JP2007016918A - Impact absorbing plate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impact absorbing plate capable exercising a more effective impact absorbing effect against large swinging, not only in the horizontal direction, but also in the vertical direction. <P>SOLUTION: The impact absorbing plate is a highly elastic twisted plate 20 having two twist faces 2, 3 twisted to cross at an angle of 90 degrees, and provided with a fixing part 5 to a support plate in each twisted face end rim 4, and it is composed by providing at least one wave 7a or 7b in a middle part of the twisted faces 2, 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact absorbing plate suitable for a seismic isolation device for a building such as a house or a building.

  Seismic isolation devices that reduce the shaking of the earthquake are those that use laminated rubber on the base of the building, those that use springs, those that are sandwiched between a ball and an ellipse, and two or four highly elastic twist plates Various methods such as a combination of sheets (Patent Document 1) have been proposed.

  The seismic isolation device using laminated material of rubber and iron (metal) (referred to as “laminated rubber method” in this specification) gradually increases the energy while exhibiting a certain resistance value against earthquake vibration. Since it is designed to absorb and approach 0 in the range of the maximum movement value (for example, 70 mm), it is said that it exhibits a relatively large effect against lateral roll (swing in the horizontal direction) below the design value. It is already in practical use. However, for large rolls exceeding the designed maximum movement value, the seismic isolation effect can no longer be obtained because of the centrifugal force, and vertical rolls (swing in the vertical direction) that occur in direct earthquakes ) Has the disadvantage that it cannot exert a sufficient seismic isolation effect structurally. Another problem is that rubber has low durability.

  However, in general, among the vibrations of seismic vibration, the vertical vibration causes the total load of the building to be applied to the foundation (foundation), so that the vertical impact force received by the foundation increases as the size of the building increases. Especially for heavy buildings such as high-rise buildings, it is considered that laminated rubber type seismic isolation devices that have already been put to practical use exhibit little seismic isolation effect.

  In general, rubber has a large deformation rate compared to metal, so the absorption rate of energy is small, and it is said that the effect is small for seismic isolation devices that require “energy decay”. On the other hand, steel, like springs, has the characteristic of absorbing energy over a long period of time by rebounding repeatedly, so when applied to buildings, repeated shaking causes metal fatigue and the risk of collapse. It has been pointed out.

  By the way, in recent years, steel materials have made great progress, and nanocrystalline material alloys using nanotechnology (ultrafine technology) have been developed. Among them, zinc-aluminum alloys (Zn-Al alloys) are plastically deformed. Occasionally, there is little work hardening and distortion degradation, large ductility, and because it does not contain Pb, it has the feature of being environmentally friendly. ”Is being studied (Non-patent Document 1).

JP2002-242974 R & D Kobe Steel Engineering Reports / Vo1. 51 No. 1 (Apr.2001), “Development of room-temperature high-speed superplasticity and development of vibration control devices”, Koichi Sakurai and 5 other authors P.34-37

  Under the background as described above, the inventor of the present invention first invented an impact absorbing plate using two twist surfaces twisted so as to cross at an angle of 90 degrees, and has filed a patent application for this. (Patent Document 1 listed above), this shock absorbing plate exhibited an excellent shock absorbing effect against the shaking of the earthquake in the horizontal direction (front and rear and left and right) and the vertical direction (up and down direction).

  However, since the shock absorbing plate of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a force in the torsional direction is always applied to the support plate when the shock absorbing plate expands and contracts in the vertical direction, the absorption efficiency of the vertical shaking is structurally the horizontal direction. Somewhat inferior.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and does not provide a shock absorbing plate that can exhibit a more effective shock absorbing effect not only in the horizontal direction but also in a large vertical swing. It is what.

  The shock absorbing plate according to the present invention has two twist surfaces (2, 3) that are twisted so as to intersect at an angle of 90 degrees, and each twist surface end edge (4) has a fixing portion ( 5) A highly elastic twist plate (20) provided with at least one wave (7a or 7b) at an intermediate portion of the twist surface (2, 3).

  Also, one high elastic twist plate (20) or a set of two to four plates is sandwiched between two upper and lower support plates (6, 6 '), and at this time, the twist surface of each twist plate It is preferable to arrange the twist plates at right angles to each other and fix the twist plates to the upper and lower support plates.

  Thus, by providing at least one wave (7) in the middle part of the upper and lower twist surfaces, it is possible to absorb a large vibration in the vertical direction without applying a torsional force to the support plate. That is, when there is no wave as in the prior art, a torsional force (a force that rotates in a direction that relaxes the twist in the horizontal direction) always acts on the support plate when absorbing vibration in the vertical direction. According to the plate, it is possible to absorb the vibration in the vertical direction without applying the twisting force to the support plate on the wave (7) provided in the intermediate portion.

