JP2006288034A - Transmitter-receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transmitter-receiver that can charge a plurality of receiving-side devices by one transmission-side device. <P>SOLUTION: The transmitter-receiver comprises: a charger 50 having a transmission coil 51 that transmits electromagnetic energy; and an electric automobile 30 having a receiving coil 32 that receives the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the transmission coil 51. The electric automobile 30 comprises a rectifying circuit 33 connected to the receiving coil 32, and the charger 50 comprises an ampere meter 54 that detects an exciting current flowing to the transmission coil 51, and a movement control circuit 58 that detects the variation of a distance between the transmission coil 51 and the receiving coil 32 on the basis of the variation of the exciting current detected by the ampere meter 54. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power transmission / reception device including a power transmission side device having a power transmission coil for transmitting electromagnetic energy and a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil.

  As a conventional power transmission / reception device, the self-propelled vehicle is moved to a position where the primary coil mounted on the self-propelled vehicle and the secondary coil mounted on the electric vehicle parked in the parking lot face each other. There is known one that is charged by electromagnetically coupling a secondary coil (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-215111 (5th page, FIG. 15)

  However, in the conventional power transmission / reception device, since one self-propelled vehicle can charge only one electric vehicle, a plurality of self-propelled vehicles can be charged to charge a plurality of electric vehicles. A running car was necessary. In a power transmission / reception device equipped with a plurality of self-propelled vehicles, it is necessary to prepare a power supply capacity for a plurality of self-propelled vehicles, and a contract capacity with an electric power company also increases. Further, in a power transmission / reception device including a plurality of self-propelled vehicles, power is supplied to the plurality of self-propelled vehicles, so that the original wiring is thick and heavy.

  If the system is configured so that multiple self-propelled vehicles can move around in the parking lot, where the parking area for one car is the parking area and the collection of multiple parking areas is the parking lot, multiple self-propelled vehicles Therefore, a complicated control system is required such as monitoring and controlling all of the above, or a plurality of self-propelled vehicles communicating with each other to cooperate. For simple control while using a plurality of self-propelled vehicles, it is reasonable to place one self-propelled vehicle for each parking section so that each self-propelled vehicle does not exit the parking section. In this case, there are problems that the size and shape of the parking section are determined in advance and cannot be freely changed, and the size of the car that can be handled for each parking section is determined.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is that it provides a power transmission / reception device capable of charging a plurality of power reception side devices with one power transmission side device.

  The power transmission side device of the present invention transmits the electromagnetic energy in the power transmission side device that transmits the electromagnetic energy to the power reception side device having a power reception coil that receives the electromagnetic energy and a load circuit connected to the power reception coil. A change in the distance between the power transmission coil and the power receiving coil is detected based on a change in the excitation current detected by the power transmission coil, the excitation current flowing in the power transmission coil, and the current detection means. And a distance detecting means.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can charge a plurality of power reception side devices with one power transmission side device.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power transmission side device including: a power reception coil that receives electromagnetic energy; and a magnetic field generation unit that generates a magnetic field having a strength corresponding to the electromagnetic energy received by the power reception coil. A power transmission coil for transmitting the electromagnetic energy, a magnetic field strength detection means for detecting the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation means, and the magnetic field strength detection means detected by the magnetic field strength detection means. It has a configuration having distance detection means for detecting a change in the distance between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil based on a change in the strength of the magnetic field.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can charge a plurality of power reception side devices with one power transmission side device.

  Moreover, the power transmission side device of the present invention has a configuration including a moving unit that moves the power transmission side device itself and a movement control unit that controls movement based on a detection result of the distance detection unit.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can automatically transmit electromagnetic energy from the power transmission side device to the power reception side device in an appropriate state.

  In the power transmission side device of the present invention, the power receiving side device has magnetic field interrupting means for interrupting the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means according to predetermined information, and is detected by the magnetic field strength detecting means. The information acquisition means for acquiring the predetermined information based on the intermittentness of the magnetic field, the movement means for moving the power transmission side device itself, and the movement control based on the predetermined information acquired by the information acquisition means And a movement control means.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention moves the power transmission side device based on information from the power reception side device, and therefore can transmit electromagnetic energy from the power transmission side device to the power reception side device in a more appropriate state. .

