JP2009275569A - Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device of an internal combustion engine capable of inexpensively and surely adhering and removing carbon particles. <P>SOLUTION: This exhaust emission control device is constituted of: a main body casing 1 mounted at a distal end of an exhaust pipe 8 of the internal combustion engine and constituted of an air-permeable peripheral wall part 1a and an air-nonpermeable bottom wall part 1b; blades 4 provided to be extended in a shaft direction at fixed intervals in the peripheral direction on an outer peripheral surface of the main body casing 1 to turn exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 to the inside of the main body casing 1 on an outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1; an air-permeable middle casing 6 provided on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1; a filter 3 made of a heat resistant inorganic fiber sheet to adhere and remove the carbon particles in the exhaust gas passing through the middle casing 6; and an air-permeable cover 7 removably mounted on the main body casing 1 to hold the filter 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device (exhaust cleaner) that removes carbon particles that are unburned exhaust particulates in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine.

  When climbing a steep slope or performing a rapid acceleration, exhaust particulates tend to increase during high-load operation. Exhaust particulates are made of carbon particles, making the exhaust gas turbid like black smoke and increasing the exhaust gas odor. Conventionally, as a method of collecting carbon particles contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine, a honeycomb structure using a ceramic material or a filter with a foam structure is generally fixed in a case body that is interposed in an exhaust pipe. It is being considered to install in

  Conventional filters with a honeycomb structure or foam structure have the disadvantage of high costs, and after capturing the carbon particles, as a means to remove the carbon particles captured by these filters in order to prevent functional degradation such as clogging. Heater control means that automatically burns carbon particles and turns it into ash and releases it to the atmosphere, and removes the case body and removes the filter, and it is burned and regenerated by washing with private funds etc. In both cases, the cost is high, and it takes time to remove, and it is difficult to adapt to practical use.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can adhere and remove carbon particles at low cost and in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks.

  Means for solving the above problems will be described with reference numerals in the embodiments described later. The exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 is provided at the tip of the exhaust pipe 8 of the internal combustion engine. A bottomed cylindrical main body casing 1 which is attached and comprises a breathable peripheral wall portion 1a and a non-breathable bottom wall portion 1b, and a shaft at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface side or inner peripheral surface side of the main body casing 1 Provided on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1, and blades 4 and 14 for turning the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 into the main body casing 1 on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1. An air-permeable middle casing 6, and a filter 3 made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber sheet, disposed so as to cover the middle casing 6, for adhering and removing carbon particles in the exhaust gas passing through the middle casing 6. A breathable cover 7 provided so as to be removably attached or closing the main body casing 1 so as to hold the filter 3, characterized by comprising consist.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the first aspect, the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main body casing 1 is formed in a porous shape, and the peripheral wall portion 1a is formed on the outer peripheral surface side of the porous peripheral wall portion 1a. A plurality of plate blades 4 extending over the entire length and inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion 1a are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and exhaust gases passing through the peripheral wall portion 1a from the inside of the main body casing 1 It contacts with the blade 4 and turns on the outer peripheral side of the main casing 1.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the first aspect, a plurality of ventilation slits 15 extending in the axial direction are formed in the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main body casing 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. In addition, one side edge portion of each slit 15 is bent and extended to the inside or outside of the peripheral wall portion to form the blade 14, and the exhaust gas that has passed through each ventilation slit 15 from the inside of the main body casing 1 is transmitted by the blade 14 to the main body casing. It is characterized by turning on the outer peripheral side of 1.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine according to the third aspect, the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main body casing 1 is formed in a porous shape.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the filter is made of inorganic fibers mainly composed of silica (SiO ₂ ).

  The effect of the invention by the above solution will be described with reference numerals in the embodiments described later. According to the invention according to claim 1, the exhaust gas introduced into the main body casing 1 is a breathable peripheral wall portion. By passing through 1a and swirling the outer periphery of the main body casing 1 by hitting the plate blade 4, the exhaust pressure is sufficiently lowered, and thus passing the filter 3 outside the middle casing 6 with the exhaust pressure lowered, The carbon particles in the exhaust gas are efficiently attached to the filter 3 and removed. If a certain amount of carbon particles adheres to the filter 3, it can be easily and easily replaced with a new filter 3 by removing or opening the cover 4. Moreover, since the filter 3 consists of inorganic fiber, a used thing can be discarded as it is as a general waste.

