JP2007518290A - Transmission of overhead information to receive multiple data streams - Google Patents

Abstract

Techniques have been described that transmit overhead information to facilitate efficient reception of individual data streams. A base station may transmit multiple data streams on multiple data channels (or MLCs). The MLC may be transmitted on different frequency subbands at different times. The time-frequency position of each MLC may change according to time. The overhead information indicates the time-frequency location of each MLC and may be sent as “composite” overhead information and “embedded” overhead information. The composite overhead information indicates the time-frequency location of all MLCs and is sent periodically in each superframe. The wireless device receives the composite overhead information, determines the time-frequency location of each MLC of interest, and receives each MLC at the indicated time-frequency location. The embedded overhead information for each MLC indicates the MLC time-frequency position in the next superframe and is transmitted with the MLC payload in the current superframe.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  This application is a provisional US application 60 / 514,320 filed October 24, 2003 (“Method for Adding Overhead Information to Receive Multiple Multimedia Streams over Mobile Wireless Radio Links”), September 1, 2004. No. 10 / 932,586 (“Method for Adding Overhead Information to Receive Multiple Multimedia Streams over Mobile Wireless Radio Links”), and Provisional US Application No. 60 / filed on April 5, 2004. No. 559,740 (“Multiplexing and Transmission of Multiple Data Streams in a Wireless Multi-Carrier Communication System”), which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD The present invention relates generally to communication, and more specifically to techniques for transmitting overhead information for receiving multiple data streams in a communication system.

  A base station in a wireless communication system may simultaneously transmit multiple data streams for broadcast, multicast, and / or unicast services. Broadcast transmissions are sent to all wireless devices within the designated coverage area, multicast transmissions are sent to groups of wireless devices, and unicast transmissions are sent to specific wireless devices. For example, a base station may broadcast multiple data streams for a multimedia (eg, television) program over a terrestrial radio link for reception by a wireless device. In general, a base station transmits any number of data streams, which can vary over time, and each data stream can have a fixed or variable data rate.

  A wireless device within the coverage area of a base station may be interested in receiving one or only a few specific data streams in a number of data streams transmitted by the base station. When the base station multiplexes the entire data stream into one composite stream before transmission, the wireless device receives the signal transmitted by the base station and processes the received signal (eg, down-converting, demodulating). And decoding), it may be necessary to obtain the composite stream sent by the base station and perform demultiplexing to extract one or several specific data streams of interest. This type of processing would not be a problem for a receiver unit that is intended to be always powered on. However, many wireless devices are portable and are powered by an internal battery. Continuously demodulating and decoding the received signal and restoring only one or a few data streams of interest consumes a significant amount of battery power, which greatly reduces the “on” time of the wireless device. Can be shortened.

  When multiple data streams are transmitted individually, the base station may also transmit control information on a dedicated control channel, indicating when and where each data stream will be transmitted. In this case, the wireless device needs to continuously decode the dedicated control channel to obtain control information for each data stream of interest, which can deplete battery power. The wireless device also needs to decode each data stream of interest with a dedicated control channel simultaneously, which can increase the complexity of the wireless device.

  Therefore, there is a need in the art for techniques to send overhead information so that individual data streams of interest to a wireless device can be efficiently received with reduced power consumption.

  Techniques for transmitting overhead information to facilitate efficient reception of individual data streams are described herein. A base station may transmit multiple data streams on multiple data channels. A data channel is also referred to below as a multiplexed logical channel (MLC), but may also be referred to by some other terminology. Each MLC holds one or more data streams and may be transmitted at different times, on different frequency subbands, and so on. The time-frequency position of each MLC may change according to time. The overhead information indicates a time-frequency position at which each MLC is transmitted. The total MLC overhead information may be sent in two parts called “composite” overhead information and “embedded” overhead information.

  In an embodiment, the composite overhead information includes the location information of all MLCs, as described separately, and is sent periodically at the beginning of each superframe for a predetermined time duration. The composite overhead information for each superframe includes location information for each MLC for that superframe, and this location information indicates the time-frequency location at which the MLC is transmitted in the superframe. The wireless device receives the composite overhead information of the current superframe, determines the time-frequency location of each MLC of interest based on the MLC location information, and determines each individual interested in the current superframe. The MLC may be received at the indicated time-frequency location. Regular known transmission of complex overhead information allows wireless devices in the system to quickly acquire each MLC of interest, decode each desired MLC with the shortest “on” time, and quickly switch between MLCs. Make it possible to change.

  The composite overhead information may be divided into a wide-area portion and a local-area portion. The wide area portion may include location information for all MLCs for a wide coverage area (eg, nationwide). The local area portion may include location information for all MLCs for local coverage areas (eg, the entire city). The wide area portion and the local area portion can be handled separately by both the base station and the wireless device for robust reception performance.

  In an embodiment, the embedded overhead information for each MLC in each superframe includes the location information of that MLC in the future (eg, the next) superframe and is transmitted along with the MLC payload in the current superframe. Is done. A wireless device that receives a given MLC may obtain embedded overhead information for that MLC as part of the processing for the MLC in the current superframe. Thus, the wireless device may use this information to receive the MLC in the next superframe without having to “wake-up” and receive the composite overhead information sent in the next superframe. .

  Various aspects and embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below.

  The features and nature of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings, wherein like reference numerals identify correspondingly throughout.

  The term “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration”. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs.

  Techniques described herein for transmitting overhead information include wireless and wireline communication systems, time division multiplexed (TDM) systems, frequency division multiplexed (FDM) systems. , Code division multiplexed (CDM) systems, single-input single-output (SISO) systems, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, single carrier And single-carrier and multi-carrier systems, etc. Multiple carriers may be provided by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), some other multi-carrier modulation technique, or some other configuration. OFDM effectively partitions the overall system bandwidth into a number (N) of orthogonal subbands. These subbands are also referred to as tones, carriers, subcarriers, bins, and frequency channels. With OFDM, each subband is associated with a respective subcarrier that may be modulated with data. The techniques described herein may also be used for broadcast, multicast, and unicast services. For clarity, these techniques are described below for an exemplary wireless multi-carrier broadcast communication system.

