JP2009125790A - Monitoring apparatus of arc welding - Google Patents

Monitoring apparatus of arc welding Download PDF

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JP2009125790A
JP2009125790A JP2007305806A JP2007305806A JP2009125790A JP 2009125790 A JP2009125790 A JP 2009125790A JP 2007305806 A JP2007305806 A JP 2007305806A JP 2007305806 A JP2007305806 A JP 2007305806A JP 2009125790 A JP2009125790 A JP 2009125790A
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arc
arc welding
imaging
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Yasushi Yoneda
康司 米田
Akira Okamoto
陽 岡本
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely detect various welding state such as a state of arc generation, a state of molten pool and a shape of bead after welding. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus comprises two imaging means 10A, 10B to image a circumference of arc weld, a first band-pass filter 3 which is installed in an imaging range of one of the imaging means 10A and has a band-pass property in an infrared light wavelength region, a second band-pass filter 4 which is installed in an imaging range of the imaging means 10B and has a band-pass property in an ultraviolet light wavelength region, an illuminating means 5 having an emission spectrum of ultraviolet light wavelength region, an image composing means 6 to compose images taken by both imaging means 10A, 10B and an image display means 8 to display the image composed by the image composing means 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、アーク溶接の監視装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an arc welding monitoring device.

従来より、２つの部材同士を溶接して結合するアーク溶接は、様々な分野で利用されており、適切な溶接を行うために、アークの発生状態、アークスポット点付近で溶け出した溶融金属の状態（言い換えれば、金属が溶け出した溶融池の状態）、溶接後のビード形状などの様々な溶接状況を確実に把握することは、必要不可欠なものとされている。アーク溶接の溶接状況を把握するものとして特許文献１に開示されているものがある。
この特許文献１の溶接領域の監視装置は、溶接領域を撮像する撮像手段と、撮像手段の中又は前方に設けられたフィルタと、紫外線を放射可能で溶接領域を照明する照明手段と、紫外線の波長範囲内の波長をフィルタリングするバンドバスフィルタとを備えているものである。
特表２００５−５２２３３２号公報 Conventionally, arc welding, in which two members are welded together, has been used in various fields. In order to perform appropriate welding, the state of arc generation and the molten metal that has melted out near the arc spot point have been used. It is indispensable to reliably grasp various welding conditions such as the state (in other words, the state of the molten pool from which the metal has melted) and the bead shape after welding. There exists what is disclosed by patent document 1 as what grasps | ascertains the welding condition of arc welding.
The welding region monitoring device of Patent Document 1 includes an imaging unit that images a welding region, a filter provided in or in front of the imaging unit, an illumination unit that can radiate ultraviolet rays and illuminates the welding region, And a band-pass filter that filters wavelengths within the wavelength range.
JP 2005-522332 A

特許文献１の技術では、紫外線領域におけるアークの発生状態を撮像することができるものの、溶接時の溶融池における溶融金属のスペクトル強度をプランクの放射則から考えると、そのスペクトル強度は紫外線領域では非常に小さいため、溶融池の状態をコントラストよく撮像することができないという問題がある。
しかも、特許文献１の技術では、輝度の非常に高いアーク（輝線スペクトルが高い部分）を撮像しているだけであって、溶接後のビード形状など、アークや溶融池以外の周囲を見ることができない。 Although the technique of Patent Document 1 can capture the state of arc occurrence in the ultraviolet region, considering the spectral intensity of the molten metal in the molten pool during welding from Planck's radiation law, the spectral intensity is extremely high in the ultraviolet region. Therefore, there is a problem that the state of the molten pool cannot be imaged with good contrast.
Moreover, in the technique of Patent Document 1, only an arc with a very high brightness (a portion with a high emission line spectrum) is imaged, and the surroundings other than the arc and the molten pool, such as a bead shape after welding, can be seen. Can not.

そこで、本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、アークの発生状態、溶融池の状態、溶接後のビード形状などの様々な溶接状況を確実に把握することができるアーク溶接の監視装置を提供するようにしたものである。   Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides an arc welding monitoring device capable of reliably grasping various welding conditions such as an arc generation state, a molten pool state, and a bead shape after welding. It is a thing.

