JP2009038948A - Power supply device in industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Power supply device in industrial vehicle Download PDF

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JP2009038948A
JP2009038948A JP2007203725A JP2007203725A JP2009038948A JP 2009038948 A JP2009038948 A JP 2009038948A JP 2007203725 A JP2007203725 A JP 2007203725A JP 2007203725 A JP2007203725 A JP 2007203725A JP 2009038948 A JP2009038948 A JP 2009038948A
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power supply
battery
charging
vehicle
changeover switch
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Hironori Takenaka
裕憲 竹中
Yuichi Yanagi
勇一 柳
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TCM Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device in an industrial vehicle facilitating charging. <P>SOLUTION: In this power supply device, two batteries 1, 1 are connected in series to the vehicle-side electric load 2 via electrical wirings 3, and change-over switches 13 (13A, 13B), each having two open/close contacts 11, 12, are disposed in the middle of the electric wiring 3 on one electrode terminal side of each battery 1, respectively. Second open/close contacts 12 different from first open/close contacts 11 connected to the electrical wirings 3 of these respective change-over switches 13 and the middle of the electrical wiring 3 on the other electrode terminal side in the battery 1 corresponding to each change-over switch 13 are connected by the wirings 14 for charging, respectively, and connectors 15 on the side to be charged are disposed in the middle of these respective wirings 14 for charging. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、産業用車両における電源装置に関するもので、特に複数のバッテリを有する電源装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a power supply device for an industrial vehicle, and more particularly to a power supply device having a plurality of batteries.

近年、フォークリフト、搬送車両などの産業用車両においては、その駆動源として、排気ガスを出さない電気が用いられるようになって来ている。
このように、電気を駆動源とする産業用車両には、充電式のバッテリが具備されるとともに、頻繁に、例えば１日に１回程度の充電を行う必要があった（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 In recent years, in industrial vehicles such as forklifts and transport vehicles, electricity that does not emit exhaust gas has been used as a drive source.
As described above, an industrial vehicle using electricity as a driving source is provided with a rechargeable battery, and frequently needs to be charged about once a day (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

従来の産業用車両における電源電圧は、２４ボルトまたは４８ボルト程度と低く、大型部材を運搬する搬送車両の駆動源として電気を用いる場合には、その使用電圧も高いものが望まれているが、充電器の仕様に合わせて、バッテリ自身の電圧を高くすることができなかった。   The power supply voltage in a conventional industrial vehicle is as low as 24 volts or 48 volts, and when electricity is used as a drive source for a transport vehicle that transports large members, a high use voltage is desired. The battery voltage could not be increased in accordance with the charger specifications.

このため、バッテリにて高電圧を得ようとすると、複数のバッテリを直列に接続して使用するとともに、その充電時においては、各バッテリに対して充電器を個別に接続して充電を行う必要がある。   For this reason, when trying to obtain a high voltage with a battery, it is necessary to use a plurality of batteries connected in series, and at the time of charging, it is necessary to charge each battery separately by connecting a charger. There is.

このような条件を満足する電源装置としては、例えば図３に示すようなものがある。この図３に示す電源装置は２個のバッテリ５１が設けられたものである。
すなわち、バッテリ５１の両端子が接続配線５２により被接続側コネクタ５３に接続されてなる個別直列回路５４がバッテリ５１に応じて２つ設けられるとともに、これら各個別直列回路５４に設けられた被接続側コネクタ５３に接続し得る接続側コネクタ５５を有して２つのバッテリ５１を車両側電気負荷５６に対して直列に接続するための例えばケーブルなどからなる直列接続回路５７が設けられたものである。 An example of a power supply device that satisfies such conditions is shown in FIG. The power supply device shown in FIG. 3 is provided with two batteries 51.
That is, two individual series circuits 54 in which both terminals of the battery 51 are connected to the connection-side connector 53 by the connection wiring 52 are provided according to the battery 51, and the connected circuits provided in these individual series circuits 54. A serial connection circuit 57 including a cable or the like for connecting the two batteries 51 in series with the vehicle-side electric load 56 is provided, having a connection-side connector 55 that can be connected to the side connector 53. .