  As described in claim 2, the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main casing 1 may be formed in a porous shape. In this case, the peripheral wall portion 1a extends on the outer peripheral surface side of the peripheral wall portion 1a over the entire length of the peripheral wall portion 1a. By arranging a plurality of plate blades 4 inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the portion 1a at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, exhaust gas passing through the peripheral wall portion 1a from the inside of the main body casing 1 hits each plate blade 4 It can turn on the outer peripheral side of the main casing 1.

  As described in claim 3, a plurality of ventilation slits 15 extending in the axial direction are formed in the peripheral wall portion 1 a of the main casing 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and one side edge of each slit 15 is formed inside the peripheral wall portion. Alternatively, by forming the blade 14 by bending outward and extending, the exhaust gas that has passed through each ventilation slit 15 from the inside of the main body casing 1 can be swirled by the blade 14 on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1.

  As described in claim 4, in the case of claim 3, the peripheral wall 1a of the main casing 1 may be formed in a porous shape. That is, the ventilation slit 15 extending in the axial direction is formed in the porous peripheral wall portion 1a, and the blade 14 is formed by bending and extending one side edge of each slit 15 to the inside or outside of the peripheral wall portion. Good.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, when the filter 3 is made of inorganic fibers containing silica (SiO ₂ ) as a main component, even if the temperature of the exhaust gas is about 700 to 800 ° C., it will burn. Therefore, the carbon particles can be effectively adhered and removed.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 (a) is a sectional view of an exhaust gas purification apparatus A according to the present invention attached to an exhaust pipe 8 of a truck diesel engine. (B) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (c) is a sectional view taken along line YY of (a). The exhaust gas purifying apparatus A is attached to the tip of an exhaust pipe 8 of a diesel engine, and has a bottomed cylindrical main body casing 1 composed of a breathable peripheral wall 1a and a non-breathable bottom wall 1b, It is provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the main casing 1 so as to extend long in the axial direction at regular intervals in the peripheral direction, and is used for turning the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 into the main casing 1 on the outer peripheral side of the main casing 1. A plurality of plate blades 4, a breathable middle casing 6 provided on the outer peripheral side of these blades 4, and the exhaust gas that is disposed so as to cover the middle casing 6 and passes through the middle casing 6 A filter 3 made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber sheet for adhering and removing the carbon particles, and a breathable cover detachably attached to the main body casing so as to hold the filter 3 And 7, are constructed from.

  The main casing 1 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape with a porous peripheral wall portion 1a having a large number of air holes 2, and a non-air-permeable bottom wall portion 1b in which the air holes 2 are not formed. The end portion 1ao is fitted to the distal end portion of the exhaust pipe 8, and is fastened and fixed by the clamp 5. A split groove G (see FIG. 1 (c)) is formed in the opening end 1ao of the main casing 1, so that the clamp 5 can be effectively engaged. As shown in FIG. 2, the middle casing 6 is formed of a porous cylindrical peripheral wall body having a large number of air holes 2.

  The porous peripheral wall portion 1a of the main casing 1 extends toward the outer peripheral surface so as to cover the entire length of the peripheral wall portion 1a and is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion 1a (see FIG. 1B). In addition, a plurality of plate blades 4 are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction (see FIG. 1A), and are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 (b), the exhaust gas passing through... Strikes the inner surface of each plate blade 4 and turns on the outer peripheral side of the main casing 1.

