JP2008135313A - Heating element unit and heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly versatile heating element unit easily adaptable to various uses by reducing rush current, and a heating device using the heating element unit. <P>SOLUTION: In the heating element unit, a plurality of heating elements made of heat generating materials different in temperature characteristics are contained in a first container, one of the neighboring heating elements out of the plurality of the heating elements is inserted into a second container, the heating elements inserted into the second container are separated from neighboring other heating elements, and gas is filled into a first container. The heating device is constituted by using the heating element unit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating element unit used as a heat source of a heating device, and more particularly to a heating element unit using an infrared light bulb and using a carbon-based material as the heating element, and a heating device using the heating element unit.

  A conventional infrared light bulb used as a heat source in a heating device is configured by enclosing a coiled tungsten wire or a rod-shaped carbon-based sintered body as a heating element inside a cylindrical glass tube. As a heating device using such an infrared light bulb as a heating element unit, for example, electric appliances such as electric stoves, cookers, and dryers, and various devices that require a heat source such as electronic devices such as copying machines, facsimiles, and printers. Is included.

  Since the heat generating unit is used as a heat source in the various devices as described above, there are various requirements for the heat generating unit in the device specifications using the heat generating unit. For example, it is a high temperature as a heat source, is reliably maintained at a specified temperature, has a wide temperature adjustment range, can be converted into heating energy with high efficiency with respect to input power, and uniformly heats an object to be heated There are various demands such as being able to be heated, being able to heat only the specified direction, and not causing a large overcurrent when energized. In order to satisfy these requirements, various heating element units have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

As a conventional heating element unit capable of heating an object to be heated to a high temperature, there are a first heating element unit in which a heating element formed of a carbon-based material is enclosed in a glass tube, and a coil formed of tungsten wire. There is proposed a second heating element unit in which a heating element is enclosed in a glass tube, and these two heating element units are arranged side by side with a predetermined distance (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .) In addition, as a conventional heating element unit, two different types of heating elements (coiled heating element and plate-like heating element) are arranged side by side with a predetermined distance, and these two heating elements are The thing accommodated in the inside of a glass tube is proposed (for example, refer patent document 2).
JP 2002-110326 A JP 2003-215964 A

  However, in the conventional heating element unit configured as described above, two different types of heating elements are juxtaposed to be used as a heat source so that they can be heated to a high temperature. Accordingly, there has been a problem that the cross-sectional shape of the heat generating unit as a heat source, particularly, the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction of the heat generating unit becomes large, and a large arrangement space is required for the heat generating unit.

  In particular, in a heating element unit in which a coil-shaped heating element and a plate-like heating element are housed in a glass tube, the coil-shaped heating element cannot be fixed, and it can be turned on / off for a long period of time. Deflection due to linear thermal expansion occurs, causing problems such as contact with a plate-like heating element disposed adjacently. Furthermore, when the heating element on one side is disconnected or damaged, there is a serious problem such as contact with the adjacent heating element to cause a dangerous state.

  In a configuration in which two heating element units are arranged side by side with a predetermined distance, the heating element units are arranged separately, so that the heating element units are heated only by thermal radiation and have a thermal conductivity. In order to alleviate the inrush current, it takes time to rise and the rise is slow. In addition, in the heat generating unit configured by arranging two such heat generating units in parallel, the cross-sectional shape (the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction of the heat generating unit) is increased, and the heat generating unit is arranged. There was also a problem that the installation space became large.

  As described above, since the heating element unit is used as a heat source in various devices, it is possible to increase safety, to perform high-temperature heating more efficiently than input power, and to reduce the installation space. Thus, it is required to make the heating element unit thin and small.

  The present invention provides a heating element unit that can store different types of heating elements in a thin and small heating element unit, and has high safety and efficiency, and generates an inrush current that causes a large overcurrent when energized. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating element unit that prevents the above and a heating device using such a heating element unit.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. The heating element is securely and securely fixed with a simple configuration, and the rise at the start-up is quickened, the inrush current is reduced, and it is easily used in various applications. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly versatile heating element unit that can be applied and a heating device using the heating element unit.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object of the present invention, the heating element unit according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of heating materials having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature. Of the heat generating element, a first container containing the heat generating element, and a heat generating element that is disposed in the first container and is adjacent to one of the heat generating elements. A second container for separating the body. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above is a highly versatile device as a highly safe heat source.

  The heating element unit according to the second aspect of the present invention has a configuration in which an inert gas is sealed at a constant pressure in the first container according to the first aspect, and the first container is sealed. In the heat generating unit of the present invention configured as described above, heat conduction by the inert gas occurs in addition to heat radiation in the first container.

  The heating element unit according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the second container according to the second aspect has means for regulating the position of the heating element inserted into the second container. The heating element inside the container is configured to prevent contact with the heating element outside the second container. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reliably prevent the adjacent heating elements from coming into contact with each other, and is a highly safe and reliable device.

  In the heating element unit according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of heating elements according to the first to third aspects have different heat generation temperature distribution characteristics. The heat generating unit of the present invention configured as described above can change the heat generation temperature distribution curve as appropriate according to the specifications of the apparatus to be incorporated and the object to be heated, and becomes a highly versatile heat source.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects, a plurality of heat generating elements having different temperature characteristics representing a rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature are individually energized or combined energized. It is configured to allow selection. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reduce the inrush current, shorten the rise time, and construct a highly efficient heat source with high input.

  In the heat generating unit of the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects, at least a series energization connection is possible for a predetermined period with respect to a plurality of heat generating elements having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature. It has a configuration. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reduce the inrush current, shorten the rise time, and construct a highly efficient heat source with high input.

  The heating element unit according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the first to fourth aspects, in which selection of energization or combination energization to a plurality of heating elements having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature is performed. In addition, a negative characteristic or a positive characteristic in temperature characteristics of each of the plurality of heating elements is compared, and a heating element closer to the negative characteristic is energized first when energization is started. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reduce the inrush current, shorten the rise time, and construct a highly efficient heat source with high input.

  A heating element unit according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the carbon heating element according to the first to seventh aspects, wherein at least one of the plurality of heating elements includes a carbonaceous material and is formed by firing. And at least one heating element is a tungsten material. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reduce inrush current, shorten rise time, and construct a high-temperature heat source.

  A heating element unit according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the heating element unit according to the first to seventh aspects, wherein at least one of the plurality of heating elements includes a carbon-based material and a resistance adjusting material, and is formed by firing. It is a solid carbon-based heating element, and at least one heating element is configured by a tungsten material. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can reduce inrush current, shorten rise time, and construct a high-temperature heat source.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the first to ninth aspects, at least one of the plurality of heat generators has a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction of the heat generator. It is square and at least a part of the outer surface of the heating element is substantially formed in a flat portion. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above serves as a heat source with high directivity.

  A heating element unit according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the heating element unit according to the first to tenth aspects, wherein the heating element is selected from molybdenum disilicide, lanthanum chromite, silicon carbide, nichrome, Fe-Cr-AL alloy, and stainless steel. It is made of metal. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above is an efficient heat source.

  In the heating element unit according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the first to eleventh aspects, the first container and the second container are formed of a material having light transmittance in an infrared region. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above is an efficient heat source that quickly rises.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the first to eleventh aspects, the heating element unit is configured such that a part of the surface of either the first container or the second container suppresses light transmission. ing. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can easily construct a uniform temperature distribution.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the first to thirteenth aspects, the first container and the second container are made of a quartz material having heat resistance. The heating element unit of the present invention configured as described above can construct a high-temperature heat source.

  A heating device according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention includes the heating element unit according to the first to fourteenth aspects and a heating roller, and is configured to enclose the heating element unit in the heating roller. The heating device of the present invention configured as described above serves as a heating means that reduces inrush current, shortens rise time, and has high input and high efficiency.

  A heating device according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is a heating device including the heating element unit according to the first to fourteenth aspects and a reflecting plate, wherein at least one heating element unit is arranged to face the reflecting plate. Yes. The heating device of the present invention configured as described above enables heating with high directivity to the object to be heated.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to the sixteenth aspect, the reflecting plate of the sixteenth aspect is located at least at the central portion of the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat generating unit. A projecting portion is formed. The heating device of the present invention configured as described above can efficiently heat the object to be heated.

