JP2009222412A - Component-measuring implement and hemodialyzer equipped with component-measuring implement - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a concentration of components in aqueous liquid, in real time, in the infrared region and also to improve the measurement accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: The component measuring implement 30 comprises a flow path forming portion 31 to form a flow path 34, connected to flow pipes 18a, 18b to flow a liquid. An infrared ray irradiation portion C, irradiated with an infrared ray, is provided at the flow path forming portion 31. The cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared ray irradiating direction of the site, corresponding to the infrared ray irradiated portion C of the flow path 34, is set to be smaller than the inside diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a, 18b. The flow path 34 is provided with a bypass portion 34d for diverting a part of the liquid from the site, corresponding to the infrared ray irradiated portion C of the flow path 34. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a component measuring instrument used when measuring the concentration of various components mixed in a liquid containing water and a hemodialysis apparatus equipped with the component measuring instrument.

  Conventionally, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, hemodialysis treatment using a hemodialysis apparatus has been performed on patients with renal failure. The hemodialysis apparatus includes a blood circuit that collects and returns blood from a patient, a dialyzer provided in the middle of the blood circuit, and a dialysate circuit for supplying dialysate to the dialyzer. The blood collected from the patient by the blood circuit is subjected to extracorporeal circulation that flows into the dialyzer and returns to the patient. During this extracorporeal circulation, the blood is purified by the dialysate supplied to the dialyzer and removed. It is designed to be treated with water.

The dialysate (dialysis waste liquid) discharged from the dialyzer of the hemodialyzer includes wastes and the like that existed in the blood of the patient, and the concentration of the wastes changes during dialysis. Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is possible to grasp the state of the patient during dialysis by measuring the concentration of the waste contained in the dialysis waste liquid. Obtaining changes is very useful in performing dialysis treatment. The hemodialysis apparatus of Patent Document 2 injects an oxidant into the dialysis waste liquid, reacts the oxidant with wastes in the dialysis waste liquid, detects a temperature change of the dialysis waste liquid due to heat generated at that time, Based on this temperature change, the concentration of wastes and the like is measured.
JP 2007-130300 A JP 2007-190250 A

  However, when measuring the concentration of wastes and the like contained in the dialysis waste liquid, if the oxidant is injected into the dialysis waste liquid and the temperature change is measured as in Patent Document 2, the dialysis is performed after the oxidant is injected. Since it takes time to detect the temperature change of the waste liquid, it is difficult to obtain the concentration of the waste or the like in real time.

  Therefore, for example, by installing a flow cell (component measuring instrument) in the middle of the flow pipe through which the dialysis waste liquid flows, the component measuring instrument is irradiated with light to detect the degree of absorption (absorbance) of the dialysis waste liquid. It is conceivable to measure the concentration of an object or the like in real time. When detecting the absorbance, it is preferable to measure in the ultraviolet region where the amount of water absorbed in the dialysis waste liquid is small. However, since ultraviolet rays may cause deterioration of the irradiation object, it may be used as a component measuring instrument. The materials that can be used are limited, and ultraviolet rays may have an adverse effect if they enter the human eye by mistake. In order to avoid these problems, when the absorbance is detected in the infrared region, since the infrared ray is more easily absorbed in water than the ultraviolet ray as described above, most of the irradiated infrared ray is absorbed in water. There is a problem that the concentration of the component hardly appears in the form of absorbance.

  In addition, if the flow of dialysis waste fluid is stagnant in the measurement channel of the instrument for measuring components, or if cavitation occurs in the dialysis waste fluid, the absorbance cannot be detected accurately. There is a demand for a smooth flow of waste liquid.

  The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to measure the concentration of liquid components including water in real time in the infrared region, and to improve the measurement accuracy. It is in.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part in the flow path of the component measuring instrument is shortened, and a part of the liquid is irradiated with the infrared light in the flow path. The part corresponding to the part was diverted to flow.

  Specifically, in the first invention, a component measuring instrument used when measuring the concentration of the component in the liquid by irradiating the liquid containing water with infrared rays and analyzing the degree of absorption thereof, A flow path forming section that forms a flow path connected to a flow pipe through which the liquid flows, and the flow path forming section is made of an infrared transmitting material and is irradiated with infrared rays; and the flow path A dimension setting unit that sets the cross-sectional dimension of the region corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit in the infrared irradiation direction to be shorter than the inner diameter of the flow pipe, and a portion of the liquid that bypasses the region corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit of the flow path And a bypass part that flows through.

