JP2007065677A - Picture display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve light utilization efficiency, and to reduce the power consumption and the size of an apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: Red, green and blue illuminating light beams, emitted from light-emitting diodes 12 R, 12G and 12R, are radiated to picture display light bulbs 11R, 11G and 11B through relay lenses and field lenses and are spatially modulated in intensity and are composited by a composite prism 10 and are enlarged and projected on a screen 17 by a projection lens 15. Profiles of light-emitting portions of the light-emitting diodes 12R, 12G and 12B are made identical or similar to profiles of the picture display areas in picture display light bulbs 11R, 11G and 11B so that the profiles of light beams radiated to the picture display areas will correspond to profiles of the picture display regions. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display apparatus that displays an image by spatially modulating light emitted from a light source and projecting the light onto a screen or the like.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a video display device used for viewing images, a projection-type video display device that spatially modulates light emitted from a light source by a video display light valve and projects the image on a screen or the like is used. ing. This type of projection-type image display device includes a front projection type that projects an image from the front side of a screen or the like, and a rear projection type that projects an image from the back side of a screen or the like. Conventionally, as such a projection type image display device, a white light source such as a discharge type xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp or a thermoluminescent halogen lamp is used as a light source, and a liquid crystal light valve is used as an image display light valve. Are known.

  By the way, conventionally used projection-type image display devices use a white light source (lamp) such as a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp, or a halogen lamp that is used as a light source. The image is dark and the lamp is likely to be cut off due to the large diameter change and short life, so if the image becomes dark or the lamp burns out while the image is displayed, the image is displayed. There is a problem that the lamp has to be replaced in the middle.

  In addition, the cross-sectional shape of a light beam emitted from a white light source used in a conventional projection display apparatus is usually a circle. On the other hand, the shape of the video display light valve is usually a rectangular shape. Therefore, in the conventional projection type image display device, in order to uniformly irradiate the image display light valve with the light from the white light source, the diameter of the light beam irradiated to the image display light valve is set to the diagonal line of the image display light valve. It was larger than the length of. Therefore, there is a problem that much light is wasted and the utilization efficiency of light from the light source is low.

  Furthermore, in the conventional projection type image display device, since the light use efficiency from the light source is low as described above, a bright light source must be used to obtain the necessary brightness, resulting in an increase in power consumption. Similarly, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the projection display apparatus because a large light source must be used to obtain the necessary brightness.

  By the way, in the projection-type image display device, for example, images with different aspect ratios such as an NTSC (National Television System Committee) 3: 4 aspect ratio image and a high-definition 9:16 aspect ratio image are switched and displayed. there's a possibility that. In this case, the shape and area of the region actually used in the video display light valve also change according to the video aspect ratio. However, in the conventional projection type video display device, the light from the light source is circular. Therefore, if the shape and area of the area actually used in the video display light valve changes, the amount of light used effectively in the video display light valve As a result, there is a problem that the brightness of the projected image changes.

  Further, in the conventional projection type video display device, the light emitted from the white light source is color-separated by color separation means such as a dichroic mirror and irradiated to the video display light valve corresponding to each color signal. Therefore, the wavelength distribution of each separated color depends on the wavelength distribution of the emitted light from the original white light source, and there is a problem that good color reproduction is difficult.

  In addition, the white light source used in the conventional projection type video display device generally cannot modulate the luminance, or even if it can, the luminance adjustment range is narrow and the response time of the luminance modulation is long. The video display device has a problem that the brightness of the video to be displayed cannot be adjusted or the adjustment range is narrow.

  Also, in the conventional projection type video display device, in the case of a configuration in which the emitted light of the white light source is color-separated by a dichroic mirror or the like and irradiated to the video display light valve corresponding to each color signal, adjustment of the luminance of the light for each color It was difficult. In addition, some of the conventional projection type video display devices perform color separation by providing a color filter on the video display light valve. In this case, the video signal corresponding to each color is adjusted, or the color filter is installed. Color adjustment is not possible without changing it. Therefore, the conventional projection display apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to make fine color adjustments, and even if it can, the adjustment range is narrow.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of such problems, and the lifetime of the light source is long, good color reproduction is possible, and further, the light utilization efficiency can be improved, and the power consumption can be reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a video display device and a video display device that can be downsized.

  In one embodiment of the proposed video display device according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, the irradiated light is spatially modulated according to the information of the video to be displayed, and the image is displayed. Spatial modulation means to be formed, a light source using a light emitting diode that emits light irradiated to the spatial modulation means, a projection optical system that projects light modulated by the spatial modulation means, and a spatial modulation emitted from the light source And a light beam shape setting unit for setting the cross-sectional shape of the light beam applied to the unit to a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation unit.

  In this image display device, a light beam emitted from a light source using a light emitting diode is irradiated with a light beam shape setting unit into a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming region in the space modulation unit. . The spatial modulation means spatially modulates the irradiated light according to the information of the video to be displayed to form an image. The light modulated by the spatial modulation means is projected onto the screen, the eyes of the observer, and the like by the projection optical system.

  The video display device to which the present invention is applied uses a light emitting diode as a light source, and the cross-sectional shape of a light beam emitted from the light source and applied to the spatial modulation unit is a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation unit. Since the light beam shape setting means is provided, the life of the light source is prolonged, good color reproduction is possible, the light utilization efficiency can be improved, the power consumption can be reduced, and the device can be downsized. Has the effect of becoming.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the light beam shape setting means changes the cross-sectional shape of the light beam irradiated to the spatial modulation means in conjunction with the change in the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation means. It is possible to reduce the change in the brightness of the video accompanying the change in the shape of the region.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a projection-type image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This video display device includes a cubic composite prism 10, a green video display light valve 11G disposed so as to face one surface 10G of the composite prism 10, and a surface 10G of the composite prism 10 orthogonal to the surface 10G. The red video display light valve 11R disposed to face the other surface 10R, and the blue video display light valve disposed to face the other surface 10B parallel to the surface 10R of the composite prism 10. 11B. Each video display light valve 11R, 11G, 11B constitutes a spatial modulation means in the present invention.

  The video display device is further disposed on the side of the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B, and the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B are irradiated with red illumination light, green illumination light, and blue illumination light, respectively. A red light emitting diode 12R, a green light emitting diode 12G, and a blue light emitting diode 12B are provided as light sources. Here, the red illumination light, the green illumination light, and the blue illumination light are not single wavelength light but light having a certain wavelength distribution.

  Between the red light emitting diode 12R and the red video display light valve 11R, a red relay lens 13R and a red field lens 14R are disposed in this order from the red light emitting diode 12R side. Similarly, a green relay lens 13B and a green field lens 14G are disposed between the green light emitting diode 12G and the green video display light valve 11G in order from the green light emitting diode 12G side. Further, a blue relay lens 13B and a blue field lens 14B are disposed in this order from the blue light emitting diode 12B side between the blue light emitting diode 12B and the blue image display light valve 11B.

  The video display device in the form of Mr. Honji is further arranged so as to face a surface 10A parallel to the surface 10G of the composite prism 10, and is formed by the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B. Is provided with a projection lens 15 for projecting the image light synthesized on the screen 17 of a transmission type (in the case of a rear projection type video display device) or a reflection type (in the case of a front projection type video display device). Each component in the video display device is held in an appropriate holder and installed in the housing 16.

  The combining prism 10 is a dichroic prism having a reflecting surface 10r that reflects only red light incident from the surface 10R toward the surface 10A and a reflecting surface 10b that reflects only blue light incident from the surface 10B toward the surface 10A. Has been.

  The video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B are transmissive liquid crystal light valves, each having a large number of pixels capable of controlling the light transmittance. For these video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B, for example, liquid crystal such as TN (Twisted Nematic), STN (Super Twisted Nematic), FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal), or the like is used. Further, these video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B may be driven by an active matrix system or may be driven by a simple matrix system. When driven by the active matrix method, for example, TFT (Thin Film Transistor), MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) or the like is used as the switch element.