As the filter 3 made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber, a fiber mat having a thickness of about 5 mm formed of fibers having a silica (SiO ₂ ) component of 90% or more is preferably used. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the filter 3 made of this fiber mat is configured to cover the main casing 1 in a state in which a strip plate is rolled into a double to triple cylindrical shape.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cover 7 is formed with a cylindrical peripheral wall body 11 having a large number of air holes 2 and a bolt insertion hole 12 o at the center, and the front end portion and the middle part of the cylindrical peripheral wall body 11 are formed. It consists of a dish-shaped bottom lid 12 that closes the tip of the casing 6, and the base end of the peripheral wall 11 is circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the inlet of the main casing 1 (the outer periphery of the open end 1ao of the peripheral wall 1a). With the cover body holding flange 9 provided and the front end portion of the peripheral wall body 11 closed by the bottom cover body 12, the fixing bolt 13 is inserted into the body from the bolt insertion hole 12 o at the center of the bottom cover body 12. The middle casing 6 and the peripheral wall body 11 are held by the flange 9 and screwed into a screw hole 1bo provided in the center of the bottom wall part 1b of the casing 1, and the bottom lid body 12 is held at the tip of the middle casing 6 and the peripheral wall body 11. To fix to the part There.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (c) and FIG. 2 (a), the clamp 5 is made of a metal strip 5o having a required length so that both ends 5a and 5b overlap each other. A ring (not shown) is formed on the outer surface of the one end 5a side at a constant pitch along the longitudinal direction, and the overlapping portions of both ends 5a and 5b of the band plate 5o By attaching the bracket 5d that pivotally supports the pinion 5c meshing with the rack to the other end 5b, and rotating the pinion 5c in one direction so as to pull in the one end 5a side of the band plate 5o, The band plate 5o is fastened and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 8.

  In order to attach the exhaust gas purification apparatus configured as described above to the exhaust pipe 8 of the diesel engine of the truck, as shown in FIG. 2, the open end 1ao of the peripheral wall 1a of the main casing 1 to which the blades 4 are attached. Is fitted to the distal end portion of the exhaust pipe 8 and is fastened and fixed by the clamp 5, and then the inner casing 6 is fitted so as to surround the main body casing 1, and its base end portion is fitted to the cover main body holding flange 9. The main body casing 1 is covered with the filter 3 rolled into a cylindrical shape on the inner casing 6, and the peripheral wall body 11 of the cover 7 is then fitted so as to surround the filter 3. The bottom cover 12 is fixed to the main casing 1 with the fixing bolt 13 in a state where the end portions of the peripheral wall 11 and the inner casing 6 are closed with the bottom cover 12. It may be fixed to the wall portion 1b.

  The operation of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus A thus attached to the exhaust pipe 8 of the diesel engine of the truck will be described below. Exhaust gas discharged from the engine by the operation of the diesel engine passes through the exhaust pipe 8 and its tip portion. 1 is introduced into the main body casing 1 of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus A and then hits the inner surface of each plate blade 4 through the vent holes 2 ... of the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main body casing 1, so that FIG. As shown, the filter 3 enters the filter 3 through the air holes 2 of the middle casing 6 while turning around the outer periphery of the main casing 1. The middle casing 6 supports the filter 3 and plays a role of forming a space that allows the exhaust gas to swirl between the outer peripheral surface of the main casing and the inner peripheral surface of the filter 3.

  The exhaust gas introduced into the main body casing 1 as described above passes through the ventilation holes 2... Of the peripheral wall portion 1 a and hits the plate blades 4 to turn the outer periphery of the main body casing 1 to sufficiently reduce the exhaust pressure. Thus, the carbon particles in the exhaust gas are efficiently attached to the filter 3 and removed by passing through the filter 3 outside the middle casing 6 with the exhaust pressure sufficiently lowered.

  The clean exhaust gas from which the carbon particles have been removed after passing through the filter 3 passes through the vent holes 2 of the peripheral wall 11 of the cover 7 and is directly discharged to the outside.

  If a certain amount of carbon particles adheres to the filter 3, the cover 7 is removed and replaced with a new filter 3. When the cover 7 is removed, the fixing bolt 13 that fixes the bottom lid 12 to the main body casing 1 may be removed, so that the filter 3 can be easily replaced.