  The power transmission side device of the present invention further includes an excitation unit that applies an AC voltage to the power transmission coil to excite the power transmission coil, and the excitation unit detects the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil as the distance detection. It has the structure which applies the alternating voltage reduced according to the reduction | decrease of the said distance detected by the means to the said power transmission coil.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can suppress unnecessary electromagnetic energy from being transmitted from the power transmission coil, and therefore can suppress consumption of unnecessary power.

  The power transmission side device of the present invention is an automobile having a battery that stores the electromagnetic energy received by the power reception coil as electric power as a power source, and the power transmission side device itself is a vehicle body of the automobile. Vehicle bottom detection means for detecting that the vehicle has entered the bottom, and excitation means for exciting the power transmission coil by applying an AC voltage to the power transmission coil. The power transmission coil is configured to excite the power transmission coil when it is detected by the vehicle body lower detection means that the vehicle has entered the vehicle body.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can suppress unnecessary electromagnetic energy from being transmitted from the power transmission coil, and therefore can suppress consumption of unnecessary power.

  In addition, the power transmission side device of the present invention has a configuration including a vehicle sensor that detects that the power transmission side device itself is under the vehicle body and a road surface sensor that detects a partition line of a parking section. Yes.

  With this configuration, the power transmission side device of the present invention can transmit power to a plurality of automobiles with one power transmission side device. Note that the method for guiding the power transmission side device from the standby position to the parking section is not limited to the method based on the number of separation lines, and may be various methods. For example, there may be a method that utilizes the fact that a reflectance is different between a portion of the guiding reflector and a portion other than the guiding reflector by placing a guiding reflector on the road surface. There can also be a method of facilitating the search by arranging a magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet) on the road surface and increasing the magnetic force of the magnet at the branch point.

  The power transmission / reception device of the present invention includes a power transmission side device having a power transmission coil for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil, The power receiving side device has a load circuit connected to the power receiving coil, and the power transmission side device detects current exciting means flowing in the power transmitting coil, and the exciting current detected by the current detecting means. And a distance detecting means for detecting a change in the distance between the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil based on the change of the power receiving coil.

  With this configuration, the power transmitting and receiving device of the present invention can charge a plurality of power receiving devices with one power transmitting device.

  The power transmission / reception device of the present invention includes a power transmission side device having a power transmission coil for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil, The power receiving side device has a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field having a strength corresponding to the electromagnetic energy received by the power receiving coil, and the power transmitting side device has the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means. A configuration having magnetic field strength detection means for detecting, and distance detection means for detecting a change in the distance between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil based on a change in the strength of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field strength detection means. Have.

  With this configuration, the power transmitting and receiving device of the present invention can charge a plurality of power receiving devices with one power transmitting device.

  The present invention can provide a power transmission / reception device capable of charging a plurality of power reception side devices with one power transmission side device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, the configuration of the power transmission / reception device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the power transmission / reception device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a parking section 20a of four sections of one row and four columns drawn on a road surface with a dividing line (for example, a white line or a colored line). A parking lot 20, a plurality of electric vehicles 30 parked in the parking section 20a, a charging device 50 for charging the electric vehicle 30 parked in the parking section 20a, and power to the charging device 50 And a cable 72 for connecting the charging device 50 to the commercial power supply 71.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the electric vehicle 30 is output from the battery 31 that is a power source, the receiving coil 32 that receives electromagnetic energy sent from the charging device 50 and converts it into electric power, and the receiving coil 32. And a rectifier circuit 33 as a load circuit that rectifies the current and charges the battery 31, and constitutes a power receiving side device.

  In addition, the charging device 50 includes a power transmission coil 51 that transmits high-frequency alternating current as electromagnetic energy, and a charging circuit 52 that serves as an excitation unit that excites the power transmission coil 51 by converting direct current to high-frequency alternating current and applying an alternating voltage to the power transmission coil 51. A rectifier circuit 53 that rectifies alternating current from the commercial power supply 71 and sends it to the charging circuit 52; an ammeter 54 as current detection means for measuring the current flowing through the power transmission coil 51; As a vehicle sensor 55 serving as a vehicle body lowering detection unit that detects that the vehicle has entered the vehicle body, a road surface sensor 56 that detects a dividing line of the parking section 20a (see FIG. 1), and a moving unit that moves the charging device 50 itself. And a movement control circuit 58 for sending a movement control signal for controlling the movement of the charging device 50 itself to the moving unit 57. Constitute a.