  As the red light emitting diode 12R, for example, an AlGaAs-based or AlGaInP-based compound semiconductor is used, and as the green light-emitting diode 12G and the blue light-emitting diode 12B, for example, a GaN-based or ZnSe-based compound semiconductor is used. use.

  The relay lenses 13R, 13G, and 13B are lenses for forming a two-dimensional image of the light emitting portion of each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B on the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B, respectively. The field lenses 14R, 14G, and 14B are lenses for forming an image of the rear focal plane of the relay lenses 13R, 13G, and 13B at the position of the entrance pupil of the projection lens 15, respectively.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the shape of the video display light valve 11 (representing 11R, 11G, and 11B). The video display light valve 11 in this example has an aspect ratio of 3: 4 as shown in FIG. The size of the video display light valve 11 is, for example, a diagonal of 1.3 inches (about 33 mm), but may be smaller or larger. In the video display light valve 11 shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to form an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 as in the NTSC system by setting the entire area as the image forming area 21 as shown in FIG. In addition to the above, as shown in (c), the image forming area 22 is formed by excluding the upper and lower ends, thereby forming an image having an aspect ratio of 9:16 as in the high-definition method. It is also possible.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another example of the shape of the video display light valve 11. The video display light valve 11 in this example has an aspect ratio of 9:16 as shown in FIG. The video display light valve 11 can form an image with an aspect ratio of 9:16 by forming the entire area as an image forming area 23 as shown in FIG. As described above, it is also possible to form an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 by using the image forming region 24 as a region excluding each of the left and right ends.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the shape of the light emitting diode 12 (representing 12R, 12G, and 12B). In the present embodiment, the light emitting portion (light emitting surface) of the light emitting diode 12 is used in order to make the cross-sectional shape of the light beam irradiated to the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 correspond to the shape of the image forming area. Is a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11.

  In the light emitting diode 12 of the example shown in FIG. 5A, the shape of the light emitting portion 25 is formed in a shape having an aspect ratio of 3: 4. In the light emitting diode 12 of this example, the shape of the light emitting portion 25 is the same as or similar to the shape of the image forming region 21 shown in FIG. 3B and the shape of the image forming region 24 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3B or FIG. 4C, the image display light valve 11 is used when an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is formed.

  On the other hand, in the light emitting diode 12 of the example shown in FIG. 5B, the shape of the light emitting portion 25 is formed in a shape having an aspect ratio of 9:16. In the light emitting diode 12 of this example, the shape of the light emitting portion 25 is the same or similar to the shape of the image forming region 21 shown in FIG. 3C and the shape of the image forming region 24 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3C or FIG. 4B, the image display light valve 11 is used when an image having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is formed.

  The shape of the video display light valve 11 is not limited to the aspect ratio of 3: 4 and the aspect ratio of 9:16 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but may be other shapes. Further, the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 is not limited to the aspect ratio of 3: 4 and the aspect ratio of 9:16, but may be other shapes. In any case, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light emitting diode 12 is set so that the cross-sectional shape of the light beam irradiated to the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 corresponds to the shape of the image forming area. .

  Note that the shape of the light emitting portion of the light emitting diode 12 such that the cross-sectional shape of the light beam irradiated to the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 corresponds to the shape of the image forming area is not necessarily the shape of the image forming area. It is not necessarily the same shape or similar shape. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the results of an experiment in which the relationship between the shape of the light emitting part of the light source and the shape of the irradiation light in the video display light valve 11 was examined.

  6A shows the light emission state of the light source when the shape of the light emitting portion is a rectangle having an aspect ratio of 3: 4, and FIG. 6B shows the illumination state of the video display light valve 11 in that case. Yes. Similarly, (c) represents the light emission state of the light source when the shape of the light emitting portion is a rectangle having an aspect ratio of 9:16, and (d) represents the illumination state of the video display light valve 11 in that case. . Further, (e) shows the light emission state of the light source when the shape of the light emitting part is a shape in which a rectangular corner having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is bulged, and (f) is a video display light in that case. The illumination state in the bulb 11 is shown. In (a), (c), and (e), reference numeral A1 represents a uniform luminance region. In (b), (d), and (f), symbol B1 is a region having a relative luminance of 0.9 or more and 1 or less, B2 is a region having a relative value of 0.8 or more and less than 0.9, B3 is a region having a relative luminance of 0.7 to less than 0.8, B4 is a region having a relative value of 0.3 to less than 0.7, and B5 is a relative value of 0.1 to 0.3. Represents an area of less than.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 6A to 6D, when the shape of the light emitting portion of the light source is rectangular, the shape of the irradiation light in the video display light valve 11 is also substantially rectangular, but the corners are rounded. Become. Therefore, when the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 is rectangular, as shown in FIG. 6E, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light source is a shape in which the rectangular corners are bulged. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6F, the shape of the irradiation light may be close to a rectangle. Note that how the shape of the irradiation light changes with respect to the shape of the light emitting portion of the light source varies depending on the optical system between the light source and the image display light valve 11 or the like. Accordingly, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light source is appropriately set so that the cross-sectional shape of the light beam actually irradiated to the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 corresponds to the shape of the image forming area. Is preferred.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the video display device according to the present embodiment receives a video signal VS and receives a red image signal, a green image signal, and a blue image corresponding to a red image, a green image, and a blue image, respectively. A video signal processing circuit 31 for generating an image signal, and a red image memory 32R for temporarily recording the red image signal, the green image signal, and the blue image signal generated by the video signal processing circuit 31; A red light valve drive circuit 33R, which is connected to the green image memory 32G, the blue image memory 32B, the video signal processing circuit 31 and the red image memory 32R, and drives the red video display light valve 11R, and the video signal processing The green light valve drive circuit 33G, which is connected to the circuit 31 and the green image memory 32G and drives the green video display light valve 11G, the video signal processing circuit 31 and the blue image memory. It is connected to the re-32B, and a blue light valve driving circuit 33B for driving the blue picture display light valve 11B.

  The video display device further includes a red light-emitting diode drive circuit 34R, a green light-emitting diode drive circuit 34G, and a red light-emitting diode 12R, a green light-emitting diode 12G, and a blue light-emitting diode 12B. A blue light emitting diode driving circuit 34B, a video signal processing circuit 31, and a controller 35 for controlling the light emitting diode driving circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are provided. The controller 35 is configured by a microcomputer, for example.

  The light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B by changing the applied voltage and the injection current to each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B by switching the variable resistance and the resistance. Means are provided for allowing the brightness of the light to be adjusted independently.

  Next, the operation of the video display device according to the present embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the video signal VS is input to the video signal processing circuit 31, and the video signal processing circuit 31 generates a red image signal, a green image signal, and a blue image signal. The data is temporarily recorded in the red image memory 32R, the green image memory 32G, and the blue image memory 32B. Each light valve drive circuit 33R, 33G, 33B reads an image signal for each color from each image memory 32R, 32G, 32B at a fixed period, and based on this image signal, each video display light valve 11R, 11G and 11B are driven.

  On the other hand, each light emitting diode drive circuit 34R, 34G, 34B drives each light emitting diode 12R, 12G, 12B so that each light emitting diode 12R, 12G, 12B is always or appropriately lighted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the red uniform illumination light emitted from the red light emitting diode 12R is irradiated to the red video display light valve 11R through the relay lens 13R and the field lens 14R, and the red video display light. The intensity is spatially modulated by the bulb 11R and is incident on the combining prism 10. Similarly, the green uniform illumination light emitted from the green light emitting diode 12G is irradiated to the green video display light valve 11G through the relay lens 13G and the field lens 14G, and is spatially transmitted by the green video display light valve 11G. And is incident on the combining prism 10. The blue uniform illumination light emitted from the blue light emitting diode 12B is irradiated to the blue image display light valve 11B through the relay lens 13B and the field lens 14B, and is spatially transmitted by the blue image display light valve 11B. The intensity is modulated and enters the combining prism 10.

