JP2009174922A - Positioning apparatus, portable terminal apparatus, positioning system, and positioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a positioning apparatus, a portable terminal apparatus, a positioning system, and a positioning method which enable high-accuracy positioning inside a building or at a dead spot, in a next-generation communication system incapable of applying composite positioning wherein a base station is dealt with as one of signal transmission sources. <P>SOLUTION: The positioning system is provided with a portable telephone 100 having a positioning apparatus 110, by using a GPS satellite, and a positional information transmitter 200 installed for transmitting positional information on own, in an area (inside a building, a dead zone, etc.) where no GPS signals can be received. The information transmitter 200 transmits a wireless signal in the same frequency band as that of a GPS signal, and the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 of the positioning apparatus 110 receives the GPS signal and the positional information of the information transmitter 200 with the same circuit. A position calculating section 150 calculates the position of the portable telephone 100, based on a GPS positioning computation result and the positional information of the information transmitter 200. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a positioning device, a portable terminal device, a positioning system, and a positioning method for quickly capturing a positioning satellite signal of a satellite positioning system.

  In recent years, mobile communication terminal devices equipped with SPS receivers such as in-vehicle navigation devices equipped with SPS (Satellite Positioning System) receivers represented by GPS (Global Positioning System) and mobile phone devices with SPS reception functions. Has been put to practical use. A positioning device using a satellite normally receives signals from four or more satellites simultaneously, captures a carrier wave, tracks a spread code, performs spectrum despreading processing, and demodulates navigation data from the satellite signal. In addition, the time at which the satellite transmits a signal using navigation data, etc. is calculated to determine the pseudorange for each satellite (the time required for the satellite signal to reach the positioning device), and the positioning device is based on the calculated pseudorange. Determine the position. As a feature of this GPS, the absolute position of the mobile terminal can be obtained with relatively high accuracy without considering the positional relationship with the base station in the mobile communication system.

  Since mobile terminals are used in various places, they are also used in buildings and indoors. In such an environment, it is difficult to capture radio waves from GPS satellites, which are weak radio waves, and the number of observable satellites is often less than four. When the number of satellites that can be received is less than 4, position measurement using only GPS satellites becomes impossible. As a countermeasure, a positioning method has been proposed that enables position measurement even when the number of receivable satellites is less than four. For example, the cellular base station is treated as one of the signal transmission sources, not the position calculation by GPS alone, and the reception timing of the signal transmitted from the cellular base station is measured, so that the cellular base station is equivalent to a GPS satellite. There is a composite positioning method that can handle and measure position in various places by devising so that the number of signal sources does not become 4 or less. As a special case, even if the GPS satellite is 0, if the base station can receive 4 or more, the position can be measured by the same method.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system of a portable terminal device including a conventional positioning device. FIG. 15A illustrates an outdoor environment in which the positioning device is used, and FIGS. The composite positioning used in the indoor environment or blind area is shown respectively.

  In the outdoor environment of FIG. 15A, the communication system 1 includes a mobile phone 10, radio base stations 2 and 3, and a GPS (SPS) satellite 4 (here, four GPSs) arranged above the mobile phone 10. 3 of the satellites are shown).

  The cellular phone 10 communicates with other cellular phones, fixed phones, or information servers (not shown) by transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from the radio base stations 2 and 3. Further, positioning is performed by capturing GPS signals transmitted from the four GPS satellites 4 and extracting information from the respective GPS signals. This GPS signal is obtained by superimposing a PRN code such as a C / A code (Coarse / Acquisition Code) or a P code (Precise Code or Protected Code) different for each GPS signal on a carrier wave of the same frequency of 1,57542 GHz. .

  In the indoor environment of FIG. 15B, in the place where the GPS signal is small, the composite positioning using the base stations 2 and 3 is performed. In FIG. 15B, the mobile phone 10 is notified of the base station position (x10, y10) from the radio base station 2 and the base station position (x11, y11) from the radio base station 3, and the mobile phone 10 The base station position (x10, y10) and (x11, y11) are used to calculate the position.

  Further, a wireless base station 5 connected to the wireless base station 3 by optical transmission is installed in the dead area in FIG. In the blind area, the base station position (x11, y11) is notified from the radio base station 5 to the mobile phone 10, and the mobile phone 10 calculates the position using this (x11, y11).

  In Patent Document 1, the terminal position is automatically registered depending on which base station area a PHS (Personal Handy-Phone System) terminal belongs to, and the terminal receives its registered position information database and map information, thereby receiving its own terminal position. A system for knowing is disclosed.

Patent Document 2 discloses a system in which a wireless communication terminal such as a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) knows its own terminal position by combining the position of a connected access point and GPS positioning.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-229576 Special table 2007-506105 gazette “Global Positioning System Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification, 2ndEdition, June1995”

  However, a communication system including such a conventional positioning device has the following problems.

  (1) Since the next generation communication system (LTE and 4G) is an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) transmission system, the delay time of a received signal necessary for positioning cannot be measured accurately. In the future, an alternative to combined positioning will be essential.

  (2) The composite positioning used in the indoor environment or the blind area shown in FIGS. 15B and 15C has a problem that the positioning accuracy itself is lower than the GPS positioning.

  (3) The system described in Patent Document 1 has a drawback that its own position can be known only with the position accuracy of the PHS base station area size.

  (4) In the system described in Patent Document 2, it is assumed that the terminal is equipped with a WLAN transceiver circuit. A cellular phone or the like is not necessarily equipped with this WLAN function.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and in a next-generation communication system that cannot perform hybrid positioning in which a base station is treated as one of signal transmission sources, it is possible to achieve positioning indoors or in a blind place with high accuracy. It is an object to provide a positioning device, a portable terminal device, a positioning system, and a positioning method.

  The positioning device of the present invention is a positioning device that receives a signal from an SPS satellite and calculates a position, and receives the signal from the SPS satellite and cannot receive the signal from the SPS satellite. Receiving means for receiving a signal from a position information transmitter for transmitting a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite; and a signal from the SPS satellite received by the receiving means and / or transmitting the position information And a calculating means for calculating the position based on the position information included in the signal from the machine.