上記構成においては、通常使用時（車両運転時）には、図３に示すように、直列接続回路５７により両バッテリ５１が直列に接続されて、所定の高電圧が得られている。
一方、充電時には、図４に示すように、コネクタ５３，５５同士を外して直列接続回路５７を非使用状態にした後、各個別直列回路５４に設けられた被接続側コネクタ５３に充電側コネクタ５９を介して充電器６０が接続されていた。なお、図中の矢印は電流の方向を示している。
特開平０４−２６１３３９号公報 In the above configuration, during normal use (during vehicle operation), as shown in FIG. 3, both batteries 51 are connected in series by a series connection circuit 57 to obtain a predetermined high voltage.
On the other hand, at the time of charging, as shown in FIG. 4, after the connectors 53 and 55 are disconnected and the serial connection circuit 57 is not used, the connected connector 53 provided in each individual serial circuit 54 is connected to the charging connector. The charger 60 was connected via 59. In addition, the arrow in a figure has shown the direction of the electric current.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-261339

しかし、上記電源装置によると、２つの個別直列回路５４，５４同士を直列に接続するための直列接続回路５７すなわちケーブルなどの電気配線を必要とするとともに、充電時には、この直列接続回路５７を取り外す必要があり、したがって充電開始時および充電終了時ともに配線の接続作業が発生し、充電作業が非常に面倒になるという問題がある。   However, according to the above power supply device, a series connection circuit 57 for connecting the two individual series circuits 54 and 54 in series, that is, an electric wiring such as a cable is required, and the series connection circuit 57 is removed at the time of charging. Therefore, there is a problem that wiring connection work occurs both at the start of charging and at the end of charging, and the charging work becomes very troublesome.

そこで、本発明は、充電作業を簡単に行い得る産業用車両における電源装置を提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the power supply device in the industrial vehicle which can perform a charging operation easily.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の産業用車両における電源装置は、車両側電気負荷に対して複数のバッテリを直列に接続して電気を供給する電源回路を具備するとともに、
上記各バッテリに対して、被充電側コネクタが配置された充電回路をそれぞれ上記電源回路に設け、
上記各バッテリの一方の電極端子側に、当該バッテリを電源回路および充電回路のいずれかに接続するための切替スイッチを設けたものである。 In order to solve the above problems, a power supply apparatus for an industrial vehicle according to the present invention includes a power supply circuit that supplies electricity by connecting a plurality of batteries in series to a vehicle-side electric load,
For each of the batteries, a charging circuit in which a connector to be charged is arranged is provided in the power supply circuit,
A changeover switch for connecting the battery to either the power supply circuit or the charging circuit is provided on one electrode terminal side of each battery.

また、本発明の他の産業用車両における電源装置は、車両側電気負荷に主電気配線を介して複数のバッテリを直列に接続するとともに各バッテリの一方の電極端子側の主電気配線途中に切替スイッチをそれぞれ配置し、
上記各切替スイッチの主電気配線側端子とは異なる端子と当該切替スイッチに対応するバッテリにおける他方の電極端子側の上記主電気配線途中とを副電気配線で接続するとともに、これら各副電気配線の途中に被充電側コネクタをそれぞれ配置したものである。 Moreover, the power supply apparatus in the other industrial vehicle of this invention connects the some battery in series via the main electrical wiring to the vehicle side electrical load, and switches to the middle of the main electrical wiring on the one electrode terminal side of each battery. Place each switch,
A terminal different from the main electric wiring side terminal of each changeover switch and the main electric wiring halfway on the other electrode terminal side of the battery corresponding to the changeover switch are connected by subelectrical wiring, and The to-be-charged connectors are respectively arranged in the middle.