  The light of each color modulated by the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B is synthesized by the synthesis prism 10, emitted from the surface 10A, enlarged and projected onto the screen 17 by the projection lens 15, and the color video is projected on the screen 17. Is displayed.

  As described above, since the light emitting diode 12 is used as the light source in the video display device according to the present embodiment, the life of the light source is prolonged. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the trouble of replacing the light source. Further, since the wavelength range of the emitted light of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B for each color is narrow, the wavelength distribution of each color is the wavelength distribution of the emitted light of the original white light source as when the emitted light of the white light source is color-separated. The range of colors that can be expressed by combining the light emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B is widened, and as a result, good color reproduction is possible. Furthermore, since the light emitting diode has less power consumption and is smaller than a white light source, it can reduce power consumption compared to the case where a white light source is used as the light source, and the image display device can be made smaller. Can be realized.

  Further, according to the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light emitting diode 12 is the same as the shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 (for example, the same shape or similar shape). As a result, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam applied to the image forming area is changed to a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area. The efficiency is improved, and as a result, the power consumption can be further reduced and the apparatus can be downsized.

  Further, according to the video display device according to the present embodiment, the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, 12B for each color can be adjusted independently, so that the Wide adjustment range. In addition, when the efficiency of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B for each color is different, the applied voltage and the injection current to the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B are changed in advance in the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B. By adjusting the brightness of the light emitted from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B independently, the color temperature of the white screen can be adjusted to, for example, 9300 degrees or 6500 degrees. In addition, the viewer can arbitrarily adjust the luminance of the light emitted from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, and perform color adjustment that matches the viewer's preference.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, a video display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The video display device according to the present embodiment includes, as a light source, a light source device 42 that includes a plurality of light emitting diodes each having a light emitting portion arranged in a plane instead of the single light emitting diode 12 in the first embodiment. And the plurality of light emitting diodes are selectively driven so that the cross-sectional shape of the light beam emitted from the light source device 42 corresponds to the shape of the image forming region in the video display light valve 11. is there. The light source device 42 in place of the light emitting diode 12R includes a plurality of red light emitting diodes, the light source device 42 in place of the light emitting diode 12G includes a plurality of green light emitting diodes, and the light source device 42 in place of the light emitting diode 12B. Includes a plurality of blue light emitting diodes. Further, in the present embodiment, the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B for each color in FIG. 2 can selectively drive a plurality of light emitting diodes included in the light source device 42 of the corresponding color. It is like that.

  FIG. 7A shows an example of the arrangement of a plurality of light emitting diodes in the light source device 42. In the light source device 42 of this example, twelve light emitting diodes 41 in which the planar shape of the light emitting portion is circular are arranged in the vertical direction and 16 in the horizontal direction. In this light source device 42, as shown in FIG. 7B, by driving all the light emitting diodes 41, the shape of the light emitting part in the light source device 42 can be made a rectangle with an aspect ratio of 3: 4. In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 7C, among all the light emitting diodes 41, the light emitting diodes 41 for nine rows excluding the light emitting diodes 41 for the total three rows above and below are selectively driven. By doing so, the shape of the light emitting portion in the light source device 42 can be a rectangle having an aspect ratio of 9:16. The light emission state shown in FIG. 7B is used when an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is formed by the video display light valve 11, and the light emission state shown in FIG. 7C is the video display light valve. 11 is used when an image having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is formed.

  FIG. 8A shows another example of the arrangement of a plurality of light emitting diodes in the light source device 42. In the light source device 42 of this example, nine light emitting diodes 41 in which the planar shape of the light emitting portion is circular are arranged in the vertical direction and 16 in the horizontal direction. In this light source device 42, as shown in FIG. 8C, by driving all the light emitting diodes 41, the shape of the light emitting part in the light source device 42 can be made a rectangle with an aspect ratio of 9:16. In addition to the above, as shown in FIG. 8B, among all the light emitting diodes 41, the light emitting diodes 41 for 12 columns excluding the light emitting diodes 41 for a total of 4 columns on the left and right are selectively driven. By doing so, the shape of the light emitting part in the light source device 42 can be a rectangle having an aspect ratio of 3: 4. The light emission state shown in FIG. 8B is used when an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is formed by the video display light valve 11, and the light emission state shown in FIG. 8C is the video display light valve. 11 is used when an image having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is formed.

  In addition, arrangement | positioning of the several light emitting diode 41 in the light source device 42 is not restricted to the example shown to Fig.7 (a) or Fig.8 (a), It can set arbitrarily. Moreover, the shape of the light emission part in the light source device 42 formed by selectively driving the plurality of light emitting diodes 41 is also shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C and FIGS. 8B and 8C. The present invention is not limited to this example, and can be arbitrarily set according to the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11.

  According to the video display device according to the present embodiment, the shape of the light emitting portion in the light source device 42 can be arbitrarily set by selectively driving the plurality of light emitting diodes 41 included in the light source device 42. Thus, it is possible to cope with various shapes of image forming areas in the video display light valve 11 without replacing the light source device 42. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Next, a video display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment. In this video display device, a red light emitting diode 44R, a green light emitting diode 44G, and a blue light emitting diode 44B having a circular light emitting portion are provided in place of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B in the first embodiment. ing. In the video display device according to the present embodiment, further, between the field lens 14R and the video display light valve 11R, between the field lens 14G and the video display light valve 11G, and between the field lens 14B and the video display light valve 11B. , Respectively, are provided with light beam shape conversion devices 50R, 50G, and 50B.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the light beam shape conversion device 50 (representing 50R, 50G, and 50B). The light beam shape conversion device 50 includes two cylindrical lenses 51 and 52. The curvature radius of the curved surface of the cylindrical lens 52 is larger than the curvature radius of the curved surface of the cylindrical lens 51. One end of each of the cylindrical lenses 51 and 52 is joined to one end of each of the levers 53 and 54, and the other end of each of the levers 53 and 54 is joined to a common rotating shaft 55. The rotating shaft 55 is rotatably supported by a bearing portion 56 fixed to the housing 16. A manual lever 57 is joined to the rotary shaft 55. The cylindrical lenses 51 and 52 correspond to the optical elements in the present invention, and are for changing the cross-sectional shape of the light beam irradiated to the video display light valve 11 in accordance with the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11. It is.

  A common lever that interlocks the manual lever 57 for each of the light beam shape conversion devices 50R, 50G, and 50B is provided so as to protrude to the outside of the casing 16, and all the levers are operated by operating the common lever. The manual lever 57 in the light beam shape conversion devices 50R, 50G, and 50B may be operated simultaneously.

  In this light beam shape conversion device 50, by rotating the manual lever 57, the levers 53, 54 are rotated around the rotation shaft 55, and in the illumination light path from the light emitting diode 12 to the video display light valve 11. In addition, one of the cylindrical lenses 51 and 52 can be selectively inserted. When the cylindrical lens 51 is inserted in the illumination optical path, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam applied to the image display light valve 11 is a horizontally long elliptical shape. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is such that, when the image forming area having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is irradiated, the entire image forming area can be covered and the area protruding from the image forming area is small. The shape is set to be as small as possible. On the other hand, when the cylindrical lens 52 is inserted in the illumination optical path, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam applied to the image display light valve 11 is a horizontally long elliptical shape that is close to a circle as compared with the case of the cylindrical lens 51. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is such that, when the image forming area having an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is irradiated, the entire image forming area can be covered and the area protruding from the image forming area is small. The shape is set to be as small as possible.