  A heating device according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention includes a power supply circuit including a control circuit in the heating device according to the fifteenth to seventeenth aspects, and the control circuit is connected to each of a plurality of heating elements. A switching device is provided that selectively connects the external terminal, a plurality of power supply terminals connected to a power supply, the external terminal and the power supply terminal, and connects the heating elements in series, in parallel or independently. The heating device of the present invention configured as described above can control the temperature according to the object to be heated, and can reduce the inrush current, shorten the rise time, and can construct a heating means with high input and high efficiency.

  In a heating device according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the control circuit according to the eighteenth aspect is a single circuit of on / off control, energization rate control, phase control, or zero cross control, or a combination of at least two controls. Configured. The heating device of the present invention configured as described above can construct a highly efficient heating means according to specifications.

  According to the present invention, different types of heating elements are housed in a thin and small heating element unit to provide a heating element unit with high safety and efficiency, and a heating element that prevents the occurrence of a large overcurrent when energized. A unit and a heating device using the heating element unit can be provided.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a heating element unit and a heating device using the heating element unit according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A heating element unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating the structure of the heating element unit according to the first embodiment. In the heating element unit shown in FIG. 1, since the heating element unit has a long shape, an intermediate portion thereof is broken and omitted.

  The heating element unit according to the first embodiment includes a first heating component A having a first heating element 2 having a first temperature characteristic inside a first container 1 and a second temperature characteristic having a second temperature characteristic. The second heat generating component B having the heat generating element 11 is disposed and accommodated in parallel. In addition, the second heating element 11 having the second temperature characteristic is accommodated in the second container 12 inside the first container 1. In other words, the second heating element 11 is accommodated in the double pipe of the first container 1 and the second container 12. In Example 1, the 1st container 1 is formed with the transparent quartz glass tube, and the 2nd container 12 is formed with the material which has heat resistance and insulation. As a material of the second container 12, for example, heat-resistant glass, crystallized glass, quartz, ceramics and the like are preferable, and a material having transparency in the infrared region is particularly preferable.

  Both ends of the first container 1 are welded in a flat plate shape, and an inert gas such as argon gas or a mixed gas of argon gas and nitrogen gas is sealed therein. The first heating element 2 in the first heating element A is made of a carbon-based material, and the second heating element 11 in the second heating element B is made of a tungsten material. Argon gas or a mixed gas of argon gas and nitrogen gas, which is an inert gas enclosed in the first container 1 that houses the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11, is a carbon-based material. The first heating element 2 formed and the second heating element 11 formed of a tungsten material are sealed to prevent oxidation.

  The first heating element 2 in the first heating component A has an elongated flat plate shape so as to have a function as a heat radiation body having directivity. A holding block 3 having a function of fixing the first heating element 2 and a function of radiating heat from the first heating element 2 is fixed to both ends of the first heating element 2. The first heat generating structure A includes an internal lead wire member 10 attached to the outer end of the holding block 3, an external lead wire 9A led out from both ends of the glass tube 1, and an external lead wire 9A and an internal lead wire member. 10 and a molybdenum foil 8A that is electrically connected to a sealing portion. The internal lead wire member 10 includes a coil portion 5 wound around the outer end portion of the holding block 3, a spring portion 6 formed in a spiral shape, and an internal lead wire 7A connected to the molybdenum foil 8A. Yes. The spring portion 6 applies tension to the first heating element 2 and is configured such that the first heating element 2 is always disposed at a desired position. Further, by providing the spring portion 6 between the internal lead wire 7 </ b> A and the coil portion 5 in this way, it is possible to absorb changes due to expansion and contraction in the first heating element 2.

  The internal lead wire member 10 in the first embodiment will be described as an example in which the coil portion 5, the spring portion 6, and the internal lead wire 7A are integrally formed of molybdenum wire. It may be good. Although the material of the internal lead wire member 10 will be described with molybdenum, it may be formed using elastic metal wires (round bars, flat plates) made of tungsten, nickel, or the like.

  On the other hand, the second heat generating structure B having the second heat generating body 11 arranged in parallel with the first heat generating structure A having the first heat generating body 2 is spiral (coiled) as a heat radiator. The second container (heat-resistant tube) 12 enclosing the second heating element 11 formed in the above. In Example 1, when the 2nd heat generating body 11 is high temperature, it demonstrates by the example which has arrange | positioned the heat generating body support tool 13 in order to provide a clearance gap between the 2nd heat generating body 11 and the 2nd container 12. FIG. To do. However, if there is no longitudinal deformation or the like in the second heating element 11 and the temperature of the second heating element 11 is sufficiently lower than the softening temperature of the second container 12, the holding member such as the heating element support tool is not provided. There is no need.

  The second container 12 is a cylindrical heat-resistant tube having both ends opened, and the second heating element 11 and the heating element support 13 are accommodated therein. The heating element support 13 is for fixing the second heating element 11 to the inner wall of the second container 12 at predetermined intervals. A metal wire is wound around the second heating element 11 at predetermined intervals to form a ring shape. It is configured to be formed and pressed against the inner wall of the second container 12. The heating element support 13 can be of various shapes. For example, a configuration in which the second heating element 11 is held in a through hole formed at the center of the disk, or a heat-resistant wire rod. The structure etc. which are wound and thickened are used. Further, if the second heating element 11 has a certain degree of rigidity, it is not necessary to use the heating element support 13, and the second heating element 11 is accommodated with a slight clearance with respect to the inner wall of the second container 12. You may do it.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an internal lead wire 7B is engaged with the upper end portion of the second container 12 by forming a part of the internal lead wire 7B in a coil shape having a large diameter. In addition to the second heating element 11 and the second container 12, the second heating component B includes an internal lead wire 7B, an external lead wire 9B led out from both ends of the first container 1, and an external lead wire 9B. And a molybdenum foil 8B that electrically connects the internal lead wire 7B at the sealing portion. The outer wall of the second container 12 of the second heating component B is close to the first heating element 2 in the first heating component A, and the inner wall of the second container 12 is the second heating element. 11 is arranged with almost no gap. Accordingly, the thickness of the second container 12 is substantially an insulation distance that is reliably ensured between the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11. The internal lead wire 7B in the second heat generating structure B of the first embodiment will be described as an example in which a tungsten wire that is the second heat generating body 11 is extended, but the spiral shape of the second heat generating body 11 is described. You may form using another metal wire (round bar, flat plate) according to the specification of (coil shape) and a wire diameter. In addition, although the 2nd heat generating body 11 of Example 1 demonstrates with the shape which has elasticity, when the 2nd heat generating body 11 is comprised with the material which does not have elasticity, the internal lead wire 7B has elasticity. Needless to say, the second heat generating element 11 is made of a material and absorbs thermal expansion.

  The second container 12, which is a heat-resistant tube used in Example 1, has a thickness of 1.0 mm and an outer diameter of 5.0 mm. Since the diameter of the spiral second heating element 11 is about 2.0 mm, the thickness of the second container 12 can be used as long as it is within the range of 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. The length of the second container 12 is a length that reliably covers the entire second heating element 11. In the first embodiment, the second heating element 11 and internal leads fixed to both ends thereof are used. The length is set to cover a part of the line 7B.

  In the first embodiment, both end portions of the second container 12 are rounded (square cutting process), and the second container 12 is prevented from being damaged in contact with the first container 1. Further, in Example 1, the upper end portion of the second container 12 is bent inwardly so that the upper end portion, which is one end of the second container 12, and the internal lead wire 7B are engaged, Engagement with the coiled portion of the internal lead wire 7B is ensured. Since the inner lead wire 7B is engaged with the upper end of the second container 12, the second container 12 can be positioned inside the first container 1, and the second heating element 11 and the heating element support 13 are provided. Can be disposed at a position where the heat generating unit can be reliably stored in the second container 12, and the position of the second heat generating component B in the heat generating unit in the longitudinal direction of the heat generating unit can be regulated. As described above, since the second container 12 serves as a reference for position regulation of the second heating element 11 in the longitudinal direction of the heating element unit, the entire second heating element 11 is more reliably secured by the second container 12. Covered with. In addition, since the internal lead wire 7B is formed in a large spiral shape and is entangled and fixed at a position where the end (upper end portion) of the second container 12 is bent inward, the second heat generating component The position restriction of each part in B is accurately maintained. In the first embodiment, since the heating element unit is arranged so that the extending direction (longitudinal direction) is the vertical direction, the internal lead wire 7B is engaged with the upper end portion of the second container 12. However, the position of the second heat generating component B may be regulated by a configuration in which the inner lead wire 7B is engaged at both upper and lower ends of the second container 12.