The replacement time of the filter 3 may be appropriately determined depending on the operation time of the diesel engine, but it is necessary to replace the filter 3 before the filter 3 is clogged with carbon particles. Since the filter 3 is made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber, the filter 3 is not burned by high-temperature heating of the main casing 1 during use, and can be used safely. The filter 3 is made of inorganic fibers mainly composed of silica (SiO ₂ ), and can be used sufficiently even at a high temperature of about 1000 ° C.

  3A is a cross-sectional view of a state where another exhaust gas purifying apparatus B according to the present invention is attached to the exhaust pipe 8 of the diesel engine of the truck, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ZZ of FIG. It is. This exhaust gas purification device B is attached to the tip of an exhaust pipe 8 of a diesel engine, and has a bottomed cylindrical main body casing 1 comprising a breathable peripheral wall portion 1a and a non-breathable bottom wall portion 1b, The exhaust gas is provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the main casing 1 so as to extend long in the axial direction at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 into the main casing 1 is swung on the outer peripheral side of the main casing 1. A plurality of blades 14, a breathable middle casing 6 provided on the outer peripheral side of the blades 4, and the exhaust gas that is disposed so as to cover the middle casing 6 and passes through the middle casing 6 A filter 3 made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber sheet for adhering and removing the carbon particles, and a breathable cover attached to the main casing 1 so as to be openable and closable so as to hold the filter 3 And 7, are constructed from.

  A plurality of ventilation slits 15 extending in the axial direction are formed in the circumferential wall portion 1a of the main casing 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and one side edge portion of each slit 15 is bent and extended to the inside of the circumferential wall portion. The blades 14 are formed, and the exhaust gas that has passed through the ventilation slits 15 from the inside of the main body casing 1 is swirled on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1 by the respective blades 14. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), a plurality of slits 15 are formed in the peripheral wall portion 1a at intervals in the axial direction.

  The main body casing 1 is fastened and fixed by a clamp 16 with the open end 1ao of the peripheral wall 1a fitted into the tip of the exhaust pipe 8. The clamp 16 is formed with a metal strip 16o having a required length in an annular shape, and is formed with connecting pieces 16a and 16a at both ends thereof, and a screw tool 17 is interposed between the connecting pieces 16a and 16a. The annular portion 16o is tightened by tightening the screw 17 and the open end portion 1ao of the peripheral wall portion 1a is fixed to the exhaust pipe 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the middle casing 6 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape with a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 6a having a large number of air holes 2, and a non-breathable bottom wall portion 6b.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the cover 7 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall body 11 having a large number of ventilation holes 2 and a dish-shaped bottom wall body 12 that closes the tip of the peripheral wall body 11. The base end portion of the peripheral wall body 11 is fixed to the peripheral edge portion of the cover main body holding flange 9 provided around the inlet portion outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1 by welding, and is attached integrally to the main body casing 1 concentrically. Yes. One end of the bottom wall 12 is pivotally attached to the tip of the peripheral wall 11 by a hinge 18, and a projecting piece 19 protruding from the other end is screwed to the required portion of the tip of the peripheral wall 11 with a screw 20. Thus, the peripheral wall body 11 can be fixed in a closed state.

  FIG. 4 shows a method of attaching the exhaust gas purifying apparatus B having the above-described configuration to the exhaust pipe 8. The cover 7 is attached to the cover body holding flange 9 provided around the outer periphery of the inlet portion of the body casing 1. The bottom wall body 12 of the cover 7 is opened in a state where the peripheral wall body 11 is integrally held, and from this open state, the inner casing 6 is fitted into the main body casing 1, and the base end portion thereof is a cover main body holding flange. 9 and the casing 6 is covered with a cylindrically rounded filter 3, and then the bottom cover 12 of the cover 7 is closed, and the projecting piece 19 is attached to the required end of the peripheral wall 11 with a screw 20. Just screw it in.

  In the exhaust gas purification device B thus attached to the exhaust pipe 8 of the diesel engine, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine by the operation of the diesel engine passes through the exhaust pipe 8 and is exhausted from the tip thereof. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), after being introduced into the main casing 1 of B, it is guided by the blades 14 projecting inward while passing through the slits 15 in the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main casing 1. While turning around the outer periphery of the main body casing 1, the air enters the filter 3 from the vent holes 2 of the middle casing 6.