  Therefore, in the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, when the video display light valve 11 having an aspect ratio of 9:16 is used, the aspect ratio is 3: as shown in FIG. When the image 4 is formed, a cylindrical lens 52 is inserted in the illumination optical path, and the image forming region 24 of the image display light valve 11 is irradiated with a horizontally long elliptical light beam 57 that is nearly circular, as shown in FIG. As shown in (b), when an image with an aspect ratio of 9:16 is formed, a cylindrical lens 51 is inserted in the illumination optical path, and the elongated horizontal oblong shape is formed in the image forming area 23 of the video display light valve 11. The elliptical luminous flux 58 is irradiated. When the video display light valve 11 having an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is used, as shown in FIG. 11C, when an image having an aspect ratio of 3: 4 is formed, A cylindrical lens 52 is inserted into the image display region 21 to irradiate the image forming region 21 of the image display light valve 11 with a horizontally long elliptical elliptical light beam 57, and the aspect ratio is 9 as shown in FIG. When a 16 image is formed, the cylindrical lens 51 is inserted in the illumination optical path, and the image forming region 22 of the image display light valve 11 is irradiated with a long and narrow elliptical light beam 58.

  As described above, according to the video display device according to the present embodiment, the light beam shape conversion device 50 can change the cross-sectional shape of the light beam applied to the video display light valve 11, so that the light source is replaced. Instead, the image display light valve 11 can correspond to a plurality of shapes of image forming areas. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, a video display apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The video display device according to the present embodiment automatically performs switching of the cylindrical lenses 51 and 52 in the light beam shape conversion device in conjunction with a change in the shape of the image forming region in the video display light valve 11 and displays the result. The type of video is determined, and the brightness of light emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, 12B for each color is automatically adjusted according to the color temperature of the white screen corresponding to the determined type of video. It is an example.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 12, the video display device according to the present embodiment is different from the light beam shape conversion devices 50R, 50G, 50B in the third embodiment in that the light beam shape conversion devices 60R, 60G, 60B is provided. The light beam shape conversion devices 60R, 60G, 60B are provided with a motor 61 for rotating the rotating shaft 55 in the bearing portion 56 instead of the manual lever 57 in the light beam shape conversion devices 50R, 50G, 50B. It is configured.

  Further, the video display device according to the present embodiment includes a motor drive circuit 62 for driving the motor 61 of each light beam shape conversion device 60R, 60G, 60B. The motor drive circuit 62 is controlled by the controller 35. Furthermore, the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B in the present embodiment can adjust the luminance of the light emitted from the corresponding light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, 12B under the control of the controller 35. It has become. The controller 35 in the present embodiment receives the video signal VS, and controls the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B and the motor drive circuit 62 in accordance with the type of the video signal VS, as will be described later.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the operation of the controller 35 relating to the control of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B and the motor drive circuit 62 according to the type of video signal. In this operation, the controller 35 first determines whether or not the video signal is in the NTSC format (step S101). In the case of the NTSC system (Y), the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the color temperature of the white screen for the NTSC system (for example, 9300 degrees) is obtained. The brightness of the light emitted from 12R, 12G, and 12B is adjusted (step S102). Next, the controller 35 controls the motor driving circuit 62 so as to correspond to the NTSC system aspect ratio 3: 4 image, and inserts the cylindrical lens 52 into the illumination optical path for each color (step S103). The operation shown in FIG. 13 ends.

  If the video signal is not in the NTSC format (step S101; N), the controller 35 determines whether the video signal is in the high vision format (step S104). In the case of the high-definition method (Y), the controller 35 controls the light-emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the color temperature (for example, 6500 degrees) of the white screen for the high-definition method is obtained. The brightness of the light emitted from 12R, 12G, and 12B is adjusted (step S105). Next, the controller 35 controls the motor drive circuit 62 so as to correspond to the image of the high-definition aspect ratio 9:16, and inserts the cylindrical lens 51 into the illumination light path for each color (step S106). The operation shown in FIG. 13 ends.

  If the video signal is not a high-definition system (step S104; N), the controller 35 determines whether the video signal is for a computer (step S107). If it is for a computer (Y), the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the color temperature (for example, 9300 degrees) of the white screen for the computer is obtained. The brightness of the light emitted from the diodes 12R, 12G, 12B is adjusted (step S108). Next, the controller 35 controls the motor drive circuit 62 so as to correspond to an image with an aspect ratio of 3: 4 for a computer, and inserts the cylindrical lens 52 into the illumination light path for each color (step S109). The operation shown in FIG. 13 ends.

  When the video signal is not for a computer (step S107; N), the controller 35 sets each light emitting diode drive circuit 34R, 34 so that the default white screen color temperature (for example, 6500 degrees or 9300 degrees) is obtained. The brightness of light emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, 12B is adjusted by controlling 34G, 34B (step S110). Next, the controller 35 controls the motor driving circuit 62 so as to correspond to an image having a default aspect ratio (for example, 3: 4 or 9:16), and the cylindrical lens 52 or the cylindrical lens is included in the illumination light path for each color. The lens 51 is inserted (step S111), and the operation shown in FIG.

  Whether the video signal is an NTSC system, a high-vision system, or a computer is determined by, for example, detecting a horizontal synchronization signal or a vertical synchronization signal in the video signal, and what is the horizontal synchronization frequency or the vertical synchronization frequency. Can be done based on.

  Further, as the color temperature of the white screen for the NTSC system or the high vision system, for example, a value determined by the Japan Electronic Machinery Manufacturers Association is used.

  Needless to say, steps similar to steps S101, S104, S107, etc. of FIG. 13 may be added to support TV standards (PAL, SECAM, etc.) other than the NTSC system and the high-definition system.

  According to the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment, the type of video to be displayed is determined, and the cylindrical lenses 51 and 52 in the light beam shape conversion devices 60R, 60G, and 60B are switched according to the determined video type, Since the color temperature of the white screen is adjusted, the optimum lighting state and color temperature can be automatically set. In addition, since the shape of the light beam applied to the image forming area is automatically changed according to the shape of the image forming area of the video display light valve 11, the change in the brightness of the displayed video is reduced. Can do.

  In the video display device according to the present embodiment, an instruction for the user to independently adjust the luminance of the light emitted from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, and the luminous flux on the video display light valve 11 are displayed. An operation unit for inputting an instruction for switching the cross-sectional shape to the controller 35 is provided, and the controller 35 independently controls the luminance of the light emitted from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B according to the instruction from the operation unit. Or the sectional shape of the light beam on the image display light valve 11 may be switched.

  Further, in the video display device according to the present embodiment, the controller 35 emits light from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B in accordance with the shape of the image forming area in the video display light valve 11 determined based on the video signal. The brightness of the entire image to be displayed may be kept constant regardless of the shape of the image forming area by adjusting the brightness of the light.

  In addition, in the video display device according to the present embodiment, the light beam shape conversion devices 60R, 60G, and 60B are not provided, and instead of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, a plurality of the shapes in the second embodiment are used. A light source device 42 including a light emitting diode is provided, and the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B according to the discriminated image type, and switches the light emitting diodes to be driven in the light source device 42. The cross-sectional shape of the light beam on the image display light valve 11 may be switched.

  Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.

  Next, a video display apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The video display apparatus according to the present embodiment is an example in which a color image is displayed by a time division color display method. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment. The video display device according to the present embodiment does not include the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B for each color in the first embodiment, but instead, between the synthesis prism 10 and the projection lens 15, A video display light valve 65 is provided.

  FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment. The video display device according to the present embodiment receives a video signal VS, generates a red image signal, a green image signal, and a blue image signal corresponding to a red image, a green image, and a blue image, respectively, and outputs them. A video signal processing circuit 66 that sequentially switches and outputs, an image memory 67 for temporarily recording a red image signal, a green image signal, and a blue image signal generated by the video signal processing circuit 66, and a video A light valve drive circuit 68 connected to the signal processing circuit 66 and the image memory 67 and driving the video display light valve 65 is provided.