  FIG. 1 shows a wireless multi-carrier broadcast communication system 100. System 100 includes a number of base stations 110 distributed throughout the system. A base station is generally a fixed station and may also be called an access point, a transmitter, or some other terminology. Wireless device 120 is located throughout the coverage area of the system. A wireless device may be fixed or mobile and may also be called a user terminal, a mobile station, user equipment, or some other terminology. A wireless device may also be a portable unit, such as a cellular phone, handheld device, wireless module, personal digital assistant (PDA), and so on.

  Each base station may transmit wide area content, local area content, or a combination of both. Wide area content is content that is sent over a large coverage area (eg, the whole country), and local area content is sent over a smaller coverage area (eg, the entire city). Neighboring base stations may transmit the same or different content. Each base station may also transmit multiple data streams for wide area content, local area content, or both. These data streams may hold multimedia content such as video, audio, teletext, data, video / audio clips, etc. The data stream is sent over a data channel or MLC.

  In a particular embodiment described in detail, each MLC holds up to 3 data streams, eg, one data stream for signaling and up to two data streams for packet / traffic data. Can do. Each multimedia program may be sent as one or more data streams, eg, different data streams for different multimedia content, such as video, audio, data, etc. One or more data streams for each multimedia program may be sent on one or more MLCs. For example, an MLC can be composed of two data streams for a given program: one data stream for real-time content and a video clip that is played with the real-time content at a specified time. And another data stream for it to be maintained. As another example, two MLCs may hold three data streams for a single multimedia (eg, television) program. That is, one MLC holds one data stream for video and another data stream for data, and the second MLC holds one data stream for audio. obtain. Transmitting the video and audio portions of the program over separate MLCs allows the wireless device to receive video and audio separately. In general, each MLC holds any number of data streams, and each multimedia program may be sent on any number of MLCs in any number of data streams.

  FIG. 2 shows an exemplary superframe structure that may be used for system 100. Data transmission is performed in units of superframes 210. Each superframe spans a predetermined time duration, which includes, for example, the desired statistical multiplexing for the data stream, the amount of time diversity desired for the data stream, the acquisition time of the data stream, It can be selected based on various factors, such as the buffering requirements of the wireless device. A superframe size of about 1 second can provide a good compromise between the various elements described above. However, other superframe sizes may be used. A superframe may also be referred to as a frame, a time slot, or some other terminology.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, each superframe includes a field 212 for TDM pilots, a field 214 for overhead information, and four equal-sized frames 216a-216d. The TDM pilot may be used by the wireless device for synchronization (eg, frame detection, frequency error estimation, timing acquisition, etc.) and possibly for channel estimation. The overhead information indicates the specific location of each data channel within the superframe and may be sent as described separately. The data stream is multiplexed and sent in 4 frames.

  FIG. 2 shows a specific superframe structure. In general, a superframe spans any duration, includes any number and any type of field, and may have any number of frames. The system may also use other frame structures for transmission.

  In an embodiment, the protocol stack of the system includes an upper layer that resides above the stream layer, the stream layer resides above the medium access control (MAC) layer, and further the MAC The layer exists above the physical layer. The upper layer performs control of transmission of multimedia content, access to content, and the like. The stream layer binds higher layer packets to the data stream for each MLC. The MAC layer multiplexes packets of different data streams associated with each MLC. The physical layer provides a mechanism for transmitting multiple data streams over a communication channel.

  FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a packet format used for the stream layer, the MAC layer, and the physical layer. FIG. 3 also shows the processing of one MLC in one superframe. An MLC can hold up to three data streams. They are shown as streams 0, 1, and 2. Stream 0 may be used to send MLC signaling, and streams 1 and 2 may be used to send different multimedia content (eg, video, audio, datacast, multicast, etc.). The signaling can be of various elements such as, for example, a decryption key used to decrypt other data streams sent over the MLC. (The decryption key can be decrypted by the wireless device with the appropriate join key that can be obtained when activating the service). Other types of signaling may also be sent on stream 0. For example, stream 0 may hold a presentation record that defines the characteristics of the media maintained by the MLC, the location of the same MLC in the next superframe, the text components and / or media, and so on. In general, each stream may hold more than one medium, but it may be more convenient to hold one type of medium within each stream. In each superframe, the stream layer provides one stream layer packet for each data stream sent over the MLC in that superframe. For clarity, the following description assumes that three data streams are being sent over the MLC.

The MAC layer forms an MLC MAC capsule for each superframe that carries the MLC. The MAC capsule includes a MAC capsule header and a MAC capsule payload. The MAC capsule header holds MLC embedded overhead information, which can be used to receive the MLC in a future (eg, next) superframe. The MAC capsule payload holds the stream layer packet sent in the current superframe for the data stream held by the MLC. The MAC layer has a MAC capsule header and N ₀ MAC layer packets (or simply MAC packets) for stream 0 packets, N ₁ MAC packets for stream 1 packets, and stream 2 packets N ₂ MAC packets for. Note that when all three data streams are sent, N ₀ ≧ 1, N ₁ ≧ 1, and N ₂ ≧ 1. In order to facilitate individual reception of the data stream, each stream layer packet is sent in an integer number of MAC packets, and the length of each stream layer packet is included in the overhead information. The MAC layer block encoding on the MLC _{(N 0 + N 1 + N} 2) number of MAC packets also perform, _{N P} pieces (Incidentally, _{N P} ≧ 0) to generate parity MAC packets, block coding Depending on whether it is enabled, when enabled, the block coding mode is selected for MLC. In each superframe in which the MLC is transmitted, the MAC layer provides an encoded MAC capsule containing (N ₀ + N ₁ + N ₂ + N _P ) data and parity MAC packets.