前記目的を達成するため、本発明においては以下の技術的手段を講じた。
即ち、本発明における課題解決のための技術的手段は、アーク溶接の状況を監視するアーク溶接の監視装置において、前記アーク溶接の周囲を撮像する２つの撮像手段と、赤外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有していて前記一方の撮像手段に対して設けられた第１バンドパスフィルタと、紫外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有していて前記他方の撮像手段に対して設けられた第２バンドパスフィルタと、前記第２バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域の発光スペクトルを有し且つアーク溶接の周囲を照明する照明手段と、前記２つの撮像手段で撮像した画像を合成する画像合成手段と、前記画像合成手段で合成された画像を表示する画像表示手段とを備えている点にある。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical means.
That is, the technical means for solving the problems in the present invention are an arc welding monitoring apparatus for monitoring the state of arc welding, two imaging means for imaging the periphery of the arc welding, and bandpass characteristics in the infrared wavelength region. A first bandpass filter provided for the one image pickup means and a second bandpass provided for the other image pickup means having a bandpass characteristic in the ultraviolet wavelength region. A filter, an illuminating means having an emission spectrum in the transmission band of the second bandpass filter and illuminating the periphery of arc welding, an image synthesizing means for synthesizing images taken by the two imaging means, and the image synthesis Image display means for displaying an image synthesized by the means.

前記第１バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域は、アーク及び溶融金属のスペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定され、第２バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域は、アークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定されていることが好ましい。
本発明における課題解決のための他の技術的手段は、アーク溶接の状況を監視するアーク溶接の監視装置において、前記アーク溶接の周囲を撮像する１つの撮像手段と、赤外線波長領域をバンドパスする第１特性及び紫外線波長領域をバンドパスする第２特性をそれぞれ備えた１つのバンドパスフィルタと、前記第２特性内の発光スペクトルを有し且つアーク溶接の周囲を照明する照明手段と、前記撮像手段で撮像した画像を表示する画像表示手段とを備えている点にある。 The transmission band of the first bandpass filter is set in the spectral region of the arc and molten metal so as to deviate from the emission line spectrum of the arc, and the transmission band of the second bandpass filter is excluded from the emission line spectrum of the arc. It is preferable that it is set.
Another technical means for solving the problems in the present invention is an arc welding monitoring apparatus for monitoring the state of arc welding, and one imaging means for imaging the surroundings of the arc welding and bandpass the infrared wavelength region. One band-pass filter each having a first characteristic and a second characteristic that band-passes the ultraviolet wavelength region, an illuminating means that has an emission spectrum within the second characteristic and illuminates the surroundings of arc welding, and the imaging Image display means for displaying an image captured by the means.

前記第１特性は、その透過帯域がアーク及び溶融金属のスペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定され、第２特性は、その透過帯域がアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定されていることが好ましい。
前記バンドパスフィルタの中心部が第１特性とされ、前記中心部の回りが第２特性とされていることが好ましい。
前記撮像手段は、赤外線の波長領域の強度が紫外線の波長領域の強度よりも大となるスペクトル分布を備えたアーク溶接の状況を撮像することが好ましい。 The first characteristic is set so that its transmission band falls within the arc and molten metal spectral region and deviates from the arc line spectrum, and the second characteristic is set so that its transmission band deviates from the arc line spectrum. It is preferable.
It is preferable that a center portion of the bandpass filter has a first characteristic and a portion around the center portion has a second characteristic.
The imaging means preferably images an arc welding situation having a spectral distribution in which the intensity in the infrared wavelength region is greater than the intensity in the ultraviolet wavelength region.

本発明によれば、アークの発生状態、溶融池の状態、溶接後のビード形状などの様々な溶接状況を確実に把握することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, various welding conditions, such as the generation | occurrence | production state of an arc, the state of a molten pool, the bead shape after welding, can be grasped | ascertained reliably.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づき説明する。
［第１実施形態］
図１に示すように、本発明の第１実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置１（１Ａ）は、アークの発生状態、溶融池の状態、溶接後のビード形状などの様々な溶接状況を把握するもので、２台の撮像装置２、２と、第１バンドパスフィルタ３と、第２バンドパスフィルタ４と、照明手段５と、画像合成手段６を有する制御装置７と、画像表示手段８とを備えている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the arc welding monitoring device 1 (1 </ b> A) according to the first embodiment of the present invention grasps various welding conditions such as an arc generation state, a molten pool state, and a bead shape after welding. The two imaging devices 2, 2, the first band pass filter 3, the second band pass filter 4, the illumination means 5, the control device 7 having the image composition means 6, and the image display means 8. And has.