  According to this configuration, when the liquid flows from the flow pipe into the flow path of the flow path forming portion, the liquid flows through a portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion of the flow path. Infrared rays applied to the infrared irradiation unit pass through the liquid flowing through the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit in the flow path, and are received on the side opposite to the irradiation side. Thereby, the absorption degree of the infrared rays by the liquid is obtained. At this time, since the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part in the flow path is shorter than the inner diameter of the flow pipe, the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water as a liquid component is suppressed. It becomes possible to do. As a result, it is possible to detect the degree of infrared absorption related to components other than water in the liquid, and by analyzing the degree of absorption, the concentration of the liquid component is measured in real time.

  Further, the flow path forming part is provided with a bypass part, and a part of the liquid flows through the bypass part. As a result, as described above, even if the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion in the flow path is shortened, it is possible to sufficiently secure the total cross-sectional area of the flow path. The liquid flow stagnation and cavitation phenomenon are less likely to occur inside.

  In the second invention, in the first invention, the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion of the flow path is set to 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water, which is a component of the liquid, while ensuring the flow rate of the liquid necessary for measuring the degree of infrared absorption. .

  In 3rd invention, it is set as the structure which is a convex part formed so that the dimension setting part may protrude in the flow path from the flow path inner surface in 1st or 2nd invention.

  According to this configuration, the dimension setting unit can be easily obtained.

  According to a fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the convex portion has a lens shape.

  According to this configuration, infrared rays can be refracted by the convex portion.

  In the fifth invention, in the third or fourth invention, the bypass portion is provided around the convex portion.

  According to this configuration, a part of the liquid flows downstream around the convex portion.

  According to a sixth aspect, in the first or second aspect, the dimension setting section is configured by a rod-shaped member that is disposed in the flow path and extends from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path.

  According to this configuration, since the rod-shaped member constituting the dimension setting portion is arranged so as to extend from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow path, the flow of the liquid is hardly inhibited by the rod-shaped member.

  In a seventh invention, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, the bypass portion is constituted by a cylindrical member extending from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path.

  According to this configuration, the liquid flows smoothly through the bypass portion.

  In the eighth invention, in the first or second invention, the dimension setting section is constituted by a bead-like member disposed in the flow path.

  According to this configuration, when changing the cross-sectional dimension of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion of the flow path in the infrared irradiation direction, it is possible to cope with the change only by changing the size and number of the bead-shaped members.

  According to a ninth invention, in any one of the first to eighth inventions, the dialysis waste liquid of the hemodialyzer is connected to a circulation pipe.

  According to a tenth invention, in any one of the first to eighth inventions, the dialysis waste liquid of the peritoneal dialysis device is connected to a flow pipe.

  In an eleventh aspect of the invention, in the hemodialysis apparatus, the component measuring instrument described in any one of the first to eighth is connected to a flow pipe through which the dialysis waste liquid flows.

  According to the first invention, the flow path forming part that forms the flow path connected to the flow pipe through which the liquid containing water flows corresponds to the infrared irradiation part that is irradiated with infrared rays, and the infrared irradiation part of the flow path. Since the dimension setting part which makes the cross-sectional dimension of the infrared irradiation direction of the part shorter than the inner diameter of the flow pipe is provided, the amount of infrared rays absorbed by the water in the liquid can be suppressed, and the component other than the water in the liquid The degree of infrared absorption can be detected. In addition, a bypass part is provided in the flow path forming part so that a part of the liquid flows around the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part of the flow path, so that it is difficult for liquid flow stagnation and cavitation to occur. can do. By these things, the density | concentration of the component of a liquid can be measured in real time and with sufficient precision.

  According to the second invention, it is necessary to measure the degree of infrared absorption by setting the cross-sectional dimension of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion of the flow path in the infrared irradiation direction to 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. Therefore, the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water can be sufficiently reduced while ensuring a high liquid flow rate, and more accurate measurement can be performed.