  The portable terminal device of the present invention is a portable terminal device provided with a positioning device using an SPS satellite, and the positioning device is the positioning device.

  The position information transmitter of the present invention is a position information transmitter that is installed in a place where a signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits the position information of the installation place, and has the same frequency as the signal from the SPS satellite. A configuration is adopted in which the position information is transmitted by a radio signal in a band.

  The positioning system of the present invention is a positioning device that receives a signal from an SPS satellite and calculates a position, and a position information transmission that is installed in a location where the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits the location information of the installation location. The position information transmitter transmits the position information by a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite, and the positioning device transmits the position information from the SPS satellite. Receiving means for receiving a signal from a position information transmitter for transmitting a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite when receiving a signal and not receiving the signal from the SPS satellite; The position is calculated based on the position information included in the signal from the SPS satellite received by the receiving means and / or the signal from the position information transmitter. A configuration including a calculation means.

  The positioning method of the present invention is a positioning method in which positioning is performed by using a position information transmitter that is installed in a place where signals from the SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits position information of the installation place, the signal from the SPS satellite. And receiving a signal from the position information transmitter for transmitting a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite when the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received; Calculating a position based on position information included in the signal from the SPS satellite and / or the signal from the position information transmitter.

  According to the present invention, the GPS satellite signal and the position information signal of the position information transmitter are received by the same receiving circuit, so that indoor positioning is possible even in a next-generation communication system that cannot perform composite positioning.

  Further, by using the SPS receiver of the terminal, it is possible to avoid the cost increase of the terminal. Further, the terminal does not need to be equipped with a transmission / reception circuit such as WLAN, and can be implemented for general purposes.

  Further, since the frequency accuracy of the position information transmitter does not need to be high, the transmitter can be realized at low cost, and there is an effect that the capital investment is small. Furthermore, since there are few change points from the conventional GPS receiver and only the digital processing is changed, there is an effect that can be easily implemented.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a positioning system in which a positioning device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used. FIG. 1 (a) illustrates an outdoor environment in which a terminal including the positioning device is used. 1 (b) shows an indoor positioning method used in an indoor environment. The first embodiment is an example applied as a positioning device to a mobile terminal device having a positioning function by a GPS system.

  In FIG. 1, the positioning system includes a mobile phone 100, a position information transmitter 200, and GPS satellites 300 (here, three of four GPS satellites) are arranged above the mobile phone 100. Mainly composed.

  A mobile phone 100 having a positioning function using a GPS system is a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone / PHS (Personal Handy-Phone System), and may be a portable information terminal such as a portable notebook personal computer or PDA (Personal Digital Assistants). . In the first embodiment, a case where the mobile phone 100 having a positioning function is a mobile phone is taken as an example.

  The mobile phone 100 communicates with other mobile phones, fixed phones, or information servers by transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from a radio base station (not shown). In addition, positioning is performed by capturing GPS signals transmitted from each of the four GPS satellites 300 and extracting information from each GPS signal. This GPS signal is obtained by superimposing a PRN code such as a C / A code or a P code, which differs for each GPS signal, on a carrier wave having the same frequency of 1,57542 GHz.

  The position information transmitter 200 transmits information including the position information of the position information transmitter 200 by a radio signal in the same band as the GPS signal frequency (for example, 1.5 GHz band). The radio signal is a spread spectrum signal and has the following characteristics. (1) The spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter 200 is different from the spread code of any GPS satellite. (2) The chip rate of the spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter 200 is different from the chip rate of the GPS satellite. (3) The chip rate of the spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter 200 is 1 / integer of the GPS satellite chip rate. That is, if the chip rate C of the GPS satellite is an arbitrary integer n, the chip rate of the spreading code of the position information transmitter 200 is C / n. (4) When there are a plurality of location information transmitters 200, the frequency of the location information transmitter 200 is set so that the center frequency of each location information transmitter 200 is different.

  As described above, a signal including position information uses a CDM code having a chip rate different from or different from that of a GPS satellite. In addition to the position of the position information transmitter 200, the position information may include peripheral information such as a local map and information on local store information.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the positioning function unit of the mobile phone 100. This positioning function unit is referred to as a positioning device 110.

  2, the positioning device 110 of the mobile phone 100 includes a GPS antenna 111, a GPS signal receiving circuit 120, a GPS positioning calculation unit 130, a transmitter position information detection unit 140, and a position calculation unit 150.

  The GPS signal receiving circuit 120 includes a despreading unit 121 and a spread code list 122 composed of a GPS satellite spread code DG (n) and a transmitter spread code D1, and sends signals (GPS signals) and position information from GPS satellites. The position information signal from the machine 200 is received. The GPS signal receiving circuit 120 includes a frequency scanning unit 123, a scanning frequency Fs oscillator 124, and an RF unit 125.

  The RF unit 125 generates an intermediate frequency signal using a multiplier after amplification by an LNA (Low Noise Amplifier). The scanning frequency Fs oscillator 124 generates a scanning frequency Fs. The frequency scanning unit 123 performs frequency scanning using the scanning frequency Fs. The despreading unit 121 despreads the received GPS satellite signal and the signal (intermediate frequency signal) from the position information transmitter.

  The spreading code list 122 is a candidate list of despreading codes used when the despreading unit 121 performs despreading, and includes the despreading codes of the position information transmitter 200 in addition to the despreading codes of GPS satellites.

  The GPS signal receiving circuit 120 uses the frequency scanning unit 123 and the despreading unit 121 to search for the GPS signal (frequency scanning), capture it, and perform despreading. Specifically, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 performs a satellite search for a satellite of the GPS signal using a despreading code of the GPS satellite included in the spreading code list 122 based on a preset search frequency, Synchronize. Then, after the code synchronization is established, the GPS signal is despread using the despreading codes of the GPS satellites included in the spreading code list 122. Note that GPS signals are captured by performing the same operation on all four GPS satellites using different channels.