各撮像装置２、２は溶接を行うための溶接トーチ９の近傍に配置されていて、その内部に結像レンズ１４と、フレーム画像を撮像するための撮像手段１０とを備えている。この撮像手段１０は各撮像装置２、２内に具備されたＣＣＤ素子から構成されている。
以降、説明の便宜上、２台の撮像装置２、２のうち、一方の撮像装置２Ａのことを第１ＣＣＤカメラと言い、他方の撮像装置２Ｂを第２ＣＣＤカメラという。
第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａの撮像中心と第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂの撮像中心とは略同一の位置に向けられていて、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａは、アークＡの発生状態や溶融池Ｂの状態を撮像するためのもの、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂは、溶接後のビードＣや部材同士の接合線（溶接予定線Ｄ）を撮像するためのものとされている。 Each imaging device 2, 2 is disposed in the vicinity of a welding torch 9 for performing welding, and includes an imaging lens 14 and an imaging means 10 for capturing a frame image therein. The imaging means 10 is composed of CCD elements provided in the imaging devices 2 and 2.
Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, of the two imaging devices 2 and 2, one imaging device 2A is referred to as a first CCD camera, and the other imaging device 2B is referred to as a second CCD camera.
The imaging center of the first CCD camera 2A and the imaging center of the second CCD camera 2B are directed to substantially the same position, and the first CCD camera 2A is for imaging the occurrence state of the arc A and the state of the molten pool B. The second CCD camera 2B is for imaging the welded bead C and a joining line (scheduled welding line D) between members.

第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａ（第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａ）で撮像したアークＡの発生状態や溶融池Ｂの状態のフレーム画像は、制御装置７に入力されると共に、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂ（第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂ）で撮像した溶接後のビードＣの形状や溶接予定線Ｄのフレーム画像は、制御装置７に入力されるようになっている。
第１バンドパスフィルタ３は、赤外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有するものであって第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａに対応して設けられている。即ち、第１バンドパスフィルタ３は、第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａに入射される入射光の範囲に亘って配置されていて、例えば、入射光が通過する第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａの結像レンズ１４の前方に配置されている。 The frame image of the state of arc A and the state of the molten pool B captured by the first CCD camera 2A (first CCD element 10A) is input to the control device 7 and captured by the second CCD camera 2B (second CCD element 10B). The shape of the welded bead C and the frame image of the planned welding line D are input to the control device 7.
The first bandpass filter 3 has a bandpass characteristic in the infrared wavelength region, and is provided corresponding to the first CCD element 10A. That is, the first band pass filter 3 is disposed over the range of incident light incident on the first CCD element 10A, and is disposed, for example, in front of the imaging lens 14 of the first CCD camera 2A through which the incident light passes. Has been.

第２バンドパスフィルタ４は、紫外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有するものであって第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂに対応して設けられている。即ち、第２バンドパスフィルタ４は、第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂに入射される入射光の範囲に亘って配置されていて、例えば、入射光が通過する第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂの結像レンズ１４の前方に配置されている。
なお、第１バンドパスフィルタ３は、第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａに入射される入射光の範囲内であれば、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａの前方だけでなく第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａの前方に配置されていてもよい。同様に、第２バンドパスフィルタ４は、第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂに入射される入射光の範囲であれば、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂの前方だけでなく第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂの前方に配置されていてもよい。 The second band pass filter 4 has a band pass characteristic in the ultraviolet wavelength region, and is provided corresponding to the second CCD element 10B. That is, the second band pass filter 4 is disposed over the range of incident light incident on the second CCD element 10B, and is disposed, for example, in front of the imaging lens 14 of the second CCD camera 2B through which the incident light passes. Has been.
The first bandpass filter 3 may be disposed not only in front of the first CCD camera 2A but also in front of the first CCD element 10A as long as it is within the range of incident light incident on the first CCD element 10A. Similarly, the second bandpass filter 4 may be disposed not only in front of the second CCD camera 2B but also in front of the second CCD element 10B as long as it is in the range of incident light incident on the second CCD element 10B.