  Here, the vehicle sensor 55 is configured by a combination of an ultrasonic speaker and a microphone that uses ultrasonic reflection, a proximity sensor that detects a change in capacitance, and the like.

  The road surface sensor 56 is configured by a combination of a light emitting diode and a phototransistor that utilizes light reflection.

  The moving unit 57 includes a wheel 57a, a motor (not shown) that drives the wheel 57a, and an electronic circuit (not shown) that includes a power transistor that drives the motor.

  The movement control circuit 58 generates a movement control signal based on information detected by the vehicle sensor 55 and information detected by the road surface sensor 56.

As shown in FIG. 5, the self-inductances of the power transmission coil 51 of the charging device 50 and the power reception coil 32 of the electric vehicle 30 are respectively L ₁ and L _2, and the mutual power when the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 are opposed to each other. When the inductance is M and the impedances of the charging circuit 52 of the charging device 50 and the rectifying circuit 33 of the electric vehicle 30 are Z ₁ and Z ₂ , respectively, the impedance Z ₁ is expressed by “Equation 1” (for example, Circuit (1) "by Katsuro Ohno, see ISBN 4-274-13166-1 page 96).

Since the self-inductance L ₁ of the power transmission coil 51, the self-inductance L _{2 of} the power receiving coil 32, and the impedance Z ₂ of the rectifier circuit 33 are constant, the impedance Z ₁ of the charging circuit 52 is transmitted as shown in “Equation 1”. This is a function of the mutual inductance M of the coil 51 and the power receiving coil 32. Here, the mutual inductance M increases as the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 decreases. Therefore, the impedance Z ₁ of the charging circuit 52 includes a power transmission coil 51, the distance becomes as large near between the power receiving coil 32. That is, the change in the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 can be detected based on the change in the AC voltage applied to the power transmission coil 51 and the change in the current flowing in the power transmission coil 51. For example, when the AC voltage applied to the power transmission coil 51 is constant, the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is close when the current flowing through the power transmission coil 51 is small, and is large. It ’s farther away.

  And the movement control circuit 58 is based on the change of the alternating voltage applied to the power transmission coil 51 by the charging circuit 52, and the change of the electric current which flows into the power transmission coil 51 measured by the ammeter 54. A change in the distance to the power receiving coil 32 of the automobile 30 is detected, and constitutes a distance detecting means.

  In addition, the movement control circuit 58 performs movement control so that the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is closest based on the change in the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 detected by the movement control circuit 58 itself. A signal is generated and constitutes a movement control means. Note that the movement control circuit 58 uses a hill-climbing method (for example, “Optimization algorithm” written by Tomoharu Nagao, ISBN4-) as an algorithm for generating a movement control signal so that the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is the shortest. 7856-3112-0.) Is widely used.

  Next, the operation of the power transmission / reception device 10 will be described.

  When the charging device 50 is waiting at a predetermined standby position on the side opposite to the second row side with respect to the first row as shown in FIG. 1A, as shown in FIG. The movement control circuit 58 causes the moving unit 57 to start moving in the direction indicated by the arrow 50a (see FIG. 1) from the first row to the fourth row of the parking section 20a (S81).

  Next, the movement control circuit 58 detects that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is an odd number, that is, the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is an odd number until the number becomes 1, 3, 5, or 7. It is determined whether or not a book has been reached (S82).

  If the movement control circuit 58 determines in S82 that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 has become an odd number as a result of the charging device 50 entering the parking section 20a, the charging device 50 itself is placed under the vehicle body. It is determined whether or not the vehicle sensor 55 detects that the vehicle has entered (S83).

  When the movement control circuit 58 determines in S83 that the vehicle sensor 55 has not detected that the charging device 50 has entered the vehicle body, the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is an even number, that is, two, four, and four. It is determined whether the number of books, six, or eight has been reached (S84). If the movement control circuit 58 determines in S84 that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is not an even number, it executes the process of S83 again.

  When the movement control circuit 58 determines in S83 that the vehicle sensor 55 has detected that the charging device 50 has entered the vehicle body as shown in FIG. 1D, the movement control circuit 58 moves the movement in the direction indicated by the arrow 50a. 57 is stopped (S85), and the charging circuit 52 is started to send electromagnetic energy from the power transmission coil 51 (S86). Note that the charging device 50 converts the alternating current supplied from the commercial power supply 71 via the cable 72 to direct current by the rectifier circuit 53, then converts the alternating current to high frequency alternating current by the charging circuit 52 and applies the alternating voltage to the power transmission coil 51. Thus, high-frequency alternating current is transmitted from the power transmission coil 51 as electromagnetic energy.