  The physical layer receives the encoded MAC capsule, processes each MAC packet (eg, encoded, interleaved, or symbol map), and generates a corresponding physical layer (PL) packet. In the embodiment, the MAC packet has a fixed size (eg, about 1 kilobyte), the MLC PL packet has the same size, and the size of the PL packet is determined by the code rate and the modulation scheme used for the MLC Is done. One-to-one mapping between MAC packets and PL packets simplifies processing at base stations and wireless devices.

  Data can be transmitted in the system 100 in various ways. In an embodiment, M slots are formed in each symbol period and are mapped to M sets of subbands that are not joined or overlapped (note that M ≧ 1). To obtain frequency diversity, the subbands in each set can be evenly distributed across all N subbands in the system. The subbands in each set are then interlaced with the subbands in each of the other M-1 sets. Thus, each subband set may be referred to as an “interlace”. Each slot can be mapped to a different interlace in a different symbol period (eg, based on a predetermined mapping scheme) to improve frequency diversity and gain other benefits. For clarity, the data transmission in the slot will now be described, and the slot-to-interlace mapping will not be described.

  For a given superframe structure, a fixed number of slots are available for transmission in each superframe. Some of the available slots are used to transmit FDM pilots, which can be used by wireless devices for channel estimation and other purposes. Also, some slots may be allocated to control channels used to carry MLC signaling, as described elsewhere. Furthermore, the remaining slots can be used for allocation to the MLC.

  Each MLC may be allocated to a fixed or variable number of slots within each superframe, depending on the MLC payload, the availability of slots in the superframe, and possibly other factors. Each “inactive” MLC is an MLC that is not transmitted in a given superframe and is allocated 0 slots. Each “active” MLC is an MLC transmitted within a given superframe and is allocated at least one slot. Each active MLC (1) packs slots for all active MLCs as efficiently as possible, (2) reduces the transmission time of each MLC, and (3) appropriate time diversity for each MLC And (4) “assigned” a particular slot within the superframe based on an assignment scheme that attempts to minimize the amount of signaling required to indicate the slot assigned to each MLC. Various schemes can be used to assign slots to MLCs. In general, a trade-off is made between time diversity and power savings. The system may provide the flexibility to allow power consumption to be supported in time diversity or allow time diversity to be supported in power consumption for different MLCs. For example, some MLCs can be optimized in time diversity while other MLCs can be optimized in power consumption. An MLC containing many turbo code blocks achieves inherently greater time diversity, while a lower data rate MLC can benefit from additional time diversity.

  FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary slot assignment scheme that assigns slots to MLCs using a “sinusoid” or “zigzag” pattern. In this manner, a frame is divided into one or more “strips”, with each strip spanning at least one slot representation and, in addition, spanning a number of consecutive (eg, all) symbol periods in the frame. Each active MLC is mapped to one strip and assigned a slot within that strip. The slots in each strip are assigned MLCs mapped to that strip in a specific order using a vertical zigzag pattern. The zigzag pattern selects a slot, starting from the first symbol period of the strip, one symbol period at a time, from the lowest slot representation of the strip to the highest slot representation of the strip.

  FIG. 4 also shows the assignment of slots to a given MLC x in one frame 216. MLC x starts from the start slot display (start slot) in the indicated symbol period display (start offset) and proceeds to the highest slot display (maximum slot), and then the lowest slot display in the next symbol period display ( Slots are allocated until the number of slots allocated to MLC x is reached, starting with the smallest slot) and proceeding to the highest slot display, etc. In the example shown in FIG. 4, MLC x is assigned 16 slots and starts with slot display 4 in symbol period display 3 and proceeds zigzag between lowest slot display 2 and highest slot display 5 to obtain a symbol period. The display ends with slot display 3 in display 7.

  An exemplary slot allocation scheme has already been described. The MLC may be assigned slots in other ways using other schemes. For example, each MLC may be assigned a slot in a rectangular pattern on a two-dimensional (2-D) plane of slot-to-symbol periods, as shown in FIG. Active MLCs are assigned rectangular patterns, and these patterns are packed into the frame as efficiently as possible.

  The slot assigned to each active MLC in each superframe may be conveyed in the location information sent for the MLC. The parameters used to describe the slot assigned to each active MLC typically depends on the scheme used to assign the slot. For example, if each active MLC is assigned a rectangular pattern, this pattern will have two corners, for example, a slot display and symbol period display in the lower left corner of the pattern, and a slot display in the upper right corner of the pattern and It can be described by a symbol period display. As each active MLC is assigned a slot using a zigzag pattern, the assigned slot of the MLC is allocated to the starting slot, the minimum slot, the maximum slot, and the MLC as shown in FIG. Can be described by the number of slots specified.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a system parameter message used to hold MLC location information. In general, the location information for each MLC includes all parameters used to describe the location of the MLC time-frequency, eg, a specific slot assigned to the MLC. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the system parameter message includes a message header and one or more location records. The message header includes, for example, (1) the system time at the beginning of the current superframe, (2) the network identifier, (3) the message source, (4) the protocol version supported by the system, (5) the transmission parameters of the control channel (Described separately), (6) MLC of the first location record sent in the message immediately after the header, (7) Number of location records sent in the message (N _rec ), etc. Can hold. In general, the message header may include information related to the wireless device.