第１バンドパスフィルタ３、第２バンドパスフィルタ４について説明する。図２は２つの部材同士をアーク溶接した際の発光スペクトルの分布（分光特性）を示したものである。
図２に示すように、アーク溶接時には、赤外線領域（７００ｎｍ）以上においては、強度の高い輝線スペクトルＳ１が存在すると共に、スペクトル強度が紫外線領域（４００ｎｍ）よりも高い領域Ｓ２が存在する。
アークは、溶接時において放電電流自身、放電電流によるシールドガスの励起、電離、再結合に伴って特定のピーク波長を有する発光をするため、赤外線領域における輝線スペクトルＳ１が発生する。また、アーク溶接時の金属の溶融温度は約１８００Ｋであり、プランクの放射則に従う赤外線領域にピークをもつ連続スペクトルであることを考慮すると、スペクトル強度が高い部分Ｓ２の主成分は溶融金属（溶融池Ｂの溶融金属）の放射によるものである。 The first bandpass filter 3 and the second bandpass filter 4 will be described. FIG. 2 shows the distribution (spectral characteristics) of the emission spectrum when two members are arc welded together.
As shown in FIG. 2, at the time of arc welding, in the infrared region (700 nm) or more, a bright line spectrum S1 having a high intensity exists, and a region S2 having a spectral intensity higher than the ultraviolet region (400 nm) exists.
The arc emits light having a specific peak wavelength with the discharge current itself, excitation of the shield gas by the discharge current, ionization, and recombination at the time of welding, so that an emission line spectrum S1 in the infrared region is generated. Also, considering that the melting temperature of the metal during arc welding is about 1800 K and is a continuous spectrum having a peak in the infrared region according to Planck's radiation law, the main component of the portion S2 having a high spectral intensity is the molten metal (molten) This is due to the radiation of molten metal in pond B).

そこで、本発明では、発光スペクトルの分布から第１ＣＣＤカメラ２ＡによってアークＡの発生状態や溶融池Ｂの状態をコントラスト良く撮像するために、第１バンドパスフィルタ３の透過帯域Ｐ１を、アーク及び溶融金属のスペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルＳ１から外れるように設定している。
具体的には、第１バンドパスフィルタ３は、その透過帯域Ｐ１が輝線スペクトルＳ１とオバーラップしないで、且つ、溶融池Ｂの放射によるスペクトル強度が高い部分Ｓ２に位置するように、例えば、８１０ｎｍ（半値幅１０ｎｍ）の光を透過するものとされている。ここで、第１バンドパスフィルタ３は、スペクトル強度が高い部分Ｓ２の領域内において、スペクトル強度が低くなる部分に配置することが好ましい。 Therefore, in the present invention, in order to image the generation state of the arc A and the state of the molten pool B with the first CCD camera 2A with good contrast from the distribution of the emission spectrum, the transmission band P1 of the first bandpass filter 3 is set to arc and melt. It is set so as to be out of the arc spectral line S1 within the metal spectral region.
Specifically, the first bandpass filter 3 is, for example, 810 nm (so that the transmission band P1 does not overlap the bright line spectrum S1 and is located in the portion S2 where the spectral intensity due to the radiation of the molten pool B is high. The half-value width is 10 nm). Here, the first band pass filter 3 is preferably arranged in a portion where the spectral intensity is low in the region S2 where the spectral intensity is high.

なお、第１バンドパスフィルタ３の透過帯域Ｐ１が輝線スペクトルＳ１とオバーラップしない領域であれば、発光を抑えた状態でアークＡの発生状態を撮像することができるため、第１バンドパスフィルタ３は上記に限らず、輝線スペクトルから外れ且つ溶融池Ｂの放射の波長内であれば、例えば、９５０ｎｍであってもよい。
一方で、紫外線領域においては、アーク放電による輝線スペクトルＳ１は殆ど存在せず、スペクトル強度も高くないことから、当該紫外線領域にて溶接後のビードＣの形状や溶接予定線Ｄを撮像することにしている。即ち、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂによって溶接後のビードＣ形状や溶接予定線Ｄをコンストラスト良く撮像するために、第２バンドパスフィルタ４の透過帯域Ｐ２を、アークの輝線スペクトルＳ１から外れた紫外線領域に設定している。第２バンドパスフィルタ４は、例えば、４３６ｎｍ（半値幅ｎｍ）の光を透過するものとされている。 If the transmission band P1 of the first bandpass filter 3 is an area that does not overlap with the bright line spectrum S1, the first bandpass filter 3 can capture an image of the occurrence state of the arc A while suppressing light emission. For example, it may be 950 nm as long as it is outside the emission line spectrum and within the wavelength of the radiation of the molten pool B.
On the other hand, in the ultraviolet region, there is almost no bright line spectrum S1 due to arc discharge and the spectral intensity is not high, so the shape of the bead C after welding and the planned welding line D are imaged in the ultraviolet region. ing. That is, in order to image the welded bead C shape and the planned welding line D with a good contrast by the second CCD camera 2B, the transmission band P2 of the second bandpass filter 4 is placed in an ultraviolet region outside the arc emission line spectrum S1. It is set. For example, the second band pass filter 4 transmits light of 436 nm (half-value width nm).

