JP2007025890A - Three-dimensional image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To display accessory information easy to read on the screen of a perspectively projected three-dimensional image. <P>SOLUTION: This device comprises a numerical data storage part storing numerical data in which each coordinate on a three-dimensional space for arranging a three-dimensional object is related to a scale in the real world; a scale object generating operation part designating a coordinate on the space; a numerical correlation information generation part generating numerical correlation information showing a scale in the real world to be expressed from the numerical data of the numerical data storage part; a scale object generation part generating a scale object visualizing the numerical correlation information on a coordinate position on the three-dimensional space related to the designated coordinate; and a three-dimensional drawing part drawing and displaying the three-dimensional object and the scale object within the same three-dimensional space on a display. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image display device that facilitates recognition of supplementary information on a screen on which three-dimensional graphics are displayed by perspective projection.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a three-dimensional image display device that constructs and displays a three-dimensional image based on a scale by extending the concept of a two-dimensional map (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In general, in a two-dimensional map, the size is expressed using a scale such as 1 / 5,000, 1/50000, and a so-called ruled figure that represents a unit distance in a part of the map. In many cases, the size can be grasped by displaying. In the case of Patent Document 1, the entire scale is continuously operated by a slide bar displayed on the screen, and the current scale can be visually read.

  In 3D CAD, when performing 3D drawing, parallel projection is performed on the display surface so that the size of the object projected on the XY plane is on the Z axis, which is the line-of-sight direction. The size of the 3D object on the screen is accurately grasped using a characteristic that does not depend on the value of. However, when parallel projection is performed, the image that is normally viewed is distorted and is not suitable for purposes other than design. In many cases, perspective projection is used as a projection method.

JP 2000-10893 A

  The conventional three-dimensional image display apparatus is configured as described above. Particularly, when perspective projection is used as a projection method, an object of the same size can be projected after being projected depending on the coordinate position in space. The size is different. In addition, when controlling the display of a three-dimensional image using a scale, it is difficult to grasp how much the scale is other than the specific coordinates, for example, 1 / 5,000. That is, it is difficult to grasp the size, distance, and accurate direction at any place on the screen. Also, there may be a method of recognizing the size at the target location from the size of the unit mesh by displaying the mesh, but the texture display of the surface of the 3D object can not be performed, or on the texture In some cases, it is difficult to see the display even when it is displayed in a superimposed manner.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional image display device that displays supplementary information that can be easily read on the screen of a perspective-projected three-dimensional image. And

  A three-dimensional image display apparatus according to the present invention includes a three-dimensional shape data storage unit that stores three-dimensional object data for forming a three-dimensional object, and coordinates and expressions on a three-dimensional space in which the three-dimensional object is arranged. A numerical data storage unit that stores numerical data in association with a scale in the real world to be attempted, a scale object generation operation unit that specifies coordinates in the space where the three-dimensional object is drawn, and a specified space A numerical correlation information generation unit that generates numerical correlation information representing a scale in the real world to be expressed from numerical data in the numerical data storage unit based on the coordinates of the numerical data, and a three-dimensional space related to the specified coordinates A scale object generator for generating a scale object for visualizing the generated numerical correlation information at the coordinate position, and a three-dimensional shape data A 3D drawing unit that generates a 3D object based on the 3D object data in the data storage unit, draws the 3D object and the generated scale object in the same 3D space, and displays them on the display. It is a thing.

  According to the present invention, the numerical information representing the scale used in the real world in relation to the coordinates of the three-dimensional object to be drawn is generated and made into a scale object to be visualized, which is arranged in the same space as the three-dimensional object. Since the three-dimensional drawing is performed, the scale object is displayed as supplementary information of the three-dimensional object in accordance with the size, distance, and accurate direction, so that it can be easily read. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to devices such as computers, televisions, information appliances, and car navigation systems having a three-dimensional graphics function, it is possible to configure a user interface that provides convenience for reading the displayed supplementary information. .

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a three-dimensional display device common to the embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, a three-dimensional display device includes a three-dimensional shape data storage unit 1, a numerical data storage unit 2, a numerical correlation information generation unit 3, a scale object generation unit 4, a scale object generation operation unit 5, a three-dimensional drawing unit 6, and a display. 7 is provided.
The three-dimensional shape data storage unit 1 includes geometric data such as coordinate values and elevation data of the vertices of each polygon in three-dimensional space, texture data to be pasted on the surface of the polygon, images and vector data superimposed on the texture data, and character information For example, three-dimensional object data that is generally used is stored in advance. In the following embodiments, a three-dimensionally drawn map is used as the three-dimensional object. The numerical data storage unit 2 is a numerical data that associates coordinates in the three-dimensional space and scales in the real world to be expressed, which exist for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional object before projection is arranged. Is stored in advance. As the numerical data, for example, the coordinates themselves in the three-dimensional space in the first embodiment, the movement conditions for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space in the second embodiment, and the coordinates in the three-dimensional space in the third embodiment. Each transportation fee calculation condition is used.

