JP2006277530A - Allocation system, allocation apparatus, allocation method and program for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique that allocates space as reducing variations in service processing latency due to different use conditions of disks in a system having a plurality of disk devices (storage parts) and requiring disk spaces for respective users. <P>SOLUTION: For the allocation of a disk to a new user, the free space and access frequency of each disk are checked, and the disk that has a free space not smaller than a space to be allocated and has the lowest record of disk I/O volume per predetermined time out of the plurality of disk devices is allocated for the space for the new user. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for allocating a disk area, and particularly to a technique for allocating a disk area so that a service can be provided to all users with an equivalent response time.

  In general, several techniques for allocating disk space are provided.

  In Patent Document 1, when an application is executed and an open / create command for a file specified by the application is issued, the free capacity of the storage apparatus and the storage apparatus are allocated according to the policy specified by the user, that is, the characteristics of the application. There is provided a technique for collecting evaluation data of each storage device such as access frequency and allocating the storage device based on the collected evaluation data.

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, since a storage device is allocated for each application as described above, when users who use the same application are concentrated, a number of users to which the same storage device is allocated frequently occur, and a response is generated. There is a problem of being delayed.

  In addition, as a general technique for allocating disk space for each user, when adding a new user, it is determined whether the space can be allocated by comparing the amount of disk allocated to the new user with the remaining free disk space. Assigned from.

  However, when the disk area is allocated by such a method, the usage status of each disk varies depending on the service usage status of the user allocated to the disk. When a user who uses a service that requires a large amount of disk access per hour concentrates on a certain disk, many disk accesses are performed on a regular basis compared to other disks.

  In a disk having an access exceeding the maximum input / output (I / O) amount that can be processed by the disk, a response to a user request is delayed by waiting for I / O, while in other disks, the I / O is delayed. Since there is a sufficient amount, a response can be returned without delay to the user's request, and the service status varies from disk to disk. In order to provide service to all users without causing a delay in response, it is necessary to make some adjustments so that the I / O amount per predetermined time of each disk is equalized. A technique for this is also disclosed (Patent Document 2).

  Patent Document 2 provides a technique related to performance management that performs performance tuning by changing the logical configuration change of a disk device in consideration of the operation status of system components including the I / O amount of the storage device. Yes.

However, since the technique of this Patent Document 1 performs tuning at the time of service execution, there is a problem that computer resources such as CPU and I / O are used in the tuning process, and the performance of the system deteriorates due to the tuning itself. .
JP2004070971 JP 2004-302751 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to take the above-mentioned problems into consideration, and in a system having a plurality of disk devices (storage units) and requiring a disk area for each user, due to a difference in usage situation for each disk. It is to provide a technique for allocating areas so as to suppress variations in service processing latency.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide a technology for allocating areas so that processing for performance tuning is not required at the time of service execution.

A first invention for solving the above problem is an allocation system for allocating a storage area to a new user,
A plurality of storage units for storing data;
Measuring means for measuring the size of the free area of each storage unit and the frequency of access to each storage unit;
Determining means for determining a storage area to be allocated based on the measurement result;
The management unit stores information related to the determined storage area and user identification information for uniquely identifying a new user.

According to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the first invention,
The determining means includes
It is means for determining the allocation of a storage area to a storage unit having the least access frequency among the storage units having a larger free area size than the storage area to be allocated to a new user. Features.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, when the access request is received in the first or second aspect, the user identification information is associated with the user identification information based on the user identification information included in the access request. It has an access means which reads the information regarding the storage area currently read from the said management part, and accesses the said memory | storage part based on the read information regarding the storage area.

A fourth invention for solving the above problem is an allocating device for allocating a storage area to a new user,
A management unit that manages the size and access frequency of free areas in a plurality of storage units in which data is stored;
And determining means for determining an area to be allocated based on information managed by the management unit.

A fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the above-mentioned fourth invention,
The determining means includes
It is a means for determining the allocation of a storage area to a storage unit having the least access frequency among the storage units having a larger free area size than the storage area to be allocated to a new user. And

A sixth invention for solving the above problem is an allocation method for allocating a storage area to a new user,
A measuring step for measuring the size of the free area of the plurality of storage units and the frequency of access to each storage unit;
A determination step of determining a storage area to be allocated based on the measurement result;
And storing information relating to the determined storage area and user identification information for uniquely identifying a new user.

The seventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the above-mentioned sixth invention,
The determining step includes
A search step for comparing the size of the storage area to be allocated to the new user and the size of the measured free area of the storage section to search for a storage section having a larger free area size,
A determining step of determining a storage area to be allocated to the storage unit having the least access frequency among the searched storage units.

An eighth invention for solving the above-described problems is the above sixth or seventh invention,
A receiving step for receiving an access request;
Based on the user identification information included in the received access request, a reading step of reading out information related to the storage area associated with the user identification information;
And an access step for accessing the storage unit based on the read information relating to the storage area.

A ninth invention for solving the above-described problem is a program for an allocating device that allocates a storage area to a new user, and the program
A management unit that manages the size and access frequency of free areas in a plurality of storage units in which data is stored;
It is made to function as a determination means which determines the area | region to allocate based on the information which the said management part manages.

