JP2009232679A - Elastomer transducer, power generating element, and power generating element laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new elastomer transducer, which can exhibit excellent transducer performance and durability, a power generating element, and a power generating element laminate. <P>SOLUTION: A transducer material, which is made conductive at the surface of a dielectric elastomer by impregnating it with conductive fillers from the surface of the dielectric elastomer in a subcritical carbon dioxide, is covered with an insulating elastomer. Hereby, it can prevent inputted and outputted electric energy from leaking out, therefore it can prevent the drop of power generation efficiency and the drop of efficiency as an actuator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a transducer for converting electrical energy and mechanical energy into each other, and more particularly to an elastomer transducer and a power generation element using a dielectric elastomer, and a power generation element laminate.

Transducers for converting electrical energy and mechanical energy to each other include a variety of power sources (generators) such as antennas, mobile devices, engines, and artificial muscles, and actuators such as pumps and speakers. Application to the field is being studied.
Such transducers (transducers) are, for example, dielectric elastomers based on silicon rubber or acrylic rubber, as disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 and the like.
A structure in which a material to be an electrode is disposed on both sides of the layer is mainly used.

Special table 2003-505865 gazette Special table 2003-506858 Special table 2003-526213 gazette

By the way, the conventional transducers disclosed in these patent documents 1 to 3 have the following problems.
1. When this transducer is used as a power generation device, the electrode and the dielectric elastomer layer may come into contact with the external atmosphere or material, so that the output electrical energy may leak to the outside, leading to a decrease in power generation efficiency. is there.
2. In addition, when this transducer is used as an actuator, the electrode and part of the dielectric elastomer layer come into contact with the external atmosphere or material, so that the input electric energy leaks to the outside and the efficiency of the actuator is reduced. May invite.
3. Further, when a metal material such as gold is used as the electrode material, the followability to the dielectric elastomer is not sufficient, which may cause problems such as early peeling.

In addition, when a conductive elastomer or the like is used as an electrode material, it is necessary to bond the dielectric elastomer and the conductive elastomer, and the followability of the adhesive layer is not sufficient. A reduction in conversion efficiency may be observed.
Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and a purpose thereof is a novel elastomer transducer, power generation element, and power generation element that can exhibit excellent transducer performance and durability. A laminated body is provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the first invention
An elastomer transducer having a single-layer structure characterized by having a structure having electrodes on both ends of a dielectric elastomer.
In addition, the second invention,
A single-layer elastomer transducer characterized by impregnating a conductive filler from the surface of a dielectric elastomer in carbon dioxide in a subcritical state or a supercritical state and impregnating the surface layer of the dielectric elastomer with the conductive filler It is.

In addition, the third invention,
In the first or second invention, the dielectric transducer is characterized in that the dielectric constant of the dielectric elastomer is 5 or more and 60 or less.
In addition, the fourth invention is
The elastomer transducer according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the conductive filler has a volume resistivity of 10 ³ Ω · cm or less.

In addition, the fifth invention,
An elastomer transducer having a one-layer structure or a three-layer structure, wherein a transducer material including a dielectric elastomer is coated with an insulating elastomer.
In addition, the sixth invention,
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the elastomer transducer, the covering area of the insulating elastomer is 80% or more of the total surface area of the transducer material.

In addition, the seventh invention,
In the fifth or sixth invention, the elastomer transducer is characterized in that a volume specific resistance of the insulating elastomer is 10 ⁷ Ω · cm or more.
Further, the eighth invention is
In any one of the fifth to seventh inventions, the dielectric transducer has a relative dielectric constant of 1 or more and 5 or less.

In addition, the ninth invention,
The elastomer transducer according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein the maximum tensile elongation of the insulating elastomer is 200%.
The tenth aspect of the invention is
The power generating element is characterized in that electrode layers are provided above and below the dielectric elastomer layer, and an electrode layer serving as a negative electrode of the electrode layers is provided with a chargeable electrode installation material.