  According to the third invention, the dimension setting section can be easily obtained, and the cost can be reduced.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the convex portion has a lens shape, it is possible to refract infrared rays and obtain a desired light collecting effect.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, since the dimension setting part is composed of the rod-shaped member extending from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path, the liquid can flow smoothly.

  According to the seventh aspect, since the bypass portion is constituted by the cylindrical member extending from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path, the flow of the liquid flowing through the bypass portion can be made smooth.

  According to the eighth invention, since the dimension setting part is configured by the bead-shaped member disposed in the flow path, the size of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part of the flow path depends on the size and number of the bead-shaped members. The cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction can be easily changed.

  According to the ninth to eleventh inventions, it is possible to accurately measure the concentration of wastes and the like in the dialysis waste liquid in real time.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is merely illustrative in nature, and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

Embodiment 1 of the Invention
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a usage state of a hemodialysis apparatus 1 including a component measuring instrument 30 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The hemodialysis apparatus 1 includes a hemodialysis treatment working unit 2 and a control unit 4 having an operation display unit 3. Among these, the hemodialysis treatment working part 2 is a part that actually performs hemodialysis. Moreover, the control part 4 is comprised centering on the information processing part of a computer, and controls the hemodialysis process operation part 2. FIG. The operation display unit 3 includes a data input button 28 by a medical worker and a screen 29 for displaying various information and input data.

  The hemodialysis treatment working unit 2 includes a dialyzer (blood treatment device) 10 serving as the center of hemodialysis, an arterial blood circuit unit 11 and a venous blood circuit unit 12 connected to the dialyzer 10, a blood pump 13, and a dialyzer. 10 is provided with a dialysate circuit 15 for supplying dialysate. The arterial blood circuit unit 11, the venous blood circuit unit 12, and the blood pump 13 constitute a blood circuit 16.

  The dialyzer 10 is formed by housing a plurality of hollow fibers (not shown) in a cylindrical case. The patient's blood flows inside these hollow fibers, and the dialysate flows in the space between the outside of the hollow fibers and the inside of the case. Although not shown, the dialyzer 10 case has a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port communicating with the inside of the hollow fiber, and a dialysate inflow port and a dialysate outflow port communicating with the space between the outside of the hollow fiber and the inside of the case. Is formed.

  The arterial blood circuit unit 11 has an arterial puncture needle 11 a and is connected to a blood inflow port of the dialyzer 10. An arterial drip chamber 11 b is provided in the middle of the arterial blood circuit unit 11. On the other hand, the venous blood circuit unit 12 has a venous puncture needle 12 a and is connected to a blood outflow port of the dialyzer 10. A venous drip chamber 12 b is provided in the middle of the venous blood circuit unit 12.

  The blood pump 13 is a so-called ironing-type pump configured to send blood from the arterial blood circuit unit 11 to the venous blood circuit unit 12 by squeezing a flexible tube constituting the arterial blood circuit unit 11. is there. The flow rate of the blood flowing through the blood circuit 16 is adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the motor of the blood pump 13. The blood pump 13 is not limited to the iron type, and other types of pumps may be used.

  The dialysate circuit 15 includes a supply side circuit unit 17 connected to a dialysate supply device (not shown), a discharge side circuit unit 18, a water removal pump 19, and a supply valve 20. The supply side circuit unit 17 is connected to the dialysate inflow port of the dialyzer 10. The discharge side circuit unit 18 is connected to the dialysate outflow port of the dialyzer 10. The supply valve 20 is provided in the supply side circuit unit 17 and is for adjusting the flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the supply side circuit unit 17.

  Moreover, the water removal pump 19 is provided in the discharge side circuit part 18, and is for removing a water | moisture content from the blood. By driving the dewatering pump 19, the amount of liquid discharged is larger than the amount of dialysate flowing into the dialyzer 10, thereby removing water from the blood flowing through the hollow fiber. Yes. The gradual water amount by the water removal pump 19 can be adjusted by changing the rotational speed of the motor of the water removal pump 19.

  The drain side circuit 18 is configured to circulate a dialysis waste liquid mixed with waste in the blood. A component measuring instrument 30 is provided in the middle of the flow pipes 18a and 18b. The component measuring instrument 30 may be provided anywhere as long as it is the discharge side circuit unit 18, and may be provided, for example, on the downstream side of the water removal pump 19.