  Next, the movement control circuit 58 determines whether or not the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is closest based on the measurement result of the ammeter 54 (S87).

  If the movement control circuit 58 determines in S87 that the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is the shortest, the movement control circuit 58 causes the charging circuit 52 to charge the battery 31 of the electric vehicle 30 via the power transmission coil 51 (S88). On the other hand, if the movement control circuit 58 determines in S87 that the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is not the shortest, it determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of power transmission (S89). .

  When the movement control circuit 58 determines in S89 that the predetermined time has not elapsed since the start of power transmission, the movement control circuit 58 moves the movement unit 57 in the direction in which the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 approaches (S90), and again. The process of S87 is executed.

  In addition, the movement control circuit 58 causes the charging circuit 52 to charge the battery 31 of the electric vehicle 30 in S88, or the vehicle in which the charging device 50 enters the vehicle body does not have the power receiving coil 32. When it is determined in S89 that a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of power transmission, the charging circuit 52 stops the transmission of electromagnetic energy from the power transmission coil 51 (S91).

  Next, the movement control circuit 58 causes the moving unit 57 to start moving in the direction indicated by the arrow 50a to get out of the parking section 20a (S92) until the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 becomes an even number. Then, it is determined whether or not the number of dividing lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 has become an even number (S93).

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the movement control circuit 58 determines that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is an even number as a result of the charging device 50 exiting the parking section 20a without entering the vehicle body. When it is determined in S84 that the road surface sensor 56 has been charged, or when it is determined in S93 that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 has become an even number as a result of the charging device 50 exiting the parking section 20a after charging is completed, It is determined whether or not the number of separation lines detected in (8) has become eight (S94).

  In S94, the movement control circuit 58 determines that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is not eight, that is, the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 is two, four, or six. Then, the process of S82 is executed again while the movement unit 57 continues to move in the direction indicated by the arrow 50a. On the other hand, when the movement control circuit 58 determines in S94 that the number of separation lines detected by the road surface sensor 56 has become eight as shown in FIG. 1C, the movement control circuit 58 uses an arrow 50b ( The moving unit 57 is moved in the direction indicated by FIG. 1 to return the charging device 50 to the standby position (S95).

  As described above, the power transmission / reception device 10 can charge a plurality of electric vehicles 30 parked in the parking lot 20 with one charging device 50.

  In addition, the power transmission / reception device 10 allows the charging device 50 to detect a change in the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 based on the excitation current flowing through the power transmission coil 51. Since the charging device 50 moves based on the change in distance, electromagnetic energy can be automatically transmitted from the charging device 50 to the electric vehicle 30 in a more appropriate state than before. Therefore, the power transmission / reception device 10 can sequentially charge the electric vehicles 30 that need to be charged by the charging device 50 regardless of the position and orientation of the parked electric vehicle 30.

  In addition, the power transmitting and receiving device 10 can calculate an approximate charge amount based on the current measured by the ammeter 54 during charging in S88 and the charging time in S88.

  In addition, since the power transmission / reception device 10 does not need to provide the electric vehicle 30 with a special configuration for causing the charging device 50 to detect a change in the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32, the power transmission coil 51 has a simple configuration. And the change of the distance between the receiving coils 32 can be made to detect the charging device 50.

  Moreover, since the charging device 50 excites the power transmission coil 51 only when the charging device 50 detects that the charging device 50 has entered the vehicle body, the power transmission / reception device 10 generates unnecessary electromagnetic energy from the power transmission coil 51. Since transmission can be suppressed, unnecessary power consumption can be suppressed.

  The power transmission / reception device 10 is charged as the power transmission coil 51 of the charging device 50 approaches the power receiving coil 32 of the electric vehicle 30 until charging starts immediately after the charging device 50 enters the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 30. If the electromagnetic energy output from the power transmission coil 51 of the charging device 50 is reduced by weakening the output voltage of the charging circuit 52 of the device 50, it is further confirmed that unnecessary electromagnetic energy is transmitted from the power transmission coil 51. It can be suppressed, and unnecessary power consumption can be further suppressed. Here, the charging device 50 can accurately control the electromagnetic energy output from the power transmission coil 51 based on the current measured by the ammeter 54.