なお、紫外線領域においても、アーク放電による若干の発光が存在することがあるが、そのスペクトル強度が赤外線に比べて非常に小さく、且つ、溶融金属の放射も小さいので、第２バンドパスフィルタ４を紫外線領域に設定することは、アーク放電以外を観察するために非常に有効である。また、紫外線領域にアーク発光による輝線スペクトルＳ１が存在する場合は、紫外線領域において、第２バンドパスフィルタ４の透過帯域Ｐ２が、輝線スペクトルＳ１とオバーラップしない領域にするのが好ましい。
上述したように、本発明では、赤外線の波長領域の強度が紫外線の波長領域の強度よりも大となる図２に示すようなスペクトル分布を備えたアーク溶接の状況を撮像している。 Even in the ultraviolet region, there may be some light emission due to arc discharge, but the spectrum intensity is very small compared to infrared rays and the emission of molten metal is also small. Setting to the ultraviolet region is very effective for observing other than arc discharge. Further, when the bright line spectrum S1 due to arc emission is present in the ultraviolet region, it is preferable that the transmission band P2 of the second bandpass filter 4 is a region that does not overlap with the bright line spectrum S1 in the ultraviolet region.
As described above, in the present invention, an image of arc welding having a spectral distribution as shown in FIG. 2 in which the intensity in the infrared wavelength region is larger than the intensity in the ultraviolet wavelength region is captured.

照明手段５は、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂで撮像する際に撮像した画像を鮮明にするためのものであって、紫外線波長領域の発光スペクトルを有している。具体的には、照明手段５は、輝線スペクトルが存在する水銀灯や紫外線ランプであって、その中心波長は、第２バンドパスフィルタ４の透過帯域Ｐ２内（例えば、４３６ｎｍ）に設定されている。
制御装置７は、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａ、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂ、溶接トーチ９、照明手段５等を制御するものであって、例えば、パソコンやワークステーション等から構成されている。この制御装置７は、例えば、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａや第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂの絞りや照明手段５のＯＮ／ＯＦＦ等の制御を行う。制御装置７には、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａで撮像したフレーム画像と、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂで撮像したフレーム画像とを合成する画像合成手段６が設けられている。画像合成手段６は、例えば、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａと第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂの画像内で共通した基準点（オフセット点）を設定しておき、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａのフレーム画像の基準点と第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂのフレーム画像の基準点とを一致させることで両者の画像の合成を行う。 The illuminating means 5 is for clarifying an image picked up by the second CCD camera 2B and has an emission spectrum in the ultraviolet wavelength region. Specifically, the illumination unit 5 is a mercury lamp or an ultraviolet lamp in which an emission line spectrum exists, and the center wavelength thereof is set within the transmission band P2 (for example, 436 nm) of the second bandpass filter 4.
The control device 7 controls the first CCD camera 2A, the second CCD camera 2B, the welding torch 9, the illumination means 5, and the like, and is composed of, for example, a personal computer or a workstation. The control device 7 controls, for example, the aperture of the first CCD camera 2A and the second CCD camera 2B, ON / OFF of the illumination means 5, and the like. The control device 7 is provided with an image synthesizing unit 6 that synthesizes a frame image captured by the first CCD camera 2A and a frame image captured by the second CCD camera 2B. For example, the image composition means 6 sets a common reference point (offset point) in the images of the first CCD camera 2A and the second CCD camera 2B, and the reference point of the frame image of the first CCD camera 2A and the second CCD camera 2B. By matching the reference points of the frame images, the two images are combined.

画像表示手段８は、画像合成手段６で合成された画像を表示するもので、例えば、ワークステーションに接続されたモニタで構成されている。
以上、アーク溶接の監視装置１によれば、第１ＣＣＤカメラ２Ａ及び第１バンドパスフィルタ３によって、アークスポット点の周辺の状況（アークＡの発生状態や溶融池Ｂの状態）を精度良く撮像することができ、これらの状況をモニタ８により監視することができる。
また、第２ＣＣＤカメラ２Ｂ、第２バンドパスフィルタ４及び水銀灯によって、溶接後の状況及び溶接前の状況（ビードＢの形状や溶接予定線Ｄの状態）を精度良く撮像することができ、これらの状況をモニタ８により監視することができる。
［第２実施形態］
図３は、第２実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置１（１Ｂ）の構成図を示したものである。この監視装置１Ｂは、第１実施形態と比べ撮像装置の構成が異なるものである。なお、第１実施形態と同様の構成であるものは同一符号を付して説明を省略する。 The image display means 8 displays the image synthesized by the image synthesis means 6 and is composed of, for example, a monitor connected to a workstation.
As described above, according to the arc welding monitoring apparatus 1, the first CCD camera 2 </ b> A and the first bandpass filter 3 accurately capture the situation around the arc spot point (the occurrence state of the arc A and the state of the molten pool B). These conditions can be monitored by the monitor 8.
Further, the second CCD camera 2B, the second bandpass filter 4 and the mercury lamp can accurately capture the situation after welding and the situation before welding (the shape of the bead B and the state of the planned welding line D). The situation can be monitored by the monitor 8.
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of the arc welding monitoring apparatus 1 (1B) according to the second embodiment. The monitoring device 1B is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the imaging device. In addition, what is the same structure as 1st Embodiment attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.

