JP2006157290A - Surface mounted antenna, and antenna system and wireless communication apparatus employing antenna - Google Patents

Surface mounted antenna, and antenna system and wireless communication apparatus employing antenna Download PDF

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JP2006157290A
JP2006157290A JP2004342837A JP2004342837A JP2006157290A JP 2006157290 A JP2006157290 A JP 2006157290A JP 2004342837 A JP2004342837 A JP 2004342837A JP 2004342837 A JP2004342837 A JP 2004342837A JP 2006157290 A JP2006157290 A JP 2006157290A
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antenna
effective dielectric
dielectric constant
base
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JP4217205B2 (en
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Kouji Hamada
浩児 濱田
Shunichi Murakawa
俊一 村川
Kazuo Watada
一雄 和多田
Akinori Sato
昭典 佐藤
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Kyocera Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a downsized surface mounted antenna with excellent antenna characteristics. <P>SOLUTION: The surface mounted antenna 1 is formed by arranging a radiation electrode in at least either of the surface and the inside of a base 2 made of a dielectric material or a magnetic material, wherein the base 2 includes parts 2a, 2b whose effective dielectric constants differ from each other, and the radiation electrode 3 is provided in the parts whose effective dielectric constants differ in a way of bridging over them. The antenna can be downsized by the part 2b whose effective dielectric constant is higher, a problem of narrowing the operating band due to the increased effective dielectric constant can be solved by cancellation of the part 2b whose effective dielectric constant is lower, then the downsized surface mounted antenna with the excellent antenna characteristic can be realized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、携帯電話等の移動体通信装置をはじめとする無線通信装置に使用される小型アンテナである表面実装型アンテナおよびそれを用いたアンテナ装置ならびに無線通信装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a surface mount antenna that is a small antenna used in a wireless communication device such as a mobile communication device such as a mobile phone, an antenna device using the surface mount antenna, and a wireless communication device.

近年の無線通信装置、中でも携帯電話等の移動体通信装置においては、小型化，軽量化，高機能化が急速に進められており、その構成部品の１つであるアンテナについても小型化，軽量化への対応が行なわれている。   Recent wireless communication devices, especially mobile communication devices such as mobile phones, have been rapidly reduced in size, weight, and functionality, and the antenna, which is one of the components, has also been reduced in size and weight. Correspondence is being made.

このような状況から、誘電体材料や磁性体材料を使ったチップアンテナが開発され、アンテナの小型化が行なわれて来た。しかし、アンテナを単に小型化しただけでは、アンテナの電気的体積が小さくなり、それにより利得が劣化するという不具合が生じる。   Under such circumstances, chip antennas using dielectric materials and magnetic materials have been developed, and the antennas have been downsized. However, if the antenna is simply reduced in size, the electrical volume of the antenna is reduced, thereby causing a problem that the gain is deteriorated.

また、移動体通信装置の小型化とは相反して、液晶のような表示部は大型化される傾向にあり、内蔵アンテナに割かれるスペースはさらに小さくなる傾向にある。そのようになるとアンテナの配置上、スペースは確保されても、アンテナと他の部品とのオーバーラップが生じ、それに伴う利得劣化が発生することとなる。また、オーバーラップを避けるようにアンテナをさらに小型化した場合には、アンテナが小さくなりすぎるため、必要充分な利得が得られないという不具合が生じることとなる。   Contrary to the miniaturization of mobile communication devices, the display unit such as liquid crystal tends to be enlarged, and the space allocated to the built-in antenna tends to be further reduced. In such a case, even if a space is ensured in the arrangement of the antenna, the antenna and other parts overlap, and the gain deterioration associated therewith occurs. Further, when the antenna is further reduced in size so as to avoid overlap, the antenna becomes too small, so that a problem that a necessary and sufficient gain cannot be obtained occurs.

そこで、小さくなったアンテナの利得改善を目的として、小型化したチップアンテナの放射電極に板金を付加導体として接続し、電気的体積を大きくした構造を有する表面実装型アンテナが開発されている（例えば、特許文献１〜３を参照。）。   Therefore, for the purpose of improving the gain of the smaller antenna, a surface mount antenna having a structure in which a sheet metal is connected as an additional conductor to the radiation electrode of a miniaturized chip antenna to increase the electrical volume has been developed (for example, And Patent Documents 1 to 3).

図２は、特許文献１に開示されているチップアンテナ126の放射電極122に付加導体125を接続した構造を有する表面実装型アンテナを用いたアンテナ装置121を示す透視斜視図である。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an antenna device 121 using a surface mount antenna having a structure in which an additional conductor 125 is connected to a radiation electrode 122 of a chip antenna 126 disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.