Message, after the message header, one location record for each _MLC, holds _{N rec} number of location records for _{N rec} book MLC. Note that N _rec ≧ 1. In the embodiment, each position record has a fixed length or size of L bits, and N _rec position records are sequentially sent based on the identification (ID) of the MLC. For example, if the first position record is for MLC x, the second position record is for MLC x + 1, the third position record is for MLC x + 2, etc., and the last position The record is of MLC x + N _rec -1. This allows the wireless device to quickly detect and extract location records for each MLC of interest.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, each location record includes an MLC Present bit, which is '1' when the associated MLC is being sent in the current superframe. Set to '0' otherwise. When the MLC presentation bit is set to “1”, the position record holds a start offset field, a slot information (Slot Info) field, and a stream length (Stream Length) field. The start offset field indicates the first or start symbol period indication for the slot assigned to the MLC. The slot information field contains slot information that conveys all parameters used to describe the assigned slots (eg, minimum slot, start slot, and maximum slot). The stream length field holds the length of each stream layer packet held by the MLC in the current superframe (eg, N ₀ , N ₁ , and N _{2 in} the three stream layer packets of FIG. 3). ing. The number of slots allocated to the MLC can be determined based on the stream length and transmission parameters (eg, code rate and modulation scheme) used for the MLC. When the MLC presentation bit is set to '0', the position record holds a next super-frame offset field and a reserved field. The next superframe offset field indicates the next superframe in which the MLC may be sent. When this field is set to '0', the MLC can be sent in any incoming superframe. When this field is set to a non-zero value, this value indicates the minimum number of superframes from the next superframe that the MLC may follow. For example, if the offset field of the next superframe is set to 4, the MLC will not be sent from the current superframe to at least 5 superframes. The wireless device may begin searching for the next occurrence of MLC, starting from this future superframe. Table 1 summarizes the various fields of a single MLC position record.

  The slot information can be encoded to reduce the number of bits required to convey this information. An exemplary encoding scheme for slot information is described separately. This coding scheme is for slot allocation using the zigzag pattern shown in FIG. 4, and in addition, the lowest slot indication for MLC is 1 and the highest slot indication is 7. Is assumed. Slot indication 0 may be used for FDM pilots, control channels, etc. In the above assumption, the lowest slot display (minimum slot), the start slot display (start slot), and the highest slot display (maximum slot) of any MLC are related as follows.

1 ≦ minimum slot ≦ start slot ≦ maximum slot ≦ 7 Formula (1)
The delta or difference between the starting slot display and the lowest slot display, and the delta between the highest slot display and the starting slot display may be calculated as follows.

Δstart = start slot−minimum slot Equation (2)
Δmax = max slot−start slot equation (3)
The slot information of each MLC may be given by a slot information code value (slot information code) determined based on the minimum slot, Δ start, and Δ maximum of that MLC. Table 2 shows an exemplary mapping of the minimum slot, Δstart, and Δmax to the slot information code.

  When the maximum slot indication is 7, each of the parameter's minimum slot, start slot, and maximum slot is conveyed in 3 bits, and the slot information of each MLC is conveyed in 9 bits for 3 parameters. obtain. The slot information code may be conveyed in 7 bits for the 84 possible code values shown in Table 2. Therefore, the above coding scheme reduces the number of bits required to convey slot information for each MLC.

  The stream layer packet length can also be encoded to reduce the number of bits required to convey this information. An exemplary encoding scheme for stream layer packet length is described separately. This encoding scheme is for the packet format shown in FIG. 3, and in addition, (1) up to 3 stream layer packets can be sent in the MLC in the superframe; (2) It is assumed that three stream layer packets have small, medium, and large sizes.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the stream length field includes a stream mode subfield, a length format subfield, a small stream length subfield, a medium stream length subfield, and a large stream length subfield. When the stream mode subfield is set to '0', it indicates that two stream layer packets are being sent in the MLC, and when set to '1', three stream layer packets Indicates that it is being sent in MLC. The length format subfield indicates the size of stream layer packets of up to three data streams sent on the MLC. Table 3 shows an exemplary definition of the size length format subfield for different stream layer packets of the three data streams.

In the embodiment shown in Table 3, one data stream held by the MLC is designated as a “large” stream, one data stream is designated as a “medium” stream, and (if The third data stream is designated as a “small” stream (if possible). The stream layer packets for the _large , _medium , and _small streams may hold up to N _large , N _medium , and N _small MAC packets, respectively. The large stream length subfield indicates the length of the stream layer packet for the large stream sent on the MLC, includes B _large bits, and B _large = log ₂ (N _large ). The middle stream length subfield indicates the length of the stream layer packet of the middle stream sent on the MLC, includes B _medium bits, and B _medium = log ₂ (N _medium ). The small stream length subfield indicates the length of the stream layer packet for the small stream sent over the MLC (if any) and includes B _small bits, where B _small = log ₂ (N _small ) It is.

FIG. 5 shows the case where three data fields are sent over the MLC and three subfields are used to indicate the length of the stream layer packet for these three data streams. . When only two data streams are sent over the MLC, the small stream B _small bits may be used for medium or large streams (not shown in FIG. 5).

As each data stream sent in the MLC can hold up to 1024 MAC packets in each superframe, a 10-bit stream length subfield may be used for each data stream. In this case, 30 bits can be used to convey the stream layer packet length of the three data streams maintained in the MLC. However, when the three data streams have different lengths and the large, medium, and small streams can hold up to 1024, 256, and 2 MAC packets, respectively, B _large = 10, B _medium = 8 and B _small = 1 bit may be used for 3 streams. When 1 bit is used for the stream mode subfield and 3 bits are used for the length format subfield, a total of 23 to convey the stream layer packet length of the 3 data streams maintained by the MLC. Bits can be used. Therefore, the above-described encoding scheme can reduce the number of bits required to convey the stream length of each MLC.

  In the above, a specific coding scheme for slot information and a specific coding scheme for stream length have been described. Other encoding schemes may be used for different slot allocation schemes, different packet formats, etc., for example. Different encoding schemes may achieve a different number of bit savings. In any case, the bit savings achieved with encoding may be important for many MLCs. Since overhead information is sent periodically and overhead bits are relatively expensive, it is desirable to minimize the number of overhead bits as much as possible to increase efficiency.

  FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment for transmitting composite overhead information and embedded overhead information in a manner that facilitates efficient reception of a data stream. The composite overhead information is sent in the TDM system at the beginning of each superframe and includes the position information of all MLCs. For example, one system parameter message may contain location information for all MLCs holding wide area content, and another system parameter message may contain location information for all MLCs holding local area content. The system parameter message for each coverage area type (wide area or local area) includes one location record for each MLC that holds the content for that coverage area type. When MLC is active, each location record in each system parameter message includes the location information (eg, start offset, slot information, and stream length) of the current superframe's associated MLC.

  The encoded MAC capsule is transmitted in the current superframe for each active MLC. In an embodiment, the encoded MAC capsule is divided into four equally sized parts, each part being transmitted on a slot assigned to an MLC in one frame. Transmission of encoded MAC capsules over four frames provides time diversity and robust reception performance in fading channels that slowly change with time. As shown in FIG. 6, in each MLC, the same slot assignment may be used for the four frames of the superframe, and this slot assignment is conveyed in the position record of that MLC.

  In an embodiment, the MAC capsule header of each MLC x MAC capsule includes MLC x location information for that superframe when the MLC is transmitted in the next superframe. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the MAC capsule header includes an MLC ID field and a next SF content (Cont Next SF) field. The content field of the next SF is set to '1' when MLC x is transmitted in the next superframe, and is set to '0' otherwise. When the MLC x is transmitted in the next superframe, the MAC capsule header includes the next SF Start Offset field, the next SF slot information field, and the next SF. Next SF Stream Length fields, which carry the same type of information as the SF start offset field, slot information field, and stream length field, respectively, in the position record. However, the start offset field, slot information field, and stream length field in the position record carry the “current” overhead information of MLC x of the current superframe. The start offset field of the next SF, the slot information field of the next SF, and the stream length field of the next SF in the MAC capsule header hold the “future” overhead information of MLC x of the next superframe. . In an embodiment, when MLC x is not transmitted in the next superframe, the MAC capsule header includes an offset field of the next superframe, and a spare field (not shown in FIG. 6), which is a location Each record holds the same type of information as the offset field and spare field of the next superframe. In another embodiment, when MLC x is not transmitted in the next superframe, the MAC capsule header indicates the location information of the MLC x of the next superframe in which MLC x will be transmitted (eg, the next SF The start offset field, the slot information field of the next SF, and the stream length field of the next SF).

  As shown in FIG. 6, a wireless device that has just been powered on or switched to a new MLC receives the composite overhead information sent at the beginning of each superframe, and the new MLC is currently The position to be sent in the superframe can be determined. The wireless device may then receive this new MLC MAC capsule at the location indicated by the MLC location record. The wireless device can obtain embedded overhead information for this MLC in the next superframe from the MAC capsule header. The wireless device can then use this embedded overhead information to receive the MLC in the next superframe without having to process the composite overhead information sent at the beginning of the next superframe. As is common in multimedia programs, when an MLC is transmitted continuously in each superframe, the wireless device may need to receive the composite overhead information only once. The wireless device can then obtain embedded overhead information for the MLC of each future superframe from the MAC capsule header. In this way, the wireless device may be “turned on” for a shorter duration of time to save more battery power. The MLC ID is used, for example, to ensure that the wireless device processes the appropriate MLC MAC capsule if the MLC is decoded in error.

  FIG. 7 shows a process 700 for transmitting multiple data channels or MLC overhead information. Position information for each MLC in the current superstream is determined (eg, block 712). Each MLC location information indicates the time-frequency location of the MLC and may have the format shown in FIG. 5 or some other format. The location information of each MLC in the future (eg, next) superframe is also determined (eg, block 714). The composite overhead information of the current superframe is formed with the location information of all MLCs of the current superframe (block 716) and transmitted in TDM at the beginning of the current superframe (block 718). The location information for each MLC in the future superframe is transmitted along with the MLC payload in the current superframe (block 720).

  In the embodiment described above, overhead information is sent in two parts. Composite overhead information is sent periodically (eg, at a relatively low frequency, such as once per second) at the beginning of each superframe, conveying the slot assignments for all MLCs sent in that superframe. When a wireless device is requesting content for the first time (eg, after being powered on), when the MLC of interest is erroneously decoded in the previous superframe, the wireless device When the wireless device switches reception from the current MLC to a new MLC, etc., the composite overhead information may be used.

  The wireless device may use the embedded overhead information to determine when to wake up in the next superframe. If the wireless device successfully decodes the MLC of interest in the current superframe, it does not need to wake up to receive the composite overhead information sent in the next superframe. This reduces the on-time of the wireless device for receiving the data stream. Thus, the embedded overhead information is a power efficient way to give the location where the MLC will be sent in the next superframe. The wireless device can obtain this embedded overhead information as part of the MLC process. When each MLC holds embedded overhead information for itself only, not for other MLCs as described above, the embedded overhead information is the next for this MLC. It is only necessary to indicate one position in the superframe. The embedded overhead information is protected by the same error correction coding used for the MLC payload, which ensures robust reception of the embedded overhead information.

  The duration of the superframe is such that the composite overhead information and embedded overhead information consume a relatively small percentage of the total system capacity while still allowing fast changes between data channels. Can be selected. Splitting the composite overhead information into a wide area part and a local area part also provides several benefits. Overhead data bits for the wide area portion may be sent in a manner that benefits from using OFDM in a single-frequency network (SFN). For example, a wireless device can receive and combine overhead data bits from multiple base stations to obtain greater reception reliability. Overhead data bits for the local area portion are transmitted differently than for the wide area portion, eg, using different OFDM pilot structures, lower code rates, lower order modulation schemes, etc. And improve the reception of these bits at the boundary of the local coverage area. In general, the wide area portion and the local area portion are processed with the same or different coding and modulation schemes and may have the same or different formats and lengths, and so on. Overhead information is processed and transmitted so as to be as robust as traffic data.