監視装置１Ｂは１台の撮像装置１８を備えたものであって、この撮像装置１８はアークＡの発生状態や溶融池Ｂの状態を撮像でき、且つ、溶接後のビードＣの形状や溶接予定線Ｄを撮像することができる位置（アーク溶接の全体を取りこめる位置）に設定されている。
撮像装置１８は、アーク溶接の全体を取り込む結像レンズ１５と、ビームスプリッタ１６、第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａと、第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂとを備えている。
ビームスプリッタ１６は、結像レンズ１５から取り込まれた撮像を２方向に分離するもので、ハーフミラーから構成されている。第１ＣＣＤ素子１０Ａは、第１バンドパスフィルタ３を通過した入射光（撮像）を取り込むもので、アークＡ及び溶融池Ｂ周辺の撮像が取り込まれる。第２ＣＣＤ素子１０Ｂは、第２バンドパスフィルタ４を通過した入射光（撮像）を取り込むもので、溶接後のビードＣの形状及び溶接予定線Ｄの周辺の撮像が取り込まれる。 The monitoring device 1B is provided with a single imaging device 18, and this imaging device 18 can image the occurrence state of the arc A and the state of the molten pool B, and the shape of the bead C after welding and the welding schedule. It is set at a position where the line D can be imaged (a position where the entire arc welding can be incorporated).
The imaging device 18 includes an imaging lens 15 that captures the whole of arc welding, a beam splitter 16, a first CCD element 10A, and a second CCD element 10B.
The beam splitter 16 separates the image captured from the imaging lens 15 in two directions, and is composed of a half mirror. The first CCD element 10 </ b> A captures incident light (imaging) that has passed through the first bandpass filter 3, and captures images around the arc A and the molten pool B. The second CCD element 10B captures incident light (imaging) that has passed through the second bandpass filter 4, and captures the shape of the bead C after welding and the surroundings of the planned welding line D.

第２実施形態によれば、１台の撮像装置１８によって、アークＡ及び溶融池Ｂ周辺とビードＣ及び溶接予定線Ｄの周辺との両方を撮像することができる。
［第３実施形態］
図４は、第３実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置１（１Ｃ）の構成図を示したものである。この監視装置１Ｃでは、第１実施形態及び第２実施形態と比べ撮像装置、撮像手段、バンドパスフィルタの構成が異なるものである。
監視装置１Ｃは、第２実施形態と同様に１台の撮像装置１９を備えたものであって、この撮像装置１９はアーク溶接の全体を取りこめる位置に設定されている。 According to the second embodiment, it is possible to image both the arc A and the weld pool B and the bead C and the weld planned line D with a single imaging device 18.
[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 4 shows a configuration diagram of the arc welding monitoring apparatus 1 (1C) according to the third embodiment. This monitoring device 1C is different from the first and second embodiments in the configurations of the imaging device, the imaging means, and the band-pass filter.
The monitoring device 1C includes one imaging device 19 as in the second embodiment, and the imaging device 19 is set at a position where the entire arc welding can be incorporated.

撮像装置１９は、アーク溶接の全体を取り込む結像レンズ１５と、この結像レンズ１５から取りこまれた撮像部分を取り込む１つのＣＣＤ素子（撮像手段）１０と、バンドパスフィルタ２０とを備えている。
図５に示すように、バンドパスフィルタ２０は、第１実施形態及び第２実施形態における第１バンドパスフィルタ３と第２バンドパスフィルタ４とを一体化したものであって、第１バンドパスフィルタ３に対応する赤外線波長領域のバンドパス（透過帯域）を有する第１特性２０Ａと、第２バンドパスフィルタ４に対応する紫外線波長領域のバンドパス（透過帯域）を有する第２特性２０Ｂとを備えている。 The imaging device 19 includes an imaging lens 15 that captures the entire arc welding, one CCD element (imaging means) 10 that captures an imaging portion captured from the imaging lens 15, and a bandpass filter 20. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 5, the bandpass filter 20 is obtained by integrating the first bandpass filter 3 and the second bandpass filter 4 in the first and second embodiments, and includes a first bandpass filter. A first characteristic 20A having a bandpass (transmission band) in the infrared wavelength region corresponding to the filter 3 and a second characteristic 20B having a bandpass (transmission band) in the ultraviolet wavelength region corresponding to the second bandpass filter 4. I have.