  Further, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 uses the frequency scanning unit 123 and the despreading unit 121 to search for the signal of the location information transmitter 200 using the despread code of the location information transmitter 200 included in the spread code list 122. (Frequency scanning) is performed and code synchronization is performed. Then, after code synchronization is established, despreading is performed using the despreading code D1 of the position information transmitter.

  When GPS signal despreading is performed using the despreading code of the GPS satellite, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 outputs the despread signal to the GPS positioning calculation unit 130. In addition, when the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 performs despreading using the despreading code D1 of the position information transmitter 200, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 outputs the despread signal to the transmitter position information detection unit 140.

  The GPS positioning calculation unit 130 performs a calculation for positioning based on the despread signal from the GPS signal receiving circuit 120. This calculation is the same as a general GPS positioning calculation. Specifically, the GPS positioning calculation unit 130 is based on the satellite acquisition information such as the code phase (= satellite signal arrival time), frequency, signal level, etc. at the time of code synchronization for a plurality of channels performed by the GPS signal receiving circuit 120. Performs positioning calculation and outputs positioning results. In this way, information included in the GPS signal (for example, the type of satellite and the arrival time of the satellite signal) is acquired.

  The transmitter position information detection unit 140 acquires position information data of the position information transmitter 200 from the despread signal from the GPS signal receiving circuit 120. In this way, the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200 is detected from the position information data of the position information transmitter 200.

  The position calculation unit 150 calculates the position of the mobile phone 100 based on the result of the GPS positioning calculation and the position information of the position information transmitter 200. For example, the position calculation unit 150 calculates the position by GPS positioning in an outdoor environment. In an indoor environment, the position calculation unit 150 receives the CDM signal emitted from the position information transmitter 200 using the GPS reception function to know the position. When GPS positioning cannot be performed, the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200 or the vicinity thereof, which is the reception result of the position information transmitter 200, is set as the position of the mobile phone 100.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows signal waveforms at each stage up to the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 of the positioning device 110A.

  In FIG. 3, the positioning device 110A includes a GPS antenna 111, an RF frequency F0 local oscillator 112, a multiplier 113, an A / D converter 114, a scanning frequency Fs oscillator 124, and a multiplication constituting a frequency scanning unit 123 (FIG. 2). 123A and a multiplier 121A constituting the despreading unit 121 (FIG. 2). The satellite signal received by the GPS antenna 111 is input to the multiplier 113 after removing unnecessary radio waves by a SAW filter (not shown), amplified by an LNA (Low Noise Amplifier).

  The RF frequency F0 local oscillator 112 generates a predetermined frequency signal. The multiplier 113 multiplies the satellite signal (CDM signal and position information) from the GPS antenna 111 by the oscillation signal supplied from the RF frequency F0 local oscillator 112, thereby downgrading to an intermediate frequency band (Intermediate Frequency). Convert. Further, a carrier component contained in the intermediate frequency signal is removed by a filter (not shown).

  The frequency scanning unit 123 (multiplier 123A) performs frequency scanning by multiplying the satellite signal of the IF band after A / D conversion by the scanning frequency Fs signal supplied from the scanning frequency Fs oscillator 124. FIG. 3 shows an example in which this multiplication is performed using digital signal processing.

  A predetermined despreading code is supplied to the despreading unit 121 (multiplier 121A) in order to capture the satellite. The despreading codes are two types of despreading codes, a GPS satellite spreading code DG (n) and a transmitter spreading code D1. The despreading unit 121 despreads (demodulates) the spectrum spread signal by multiplying the signal extracted by frequency scanning by the despreading code. Specifically, the despreading unit 121 multiplies the intermediate frequency signal extracted by frequency scanning and the GPS satellite spread code DG (n), and obtains a correlation with the spread code signal from the satellite. The spreading code is a code unique to each satellite, and includes the above-described C / A code, L2CM code, L2CL code, I5 code, Q5 code, and the like. In capturing a satellite spreading code, a target satellite is first selected by a control unit (not shown), and a spreading code identical to the spreading code of the target satellite is generated. Then, correlation processing is performed by multiplication of the generated spreading code and the spreading code of the satellite signal, and control is performed so that the phases of both spreading codes coincide. In order to match the phases, the spreading code has the characteristic that the correlation value is maximum when the phases match and is zero when the phases do not match. Processing is repeated until the calculated integral value is maximized, that is, until the spreading code of the target satellite is captured.

  On the other hand, the despreading unit 121 despreads (demodulates) the signal transmitted from the position information transmitter 200 by multiplying the intermediate frequency signal extracted by frequency scanning and the transmitter spread code D1.

  The scanning frequency Fs oscillator 124, the frequency scanning unit 123, and the despreading unit 121 constitute the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 in FIG. 2, and the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 has a function as a demodulator of the CDM signal.

  In the first embodiment, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 of the positioning device 110 receives position information transmitted from the position information transmitter 200 in the same frequency band as the GPS satellite signal together with the GPS satellite signal. . Figure 3a. As shown, the CDM signal, which is a GPS satellite signal transmitted by a 1.5 GHz band CDMA signal, and the position information transmitted from the position information transmitter 200 are received. Since the CDM signal and the position information are signals in the same frequency band, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 is the same as the conventional GPS-RF unit except that the transmitter spreading code D1 is added to the demodulator of the CDM signal. It is a configuration. For this reason, the same GPS receiver (positioning device) as the conventional one can be used, and there is no need to add a new receiver. Further, the frequency accuracy of the position information transmitter 200 does not need to be high. For the frequency scanning function, the frequency scanning unit 123 of the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 may be used.

  Figure 3b. As shown in Fig. 3c, the IF band satellite signal after A / D conversion is composed of a CDM signal and position information. d. As for the frequency scanning shown in FIG. 2, the frequency scanning is performed on the CDM signal and the position information.