The impact absorbing plate according to the present invention is preferably made of a highly elastic plate. The high elastic plate is a material that is small in work hardening and strain deterioration during plastic deformation, and for example, ultra mild steel may be used, but an alloy containing zinc and aluminum (Zn / Al alloy, hereinafter referred to as “Zn—Al alloy”). ) Is more preferable. The Zn-Al alloy is an ultra mild steel in that the yield strength is 200 MPa and the tensile strength is 250 MPa at a strain rate range of 10 to 20% / s, and the elongation at that time is 60% or more, that is, the elongation of 100 MPa class or more. This is because it has more excellent characteristics.
Alternatively, a non-metallic member such as carbon graphite may be used.

(First embodiment)
1 (a) to 1 (d) are diagrams showing a manufacturing process of an impact absorbing plate according to the present invention. Fig.1 (a) is the figure which looked at the rectangular highly elastic plate 10 from the front. For this highly elastic plate, it is preferable to use a member having properties such as extremely mild steel or Zn-Al alloy, which has a small work hardening and distortion deterioration during plastic deformation and a large ductility. A hole for stopping the fixing member is formed in advance at both ends.
Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the central portion is twisted so as to intersect at an angle of approximately 90 degrees at the central portion, two twist surfaces 2 and 3 appear. Since the highly elastic plate is easy to expand and contract, even if it is bent and plastically deformed in this way, work hardening and distortion degradation hardly occur.
Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, deformation processing is performed so as to give the first wave 7a to one twist surface 3.
Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the other twist surface 2 is deformed so as to give the second wave 7b, and the twist surface edges 4 at both ends are bent to form the fixing portions 5. The shock absorbing plate 20 according to the present invention is completed. The manufacturing process is an example, and the order may be changed, for example, the fixing portion 5 is formed first.
Further, at least one wave may be provided, and either the first or second wave may be omitted. Since the Zn-Al alloy is difficult to weld, the bolt is exemplified as the fixing means. For example, the twisted surface edge 4 is thickened to cut the thread groove, and the bolt is screwed into the fixing member. Other methods may be used for fixing, such as fixing. Of course, if welding is possible, welding may be used.

  4 (a), 4 (b), and 5 (a) show a unit in which two to four shock absorbing plates 20 shown in FIG. 1 (d) are combined and a common support plate 6, 6 'is attached vertically. The whole perspective view is represented. Although the shock absorbing plate 10 according to the present invention may be used in units of one sheet, it is preferable that a plurality of sheets (about 2 to 4 sheets) be used as one set to constitute one unit. It will be described later which unit is appropriate for which position of the building.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram (principal principle diagram) schematically showing the basic principle of the shock absorbing plate according to the present invention. Shaking in the y direction absorbs energy at the “bend” on the A side shown in the figure, shaking in the x direction absorbs energy at the “bending” on the B side, and shaking in the z direction means that the wave and extra mild steel or It absorbs with the above-mentioned excellent physical properties such as Zn-Al and carbon graphite. Based on this principle, the state of actually absorbing earthquake shaking will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a view for explaining how the shock absorbing plate absorbs the shaking of the earthquake, and shows a state in which the shock absorbing plate is attached to the upper and lower support plates 6, 6 '. Of these, FIG. 3A shows a stationary state. FIG. 3 (b) shows how the shock is absorbed with respect to vertical shaking, and FIG. 3 (c) shows how the shock is absorbed against the more intense horizontal and vertical shaking.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), with respect to vertical shaking, the waves 7a and 7b are deformed by changing the curvature so that almost no torsional force is transmitted to the upper and lower support plates 6 and 6 '. Absorbs shock. In addition, as described above, since this shock absorbing plate is formed of a highly elastic plate, in combination with the excellent characteristics of the material, a large shock can be applied even to severe vertical shaking such as a direct earthquake. Exhibits absorption effect.

  Because earthquakes sway in various directions, they may sway violently in the horizontal (front / back / left / right) and vertical (up / down) directions. FIG.3 (c) has shown a mode that pitch and roll occurred simultaneously. Even in such a case, the twist of the wave and twist plane absorbs the energy of complex vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions.

(Second Embodiment)
As described above, the shock absorbing plate according to the present invention constitutes a unit with one or a plurality of sets as one set, and can be made to function as a seismic isolation device by laying it on the foundation part of a building. As shown in Fig. 2, it can also be used as a pillar that forms the skeleton of a building.

  When the shock absorbing plate according to the present invention is used as a pillar of a wooden two-story building, a one-story one-story part (a part where no room exists on the second floor) and a two-story part (a room on the second floor) Therefore, it is necessary to use a shock-absorbing plate (or a unit in which a plurality of units are combined) having a sufficient and sufficient proof stress in consideration of a load applied to a portion to be used.