  The component measuring instrument 30 functions as a flow cell of an infrared spectrophotometer (not shown). The infrared spectrophotometer includes a light emitting element A (shown in phantom lines in FIG. 3) made up of LEDs and the like, and a light receiving element B (shown in phantom lines in the figure) made up of phototransistors and the like. By analyzing the detected absorbance, it is a well-known one configured so that the concentration of wastes and the like (components) in the dialysis waste liquid can be obtained. Near-infrared rays are emitted from the light emitting element A. The near infrared wavelength is 800 nm to 2500 nm. The signal output from the infrared spectrophotometer is displayed on the screen 29 in the form of a graph so that the concentration change (relative change) of wastes and the like can be seen after being input to the control unit 4 and subjected to predetermined processing. It has come to be. Therefore, the medical staff can change various settings while observing a change in the concentration of the waste in the dialysis waste liquid.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the component measuring instrument 30 includes a thick plate-like flow path forming part 31, and an inflow pipe part 32 and an outflow pipe part 33 protruding from both end surfaces of the flow path formation part 31. Yes. The flow path forming part 30, the inflow pipe part 31, and the outflow pipe part 32 are made of a colorless and transparent resin material through which near infrared rays irradiated from the light emitting element A are transmitted. The flow path forming unit 30 may be made of, for example, quartz, glass, polycarbonate, or the like.

  The flow path forming portion 31 is substantially square in plan view. As shown in FIG. 3, the light emitting element A of the infrared spectrophotometer is arranged on one side (upper side in FIG. 3) of the flow path forming portion 31 in the thickness direction, and the light receiving element is placed on the other side (lower side in the figure). B is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a flow path 34 through which the dialysis waste liquid flows is formed in the flow path forming section 31 from the inflow pipe section 32 side to the outflow pipe section 33 side. The upstream end and the downstream end of the flow path 34 are open at the center in the width direction of both end faces of the flow path forming portion 30. An inflow pipe portion 32 is connected to the upstream end opening of the flow path 34, and an outflow pipe portion 33 is connected to the downstream end opening. The cross sections of the inflow pipe portion 32 and the outflow pipe portion 33 are the same circle. The inflow pipe portion 32 is connected in a state where it is inserted into the upstream side distribution pipe 18 a of the discharge side circuit 18, and the outflow pipe portion 33 is connected in a state where it is inserted into the downstream side distribution pipe 18 b of the discharge side circuit 18. Has been. The cross sections of the flow pipes 18a and 18b are circular.

  The channel 34 includes an upstream part 34a, an intermediate part 34b, and a downstream part 34c. The cross section of the upstream portion 34 a of the flow path 34 has the same circular shape as the cross section of the inflow pipe portion 32. The cross section of the downstream portion 34 c of the flow path 34 has the same circular shape as the cross section of the outflow pipe portion 33. The intermediate portion 34b of the flow path 34 has a flat cross section, and the dimension in the width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 4) of the intermediate portion 34b is set wider than the dimensions in the width direction of the upstream portion 34a and the downstream portion 34c. Has been. Both side edge portions of the intermediate portion 34b are curved in an arc shape centering on the central portion of the intermediate portion 34b. As shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving element B side surface of the intermediate portion 34b of the flow path 34 is a flat surface. On the other hand, a convex portion (dimension setting portion) 35 that protrudes toward the light receiving element B, that is, into the flow path 34 is formed on the surface of the intermediate portion 34 b of the flow path 34 on the light emitting element A side. As shown in phantom lines in FIG. 4, the peripheral edge of the convex portion 35 is circular. Moreover, the peripheral part of the convex part 35 is located inward rather than the both edges of the intermediate part 34b.

  Moreover, the convex part 35 is formed so that the center part may have the highest protrusion height. The surface of the convex portion 35 is curved toward the light receiving element B and has a convex lens shape. The light emitting element A is disposed so as to correspond to the region where the convex portion 35 is formed. Therefore, the infrared irradiation part C of this invention is comprised by the area | region in which the convex part 35 of the flow-path formation part 30 was formed. The light receiving element B is also arranged corresponding to the region where the convex portion 35 is formed.