  Once the location information for each MLC is sent once, the wireless device can receive the MLC. The location information of all MLCs can be sent in the composite overhead information at the beginning of each superframe. In addition, the location information of each active MLC can be sent redundantly with the MLC payload, improving the efficiency of receiving the MLC. However, this redundant location information is optional and can be omitted (ie not transmitted).

  Data channel overhead information may also be sent in other ways. For example, the stream length may be included in the MAC capsule header instead of the position record. When an MLC is scheduled in advance in more than one superframe, the location record and / or MAC capsule header may also contain location information for superframes other than the next superframe. The MAC capsule header may include a bit that indicates whether the location information of the next superframe is the same as that of the current superframe. In that case, the location information may be omitted from the MAC capsule header.

  The overhead information indicates a position where each MLC is transmitted. The control channel can be used to hold other relevant information of the MLC. For example, the control channel is maintained in each MLC by the code rate and modulation scheme used for the MLC, the block coding used for the MLC, the type of medium sent on each data stream held by the MLC, and the MLC. Higher layer entities, etc. associated with each data stream. The control channel is sent in a manner known in advance by the wireless device, after which the wireless device can receive control without any other signaling.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a base station 110 x that is one of the base stations in the system 100. At base station 110x, a transmit (TX) data processor 810 receives multiple (T) data streams (shown as {d ₁ } through {d _T }) from a data source 808. Note that T ≧ 1. Each data stream may hold one stream layer packet for each superframe to which the data stream will be sent (eg, as shown in FIG. 3). The TX data processor 810 also receives embedded overhead data for each MLC and adds the overhead data to the appropriate stream layer packet sent over the MLC (eg, as shown in FIG. 3). . The TX data processor 810 processes each data stream according to the “mode” used for that stream and generates a corresponding data symbol stream. The mode of each data stream may indicate, for example, the code rate, modulation scheme, etc. for use with that data stream. TX data processor 810 provides T data symbol streams (denoted as {s ₁ } to {s _T }) to a symbol multiplexer (MUX) / channelizer 820. As used herein, data symbols are modulation symbols for packet / traffic data, overhead symbols are modulation symbols for overhead data, and pilot symbols are (base station and radio Is a modulation symbol for a pilot (which is data known in advance by both of the devices), the protection symbol is a signal value of 0, and the modulation symbol is a modulation scheme (e.g. Etc.) is a complex value of a point in the signal constellation diagram used.

TX data processor 810 also receives complex overhead data sent from controller 840 (shown as {d ₀ }) at the beginning of each superframe. TX data processor 810 processes the composite overhead data according to the mode used for overhead data and provides an overhead symbol stream (shown as {s ₀ }) to channelizer 820. The composite overhead data is divided into a wide area portion and a local area portion (as shown in FIG. 6) and can be processed separately, eg, based on the same or different modes. The mode used for composite overhead data is usually associated with a lower code rate, lower order modulation scheme, or both, than those used for the data stream, and is time or frequency selective. Or robust reception of composite overhead data on both terrestrial radio channels.

Channelizer 820 multiplexes the data symbols in the T data symbol streams onto their assigned slots. Channelizer 820 provides pilot symbols on slots used for pilot transmission and guard symbols on subbands not used for transmission. In addition, channelizer 820 multiplexes the pilot and overhead symbols in the pilot and overhead fields at the beginning of each superframe, as shown in FIG. Channelizer 820 provides a composite symbol stream (denoted as {s _C }) that holds data, overhead, pilot, and guard symbols on the appropriate subbands and symbol periods. OFDM modulator 830 performs OFDM modulation on the composite symbol stream and provides a stream of OFDM symbols to a transmitter unit (TMTR) 832. Transmitter unit 832 condition (eg, convert to analog, filter, amplify, or frequency upconvert) the OFDM symbol stream and generate a modulated signal that is transmitted from antenna 834.

  The control device 840 instructs the operation at the base station 110x. Memory unit 842 provides storage for program codes and data used by controller 840. Controller 840 and / or scheduler 844 allocate and assign slots to active MLCs.

  FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a wireless device 120 x that is one of the wireless devices in the system 100. The antenna 912 receives the modulated signal transmitted by the base station 110x and provides the received signal to a receiver unit (RCVR) 914. Receiver unit 914 conditions, digitizes, and processes the received signal and provides a sample stream to OFDM demodulator 916. OFDM demodulator 916 performs OFDM demodulation on the sample stream to obtain received pilot symbols, received data, and overhead symbols. Controller 940 derives a channel response estimate for the radio link between base station 110x and radio device 120x based on the received pilot symbols. The OFDM demodulator 916 additionally performs coherent detection (eg, equalization or matched filtering) on the received data and overhead symbols using the channel response estimate, and a symbol demultiplexer, Demux / Dechannelizer 920 is provided with “detected” data and overhead symbols, ie, estimates of transmitted data and overhead symbols, respectively.

  Controller 940 obtains an indication (eg, for user selection) of one or more MLCs received by the wireless device. The controller 940 then receives each selected MLC slot assignment either (1) the composite overhead information sent at the beginning of the current superframe, or (2) in the previous superframe for the MLC. Judgment is made based on any of the embedded overhead information sent in the MAC capsule header. Next, the control device 940 gives a control signal to the dechannelizer 920. The dechannelizer 920 demultiplexes detected data and overhead symbols in each symbol period based on the control signal and converts one or more detected data symbol streams and / or detected overhead symbol streams to RX data. Give to processor 930. RX data processor 930 processes the detected overhead symbol stream (eg, symbol demap, deinterleave, and decode) according to the mode used for the composite overhead data, and processes the decoded overhead data to controller 940. To give. In addition, RX data processor 930 processes each detected data symbol stream of each MLC of interest according to the mode used for that stream and provides a corresponding decoded data stream to data sink 932. . Typically, the processing at wireless device 120x is complementary to the processing at base station 110x.

