JP2008253560A - Device for detecting pseudohypoglycemia and issuing alarm - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem that a general treatment of diabetes includes dose of an antihypoglycemic agent or insulin injection so as to prevent a complication by hyperglycemia (going blind, renal insufficiency, or the like), but hypoglycemia is caused as the side effects, generally, hypoglycemia is said to occur when the blood-sugar level is 60 mg/dl or lower, the loss of consciousness is caused, brain cell cannot be provided with nutrition when it becomes 20 mg/dl or lower, a part of the brain cell begins to die, unless an urgent treatment is given, grave illness develops, a vegetable existence is led, brain death is caused by further neglect, and eventually a patient dies. <P>SOLUTION: A device for detecting pseudohypoglycemia and issuing an alarm detects a part or whole of (1) perspiration, (2) an increase in heart rate, and (3) tremor which are characteristics of hypoglycemia symptom, compares respective data with daily normal values, determines hypoglycemia in a pseudo manner by a machine with a program having a learning function incorporated, issues an alarm to a patient himself or herself or a nurse (including his or her family) before the consciousness is lost, and restores the hypoglycemia symptom to the normal state by facilitating intake of glucose or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

Medical devices for diabetics used at home for home treatment and at the hospital for hospitalization treatment

  Many treatments for diabetics balance the automatic control of blood sugar level lost for some reason with diet (rising factor of blood sugar) and exercise / drug (dose of hypoglycemic agent, hypoglycemic factor such as subcutaneous injection of insulin). The manual control is performed so as to be close to the normal value (80 to 110 mg / dl).

Manual control is performed many times by measuring blood glucose levels, analyzing the data by a specialist, and prescribing drugs. In particular, manual blood glucose control is difficult for type 1 diabetic patients with little insulin secretion. Diabetes is strongly suspected to be 7.4 million in Japan alone (FY2002 survey), and about half of those who are currently receiving treatment are 50.6%, with the majority of 3.7 million being hypoglycemic. It is presumed that he is taking a drug or injecting insulin.
More than 95% of diabetics are dimorphic and have high blood sugar levels. Insulin is secreted and various types of insulin are developed, and a certain amount of treatment is established.

  In recent years, simple blood glucose measuring instruments have become very simple and can be easily measured by patients. However, blood glucose measurement requires blood collection, and automatic blood collection devices are currently very large (using robot technology). Currently, 24-hour continuous blood glucose monitoring is almost impossible both technically and cost-effectively.

  Hyperglycemia induces various complications (blindness, renal failure, etc.), so it is instructed by specialists to lower blood glucose levels. Therefore, the patient is trying to balance the calorie intake and calorie consumption by exercise, taking hypoglycemic drugs and injections, but when the calorie intake is lacking, there are other factors ( It induces hypoglycemic symptoms when combined with inevitable exercise.

Hypoglycemia hinders the supply of nutrients to cells throughout the body and leads to the death of brain cells in particular. If a family member also notices and is left until morning, if it is good and “plant human” is bad, the possibility of death increases.
JP 2000-036091 A

  Hypoglycemic symptoms that can be life-threatening are detected early (preferably before loss of consciousness), wakes up while sleeping, and attempts to recover from hypoglycemic symptoms by ingesting glucose or the like. In general, it is often possible to return to normal temporarily by ingesting 10 g of glucose or 150 cc of commercially available “cola”.

  A technology that measures blood glucose levels for 24 hours has been established, and a pseudo-hypoglycemia detector / alarm that monitors this symptom until general diabetics can easily use it in their daily lives is based on the death of some of the brain cells. I am convinced that it can contribute to the prevention of the occurrence of “bokeh” and plant human beings who are close to the death of brain cells other than life support.

The present invention pays attention to “sweat”, which is a typical symptom of hypoglycemia, and detects that the resistance value between the two electrodes attached to the chest of the patient is drastically lowered due to sweat. This is a sweat detector that sounds a buzzer, and was used as a simple hypoglycemia detector.
However, the sweating action is not only a hypoglycemic symptom, but also caused sweating even when the temperature is high or the heating in winter is too effective, and an alarm (buzzer) sounded. And the false alarm that blood sugar level is 150mg / dl or more (not hypoglycemia) occurred.

  In order to solve the above problem, when hypoglycemia occurs, the brain cells give a command to the heart to increase the blood volume, so that the brain increases the heart rate, detecting this symptom (increased pulse rate) We decided to use it together with sweat detection. In addition, by using body temperature and room temperature as data, we were able to reduce false alarms.

If extremely hypoglycemia (15 mg / dl or less) occurs, seizures (tremors or tremors) occur. This seems to be a warning of the death of brain cells and is a very dangerous situation, so the detection of this seizure is detected by an accelerometer attached to a part of the patient's body, and the highest level of warning is issued.
At this stage, it is thought that the blood sugar level is gradually lowering because energy is consumed by seizure exercise even though there is a lack of nutrients, and intravenous injection of glucose or intramuscular injection of glucagon (hypoglycemic hormone) is competing for seconds. is required.

In general, there is a large individual difference in each patient, especially due to a decline in various abilities due to aging, and so the appearance of hypoglycemia symptoms seems to be different. In the extreme, the existence of elderly people with reduced ability to sweat is also predicted, and patients who do not sweat even if they develop hypoglycemia must be predicted.
In order to deal with the problem, a CPU is installed in the main body, and in advance the normal state of each patient and hypoglycemic symptoms data (1) sweating, (2) heart rate increase, (3) tremor (tremor), (4) Collect body temperature, (5) Collect room temperature, and notify the background of misinformation, and judge by a program with a learning function to improve the criteria of hypoglycemia judgment.