  The scale object generation operation unit 5 is a means for the user to specify coordinates in the space where the three-dimensional object is drawn. The numerical correlation information generation unit 3 represents a real-world scale to be expressed from the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2 based on the coordinates in the three-dimensional space designated by the scale object generation operation unit 5. The numerical correlation information to be expressed is calculated. For example, in the case of the first embodiment, the numerical correlation information is a unit distance that represents the scale of the distance at the coordinate point, and in the case of the second embodiment, the unit time represents the scale of the movement time from another point at the coordinate point. Further, in the case of the third embodiment, the unit charge represents a scale of traffic charge from other points at the coordinate points.

  The scale object generation unit 4 generates a scale object that visualizes the generated numerical correlation information at the coordinate position in the three-dimensional space related to the designated coordinates. The three-dimensional drawing unit 6 generates a three-dimensional object from the three-dimensional object data in the three-dimensional shape data storage unit 1, draws the three-dimensional object and the generated scale object in the same three-dimensional space, and displays the display 7. Displayed as a two-dimensional image.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a scale object generation method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The three-dimensional object 100 drawn on the screen is a two-dimensional image on the display drawn by the three-dimensional drawing unit 6 using the three-dimensional object data held in the three-dimensional shape data storage unit 1. The spherical scale objects 101 to 103 are three-dimensional scale objects formed at three coordinates on the space where the three-dimensional object 100 is drawn. The three coordinates are designated points designated by the scale object generation operation unit 5.

  In the case of the first embodiment, the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2 are the coordinates in the three-dimensional space. When the coordinate on the space where the three-dimensional object 100 is drawn is specified by the scale object generation operation unit 5, the numerical correlation information generation unit 3 displays numerical data corresponding to each specified coordinate (specified point) as a numerical value. A unit distance that is read from the data storage unit 2 and represents a scale of the distance between two points in the real world at each designated point is generated as numerical correlation information. Then, in the scale object generation unit 4, based on each obtained unit distance, for example, three-dimensional scale objects 101 to 103 representing a scale corresponding to each unit distance from spherical three-dimensional object data stored in advance. Is generated at the position of the specified point. The three-dimensional scale objects 101 to 103 each have a unit distance (for example, a unit such as 1 km, 5 km, and 10 km) at each designated point.

  In FIG. 2, three designated points (for example, the centers of the spheres) are arranged on each straight line from the viewpoint position on the perspective view toward the line of sight. The spherical scale object 103 is displayed smaller because it is farther from the viewpoint position than the spherical scale object 101. Operations such as movement and rotation after the scale objects arranged on the straight line are displayed can be performed by the scale object generation operation unit 5 by a general method. The unit distance of the displayed scale object may be changed continuously or discretely. Of course, one scale object may be moved to an arbitrary position.

  On the other hand, the cubic scale objects 104 to 106 are objects generated in the same manner as the spherical scale objects 101 to 103 by designating the other three coordinates (designated points). The cube-shaped scale objects 104 to 106 extend from the designated points in the coordinate axes X, Y, and Z directions orthogonal to each other in the three-dimensional space, and represent unit distances at the designated points.