  The power transmission / reception device 10 is configured to stop the power transmission from the power transmission coil 51 in S91 when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of power transmission. The power transmission from 51 may be stopped in S91.

  Further, the movement control circuit 58 returns the charging device 50 to the standby position in the direction indicated by the arrow 50b in S95, but each parking is also performed when the charging device 50 is returned to the standby position in the direction indicated by the arrow 50b. The charging device 50 may be made to try charging again in the section 20a. Even when the charging device 50 returns to the standby position in the direction indicated by the arrow 50b, if the movement control circuit 58 causes the charging device 50 to try charging again in each parking section 20a, the charging is performed in the direction indicated by the arrow 50a. Even if the electric vehicle 30 is parked in the parking section 20a after the device 50 has passed, the charging can be started immediately when the charging device 50 returns to the standby position.

  In addition, although the power transmission / reception apparatus 10 guides the charging device 50 from the standby position to the parking section 20a according to the number of separation lines, as a method of guiding the charging apparatus 50 from the standby position to the parking section 20a, There are also the methods shown in FIGS.

  The method shown in FIG. 7 is a method of guiding by using the fact that the reflecting plate 21 is placed on the road surface and the reflectance of the portion of the guiding reflecting plate 21 is different from that of the portion other than the guiding reflecting plate 21. is there.

  The method shown in FIG. 8 is a method that facilitates searching by disposing a magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet) 22 on the road surface and increasing the magnetic force of the magnet 22 at the branch point. That is, the charging device 50 can determine that it is a branch point when it detects a strong magnetic force. In FIG. 8, the size of the magnet 22 represents the strength of the magnetic force.

(Second Embodiment)
First, the structure of the power transmission / reception apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  Note that, among the configurations of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, the configuration similar to the configuration of the power transmission / reception device 10 (see FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power transmission / reception device 10. The same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the configuration of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment includes an electric vehicle 130 (see FIG. 2) and an electric vehicle 130 as a power reception side device and a charging device 150 as a power transmission side device. The configuration is the same as that of the power transmission / reception device 10 instead of the charging device 50 (see FIG. 2).

  The configuration of the electric vehicle 130 includes an induction coil 131 as a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field, and a DC output from the rectifier circuit 33 is converted into a high-frequency AC and an AC voltage is applied to the induction coil 131 to excite the induction coil 131. The electric vehicle 30 has the same configuration as the oscillation circuit 132, the switch 133 that switches whether the rectifier circuit 33 is connected to the battery 31 or the oscillation circuit 132, and the switch control circuit 134 that controls switching of the switch 133. is there.

  The configuration of the charging device 150 is generated by a charging circuit 151 serving as an exciting unit that converts direct current into high-frequency alternating current and applies an alternating voltage to the power transmission coil 51 to excite the power transmission coil 51, and an induction coil 131 of the electric vehicle 130. A magnetic sensor 152 as a magnetic field strength detecting means for detecting the strength of the magnetic field, and a movement control circuit 153 include a charging circuit 52 (see FIG. 2), an ammeter 54 (see FIG. 2), and a movement control circuit 58 (see FIG. 2). The configuration is the same as that of the charging device 50 instead of 2).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the oscillation circuit 132 stores a capacitor 132a that stores the direct current output from the rectifier circuit 33, a timer 132b that outputs a signal at a predetermined time interval, and a capacitor 132a. A voltage detection circuit 132c that detects the voltage of the power to be triggered by a signal output from the timer 132b, an oscillator 132d that generates a high-frequency AC signal of a constant voltage, and a voltage detection of a high-frequency AC signal of a constant voltage generated by the oscillator 132d. And an amplifier 132e that amplifies the voltage according to the voltage detected by the circuit 132c. The capacitor 132a discharges all the electric power stored therein when the voltage of the electric power stored therein is detected by the voltage detection circuit 132c.

  In addition, when the charging circuit 151 sends the electromagnetic energy to the power transmission coil 51, as shown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 11, the charging circuit 151 continues to send the electromagnetic energy to the power transmission coil 51, and to the power transmission coil 51. A certain transmission suspension period B in which the transmission of electromagnetic energy is suspended is repeated.