バンドパスフィルタ２０は矩形状に形成されたもので、バンドパスフィルタ２０の中心部に円形状の第１特性２０Ａが設けられ、第１特性２０Ａの回りに第２特性２０Ｂが設けられている。このバンドパスフィルタ２０の第１特性２０Ａは、上述した第１バンドパスフィルタ３と同様に、第１特性２０Ａの透過帯域Ｐ１がアーク及び溶融金属のスペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルＳ１から外れるように設定されている。また、バンドパスフィルタ２０の第２特性２０Ｂは、第２バンドパスフィルタ４と同様に、第２特性２０Ｂの透過帯域Ｐ２がアークの輝線スペクトルＳ１から外れるように設定されている。   The band-pass filter 20 is formed in a rectangular shape. A circular first characteristic 20A is provided at the center of the band-pass filter 20, and a second characteristic 20B is provided around the first characteristic 20A. The first characteristic 20A of the band-pass filter 20 is similar to the first band-pass filter 3 described above. The transmission band P1 of the first characteristic 20A is out of the arc and molten metal spectral region and from the arc emission line spectrum S1. Is set to Similarly to the second bandpass filter 4, the second characteristic 20B of the bandpass filter 20 is set so that the transmission band P2 of the second characteristic 20B deviates from the arc emission line spectrum S1.

このバンドパスフィルタ２０はＣＣＤ素子１０の前方に配置されている。
図６に示すように、撮像装置１９で撮像した際に第１特性２０Ａ内にアーク及び溶融池Ｂの周囲がくるように、第１特性２０Ａ内の領域の大きさ及び当該バンドパスフィルタ２０のＣＣＤ素子１０に対する位置が設定される。また、撮像装置１９で撮像した際に第２特性２０Ｂ内にビードＣ及び溶接予定線Ｄの周辺の周囲がくるように、第２特性２０Ｂ内の領域の大きさ及び当該バンドパスフィルタ２０のＣＣＤ素子１０に対する位置が設定される。 The band pass filter 20 is disposed in front of the CCD element 10.
As shown in FIG. 6, the size of the region in the first characteristic 20 </ b> A and the band-pass filter 20 so that the periphery of the arc and the molten pool B is in the first characteristic 20 </ b> A when the image is taken by the imaging device 19. A position with respect to the CCD element 10 is set. Further, the size of the region in the second characteristic 20B and the CCD of the bandpass filter 20 are arranged so that the periphery of the bead C and the planned welding line D is in the second characteristic 20B when the image is taken by the image pickup device 19. A position with respect to the element 10 is set.

照明手段５の発光スペクトルは、上述した第２バンドパスフィルタ４と同様に第２特性２０Ｂの透過帯域内に設定されている。
第３実施形態によれば、１枚のバンドパスフィルタ２０と１台のＣＣＤ素子によって、アークＡ及び溶融池Ｂ周辺と、ビードＣ及び溶接予定線Ｄの周辺との両方を撮像することができ、画像合成手段は不要である。 The emission spectrum of the illuminating means 5 is set within the transmission band of the second characteristic 20B as in the second bandpass filter 4 described above.
According to the third embodiment, it is possible to image both the periphery of the arc A and the molten pool B and the periphery of the bead C and the planned welding line D by one band pass filter 20 and one CCD element. No image synthesizing means is necessary.