The attributes of the scale objects 101 to 103 and 104 to 106 may be translucent or opaque. In the case of semi-transparency, the scale object may be moved and displayed so as to be superimposed on the three-dimensional object 100, and an accurate distance and size can be read.
In this example, the scale object generates a polygonal object such that the object surface exists at a unit distance from the specified point. On the other hand, as an example of another scale object, when a plurality of distances are represented like a ruler such as 1 km, 2 km, and 3 km, each scale object has a different color that is translucent and spatially overlapped. Or you may make it display with the three-dimensional object 100 in the state arranged.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, as the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2, the coordinate position in the three-dimensional space is used, and the numerical correlation information generation unit 3 uses the scale object generation operation unit. The unit distance corresponding to the coordinate position in the three-dimensional space specified in 5 is generated as numerical correlation information, and the scale object generation unit 4 is specified by the scale object generation operation unit 5 based on the generated unit distance. Since the scale object representing the unit distance to be placed at the coordinate position is generated, the incidental information of the three-dimensional object can be displayed according to the size, distance, and accurate direction, so it can be easily read from the display. It becomes possible.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a scale object generation method according to Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the second embodiment, by designating coordinates with the scale object generation operation unit 5, a range in which the estimated movement time from the designated point falls within a certain time when viewed in the real world (for example, unit time) A method of expressing the estimated reachable range in the case of 1 hour with a scale object will be described.
Here, the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2 includes information that gives a movement condition such as a movement speed for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space in which the three-dimensional object 100 is arranged. When the terrain is displayed like the three-dimensional object 100 of FIG. 3, the movement speed calculated in advance from the inclination of the ground, the attributes of the ground (for example, a highway, a forest road) and the movement direction is stored as numerical data.

  For example, in the case of a map display, numerical data is meaningful only at coordinate points on the surface of the three-dimensional object 100. There is no need to store numerical data of non-movable coordinate points. Therefore, the scale object generation operation unit 5 can move the designated point only on the surface of the three-dimensional object 100. Of course, if the designated point can be moved outside the surface of the three-dimensional object 100, the coordinate point may be included. The numerical correlation information generation unit 3 calculates a predicted movement time from the designated point to each coordinate position on the surface of the three-dimensional object 100 based on these numerical data existing for each coordinate, that is, information that gives a movement condition, A time in the real world (for example, 1 hour or 2 hours) in which the predicted movement time falls is generated as numerical correlation information. When there are a plurality of routes between the designated point and the coordinate point that is the calculation destination, the smallest one of the predicted movement integration values for each of the plurality of routes is obtained.

The scale object generation unit 4 generates a scale object 201 that represents the generated unit time, and this scale object is arranged at a coordinate position corresponding to the predicted movement time that falls within the unit time. The three-dimensional drawing unit 6 draws a scale object 201 representing a unit time together with the three-dimensional object 100 representing a map and displays the scale object 201 on the display 7. The scale object 201 displays a set of coordinate points of unit time (for example, a point that takes one hour for movement) where the predicted movement time is stored as a plane. That is, a scale object is generated that represents a place that can be moved from a designated point at regular intervals.
As a display method of the scale object 201, when a plurality of unit times are specified such as 1 hour and 2 hours, for example, the color gradually changes from yellow to blue (1 hour) and further to red (2 hours). As shown, it may be expressed by a continuous change in color (gradation). In addition, the scale object 201 may be expressed by an object having a thickness in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the three-dimensional object 100 to improve visibility.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, as the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2, information that gives a moving condition for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional object is arranged is used. The numerical correlation information generation unit 3 calculates a predicted movement time from the coordinate specified by the scale object generation operation unit 5 to each coordinate position in the three-dimensional space based on the information that gives the movement condition, and the calculated movement A unit time in which the predicted time is stored is generated as numerical correlation information, and the scale object generating unit 4 generates a scale object representing the unit time to be arranged at the coordinate position corresponding to the predicted movement time stored in the generated unit time. Therefore, the unit time of the predicted movement time can be displayed as incidental information of the 3D object according to the size, distance, and accurate direction. Because, it is possible to easily recognize the generally moving prediction time from the display.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the third embodiment, by specifying coordinates with the scale object generation operation unit 5, the transportation fee converted based on the distance from the specified point when viewed in the real world is within a certain unit fee. A method of expressing the range (for example, the estimated reach when the unit fee is 1000 yen) with a scale object will be described.
Here, the numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2 includes information that gives a transportation fee calculation condition such as a distance associated with each coordinate in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional object is arranged. In this case, the numerical correlation information generation unit 3 calculates the distance from the designated point to each coordinate position in the three-dimensional space based on the information that gives the transportation fee calculation condition, and calculates the fee for the movement of the distance. Calculated as numerical correlation information. A predicted distance from the designated point to each coordinate position on the surface of the three-dimensional object 100 is calculated, and a unit charge of a transportation fee corresponding to the predicted distance is obtained. Note that the calculation of the predicted movement distance may be a detailed calculation or a linear distance.