  Figure 3e. A signal obtained by despreading a GPS signal (GPS positioning) by demodulating a spectrum spread signal using two despreading codes as shown in FIG. 1, GPS satellite spreading code DG (n) and transmitter spreading code D1. (Signal used for calculation) (see FIG. 3f) and a signal obtained by despreading the position information signal from the position information transmitter 200 (see FIG. 3g).

  The A / D converter 114 is not necessarily located at the position shown in FIG. 3, and may be disposed between the frequency scanning unit 123 and the despreading unit 121, for example. FIG. 3 shows an example in which an intermediate frequency is used for reception, but a so-called direct conversion type receiving circuit that does not use an intermediate frequency can also be employed.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the position information transmitter 200. In the figure, a signal waveform transmitted from the position information transmitter 200 is schematically shown (see FIG. 4a).

  In FIG. 4, the position information transmitter 200 includes a position information storage unit 210, a digital modulator 220, a multiplier 230, a 1.5 GHz band F1 local oscillator 231, a multiplier 232, an amplifier 233, and a GPS antenna 240. Composed.

  The position information storage unit 210 stores position information (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200. Further, the location information storage unit 210 stores peripheral information of the location information transmitter 200 in addition to the location information (x, y, z). This peripheral information is, for example, a local map in the vicinity of the position information transmitter 200 and regional store information. The store information includes URL (Uniform Resource Locator) information in which the store information is described. Note that the location information storage unit 210 may further include an information rewriting function.

  The digital modulator 220 modulates position information and peripheral information of the position information transmitter 200.

  Multiplier 230 multiplies the digitally modulated signal and transmitter spread code D1 (chip rate C1) to generate a spread spectrum signal. The transmitter spread code D1 or chip rate C1 uses a spread code different from the GPS satellite spread code DG (n) or chip rate CG. That is, D1 ≠ DG (n) or C1 ≠ CG. In addition, it is further preferable to have a variable function of the transmitter spreading code D1 and the chip rate C1. The setting of the transmitter spreading code D1 and the chip rate C1 will be described later.

  The multiplier 232 multiplies the spectrum-spread signal by the oscillation signal supplied from the 1.5 GHz band F1 local oscillator 231 to output a transmission signal on which the RF band carrier component is superimposed. Here, since the frequency scanning function only needs to use the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 of the mobile phone 100, the absolute frequency accuracy of the 1.5 GHz band F1 local oscillator 231 may not be so high. For this reason, a cheap oscillator can be used. Further, it is more preferable to provide a variable function of the RF band frequency F1. When there are a plurality of position information transmitters (A1, A2,...), The frequencies F1, F2,.

  The amplifier 233 amplifies the power of the RF band transmission signal and transmits it as a 1.5 GHz band CDMA signal by the GPS antenna 240 (see FIG. 4a).

  Next, how to select the spread code of the position information transmitter 200 will be described.

1. When the chip rate is the same as the GPS satellite chip rate (1.023 MHz) When the chip rate is the same as the GPS satellite (1.023 MHz), the spread code D1 of the position information transmitter 200 is the code assigned to the GPS satellite. Selects one of the different codes. Details will be described below.

  The C / A code of the GPSL1 wave (1.57542 MHz) is a spread signal based on a pseudo-random noise code (PRN code) consisting of 1023 bits, and is almost orthogonal to each other. can do. There are 36 types of PRN codes, which are assigned to each GPS satellite, and are open to the public (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  Since the number of GPS satellites is 28, there is an unassigned PRN code (PRN numbers No. 33 to No. 36 are reserved for ground use), one of which is used in this embodiment. If it is used as the spread code D1 of the position information transmitter 200 of the form 1, the signal of the position information transmitter 200 can be received separately from the GPS satellite.

  When there are a plurality of adjacent location information transmitters, it is possible to assign a plurality of the PRN codes to each location information transmitter, but the number of the PRN codes is limited. Therefore, each position information transmitter can be distinguished by changing the frequency of the position information transmitter. The set frequency may be selected anywhere within the frequency scanning range of the conventional GPS receiver, and may be set at random. This is because a GPS receiver needs to receive a satellite signal subjected to Doppler shift, and therefore has a function capable of detecting any frequency.

2. When the chip rate is set to a value other than 1.023 MHz There is also a method of setting the chip rate of the position information transmitter 200 to a value different from the GPS satellite chip rate (1.023 MHz). In this case, the chip rate may be larger or smaller than 1.023 MHz. However, if the chip rate is excessively larger than 1.023 MHz, the signal band is increased and the demodulation bandwidth of the GPS receiver is deviated. Further, when the signal band is increased, it is necessary to increase the clock frequency of the A / D converter and digital processing, and it becomes necessary to redesign the GPS receiver. Therefore, the chip rate is preferably smaller than 1.023 MHz.

  As the spread code of the position information transmitter, one of random codes generally used as a spread code is selected. It is desirable that the spread code of the position information transmitter and the spread code of the GPS satellite are almost orthogonal, but reception is possible even if they are not completely orthogonal. If the signal is not orthogonal, the noise degradation in the demodulated signal increases. For example, when the chip rate is 1.023 MHz / n and the integer n is increased, the GPS satellite PRN code has a large averaging effect at a cycle of 1.023 MHz and approaches the orthogonal condition. Actually, there is no position information transmitter signal when there is a GPS satellite (outdoors), and GPS satellites cannot be seen when there is a position information transmitter signal (indoors), so even if the orthogonal condition is not satisfied, there is a problem in practical use Absent.

  If there are multiple nearby location information transmitters, it is possible to assign them to each location information transmitter using multiple random codes, and distinguish each location information transmitter by changing the frequency of the location information transmitter be able to. The set frequency may be selected anywhere within the frequency scanning range of the conventional GPS receiver, and may be set at random. This is because the GPS receiver already has a function capable of detecting any frequency.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the setting of the spreading code of the position information transmitter 200 when the chip rate is set to a value other than 1.023 MHz.

  5 (1) and (2) show the GPS spreading code (chip rate 1.023 MHz), and FIG. 5 (x) shows the spreading code (chip rate 1.023 MHz / n) of the position information transmitter 200. .