  The protruding height of the convex portion 35 is set so that the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion C of the intermediate portion 34b is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18b. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the intermediate portion 34b is set to be 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less where the protrusion 35 has the highest protrusion height. The reason is that if the cross-sectional dimension d1 is shorter than 0.1 mm, the flow rate of the dialysis waste liquid at the measurement site becomes insufficient and accurate measurement becomes difficult, and if the cross-sectional dimension d1 is longer than 2.0 mm, dialysis is performed. This is because the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water, which is the main component of the waste liquid, increases, making measurement difficult.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a part of the dialysis waste liquid bypasses the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C of the flow path 34 between the peripheral part of the intermediate part 34 b and the peripheral part of the convex part 35. By-pass portions 34d and 34d are formed. By forming the bypass portions 34d and 34d, the cross-sectional area of the intermediate portion 34b of the flow path 34 is secured to be equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the upstream portion 34a.

  Next, a case where the component measuring instrument 30 configured as described above is used will be described. The dialysis waste liquid flows from the flow pipe 18 a upstream of the discharge side circuit 18 through the inflow pipe section 32 and into the upstream section 34 a of the flow path 34 in the flow path forming section 31. The dialysis waste fluid that has flowed through the upstream portion 34a flows into the intermediate portion 34b of the flow path 34, and a part flows between the convex portion 35 and the surface on the light receiving element B side as indicated by an arrow Y in FIG. The remainder flows through the bypass portions 34d and 34d as shown by the arrow X in FIG. 4 and flows into the downstream portion 34c, and then flows through the outflow pipe portion 33 to the downstream flow pipe 18b of the discharge side circuit 18.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the infrared rays irradiated from the light emitting element A to the infrared irradiation unit C pass through the dialysis waste liquid flowing between the convex portion 35 of the intermediate part 34 b and the surface on the light receiving element B side. Light is received by the light receiving element B. Since the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation section C in the flow path 34 is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18b, the distance that the infrared rays pass through the dialysis waste liquid is shortened. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water which is the main component of the dialysis waste liquid. As a result, an absorbance related to the concentration of wastes and the like is obtained.

  Further, since the dialysis waste fluid flows through the bypass portions 34d and 34d, the dialysis waste fluid is less likely to stay in the flow path 34 and the cavitation phenomenon is less likely to occur.

  Therefore, according to the component measuring instrument 30 according to the first embodiment, the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit C in the flow path 34 is made shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18b. Therefore, the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water, which is the main component of the dialysis waste liquid, can be suppressed, and the absorbance related to components other than water can be obtained. Furthermore, by letting the dialysis waste liquid flow into the bypass portions 34d and 34d, liquid stagnation and cavitation are less likely to occur in the flow path 34. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure the concentration of wastes and the like in the dialysis waste liquid in real time.

<< Embodiment 2 of the Invention >>
5 to 9 show a component measuring instrument 30 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the flow path forming portion 31 of the component measuring instrument 30 of Embodiment 2 includes a first member 40 located on the light emitting element A side, and a second member 41 located on the light receiving element B side. It is configured by combining.

  The second member 41 has a thick rectangular plate shape, and an inflow pipe portion 32 and an outflow pipe portion 33 are provided on both end surfaces. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the second member 41 is formed with an upstream portion 34a and a downstream portion 34c of the flow channel 34, and between the upstream portion 34a and the downstream portion 34c, the flow channel 34 is formed. A recess 41a for forming the intermediate portion 34b is formed so as to open to the first member 40 side. The recess 41a has a circular cross section, and its bottom surface is formed to be substantially flat. In the four corners of the second member 41, through holes 41b, 41b,... Extending from the light emitting element A side to the light receiving element B side are formed. As shown in FIG. 7, an annular groove 41 c extending so as to surround the opening of the recess 41 a is formed on the surface of the second member 41 on the light emitting element A side. As shown in FIG. 6, an O-ring 42 is fitted into the annular groove 41c.

  The first member 40 includes a rectangular plate portion 40a extending along the light emitting element A side surface of the second member 41, and a convex portion (dimension setting portion) 40b protruding from the light receiving element B side surface of the plate portion 40a. It has. The convex portion 40 b has a circular cross section and is inserted into the concave portion 41 a of the second member 41. The outer diameter of the convex portion 40b is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the concave portion 41a of the second member 41 as a whole, and becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the protruding direction.