  In the heating element unit according to the first embodiment, the second heating element 11 having a spiral shape is accommodated in the cylindrical second container 12, and both end portions of the second container 12 are opened. Therefore, the radiant heat from the first heating element 2 previously energized heats the second heating element 11 and the argon gas or argon gas and nitrogen gas sealed in the first container 1 is mixed. The second heating element 11 is heated by the temperature rise of the inert gas such as gas. That is, gas diffusion occurs in the first container 1 due to radiant heat from the first heating element 2, and the internal pressure of the first container 1 increases. At this time, since both ends of the cylindrical second container 12 are open, the inert gas in the second container 12 circulates quickly, and the second heating element 11 itself is circulated by heat conduction of the inert gas. Increase the temperature further.

  In addition, since the 1st container 1 which accommodates the 1st heat generating body 2, and the 2nd container 12 which accommodates the 2nd heat generating body 11 are satisfy | filled with the same inert gas, one heat generating body is carried out. It goes without saying that the higher the thermal conductivity of the inert gas when energized, the higher the effect of warming the other heating element before energization or the other heating element that rises slowly.

  In the configuration of the heating element unit of the first embodiment, when a tungsten material is used as the material of the second heating element 11, the second heating element 11 has a temperature of about 2400 K (2127 ° C.) or less, and the second The inventor has confirmed that tungsten of the heating element 11 does not deteriorate by reacting with the material of the first heating element 1, for example, a carbon-based substance.

In the heat generating unit of the first embodiment, the second container 12 functions as an insulating wall for the first heat generating structure A and the second heat generating structure B. The heating element 11 is arranged via the second container 12. For this reason, the 1st heat generating body 2 and the 2nd heat generating body 11 become a structure arrange | positioned in the 1st container 1 reliably having an insulation distance.
In addition, since the first heating element 1 and the second container 12 are arranged with almost no gap inside the first container 1, when an impact is applied to the first heating element A, Since the second container 12 does not move greatly inside the first container 1 and the end of the second container 12 is rounded, the second container 12 itself is damaged, the first container 1 Is prevented from being damaged.

  In the second heat generating structure B, the method of fixing the second container 12 is not limited to the method shown in FIG. 1, but the second container 12 is provided with a recess to provide an internal lead wire. A method of fitting a part of 7B, a method of using a fixture inside the second container 12, for example, a method of preventing the movement of the internal lead wire 7B by attaching an insertion pin, a spacer or the like, Any fixing method can be used as long as the inert gas in the heating element unit can circulate through the inside of the second container 12 without blocking the inside of the container 12.

  The end surfaces of both end portions of the second container 12 are formed into a smooth curved surface by performing a melting curved surface forming process by deburring, heating, or the like, and the damage prevention as well as the strength of the second container 12 is further improved. Can do.

  Since the second container 12 has a cylindrical configuration with both ends open so that the inert gas can circulate, the first heat generating structure A and the second heat generating structure B are placed inside the first container 1. Arranged in close contact with each other and by sealing both end portions of the first container 1, the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are arranged with a minimum insulation distance. In addition, the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 can be reliably used in an inert gas atmosphere that circulates.

  Further, in the heating element unit of the first embodiment, since the inert gas is circulated inside the first container 1, for example, only the first heating element 2 is energized to supply the first heating element. 2 is heated, heat diffusion occurs in the first container 1, the second heating element 11 is heated, the temperature of the second heating element 11 before energization is increased, and the second heating element 11 is heated. It is possible to increase the rate of temperature rise when the heating element 11 is energized. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained even if the heating order of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 is reversed.

  The material of the 2nd container 12 should just be a material which has heat resistance and insulation, for example, heat resistant glass, crystallized glass, quartz, ceramics etc. are preferable. In particular, a material having transparency in the infrared region is preferable as the material of the second container 12.

Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the first heat generating component A in the first embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the holding block 3 fixed to both ends of the first heating element 2 is composed of two cylindrical portions having different diameters depending on the level difference. The coil portion 5 of the internal lead wire member 10 is wound around the small-diameter portion 3a that is a thin portion. The large-diameter portion 3b, which is a portion having a large diameter, has a cut (slit) formed therein, and is inserted and sandwiched between the end portions of the first heating element 2, and is electrically connected to each other. The holding block 3 is formed of a material having conductivity and heat dissipation, and for example, a ceramic material, particularly graphite, is preferable, or a material having excellent conductivity such as a metal material may be used. Further, the shape of the holding block 3 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a shape that is easy to manufacture, such as a rectangular shape.

  The small diameter portion 3a having a small diameter in the holding block 3 is fixed with a coil portion 5 in which a metal wire having elasticity formed of a material such as molybdenum, tungsten, or nickel is spirally wound. The coil portion 5 is wound in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 3a of the holding block 3, and both are electrically connected. The coil part 5 is connected to the internal lead wire 7A through a spring part 6 having elasticity.

  In the first heat generating structure A of the first embodiment, since the spring portion 6 is formed between the internal lead wire 7A and the coil portion 5, it is possible to absorb a dimensional change due to expansion of the first heat generating body 2. It is a configuration. Moreover, if the coil part 5 is a method of being electrically connected to the holding block 3, welding or the like may be used.

  As described above, the first heat generating structure A includes the holding blocks 3 and 3, the coil portions 5 and 5, the spring portions 6 and 6, the internal lead wires 7 </ b> A and 7 </ b> A, and molybdenum foil on both sides of the first heat generating member 2. 8A, 8A and external lead wires 9A, 9A are connected to each other, and the first heating element 2 is energized by supplying power to the external lead wire 9A.

Next, a specific configuration of the second heat generating component B in Example 1 will be described.
The second heating element 11 is formed in a spiral shape (coil shape), and a metal wire is wound around the spiral second heating element 11 at predetermined intervals to form a ring shape. The tool 13 is configured. Internal lead wires 7B and 7B are formed by extending both end portions of the spiral second heating element 11, and the internal lead wires 7B and 7B are external lead wires 9A and 9A via molybdenum foils 8B and 8B. Are connected to each. The second container 12 reliably covers the second heating element 11 and the heating element support 13 and is engaged with the internal lead wires 7A and 7A.
In the second heat generating structure B, the second container 12 covers the second heat generating body 11 and is capable of exposing the second heat generating body 11 to an inert gas. The heat generating structure A can be disposed close to the heat generating structure A.

  In the heating element unit according to the first embodiment configured as described above, when power is supplied to the external lead wires 9A and / or 9B led out from both sides, the first heating element 2 and / or the second heat generation are performed. A current flows through the body 11 and heat is generated by the resistance of the respective heating elements 2 and 11. At this time, infrared rays are emitted from the respective heating elements 2 and 11.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating temperature characteristics of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 in the heating element unit according to the first embodiment.
In the heat generating unit of the first embodiment, the first heat generating element 2 has a temperature characteristic curve (first heat generating element temperature characteristic curve) indicated by reference numeral C in FIG. 2, and the second heat generating element 11 is illustrated in FIG. It has a temperature characteristic curve (second heating element temperature characteristic curve) indicated by a symbol D. As described above, in the heating element unit of the first embodiment, the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 have different temperature characteristics. By appropriately setting, it becomes possible to instantaneously input a large input while preventing an inrush current. That is, the first heating element 2 is first energized to generate heat and the second heating element 11 is heated, and the second heating element 11 is heated when the second heating element 11 reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 1000 ° C.). By configuring the body 11 to generate heat by energizing it, it becomes possible to input a large input while preventing an inrush current.

