JP2007056031A - Method for producing indolocarbazole - Google Patents

Method for producing indolocarbazole Download PDF

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JP2007056031A
JP2007056031A JP2006275816A JP2006275816A JP2007056031A JP 2007056031 A JP2007056031 A JP 2007056031A JP 2006275816 A JP2006275816 A JP 2006275816A JP 2006275816 A JP2006275816 A JP 2006275816A JP 2007056031 A JP2007056031 A JP 2007056031A
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indolocarbazole
compound
formula
synthesis
producing
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JP4558697B2 (en
Inventor
Toru Fukuyama
透 福山
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing indolocarbazole. <P>SOLUTION: The production method comprises the conversion of a compound expressed by formula into a sugar ketone compound to synthesize indolocarbazole(+)-K252a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

この出願の発明は、インドロカルバゾールの製造方法に関するものである。さらに詳し
くは、この出願の発明は、生理活性を有するアルカロイドの合成法として有用な、温和な
条件で再現性良く、効率的にインドロカルバゾールを製造することのできる新しい方法に
関するものである。
The invention of this application relates to a method for producing indolocarbazole. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to a new method that is useful as a method for synthesizing alkaloids having physiological activity and that can efficiently produce indolocarbazole under mild conditions with good reproducibility.

次式(1)   The following formula (1)

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

で表わされる化合物K252aはインドロカルバゾール骨格を有するアルカロイドとして
、次式(2)
Compound K252a represented by the following formula (2) is an alkaloid having an indolocarbazole skeleton:

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

で表わされるstaurosporine とともに強力なプロテインキナーゼC阻害活性を有すること
が知られている。
It is known to have potent protein kinase C inhibitory activity together with staurosporine represented by

たとえばこれら物質にみられるように、アルカロイド等としてインドロカルバゾール骨
格を有する化合物がその生理活性の点からも注目されているが、その合成は必ずしも容易
でないのが実情である。
For example, as seen in these substances, a compound having an indolocarbazole skeleton as an alkaloid or the like is attracting attention from the viewpoint of its physiological activity, but its synthesis is not always easy.

たとえば前記のK252a(1)は、アグリコン部の2つのインドール窒素原子が糖部
分と環状のグリコシドを形成していることから、それらのグリコシル結合の生成における
、アグリコン部のラクタムと糖部分の位置異性の制御が合成上の最大の問題となっている
。実際、Woodらや、Danishefskyらによりそれぞれ(1)、(2)の全合成が達成された
が、いずれもこの問題の克服には至っていない。
For example, in K252a (1) above, since the two indole nitrogen atoms of the aglycon part form a cyclic glycoside with the sugar moiety, the positional isomerism of the aglycon part lactam and the sugar part in the formation of their glycosyl bonds Control is the biggest problem in synthesis. In fact, the total synthesis of (1) and (2) was achieved by Wood et al. And Danishefsky et al., Respectively, but none of them has overcome this problem.

位置異性体の副生を伴うことなくK252aを合成するには、2つのグリコシル結合を
段階的かつ位置選択的に形成させる必要がある。
To synthesize K252a without regioisomeric by-products, it is necessary to form two glycosyl bonds stepwise and regioselectively.

そこで問題となるのが、このような位置選択性を実現するために、いかにしてインドロ
カルバゾール骨格を構築するのかの点である。
The problem is how to construct an indolocarbazole skeleton in order to realize such regioselectivity.

この出願の発明者によっても様々なアプローチとして検討されてきたが、より温和な条
件でしかも高い合成選択性として効率的にインドロカルバゾール骨格を構築することには
成功していなかった。そして、このインドロカルバゾール骨格の構築法の検討においては
、前記K252a(1)に限られることなしに、より広範な化合物の合成に適用可能とさ
れる一般法を確立することが大きな命題であった。
The inventors of this application have also studied various approaches, but have not succeeded in efficiently constructing an indolocarbazole skeleton under milder conditions and with high synthesis selectivity. In the study of the construction method of this indolocarbazole skeleton, it is not limited to K252a (1), but it is a major proposition to establish a general method that can be applied to the synthesis of a wider range of compounds. It was.

この出願の発明は、以上のとおりの背景を踏まえてなされたものであり、アルカロイド
等のインドロカルバゾール骨格を有する化合物のできるだけ簡便で、かつ効率のよい合成
方法として、インドロカルバゾール骨格の新しい構築法による製造方法を提供することを
課題としている。
The invention of this application was made on the basis of the background as described above, and a new construction of an indolocarbazole skeleton as a simple and efficient method for synthesizing a compound having an indolocarbazole skeleton such as an alkaloid as much as possible. It is an object to provide a manufacturing method by the law.