  The control device 940 also instructs the operation in the wireless device 120x. Memory unit 942 provides a storage device for program codes and data used by controller 940.

  The techniques for transmitting overhead information described herein may be implemented by various means. For example, these techniques can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In a hardware implementation, the processing unit at the base station may be one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (digital signal processing devices). device, DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, functions described herein Can be configured in other electronic units designed to perform or combinations thereof. A processing unit in a wireless device may also be configured in one or more ASICs, DSPs, etc.

  In a software implementation, the techniques described herein may be implemented using modules (eg, procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. The software code may be stored in a memory unit (eg, memory unit 842 and / or 942) and executed by a processor (eg, controller 840 and / or 940). The memory unit may be configured within the processor or external to the processor.

  The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be changed to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Can be applied. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Kimono.

The figure which shows a radio | wireless multicarrier broadcast communication system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary superframe structure. FIG. 4 shows an exemplary packet processing for one MLC. FIG. 6 shows the allocation of slots to MLCs using a “zigzag” pattern. FIG. 6 shows an exemplary message holding multiple MLC location information. The figure which shows transmission of the overhead information embedded by the composite overhead information and. The figure which shows the process which transmits overhead information. The block diagram of a base station. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless device.

Explanation of symbols

  100: wireless multi-carrier broadcast communication system, 110: base station, 120: wireless device, 700: processing.

Claims (46)