本発明の第１実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置の構成図である。It is a lineblock diagram of a monitoring device of arc welding concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. アーク溶接時における発光スペクトルの分布図である。It is a distribution map of the emission spectrum at the time of arc welding. 本発明の第２実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the monitoring apparatus of the arc welding which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 第３実施形態に係るアーク溶接の監視装置の撮像手段の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the imaging means of the monitoring apparatus of the arc welding which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. バンドパスフィルタの構成図である。It is a block diagram of a band pass filter. 撮像状態を示した撮像図である。It is the imaging figure which showed the imaging state.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 監視装置
２ 撮像装置
２Ａ 第１ＣＣＤカメラ
２Ｂ 第２ＣＣＤカメラ
３ 第１バンドパスフィルタ
４ 第２バンドパスフィルタ
５ 照明手段
６ 画像合成手段
１０ 撮像手段
１０Ａ 第１ＣＣＤ素子
１０Ｂ 第２ＣＣＤ素子 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Monitoring apparatus 2 Imaging device 2A 1st CCD camera 2B 2nd CCD camera 3 1st band pass filter 4 2nd band pass filter 5 Illumination means 6 Image composition means 10 Imaging means 10A 1st CCD element 10B 2nd CCD element

Claims (6)

アーク溶接の状況を監視するアーク溶接の監視装置において、
前記アーク溶接の周囲を撮像する２つの撮像手段と、
赤外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有していて前記一方の撮像手段に対して設けられた第１バンドパスフィルタと、
紫外線波長領域のバンドパス特性を有していて前記他方の撮像手段に対して設けられた第２バンドパスフィルタと、
前記第２バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域の発光スペクトルを有し且つアーク溶接の周囲を照明する照明手段と、
前記２つの撮像手段で撮像した画像を合成する画像合成手段と、
前記画像合成手段で合成された画像を表示する画像表示手段とを備えていることを特徴とするアーク溶接の監視装置。 In the arc welding monitoring device that monitors the status of arc welding,
Two imaging means for imaging the periphery of the arc welding;
A first bandpass filter having a bandpass characteristic in the infrared wavelength region and provided for the one imaging means;
A second bandpass filter having a bandpass characteristic in the ultraviolet wavelength region and provided for the other imaging means;
Illuminating means having an emission spectrum in the transmission band of the second bandpass filter and illuminating the periphery of the arc welding;
Image synthesizing means for synthesizing images taken by the two imaging means;
An arc welding monitoring apparatus, comprising: an image display means for displaying an image synthesized by the image synthesizing means. 前記第１バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域は、アーク及び溶融金属の発光スペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定され、第２バンドパスフィルタの透過帯域は、アークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のアーク溶接の監視装置。   The transmission band of the first band-pass filter is set in the emission spectrum region of the arc and the molten metal so as to be out of the emission line spectrum of the arc, and the transmission band of the second band-pass filter is out of the emission line spectrum of the arc. The apparatus for monitoring arc welding according to claim 1, wherein アーク溶接の状況を監視するアーク溶接の監視装置において、
前記アーク溶接の周囲を撮像する１つの撮像手段と、
赤外線波長領域をバンドパスする第１特性及び紫外線波長領域をバンドパスする第２特性をそれぞれ備えた１つのバンドパスフィルタと、
前記第２特性内の発光スペクトルを有し且つアーク溶接の周囲を照明する照明手段と、
前記撮像手段で撮像した画像を表示する画像表示手段とを備えていることを特徴とするアーク溶接の監視装置。 In the arc welding monitoring device that monitors the status of arc welding,
One imaging means for imaging the periphery of the arc welding;
One band pass filter each having a first characteristic that band-passes the infrared wavelength region and a second characteristic that band-passes the ultraviolet wavelength region;
Illuminating means having an emission spectrum within the second characteristic and illuminating the periphery of arc welding;
An arc welding monitoring apparatus, comprising: an image display unit that displays an image captured by the imaging unit. 前記第１特性は、その透過帯域がアーク及び溶融金属のスペクトル領域内で且つアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定され、第２特性は、その透過帯域がアークの輝線スペクトルから外れるように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のアーク溶接の監視装置。   The first characteristic is set so that its transmission band falls within the arc and molten metal spectral region and deviates from the arc line spectrum, and the second characteristic is set so that its transmission band deviates from the arc line spectrum. The arc welding monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring device is an arc welding monitoring device. 前記バンドパスフィルタの中心部が第１特性とされ、前記中心部の回りが第２特性とされていることを特徴とする請求項３又は４に記載のアーク溶接の監視装置。   5. The arc welding monitoring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a center portion of the bandpass filter has a first characteristic and a periphery of the center portion has a second characteristic. 6. 前記撮像手段は、赤外線の波長領域の強度が紫外線の波長領域の強度よりも大となるスペクトル分布を備えたアーク溶接の状況を撮像することを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載のアーク溶接の監視装置。   6. The imaging unit according to claim 1, wherein the imaging unit images an arc welding situation having a spectral distribution in which an intensity in an infrared wavelength region is larger than an intensity in an ultraviolet wavelength region. Arc welding monitoring device.
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