  Further, the configuration of the movement control circuit 153 is configured to determine whether or not the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is closest based on the magnitude of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic sensor 152. Except for, the configuration of the movement control circuit 58 is the same. Therefore, the movement control circuit 153 constitutes a distance detection unit and a movement control unit.

  Next, the operation of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment will be described.

  The operation of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the power transmission / reception device 10 (see FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment except for the operations described below. Therefore, among the operations of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, descriptions of operations other than those described below are omitted.

  A switch 133 of the electric vehicle 130 connects the rectifier circuit 33 and the oscillation circuit 132 when intermittent charging of electromagnetic energy is started by the charging device 150. Therefore, the electromagnetic energy sent from the power transmission coil 51 is converted into AC power by the power receiving coil 32, and then converted into DC power by the rectifier circuit 33, and the DC current is applied to the capacitor 132a of the oscillation circuit 132 as shown in FIG. Accumulated as electric power.

  The timer 132b is started when the accumulation of DC power in the capacitor 132a is started, and outputs a signal to the voltage detection circuit 132c every time the transmission continuation period A elapses. Therefore, the voltage detection circuit 132c detects the voltage of the electric power stored in the capacitor 132a every time the transmission continuation period A elapses.

  Then, the amplifier 132e amplifies the constant frequency high frequency AC signal generated by the oscillator 132d in direct proportion to the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 132c every time the transmission duration A elapses, and the amplified high frequency AC signal (FIG. 11) is output to the induction coil 131 until the transmission suspension period B elapses.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 11, a large amount of DC power is accumulated in the capacitor 132a of the oscillation circuit 132 of the electric vehicle 130 as the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 approaches. As the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 approaches, a large magnetic field is generated during the transmission suspension period B.

  Therefore, the movement control circuit 153 of the charging device 150 determines whether or not the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is closest based on the magnitude of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic sensor 152.

  The voltage detection circuit 132c of the electric vehicle 130 causes the switch control circuit 134 to switch the switch 133 so that the battery 31 and the rectifier circuit 33 are connected when the voltage detected by the electric vehicle 130 exceeds a predetermined value. 31 starts charging.

  As described above, the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment can charge a plurality of electric vehicles 130 parked in the parking lot 20 with one charging device 150.

  Further, in the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, charging device 150 may detect a change in the distance between power transmission coil 51 and power reception coil 32 based on a change in the strength of the magnetic field generated from electric vehicle 130. The charging device 150 moves based on a change in the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power receiving coil 32, so that electromagnetic energy can be automatically transmitted from the charging device 150 to the electric vehicle 130 in a more appropriate state than before. . Therefore, the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment can sequentially charge the electric vehicle 130 that needs to be charged by the charging device 150 regardless of the position and orientation of the parked electric vehicle 130.

  In the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, the configuration of charging device 150 may be simplified by always keeping the output voltage of charging circuit 52 of charging device 150 constant. From immediately after the charging device 150 enters until the charging is started, as the power transmission coil 51 of the charging device 150 approaches the power receiving coil 32 of the electric vehicle 130, the output voltage of the charging circuit 52 of the charging device 150 is weakened to decrease the charging device. If the electromagnetic energy output from the 150 power transmission coils 51 is reduced, unnecessary electromagnetic energy can be further prevented from being transmitted from the power transmission coil 51, and consumption of unnecessary power can be further suppressed. be able to.

  The amplifier 132e amplifies the constant voltage high-frequency AC signal generated by the oscillator 132d in direct proportion to the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 132c, but the constant voltage high-frequency signal generated by the oscillator 132d. The AC signal may be amplified in inverse proportion to the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 132c.

(Third embodiment)
First, the structure of the power transmission / reception apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In addition, about the structure similar to the structure of the power transmission / reception apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment among the structure of the power transmission / reception apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment, with the structure of the power transmission / reception apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment The same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the configuration of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment includes an electric vehicle 230 (see FIG. 9) and an electric vehicle 230 as a power reception side device and a charging device 250 as a power transmission side device. Instead of the charging device 150 (see FIG. 9), the configuration is the same as that of the power transmission / reception device according to the second embodiment.

  The configuration of the electric vehicle 230 is the same as the configuration in which the electric vehicle 130 includes a control circuit 231 serving as a magnetic field interrupting unit that interrupts the magnetic field generated by the induction coil 131 in place of the oscillation circuit 132 (see FIG. 9). .