  In the heating element unit of Example 1, the first heating element 2 is composed of a carbon-based material formed into a long plate shape, and a resistance adjusting substance of a nitrogen compound on a crystallized carbon substrate such as graphite. , And a mixture of amorphous carbon. As the first heating element 2 in Example 1, for example, a carbon heating element having a plate width of 3.6 mm, a plate thickness of 0.3 mm, and a length of 280 mm was used. As for the 1st heat generating body 2, it is desirable that ratio of plate width / plate thickness is 5 times or more. By making the plate width 5 times or more larger than the plate thickness, the amount of heat emitted from the surface constituting the plate width becomes significantly larger than the amount of heat emitted from the surface constituting the plate thickness, and directivity for heat dissipation of the first heating element 2 is achieved. It becomes possible to have.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first heating element temperature characteristic curve C of the first heating element 2 has almost no change in the heating element resistance value due to the heating element temperature (resistance change rate is within ± 10%). ) The current at power-on and the current at equilibrium are almost the same.
The first heating element 2 made of a carbon-based material has high heat generation efficiency, has a very short time from the start of heating until reaching the rated temperature, has no inrush current during lighting, and does not generate flicker. It is a heating element. The life of the first heating element 2 is as long as about 10,000 hours.

On the other hand, the second heating element 11 used in Example 1 is configured by forming a tungsten material in a spiral shape (coil shape), and the diameter varies depending on the specification. About 2 mm was used. The second heating element 11 is formed in a spiral shape. However, by providing a coil dense portion in the extending direction (longitudinal direction), the temperature distribution in the extending direction can be set to a desired temperature distribution. .
The second container 12 is provided with a heating element support tool 13 in which a tungsten wire is wound in a ring shape around a tungsten coil that is the second heating element 11, so that the round inner wall is provided if the heating element support tool 13 is round. The tungsten coil that is the second heating element 11 can be reliably supported with respect to the second container 12 having the above. When the heating element temperature of the second heating element 11 is high, the heating element support tool 13 is used so that the second heating element 11 can be held in the second container 12 without contacting the inner wall of the second container 12. However, when the set temperature of the second heating element 11 is lower than the softening temperature of the second container 12, there is no need for a heating element support tool, and the second heating element 11 is directly connected to the inner wall of the second container 12. The configuration supported by

  In Example 1, the second container 12 has an inner diameter of 3.0 mm and an outer diameter of 5.0 mm, and the first container 1 has an inner diameter of 10.5 mm and an outer diameter of 12.5 mm. used. Inside the first container 1, a second container having a first heating element 2 having a width of 3.6 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm and a second heating element 11 inside the first heating element 2. 12 are arranged so as to be substantially intimate.

  As shown in the second heating element temperature characteristic curve D of FIG. 2, the heating element resistance value according to the heating element temperature of the second heating element 11 changes proportionally greatly. When the body was energized alone, the inrush current was about 40A and stabilized at 5A at equilibrium. As described above, in the second heating element 11, a large current, that is, an inrush current was generated when the power was turned on. As a method for dealing with such an inrush current, for example, in terms of control, there are methods such as increasing the contact capacity and increasing the thyristor capacity. However, such a countermeasure cannot avoid all dangers.

  At the time of lighting of the heating element unit of Example 1 configured as described above, when the first heating element 2 is turned on by first energizing and stabilized at 1100 ° C., the second heating element 11 is The temperature instantaneously rises due to heat conduction by radiant heat and gas diffusion from the first heating element 2, and the resistance value of the second heating element 11 is as shown in the second heating element temperature characteristic curve D of FIG. growing. As a result, the inrush current generated when the second heating element 11 is energized can be reduced. In Example 1, the inrush current could be reduced from 40 A to 8 A by energizing the second heating element 11 after the heat generation state of the first heating element 2 was stabilized as described above.

  When the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are configured to be electrically connected in parallel and lit, the first heating element 2 having the first heating element temperature characteristic curve C is first energized. The second heating element 11 having the second heating element temperature characteristic curve D is pre-heated and then the second heating element 11 is energized and turned on to turn on the second heating element temperature characteristic. It is possible to reduce the inrush current in the second heating element 11 having the curve D. That is, when a plurality of heating elements are lit in parallel, the relationship between the heating element temperature and the heating element resistance value has a slope close to a negative characteristic (for example, a heating element temperature characteristic curve indicated by E in FIG. 2). The heating element of the heating element temperature characteristic curve (for example, the second heating element temperature characteristic curve D in FIG. 2) is sequentially turned on. It is configured to go. By configuring in this way, it becomes possible to heat each heating element sequentially and to significantly reduce each inrush current. Needless to say, the thermal conductivity of each heating element can be selected and adjusted according to the type of gas and the gas pressure.

  As another method for reducing the inrush current of a heating element having a positive heating element temperature characteristic curve, for example, the first heating element 2 of the first heating element temperature characteristic curve C having a slope close to a negative characteristic, for example. And the second heating element 11 of the second heating element temperature characteristic curve D having a positive characteristic slope, the respective heating elements are electrically connected in series and energized, and then turned on. By switching to parallel connection, it is possible to disperse the voltage applied to both ends of each heating element and suppress inrush current. In this way, switching the energization circuit of the heating element is an effective means for suppressing the inrush current in the second heating element 11 having the positive second heating element temperature characteristic curve D. In the case of such a configuration, the measured value of the inrush current is about 12 A, and it was confirmed that it was greatly suppressed.

Further, in the configuration of the heating element unit of the first embodiment, by arranging the plate width surface of the first heating element 2 toward the second heating element 11 and first lighting the first heating element 2. Needless to say, the second heating element 11 can be heated more quickly.
In the heating element unit according to the first embodiment, the heating element is made of a carbon-based material in the form of a fiber fabric or felt and has a substantially flat surface portion, or the cross-sectional shape is polygonal and has a substantial flat surface portion. By configuring it in the shape of a long bar, a heat source having high directivity can be constructed by heat radiation from the flat portion of the heating element.

  In the heating element unit of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the first heating element 2 having the first heating element temperature characteristic curve C in which the heating element resistance value hardly changes depending on the heating element temperature, The example using the second heating element 11 having the characteristic second heating element temperature characteristic curve D has been described. However, instead of the first heating element 2, the heating element temperature characteristic curve indicated by symbol E in FIG. By using a heating element having the above, it is possible to further reduce the inrush current and improve the rise of the heating temperature.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a heat generation temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the heat generating unit of the first embodiment.
In FIG. 3, the temperature distribution curve indicated by reference sign F is a temperature distribution curve by the first heat generating structure A, and the temperature distribution curve indicated by reference sign G is a temperature distribution curve by the second heat generating structure B. A temperature distribution curve indicated by a symbol H is a temperature distribution curve by the heating element unit of Example 1 in which the first heating component A and the second heating component B are combined.

  In the first heat generating structure A of the first embodiment, the heat generating body holding portion 21 with a small heat generation amount is formed at both end portions of the first heat generating body 2. On the other hand, in the second heat generating structure B of the first embodiment, a coil dense portion 22 is formed in which the coils are densely formed so that the heat generation amount is increased at both end portions of the second heat generating body 11. The heating element holding part 21 of the first heating component A and the coil dense part 22 of the second heating element B are arranged at the same position in the longitudinal direction. As a result, in the heating element unit of the first embodiment, the heating element holding part 21 with a small heating value and the coil dense part 22 with a large heating value are combined. The temperature can be compensated for in the dense portion 22 and becomes the temperature distribution curve H shown in FIG. As a result, in the heat generating unit of the first embodiment, a heat generation temperature distribution that effectively uses the entire heat generating portion of the heat generating unit is possible, and a wide heat generation temperature distribution is possible with a small heat generating unit. The housing can be shortened.

  In Example 1, there is a merit that there is no inrush current, but the first heating element 2 in which the setting of the heat generation temperature distribution is difficult and the second in which the heat generation temperature distribution is easy to set but the inrush current is large. The first heating element 11 is housed in the first container 1, and the second heating element 11 is inserted into the second container 12, so that the first heating element 2 is reliably separated and insulated, and By transferring heat with an inert gas having good thermal conductivity, it is possible to design a heating element unit having no inrush current and a long effective length as compared with the whole apparatus.

