of the image is set so that a horizontal distance between a center of the image to be displayed and the scanning unit is increased. . Comprising a motion detection means for detecting at least one of a user's body position, acceleration, inclination, heart rate, and respiratory rate as a motion value;
3. The beam scanning display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the movable unit changes an inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane in accordance with a detection result of the operation detecting unit. When at least one of the numerical value of the operation numerical value or the change amount per unit time of the operational numerical value exceeds a certain value,
The beam scanning display device according to claim 8, wherein the movable portion reduces an inclination of the deflecting unit with respect to the reference plane. Provided with gaze detection means for detecting the gaze of the user,
The beam scanning display device according to claim 2, wherein the movable unit changes an inclination of the deflection unit with respect to the reference plane according to a detection result of the line-of-sight detection unit. Providing a shielding part between the holding means and the deflecting means;
3. The beam scanning display device according to claim 2, wherein a gap is prevented from being generated between the holding unit and the deflection unit even when the deflection unit with respect to the reference plane has a large inclination.

Images