  The configuration of the charging device 250 is the same as the configuration provided in the charging device 150 in place of the movement control circuit 251 instead of the movement control circuit 153 (see FIG. 9).

  As shown in FIG. 13, the control circuit 231 includes a capacitor 232a, a timer 232b, a voltage detection circuit 232c, an oscillator 232d, and an amplifier 232e, and an oscillation circuit 232 similar to the oscillation circuit 132 (see FIG. 10). The status storage circuit 233 that stores the status information of the electric vehicle 230, the CPU (Central Processing Unit) 234 that reads the status information of the electric vehicle 230 from the status storage circuit 233, and the output of the oscillation circuit 232 according to the control of the CPU 234 And an intermittent switch circuit 235.

  The movement control circuit 251 is configured to acquire state information of the electric vehicle 230 based on the intermittent magnetic field detected by the magnetic sensor 152 and the electric vehicle 230 acquired from the electric vehicle 230. The configuration of the movement control circuit 153 is the same as that of the movement control circuit 153 except that the operation of the movement unit 57 is controlled based on the state information. Therefore, the movement control circuit 251 constitutes a distance detection unit, a movement control unit, and an information acquisition unit.

  Next, the operation of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment will be described.

  The operation of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment is the same as the operation of the power transmission / reception device according to the second embodiment except for the operation described below. Therefore, among the operations of the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, descriptions of operations other than those described below are omitted.

  In response to the signal output from the timer 132b, the CPU 234 reads the status information of the electric vehicle 230 from the status storage circuit 233, and outputs the read status information to the switch circuit 235 as shown in FIG.

  Then, the switch circuit 235 outputs the output of the amplifier 232e of the oscillation circuit 232 to the induction coil 131 while being interrupted as shown in FIG. 14 according to the state information of the electric vehicle 230 output from the CPU 234.

  Therefore, the movement control circuit 251 of the charging device 250 can determine whether or not the distance between the power transmission coil 51 and the power reception coil 32 is closest based on the magnitude of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic sensor 152. The state information of the electric vehicle 230 can be acquired based on the intermittent magnetic field detected by the magnetic sensor 152.

  And the movement control circuit 58 can move to the parking area 20a of the next row immediately when the state information of the electric vehicle 230 acquired from the electric vehicle 230 is information that charging is unnecessary, for example.

  As described above, in the power transmission / reception device according to the present embodiment, since charging device 250 moves based on information from electric vehicle 230, electromagnetic energy is transferred from charging device 250 to electric vehicle 230 in a more appropriate state. Can be transmitted.

  As described above, the power transmitting and receiving device according to the present invention has an effect that a plurality of power receiving devices can be charged by one power transmitting device, and an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle and the charging device thereof It is useful as a power transmission / reception device equipped with

(A) Top view of the power transmitting / receiving device according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the charging device is in the standby position (b) Power transmission / reception shown in FIG. 1 (a) when the charging device is moving Top view of device (c) Top view of power transmission / reception device shown in FIG. 1 (a) when charging device has finished searching (d) Power transmission / reception device shown in FIG. 1 (a) when charging device is charging Top view of 1 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle and a charging device of the power transmission / reception device shown in FIG. External perspective view of the electric vehicle and the charging device shown in FIG. The bottom view of the electric vehicle and the charging device shown in FIG. (A) The figure which shows the relationship between the mutual inductance M when the power transmission coil of the charging device shown in FIG. 2 and the power reception coil of an electric vehicle are made to oppose, and the electric current which flows into a power transmission coil (b) Between a power transmission coil and a power reception coil The figure which shows the relationship between the mutual inductance M in the state from which the distance between changed from the distance shown to Fig.5 (a), and the electric current which flows into a power transmission coil Flowchart of the operation of the power transmission / reception device shown in FIG. The figure explaining the method different from the method shown in FIG. 1 as a method of guide | inducing a charging device from a standby position to a parking area. The figure explaining the method different from the method shown in FIG.1 and FIG.7 as a method of guide | inducing a charging device from a standby position to a parking area. The block diagram of the electric vehicle of the power transmission / reception apparatus and charging device which concern on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention Block diagram of the oscillation circuit of the electric vehicle shown in FIG. Timing chart of output of components of oscillation circuit shown in FIG. The block diagram of the electric vehicle and charging device of the power transmission / reception apparatus which concern on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention Block diagram of the control circuit of the electric vehicle shown in FIG. Timing chart of output of components of control circuit shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10 Electric power transmission / reception device 30 Electric vehicle (power reception side device)
31 Battery (Power source)
32 Receiving coil 33 Rectifier circuit (load circuit)
50 Charging device (power transmission side device)
51 Transmission coil 52 Charging circuit (excitation means)
54 Ammeter (Current detection means)
55 Vehicle sensor (underbody detection means)
57 Moving part (moving means)
58 Movement control circuit (distance detection means, movement control means)
130 Electric vehicle (power-receiving device)
131 Induction coil (magnetic field generating means)
150 Charging device (power transmission side device)
151 Charging circuit (excitation means)
152 Magnetic sensor (magnetic field strength detection means)
153 Movement control circuit (distance detection means, movement control means)
230 Electric vehicle (power-receiving device)
231 Control circuit (magnetic field intermittent means)
250 Charging device (power transmission side device)
251 Movement control circuit (distance detection means, movement control means, information acquisition means)