  In the first embodiment, the carbon-based substance is used as the material for the first heating element 2. However, the temperature characteristics of the first heating element 2, that is, the heating element temperature and the heating element resistance value, Molybdenum disilicide, lanthanum chromite, silicon carbide, which has a temperature characteristic in which the relationship between the heating element temperature and the heating element resistance value does not change substantially (within ± 10%) from the negative characteristic in which the relationship is substantially inversely proportional The same effect as in Example 1 is obtained by configuring the heating element using a material mainly composed of nichrome, Fe (iron) -Cr (chromium) -AL (aluminum) alloy, or stainless steel. It is possible to play.

  In the heating element unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention using a heating material, when the first heating element 2 is the above material, it is not necessary to use it in an inert gas atmosphere, and it can be used in air. Therefore, if the second heating element 11 is made of a tungsten material, the second container covering the second heating element 11 is used as a sealing structure, and the second container 11 is placed in the first container with both cylindrical ends open. You may comprise so that two containers may be accommodated. However, in such a configuration, heat conduction by the inert gas does not occur, but the inrush current is generated by heating the second heating element 11 by direct heat radiation from the first heating element 2. It is possible to obtain the same effect that suppresses the occurrence of.

In the first embodiment, the example in which the two heating elements 2 and 11 are used in the first container 1 has been described. However, a configuration in which a plurality of heat generating components are arranged in the first container 1 is also possible. is there. In this case, every other heating element is covered with a container which is a heat-resistant tube so that adjacent heating elements are not in direct contact with each other and a desired insulation distance can be reliably ensured.
If the 1st container 1 used in Example 1 has the light transmittance of an infrared region, the heat of the infrared region from the 1st heat generating body 2 permeate | transmits the 1st container 1, and the 1st heat generating body. The non-heated object can be efficiently heated without being absorbed by 2, and the heat radiation directivity of the first heating element 2 can be improved. Further, if the second container 12 also has light transmittance in the infrared region, the first heating element 2 can efficiently heat the second heating element 11, and the second heating element 11 is energized. It is possible to shorten the switching time for starting the operation. Therefore, the heating time for suppressing the inrush current of the second heating element 11 is shortened, and the rise time as the heating element unit can be shortened.

Hereinafter, the heating apparatus of Example 2 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated, referring attached FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the heat source portion in the heating apparatus of the second embodiment. The heat source portion of the heating device of the second embodiment is a heat source portion in the copying machine, which absorbs the heat generated from the heat generating unit 20 described in the first exemplary embodiment and the heat generating unit 20 to the paper 25. A heating roller 23 for fixing the toner 26 and a pressing roller 24 for pressing the paper 25 on which the toner 26 is placed against the heating roller 23 are configured. In addition to the above heat source portion, the heating device of the second embodiment includes a control unit that controls power supply to the heating element unit 20 and a drive control unit that transports paper, although not shown. Is provided. Further, the heating device according to the second embodiment includes components of a commonly used heating device such as a casing that forms the appearance of the device.
Hereinafter, regarding the heating apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the configuration of the heat source portion which is a feature of the present invention will be described in detail.

  Since the heating element unit 20 in the heating device of the second embodiment is the same as the heating element unit shown in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment, the flat plate-like first heating element 2 and the second container 12 (heat resistant) A second heating element 11 covered with a tube) is arranged in parallel in the first container (glass tube) 1. In the heating element unit in the heating device according to the second embodiment, a ceramic coating layer 27 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first container 1. As the ceramic coating layer 27, porous alumina, cordierite, mullite, etc. that can withstand thermal stress are formed thick to prevent light transmission and to further increase the temperature faster, so that the second heating element 11 is protected. Heating can be accelerated. If the first container 1 is a transparent quartz tube, the second heating element 11 is heated earlier by suppressing the inrush current by making it opaque by processing such as blasting, and at an early stage of energization. A large current can be input.

In the configuration of the second embodiment according to the present invention, only the first heating element 2 is energized and turned on in the initial stage of energization, and the inert gas in the first container 1 is heated and the second in the second container 12 is turned on. The second heating element 11 is heated by heat radiation. For this reason, the 2nd heat generating body 11 is heated by the gas diffusion of the inert gas in the 1st container 1 with heat radiation. As a result, the temperature of the second heating element 11 rises quickly. In the configuration of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the planar portion of the first heating element 2 is configured to face the toner fixing area between the heating roller 23 and the pressing roller 24. Since the ceramic coating layer 27 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the container 1, the radiant heat from the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 effectively heats the entire first container 1. It is a configuration.
In addition, the plane part of the 1st heat generating body 2 is arrange | positioned so that it may face the 2nd heat generating body 11, and it heats up the 2nd heat generating body to predetermined temperature instantly, and suppresses generation | occurrence | production of inrush current, and rise time It is possible to make it the structure which aims at shortening.

  In the heating apparatus according to the second embodiment, since the coating layer 27 and the like are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first container 1, the heating roller 23 can be fixed without uneven heating. The first heating element 2 has directivity and causes uneven heating, but depends on the thickness of the heating roller 23 and the material of the heating roller 23 (heat conductivity, etc.). However, the cause of the uneven heating can be solved by the coating layer 27, blast treatment, opaque tube or the like. However, it goes without saying that these solutions are not necessarily indispensable elements and can be dealt with by the thickness and material of the heating roller 23.

  In the heating device of the second embodiment, the heating roller 23 has a uniform surface temperature in the longitudinal direction, and takes into account that heat is taken by a driving part such as a gear, etc., in the temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the heating element unit 20. Both ends are set slightly higher (see FIG. 3). Further, although the temperature distribution changes due to the switching of the paper size, the temperature distribution can be made uniform using the two heating elements 2 and 11 as shown in FIG. It becomes possible to design the temperature distribution freely. At present, halogen bulbs are often used as heating elements, but halogen bulbs have an inrush current, and a large current cannot be applied to speed up the start-up. However, by using the configuration of the heat source portion of the heating device of the second embodiment, not only the inrush current can be reduced, but also a configuration that can stand by with low power during standby. The currently used halogen light bulb has a drawback that its lifetime is shortened when the tube wall temperature falls below 250 ° C., but is used in combination with the first heating element 2 in the heating element unit in the heating device according to the present invention. Thus, the structure can achieve a long life even at a low temperature.

  Although the copying machine has been described as an example of the heating device in the second embodiment, the configuration of the heat source portion is, for example, a radiant electric heater such as a heating stove, a cooking device such as cooking heating, and drying of food, etc. It can be applied to electronic devices such as machines, facsimiles, printers, and other devices that need to be heated to a high temperature in a short time.

  Hereinafter, the heating apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the heat source portion in the heating device of Example 3, and shows a cross section orthogonal to the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of the reflector 50. The heat source part in the heating device of Example 3 has a structure in which the heating element unit of Example 1 described above is used as a heat source and a reflector 50 is provided on the back side of the heating element unit (the heating target is a heating element). It is located on the front side of the unit.) As a heating device of Example 3, a heat source part in a radiant electric heater will be described as an example.

The heating element unit 20A used in Example 3 is arranged so that the planar portion of the first heating element 2 faces the front side (upper side in FIG. 5) and the rear side (lower side in FIG. 5) of the heating element unit 20A. The second heating element 11 is arranged on the back side of the first heating element 2.
As shown in FIG. 5, in Example 3, the reflecting plate 50 is provided on the back side of the heating element unit 20A, and the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of the reflecting plate 50 is the center thereof. A substantially isosceles triangular convex portion 50a protruding in the front direction (upward in FIG. 5) is formed in the portion. It arrange | positions so that the direction which the vertex of this convex part 50a faces may become the center (center of a heating source) of the 2nd heat generating body 11. FIG.