  The light emitting element A is arrange | positioned so as to correspond to the area | region in which the convex part 40b was formed. That is, the region where the convex portion 40b is formed constitutes the infrared irradiation portion C (shown only in FIG. 5) of the present invention, and the light receiving element B also corresponds to the region where the convex portion 40b is formed. It is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the front end surface of the convex portion 40b extends substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the concave portion 41a. The protruding height of the convex portion 40b is set so that the tip end surface is separated from the bottom surface of the concave portion 41a by a predetermined distance. This predetermined distance is a cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of a portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C of the flow path 34, and is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a, 18a, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. It is. In the plate portion 40a of the first member 40, through holes 40c, 40c,... That coincide with the through holes 41b, 41b,. Screws 43 are inserted into the through holes 40c and 41c, respectively, and the first member 40 and the second member 41 are screwed into the screws 43 inserted into the through holes 40c and 41b. Are integrated with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a bypass portion between the peripheral surface of the concave portion 41 a and the peripheral surface of the convex portion 40 a allows a part of the dialysis waste liquid to flow around a portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion C of the flow path 34. 34d and 34d are formed.

  Next, the case where the component measuring instrument 30 according to the second embodiment is used will be described. The dialysis waste fluid that has flowed into the flow path 34 flows between the front end surface of the convex portion 40b and the bottom surface of the concave portion 41a as indicated by an arrow Y in FIG. 9, and passes through the bypass portion 34d as indicated by an arrow X in FIG. Flowing. At this time, since the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C of the flow path 34 is set shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18a, the infrared is the main component of the dialysis waste liquid. It is possible to suppress the amount absorbed by water. Thereby, the light absorbency regarding the density | concentration of the wastes etc. in a dialysis waste liquid is obtained.

  Further, since the dialysis waste fluid flows through the bypass portions 34d and 34d, the dialysis waste fluid is less likely to stay in the flow path 34 and the cavitation phenomenon is less likely to occur.

  Therefore, according to the component measuring instrument 30 according to the second embodiment, the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion C in the flow path 34 is shorter than the inner diameter of the flow pipes 18a and 18b. Absorbance relating to components other than water can be obtained. By flowing a part of the dialysis waste liquid to the bypass portions 34d and 34d, liquid stagnation and cavitation are less likely to occur in the flow path 34. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure the concentration of wastes and the like in the dialysis waste liquid in real time.

<< Embodiment 3 of the Invention >>
10 to 12 show a component measuring instrument 30 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, four cylindrical members (bar-shaped members) 50, 50,... As dimension setting portions are provided in the central portion in the width direction in the flow path 34 of the component measuring instrument 30 of the third embodiment. Has been placed. The cylindrical members 50, 50,... Are solid and are arranged so that the axis extends from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path 34. The columnar member 50 is made of a colorless and transparent resin material that transmits near infrared rays. The cylindrical member 50 may be made of, for example, quartz, glass, polycarbonate, or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the outer diameter S of each columnar member 50 is set to be shorter than the separation dimension L between the surface on the light emitting element A side and the surface on the light receiving element B side of the flow path 34. The cylindrical member 50 is disposed and fixed so as to be in contact with the surface of the flow path 34 on the light receiving element B side. The cylindrical member 50 and the surface of the flow path 34 on the light emitting element A side are separated from each other by a predetermined distance. This predetermined distance is a cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of a portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C of the flow path 34, and is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a, 18a, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 11, two cylindrical members 51 are arranged in the channel 34 on both sides in the width direction. These cylindrical members 50, 50,... Are arranged such that the axis extends from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path 34, and both ends are open. The axial length of the cylindrical member 50 is set to be shorter than the length of the flow path 34, and both end openings of the cylindrical member 50 are separated from the inner surface of the flow path 34. The outer diameter of the cylindrical member 50 is set to be the same as the distance L (shown in FIG. 12) between the surface on the light emitting element A side of the flow path 34 and the surface on the light receiving element B side. The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 50 is fixed in contact with the light emitting element A side and the light receiving element B side of the flow path 34. A bypass portion 34 d is formed inside the cylindrical member 51.