この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するものとして、
次式
The invention of this application is intended to solve the above problems.
Next formula

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

で表わされる化合物を次式 A compound represented by the following formula:

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

で表わされる糖ケトン化合物に変換し、次いで、次式 Is converted to a sugar ketone compound represented by

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

で表わされるインドロカルバゾール(+)−K252aを合成することを特徴とするイン
ドロカルバゾールの製造方法を提供する。
Indolocarbazole (+)-K252a represented by the formula is synthesized.

この出願の発明によって、温和な条件で、再現性良く、効率的にインドロカルバゾール骨格の構築が可能とされる。   According to the invention of this application, it is possible to efficiently construct an indolocarbazole skeleton under mild conditions with good reproducibility.

この発明の方法は、一般的方法として広く応用可能とされるばかりか、効率的なインド
ロカルバゾール(+)−K252aの全合成が実現される。
The method of the present invention can be widely applied as a general method, and an efficient total synthesis of indolocarbazole (+)-K252a is realized.

この出願の発明は、以上のとおりの特徴を有するものであるが以下にその実施の形態に
ついて説明する。
The invention of this application has the features as described above, and the embodiments thereof will be described below.

この出願の発明の製造方法においては、下記の合成例1に従って、次式   In the production method of the invention of this application, according to Synthesis Example 1 below,

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

(式中のMOMはメトキシメチル基を示す。)
で表わされる
2−ブロモインドール化合物のトリプタミンとの縮合によるアミド化合物の合成と、これに続いての、アシルインドールへの酸化反応、窒素原子のアセチル化、閉環脱水反応、光反応(閉環)、脱HBr反応の反応工程を経て、次式
(In the formula, MOM represents a methoxymethyl group.)
Synthesis of an amide compound by condensation of 2-bromoindole compound with tryptamine represented by the following, followed by oxidation reaction to acylindole, acetylation of nitrogen atom, ring closure dehydration reaction, photoreaction (ring closure), desorption After the reaction process of the HBr reaction,

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

(式中のMOMは前記のものを、Acはアセチル基を示す。)
で表わされる化合物を合成するという、インドロカルバゾール骨格の構築法を利用して、さらに下記の合成例2のようにして実施することができる。
(合成例1)
次の反応式に従って、インドロカルバゾール(19)化合物を合成した。
(In the formula, MOM represents the above, and Ac represents an acetyl group.)
Can be carried out as in Synthesis Example 2 below using a method for constructing an indolocarbazole skeleton in which a compound represented by
(Synthesis Example 1)
Indolocarbazole (19) compound was synthesized according to the following reaction formula.

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

すなわち、インドール酢酸から容易に誘導可能な2−ブロモインドール(15)とトリ
プタミンとの縮合によりアミド(16)を得た。このアミド(16)のDDQによるアル
キルインドールからアシルインドールへの酸化(J.Org.Chem 1977.42,1213)は位置選
択的に進行し、続いてインドールとアミドの窒素原子のアセチル化により活性化された中
間体(17)を得た。モレキュラーシーブスと触媒量のDBUで閉環脱水反応が容易に進
行しビスインドール(18)を得た。閉環反応は可視光(自然太陽光またはハロゲンラン
プ)による光反応とそれに続く脱HBr反応でほぼ定量的に進行しインドロカルバソール
(19)を得た。これは光反応により同旋的に閉環し、水素原子と臭素原子がantiperipl
anarの位置関係になるために臭化水素の脱離による芳香環化反応が容易に進行するためで
ある。こうして、3−インドール酢酸を原料として8段階でインドロカルバゾール(19
)が合成でき、穏やかな条件で効率的なインドロカルバゾール骨格の構築法を開発するこ
とができた。
(合成例2)
合成例1の方法を利用して、K252aを次の反応式に従って合成した。
That is, amide (16) was obtained by condensation of 2-bromoindole (15) and tryptamine which can be easily derived from indoleacetic acid. The oxidation of this indole (16) from alkyl indole to acyl indole by DDQ (J. Org. Chem 1977.42,1213) proceeds regioselectively and is subsequently activated by acetylation of the indole and amide nitrogen atoms. Intermediate (17) was obtained. The ring closure dehydration reaction proceeded easily with molecular sieves and a catalytic amount of DBU to obtain bisindole (18). The ring closure reaction proceeded almost quantitatively by a photoreaction with visible light (natural sunlight or a halogen lamp) followed by a de-HBr reaction to obtain indolocarbasol (19). This ring is closed by the photoreaction and the hydrogen and bromine atoms are antiperipl.
This is because the aromatic cyclization reaction easily proceeds by elimination of hydrogen bromide due to the positional relationship of anar. Thus, indolocarbazole (19
) Could be synthesized and an efficient method for constructing an indolocarbazole skeleton under mild conditions could be developed.
(Synthesis Example 2)
Using the method of Synthesis Example 1, K252a was synthesized according to the following reaction formula.