  Since the reflecting plate 50 is formed as described above, among the heat rays radiated from the second heating element 11 in the back direction, the heat rays emitted just behind the second heating element 11 are reflected by the reflecting plate 50. It is reflected by the inclined surface of the convex portion 50a, irradiates the vicinity of both end portions 50b in the width direction of the reflecting plate 50, and is widely reflected in the front direction of the heating device. That is, in the reflection plate 50 in the heating device of the third embodiment, the heat rays radiated directly behind the first heating element 11 are not reflected in the direction of the first heating element 11, and the first heating element 11 It is comprised so that it may reflect in the both ends of the width direction which are not arrange | positioned. As a result, the heating device using the reflecting plate 50 shown in FIG. 5 increases the amount of heat rays reflected from the both end portions in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reflecting plate 50 to the front side, and makes the object to be heated highly efficient. It becomes possible to heat.

  In the heating apparatus of Example 3, the temperature of the second heating element 11 is about 2500 ° C., and the center wavelength thereof is about 1.03 μm. Further, since the temperature of the first heating element 2 is about 1100 ° C. and the center wavelength thereof is about 2.1 μm, the wavelength of 2.1 μm from the first heating element 2 is observed from the center of the reflector 50. Heat rays are radiated, and heat rays with a wavelength of 1.03 μm from the second heating element 11 are radiated from both side portions of the reflector 50, and selective radiation is possible at the radiation position of the reflector 50.

  In addition, in the heating device of Example 3, the reflected light from the second heat generating element 11 having a high temperature is attenuated and dazzled from the viewpoint of glare, and the temperature on the front side of the second heat generating element 11 is low. Since the 1st heat generating body 2 is arrange | positioned, the light radiated | emitted directly from the 2nd heat generating body 11 to the front side is cut. If the reflector is not formed with a convex part and has a normal parabolic cross-sectional shape, the heat rays radiated directly behind the second heating element 11 are directly radiated from the reflector and feel dazzling. .

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another configuration of the heat source portion in the heating apparatus according to the third embodiment. The heating element unit 20B used for the heat source portion has a configuration in which the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are arranged on the same plane that separates the plane side and the back side. That is, each of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 is not arranged on the front side or the back side of each other, and is arranged at a position where it can be seen from the front side. And the plane part of the 1st heat generating body 2 is arrange | positioned so that the front side (upper side in FIG. 6) and the back side (lower side in FIG. 6) of the heat generating unit 20 may face. Moreover, the vertex of the substantially isosceles triangular convex part 50a which protruded in the front direction (upward direction in FIG. 6) in the central part of the reflecting plate 50 is opposed to the center of the heating element unit 20B (center of the heating source). That is, it is formed so as to protrude in the direction of the position between the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 arranged side by side.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the protrusion 50 a is provided so that the protruding direction of the protrusion 50 a of the reflector 50 is between the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11. By arranging the flat portion of the heating element 2 toward the object to be heated, the half surface portion (the right half surface portion in FIG. 6) of the reflecting plate 50 that faces the first heating element 2 is on the opposite side. It becomes a structure which reflects more heat rays from the 1st heat generating body 2 from a half surface part. Therefore, the wavelength can be divided to some extent for each half of the reflection plate 50. Each radiation from the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 is difficult to distinguish by actual measurement because the reflecting plate 50 is a spherical radiation, but has two types of wavelengths and different heating temperatures. By providing the heating element, it is possible to set two optimum absorption areas for each object to be heated. For this reason, the heating device having the heat source portion having the configuration shown in FIG. 6 has a configuration capable of increasing the heating efficiency more effectively.

  As the material of the reflector 50 used in the heating apparatus of Example 3, a plate material having a mirror finish on the surface of aluminum having a high reflectance was used. The material of the reflecting plate 50 may be any material having high reflectivity and heat resistance. For example, a metal plate such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel, or aluminum on the surface of the heat resistant material. A plate material or the like subjected to a metal thin film forming process such as titanium nitride, nickel, or chromium is used.

  The reflection plate 50 is formed to have the same cross section along the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of each heating element so as to cover the back surface of each heating element of the heating element unit. In addition, the reflecting plate 50 in Example 3 is formed longer than each heat generating body so that all the heat generating parts of the extending direction of each heat generating body may be covered. In addition, the number of heating elements can be three or more according to the specifications of the heating device. In this case, the same effect can be obtained by changing the shape of the reflecting plate according to the arrangement of the heating elements. .

  As described above, the heating device using the heating element unit and the reflector as a heat source has a wide range of heating, heating by parallel heat rays, an efficient heating method by the heating element temperature (center wavelength) for each absorption region, and high efficiency. It becomes a highly versatile heating apparatus that can perform heating and can easily change the design according to the object to be heated and the use environment.

  Although the radiant electric heater has been described as an example of the heating device in the third embodiment, the configuration of the heat source portion is, for example, a cooking appliance for cooking and heating, a dryer for food, etc., in addition to the radiant electric heater such as a heating stove , Electronic devices such as toner fixing in copiers, facsimiles, printers, etc., and devices that need to be heated to high temperatures in a short time.

  Hereinafter, the heating apparatus of Example 4 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated, referring attached FIG. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram for explaining an energization control method of the heating device according to the fourth embodiment.

  The heating device of Example 4 uses the heating element unit of Example 1 described above as a heat source, and is characterized by an energization control method for the heat source. Hereinafter, the two heating elements 2 and 11 provided in the heating element unit will be described as the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 as in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the respective heating elements 2 and 11 will be described. Is the same as the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 of the first embodiment.

  The circuit diagram shown in FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for controlling energization of the heating element unit in the heating device of the fourth embodiment, and shows a control circuit for the heating element unit in the heating device of the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, a first external terminal 61 and a second external terminal 62 are provided on the external lead wire 9A connected to both ends of the first heating element 2 of the heating element unit in the fourth embodiment. Yes. Further, a third external terminal 63 and a fourth external terminal 64 are provided on the external lead wire 9B connected to both ends of the second heat generating element 11 of the heat generating unit in the fourth embodiment.

  Further, the control circuit in the heating apparatus of the fourth embodiment is provided with three power supply terminals 65, 66, and 67 connected to the power supply V. The first power supply terminal 65 is configured to be connected to both the first external terminal 61 and the third external terminal 63 at the same time, or to be connected only to the first external terminal 61. The second power supply terminal 66 is configured so that both the second external terminal 62 and the fourth external terminal 64 can be connected simultaneously. The third power supply terminal 67 is configured to be connectable only to the third external terminal 63 when the first power supply terminal 65 is connected only to the first external terminal 61. At this time, The second external terminal 62 of the first heating element 2 and the fourth external terminal 64 of the second heating element 11 are configured to be electrically connected to each other.

  In the control circuit in the heating apparatus of the fourth embodiment configured as described above, the energization control of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 is performed as follows. Various connection states of the external terminals 61, 62, 63 and the power terminals 65, 66, 67 are controlled by a switching circuit (not shown) provided in the heating device.

[Parallel energization]
When the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are energized in parallel, the first external terminal 61 of the first heating element 2 and the third external terminal 63 of the second heating element 11 are 1 power supply terminal 65. At the same time, the second external terminal 62 of the first heating element 2 and the fourth external terminal 64 of the second heating element 11 are connected to the second power supply terminal 66. By connecting the control circuit in this way, for example, if the specifications of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are both 100 V applied and the power consumption is 500 W, the heating element is energized when 100 V is supplied by the power supply V. The power consumption of the unit is 1000W. In addition, when the first heating element 2 is applied with 100V, the heating element temperature is about 1100 ° C., and when the second heating element 11 is 100V, the heating element temperature is about 2500 ° C. with heat radiation. Done.

  As described in the above-described first embodiment, in the initial energization that is at the time of starting, the first heating element 2 whose temperature characteristic is closer to the negative characteristic is first energized to generate heat, and the second heating element 11 is heated. Inrush current can be reduced by applying both in parallel. Therefore, at the time of startup, in order to energize the first heating element 2, the first power supply terminal 65 is connected to the first external terminal 61, and at the same time, the second power supply terminal 66 is connected to the second external terminal 62. Connecting. And when the 2nd heat generating body 11 after predetermined time progresses reaches predetermined temperature, in order to energize the 2nd heat generating body 11, the 1st power supply terminal 65 is connected to the 3rd external terminal 63, and simultaneously The second power supply terminal 66 is connected to the fourth external terminal 64, and the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are connected in parallel to energize. In this way, by performing parallel energization control of the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11, the operation at the time of start-up in which the inrush current is suppressed is obtained.