A method for transmitting overhead information in a communication system, comprising:
Determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel indicates a time position, a frequency position, or a position of both time and frequency at which the data channel is transmitted When,
Generating overhead information using location information of multiple data channels;
Transmitting overhead information together with data of a plurality of data channels in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner.   The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting at least one data stream over each of the plurality of data channels.   The method according to claim 2, wherein the position information of each data channel indicates the number of data streams transmitted on the data channel.   The method of claim 2, wherein the location information of each data channel indicates the size of each data stream transmitted on the data channel. Further comprising transmitting a plurality of data channels in a superframe, each superframe having a predetermined time duration;
The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the overhead information in a TDM scheme includes transmitting the overhead information in each superframe along with data of a plurality of data channels in a TDM scheme.   The method according to claim 5, wherein the overhead information transmitted in each superframe includes position information of a plurality of data channels of the superframe. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
6. The method of claim 5, comprising generating location information for each data channel in the current superframe to indicate whether the data channel is being transmitted in the current superframe. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
6. The method of claim 5, comprising generating, for each data channel transmitted in a current superframe, data channel location information to indicate a start time for the data channel to be transmitted in the current superframe. . Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
6. For each data channel that is not transmitted in the current superframe, including generating data channel location information to indicate the next superframe in which the data channel is potentially transmitted. the method of.   The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting a plurality of data channels in a plurality of slots, each slot being associated with a respective set of frequency subbands. A plurality of slots are assigned a plurality of slot indications and determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels;
11. The method of claim 10, comprising generating location information for each channel to indicate a lowest slot indication, a starting slot indication, and a highest slot indication used for the data channel. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising mapping a lowest slot indication, a starting slot indication, and a highest slot indication for each data channel to a code value based on a mapping scheme. A plurality of slots are assigned a plurality of slot indications and determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels;
The method of claim 10, further comprising generating location information for each data channel to indicate a lowest slot indication and a highest slot indication used for the data channel. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising generating location information for each data channel in the current superframe to indicate a length of each data packet being sent on the data channel in the current superframe. Generating overhead information,
Generating a first portion of overhead information using data channel location information for the first coverage area;
The method of claim 1, comprising generating a second portion of overhead information using data channel location information for a second coverage area.   The method according to claim 15, wherein the first coverage area is a wide coverage area, and the second coverage area is a local coverage area. Transmitting overhead information
16. The method of claim 15, comprising transmitting first and second portions of overhead information, respectively, in the first and second time intervals. Processing a first portion of overhead information according to a first mode;
Processing a second portion of overhead information according to a second mode, each of the first and second modes indicating a particular code rate and a particular modulation scheme to use for the overhead information The method according to claim 15.   Forming at least one overhead message of overhead information of a plurality of data channels, each overhead message including at least one position record, each position record including position information of an associated data channel; The method of claim 1, further comprising: The multiple data channels are assigned different identifiers to form at least one overhead message;
20. The method of claim 19, comprising placing at least one location record for each overhead message in a sequential order based on an identifier of at least one associated data channel.   The method of claim 19, wherein each position record has a fixed length. Determining the position information of each data channel of the future superframe, wherein the position information of each data channel of the future superframe is the time position, the frequency position, or the data channel transmitted in the future superframe, or Showing the location of both time and frequency,
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising transmitting location information for each data channel of a future superframe along with data channel data in the current superframe. A control device operable to determine position information of each of a plurality of data channels and generate overhead information using the position information of the plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel is A control device indicating the time position to be transmitted, the frequency position, or the position of both time and frequency;
An apparatus in a communication system including a data processor operable to process overhead information transmitted with data of a plurality of data channels in a time division multiplexing (TDM) manner.   24. A transmitter unit operable to transmit a plurality of data channels in a superframe, each superframe having a predetermined time duration, and in addition to transmit overhead information in each superframe. The device described.   The controller is also operable to determine the location information of each data channel of the future superframe, and the location information of each data channel of the future superframe is transmitted in the future superframe. Indicates the time position, frequency position, or both time and frequency position, and the data processor processes the position information of each data channel in the future superframe for transmission along with the data channel data in the current superframe 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the apparatus is also operable.   24. The method of claim 23, wherein the communication system is a wireless broadcast communication system that uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Means for determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel indicates a time position, a frequency position, or a position of both time and frequency at which the data channel is transmitted When,
Means for generating overhead information using position information of a plurality of data channels;
Means for transmitting overhead information together with data of a plurality of data channels in a time division multiplexing (TDM) manner.   28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising means for transmitting a plurality of data channels in a superframe, wherein each superframe has a predetermined time duration, and overhead information is transmitted in each superframe. Means for determining the position information of each data channel of the future superframe, wherein the position information of each data channel of the future superframe is the time position, frequency position, or Means indicating the position of both time and frequency;
29. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising means for transmitting location information for each data channel in a future superframe along with data channel data in the current superframe. A method for transmitting overhead information in a communication system, comprising:
Transmitting a plurality of data channels in a superframe, each superframe having a duration of a predetermined time, and each data channel holding at least one data stream;
Determining the position information of each of a plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel is a time position, a frequency position, or a position of both time and frequency at which the data channel is transmitted in a future superframe. Indicating that
Transmitting the position information of each data channel along with the data channel data in the current superframe.   The method of claim 30, wherein the future superframe is the next superframe immediately following the current superframe.   The method of claim 30, wherein the future superframe is two or more superframes from the current superframe. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
32. The method of claim 30, comprising generating location information for each data channel to indicate whether the data channel is transmitted in a future superframe. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
31. The method of claim 30, comprising generating, for each data channel transmitted in a future superframe, data channel location information to indicate a start time at which the data channel is transmitted in a future superframe. . Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
31. For each data channel not transmitted in a future superframe, including generating data channel location information to indicate the next closest superframe in which the data channel is potentially transmitted. Method. Transmitting multiple data channels,
32. The method of claim 30, comprising transmitting a plurality of data channels in a plurality of slots, each slot being associated with a particular set of frequency subbands. A plurality of slots are assigned a plurality of slot indications and determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels;
For each data channel transmitted in a future superframe, the location information of the data channel to indicate the lowest slot indication, the starting slot indication, and the highest slot indication used for the data channel in the future superframe. 38. The method of claim 36, comprising generating. Determining the position information of each of the plurality of data channels;
For each data channel transmitted in a future superframe, further comprising generating data channel location information to indicate the length of each data packet sent on the data channel in the future superframe The method of claim 30. A transmitter unit operable to transmit a plurality of data channels in a superframe, wherein each superframe has a predetermined duration and each data channel holds at least one data stream A transmitter unit;
A controller operable to determine position information of each of a plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel is a time position, frequency position, or time at which the data channel is transmitted in a future superframe. And a control device indicating the position of both the frequency and
An apparatus in a communication system comprising: a data processor operable to process location information for each data channel transmitted along with data channel data in a current superframe. Means for transmitting a plurality of data channels in a superframe, each superframe having a duration of a predetermined time, each data channel holding at least one data stream;
A means for determining position information of each of a plurality of data channels, wherein the position information of each data channel is a time position, a frequency position, or a position of both time and frequency at which the data channel is transmitted in a future superframe. Means for indicating,
Means for transmitting location information of each data channel along with data channel data in the current superframe. A method for receiving data in a communication system, comprising:
Receiving overhead information of a plurality of data channels transmitted in a superframe, wherein each superframe has a predetermined time duration, and the overhead information of the current superframe is time division multiplexed (TDM) Transmitted with data sent in a current superframe for multiple data channels,
Obtaining first position information of the selected data channel from the overhead information received in the current superframe, wherein the first position information is transmitted in the current superframe. Showing the current time position, frequency position, or both time and frequency position,
Receiving the selected data channel in the current superframe based on the first location information. Processing the selected data channel to obtain second position information of the selected data channel, wherein the second position information is transmitted in the current superframe along with the data of the selected data channel; Indicating the time position, frequency position, or both time and frequency position at which the selected data channel is transmitted in a future superframe;
42. The method of claim 41, further comprising receiving the selected data channel in a future superframe based on the second location information. A control device operable to receive overhead information of a plurality of data channels transmitted in a superframe and obtain first position information of a selected data channel from the overhead information received in a current superframe; Data in which each superframe has a duration of a predetermined time, and overhead information of the current superframe is sent in a current superframe for multiple data channels in a time division multiplexing (TDM) manner A controller that transmits the first position information indicating a time position, a frequency position, or a position of both time and frequency at which the selected data channel is transmitted in the current superframe;
An apparatus in a communication system including a data processor operable to receive a selected data channel in a current superframe based on first location information.   The data processor is also operable to process the selected data channel to obtain second position information of the selected data channel, the second position information being combined with the data of the selected data channel. Indicates the time position, frequency position, or both time and frequency position that is transmitted in the current superframe and the selected data channel is transmitted in a future superframe, and the data processor is based on the second position information 44. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the apparatus is also operable to receive the selected data channel in a future superframe. Means for receiving overhead information of a plurality of data channels transmitted in a superframe, wherein each superframe has a predetermined time duration, and the overhead information of the current superframe is time division multiplexed (TDM) ) In a manner transmitted with data sent in the current superframe for multiple data channels;
Means for obtaining first position information of a selected data channel from overhead information received in a current superframe, wherein the first position information is transmitted in the current superframe. Means indicating a time position, a frequency position, or both a time and frequency position;
Means for receiving a selected data channel in a current superframe based on the first location information. Means for processing the selected data channel to obtain second position information of the selected data channel, wherein the second position information is transmitted in the current superframe along with the data of the selected data channel; Means indicating the time position, frequency position, or both time and frequency position at which the selected data channel is transmitted in a future superframe;
46. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising means for receiving the selected data channel in a future superframe based on the second location information.

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