Figure 2007056031
Figure 2007056031

2−ブロモインドール酢酸アリルエステルとリボシルクロリド(11)とのグリコシル
化反応は立体選択的に進行(収率97%)し化合物(20)が得られた。この化合物(2
0)から合成例1のインドロカルバゾール骨格構築法を利用することで、収率46%で、
位置異性をコントロールした合成のための重要鍵中間体であるインドロカルバゾール(2
1)がアノマー位の異性化を伴うことなく得られた。これを一級アルコールの選択的ヨウ
素化を経て、フェニルセレニドへと変換した後、MCPBAによる酸化後のセレノキシド
脱離によりエノールエーテル(22)とした。第二の鍵反応である環状グリコシル化反応
について種々検討したこところ、ヨウ化カリウム−ヨウ素を用いる方法が最も良い収率で
化合物(23)を与えた。続いて脱ヨウ素化を行い、脱アセチル化および酸化によりケト
ン(24)を得た。
The glycosylation reaction between 2-bromoindoleacetic acid allyl ester and ribosyl chloride (11) proceeded stereoselectively (yield 97%) to obtain compound (20). This compound (2
0) from the indolocarbazole skeleton construction method of Synthesis Example 1 to yield 46%,
Indolocarbazole (2), an important key intermediate for synthesis with controlled regioisomerism
1) was obtained without isomerization at the anomeric position. This was converted into phenyl selenide through selective iodination of primary alcohol, and then enol ether (22) was eliminated by selenoxide elimination after oxidation with MCPBA. As a result of various studies on the second key reaction, cyclic glycosylation, the method using potassium iodide-iodine gave compound (23) in the best yield. Subsequently, deiodination was performed, and ketone (24) was obtained by deacetylation and oxidation.

最後に、糖部分のケトンに対して立体選択的に一炭素ユニットを導入した。ケトン体(
24)の青酸−ピリジンによるシアノヒドリン形成は完全に立体選択的に起こり、化合物
(25)を得た。塩酸−ギ酸によりニトリルをアミドとしたのちアルカリ加水分解、カル
ボン酸をジアゾメタンでメチルエステルとして(+)−K252aを得た。このものは、
天然の(+)−K252aと各種スペクトルデータが完全に一致した。こうして、インド
ロカルバゾール骨格を介しての環状グリコシド構造の立体化学と上部ラクタムとの位置異
性を完全に制御した(+)−K252aの全合成を完了した。
Finally, a single carbon unit was introduced stereoselectively with respect to the ketone of the sugar moiety. Ketone body (
The formation of cyanohydrin by 24) cyanuric acid-pyridine occurred completely stereoselectively to obtain compound (25). (+)-K252a was obtained by converting the nitrile into an amide with hydrochloric acid-formic acid, followed by alkaline hydrolysis, and carboxylic acid as a methyl ester with diazomethane. This thing is
Natural (+)-K252a and various spectrum data were completely in agreement. Thus, the total synthesis of (+)-K252a was completed, in which the stereochemistry of the cyclic glycoside structure via the indolocarbazole skeleton and the positional isomerism of the upper lactam were completely controlled.

Claims (1)

次式
Figure 2007056031
で表わされる化合物を次式
Figure 2007056031
で表わされる糖ケトン化合物に変換し、次いで、次式
Figure 2007056031
で表わされるインドロカルバゾール(+)−K252aを合成することを特徴とするイン
ドロカルバゾールの製造方法。
Next formula
Figure 2007056031
A compound represented by the following formula:
Figure 2007056031
Is converted to a sugar ketone compound represented by
Figure 2007056031
A method for producing indolocarbazole, comprising synthesizing indolocarbazole (+)-K252a represented by the formula:
JP2006275816A 2006-10-06 2006-10-06 Method for producing indolocarbazole Expired - Fee Related JP4558697B2 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007081A2 (en) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Yale University Glycosylated indolocarbazole synthesis

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007081A2 (en) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Yale University Glycosylated indolocarbazole synthesis

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JPN4007002960, Jorg BRUNING, "The First Regioselective Synthesis of a Monosubstituted Staurosporine Precursor", SYNTHESIS, 199401, No.1, p.25−27 *
JPN6010018363, KOBAYASHI,Y. et al, "Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (+)−K252a", Journal of the American Chemical Society, 19990625, Vol.121, No.27, p.6501−6502 *
JPN6010018364, WOOD,J.L. et al, "Design and Implementation of an Efficient Synthetic Approach to Furanosylated Indolocarbazoles: Tota", Journal of the American Chemical Society, 19971015, Vol.119, No.41, p.9641−9651 *
JPN6010038176, 小林義久など, "インドロカルバゾール(+)−K252aの合成研究", 第28回複素環化学討論会講演要旨集, 19970915, p.30−33, 東野 武郎 *
JPN7010001029, 小林 義久など, "インドロカルバゾール(+)−K252aの合成研究", 第40回天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集, 19980831, 第253〜258頁, 坂井 克己 *

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