  The video display device further includes a red light-emitting diode drive circuit 34R, a green light-emitting diode drive circuit 34G, and a red light-emitting diode 12R, a green light-emitting diode 12G, and a blue light-emitting diode 12B. A blue light emitting diode drive circuit 34B, a video signal processing circuit 66, a light valve drive circuit 68, and a controller 35 for controlling the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are provided.

  Next, the operation of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. The controller 35 receives the video signal VS, generates a timing signal for dividing the period of one frame or one field into three equal parts in synchronization with the video signal, and sends it to the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve driving circuit 68. send. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates a red image signal, a green image signal, and a blue image signal in accordance with the timing signal, and sequentially switches and outputs them. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve driving circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signals for each color from the image memory 67 according to the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on the image signals. As a result, in the video display light valve 65, as shown in FIG. 18 (d), each gradation image for red (R), green (G), and blue (B) in a period of one frame or one field. Are sequentially switched and displayed.

  On the other hand, the controller 35 drives each light-emitting diode so that the light-emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B are sequentially turned on in synchronization with the timing at which each of the gradation images for red, green, and blue is displayed on the video display light valve 65. The circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are controlled. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C, the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12G are synchronized with the timing at which the respective grayscale images for red, green, and blue are displayed on the video display light valve 65. 12B (referred to as LED R, LED G, and LED B, respectively in FIG. 16) is turned on, and light of each color is sequentially switched and irradiated to the video display light valve 65.

  By such an operation, red, green, and blue images are sequentially switched and projected onto the screen 17, but are recognized as color images by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18, a video display apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The video display apparatus according to the present embodiment is an example in which a time-division color display method is used and a color image is displayed using a digital gradation display method, as in the fifth embodiment.

  First, the principle of the digital gradation display method will be described with reference to FIG. The principle of the digital gradation display method is that an image to be displayed as shown in FIG. 17A is obtained by weighting a plurality of weighted bit images (binary images) as shown in FIGS. It is expressed as a sum. The upper part of FIG. 17A represents an example of a gradation image to be displayed, and the upper part of FIGS. 17B to 17E represents each bit image weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1. Yes. The lower part of FIGS. 17A to 17E represents the luminance of each pixel in the upper image in hexadecimal. In this digital gradation display system, a weighted bit image group is displayed within one frame time by controlling the light source and the video display light valve for binary display, and the afterimage effect of the human eye is utilized. , Make the viewer feel the gradation.

  There are mainly two methods for weighting a bit image in digital gradation display. One is a pulse width modulation gradation display in which the brightness of the illumination light is constant and weighted according to the length of the display time of each bit image, and the other is the length of the display time of each bit image. Is a light intensity modulation gradation display in which is fixed and weighted according to the brightness of the illumination light. Two methods can be used in combination.

  The configuration of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that shown in FIG.

  Next, the operation of the video display apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. 18A to 18C show the light emission timing and the light emission amount of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, respectively. FIG. 18D shows the display state of the video display light valve 65. Here, an example in which digital gradation display is performed using both pulse width modulation gradation display and light intensity modulation gradation display will be described. In the following description, each bit image weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 in order to represent a red gradation image will be referred to as images R8, R4, R2, and R1, respectively, to represent a green gradation image. Therefore, each bit image weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 is set as an image G8, G4, G2, G1, and each weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 to express a blue gradation image. Let the bit images be images B8, B4, B2, and B1, respectively.

  The controller 35 receives the video signal VS, generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the video signal VS, and sends it to the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve driving circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates the image signals of the bit images R8, G8, B8, R4, R2, R1, G4, G2, G1, B4, B2, B1 for each frame according to the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18 (d), the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are sequentially displayed by dividing the 2/5 period from the top in one frame into three equal parts, and in one frame. Bit images R4, R2, R1, G4, G2, G1, B4, B2, and B1 are sequentially displayed by dividing the remaining period into nine equal parts. Accordingly, the period during which the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed is twice as long as the other bit images are displayed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 18A to 18C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. Further, the controller 35 has the same amount of light emitted from the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B during the period in which the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed and the period in which the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed. When the amount is 1, the amount of light emission is ½ during the period in which the bit images R2, G2, and B2 are displayed, and the amount of light emission is ¼ during the period in which the bit images R1, G1, and B1 are displayed. In addition, each light emitting diode drive circuit 34R, 34G, 34B is controlled. By such an operation, the light of a plurality of bit images weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17, and the viewer can see the image by the afterimage effect of human eyes. Is recognized as a color image. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

  FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The video display device according to the present embodiment is an example in which a reflective liquid crystal light valve is used as a video display light valve and a color image is displayed using a time-division color display method. Needless to say, in adopting the time-division color display method, a transmissive liquid crystal light valve may be used as shown in FIG.

  The video display device according to the present embodiment is the same as the video display device according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14 except that the polarization beam splitter 70 is used instead of the video display light valve 65 using a transmissive liquid crystal light valve. And a video display light valve 71 using a reflective liquid crystal light valve. The polarization beam splitter 70 and the image display light valve 71 are arranged in this order on the optical path of the outgoing light from the combining prism 10. The polarization beam splitter 70 has a reflecting surface 70a that transmits P-polarized light (polarized light whose polarization direction is parallel to the incident surface) and reflects S-polarized light (polarized light whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the incident surface). Yes. In the present embodiment, the projection lens 15 is disposed in a direction in which the light from the image display light valve 71 is reflected by the reflection surface 70 a of the polarization beam splitter 70 and travels.

  In the video display device according to the present embodiment, the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B and the video display light valve 71 are driven according to the time-division color display method, as in the fifth embodiment. Light emitted from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B enters the polarization beam splitter 70 through the relay lenses 13R, 13G, and 13B, the field lenses 14R, 14G, and 14B, and the combining prism 10. In the polarization beam splitter 70, only the P-polarized component of the incident light is transmitted through the reflecting surface 70 a and enters the video display light valve 71. A video display light valve 71 using a reflective liquid crystal light valve spatially changes incident light by changing the polarization state (polarization degree) for each pixel according to an image to be displayed using birefringence. Modulate and reflect to the polarization beam splitter 70 side. In the polarization beam splitter 70, only the S-polarized component of the light from the image display light valve 71 is reflected by the reflecting surface 70 a, enters the projection lens 15, and is enlarged and projected on the transmission type or reflection type screen 17. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

  FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The video display device according to the present embodiment is an example in which a video display light valve using a reflective liquid crystal light valve is provided for each color. This video display device includes a red light emitting diode 12R, a red relay lens 13R, a red field lens 14R, a red polarizing beam splitter 70R, and a red video display light valve 71R arranged on a straight line. These are arranged so that the S-polarized component reflected by the red polarizing beam splitter 70R out of the light reflected by the red video display light valve 71R enters the surface 10R of the combining prism 10. The video display device further includes a green light emitting diode 12G, a green relay lens 13G, a green field lens 14G, a green polarization beam splitter 70G, and a green video display light valve 71G arranged on a straight line. These are arranged so that the S-polarized light component reflected by the green polarizing beam splitter 70G out of the light reflected by the green video display light valve 71G is incident on the surface 10G of the combining prism 10. The video display device further includes a blue light emitting diode 12B, a blue relay lens 13B, a blue field lens 14B, a blue polarization beam splitter 70B, and a blue video display light valve 71B arranged on a straight line. These are arranged so that the S-polarized light component reflected by the blue polarization beam splitter 70B out of the light reflected by the blue image display light valve 71B is incident on the surface 10B of the combining prism 10.

  Note that the principle of modulation by the polarization beam splitters 70R, 70G, and 70B and the image display light valves 71R, 71G, and 71B is as described in the seventh embodiment. The light modulated for each color is combined by the combining prism 10 and projected onto the screen 17 by the projection lens 15 as in the first embodiment. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. The video display device according to the present embodiment is an example of a virtual image display type video display device, and has a form of a so-called head mounted display used by being mounted on the head. However, it goes without saying that the video display device according to the present embodiment may be used as a virtual image display type video display device that is not worn on the head.