この構成によると、各バッテリに対応して配置された切替スイッチにより、通常使用時における直列接続状態と充電時における個別の接続状態とに簡単に切り替えることができる。すなわち、従来のように、各バッテリに対する個別直列回路をコネクタを介して直列に接続するための直列接続回路を接続または取り外す作業を不要にすることができる。   According to this configuration, it is possible to easily switch between the serial connection state during normal use and the individual connection state during charging by the changeover switch arranged corresponding to each battery. That is, it is possible to eliminate the need to connect or remove the series connection circuit for connecting the individual series circuits for each battery in series via the connector as in the prior art.

［実施の形態］
以下、本発明の実施の形態に係る産業用車両の電源装置を、図１および図２に基づき説明する。 [Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a power supply device for an industrial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

本実施の形態に係る産業用車両としては、例えば構造物などの大型部材を搬送し得る搬送車両である場合について説明する。
この種の搬送車両の駆動源として電気が用いられており、当然ながら、充電式のバッテリが複数個、例えば２個搭載されているものとする。例えば、１個のバッテリの電圧が４８ボルトであるとすると、２個直列に接続すると、９６ボルトの電圧が得られることになる。 As an industrial vehicle according to the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the vehicle is a transport vehicle that can transport a large member such as a structure.
Electricity is used as a drive source for this type of transport vehicle, and it is natural that a plurality of, for example, two rechargeable batteries are mounted. For example, if the voltage of one battery is 48 volts, a voltage of 96 volts can be obtained by connecting two batteries in series.

そして、通常使用時、すなわち搬送車両による運搬時には、２個のバッテリが直列に接続されて、所定の高電圧が得られるようにされるとともに、その充電時においては、簡単な作業により、各バッテリをそれぞれ充電器に接続し、低電圧の充電器にて充電し得るようにされている。   During normal use, that is, when transported by a transport vehicle, two batteries are connected in series so that a predetermined high voltage is obtained. Are respectively connected to a charger and can be charged with a low-voltage charger.

ここで、搬送車両の電気回路に高電圧を供給する電源装置を、図１に基づき説明する。
この電源装置には、複数の例えば２個の充電式のバッテリ１と、これら各バッテリ１同士を直列に接続して搬送車両に設けられた多数の電気機器を含む車両側電気負荷（車両内部回路ともいう）２に電気を供給する電気配線（主電気配線の一例）３とが具備されている。以下、各バッテリ１と電気配線３とを纏めて電源回路４と称する。 Here, a power supply device for supplying a high voltage to the electric circuit of the transport vehicle will be described with reference to FIG.
The power supply device includes a plurality of, for example, two rechargeable batteries 1 and a vehicle-side electric load (a vehicle internal circuit) including a number of electric devices connected to each other in series and provided in a transport vehicle. And an electrical wiring (an example of a main electrical wiring) 3 for supplying electricity to 2. Hereinafter, each battery 1 and the electrical wiring 3 are collectively referred to as a power supply circuit 4.

上記電源回路４においては、各バッテリ１の一方の電極端子側、例えばプラス側に、第１開閉接点（常時接続接点，ｂ接点）１１と第２開閉接点（常時開放接点，ａ接点）１２とを有し（並列に配置され）且つ一方の例えば第１開閉接点１１が電気配線３の途中にそれぞれ接続された（直列に接続された）２つの切替スイッチ１３（１３Ａ，１３Ｂ）が設けられている。   In the power supply circuit 4, a first switching contact (always connected contact, b contact) 11 and a second switching contact (always open contact, a contact) 12 are provided on one electrode terminal side of each battery 1, for example, the plus side. And two changeover switches 13 (13A, 13B) in which one of the first switching contacts 11, for example, is connected in the middle of the electrical wiring 3 (connected in series) are provided. Yes.

そして、さらに上記各切替スイッチ１３の他方の第２開閉接点１２と当該各切替スイッチ１３に対応するバッテリ１における他方の電極端子側の電気配線３途中、例えばマイナス側の電気配線３途中とが充電用配線（副電気配線の一例）１４を介してそれぞれ接続されるとともに、これら各充電用配線１４の途中に被充電側コネクタ１５（１５Ａ，１５Ｂ）が直列に設けられている。   Further, the other second switching contact 12 of each changeover switch 13 and the middle of the electric wiring 3 on the other electrode terminal side in the battery 1 corresponding to each changeover switch 13, for example, the middle of the negative electric wiring 3 are charged. Each of the charging-side connectors 15 (15A, 15B) is provided in series in the middle of each of the charging wires 14.