The eleventh invention
A pair of power generation elements according to the tenth invention are overlapped so that the electrode layers serving as the positive electrodes are in contact with each other, the electrode layers serving as the negative electrodes are electrically connected to each other with a conductive wire, and the electrodes serving as the negative electrodes A power generation element laminate comprising: a layer, and an electrode layer serving as the positive electrode, each having an electrical extraction terminal connected thereto.
In addition, the twelfth invention
A plurality of the power generation elements of the invention of the invention 10 are laminated so that the electrode layers serving as the positive electrodes are in contact with each other, the electrode layers serving as the negative electrodes are electrically connected to each other by a conductive wire, and the positive electrodes A power generating element laminate comprising: an electrode layer to be electrically connected to each other by a conductive wire; and an electrode layer to be the negative electrode, and an electrode layer to be connected to the electrode layer to be the positive electrode. It is.

In the elastomer transducer according to the present invention, since the dielectric elastomer is coated with the insulating elastomer, the input / output electric energy can be prevented from leaking to the outside. As a result, a decrease in power generation efficiency and a decrease in efficiency as an actuator can be prevented.
Further, by impregnating the dielectric elastomer with a conductive filler, excellent durability against repeated stress such as strain can be exhibited.
In addition, since the electrode layer is provided above and below the dielectric elastomer layer, and the electrode layer serving as the negative electrode of the electrode layer is provided with the chargeable electrode installation material, a power generation element having excellent power generation performance can be provided.
Furthermore, a power generation material with high output power can be provided by stacking a plurality of the power generation elements and electrically connecting the electrodes with a conductive wire.

It is a block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the elastomer transducer 100 which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the elastomer transducer 100 which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of an electric power generation amount and a durability confirmation test. It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the electric power generation element 200 which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the electric power generation material 300 which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the electric power generation material 300 which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the electric power generation material 300 which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 4th Embodiment of the electric power generation material 300 which concerns on this invention.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an elastomer transducer 100 according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, this elastomer transducer 100 has a structure in which a single-layer transducer material 30 having electrodes 20, 20 on both surfaces of a dielectric elastomer layer 10 is covered with an insulating elastomer 40.
The dielectric elastomer layer 10 is made of a known material, such as a dielectric rubber composition containing a dielectric filler in a base rubber, and the electrodes 20 and 20 contain a conductive filler in a base rubber, for example. The conductive rubber composition is made up of.

Examples of the base rubber of the dielectric rubber composition constituting the dielectric elastomer layer 10 include acrylic rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicon rubber, isopropylene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, and fluorosilicone. Rubber, fluororubber and the like are preferable, and acrylic rubber, silicon rubber, and chloroprene rubber are particularly preferable among them.
Moreover, as the dielectric filler blended in these base rubbers, high dielectric ceramic powders and organic compounds having a thiocarbonyl group are suitable.

High dielectric ceramic powders include barium titanate (BaTiO ₃ ), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titanate (PLZT), strontium titanate (SrTiO ₃ ), and lead titanate (PbTiO ₃ ). , Bismuth titanate, barium titanate and the like are suitable. Among these, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is most preferable because it has a Curie point of 200 ° C. or higher and a high relative dielectric constant. In addition, as long as it has a fixed dielectric constant and a Curie point, compounds other than these may be used.

  As the organic compound having a thiocarbonyl group, a thiourea derivative, a thioamide derivative, a thioketone derivative, a dithiocarbamic acid ester derivative, and the like are preferable. These organic compounds are appropriately selected in consideration of processing temperature, use temperature, target dielectric constant, and compatibility with the base rubber to be used. Among them, thiourea derivatives are used in air and water. It is the most suitable organic compound because it is very stable, has excellent compatibility with the base rubber and exhibits a low melting point.

  On the other hand, as the base rubber of the conductive rubber composition of the electrodes 20 and 20, for example, silicon-based, modified silicon-based, acrylic-based, polychloroprene-based, polysulfide-based, polyurethane-based, polyisobutyl-based, and the like can be used. In particular, those using acrylic, silicon, and polychloroprene are highly flexible and excellent in deformability. The conductive filler added to the base rubber is one of conductive carbon blacks, such as ketjen black or acetylene black, or graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber (CNF), carbon nanotube (CNT). A carbon material such as, or a metal material such as gold, silver, or platinum is preferable.