  The present invention checks the free space and the access frequency of each disk when allocating a disk to a new user, and allocates an area to a disk that has an area to be allocated to the new user and has the least access frequency. Do. As a result, a state in which the I / O statuses of all the disks are substantially the same can be maintained, and a service can be provided to all users with an equivalent response time. In addition, since performance tuning processing is not required at the time of service implementation, system performance does not deteriorate due to tuning.

  According to the present invention, since the access amount to the disk is almost uniform for each disk, it is possible to provide a service in a state where there is no delay in processing due to I / O waiting for each user.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the processing status does not differ for each disk, processing for performance tuning is not necessary at the time of service execution, and the performance of the system does not deteriorate due to tuning.

  First, the configuration of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the allocation system of the present invention.

  The assignment system of the present invention includes a distribution device 100, a disk server 110, a user information management device 120, a disk access client device 130, and a user addition instruction device 140.

  The distribution apparatus 100 includes a disk allocation determination unit 101 and a disk management unit 102.

  When the disk allocation determination unit 101 receives the user addition request from the user addition instruction device 140, the disk allocation determination unit 101 determines the actual I / O amount (number of accesses) and the size of the free area of each disk of the disk server 110 from the disk management unit 102. read out. Further, it is determined whether the user can be added based on the read actual I / O amount and the free space. If the user can be added, a disk to be assigned to the new user is determined. When the allocation destination disk is determined, information on the disk determined as the allocation destination and information on the allocation area are transmitted to the disk server 110. Further, the information on the disk determined as the allocation destination, the information on the allocation area, and the information on the user included in the user addition request are transmitted to the user information management apparatus 120. In addition, although it demonstrates using the user ID which identifies a user uniquely as information regarding a user in this invention, it is not restricted to this. That is, the information related to the user may include information other than the user ID. Similarly, in the present invention, the disk information is described using a disk ID that uniquely identifies the disk, but the present invention is not limited to this, and information other than the disk ID may be included.

  Here, determination of the allocation destination disk in the disk allocation determination unit 101 will be described.

  First, the disk allocation determining unit 101 compares the size of the area to be allocated to the user with the size of the free area of each disk, and the size of the free area is larger than the size of the area to be allocated to the user. Search for large disks. If a disc meeting this condition is found, it is determined that the user can be added, and if not searched, it is determined that the user cannot be added.

  If it is determined that the user can be added, the disk with the smallest I / O record is determined as the new user allocation destination.

  The disk management unit 102 records the size of the free space of each disk in the disk server 110 and the actual I / O amount (access count) of each disk in the disk server 110. The disk I / O measuring unit 116 of the disk server 110 measures the size of the free area of each disk and the actual amount of I / O (number of accesses) of each disk. The actual I / O amount may be determined according to the system policy such as the average amount per day or the average amount per week.

  The disk server 110 includes a writing / deleting / reading unit 111, a user area creation unit 112, disks 113, 114, and 115, and a disk I / O measurement unit 116.

  When the write / delete / read unit 111 receives a service execution request for the disks 113, 114, and 115 from the disk access client device 130, the write / delete / read unit 111 obtains information on the allocation area associated with the user ID included in the service execution request. In order to obtain it, a transmission request is transmitted to the user information management apparatus 120. Further, based on the information regarding the allocation area obtained from the user information management device 120, the area is accessed to write, delete, or read data.

  The user area creation unit 112 secures an area based on the information about the disk determined as the allocation destination and the information related to the allocation area transmitted from the disk allocation determination unit 101.

  The disks 113, 114, and 115 store various types of user data. In the present invention, a description will be given using a configuration in which three disks are provided, but there may be two or four or more disks. Further, there may be a configuration in which a plurality of disk servers exist, each having one or more disks.

  The disk I / O measuring unit 116 measures the size of the free area of each disk and the actual result (number of accesses) of the I / O amount of each disk. The actual I / O amount may be determined according to the system policy such as the average amount per day or the average amount per week.

  The user information management device 120 stores information relating to the user, information relating to the disk, and information relating to the allocation area transmitted from the disk allocation determining unit 101 in association with each other. Further, when a transmission request is received from the writing / deleting / reading unit 111, based on the user ID included in the transmission request, information on the disk associated with this user ID and information on the allocation area are written and The data is transmitted to the deletion / reading unit 111.

  The disk access client device 130 includes an input / output device and is operated by a service user. A service execution request is sent to the disk server 110 in response to a user's write, delete or read service use operation.

  Each of the user addition instruction devices 140 includes an input / output device and is operated by an operator. When an operator registers a new user, a user addition request including information on the user is transmitted to the disk allocation determination unit 101. Furthermore, the allocation result is received from the disk allocation determining unit 101, the received result is displayed, and the result is transmitted to the operator.

  Subsequently, the operation will be described. First, an operation for securing an area for a new user will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of securing an area for a new user in the present invention.

  The user addition instruction device 140 starts a new user addition process by an operator's operation.

  The user addition instruction device 140 transmits a user addition request including information on the user to be added to the distribution device 100 (step S201).

