JP2007253057A - Method for recovering oil from oil-contaminated soil in situ - Google Patents
Method for recovering oil from oil-contaminated soil in situ Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、油に汚染された土壌から原位置で油を回収する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for recovering oil in situ from soil contaminated with oil.
近年、工場跡地その他の汚染土壌は大きな社会問題となっており、土壌汚染対策法のもとに種々の対策がとられてきている。汚染土壌の原因である汚染物質は多岐に亘っており、それぞれに適した処理方法が提案され、実施されている。一般的な汚染土壌の処理方法は、非特許文献１に紹介されているように、大きく分けて主に現場内（ｏｎ ｓｉｔｅ）処理と原位置（ｉｎ ｓｉｔｕ）処理に分かれ、前者の例としては、熱処理、洗浄処理、化学処理、生物処理および抽出処理などが、また後者の例としては、抽出法（土壌ガス吸引法、地下水揚水法、エアスパージング法ほか）、分解法（化学的処理：酸化分解、還元分解、生物的処理：バイオレメディエーション、薬剤注入、ファイトレメディーション）などが知られている。 In recent years, factory ruins and other contaminated soil have become a major social problem, and various countermeasures have been taken under the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law. There are a wide variety of pollutants that cause contaminated soil, and suitable treatment methods have been proposed and implemented. As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, general methods for treating contaminated soil are roughly divided into on-site processing and in-situ processing. , Heat treatment, washing treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment and extraction treatment, and the latter examples include extraction methods (soil gas suction method, groundwater pumping method, air sparging method, etc.), decomposition methods (chemical treatment: oxidation) Degradation, reductive degradation, biological treatment: bioremediation, drug injection, phytoremediation) and the like are known.
これらには、重質油を必須汚染源とする石油精製施設跡地などの油汚染土壌の処理に適用可能とされる方法も包含されているが、現実には、その分離困難性から、場外（ｏｆｆ ｓｉｔｅ）での加熱あるいは燃焼処理や、最終処分場あるいはセメント工場へ搬出が一般的である。 These include methods that can be applied to the treatment of oil-contaminated soils such as the sites of oil refinery facilities that use heavy oil as an essential source of pollution. In general, heating or combustion treatment at the site), and transportation to a final disposal site or a cement factory are common.
上記のうち、エアスパージング法は土壌を掘削することなく原位置で汚染物質を除去する方法であり、一般的に揮発性有機化合物の回収や、生物的処理での酸素供給手段として用いられている。エアスパージング法は油汚染土壌の処理手段としても提案されている（たとえば特許文献１）が、油の回収手段として利用された例はない。 Among the above, the air sparging method is a method for removing pollutants in situ without excavating the soil, and is generally used as a means for supplying volatile organic compounds and oxygen supply in biological treatment. . The air sparging method has also been proposed as a means for treating oil-contaminated soil (for example, Patent Document 1), but there is no example used as an oil collecting means.
本発明の目的は油汚染土壌から原位置で油を回収する効率的な方法を提供することにある。 It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient method for recovering oil in situ from oil contaminated soil.
本発明は第１に、油汚染土壌の地下水飽和層にスチームをスチーム注入井戸から供給すると共に、スチーム供給個所より下方に空気を空気注入井戸から吹き込むことにより土粒子に付着している油を剥離させ地下水中に浮遊している油と共に微細空気に同伴させて飽和層上面に移動させ、飽和層上面から油もしくは油と水を油回収井戸を通して回収することを特徴とする油汚染土壌からの油の回収方法である。 First, the present invention supplies steam from a steam injection well to a groundwater saturated layer of oil-contaminated soil, and peels oil adhering to soil particles by blowing air from the air injection well below the steam supply point. Oil from oil-contaminated soil, which is moved to the upper surface of the saturated layer along with fine air together with the oil floating in the groundwater, and recovers oil or oil and water from the upper surface of the saturated layer through an oil recovery well This is a recovery method.
本発明は第２に、油回収井戸による油もしくは油と水の回収を連続的もしくは間欠的に地下水位を下げることによって行う上記の方法である。 The second aspect of the present invention is the above-described method in which the oil or oil and water is recovered by the oil recovery well by continuously or intermittently lowering the groundwater level.
本発明は第３に、揮発成分を含有する空気を不飽和帯からガス吸引井戸を通して吸引する上記の方法である。 The third aspect of the present invention is the above-described method in which air containing volatile components is sucked from the unsaturated zone through the gas suction well.