The elastomer transducer 100 of the present invention is obtained by coating the transducer material 30 with an insulating elastomer 40 having a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ Ω · cm or more, more preferably 10 ⁹ Ω · cm or more. . Here, when the volume resistivity is less than 10 ⁷ Ω · cm, the insulation is insufficient, and electric energy tends to leak to the outside, which is inappropriate.
Further, the covering area of the insulating elastomer 40 needs to be 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more of the total surface area of the transducer material 30. This is because if the covering area is less than 80% of the total surface area of the transducer material 30, electrical energy is likely to leak to the outside due to contact with an external atmosphere such as humidity or an external material.

The dielectric constant of the insulating elastomer 40 needs to be 1 or more and 5 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5. That is, when the relative permittivity is 5 or more, the charge generated by its own dielectric polarization interacts with the charge in the electrode, which may reduce power generation efficiency or efficiency as an actuator. .
The insulating elastomer 40 needs to have a maximum tensile elongation of 200% or more, preferably 300% or more. That is, since the elastomer transducer 100 of the present invention acts as a power generator or an actuator by the expansion / contraction action of the transducer material 30 covered with the insulating elastomer 40, the expansion / contraction action of the transducer material 30 is reduced. The insulating elastomer 40 itself needs to have sufficient stretchability so as not to hinder it.

For this reason, when the maximum tensile elongation is less than 200%, the followability of the expansion / contraction action becomes insufficient, and the action as a transducer cannot be sufficiently exhibited, which is not preferable.
Examples of the insulating elastomer 40 that satisfies all of these conditions include acrylic rubber, silicon rubber, isopropylene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and fluorine rubber.

The insulating elastomer 40 can be adhered to a part or all of the three-layer transducer material 30 using a known adhesive or the like.
These insulating elastomers 40 can be used in combination of two or more. Further, as shown in the figure, the lead wires 50 and 50 may be bonded to the electrodes 20 and 20 and then covered with the insulating elastomer 40.
In the elastomer transducer 100 having such a configuration, as will be demonstrated in a later embodiment, it is possible to prevent electrical energy input to and output from the transducer material 30 from leaking to the outside. A decrease in efficiency and a decrease in efficiency as an actuator can be reliably prevented.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the transducer material 30 covered with the insulating elastomer 40 described above.
As shown in the figure, this transducer material 30 has a structure in which the surface layer 20a, 20a impregnated with a conductive filler is integrally provided on the surface layer of the dielectric elastomer layer 10.
The dielectric elastomer layer 10 is composed of a dielectric rubber composition containing a dielectric filler in a base rubber made of a known material as described above.

On the other hand, since the surface layers 20a and 20a impregnated with the conductive filler are formed continuously from the base material constituting the dielectric elastomer layer 10, a clear interface is formed with the dielectric elastomer layer 10. It has not been done. Therefore, the surface layers 20a and 20a have a structure that is extremely difficult to peel from the dielectric elastomer layer 10.
The surface layers 20a and 20a are formed of an organic conductive filler having a volume resistivity of 10 ³ Ω · cm or less.
As such an organic conductive filler, polythiophine represented by the following chemical formula 1, polyacetylene represented by the chemical formula 2, polyaniline represented by the chemical formula 3, polypyrrole represented by the chemical formula 4, polyparaphenylene represented by the chemical formula 5, Examples thereof include conductive polymer materials and ionic liquids obtained by adding an appropriate dopant such as anion or cation to polyparaphenylene vinylene represented by the chemical formula 6 or derivatives thereof.

Among conductive polymer materials, for example, a polymer having a polythiophene structure such as polyethylenedioxythiophine (PEDOT) added with a dopant such as polystyrene sulfonic acid is preferable because of high conductivity.
Examples of ionic liquids include pyridines represented by Formula 7 below, imidazoliums represented by Formula 8, alicyclic amines represented by Formula 9, phosphoniums represented by Formula 10, and fatty acids represented by Formula 11. Mention may be made of cations such as amines. The anion (X-), BF4-, PF - , [(CF 3 SO 2) 2 N], Cl-, and the like Br @ -.