  This video display device includes a composite prism 10, video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B, light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, and relay lenses 13R, 13G, and 13B that are arranged in the same positional relationship as in the first embodiment. And field lenses 14R, 14G, and 14B. The video display device according to the present embodiment further includes a half mirror 80 disposed on the optical path of the outgoing light from the combining prism 10, and an optical path of the light emitted from the combining prism 10 and reflected by the half mirror 80. And a concave mirror 81 also serving as a half mirror. Each of the above components is held in an appropriate holder and installed in the housing 16. The housing 16 is provided with an opening 82 for a viewer to look into at a position opposite to the traveling direction of the light emitted from the combining prism 10 and reflected by the half mirror 80, and at a position facing the concave mirror 81. An opening 83 is provided for capturing the scenery in front.

  In the video display device according to the present embodiment, the light modulated for each color is combined by the combining prism 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and a part of the light is reflected by the half mirror 80 to the concave mirror 81. Incident, part of which is reflected and incident on the half mirror 80, and further part of the light is transmitted through the half mirror 80 and projected onto the observer's eye 84 through the opening 82. Thereby, the observer observes the virtual image 85 corresponding to the image generated by the video display light valves 11R, 11G, and 11B and synthesized by the synthesis prism 10 together with the scenery in front. Other configurations, operations, and effects in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the video display apparatus according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to an exposure apparatus for projecting and exposing a mask pattern (corresponding to an image in the present invention) to a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer. The exposure apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a light emitting diode 91 that emits light (visible light or ultraviolet light) sensitive to a photoresist, a collector lens 92 that collects the light emitted from the light emitting diode 91, and A fly-eye lens 93 for making the illuminance of the light after passing through the collector lens 92 uniform, and a mask 95 on which a predetermined pattern is formed by collecting the light after passing through the fly-eye lens 93 (in the present invention) And a projection lens 96 for projecting the light after passing through the mask 95 onto the photoresist on the semiconductor wafer 97. In the present embodiment, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light emitting diode 91 is set to a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the mask 95, whereby the shape of the light irradiated to the image forming area in the mask 95 is changed to the image. The shape corresponds to the formation region. In the present embodiment, the luminance of the emitted light from the light emitting diode 91 can be adjusted as in the first embodiment.

  In this exposure apparatus, the light emitted from the light emitting diode 91 is applied to the mask 95 through the collector lens 92, the fly-eye lens 93, and the condenser lens 94. The light spatially modulated by the mask 95 is projected onto the photoresist on the semiconductor wafer 97 by the projection lens 96, and the photoresist is exposed. The exposure apparatus according to the present embodiment may be an exposure apparatus that performs equal magnification exposure, or may be a stepped projection exposure apparatus that performs reduced projection exposure.

  According to the exposure apparatus of the present embodiment, since the light emitting diode 91 is used as the light source, the life of the light source can be extended, the power consumption can be reduced, and the exposure apparatus can be miniaturized. . Further, according to the exposure apparatus of the present embodiment, the shape of the light emitting portion of the light emitting diode 91 is set to a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the mask 95, thereby irradiating the image forming area in the mask 95. Since the shape of the emitted light is a shape corresponding to the image forming area, the light utilization efficiency is improved, and the power consumption and the size of the apparatus can be further reduced. Furthermore, according to the exposure apparatus of the present embodiment, the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting diode 91 can be adjusted, so that the exposure amount can be easily adjusted.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the composition of images for each color is not limited to the composition prism 10, but a dichroic mirror, a color filter, or the like that transmits or reflects light of a specific wavelength component. May be used.

  In addition, the spatial modulation means is not limited to those described in the embodiment, and may be a liquid crystal light valve using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or a polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The light may be spatially modulated by controlling light reflection, transmission, diffraction, and the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the light emitting diode that emits red light, green light, and blue light is used. However, a light emitting diode that emits light of other colors may be used. In this case, the video display light valve is driven based on a color signal corresponding to the color of light emitted from the light emitting diode.

  In the third or fourth embodiment, the two cylindrical lenses are switched to switch the cross-sectional shape of the light beam. However, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is changed by using one or three or more cylindrical lenses. It may be changed. When one cylindrical lens is used, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is switched depending on whether or not the cylindrical lens is inserted into the optical path. Further, the optical element for changing the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is not limited to the cylindrical lens, but may be another optical element such as a mirror having a cylindrical surface or a prism. In addition, for example, a cylindrical lens and a lens having a cylindrical concave surface are arranged along the traveling direction of the illumination light, and the position of both lenses is continuously changed to continuously change the cross-sectional shape of the light beam. You may be able to do that.

  Further, for example, as in the first embodiment, a light emitting diode having a light emitting portion (light emitting surface) having a rectangular shape is used, and the shape of a light beam emitted from the light emitting diode is changed using an optical element such as a cylindrical lens. It is possible to selectively generate a plurality of types of light beams having different aspect ratios.

  Further, the video display device may be configured by appropriately combining the features of the respective embodiments.

  By the way, as the fifth and sixth embodiments of the present invention, an example in which a color image is displayed by a time-division color display method is given. In the time-division color display method, color synthesis is performed by displaying different colors in time-division, thereby displaying a color image. In other words, one frame, which is the display time of one image, is divided into three, and images of each color of red, green, and blue are sequentially output to the image display light valve, and the corresponding color light is sequentially irradiated to the image display light valve. By doing so, a color image is displayed.

  However, when color images are displayed by time-division display of video images of red, green, and blue in this way, a color image is displayed, and the emission time of one color is 1/3 of one frame, Since the video of each color continuously blinks, color composition may not be realized when the human eye blinks or when the human eye follows a moving object.

  That is, a so-called color breakup occurs when the human blinks, or a so-called edge chromatic phenomenon occurs when the human eye follows a moving object as shown in FIG. Note that in FIG. 23, the red color, the green color, and the blue color should originally become white, but due to the edge chromatic phenomenon, a red or yellow portion is generated at one end, and the blue or blue at the other end. It shows how the cyan part occurs.

  The occurrence of such color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon can be suppressed by shortening the time for continuously displaying a monochrome image as shown in FIG. This is clear from the comparison between FIG. 23 and FIG.

  Therefore, a specific example of a method for suppressing the occurrence of color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon by shortening the time for continuously displaying monochrome images will be described with reference to the timing charts of FIGS. To do.

  25 to 32, (a) to (c) in FIG. 25 represent the light emission timing and the light emission amount of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B, respectively. d) represents the display state of the video display light valve 65. Similarly to FIG. 18, the bit images weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 in order to represent the red gradation image are represented as images R8, R4, R2, and R1, respectively, to represent the green gradation image. Therefore, each bit image weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 is set as an image G8, G4, G2, G1, and each weighted at 8: 4: 2: 1 to express a blue gradation image. The bit images are images B8, B4, B2, and B1, respectively.

  In the following description, a combination of a red gradation image R1 having a weight of 1, a green gradation image G1 having a weight of 1 and a blue gradation image B1 having a weight of 1 is represented by a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1. Called. A combination of a red gradation image R2 having a weight of 2, a green gradation image G2 having a weight of 2, and a blue gradation image B2 having a weight of 2 is referred to as a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2. A combination of a red gradation image R4 having a weight of 4, a green gradation image G4 having a weight of 4, and a blue gradation image B4 having a weight of 4 is referred to as a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4. A combination of a red gradation image R8 having a weight of 8, a green gradation image G8 having a weight of 8, and a blue gradation image B8 having a weight of 8 is referred to as a bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8.