この電源装置すなわち電源回路４において、通常使用時には、図１に示すように、各切替スイッチ１３Ａ，１３Ｂの各第１開閉接点１１がそれぞれ接続状態であるため、２つのバッテリ１，１は互いに直列に接続されて、高電圧すなわち９６ボルトの電気が車両側電気負荷２に供給される。   In the power supply device, that is, the power supply circuit 4, during normal use, as shown in FIG. 1, the first switching contacts 11 of the changeover switches 13 </ b> A and 13 </ b> B are in the connected state. And a high voltage, that is, 96 volts of electricity is supplied to the vehicle-side electric load 2.

一方、充電時においては、図２に示すように、各切替スイッチ１３Ａ，１３Ｂの動作により、各第２開閉接点１２がそれぞれ開放状態から接続状態にされ（このとき、第１開閉接点１１はそれぞれ接続状態から開放状態になる）、したがって２つのバッテリ１，１がそれぞれの被充電側コネクタ１５に接続されたことになる。この状態で、各被充電側コネクタ１５に充電側コネクタ１６を介して充電器１７をそれぞれ接続することにより、それぞれのバッテリ１に低電圧でもって充電が行われる。つまり、各バッテリ１に対して充電器１７が１つずつ接続されたことになる。言い換えれば、直列に接続されている２個のバッテリ１に、各充電器１７がそれぞれ並列に接続されているとも言える。なお、図中の矢印は電流の方向を示している。   On the other hand, at the time of charging, as shown in FIG. 2, the second switching contacts 12 are changed from the open state to the connected state by the operations of the changeover switches 13A and 13B. Therefore, the two batteries 1 and 1 are connected to the respective charged connectors 15. In this state, each battery 1 is charged with a low voltage by connecting a charger 17 to each charged connector 15 via a charging connector 16. That is, one charger 17 is connected to each battery 1. In other words, it can be said that the chargers 17 are connected in parallel to the two batteries 1 connected in series. In addition, the arrow in a figure has shown the direction of the electric current.

この構成によると、各バッテリに対応して配置された切替スイッチにより、通常使用時における直列接続状態と充電時のバッテリに対する個別の接続状態とに簡単に切り替えることができる。すなわち、従来のように、各バッテリに対する個別直列回路をコネクタを介して直列に接続するための直列接続回路を接続または取り外す作業を不要にすることができる。より具体的には、ケーブルなどを必要とする直列接続回路すなわち電気配線およびその接続作業を不要にすることができる。   According to this configuration, it is possible to easily switch between the serial connection state during normal use and the individual connection state with respect to the battery during charging by the changeover switch arranged corresponding to each battery. That is, it is possible to eliminate the need to connect or remove the series connection circuit for connecting the individual series circuits for each battery in series via the connector as in the prior art. More specifically, a series connection circuit that requires a cable or the like, that is, electrical wiring and connection work thereof can be eliminated.

ところで、上記実施の形態においては、切替スイッチをバッテリに応じて、２つ設けるように説明したが、通常は、一つの切替指示（切替動作）により、両切替スイッチを作動させ得るものである。この点で、図１および図２の破線にて示すように、２つの切替スイッチの機能を有する１つの切替装置２１を用いることもできる。   By the way, in the said embodiment, although it demonstrated that two changeover switches were provided according to a battery, normally, both changeover switches can be operated by one switching instruction | indication (switching operation). In this regard, as shown by the broken lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, one switching device 21 having the function of two switching switches can be used.