  When energizing only the first heating element 2 alone, the first external terminal 61 of the first heating element 2 is connected to the first power supply terminal 65. At the same time, the second external terminal 62 of the first heating element 2 is connected to the second power supply terminal 66. At this time, no voltage is applied to the second heating element 11. By providing the control circuit connected in this manner, when the first heating element 2 has the above-mentioned specifications (100V, 500W), when 100V is energized by the power supply V, the power consumption of the infrared light bulb is 500W. The heating element 2 radiates heat at a heating element temperature of 1100 ° C. When the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are controlled in parallel, the first heating element 2 radiates heat at about 1100 ° C., and the second heating element 11 radiates heat at about 2500 ° C. I do.

[Series conduction]
When the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are energized in series, the first external terminal 61 of the first heating element 2 is connected to the first power supply terminal 65. At the same time, the second external terminal 62 of the first heating element 2 and the fourth external terminal 64 of the second heating element 11 are electrically connected to each other. Then, the third external terminal 63 of the second heating element 2 is connected to the third power supply terminal 67. By connecting the control circuit in this way, when the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 have the above specifications (100 V, 500 W), if 100 V is energized by the power supply V, the heating element unit is consumed. The power is 310 W in equilibrium. At that time, the inrush current was 4.2 A due to the combined resistance of the initial value. In the case of 200 V, the power consumption of the heating element unit is 1000 W in equilibrium. In this case, the inrush current was 6.5 A due to the initial combined resistance. When the first heating element 2 and the second heating element 11 are applied in parallel, the equilibrium becomes 100 V 1000 W, and when the second heating element 11 is energized simultaneously with the first heating element 2 from the initial stage, The inrush current of the heating element 11 was 40A. Therefore, the inrush current is about four times that of the current at equilibrium, whereas when connected in series as described above, the inrush current is about 1.3 times that of the current at equilibrium. I was able to.
In addition, heating with a high heating element temperature is possible by switching the connection state after series energization and performing parallel energization as described above.

  As described above, the control circuit of the heating device is provided with the three power supply terminals 65, 66, and 67 to switch the connection state of the plurality of heating elements, so that the control circuit can have the same input to the heating element unit. By selecting the energization method in, it is possible to change the heating element temperature and perform the adjustment heating at a desired temperature. Therefore, in the heating device of Example 4, it is possible to selectively heat the heating elements having different center wavelengths by performing energization control, and selectively heat the heating elements having different directivity of heat radiation. It is possible to control the heating temperature corresponding to the object to be heated.

  In addition, although the heating apparatus of Example 4 demonstrated in the example which controlled the heat radiation using the infrared lamp of the heat generating body unit of Example 1, this invention is not limited to such a heating apparatus. It is also possible to control the heat radiation by using it as a method for controlling the heating device of the above-described second embodiment.

  Moreover, in the heating apparatus of Example 4, it is also possible to consider temperature control as a selection condition when conducting energization control. As temperature control, for example, on / off control using a temperature detection means such as a thermostat, phase control of an input power source using a temperature detection sensor that senses an accurate temperature, power supply rate control, zero cross control etc. By performing in combination, a heating device capable of highly accurate temperature management can be realized. Therefore, according to the heating apparatus of the fourth embodiment configured as described above, heating with excellent radiation characteristics and high-accuracy temperature management can be performed by directivity control and energization control of the planar portion of the heating element.

  As described above, in the heating element unit of the present invention, a plurality of heating elements of heating materials having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature are included in the first container, Among them, the adjacent heating element is inserted into the second container (heat-resistant tube) to ensure insulation isolation, so the rise characteristic can be improved by selecting a heating element with different temperature characteristics and energizing it appropriately. Is possible. Further, in the heating element unit configured as described above, since one of the adjacent heating elements is covered with the second container (heat-resistant tube), the heating element is supported by the second container (heat-resistant tube). It is possible to reduce the size while separating from the adjacent heating elements.

  In the heating element unit according to the present invention, an inert gas is sealed in the first container, and a plurality of heating elements are accommodated in the first container so as to have an inrush current. A heating element (positive heating element) can be heated by heat radiation by a heating element having no inrush current, and the heating element having an inrush current can be heated by instantaneous heat conduction by heat diffusion of an inert gas. . As a result, in the heating element unit of the present invention, since the hot start that is energization after heating can be performed on the positive heating element, the inrush current when the positive heating element is turned on can be greatly suppressed. Become.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, the second container has a function of regulating the position of the heating element disposed therein, and has a function of preventing contact with other adjacent heating elements. Yes. As described above, in the heating element unit having the second container, it is possible to reliably perform position regulation with respect to the heating element that does not have a characteristic (shape retaining property) that maintains a constant shape, and is adjacent to the second container. Insulation separation from the matching heating elements can be easily performed, and the reaction between the materials of the heating elements can be prevented to extend the life of the heating elements.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, by arranging a plurality of heating elements having different heating temperature distributions in the first container, the temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the heating element unit can be easily set to a desired curve. In addition, it is possible to effectively and appropriately heat the object to be heated by selecting a heating wavelength by combining a plurality of heating elements.

  The heating element unit of the present invention has a configuration in which heating elements having different temperature characteristics can be selectively energized individually or in combination. For example, a plurality of heating elements can be temporarily stored at startup (lighting). By connecting a positive heating element that generates inrush current in series with a heating element that is closer to the negative characteristic from the negative characteristic to the negative characteristic, the inrush current can be greatly increased. Suppression is possible.

  The heating element unit of the present invention has a configuration in which a plurality of heating elements can be selectively energized individually or in combination, and the temperature characteristic is closer to the negative characteristic from the negative characteristic or the negative characteristic to the positive characteristic. A configuration in which the heating element is energized first at the time of start-up (lighting), and the energized heating element preheats a positive heating element having an inrush current to reduce the inrush current. Become.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, since it is possible to control energization of each heating element using a plurality of heating elements, for example, one heating element contains a carbon-based material and is formed by firing. When the carbon-based heating element is close to the negative characteristic among the negative characteristics to the positive characteristics, and the other heating element is a positive-characteristic heating element formed of a tungsten material, the carbon-based heating element as described above is used. It is possible to reduce the inrush current by performing energization control for energizing the current.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, since it is a configuration in which energization control is possible for each heating element using a plurality of heating elements, for example, one heating element includes a carbon-based substance and a resistance adjusting substance, It is a solid carbon-based heating element that is formed by firing and has a resistance change rate close to the negative characteristic among the negative characteristics to the positive characteristics within ± 10%, and the other heating element is made of tungsten material. When the body is a body, it is possible to reduce the inrush current by performing the energization control as described above.

  Moreover, in the heating element unit of the present invention, the heating element has a polygonal cross section in the longitudinal direction, and is formed in a long bar shape having a substantially flat portion, thereby enabling radiating heat radiation. In addition, the heating elements adjacent to each other before lighting can be heated more quickly to shorten the rise time of the heating elements. Thus, the heat generating unit is configured to reduce the rise time and to enable high input.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, when the heating element is formed of a metal selected from molybdenum disilicide, lanthanum chromite, silicon carbide, nichrome, Fe-Cr-AL alloy, and stainless steel, the first container Can be further improved in insulation and thermal conductivity by interposing the second container without being sealed, and a heating element unit capable of more excellent heating can be obtained. In this case, the first container can use not only the quartz tube but also crystallized glass that cannot be sealed, and the devitrification of the first container can be prevented.

  Further, in the heating element unit of the present invention, since the first container and the second container are formed of a material having optical transparency in the infrared region, the radiation energy of the heating element including many wavelengths in the infrared region is reduced. It can be efficiently used for heating an object to be heated, and adjacent heating elements can be efficiently heated not only by heat conduction but also by heat radiation. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat generating unit that can quickly start up and can efficiently heat an object to be heated.