Organic conductive fillers have a higher affinity with elastomers than conductive fillers such as metal materials and carbon materials, and therefore rarely inhibit the intrinsic properties of elastomers such as stretchability and hardness. For this reason, the elastomer transducer excellent in durability can be obtained.
As a method of forming the surface layers 20a and 20a impregnated with the conductive filler on the surface layer of the dielectric elastomer layer 10 as described above, this dielectric elastomer layer is formed in a carbon dioxide atmosphere in a subcritical state or a supercritical state. 10 and a conductive filler, and the surface layer of the dielectric elastomer layer 10 is impregnated with the conductive filler.

  Here, the “subcritical carbon dioxide” means carbon dioxide in a liquid state whose pressure is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide (7.38 MPa) and whose temperature is lower than the critical temperature (31.1 ° C.), Alternatively, the carbon dioxide is in a liquid state in which the pressure is less than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide and the temperature is equal to or higher than the critical temperature, or the temperature and pressure are both less than the critical point but close to this. In addition, “supercritical carbon dioxide” refers to carbon dioxide in a state where the pressure is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide and the temperature is equal to or higher than the critical temperature.

As a method for introducing the dielectric elastomer layer 10 and the conductive filler into the carbon dioxide atmosphere in the subcritical state or the supercritical state, the dielectric elastomer and the conductive filler are separately used, or the conductive filler is used as the dielectric elastomer. You may introduce it by making it adhere. The conductive filler may be introduced as a single substance or in a state dispersed in an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent.
Examples of such organic solvents include alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol, ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ether solvents such as dibutyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, and aromatic solvents such as benzene and toluene. be able to.

The treatment conditions in the subcritical state or the supercritical state in the present invention can be appropriately determined within a range in which the dielectric elastomer layer 10 does not undergo degradation in performance in terms of relative permittivity or elastic state due to modification such as dissolution.
The dielectric elastomer layer 10 may be subjected to electret treatment or the like in order to increase energy conversion efficiency. In that case, the timing of forming the surface layers 20a and 20a impregnated with the conductive filler may be before or after the electret treatment or the like.

The elastomer transducer 100 of the present invention can be used by being laminated in order to increase its efficiency. In this case, in the present invention, since the dielectric elastomer layer 10 and the surface layers 20a and 20a impregnated with the conductive filler are integrated, the overall thickness is reduced compared to the case where the electrodes are separately formed. Is possible.
And, in the elastomer transducer 100 of the present invention having such a configuration, as will be demonstrated in the examples described later, since the peeling of the conductive layer, which has been a problem in the past, does not occur, the electrical energy and dynamics Transducer performance with excellent energy conversion efficiency with energy and excellent durability can be exhibited.

Next, FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of the power generating element 200 according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the power generating element 200 includes electrode layers 20A and 20B above and below the dielectric elastomer layer 10, and a plate-like shape is formed on the lower electrode layer 20B serving as a negative electrode (minus electrode) of these electrode layers 20A and 20B. The structure is provided with the charged electrode installation material 70 (71).
Here, the dielectric elastomer layer 10 and the electrode layers 20A and 20B have the same material and configuration as the dielectric elastomer layer 10 and the electrodes 20 and 20 constituting the elastomer transducer 100 described above.

And as this chargeable electrode installation material 70 (71), in addition to chargeability (insulation), a wide use temperature range, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, low friction, non-adhesiveness, weather resistance, flame resistance It is made of materials that satisfy its properties. Specifically, it is desirable to use, for example, a fluororesin such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin, a hydrocarbon resin such as polyethylene, a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide.
According to the power generation element 200 according to the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exhibit an excellent power generation capability even when it is stationary, as will be demonstrated in the examples described later.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a power generating element laminate 300 composed of a pair of power generating elements 200 and 200 having such a configuration.
As shown in the figure, this power generating element laminate 300 is configured such that a pair of power generating elements 200, 200 configured as described above are overlapped so that the electrode layers 20A, 20A serving as positive electrodes (positive electrodes) are in contact with each other, The electrode layers 20B and 20B serving as the negative electrodes are electrically connected to each other through the conductive wire 90, and the electrode layers 20B serving as the negative electrodes and the electrode layers 20A serving as the positive electrodes are connected to the electrical extraction terminals 80 and 80, respectively. is there.