  Since the product of the GPS spread code (1) and the spread code (x) of the position information transmitter 200 is averaged over a relatively long time T, it is close to zero, so the GPS spread code (1) and the position information transmitter 200 The spreading code (x) is close to an orthogonal relationship.

  Hereinafter, an operation of the mobile phone 100 including the positioning device 110 configured as described above will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the positioning operation of the positioning device 110. In the figure, S indicates each step of the flow.

  First, in step S1, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 detects CDM signals of all GPS satellites, and in step S2, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 detects CDM signals of the position information transmitter 200. The detection of the CDM signal of the GPS satellite and the CDM signal of the position information transmitter 200 is obtained by repeating frequency scanning and correlation calculation / demodulation of the CDM code.

  In step S3, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 determines whether there are three or more detected GPS satellite CDM signals.

  When the number of detected GPS satellite CDM signals is three or more, it is determined that the mobile phone 100 including the positioning device 110 is in an outdoor environment, and the process proceeds to step S4. If the number is less than 3, the mobile phone 100 is determined to be in an indoor environment, and the process proceeds to step S5.

  In step S4, the GPS positioning calculation unit 130 performs positioning calculation based on the demodulation results (satellite-terminal distance r) of the CDM signals of a plurality of GPS satellites, and the position calculation unit 150 calculates the terminal position (x, y, z). And this flow ends.

  If the number of detected CDM signals of GPS satellites is less than three, the transmitter location information detector 140 in step S5, based on the demodulation result of the CDM signal from the location information transmitter 200, the terminal location information (x, y, z) is detected, and the position calculation unit 150 obtains the terminal position (x, y, z) and ends this flow.

  The time required from the start of this flow until the positioning calculation is performed by the GPS positioning calculation unit 130 and the terminal position (x, y, z) is obtained is 5 to 30 seconds. In addition, the positioning time from the start of this flow until the terminal position is detected by the transmitter position information detection unit 140 and the terminal position (x, y, z) is obtained is less than 30 seconds. In this way, the terminal position (x, y, z) can be obtained within a maximum of 30 seconds regardless of whether the mobile phone 100 is in an outdoor environment or an indoor environment.

  Although illustration is omitted, in the conventional positioning, when the number of detected CDM signals of GPS satellites is less than 3, combined positioning is performed in which the base station is treated as one of the signal transmission sources. In this composite positioning, for example, signals from all base stations are detected to calculate a base station-terminal distance r2, and a positioning calculation is performed from a plurality of GPS satellite-terminal distances r1 and base station-terminal distances r2 to obtain terminal positions. (X, y, z) is obtained. Since these processes are performed at the base station, the positioning time is 30 seconds to 1 minute.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the comparison between the first embodiment and a conventional composite positioning method.

  As shown to Fig.7 (a), when a terminal exists in an outdoor environment, it is normal GPS positioning, and there is no difference in positioning accuracy and positioning time in this Embodiment and a prior art example. The positioning accuracy is 10 to 100 m, and the positioning time is 5 to 30 seconds.

  On the other hand, when the terminal is in an indoor environment, GPS positioning cannot be performed. This is a comparison between superiority and inferiority between the first embodiment and the conventional composite positioning method. As shown in FIG. 7B, the positioning accuracy is less than 100 m in the first embodiment, whereas the positioning accuracy is 100 m to 1 km in the conventional example, and the positioning accuracy in the first embodiment is high. Moreover, in the first embodiment, since the positioning accuracy depends on the installation interval of the position information transmitter 200, the positioning accuracy can be increased as much as possible by making the installation interval of the position information transmitter 200 closer. Also, the positioning time is less than 30 seconds in the present embodiment, whereas in the conventional example, it is 30 seconds to 1 minute, and the positioning time is short.

  Further, in addition to the above effects, the first embodiment has an excellent effect that there are few changes from the conventional GPS positioning method and it can be realized with low capital investment. For example, a GPS-RF unit having the same configuration as the conventional example can be used. Specifically, the same GPS antenna and RFIC as in the conventional example can be used. However, it is necessary to change the digital processing unit such as the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 in FIGS. However, the point that it is not necessary to add a new receiver is extremely advantageous in terms of cost reduction and ease of implementation. Moreover, although it is necessary to install the positional information transmitter 200, the positional information transmitter 200 does not require high transmitter frequency accuracy. For this reason, the installation cost of the position information transmitter 200 is relatively small, and it is expected that the indoor positioning method of the first embodiment is easy to introduce.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the mobile phone 100 including the positioning device 110 according to the first embodiment. The first embodiment can be regarded as an extended version of the GPS positioning method, and is characterized by an indoor positioning method. A description will be given together with the overall configuration of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, a location information transmitter 200 is installed indoors, and the mobile phone 100 receives a CDM signal emitted from the location information transmitter 200 using a GPS reception function to know the location.

  When GPS positioning cannot be performed, the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200 or the vicinity thereof, which is the reception result of the position information transmitter 200, is set as the terminal position.

  Moreover, URL information including information related to the local map and regional store information other than the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200 is also transmitted as the position information.

  The following operation is performed on the mobile phone 100 side including the positioning device 110.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 demodulates the satellite signal (CDM signal and position information) received by the GPS antenna 111. Specifically, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 performs (1) frequency scanning and (2) despreading using code information (GPS satellite spreading code DG (n) and spreading code D1). In the repetition of the above (1) frequency scanning and (2) despreading processing, GPS positioning and position information of the position information transmitter 200 are acquired.

  Among the demodulation results of the CDM signal and the position information, the GPS signal is output to the GPS positioning calculation unit 130, and the position information of the position information transmitter 200 is output to the transmitter position information detection unit 140. The GPS positioning calculation unit 130 performs GPS positioning calculation.

  The transmitter location information detector 140 detects location information (x, y, z) of the location information transmitter 200 and outputs store information in the vicinity of the location information transmitter 200 based on the transmitted peripheral information. .