  Next, a case where the component measuring instrument 30 configured as described above is used will be described. The dialysis waste liquid flows into the flow path 34 in the flow path forming section 31 from the flow pipe 18 a upstream of the discharge side circuit 18 through the inflow pipe section 32. A part of this dialysis waste liquid flows between the cylindrical member 50 and the surface on the light emitting element A side as indicated by an arrow Y in FIG. 12, and the remaining part is a cylindrical member 51 as indicated by an arrow X in FIG. After flowing through the inner bypass part 34d, it flows through the outflow pipe part 33 to the downstream flow pipe 18b.

  At this time, since the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C of the flow path 34 is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18b, the infrared rays are absorbed by water which is the main component of the dialysis waste liquid. It is possible to suppress the amount that is generated, and thereby the absorbance related to the concentration of wastes and the like in the dialysis waste liquid can be obtained.

  Further, since the dialysis waste fluid flows through the bypass portion 34d in the cylindrical member 51, the dialysis waste fluid is less likely to stagnate or cavitation in the flow path 34.

  Therefore, according to the component measuring instrument 30 according to the third embodiment, the cylindrical member 50 is disposed in the flow path forming unit 30, and the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit C of the flow path 34. Since d1 is shorter than the inner diameter d2 of the flow pipes 18a and 18b, the absorbance related to the waste products can be obtained as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, by allowing the dialysis waste liquid to flow into the bypass portion 34d, liquid stagnation and cavitation are less likely to occur in the flow path 34. Therefore, the concentration of the waste components in the dialysis waste liquid can be accurately measured in real time.

  A prismatic member may be disposed instead of the columnar member 50, and a rectangular tube member may be disposed instead of the cylindrical member 51.

<< Embodiment 4 of the Invention >>
13 and 14 show a component measuring instrument 30 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. A plurality of bead-shaped members 60, 60,... Are arranged in the flow path 34 of the component measuring instrument 30 of the fourth embodiment. The bead-shaped member 60 is formed by spherically forming a colorless and transparent resin material that transmits near-infrared rays. As shown in FIG. 14, the bead-shaped member 60 is divided into two on the light emitting element A side and the light receiving element B side of the flow path 34. The bead-shaped members 60, 60 that are arranged in a stepped manner are in contact with each other. The bead-shaped member 60 on the light emitting element A side is in contact with the surface of the flow path 34 on the light emitting element A side, and the bead-shaped member 60 on the light receiving element B side is the surface of the flow path 34 on the light receiving element B side. Touching. The bead-shaped member 60 may be made of, for example, quartz, glass, polycarbonate, or the like.

  Four bead members 60 on the light emitting element A side are arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path 34, and these are in contact with each other. Five bead-shaped members 60 on the light receiving element B side are arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path 34, and these are in contact with each other. The number of bead-shaped members 60 is not limited to this.

  The dialysis waste liquid flows through the gap between the bead-shaped members 60, 60,. The cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion C in the flow path 34 is smaller than the inner diameter d2 of the flow passages 18a and 18b due to the bead-shaped member 60 being disposed in the flow path 34. ing. Specifically, the cross-sectional dimension d1 in the infrared irradiation direction of the part corresponding to the infrared irradiation part C in the flow path 34 is set to 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. Moreover, the width direction both sides in the flow path 34 become a bypass part (not shown) of the present invention.

  Therefore, according to the component measuring instrument 30 according to the fourth embodiment, the bead-shaped member 60 is arranged in the flow path forming unit 30 so that the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction is shorter than the inner diameter of the flow pipes 18a and 18b. Therefore, the amount of infrared rays absorbed by water, which is the main component of the dialysis waste liquid, can be suppressed, and absorbance related to components other than water can be obtained. By flowing a part of the dialysis waste liquid to the bypass portions 34d and 34d, liquid stagnation and cavitation are less likely to occur in the flow path 34. Therefore, the concentration of the waste product in the dialysis waste liquid can be accurately measured in real time.

  The bead-shaped member 60 may have a shape other than a sphere.

  The component measuring instrument 30 can also be used for a peritoneal dialysis apparatus.