Claims (9)

In a power transmission side device for sending the electromagnetic energy to a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving electromagnetic energy and a load circuit connected to the power reception coil,
A power transmission coil for transmitting the electromagnetic energy; current detection means for detecting an excitation current flowing in the power transmission coil; and a change between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil based on a change in the excitation current detected by the current detection means. A power transmission side device comprising distance detection means for detecting a change in distance. In a power transmission side device that transmits the electromagnetic energy to a power reception side device having a power reception coil that receives electromagnetic energy and a magnetic field generation unit that generates a magnetic field having a strength corresponding to the electromagnetic energy received by the power reception coil.
Based on a change in the strength of the magnetic field detected by the power transmission coil for transmitting the electromagnetic energy, magnetic field strength detection means for detecting the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation means, and the magnetic field strength detection means. A power transmission side device comprising distance detection means for detecting a change in the distance between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil. 3. The power transmission side according to claim 1, further comprising: a moving unit that moves the power transmission side device itself; and a movement control unit that controls movement based on a detection result of the distance detection unit. apparatus. The power receiving side device has magnetic field interrupting means for interrupting the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means according to predetermined information,
Information acquisition means for acquiring the predetermined information based on the intermittentness of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field intensity detection means, moving means for moving the power transmission side device itself, and the predetermined information acquired by the information acquisition means The power transmission side device according to claim 2, further comprising a movement control unit that controls movement based on the information. Excitation means for exciting the power transmission coil by applying an AC voltage to the power transmission coil,
The said excitation means applies the alternating voltage which reduces the said electromagnetic energy which the said power transmission coil sends according to the reduction | decrease of the said distance detected by the said distance detection means to the said power transmission coil. The power transmission side device according to claim 4. The power receiving side device is an automobile having, as a power source, a battery that stores the electromagnetic energy received by the power receiving coil as electric power,
Underbody detection means for detecting that the power transmission side device itself has entered under the body of the automobile, and excitation means for exciting the power transmission coil by applying an AC voltage to the power transmission coil,
3. The excitation means excites the power transmission coil when the underbody detection means detects that the power transmission side device is under the body of the automobile. 4. The power transmission side device described in 1. 3. The vehicle sensor according to claim 1, further comprising: a vehicle sensor that detects that the power transmission side device itself has entered a vehicle body; and a road surface sensor that detects a partition line of a parking area. Power transmission side device. A power transmission side device having a power transmission coil for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil,
The power receiving side device has a load circuit connected to the power receiving coil,
The power transmission side device detects a change in a distance between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil based on a change in the excitation current detected by the current detection unit and an excitation current detected by the current detection unit. A power transmission / reception device comprising a distance detection means for detection. A power transmission side device having a power transmission coil for transmitting electromagnetic energy, and a power reception side device having a power reception coil for receiving the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the power transmission coil,
The power receiving side device has magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field having a strength corresponding to the electromagnetic energy received by the power receiving coil,
The power transmission side device includes: a magnetic field strength detection unit that detects a strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation unit; a power transmission coil that is based on a change in the strength of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field strength detection unit; A power transmission / reception device comprising distance detection means for detecting a change in the distance between the power reception coils.