本発明は第４に、空気注入井戸を油汚染サイトの平面形状でみて多角形配置とし、複数個所から空気を吹き込む上記記載の方法である。 Fourthly, the present invention is the above-described method in which the air injection well is formed in a polygonal arrangement when viewed from the planar shape of the oil contamination site, and air is blown from a plurality of locations.
本発明は第５に、油回収井戸を空気注入井戸の外側の複数個所にも配置して油もしくは油と水を回収する上記の方法である。 The fifth aspect of the present invention is the above-described method for recovering oil or oil and water by arranging oil recovery wells at a plurality of locations outside the air injection well.
本発明により、油汚染土壌の飽和層にスチームを供給すると共にその下方からエアスパージングして土粒子に付着している油（土粒子間に閉塞している油も含まれる）を剥離させ、この油と地下水中に浮遊している油を地下水面に浮上させ、この浮上して形成された油層から油（または油と水）を回収することにより、汚染土壌中の油を極めて効率的に回収することができ、汚染土壌を原位置において経済的に浄化することができる。 According to the present invention, steam is supplied to the saturated layer of oil-contaminated soil and air sparged from below to peel off oil adhering to the soil particles (including oil clogged between the soil particles). The oil in the contaminated soil is recovered very efficiently by floating the oil and the oil floating in the groundwater on the groundwater surface and collecting the oil (or oil and water) from the floating oil layer. And the contaminated soil can be cleaned economically in situ.
本発明の方法が適用される土壌は油によって汚染された土壌であれば特に制限はないが、石油類、特に重質油で高濃度に汚染された石油精製施設跡地などが特に好適である。 The soil to which the method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is soil contaminated with oil, but is particularly suitable for a petroleum refinery facility site contaminated with petroleum, particularly heavy oil at a high concentration.
図１に本発明方法を説明する概略工程図を示す。
飽和層にスチームを供給するためのスチーム注入口をもつスチーム注入井戸（２）、スチーム注入口より下方の任意の位置、好ましくは下端に空気注入口を有する管を設置した空気注入井戸（４）、油回収井戸（６）、および好ましくはさらにガス吸引井戸（８）を、油汚染サイトに好ましくはそれぞれ複数所定間隔で設置する。それに付随してスチーム注入装置（１）、空気注入装置（３）、ガス回収装置（９）および油回収装置（７）も設置する。
FIG. 1 shows a schematic process diagram for explaining the method of the present invention.
Steam injection well (2) having a steam inlet for supplying steam to the saturated layer, and an air injection well (4) provided with a pipe having an air inlet at an arbitrary position below the steam inlet, preferably at the lower end A plurality of oil recovery wells (6), and preferably further gas suction wells (8), are preferably installed at a plurality of predetermined intervals at the oil contamination site. Along with this, a steam injection device (1), an air injection device (3), a gas recovery device (9) and an oil recovery device (7) are also installed.
スチーム注入装置（１）よりスチーム注入井戸からスチームを飽和層に注入し、汚染土壌（１０）を最大１００℃程度加熱すると共に、空気注入装置（３）により空気注入井戸（４）から空気を飽和層に注入する。注入された空気は、微細な空気となり、地下水面へ浮上する。このとき、微細な空気が、水中に浮遊している油を地下水面に浮上させ、また、土粒子に付着している油も土粒子から剥離させ地下水面に浮上させ、さらに、土粒子間に閉塞している油も地下水面へ浮上させ、地下水面に油層を形成させる。
そして油回収井戸（６）の地下水位を連続あるいは間欠的に低下させることにより、地下水とともに地下水面に浮上した油を横方向へ移動させ油を回収する。このようにすることで水の同伴を少量に抑制することができる。
Steam is injected into the saturated layer from the steam injection well from the steam injection device (1), the contaminated soil (10) is heated up to about 100 ° C, and air is saturated from the air injection well (4) by the air injection device (3). Inject into the layer. The injected air becomes fine air and rises to the groundwater surface. At this time, the fine air floats the oil floating in the water to the groundwater surface, and the oil adhering to the soil particles is separated from the soil particles and floats to the groundwater surface. Occluded oil also floats to the groundwater surface and forms an oil layer on the groundwater surface.
Then, by continuously or intermittently lowering the groundwater level of the oil recovery well (6), the oil floating on the groundwater surface along with the groundwater is moved laterally to recover the oil. By doing so, entrainment of water can be suppressed to a small amount.
油回収井戸からの回収物は、通常、油水分離槽などの油回収装置（７）で水と油に分離し、水は清浄な状態で排出する。 The recovered material from the oil recovery well is usually separated into water and oil by an oil recovery device (7) such as an oil / water separation tank, and the water is discharged in a clean state.