  The GPS positioning process result by the GPS positioning calculation unit 130 and the position information (x, y, z) detection result of the position information transmitter 200 by the transmitter position information detection unit 140 are output to the position calculation unit 150 (not shown), The calculation unit 150 calculates the terminal position from these positioning results, and outputs the positioning results to the outside of the positioning device 110. The mobile phone 100 receives the positioning result and displays it on, for example, an LCD display unit (not shown). Further, the position calculation unit 150 outputs store information and the like from the transmitter position information detection unit 140 to the mobile phone 100, and the mobile phone 100 uses the LCD information (not shown) as store information including URL information as convenient information. To display.

  The output of the peripheral information may be, for example, voice notification or a combination of these in addition to the output from the LCD display unit.

  As described in detail above, according to the first embodiment, the positioning system is provided in the mobile phone 100 having the positioning device 110 using GPS satellites and in areas where GPS cannot be received (indoors, dead areas, etc.). And a position information transmitter 200 that transmits the position information of its own device. The position information transmitter 200 transmits a radio signal in the same frequency band as the GPS signal frequency, and the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 of the positioning device 110 includes The GPS satellite signal and the position information signal of the position information transmitter 200 are received by the same receiving circuit, and the position calculator 150 determines the position of the mobile phone 100 based on the GPS positioning calculation result and the position information of the position information transmitter 200. Therefore, indoor positioning can be realized with high accuracy even in a next-generation communication system that cannot perform composite positioning (base station positioning).

  Further, by using the GPS receiver of the mobile phone 100, it is possible to avoid the increase in the cost of the terminal. Further, the terminal does not need to be equipped with a transmission / reception circuit such as WLAN or BT, and can be applied to general purposes.

  Further, since the frequency accuracy of the position information transmitter 200 does not need to be high, the transmitter can be realized at low cost, and there is an effect that the capital investment is small.

  Furthermore, there are few changes from the conventional GPS receiver, and the position information of the position information transmitter 200 can be received only by changing the digital processing.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, the position information transmitter is described as an example for the sake of simplicity, but a plurality of position information transmitters are actually installed. In the second embodiment, an example in which a plurality of position information transmitters are installed and position information (x, y, z) of each position information transmitter is detected will be described. Each position information transmitter is referred to as A1, A2,..., And each position information transmitter A1, A2,... Has the same configuration as the position information transmitter 200 of FIG. However, in order to distinguish each position information transmitter, as described above, the spread code D1 / chip rate C1 of the position information transmitter, and in some cases, the RF band frequency F1 are different.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the distinction when there are a plurality of position information transmitters of the positioning system in which the positioning device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is used.

  In FIG. 9, the spread codes and chip rates of the position information transmitters A1 and A2 are the same, and the frequencies R1 and R2 of the position information transmitters A1 and A2 are changed little by little. In the mobile phone 100 including the positioning device 110, the position information transmitters A1 and A2 can be distinguished by the difference in frequency.

  Further, the cellular phone 100 compares the signal levels of the position information transmitters A1 and A2, and uses the value of the position information (x, y, z) with the higher signal level as the terminal position.

  Alternatively, the cellular phone 100 calculates the weighted average of the position information (x, y, z) using the signal levels of the position information transmitters A1 and A2 as weights, and obtains the terminal position from the weighted average.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a positioning system in which the positioning device according to the second embodiment is used. FIG. 10A illustrates an outdoor environment in which the mobile phone 100 including the positioning device 110 is used. 10 (b) and 10 (c) respectively show indoor positioning methods used in an indoor environment or a blind area. The same components as those in FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 15 of the conventional example, and a wireless base station 5 connected to the wireless base station 3 by optical transmission is installed in the dead area of FIG. 10C. . In the blind area, the base station position (x11, y11) is notified from the radio base station 5 to the mobile phone 100, and the mobile phone 100 can also calculate the position using this (x11, y11).

  10, the positioning system includes a mobile phone 100, position information transmitters A1, A2, A3, A4, and GPS satellites 300 (here, three of the four GPS satellites) arranged above the mobile phone 100. Is mainly composed of.

  The location information transmitters A1, A2, A3, and A4 are transmitters that transmit radio signals in the same band as the GPS signal frequency. The location information transmitters A1 and A2 are indoors in order to know the location of the terminal in an indoor environment. The location information transmitters A3 and A4 are installed in the blind area to know the position of the terminal in the blind area. The position information transmitters A3 and A4 transmit position information (x21, y21) and (x22, y22), respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, the location information transmitters A1 and A2 are installed indoors, and the mobile phone 100 receives the CDM signal transmitted by the location information transmitters A1 and A2 using the GPS reception function. Know the location. 15, the mobile phone 100 can also calculate the position by base station positioning using the base station position (x11, y11) from the radio base station 3.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), location information transmitters A3 and A4 are installed in the blind area, and the mobile phone 100 uses a GPS reception function for CDM signals transmitted by the location information transmitters A3 and A4. To receive and know the position. As in the conventional example of FIG. 15, the mobile phone 100 is positioned by base station positioning using the base station position (x11, y11) from the radio base station 5 connected to the radio base station 3 by optical transmission. Can be calculated.

  The above-mentioned base station positioning that treats the radio base stations 3 and 5 as one of signal transmission sources cannot be used in the OFDM system employed in next-generation mobile communication. In the future, the indoor positioning method of the second embodiment that replaces the base station positioning will be advantageous.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the positioning operation of the positioning system in which the positioning device according to the second embodiment is used.

  In FIG. 11, position information transmitters A1, A2, and A3 are installed in an underground mall. The position information transmitters A1, A2, A3 transmit position information (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) by a CDM signal. The broken lines in FIG. 11 are the transmission areas of the position information transmitters A1, A2, A3.

  In this embodiment, the location information transmitters A1, A2 and A3 transmit one type of CDM signal, and the location information transmitters A1, A2 and A3 change the frequency so that each of the location information transmitters A1, A2 , A3.

  When the mobile phone 100 receives CDM signals from a plurality of position information transmitters, the mobile phone 100 calculates an intermediate location according to the received intensity or selects position information of the position information transmitter having the highest received intensity.