  Further, a supply-side component measurement instrument (not shown) similar to the above-described component measurement instrument 30 may be provided in the dialysate supply-side circuit unit 17 so as to obtain the concentration of waste products. In this case, the concentration of the waste obtained with the supply-side component measuring instrument is compared with the concentration of the waste obtained with the component-measuring instrument 30 of the discharge side circuit unit 18 to grasp the difference. The dialysis situation can be analyzed in detail.

  It is also possible to grasp the amount of waste removed during the dialysis time based on the concentration change of the waste obtained by the component measuring instrument 30 and the flow rate (ml / min) of the dialysate.

  Further, only one infrared ray having a specific wavelength may be irradiated to obtain a concentration of one kind of waste product, or a plurality of infrared rays having a plurality of wavelengths may be sequentially irradiated to obtain a concentration of plural types of waste product. Alternatively, the absorption spectrum of the dialysis waste liquid may be obtained by continuously irradiating while changing the wavelength of infrared rays, and based on this, the concentration of plural kinds of waste products may be obtained.

  For example, when obtaining the concentration of two types of waste products, the concentration change (relative change) of the other waste product with respect to the concentration of one waste product may be obtained.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 1-4, although it is trying to measure the density | concentrations of the waste etc. in a dialysis waste liquid with the component measuring instrument 30, the component measuring instrument 30 is the density | concentration of the component of various liquids containing water. Can be used to detect.

  Further, a step may be formed at a connection portion between the flow path forming portion 30 and the inflow pipe portion 31 and a connection portion between the flow path formation portion 30 and the outflow pipe portion 32. In this case, the height of the step is The cross sectional dimension d1 is preferably smaller.

  As described above, the component measuring instrument according to the present invention is suitable for detecting the concentration of wastes and the like in the dialysis waste liquid of a hemodialysis machine, for example.

It is a figure explaining the use condition of the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 1 is a perspective view of a component measuring instrument according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 6 is a side view of a component measuring instrument according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a component measuring instrument according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a side view of the state which decomposed | disassembled the instrument for a component measurement which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 6 is a longitudinal view of a component measuring instrument according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a perspective view of the component measuring device which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of a component measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 3. It is the XII-XII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the component measuring device which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is the XIV-XIV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hemodialysis apparatus 18a, 18b Flow pipe 30 Component measuring instrument 31 Flow path formation part 34 Channel 34d Bypass part 35 Convex part (dimension setting part)
50 Cylindrical member (dimension setting part)
60 Bead-shaped member (dimension setting part)
C Infrared irradiation part

Claims (11)

A component measuring instrument used for measuring the concentration of a component in a liquid by irradiating a liquid containing water with infrared rays and analyzing its absorption degree,
A flow path forming part that forms a flow path connected to a flow pipe through which the liquid flows;
The flow path forming portion is composed of an infrared transmitting material, and the infrared irradiation portion irradiated with infrared rays, and the cross-sectional dimension in the infrared irradiation direction of the portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation portion of the flow path from the inner diameter of the flow pipe A component measuring instrument comprising: a dimension setting unit that sets a short distance; and a bypass unit that causes a part of the liquid to flow around a portion corresponding to the infrared irradiation unit of the flow path. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 1,
An instrument for measuring a component, wherein a cross-sectional dimension in an infrared irradiation direction of a portion corresponding to an infrared irradiation portion of a flow path is set to 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2,
The dimension setting section is a convex portion formed so as to protrude from the inner surface of the flow path into the flow path. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 3,
The component measuring instrument, wherein the convex part has a lens shape. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 3 or 4,
The component measuring instrument, wherein the bypass part is provided around the convex part. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2,
The dimension setting unit is configured by a rod-shaped member that is disposed in the flow path and extends from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow path. In the component measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The bypass measuring part is comprised with the cylindrical member extended toward the downstream from the upstream of a flow path, The component measuring instrument characterized by the above-mentioned. In the component measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2,
The dimension setting unit is composed of a bead-like member disposed in the flow path, and the component measuring instrument. In the component measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A component measuring instrument connected to a flow pipe through which a dialysis waste liquid of a hemodialysis machine flows. In the component measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A component measuring instrument connected to a flow pipe through which a dialysis waste liquid of a peritoneal dialysis machine flows.   A hemodialysis apparatus, wherein the component measurement instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is connected to a flow pipe through which a dialysis waste liquid flows.

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