本発明方法では、空気を注入することにより地表面より揮発成分を含んだ空気が放出されるため、地表面を気密シート（１１）で被覆し、ガス吸引井戸（８）にてガスを回収することが望ましい。回収したガスは、ガス回収装置（９）により汚染物質を回収し、清浄な空気として大気中に排出する。 In the method of the present invention, since air containing volatile components is released from the ground surface by injecting air, the ground surface is covered with an airtight sheet (11) and the gas is recovered in the gas suction well (8). It is desirable. The recovered gas recovers the pollutant by the gas recovery device (9) and discharges it into the atmosphere as clean air.
本発明で用いるスチーム注入井戸としては、スチームを飽和層に供給できるものであれば特に制限されないが、飽和層中の地下水と土壌の加熱を効率的に行えるよう複数のスチーム注入口をもつものが好ましい。 The steam injection well used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can supply steam to the saturated layer, but has a plurality of steam inlets so that the groundwater and soil in the saturated layer can be efficiently heated. preferable.
本発明で用いる空気注入井戸としては、エアスパージング法用に知られた適宜の空気注入井戸を用いることができるが、空気が飽和層中に効果的に注入されるように空気注入口が下端ないしその近傍に設けられていることが好ましい。また空気の注入範囲を拡大するため、圧搾空気、ウォータージェット、さらにはシールドを利用できるよう、注入口に円盤状、放射状、水平横穴状に通気層を設けることも好ましい。 As the air injection well used in the present invention, an appropriate air injection well known for the air sparging method can be used, but the air inlet is not lower or lower so that air is effectively injected into the saturated layer. It is preferable to be provided in the vicinity thereof. In order to expand the air injection range, it is also preferable to provide a vent layer in the shape of a disk, a radial shape, or a horizontal horizontal hole at the injection port so that compressed air, water jet, and even a shield can be used.
油回収井戸も地下水面近傍から油を回収しうるものであれば特に制限されず、従来知られた地下水揚水井戸を用いることができるが、地下水の吸引をできるだけ抑制し、油を効率的に回収するために、ポンプ本体あるいはポンプの吸引孔が地下水位の変化に対応して上下するフロート機能と、油層センサにより油層の厚さを感知することにより揚水ポンプのスイッチが自動的にオン・オフする機能を持った揚水ポンプをもつものを用いることが好ましい。 The oil recovery well is not particularly limited as long as it can recover oil from the vicinity of the groundwater surface, and a conventionally known groundwater pumping well can be used, but groundwater suction is suppressed as much as possible and oil is efficiently recovered. In order to achieve this, the pump pump or the pump suction hole automatically moves up and down in response to changes in the groundwater level, and the pump of the pump is automatically turned on and off by sensing the thickness of the oil layer with the oil layer sensor. It is preferable to use a pump having a functioning pump.
また本発明方法では、空気を注入することにより地中が加圧状態となるため、地表より揮発成分を含んだ空気が大気中に放出されてくる。これを防止するため、地表に気密シートを配置すると共に、ガス吸引井戸を設けることが好ましい。また、ガス吸引井戸のかわりに、水平ドレーンとそれにより吸引するガス回収設備を用いることもできる。 In the method of the present invention, since the ground is pressurized by injecting air, air containing a volatile component is released from the ground to the atmosphere. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to arrange an airtight sheet on the ground surface and provide a gas suction well. Further, instead of the gas suction well, a horizontal drain and a gas recovery facility for suctioning by this can be used.
本発明方法の実施に当っては、油汚染サイトの大きさに応じ、空気注入井戸を複数配置することが好ましいが、その配置は平面的にみて、三角形ないしそれ以上の多角形配置とすることが好ましい。
また油回収井戸は、油が汚染サイト以外に拡散するのを防止するため、空気注入井戸の外側も複数個配置することが好ましい。
In carrying out the method of the present invention, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of air injection wells according to the size of the oil contamination site, but the arrangement should be a triangular or more polygonal arrangement in plan view. Is preferred.
In addition, it is preferable that a plurality of oil recovery wells are also arranged outside the air injection well in order to prevent oil from diffusing outside the contaminated site.