  Here, it is possible to measure the distance from the position information transmitters A1, A2, A3 to the mobile phone 100. However, since this distance measurement requires time accuracy and frequency accuracy of the position information transmitters A1, A2, and A3, it becomes a cost increase factor of the position information transmitter. Therefore, it may be carried out as necessary.

  Further, as in the first embodiment, the location information transmitters A1, A2, A3 can transmit the CDM signal by adding underground city information and store information in addition to the location information (x, y). . The store information is, for example, the URL of the HP of each facility. In this way, it is possible to expect the advertising effect, the effect of attracting customers and the sales promotion effect associated therewith. In addition, this sales promotion effect is effective for the installation cost burden of the location information transmitter.

  As described above, by installing the position information transmitters A1, A2, and A3 indoors (underground shopping mall), indoor positioning can be performed without performing hybrid positioning.

  Further, using the GPS receiver of the mobile phone 100 does not increase the cost of the terminal. In addition, the output power of the position information transmitter may be small, and power consumption can be reduced.

  In addition, in order to acquire position information using an RF tag, BT (Bluetooth) (registered trademark), etc., it is necessary to search for a tag or the like for short-range communication. In contrast, the present embodiment has an advantage that positioning can be automatically performed indoors as part of the GPS positioning procedure.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a positioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG.

  12, the positioning device 410 includes a GPS antenna 111, a GPS signal receiving circuit 120, a GPS positioning calculation unit 130, a transmitter position information detection unit 440, and a position calculation unit 450.

  The GPS antenna 111 receives CDM signals transmitted from a plurality of position information transmitters 200A and 200B. The position information transmitters 200A and 200B include GPS antennas 240A and 240B, and have the same configuration as the position information transmitter 200 of FIG.

  The transmitter position information detector 440 detects position information (x, y, z) of the position information transmitters 200A and 200B. The transmitter position information detection unit 440 includes a signal level detection unit 441, and the signal level detection unit 441 determines the received signal levels of the plurality of position information transmitters 200A and 200B having different center frequencies of the radio signals. taking measurement.

  The position calculation unit 450 calculates the position of the mobile phone based on the GPS positioning calculation result and the position information of the position information transmitters 200A and 200B. The position calculation unit 450 calculates the position by GPS positioning in an outdoor environment. In an indoor environment, the position calculation unit 450 receives a CDM signal emitted from the position information transmitters 200A and 200B using the GPS reception function to know the position. When GPS positioning cannot be performed, the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitters 200A and 200B is set as the position of the mobile phone.

  In addition, the position calculation unit 450 calculates the positioning accuracy from the received signal levels of the position information transmitters 200A and 200B. If the accuracy is lower than the accuracy of the reference position of the base station, the position calculation unit 450 sets the reference position of the base station to the mobile phone. The position of

  Further, when there are signals from a plurality of position information transmitters 200A and 200B that can be received, the position calculation unit 450 sets the position coordinates of the position information transmitter having the highest reception level as the position of the terminal. Alternatively, the position coordinate of the position information transmitter having the highest reception level is stored as a position candidate of the positioning device 410.

  Further, the position calculation unit 450 may calculate a more accurate position from a value obtained by weighting the position of each position information transmitter 200A, 200B with the strength of the reception level.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a positioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG.

  In FIG. 13, the positioning device 510 includes a GPS antenna 111, a GPS signal receiving circuit 120, a GPS positioning calculation unit 130, a transmitter position information detection unit 140, and a position calculation unit 550.

  The position calculation unit 550 calculates the position of the mobile phone based on the GPS positioning calculation result and the position information of the position information transmitter 200. The position calculation unit 550 calculates the position by GPS positioning in an outdoor environment. In an indoor environment, the position calculation unit 550 receives a CDM signal emitted from the position information transmitter 200 using the GPS reception function to know the position. When GPS positioning cannot be performed, the position (x, y, z) of the position information transmitter 200 is set as the position of the mobile phone.

  After GPS signal receiving circuit 120 demodulates the CDM signal of position information transmitter 200, position calculation unit 550 stores position information (coordinates) of position information transmitter 200 as a candidate for the position of the mobile phone. The position calculation unit 550 uses the position information of the position information transmitter 200 as the position of the mobile phone when the positioning result by the GPS satellite is not obtained within a predetermined time.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the positioning operation of the positioning device 510.

  First, in step S11, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 detects CDM signals of all GPS satellites, and in step S12, the GPS positioning calculation unit 130 performs positioning calculation by the GPS satellites.

  In step S13, the position calculation unit 550 determines whether or not the positioning time T by the GPS satellite is within the predetermined time T0. If the positioning time T is within the predetermined time T0, it is determined that the positioning is completed within the predetermined time. Proceeding to step S14, if the positioning time T is greater than the predetermined time T0, it is determined that the positioning has not been completed within the predetermined time, and the process proceeds to step S15.

  In step S14, the position calculation unit 550 determines the GPS positioning result as the position coordinates of the terminal, and ends this flow.

  In step S15, the position calculation unit 550 determines the position information (coordinates) of the position information transmitter 200 as the position coordinates of the mobile phone, and ends this flow.

  On the other hand, when this flow starts, step S21 is also started. In step S21, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 detects the CDM signal of the position information transmitter 200. In step S22, the GPS signal receiving circuit 120 demodulates the position coordinates (x, y) of the position information transmitter 200. Next, in step S23, the position calculation unit 550 stores the position coordinates (x, y) of the position information transmitter 200 as a position candidate of the mobile phone.

  The above description is an illustration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

  Each of the above embodiments is an example applied to a mobile phone, but can be applied to any device as long as it is a terminal having a positioning device. For example, the present invention can be applied not only to a mobile phone / PHS but also to a portable information terminal such as a PDA, an information processing device such as a notebook personal computer, a portable game machine, and a portable AV player.

  In each of the above embodiments, the names positioning device, portable terminal device, position information transmitter, and positioning method are used, but this is for convenience of explanation, positioning receiver, portable wireless device, transmitter, Of course, a composite positioning method may be used.