また、上記切替スイッチを、２つの開閉接点を有するとともに、この切替スイッチを作動させた場合に、２つの開閉接点の一方が接続状態にされるとともに他方が開放状態となるものとして説明したが、例えば切替スイッチとして、共通端子と常時開放端子および常時接続端子との３端子で構成されたもの（所謂、単極双投式のもの）を用いてもよい。簡単に言えば、ｃ接点を有するものであり、この意味では、上述した実施の形態で説明したものもｃ接点を有していると言うことができる。   Further, the changeover switch has been described as having two switching contacts, and when this changeover switch is operated, one of the two switching contacts is connected and the other is opened. For example, as the change-over switch, a switch composed of three terminals of a common terminal, a normally open terminal, and a constantly connected terminal (so-called single pole double throw type) may be used. Simply put, it has a c contact, and in this sense, it can be said that those described in the above-described embodiment also have a c contact.

また、上記切替スイッチを、２つの開閉接点を有するとともに、この切替スイッチを作動させた場合に、２つの開閉接点の一方が接続状態にされるとともに他方が開放状態となるものとして説明したが、例えば切替スイッチとして、少なくとも２つのａ接点（常時開放接点）および２つのｂ接点（常時接続接点）を有するリレーを用いてもよく、この場合、リレーのｂ接点を第１開閉接点として用いるとともに、リレーのａ接点を第２開閉接点として用いることになる。   Further, the changeover switch has been described as having two switching contacts, and when this changeover switch is operated, one of the two switching contacts is connected and the other is opened. For example, a relay having at least two a contacts (normally open contacts) and two b contacts (normally connected contacts) may be used as the changeover switch. In this case, the b contacts of the relay are used as the first switching contacts. The contact a of the relay is used as the second switching contact.

また、上記実施の形態においては、バッテリを２個直列に接続したものとして説明したが、勿論、３個または４個以上の場合にでも適用することができる。
さらに、上記実施の形態においては、産業用車両として、搬送車両である場合に説明したが、勿論、他の車両、例えばフォークリフトなどの電源装置にも適用し得る。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated as what connected two batteries in series, of course, it is applicable also in the case of three or four or more.
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated when it was a conveyance vehicle as an industrial vehicle, of course, it is applicable also to other vehicles, for example, power supply devices, such as a forklift.

なお、切替スイッチの変形例を上述したが、ここで、これらの変形例を考慮した電源装置の構成を、以下に示しておく。
まず、電源装置を概念的に表すと、
車両側電気負荷に対して複数のバッテリを直列に接続して電源を供給する電源回路を具備するとともに、
上記各バッテリに対して、被充電側コネクタが配置された充電回路をそれぞれ上記電源回路に設け、
上記各バッテリの一方の電極端子側に、当該バッテリを電源回路および充電回路のいずれかに接続するための切替スイッチを設けたものである。 In addition, although the modification example of the changeover switch was mentioned above, here, the structure of the power supply device which considered these modification examples is shown below.
First, the power supply device is conceptually represented as
A power supply circuit that supplies power by connecting a plurality of batteries in series to the vehicle-side electric load is provided.
For each of the batteries, a charging circuit in which a connector to be charged is arranged is provided in the power supply circuit,
A changeover switch for connecting the battery to either the power supply circuit or the charging circuit is provided on one electrode terminal side of each battery.

次に、電源装置を具体的に表すと、
車両側電気負荷に主電気配線を介して複数のバッテリを直列に接続するとともに各バッテリの一方の電極端子側の主電気配線途中に切替スイッチをそれぞれ配置し、
上記各切替スイッチの主電気配線側端子とは異なる端子と当該切替スイッチに対応するバッテリにおける他方の電極端子側の上記主電気配線とを副電気配線で接続するとともに、これら各副電気配線途中に被充電側コネクタをそれぞれ配置したものである。 Next, the power supply device is specifically expressed as follows:
A plurality of batteries are connected in series to the vehicle-side electric load via the main electric wiring, and a changeover switch is arranged in the middle of the main electric wiring on one electrode terminal side of each battery,
A terminal different from the main electrical wiring side terminal of each changeover switch and the main electrical wiring on the other electrode terminal side of the battery corresponding to the changeover switch are connected by subelectrical wiring, and in the middle of each of these subelectrical wirings The to-be-charged connectors are respectively arranged.