また本発明方法の実施に当っては、飽和層の下部からのエアスパージングと共に、空気以外の気体（窒素、油軟化ガス、スチームなど）や、液体（界面活性剤溶液、剥離剤溶液、カットバック油（たとえば軽油）など）を注入することもでき、これらの注入口を空気注入井戸に併設することが好ましい。 In carrying out the method of the present invention, in addition to air sparging from the lower part of the saturated layer, gases other than air (nitrogen, oil softening gas, steam, etc.) and liquids (surfactant solution, release agent solution, cutback) Oil (for example, light oil) can also be injected, and these inlets are preferably provided in the air injection well.
実施例：
次に本発明方法の室内実験例を示す。
この室内試験では、試料として実際の油汚染土壌を用いた。
Example:
Next, an example of an indoor experiment of the method of the present invention will be shown.
In this laboratory test, actual oil-contaminated soil was used as a sample.
試料は直径１１ｃｍの円筒内に高さ２５ｃｍの厚さで設置される。試料の下部は水により満たされており、この水中に水および空気を別々に注入できる２本の注入管が挿入されている。また、試料の上部も水で満たされており、試料下部より水あるいは空気を注入することにより、試料に含まれる油を浮上させることができる。さらに試料を含む円筒は温水に浸すことができる装置とした。 The sample is placed in a cylinder having a diameter of 11 cm and a thickness of 25 cm. The lower part of the sample is filled with water, and two injection tubes that can inject water and air into the water are inserted. Further, the upper part of the sample is also filled with water, and the oil contained in the sample can be floated by injecting water or air from the lower part of the sample. Furthermore, the cylinder containing the sample was an apparatus that could be immersed in warm water.
温水に試料を浸すことはスチームによる加熱効果を想定しており、試料温度を７０℃とした。また、試料下部より注入される空気はエアスパージングを想定しており、注入量は３２ｃｃ／ｍｉｎとした。同様に、試料下部より注入される水は、水平方向ではなく鉛直方向であるが、油回収井戸へ流れ込む地下水を想定しており、注入量は３７ｃｃ／ｍｉｎとした。 Immersion of the sample in warm water assumes a heating effect by steam, and the sample temperature was set to 70 ° C. The air injected from the lower part of the sample was assumed to be air sparging, and the injection amount was 32 cc / min. Similarly, the water injected from the lower part of the sample is not in the horizontal direction but in the vertical direction, but ground water flowing into the oil recovery well is assumed, and the injection amount is 37 cc / min.
初日から３日目までは試料下部より水のみを注入し、４日目から６日目の間は前述の水のほかに空気を注入し、７日目から９日目の間は水、空気を注入すると共に試料を加熱した。
実験結果、油の回収量は図２に示すとおりであり、油回収井戸のみよりはエアスパージングを行なった方が油回収効果は増大し、さらに加熱することによりなお一層の油回収効果が期待できることが確認できた。
From the first day to the third day, only water is injected from the lower part of the sample. From the fourth day to the sixth day, air is injected in addition to the above-mentioned water, and from the seventh day to the ninth day, water and air are injected. And the sample was heated.
As a result of the experiment, the oil recovery amount is as shown in FIG. 2, and the oil recovery effect is increased by performing air sparging rather than only the oil recovery well, and further oil recovery effect can be expected by further heating. Was confirmed.
１ スチーム注入装置
２ スチーム注入井戸
３ 空気注入装置
４ 空気注入井戸
５ 空気注入口
６ 油回収井戸
７ 油回収装置
８ ガス吸引井戸
９ ガス回収装置
１０ 汚染土壌
１１ 気密シート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100798763B1 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2008-01-29 | 주식회사 오이코스 | The method to remediate pol(petroleum, oil, lubricant) contaminated soil by in-situ thermal desorption approach, and the apparatus for the same |
| KR100870909B1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-11-28 | 금광개발 주식회사 | A restoration method and apparatus of soil, sand, and gravel polluted by oil |
| CN108787730A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-13 | 北京伦至环境科技有限公司 | One kind being suitable for thin solum organic pollution prosthetic device and its application method |
Citations (10)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100798763B1 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2008-01-29 | 주식회사 오이코스 | The method to remediate pol(petroleum, oil, lubricant) contaminated soil by in-situ thermal desorption approach, and the apparatus for the same |
| KR100870909B1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-11-28 | 금광개발 주식회사 | A restoration method and apparatus of soil, sand, and gravel polluted by oil |
| CN108787730A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-13 | 北京伦至环境科技有限公司 | One kind being suitable for thin solum organic pollution prosthetic device and its application method |
| CN108787730B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2024-01-30 | 北京伦至环境科技有限公司 | Organic pollutant repairing device suitable for shallow soil and application method of organic pollutant repairing device |
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| JP4672582B2 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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