  Further, the type, number, connection method, and the like of each circuit unit constituting the portable wireless device are not limited to the above-described embodiments.

  The positioning device and the positioning method described above are also realized by a program for causing the positioning method of the positioning device to function. This program is stored in a computer-readable recording medium.

  The positioning device, portable terminal device, positioning system, and positioning method according to the present invention are useful for a positioning device and a positioning system that capture a signal transmitted from a positioning satellite such as GPS. Moreover, it is useful for portable terminal devices such as mobile phones and PHS equipped with this positioning device and positioning method. In addition to GPS positioning systems, it is widely used in positioning systems that transmit multiple satellite signals that are spread by multiple modulated codes such as Galileo system, GLONASS in Russia, WAAS in the United States, MSAS in Japan, EGNOS in Europe, etc. Can be applied.

The figure which shows the structure of the positioning system in which the positioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is used. The block diagram which shows the structure of the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure which shows typically the signal waveform of each stage to the GPS receiver circuit of the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure which shows the structure of the positional information transmitter of the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure explaining the setting of the spreading code of the position information transmitter when the chip rate of the positioning system according to the first embodiment is set to a value other than 1.023 MHz. Flow chart showing the positioning operation of the positioning device according to the first embodiment. The figure which compares and demonstrates the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 1, and the conventional composite positioning system The figure explaining operation | movement of a mobile telephone provided with the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure explaining the distinction when there are a plurality of position information transmitters of the positioning system in which the positioning device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used. The figure which shows the structure of the positioning system by which the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 2 is used. The figure explaining the positioning operation | movement of the positioning system in which the positioning apparatus which concerns on the said Embodiment 2 is used. The block diagram which shows the structure of the positioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the positioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. Flow chart showing the positioning operation of the positioning device according to the fourth embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the communication system of a portable terminal device provided with the conventional positioning apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Mobile phone 110,410,510 Positioning apparatus 111,240 GPS antenna 112 RF frequency F0 local oscillator 113,230,232 Multiplier 114 A / D converter 120 GPS signal receiving circuit 121 Despreading part 122 Spreading code list 123 Frequency Scan unit 124 Scan frequency Fs oscillator 125 RF unit 130 GPS positioning calculation unit 140,440 Transmitter position information detection unit 150,450,550 Position calculation unit 200,200A, 200B Position information transmitter 210 Position information storage unit 220 Digital modulator 231 1.5 GHz band F1 local oscillator 233 amplifier A1-A4 position information transmitter 300 GPS satellite 441 reception level detection unit

Claims (16)

A positioning device that receives a signal from an SPS (Satellite Positioning System) satellite and calculates a position,
When receiving a signal from the SPS satellite and receiving a signal from a position information transmitter that transmits a radio signal in the same frequency band as the signal from the SPS satellite when the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received. Receiving means for
Calculating means for calculating a position based on position information included in a signal from the SPS satellite received by the receiving means and / or a signal from the position information transmitter;
A positioning device comprising:   The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving means receives a spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter different from a spread code of the SPS satellite.   The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving means receives the spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter having a chip rate different from the chip rate of the spread code of the SPS satellite.   The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving means receives the spread spectrum code of the position information transmitter having a chip rate that is 1 / integer of the chip rate of the spread code of the SPS satellite.   The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the reception unit has a frequency scanning function, and includes a despread signal of the position information transmitter in a despread code candidate list of the received signal.   The calculation means stores the position information of the position information transmitter as a position candidate after the radio signal of the position information transmitter is demodulated by the reception means, and positioning by the SPS satellite is not completed within a predetermined time. The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the position is determined based on position information of the position information transmitter.   After the radio signal of the position information transmitter is demodulated by the receiving means, the calculation means stores the position coordinate information of the position information transmitter as a position candidate, and when the positioning by the SPS satellite cannot be performed The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the position is determined based on position coordinates of the position information transmitter. The receiving means receives peripheral information included in the position information of the position information transmitter,
The positioning device according to claim 1, further comprising output means for outputting the acquired peripheral information. The receiving means receives a plurality of radio signals of the position information transmitters having different center frequencies,
A detecting means for detecting a reception level of the plurality of position information transmitters;
The positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the calculating unit stores position information of a position information transmitter having the highest reception level as a position candidate. In a portable terminal device equipped with a positioning device using an SPS satellite,
The portable positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning device is a positioning device according to claim 1. A location information transmitter that is installed at a location where signals from the SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits location information of the location,
A position information transmitter for transmitting the position information by a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite.   The position information transmitter according to claim 11, which transmits a spread spectrum code different from the spread code of the SPS satellite.   The position information transmitter according to claim 11, wherein a spread spectrum code having a chip rate different from a chip rate of the spread code of the SPS satellite is transmitted.   12. The position information transmitter according to claim 11, wherein a spread spectrum code having a chip rate of 1 / integer of a chip rate of the spread code of the SPS satellite is transmitted. A positioning system comprising: a positioning device that receives a signal from an SPS satellite and calculates a position; and a position information transmitter that is installed at a location where the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits the location information of the installed location. There,
The location information transmitter is
The position information is transmitted by a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite,
The positioning device is
When receiving a signal from the SPS satellite and receiving a signal from a position information transmitter that transmits a radio signal in the same frequency band as the signal from the SPS satellite when the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received. Receiving means for
Calculating means for calculating a position based on position information included in a signal from the SPS satellite received by the receiving means and / or a signal from the position information transmitter;
Positioning system with A positioning method in which positioning is performed using a position information transmitter that is installed in a place where a signal from an SPS satellite cannot be received and transmits position information of the installation place,
When the signal from the SPS satellite is received and the signal from the SPS satellite cannot be received, a signal from the position information transmitter that transmits a radio signal in the same frequency band as the frequency of the signal from the SPS satellite is received. Receiving step;
Calculating a position based on position information included in the received signal from the SPS satellite and / or signal from the position information transmitter.

Images