  The exhaust gas introduced into the main body casing 1 as described above passes through the slit 15 of the peripheral wall portion 1a and swirls around the outer periphery of the main body casing 1 by the plate blades 4, thereby sufficiently reducing the exhaust pressure and thus exhausting. By passing through the filter 3 outside the middle casing 6 in a state where the atmospheric pressure is lowered, the carbon particles in the exhaust gas are efficiently attached to the filter 3 and removed. The clean exhaust gas from which the carbon particles have been removed by passing through the filter 3 is discharged to the outside through the vent holes 2 of the peripheral wall body 11 of the cover 7.

  FIG. 5 shows that the blades 14 for turning the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 into the main body casing 1 on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing 1 are axially arranged at regular intervals in the peripheral direction on the outer peripheral surface side of the main body casing 1. 1 shows an exhaust gas purification device C provided so as to extend. A plurality of ventilation slits 15 extending in the axial direction are formed in the peripheral wall portion 1a of the main casing 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. One side edge portion is bent and extended to the outside of the peripheral wall portion to form the blade 14.

  Also in the case of the exhaust gas purification device C, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes through the exhaust pipe 8 and is introduced into the main body casing 1 of the exhaust gas purification device B from the front end portion thereof. While passing through the slit 15 of the peripheral wall portion 1a and being guided by the outwardly projecting blades 14 as shown in FIG. Go into 3. Thus, the exhaust gas introduced into the main body casing 1 passes through the slit 15 of the peripheral wall portion 1a and is swung around the outer periphery of the main body casing 1 by the plate blades 4 so that the exhaust pressure is sufficiently reduced in the middle casing. 6 passes through the filter 3 on the outside of the filter 6 so that the carbon particles in the exhaust gas adhere to the filter 3 efficiently and are effectively removed.

(a) is a sectional view of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the present invention attached to an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (c) is a sectional view of Y of (a). FIG. It is a partial cross section exploded view explaining the attachment state of the exhaust gas purification apparatus. (a) is sectional drawing of the state which attached the other exhaust-gas purification apparatus which concerns on this invention to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, (b) is ZZ sectional drawing of (a). It is a partial cross section exploded view explaining the attachment state of the exhaust gas purification apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows another exhaust gas purification apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

A, B, C Exhaust gas purification device 1 Main body casing 2 Vent hole 3 Filter 4 Blade 6 Middle casing 7 Cover 8 Exhaust pipe 14 of internal combustion engine Blade 15 Ventilation slit

Claims (5)

  A bottomed cylindrical main body casing, which is attached to the tip of an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine and has a breathable peripheral wall portion and a non-breathable bottom wall portion, and is arranged around the outer peripheral surface side or inner peripheral surface side of the main body casing. A vane provided to extend in the axial direction at regular intervals in the direction of the axis and to turn exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe into the main body casing on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing, and ventilation provided on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing A medium inner casing, a filter made of a heat-resistant inorganic fiber sheet, which is disposed so as to cover the inner casing, and adheres and removes carbon particles in the exhaust gas passing through the inner casing, and holds the filter An exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a breathable cover which is detachably attached to the main casing or provided to be openable and closable.   The peripheral wall portion of the main body casing is formed in a porous shape, and a plurality of plate blades extending over the entire length of the peripheral wall portion and inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion on the outer peripheral surface side of the porous peripheral wall portion in the circumferential direction 2. The exhaust gas purification of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas is disposed at regular intervals, and exhaust gas passing through the peripheral wall portion from the inside of the main body casing hits each plate blade and turns on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing. apparatus.   A plurality of ventilation slits extending in the axial direction are formed in the peripheral wall portion of the main casing at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and one side edge portion of each slit is bent and extended to the inside or outside of the peripheral wall portion. The exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas passing through each ventilation slit from inside the main body casing is swirled by the blades on the outer peripheral side of the main body casing.   The exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the peripheral wall portion of the main body casing is formed in a porous shape. The filter is silica (SiO ₂₎ exhaust gas purification system of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 comprising inorganic fibers as a main component.

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