  First, the example shown in FIG. 25 will be described. The example of FIG. 25 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by pulse width modulation gradation display, a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1, a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4, In this example, the bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8 is displayed in this order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 25, when one frame is displayed, first, images R1, G1, and B1 having a pulse width of τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1. Next, images R2, G2, and B2 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2. Next, images R4, G4, and B4 having a pulse width of 4τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4. Next, images R8, G8, and B8 having a pulse width of 8τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates image signals of bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 for each frame in accordance with the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 25 (d), bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 are sequentially applied from the head of one frame. indicate. In this example, since pulse width modulation gradation display is adopted, when the period during which the bit images R1, G1, B1 are displayed is τ, the period during which the bit images R2, G2, B2 are displayed Each of them is 2τ, a period in which the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed is 4τ, and each period in which the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed is 8τ.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 25A to 25C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. At this time, the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the light amount from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B becomes the light amount that the human eye feels equally or the human eye feels favorably. Control.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 26 will be described. The example of FIG. 26 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by pulse width modulation gradation display, a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1, a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4, a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, In this example, the bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8 is displayed in this order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 26, when displaying one frame, first, the images R1, G1, and B1 having the pulse width τ are displayed in this order as the bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1. Next, images R4, G4, and B4 having a pulse width of 4τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4. Next, images R2, G2, and B2 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2. Next, images R8, G8, and B8 having a pulse width of 8τ are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates image signals of bit images R1, G1, B1, R4, G4, B4, R2, G2, B2, R8, G8, and B8 for each frame in accordance with the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 26 (d), bit images R1, G1, B1, R4, G4, B4, R2, G2, B2, R8, G8, and B8 are sequentially applied from the head of one frame. indicate. In this example, since pulse width modulation gradation display is adopted, when the period during which the bit images R1, G1, B1 are displayed is τ, the period during which the bit images R2, G2, B2 are displayed Each of them is 2τ, a period in which the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed is 4τ, and each period in which the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed is 8τ.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 26A to 26C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. At this time, the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the light amount from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B becomes the light amount that the human eye feels equally or the human eye feels favorably. Control.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 27 will be described. The example of FIG. 27 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by pulse width modulation gradation display, and each bit image R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2 constituting each bit plane BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4. , R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, B8 are displayed in a different order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 27, when one frame is displayed, a red bit image R1 having a pulse width τ, a green bit image G2 having a pulse width 2τ, and a blue bit image having a pulse width 8τ. B8, a red bit image R4 with a pulse width of 4τ, a green bit image G8 with a pulse width of 8τ, a blue bit image B4 with a pulse width of 4τ, and a red bit image R2 with a pulse width of 2τ A blue bit image B1 having a pulse width τ, a green bit image G4 having a pulse width 4τ, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width 8τ, a blue bit image B2 having a pulse width 2τ, and a pulse The green bit image G1 having the width τ is displayed in this order.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates the image signals of the bit images R1, G2, B8, R4, G8, B4, R2, B1, G4, R8, B2, G1 for each frame according to the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 27 (d), the bit images R1, G2, B8, R4, G8, B4, R2, B1, G4, R8, B2, G1 are sequentially obtained from the head of one frame. indicate. In this example, since pulse width modulation gradation display is adopted, when the period during which the bit images R1, G1, B1 are displayed is τ, the period during which the bit images R2, G2, B2 are displayed Each of them is 2τ, a period in which the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed is 4τ, and each period in which the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed is 8τ.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 27A to 27C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. At this time, the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the light amount from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B becomes the light amount that the human eye feels equally or the human eye feels favorably. Control.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 28 will be described. The example of FIG. 28 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by pulse width modulation gradation display, and the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed in two times, and the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed four times. It is an example of displaying separately.

That is, in the example of FIG. 28, when displaying one frame, first, a red bit image R8 with a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 with a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image with a pulse width of 2τ. The bit image B8 is displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R4 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G4 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B4 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R2 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G2 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B2 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R1 with a pulse width τ, a green bit image G1 with a pulse width τ, and a blue bit image B1 with a pulse width τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R4 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G4 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B4 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. In response to the timing signal, the video signal processing circuit 66 performs bit image R8, G8, B8, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, B8, R2, G2, B2, R1, G1, B1 for each frame. , R8, G8, B8, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 image signals are generated and sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 28 (d), the bit images R8, G8, B8, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, B8, R2, G2, B2, R1 from the head of one frame. , G1, B1, R8 G8 B8, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, B8 are sequentially displayed. In this example, the pulse width modulation gradation display is adopted, the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed in two times, and the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed in four times. Therefore, when the period during which the bit images R1, G1, and B1 are displayed is τ, the period during which the bit images R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 are displayed. Let each be 2τ.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 28A to 28C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. At this time, the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the light amount from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B becomes the light amount that the human eye feels equally or the human eye feels favorably. Control.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur. In addition, in this example, since the variation in the display period of each bit image is reduced, better image display is possible.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 29 will be described. The example of FIG. 29 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by pulse width modulation gradation display. Similarly to the example of FIG. 28, the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed in two portions, and the bit image R8 is displayed. , G8, and B8 are displayed in four divided portions, but in this example, each of the bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 is further displayed. The order is changed and displayed.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 29, when displaying one frame, first, a red bit image R8 with a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G4 with a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image with a pulse width of 2τ. The bit image B2 is displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R4 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B4 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G2 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R2 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R1 with a pulse width τ, a green bit image G1 with a pulse width τ, and a blue bit image B1 with a pulse width τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B4 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R4 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G4 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order. Next, a red bit image R8 having a pulse width of 2τ, a green bit image G8 having a pulse width of 2τ, and a blue bit image B8 having a pulse width of 2τ are displayed in this order.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. In response to the timing signal, the video signal processing circuit 66 performs bit image R8, G4, B2, R4, G8, B4, R8, G2, B8, R2, G8, B8, R1, G1, B1 for each frame. , R8, G8, B4, R4, G4, B8, R8, G8, and B8 image signals are generated and sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 29 (d), the bit images R8, G4, B2, R4, G8, B4, R8, G2, B8, R2, G8, B8, R1 from the head of one frame. , G1, B1, R8, G8, B4, R4, G4, B8, R8, G8, B8 are sequentially displayed. In this example, the pulse width modulation gradation display is adopted, the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed in two times, and the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed in four times. Therefore, when the period during which the bit images R1, G1, and B1 are displayed is τ, the period during which the bit images R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 are displayed. Let each be 2τ.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 29A to 29C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. At this time, the controller 35 controls each of the light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B so that the light amount from each of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B becomes the light amount that the human eye feels equally or the human eye feels favorably. Control.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur. In addition, in this example, since the variation in the display period of each bit image is reduced, better image display is possible.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 30 will be described. The example of FIG. 30 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by light intensity modulation gradation display, a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1, a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4, In this example, the bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8 is displayed in this order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 30, when displaying one frame, first, the images R1, G1, and B1 with the light emission amount set to I are displayed in this order as the bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1. Next, as the bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, the images R2, G2, and B2 with the light emission amounts of 2I are displayed in this order. Next, the images R4, G4, and B4 having the light emission amount of 4I are displayed in this order as the bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4. Next, images R8, G8, and B8, each having a light emission amount of 8I, are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates image signals of bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 for each frame in accordance with the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 30 (d), bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 are sequentially applied from the head of one frame. indicate. Here, the display periods of the bit images R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, and B8 are all set to the same period τ.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 30A to 30C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. Here, since light intensity modulation gradation display is adopted in this example, the controller 35 sets the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when displaying the bit images R1, G1, and B1 to I, respectively. When the bit images R2, G2, and B2 are displayed, the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B are 2I, respectively, and the light emission of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed. The light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are controlled so that the light amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed are 8I, respectively. In addition, you may enable it to change the ratio of the light emission amount of each light emitting diode 12R, 12G, 12B according to a human visual sensitivity and liking.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 31 will be described. The example of FIG. 31 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by light intensity modulation gradation display, a bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1, a bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4, a bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, In this example, the bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8 is displayed in this order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 31, when displaying one frame, first, the images R1, G1, and B1 with the light emission amount set to I are displayed in this order as the bit plane BP1 having a weight of 1. Next, the images R4, G4, and B4 having the light emission amount of 4I are displayed in this order as the bit plane BP3 having a weight of 4. Next, as the bit plane BP2 having a weight of 2, the images R2, G2, and B2 with the light emission amounts of 2I are displayed in this order. Next, images R8, G8, and B8, each having a light emission amount of 8I, are displayed in this order as a bit plane BP4 having a weight of 8.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates image signals of bit images R1, G1, B1, R4, G4, B4, R2, G2, B2, R8, G8, and B8 for each frame in accordance with the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 31 (d), bit images R1, G1, B1, R4, G4, B4, R2, G2, B2, R8, G8, and B8 are sequentially applied from the head of one frame. indicate. Here, the display periods of the bit images R1, G1, B1, R4, G4, B4, R2, G2, B2, R8, G8, and B8 are all set to the same period τ.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 31A to 31C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. Here, since light intensity modulation gradation display is adopted in this example, the controller 35 sets the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when displaying the bit images R1, G1, and B1 to I, respectively. When the bit images R2, G2, and B2 are displayed, the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B are 2I, respectively, and the light emission of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed. The light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are controlled so that the light amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed are 8I, respectively. In addition, you may enable it to change the ratio of the light emission amount of each light emitting diode 12R, 12G, 12B according to a human visual sensitivity and liking.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  Next, the example shown in FIG. 32 will be described. The example of FIG. 32 is an example in which digital gradation display is performed by light intensity modulation gradation display, and each bit image R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2 constituting each bit plane BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4. , R4, G4, B4, R8, G8, B8 are displayed in a different order.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 32, when one frame is displayed, a red bit image R1 in which the light emission amount of the light source is I, a green bit image G4 in which the light emission amount of the light source is 4I, and the light source A blue bit image B2 in which the light emission amount of the light source is 2I, a red bit image R2 in which the light emission amount of the light source is 2I, a green bit image G2 in which the light emission amount of the light source is 2I, and the light emission of the light source The blue bit image B1 with the amount of I, the red bit image R4 with the light emission amount of 4I, the green bit image G1 with the light emission amount of I, and the light emission amount of the light source A blue bit image B8 with 8I, a red bit image R8 with a light emission amount of 8I, a green bit image G8 with a light emission amount of 8I, and a light emission amount of 4I. The blue bit image B4 thus displayed is displayed in this order.