And, according to the power generating element 200 according to the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exhibit a power generation performance twice that of the power generating element 200 alone, as will be demonstrated in the examples described later. . In addition, since the power generating element 200 is configured so that the positive electrodes are in contact with each other, an increase in size can be suppressed to a minimum. Thus, the present invention can be easily applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones that require small size and light weight.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, if a plurality of power generation elements 200 are further stacked, as demonstrated in an embodiment described later, the power generation performance proportional to the number of the power generation elements 200 (output power, output power) Voltage). In addition, it is possible to exert even more excellent power generation performance by compressing and expanding after the entire or part of the laminated material is similarly insulated with the same material as the insulating elastomer 40 shown in FIG. is there.

  That is, the power generating element laminate 300 in FIG. 6 is obtained by superimposing five power generating elements 200, and the power generating element laminated body 300 in FIG. 7 is obtained by further superimposing N power generating elements 200. And as shown in the drawing, the negative electrodes and the positive electrodes of the adjacent power generation elements 200 are connected in parallel by the conductive wires 90, respectively, and each electrode layer 20A, 20B of the power generation element 200 located at the uppermost position is used for electrical extraction. Terminals 80 and 80 are connected.

Next, specific examples according to the elastomer transducer 100 of the present invention will be described.
(Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
First, as shown in the upper column of Table 1 below, 1.5 parts by weight of a cross-linking agent (triallyl isocyanurate, “TAIK” manufactured by Nippon Kasei), reactive liquid acrylic rubber (ACM) (Toacron manufactured by Towpe Corporation) (SA-110S) 100 parts by weight of the base rubber is used, and 25 wt parts of PTZ (Fuji Titanium Industry Co., Ltd., PE-600 (relative permittivity of 2688 at 33 ° C.)) is used as the high dielectric filler. A dielectric rubber composition was prepared by adding and dispersing at a ratio. Subsequently, a semi-cured thin film was produced from this dielectric rubber composition using a K control coater (manufactured by Matsuo Seisakusho) to form a dielectric elastomer layer. The dielectric constant, the maximum tensile elongation, the size (length × width × thickness), and hardness of the dielectric elastomer layer are as follows.

  Next, as shown in the lower column of Table 1 below, 2.8 parts by weight of a cross-linking agent (triallyl isocyanurate, “TAIK” manufactured by Nippon Kasei Chemical), reactive bulk acrylic rubber (ACM) (manufactured by Tope Corporation) (Toacron SA-110S) 100 parts by weight is used as a base rubber. To this base rubber, 40 parts by weight of CNF (carbon nanofiber, Showa Denko VGCF) is added and dispersed as a conductive filler to prepare an electrode rubber composition. Produced. Thereafter, an electrode was formed by preparing a semi-cured thin film of this electrode rubber composition using a K control coater (manufactured by Matsuo Seisakusho). The deposited solid resistance, size (length × width × thickness), and hardness of this electrode are as follows.

And as shown in FIG. 1, while adhering the electrodes 20 and 20 to both surfaces of the dielectric elastomer layer 10 thus obtained using a conductive adhesive (Dotite XA-819A manufactured by Fujikura Kasei), The electrodes 20 and 20 lead wires 50 and 50 were connected (adhered) to produce a three-layer transducer material 30.
Thereafter, as shown in Table 2 below, 8 parts by weight of the crosslinking agent, 100 parts by weight of the reactive liquid acrylic rubber (Example 1), or 100 parts by weight of butyl rubber (Example 2) with respect to the transducer material 30. 4 types of samples were prepared by coating each of the insulating elastomers made of reactive liquid acrylic rubber (Comparative Example 2) containing 8 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent and 1 part of CNF (Comparative Example 2). After that, each power generation amount was measured. The insulating elastomer was coated with an elastic adhesive (Cemedine PM165).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the amount of power generation is measured when one end of each sample is fixed by a fixing plate 60 and the other end is mechanically extended by 50% (45 mm) and then the force is added. The measured amount of current was measured by an ammeter 70. The measurement is performed in an environment of a temperature of 30 ° C. and a humidity of 90%. The power generation amount of Comparative Example 1 that is not covered with an insulating elastomer is set to “1”, and the specific power generation amount is calculated and evaluated. Shown below.