  The scale object generation unit 4 generates a scale object representing a unit fee to be arranged at a coordinate position at a distance corresponding to the unit fee of the calculated transportation fee. The three-dimensional drawing unit 6 draws this scale object together with the three-dimensional object 100 and displays it on the display 7 like the scale object 201 of FIG. In this case, the scale object 201 displays a set of coordinate points (for example, points where the unit fee is 1000 yen) within the predicted movement distance as a unit fee surface. Similarly to the predicted movement time, the user can specify the starting point position, and then display how much the user can reach with a charge.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment, as numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit 2, information that gives conditions for calculating a transportation fee for each coordinate in a three-dimensional space in which a three-dimensional object is arranged In the numerical correlation information generation unit 3, the distance from the coordinate position specified by the scale object generation operation unit 5 to each coordinate in the three-dimensional space is calculated based on the information that gives the transportation fee calculation condition. A unit fee of the transportation fee corresponding to the calculated distance is generated as numerical correlation information, and the scale object generating unit 4 arranges at a coordinate position at a distance corresponding to the unit fee of the generated transportation fee Since the scale object representing the fee is generated, the unit fee of the transportation fee is added as the incidental information of the three-dimensional object, the size, distance, Because that can be displayed in accordance with the precise direction, it is possible to easily recognize the generally transportation fee, such as a taxi from the display.

  In each of the above implementations, when the map is displayed as a three-dimensional object, it has been described that the numerical correlation information such as distance, time, and fee related to the map is obtained and drawn as a scale object. Not only a map but also other three-dimensional objects. Also, the numerical correlation information is not limited to distance, time, fee, etc., as long as it represents a scale object as supplementary information related to the target three-dimensional object. Furthermore, the scale object may have a shape other than that shown in the above embodiment.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the three-dimensional image display apparatus by each embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the production | generation method of the scale object which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the production | generation method of the scale object which concerns on Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 three-dimensional shape data storage unit, 2 numerical data storage unit, 3 numerical correlation information generation unit, 4 scale object generation unit, 5 scale object generation operation unit, 6 3D drawing unit, 7 display.

Claims (5)

A three-dimensional shape data storage unit for storing three-dimensional object data for forming a three-dimensional object;
A numerical data storage unit that stores numerical data that associates each coordinate on the three-dimensional space in which the three-dimensional object is arranged with a scale on the real world to be expressed;
A scale object generation operation unit that specifies coordinates on a space where the three-dimensional object is drawn;
A numerical correlation information generating unit that generates numerical correlation information representing a scale in the real world to be expressed from the numerical data in the numerical data storage unit, based on coordinates in a designated space;
A scale object generating unit that generates a scale object for visualizing the generated numerical correlation information at a coordinate position on a three-dimensional space related to the designated coordinates;
A three-dimensional object that generates a three-dimensional object based on the three-dimensional object data in the three-dimensional shape data storage unit, draws the three-dimensional object and the generated scale object in the same three-dimensional space, and displays them on the display A three-dimensional image display device comprising a drawing unit. Let a 3D object be a 3D map,
Numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit is a coordinate position in a three-dimensional space,
The numerical correlation information generation unit generates a unit distance corresponding to the coordinate position in the three-dimensional space designated by the scale object generation operation unit as the numerical correlation information,
The three-dimensional object according to claim 1, wherein the scale object generation unit generates a scale object representing a unit distance to be arranged at a coordinate position specified by the scale object generation operation unit based on the generated unit distance. Image display device. Let a 3D object be a 3D map,
Numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit is information that gives a moving condition for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional object is arranged,
The numerical correlation information generation unit calculates a movement prediction time from the coordinate specified by the scale object generation operation unit to each coordinate position in the three-dimensional space based on the information that gives the movement condition, and calculates the calculated movement prediction Generate unit time in which time is stored as numerical correlation information,
The three-dimensional image display device according to claim 1, wherein the scale object generation unit generates a scale object representing a unit time to be arranged at a coordinate position corresponding to a predicted movement time included in the generated unit time. Let a 3D object be a 3D map,
The numerical data stored in the numerical data storage unit is information that gives conditions for calculating transportation charges for each coordinate in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional object is placed,
The numerical correlation information generation unit calculates the distance from the coordinate position specified by the scale object generation operation unit to each coordinate in the three-dimensional space based on the information that gives the transportation fee calculation condition, and calculates the calculated distance. Generate unit charges for the corresponding transportation charges as numerical correlation information,
2. The three-dimensional image display device according to claim 1, wherein the scale object generating unit generates a scale object representing a unit fee to be arranged at a coordinate position at a distance corresponding to the unit fee of the generated transportation fee. . 2. The three-dimensional image display device according to claim 1, wherein the scale object is made translucent and displayed so as to be superimposed on the three-dimensional object.

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