  When such display is performed by the video display device shown in FIG. 15, the controller 35 generates a predetermined timing signal synchronized with the input video signal VS, and the timing signal is used as the video signal processing circuit 66 and the light valve. This is sent to the drive circuit 68. The video signal processing circuit 66 generates image signals of bit images R1, G4, B2, R2, G2, B1, R4, G1, B8, R8, G8, and B4 for each frame in accordance with the timing signal. These are sequentially switched and output. This image signal is once recorded in the image memory 67. The light valve drive circuit 68 sequentially reads out the image signal of each bit image from the image memory 67 in accordance with the timing signal from the controller 35, and drives the video display light valve 65 based on this image signal.

  At this time, in this example, as shown in FIG. 32 (d), the bit images R1, G4, B2, R2, G2, B1, R4, G1, B8, R8, G8, B4 are sequentially obtained from the head of one frame. indicate. Here, the display periods of the bit images R1, G4, B2, R2, G2, B1, R4, G1, B8, R8, G8, and B4 are all set to the same period τ.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 32A to 32C, the controller 35 synchronizes with the timing at which the red, green, and blue bit images are displayed on the video display light valve 65, and the light emitting diode 12R. , 12G, 12B are controlled so that the respective light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, 34B are controlled. Here, since light intensity modulation gradation display is adopted in this example, the controller 35 sets the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when displaying the bit images R1, G1, and B1 to I, respectively. When the bit images R2, G2, and B2 are displayed, the light emission amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B are 2I, respectively, and the light emission of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R4, G4, and B4 are displayed. The light emitting diode drive circuits 34R, 34G, and 34B are controlled so that the light amounts of the light emitting diodes 12R, 12G, and 12B when the bit images R8, G8, and B8 are displayed are 8I, respectively. In addition, you may enable it to change the ratio of the light emission amount of each light emitting diode 12R, 12G, 12B according to a human visual sensitivity and liking.

  Through the operation as described above, light of a plurality of bit images weighted for each color within one frame is sequentially projected onto the screen 17 and is recognized as a color image by the viewer due to the afterimage effect of human eyes. The In this way, when displaying a plurality of single color images in a time-division manner, bit images of different display colors are sequentially displayed so that bit images of the same color are not continuously displayed, so that a single color image is displayed. The time for continuously displaying is shortened. Therefore, color breakup and edge chromatic phenomenon are less likely to occur.

  As described above, by driving the video display device as shown in FIG. 25 to FIG. 32, it is possible to display a good video without causing color breakup or edge chromatic phenomenon.

  In the above description, an example of displaying 16 gradations has been given, but it goes without saying that the number of gradations may be larger or smaller than 16 when applying the present invention. That is, for example, the gradation data per pixel is 3 bits to display 8 gradations, the gradation data per pixel is 8 bits, 256 gradations are displayed, or Display of 1024 gradations may be performed using gradation data per pixel of 10 bits.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the video display apparatus concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the shape of the image | video display light valve in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the shape of the image | video display light valve in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the shape of the light emitting diode in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result of the experiment which investigated the relationship between the shape of the light emission part of a light source, and the shape of the irradiation light in an image | video display light valve. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the light emitting diode of the light source device in the video display apparatus concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of the light emitting diode of the light source device in the video display apparatus concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the light beam shape conversion apparatus in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the shape of the image formation area of the video display light valve in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and the shape of a light beam. It is a block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the principle of the digital gradation display system used in the video display apparatus concerning the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus concerning the 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus which concerns on the 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the video display apparatus concerning the 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an edge chromatic phenomenon. It is a figure which shows a mode that generation | occurrence | production of an edge chromatic phenomenon is suppressed by shortening the time which displays a monochrome image continuously. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of operation | movement of the video display apparatus to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

  10 composite prism, 11R, 11G, 11B video display light valve, 12R, 12G, 12B light emitting diode, 13R, 13G, 13B relay lens, 14R, 14G, 14B field lens, 15 projection lens

Claims (6)

Spatially modulating means for spatially modulating the irradiated light according to the information of the video to be displayed to form an image;
A light source using a light emitting diode that emits light irradiated to the spatial modulation means;
A projection optical system that projects the light modulated by the spatial modulation means;
And a light beam shape setting means for making a cross-sectional shape of the light beam emitted from the light source and applied to the spatial modulation means a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation means. Video display device.   2. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light beam shape setting means is realized by a light emitting portion of the light source formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation means.   3. A video display device according to claim 2, wherein the shape of the light emitting portion of the light source is the same as or similar to the shape of the image forming area in the spatial modulation means.   The light source has a plurality of light emitting diodes each having a light emitting portion arranged in a plane, and the light beam shape setting means has a cross-sectional shape of a light beam emitted from the light source in an image forming area in the spatial modulation means. The video display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a driving unit that selectively drives the plurality of light emitting diodes so as to have a shape corresponding to the shape.   2. The light beam shape setting unit includes an optical element for changing a cross-sectional shape of a light beam irradiated on the spatial modulation unit according to a shape of an image forming area in the spatial modulation unit. The video display device described.   2. An image according to claim 1, wherein said light beam shape setting means changes a cross-sectional shape of a light beam irradiated to said spatial modulation means in conjunction with a change in shape of an image forming area in said spatial modulation means. Display device.

Images