As a result, both Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention exhibited an excellent power generation amount as compared with Comparative Example 1. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2, the volume specific resistance of 10 ⁶ Ω · cm was very small compared to that used in the example, so the amount of power generation was extremely remarkably reduced. I have.
(Examples 3 to 5, Comparative Examples 3 and 4)
Five types of elastomer transducers (transducer materials) were produced with the raw materials and configurations shown in Table 3 below, and the power generation amount and durability of each were evaluated.
The dielectric elastomer has a relative dielectric constant of 11.0 (50 Hz), a hardness of 30 (durometer A), and a length × width × thickness: 70 mm × 50 mm × 250 μm. In Examples 3 and 4, the conductive filler was immobilized on the dielectric elastomer by the supercritical method using supercritical carbon dioxide (immobilization conditions: temperature 50 ° C., pressure 15 MPa). In Comparative Example 3, sputtering was performed as the conductive layer. To deposit gold on the dielectric elastomer.

Here, the following were used as each raw material.
PZT: PE-600 manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industry, 2688 at a relative dielectric constant of 33 ° C.
Reactive liquid acrylic rubber: Toacron SA-110S manufactured by Toupe Co., Ltd.
・ Crosslinking agent: triallyl isocyanurate, Nippon Kasei "Tyke"
PEDOT / PSS (polyethylenedioxythiophine / polystyrene sulfonic acid): C. Star BAYTRON P, volume resistivity 0.1Ω · cm
Ionic fluid: imidazolium-based ionic fluid, “IL-P14” manufactured by Guangei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., volume resistivity 5.6 × 10 ² Ω · cm
Gold: 2 × 10 ⁻⁶ Ω · cm at a volume resistivity of 20 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 3, the power generation amount is measured when one end of each sample is fixed by a fixing number 60 and the other end is mechanically extended by 50% (45 mm) and then the force is added. The measured amount of current was measured by an ammeter 70. The measurement is performed in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50%, and the power generation amount of Comparative Example 3 using gold as the conductive layer is set to “1”, and the specific power generation amount is calculated and evaluated. Shown below.
The durability was evaluated by measuring the number of expansions and contractions until the amount of power generation reached 10% of the initial value, using the method for measuring power generation shown in FIG. The amount of expansion / contraction is 50% (45 mm) as in the measurement of the amount of power generation. The measurement is performed in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50%. The durability of Comparative Example 3 is set to “1”, and the specific durability is calculated and evaluated. The evaluation result is shown in the lower column of Table 3.

As a result, in Examples 3 to 5 according to the present invention, both the specific power generation amount and the specific durability showed values superior to those of Comparative Example 3. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, the specific durability showed the same value as in Example 3, but the specific power generation amount was extremely low because the thickness of the conductive layer was too thin.
(Examples 6 to 8, Comparative Example 5)
As shown in Table 4 below, 8 parts by weight of an acrylic rubber cross-linking agent (Polynate 70 manufactured by Toyo Polymer Co., Ltd.) as a base rubber, and 100 parts by weight of reactive bulk acrylic rubber (ACM) (Toacron SA-310 manufactured by Towpe Co., Ltd.) A mixed solution prepared by adding 10 parts by weight of a pyridinium-based ionic liquid (IL-P14 manufactured by Guangei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to this base rubber was prepared using a K control coater (manufactured by Matsuo Seisakusho) A cured dielectric elastomer thin film was prepared. The measurement results of the film thickness and hardness are as shown in Table 4 below.