  In the heating element unit of the present invention, when uniform heating or unidirectional heating for specifying the heating direction is required according to the heating purpose of the object to be heated, the first container and the second container Heat control can be performed by forming a treatment or material for suppressing light transmission on at least one of the container surfaces.

  In the present invention, since the first container and the second container are formed of a heat-resistant quartz material, the thermal shock resistance is excellent, the processing is easy, and the sealing process is possible. And since the gas tightness can be maintained, it is possible to construct a heating element unit that rises quickly.

  In addition, the heating device of the present invention has a configuration in which at least one set of heating element units having the above-described configuration is inserted into a cylindrical heating roller, thereby selecting and appropriately energizing heating elements having different temperature characteristics, It is possible to improve the rise characteristic. Furthermore, in the heating device of the present invention, by arranging a plurality of heating elements having different heating temperature distributions, the temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the heating element unit can be set to a desired temperature distribution curve. The temperature gradient at both ends of the roller can be improved.

  Further, the heating device of the present invention has a configuration in which a reflector is provided on the back side of at least one set of heating element units having the above-described configuration, and selects a heating wavelength by a plurality of combinations of heating elements, It can be heated efficiently and appropriately.

  Moreover, since the heating device of the present invention has a convex portion that protrudes toward the center of the heating element unit composed of a plurality of heating elements in the central portion in the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the reflector, Heating emitted from the heating element itself can be prevented from being reflected by the reflector, and when heating elements having different wavelengths are used, the wavelength can be adjusted by appropriately arranging the heating elements. It can be set as the structure which can be divided to some extent. Each radiation from the heating element is difficult to separate by actual measurement because the reflecting plate is a spherical radiation, but for example, when a heating element having two types of wavelengths and different heating temperatures is provided, It is possible to set two optimal absorption regions for each object, and the heating device can increase the heating efficiency more effectively.

  Further, the heating device of the present invention selectively connects a plurality of external terminals connected to each of the plurality of heating elements, a plurality of power supply terminals connected to a power source, and the external terminals and the power supply terminals. And a control circuit for connecting the heating elements in series, parallel or independently, and by appropriately combining the heating elements by the control circuit, the inrush current is reduced and the rise time is shortened. In addition, it is possible to provide a heating device capable of high input power.

  Further, in the heating device of the present invention, the control circuit is configured such that each of the on-off control, the energization rate control, the phase control, and the zero-crossing control is configured alone or in combination of at least two, so that the planar portion of the heating element is By directivity control and energization control, it becomes a device capable of heating with excellent radiation characteristics and highly accurate temperature management.

  As described above, the heating element unit of the present invention includes a plurality of heating elements composed of heating materials having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature in a first container, and includes a plurality of heating elements. One of the adjacent heating elements is inserted into the second container, the heating element inserted into the second container is separated from the other adjacent heating elements, and the first container is filled with gas. . For this reason, in the heating element unit of the present invention, by selecting a heating element having a different temperature characteristic and energizing it as appropriate, the heating element rushes into the first container and exhibits positive characteristics due to gas diffusion and heat conduction as the temperature rises. It is possible to suppress the current and improve the rising characteristics as the heating element unit. Furthermore, in the heating element unit of the present invention, since at least a part of the heating element inserted into the second container is covered with the second container, the heating element inserted into the second container The heating unit is regulated and held so as not to protrude in the direction of the outside of the container, and the heating element inserted into the second container and the adjacent heating element can be separated in a short distance or a small space. Can be miniaturized. In addition, the heating device using the heating element unit configured as described above appropriately controls energization of a plurality of heating elements having different temperature characteristics, and has high efficiency, high reliability and safety, and long life. A heating means can be constructed.

  The heating element unit according to the present invention can be used as a small and highly efficient heat source, and a heating device using the heating element unit is useful as a heating means that can reduce inrush current.

The top view which shows the structure of the heat generating body unit of Example 1 which concerns on this invention. The characteristic view which shows the heat generating body temperature characteristic of the heat generating unit in Example 1 which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the temperature distribution of the heat generating body unit of Example 1 which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the heat-source part in the heating apparatus of Example 2 which concerns on this invention Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the heat-source part in the heating apparatus of Example 3 which concerns on this invention Sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the heat-source part in the heating apparatus of Example 3 which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the control circuit of the heating apparatus of Example 4 which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st container 2 1st heat generating body 3 Holding block 5 Coil part 6 Spring part 7A, 7B Internal lead wire 8A, 8B Molybdenum foil 9A, 9B External lead wire 10 Internal lead wire member 11 2nd heat generating body 12 2nd 2 container 13 Heating element support tool 20 Heating element unit 21 Heating element holding part 22 Coil dense part 23 Heating roller 24 Pressing roller 25 Paper 26 Toner 27 Coating layer 50 Reflecting plate 61 First external terminal 62 Second external terminal 63 Third external terminal 64 Fourth external terminal 65 First power supply terminal 66 Second power supply terminal 67 Third power supply terminal

Claims (19)

A plurality of heating elements formed of heating materials having different temperature characteristics representing a rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature;
A first container containing the heating element;
A second container that is disposed in the first container and in which any one of the adjacent heating elements among the heating elements is inserted to separate the adjacent heating elements;
A heating element unit comprising:   2. The heating element unit according to claim 1, wherein an inert gas is sealed in the first container at a constant pressure, and the first container is sealed.   The second container has means for regulating the position of the heating element inserted into the second container, and the contact between the heating element in the second container and the heating element outside the second container The heating element unit according to claim 2, wherein the heating element unit is configured to prevent the above.   The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of heating elements have different heat generation temperature distribution characteristics.   5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heating elements having different temperature characteristics representing a rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature can be selected to be individually energized or combined energized. 6. The heating element unit described.   5. The heating element unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating element unit has a configuration in which at least a series energization connection is possible for a predetermined period with respect to a plurality of heating elements having different temperature characteristics representing a rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature. .   It is possible to select energization or combination energization for a plurality of heating elements having different temperature characteristics representing the rate of change in resistance value with respect to temperature, and the negative or positive characteristics in the temperature characteristics of each of the plurality of heating elements. The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heating element unit is configured to compare the characteristics and to energize a heating element closer to a negative characteristic first when energization is started.   The at least one of the plurality of heating elements includes a carbon-based material and is a carbon-based heating element formed by firing, and at least one of the plurality of heating elements is a heating element made of a tungsten material. The heating element unit according to any one of 1 to 7.   Among the plurality of heating elements, at least one is a solid carbon-based heating element that includes a carbon-based substance and a resistance adjusting substance and is formed by firing, and at least one heating element is formed of a tungsten material. The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating element unit is configured to be configured as follows.   Among the plurality of heating elements, at least one heating element has a polygonal cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the extending direction of the heating element, and at least a part of the outer surface of the heating element is substantially a flat portion. The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heating element unit is formed.   The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the heating element is formed of a metal selected from molybdenum disilicide, lanthanum chromite, silicon carbide, nichrome, Fe-Cr-AL alloy, and stainless steel. unit.   The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first container and the second container are formed of a material having light transmittance in an infrared region.   The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a part of a surface of any one of the first container and the second container is configured to suppress light transmission.   The heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first container and the second container are formed of a heat-resistant quartz material.   15. A heating device comprising the heating element unit according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and a heating roller, wherein the heating device is configured to enclose the heating element unit in the heating roller.   15. A heating device comprising the heating element unit according to claim 1 and a reflecting plate, wherein at least one heating element unit is arranged to face the reflecting plate. A heating device.   The heating device according to claim 16, wherein the reflecting plate is formed with a convex portion projecting toward the center of the heating element unit at least in a central portion of a cross section orthogonal to the extending direction of the heating element unit. .   A heating circuit according to any one of claims 15 to 17, further comprising a power supply circuit including a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is connected to a plurality of external terminals connected to each of the plurality of heating elements, and a power supply. A heating apparatus comprising a switching device for selectively connecting a plurality of connected power supply terminals, the external terminal and the power supply terminal, and connecting the heating elements in series, in parallel or independently.   The heating device according to claim 18, wherein the control circuit is configured by any one of on / off control, energization rate control, phase control, and zero cross control, or a combination of at least two controls.

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