さらに、電源装置の切替スイッチとして開閉接点を有するものとして表すと、
車両側電気負荷に主電気配線を介して複数のバッテリを直列に接続するとともに各バッテリの一方の電極端子側の主電気配線途中に２つの開閉接点を有する切替スイッチをそれぞれ配置し、
上記各切替スイッチの主電気配線側開閉接点とは異なる開閉接点と当該各切替スイッチに対応するバッテリにおける他方の電極端子側の主電気配線途中とを副電気配線で接続するとともに、これら各副電気配線途中に被充電側コネクタをそれぞれ配置したものである。 Furthermore, when expressed as having a switching contact as a changeover switch of the power supply device,
A plurality of batteries are connected in series to the vehicle-side electric load via the main electric wiring, and a changeover switch having two switching contacts is arranged in the middle of the main electric wiring on one electrode terminal side of each battery,
A switching contact different from the switching contact on the main electrical wiring side of each changeover switch is connected to the middle of the main electrical wiring on the other electrode terminal side of the battery corresponding to each changeover switch with a sub-electrical wiring. The charged connectors are respectively arranged in the middle of wiring.

本発明の実施の形態に係る搬送車両における電源装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the power supply device in the conveyance vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 同電源装置における切替スイッチの切替時の状態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of switching of the changeover switch in the power supply device. 従来例に係る搬送車両における電源装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the power supply device in the conveyance vehicle which concerns on a prior art example. 同電源装置における切替スイッチの切替時の状態を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of switching of the changeover switch in the power supply device.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ バッテリ
２ 車両側電気負荷
３ 電気配線
４ 電源回路
１１ 第１開閉接点
１２ 第２開閉接点
１３ 切替スイッチ
１４ 充電用配線
１５ 被充電側コネクタ
１６ 充電側コネクタ
１７ 充電器
２１ 切替装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery 2 Vehicle side electric load 3 Electric wiring 4 Power supply circuit 11 1st switching contact 12 2nd switching contact 13 Changeover switch 14 Charging wiring 15 Charged side connector 16 Charging side connector 17 Charger 21 Switching device

Claims (2)

車両側電気負荷に対して複数のバッテリを直列に接続して電源を供給する電源回路を具備するとともに、
上記各バッテリに対して、被充電側コネクタが配置された充電回路をそれぞれ上記電源回路に設け、
上記各バッテリの一方の電極端子側に、当該バッテリを電源回路および充電回路のいずれかに接続するための切替スイッチを設けたことを特徴とする産業用車両における電源装置。 A power supply circuit that supplies power by connecting a plurality of batteries in series to the vehicle-side electric load is provided.
For each of the batteries, a charging circuit in which a connector to be charged is arranged is provided in the power supply circuit,
A power supply apparatus for an industrial vehicle, characterized in that a changeover switch for connecting the battery to one of a power supply circuit and a charging circuit is provided on one electrode terminal side of each battery. 車両側電気負荷に主電気配線を介して複数のバッテリを直列に接続するとともに各バッテリの一方の電極端子側の主電気配線途中に切替スイッチをそれぞれ配置し、
上記各切替スイッチの主電気配線側端子とは異なる端子と当該切替スイッチに対応するバッテリにおける他方の電極端子側の上記主電気配線とを副電気配線で接続するとともに、これら各副電気配線途中に被充電側コネクタをそれぞれ配置したことを特徴とする産業用車両における電源装置。 A plurality of batteries are connected in series to the vehicle-side electric load via the main electric wiring, and a changeover switch is arranged in the middle of the main electric wiring on one electrode terminal side of each battery,
A terminal different from the main electrical wiring side terminal of each changeover switch and the main electrical wiring on the other electrode terminal side of the battery corresponding to the changeover switch are connected by subelectrical wiring, and in the middle of each of these subelectrical wirings A power supply apparatus for an industrial vehicle, characterized in that each of the charging side connectors is arranged.
JP2007203725A 2007-08-06 2007-08-06 Power supply device in industrial vehicle Pending JP2009038948A (en)

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