  The disk allocation determination unit 101 of the distribution apparatus 100 starts disk allocation processing for the user based on the user addition request.

  The disk allocation determination unit 101 reads the actual I / O amount and free capacity of the disks 113, 114, and 115 in the disk management unit 102 (step S201).

  The disk allocation determination unit 101 compares the size of the area to be allocated to the user with the size of the free area of each disk, and the disk whose free area is larger than the size of the area to be allocated to the user. Is searched to determine whether or not a user can be added (step S202).

  When the disk allocation determination unit 101 determines that the user cannot be added, the disk allocation determination unit 101 notifies the user addition instruction device 140 that the user cannot be added (step S203).

  On the other hand, if it is determined that the user can be added, the disk with the smallest I / O record is determined as the allocation destination of the new user among the searched disks, and information regarding the allocation destination disk and information regarding the user Information on the allocation area is transmitted to the user information management apparatus 120 (step S204).

  The user information management apparatus 120 stores information relating to the new user, information relating to the allocation destination disk, and information relating to the allocation area in association with each other (step S205).

  The disk allocation determination unit 101 transmits information on the allocation destination disk and information on the allocation area to the user area creation unit 112 (step S206).

  The user area creation unit 112 secures a storage area for a new user on the addition destination disk based on the transmitted information about the allocation destination disk and information on the allocation area (step S207).

  Next, an operation when the user accesses the allocated area will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation when the user accesses.

  The disk server 110 receives the service execution request transmitted by the disk access client device 130 in response to the user's service use operation (step S301).

  Based on the user ID, the writing / deleting / reading unit 111 in the disk server 110 provides information on the disk indicating the allocation area of the service execution target user from the user information management apparatus 120 and the allocation area. The information transmission request is transmitted (step S302).

  In response to the transmission request, the user information management device 120 returns information regarding the disk associated with the user ID and information regarding the allocation area (step S303).

  Based on the information transmitted from the user information management device 120, the writing / deleting / reading unit 111 accesses the disk on which the service execution target user allocation area is located, and performs writing, deleting, or reading (step S304). ).

  As described above, according to the present invention, the amount of access to the disk is almost uniform for each disk, so that there is no delay in processing due to I / O waiting for each user. Can provide.

  In addition, since performance tuning processing is not required at the time of service implementation, system performance does not deteriorate due to tuning.

  The present invention can be used in a system having a disk server such as a mail server that performs mail transmission / reception and a Web storage service server that provides a file storage location on the Web.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of securing an area for a new user in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation when the user accesses.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Distribution apparatus 101 Disk allocation determination part 102 Disk management part 110 Disk server 111 Writing / deleting / reading part 112 User area creation part 113,114,115 Disk 116 Disk I / O measurement part 120 User information management apparatus 130 Disk access Client device 140 User addition instruction device

Claims (9)

An allocation system for allocating storage space for new users,
A plurality of storage units for storing data;
Measuring means for measuring the size of the free area of each storage unit and the frequency of access to each storage unit;
Determining means for determining a storage area to be allocated based on the measurement result;
An allocation system comprising: a management unit that stores information relating to the determined storage area and user identification information that uniquely identifies a new user, and stores the associated information. The determining means includes
It is means for determining the allocation of a storage area to a storage unit having the least access frequency among the storage units having a larger free area size than the storage area to be allocated to a new user. 2. The assignment system according to claim 1, wherein   When the access request is received, based on the user identification information included in the access request, information related to the storage area associated with the user identification information is read from the management unit, and based on the read information related to the storage area The allocation system according to claim 1, further comprising an access unit that accesses the storage unit. An allocation device that allocates storage space to a new user,
A management unit that manages the size and access frequency of free areas in a plurality of storage units in which data is stored;
An allocating apparatus comprising: a determining unit that determines an area to be allocated based on information managed by the management unit. The determining means includes
It is a means for determining the allocation of a storage area to a storage unit having the least access frequency among the storage units having a larger free area size than the storage area to be allocated to a new user. The allocation apparatus according to claim 4. An allocation method for allocating storage space to new users,
A measuring step for measuring the size of the free area of the plurality of storage units and the frequency of access to each storage unit;
A determination step of determining a storage area to be allocated based on the measurement result;
And a storage step of storing information relating to the determined storage area and user identification information for uniquely identifying a new user in association with each other. The determining step includes
A search step for comparing a size of a storage area to be allocated to a new user and a size of a free area of the measured storage unit to search for a storage unit having a larger size of the free area;
The allocation method according to claim 6, further comprising: a determination step of determining a storage area to be allocated to a storage unit having the least access frequency among the searched storage units. A receiving step for receiving an access request;
Based on the user identification information included in the received access request, a reading step of reading out information related to the storage area associated with the user identification information;
The allocation method according to claim 6, further comprising: an access step of accessing the storage unit based on the information related to the read storage area. A program for an allocating device that allocates a storage area to a new user, the program comprising:
A management unit that manages the size and access frequency of free areas in a plurality of storage units in which data is stored;
A program that functions as a determination unit that determines an area to be allocated based on information managed by the management unit.

Images