Depending on the number of used shock absorbers (1 to 4) and whether it is for one-story building (H) or two-story building (N), it is composed of the following eight types of parts.
1H: 1 sheet used, for single-story building 2H: 2 sheets used, for single-story building 3H ... 3 sheets used, for single-story building 4H ... 4 sheets used, for single-story building 1N: 1 sheet Use, 2 stories, 2N ... 2 pieces, 2 stories, 3N ... 3 pieces, 2 stories, 4N ... 4 pieces, 2 stories

FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the application part of the component.
“2H” and “2N” are applied to a portion that supports two orthogonal walls, and are named “curved corner type”. FIG. 4A shows an example of “2H” or “2N”.
“3H” and “3N” are applied to the portion supporting the three walls, and are named “three-way type”. FIG. 4B shows an example of “3H” or “3N”.
“4H” and “4N” are applied to the portion supporting the four walls, and are named “quadrangle type”. FIG. 5A shows an example of “4H” or “4N”.

  Even if the number of shock absorbing plates used is the same, the two-story shock absorbing plate (N) is thicker than that of the one-story building (H) and has a proof stress difference. Furthermore, if classified further finely, the impact absorbing plate can be divided into two types, “right twist” and “left twist”, depending on the twist direction. Variations will be further expanded depending on which one is used or both are combined. In these cases, an optimal part is appropriately selected according to the load calculation performed at the time of design and other factors.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B are plan views of the second floor portion and the first floor portion of the two-story wooden house, respectively. This example shows that five types of parts 2H, 3H, 2N, 3N, and 4N are used.

  That is, the north side of the first floor (entrance / hall / washing / bathroom) has a roof just above it, and there is no room on the second floor. Therefore, a one-story building (H) is used as a part. That is, the “one-story curved corner type (2H)” and the “one-story built three-way type (3H)” are used.

  On the south side of the 1st floor (Japanese 8cm, living room, etc.), there are rooms on this 2nd floor (3 rooms for Western 6). Therefore, the two-story building (N) is used as a part. That is, the “two-story curved corner type (2N)”, “two-story three-way type (3N)”, and “two-story square type (4N)” are used.

  In this way, by preparing several types of parts in advance and arranging necessary and sufficient proof strength in the right place, it is possible to reduce shaking against an earthquake.

  In addition, although the case where it applied to the wooden house was illustrated in 2nd Embodiment, since the shock-absorbing board which concerns on this invention is based on the seismic isolation principle using the cross section becoming a cross-shaped. It can also be applied to concrete structures.

According to the shock absorbing plate of the present invention, unlike a conventional large-scale and expensive seismic isolation system, it is possible to construct a seismic isolation system that is simpler and less expensive than the conventional one, and that has a dramatic effect. It becomes possible. In particular, the fact that the maximum seismic isolation effect can be exhibited even when the vibration exceeds the design value is notable because it does not have the disadvantages of the conventional laminated rubber system.
Therefore, the industrial applicability of the present invention is extremely large.

FIGS. 1A to 1D are views showing a manufacturing process of an impact absorbing plate according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the basic principle of the shock absorbing plate according to the present invention. FIGS. 3A to 3C are views for explaining how the shock absorbing plate absorbs shaking of an earthquake. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are perspective views of the whole unit (2H) in which two or three shock absorbing plates 20 shown in FIG. Or 2N and 3H or 3N). FIG. 5A shows an overall perspective view of a unit (4H or 4N) in which four shock absorbing plates 20 shown in FIG. FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the application part of the component. FIGS. 6A and 6B are plan views of the second floor portion and the first floor portion of the two-story wooden house, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

2, 3 Twist surface 4 Twist surface edge 5 Fixed part 6 (6 ') Upper support plate (lower support plate)
7a, 7b Wave 20 Shock absorbing plate 30 according to the present invention 30 Seismic isolation unit

Claims (3)

  A highly elastic twist plate having two twist surfaces (2, 3) that are twisted so as to cross at an angle of 90 degrees, and each twist surface edge (4) is provided with a fixing portion (5) to the support plate (20) The shock absorbing plate according to (20), wherein at least one wave (7a or 7b) is provided on the twist surface (2, 3).   The high-elasticity twist plate (20) is sandwiched between two upper and lower support plates (6, 6 '), with one or two to four as one set. At this time, the twist surfaces of each twist plate are Are arranged so as to be at right angles to each other, and these twist plates are fixed to the upper and lower support plates.   2. The impact absorbing plate according to claim 1, wherein the impact absorbing plate is made of a highly elastic plate that is small in work hardening and distortion deterioration during plastic deformation.

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