  Originally, the patient's blood sugar level should be automatically measured continuously for 24 hours in daily life, and if the blood sugar falls below 60 mg / dl, an alarm should be issued. At least generally not commercially available.

The present invention detects the specificity of a hypoglycemia symptom, issues an alarm to the patient before loss of consciousness, and the person himself (if necessary, measures with a simple blood glucose meter by blood sampling, which is currently widely used) To try to recover early from hypoglycemic symptoms.
As a result, the death of the brain cell of the person can be minimized, and in particular, the side troubles such as the dispatch of surrounding householders and ambulances can be reduced.

  The detection part is attached to the patient's body surface. (1) Sweating (measurement of resistance between electrodes), (2) Pulse detection (wave of resistance between electrodes), (3) Tremor (tremor) ( 4) Since the body temperature detection unit can be integrated, it is reduced in size and weight so as to eliminate discomfort as much as possible, and all the data is transmitted wirelessly to the main body. Although the initial value is set at an interval of 1 minute, it is possible to gradually increase the interval by the learning function and increase it to an interval of 30 minutes, and it is necessary to design so as to suppress battery consumption.

  The simple type is wired, and it is only necessary to connect the detection unit to the body installed at the bedside only when sleeping, which seems to be the most dangerous.If the accuracy of hypoglycemic symptoms is reduced, sweat detection and temperature (body temperature) can be further reduced. ) With an alarm buzzer is also considered effective.

  In remote areas and single patients, all information can be transmitted to relatives in remote areas using mobile phone or PHS technology. In that case, the combined use of videophones and Internet videophones would be very effective.

  The CPU program built in the main unit has a self-learning function, and a personal computer system for collecting patient-specific data is developed. The patient and the detection unit, the main unit and the personal computer system are connected, and under the supervision of a specialist ( (Deliberately) cause hypoglycemia and collect data (education of the main body). Further, if the sweating data is collected at a high room temperature, the accuracy of determining the hypoglycemia of the main body is improved. The interval is usually estimated to be once a year. However, if there is a significant change in brain performance due to sudden changes in physical strength, especially dementia and Alzheimer's disease, the interval is 1 per month. The need to collect data once is also envisaged.

  The initial values (default values) collected from as many patients as possible are set for data to determine hypoglycemia, and use is started for new patients. However, the main body self-learns based on the patient's own daily collected data. In addition to providing functions to improve the program, bringing the main body used to the doctor's office will allow the doctor to understand the symptom history and perform better treatment on a personal computer.

  It is also possible to connect to a PHS or mobile phone directly through the main unit or via a personal computer and communicate directly with the software maintenance center of the contracted manufacturer, thereby enabling facility safety and maintenance (including program upgrades). become. I think that the best form is a product that has been developed with a line-based service (Fig. 2) based on the principle of full-safety for all software and hardware.

Basic explanatory diagram (Example 1) From the detection unit attached to the patient's chest, sweating and pulse rate due to changes in resistance between electrodes, body temperature by temperature sensor, and tremor state by acceleration sensor are collected If it is determined from the data that the symptoms are hypoglycemic, the patient and caregiver will be alerted by sound, light, vibration, etc. To recover. Unfortunately, after loss of consciousness, the caregiver / nurse injects glucagon (a hyperglycemic hormone) to recover from the hypoglycemic state. Emergency call / equipment maintenance (Example 2) If the mobile phone or PHS phone can be directly controlled to the main unit, it will be connected directly, but if it is under development, etc., if a personal computer is connected and a voice notification function is provided, it will be 119 An ambulance can be called by number. In addition, it is possible to regularly check whether all equipment is normal and safe, and to maintain highly reliable equipment including equipment maintenance. In FIG. 2, the portable terminal and the PHS terminal overlap with a spare facility that is disconnected due to line congestion. Depending on the situation, a wired (general public line) or an Internet line can be used if safety can be confirmed. These terminals can also receive services such as inspection from the attending physician, understanding of symptoms, program upgrades from the manufacturer, and equipment inspection.

Claims (2)

  Detects some or all of the autonomic symptoms of hypoglycemia (1) sweating, (2) increased pulse, (3) tremor (tremor), and either wired, wireless, light, or ultrasound Send information to the simulated hypoglycemia detector. The information includes the resistance value between the electrodes due to sweating, the pulse rate, the body temperature, the size of tremor (tremor), and the frequency. In the program of the CPU in the body, if it is determined that the possibility of hypoglycemia is high as a result of each information analysis based on the data obtained from previous and previous observations, sound, light, vibration to the patient and the nurse or the surrounding person Pseudo-hypoglycemia detection / alarm transmitter aimed at issuing an alarm by part or all of the above, urging the intake of glucose, etc., and preventing the transition to a more severe state. In addition, the CPU in the main unit also includes devices with a self-learning function to reduce misinformation every day according to the individual differences of the target patients.   The information communication between the detection unit, the main body including the CPU, and the alarm transmitter includes not only wired communication, but also the application of dedicated wireless, PHS, and mobile phone communication technology. Also includes an alarm transmitter.