  Next, as shown in Table 4 below, as a base rubber, 8 parts by weight of acrylic rubber cross-linking agent (Polynate 70 manufactured by Toyo Polymer Co., Ltd.), reactive bulk acrylic rubber (ACM) (Toacron SA manufactured by Toupe Co., Ltd.) -310) Using 100 parts by weight, preparing a mixture in which 35 parts by weight of conductive filler (CNF) was dispersed, and preparing a semi-cured electrode layer thin film using a K control coater (Matsuo Seisakusho) did. The measurement results of the film thickness and hardness are as shown in Table 4 below.

Next, the dielectric elastomer thin film, the electrode layer thin film, and the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) thin film obtained in this way are bonded to each other as shown in FIGS. It was created.
Then, the four types of power generation elements and the laminates thus obtained are connected in parallel by electric extraction terminals 80 and 80 and conductive wires 90 as shown in FIGS. After the preparation, the power generation capacity (specific generation voltage, specific generation current) of each sample when one week passed was measured. The measurement results are shown in the lower column of Table 4.

As a result, as can be seen from Table 4, another sample (Example 6) in which the generated voltage and generated current of the sample (power generation element 200) of Example 8 having the structure shown in FIG. , 7 and Comparative Example 5) were measured for power generation capacity, and the specific generated currents of Examples 6 and 7 having the configurations shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 were respectively equal to the number of laminated dielectric elastomer thin films. The same 2-fold and 5-fold values were shown.
On the other hand, Comparative Example 5 has a laminated structure as shown in FIG. 8, but both the generated voltage and the generated voltage are as low as about 1/10 of the sample of Example 8 (power generation element 200). It was.

100 ... Elastomer transducer
200 ... Power generation element 300 ... Power generation element laminate 10 ... Dielectric elastomer layer
20 ... Electrode 20A, 20B ... Electrode layer 20a ... Surface layer impregnated with conductive filler
30 ... Transducer material
40. Insulating elastomer
50 ... Lead wire
60 ... Fixing plate 70 (71) ... Electrostatic installation material 80 ... Electrical extraction terminal 90 ... Conductive wire

Claims (12)

  A single-layer elastomer transducer characterized by having a structure having electrodes on both ends of a dielectric elastomer.   A single-layer elastomer transducer characterized by impregnating a conductive filler from the surface of a dielectric elastomer in carbon dioxide in a subcritical state or a supercritical state, and impregnating the surface layer of the dielectric elastomer with the conductive filler . The elastomer transducer according to claim 1 or 2,
An elastomer transducer, wherein the dielectric elastomer has a relative dielectric constant of 5 or more and 60 or less. The elastomer transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An elastomer transducer, wherein the conductive filler has a volume resistivity of 10 ³ Ω · cm or less. In an elastomer transducer having a one-layer structure or a three-layer structure,
An elastomer transducer comprising a transducer material containing a dielectric elastomer and coated with an insulating elastomer. The elastomeric transducer of claim 5, wherein
An elastomer transducer characterized in that a covering area of the insulating elastomer is 80% or more of a total surface area of the transducer material. The elastomer transducer according to claim 5 or 6,
An elastomer transducer, wherein the insulating elastomer has a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ Ω · cm or more. The elastomer transducer according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
An elastomer transducer, wherein the dielectric constant of the insulating elastomer is 1 or more and 5 or less. The elastomer transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
An elastomer transducer characterized in that the maximum tensile elongation of the insulating elastomer is 200%.   A power generating element comprising electrode layers above and below a dielectric elastomer layer, and an electrode layer serving as a negative electrode among the electrode layers provided with a chargeable electrode installation material.   A pair of the power generation elements according to claim 10 are overlapped so that the electrode layers serving as the positive electrodes are in contact with each other, the electrode layers serving as the negative electrodes are electrically connected to each other with a conductive wire, and serve as the negative electrode A power generating element laminate comprising an electrode layer and an electrode layer serving as the positive electrode, each having a terminal for electrical extraction.   A plurality of the power generation elements according to claim 10 are stacked so that the electrode layers serving as the positive electrodes are in contact with each other, the electrode layers serving as the negative electrodes are electrically connected to each other with a conductive wire, and the positive electrodes A power generating element laminate comprising: an electrode layer serving as a negative electrode; and an electrode layer serving as a positive electrode connected to a terminal for electrical extraction. body.

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