特許文献１に開示された表面実装型アンテナを用いたアンテナ装置121は、利得改善の目的を達成するために、基体123上に放射電極122が形成されたチップアンテナ126において、放射電極122の一部に一端が接続された平板状の付加導体125と、放射電極122に給電する給電点124とを有し、実装基板127上に実装したものである。これによれば、誘電体の波長短縮の効果と付加導体を接続した効果とにより、アンテナ長を確保できるとともにアンテナの共振周波数を下げることができるというものであり。また、アンテナ特性において、チップアンテナの大きさを変えずに、アンテナの放射特性が大きくなるとされている。   In order to achieve the purpose of gain improvement, an antenna device 121 using a surface-mounted antenna disclosed in Patent Document 1 is one of the radiation electrodes 122 in the chip antenna 126 in which the radiation electrode 122 is formed on the base 123. A flat additional conductor 125 having one end connected to the part and a feeding point 124 for feeding power to the radiation electrode 122 are mounted on the mounting board 127. According to this, the antenna length can be secured and the resonance frequency of the antenna can be lowered by the effect of shortening the wavelength of the dielectric and the effect of connecting the additional conductor. Further, in antenna characteristics, it is said that the radiation characteristics of the antenna are increased without changing the size of the chip antenna.

また、図３は、特許文献２に開示されている、中央部分に電極除去部142ａが形成された付加導体142をチップアンテナ146に接続した表面実装型アンテナを用いたアンテナ装置141を示す透視斜視図である。   FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an antenna device 141 using a surface-mounted antenna in which an additional conductor 142 having an electrode removal portion 142a formed at the center is connected to a chip antenna 146, as disclosed in Patent Document 2. FIG.

特許文献２に開示された表面実装型アンテナ146を用いたアンテナ装置141は、基体144に放射電極として機能する付加導体142をチップアンテナ146に接続させることにより、表面実装型アンテナの特性向上を図ることができるというものである。しかしながら、付加導体142が、グランドと見なされる例えば実装基板147や電子部品148との間に不要な容量を持つことから、実際には、アンテナ特性の向上は難しいとされている。これに対しては、中央部に電極除去部142ａが形成された付加導体142を接続した構造にすると、グランドとの間の不要容量を格段に減少できて、これにより、表面実装型アンテナの特性向上がなされるとされている。   The antenna device 141 using the surface-mounted antenna 146 disclosed in Patent Document 2 aims to improve the characteristics of the surface-mounted antenna by connecting the additional conductor 142 functioning as a radiation electrode to the base antenna 144 to the chip antenna 146. It can be done. However, since the additional conductor 142 has an unnecessary capacity between, for example, the mounting substrate 147 and the electronic component 148 regarded as the ground, it is actually difficult to improve the antenna characteristics. On the other hand, when the additional conductor 142 having the electrode removal portion 142a formed in the central portion is connected, the unnecessary capacitance between the ground and the ground can be significantly reduced. It is said that improvements will be made.

さらに、図４は、特許文献３に開示されているアンテナ装置161を示す透視斜視図である。   FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the antenna device 161 disclosed in Patent Document 3.

特許文献３に開示された表面実装型アンテナ162を用いたアンテナ装置161は、シールドケース164があるものであり、付加導体163との間の不具合を防ぐため、付加導体163をチップアンテナ162の基体の側面側に設置し、実装基板165に対してほぼ直交させるとともに、実装基板165からはみ出させ、筐体を大きくすることで、間隔を介した状態で配置している。これにより、不要容量を抑え、アンテナ特性の劣化することを防ぐことができるとされている。
特開2001−339226号公報 特開2003−124736号公報 特開2001−358517号公報 An antenna device 161 using a surface-mounted antenna 162 disclosed in Patent Document 3 has a shield case 164, and the additional conductor 163 is used as a base of the chip antenna 162 in order to prevent problems with the additional conductor 163. Is disposed on the side surface of the substrate and is substantially orthogonal to the mounting substrate 165, and is protruded from the mounting substrate 165, and the housing is enlarged, so that they are arranged with a space therebetween. Thereby, it is said that unnecessary capacity can be suppressed and deterioration of antenna characteristics can be prevented.
JP 2001-339226 A JP2003-1224736A JP 2001-358517 A

しかしながら、図２に示した従来のアンテナ装置121では、特性を上げようとすると、付加導体125が平板状であることから、ある一定の面積が必要であり、アンテナ装置121が大きくなってしまい、アンテナ実装の実質スペースが大きく必要となるため、誘電体を使ってアンテナを小型化した効果が薄れてしまうという問題点があった。   However, in the conventional antenna device 121 shown in FIG. 2, when the characteristics are to be improved, since the additional conductor 125 is flat, a certain area is required, and the antenna device 121 becomes large. Since a substantial space for mounting the antenna is required, there is a problem that the effect of downsizing the antenna using a dielectric is reduced.

そもそも誘電体材料を使ったチップアンテナの利点は、誘電体の波長短縮効果を使って放射電極の長さを１／√εｒ（εｒ：誘電体の比誘電率）にし、チップアンテナを小型化することにある。アンテナ特性を向上させるために付加導体125を接続することは、チップアンテナ126を小型化したことに反し、付加導体125によってチップアンテナの大きさを大きくすることになり、小型化した効果と相反する結果になってしまう。   In the first place, the advantage of the chip antenna using the dielectric material is that the length of the radiation electrode is made 1 / √εr (εr: relative dielectric constant of the dielectric) by using the wavelength shortening effect of the dielectric, and the chip antenna is miniaturized. There is. Connecting the additional conductor 125 to improve the antenna characteristics is contrary to the miniaturization of the chip antenna 126, and the size of the chip antenna is increased by the additional conductor 125, which is contrary to the miniaturization effect. Will result.

また、実装基板127はグランドと見なされることから、この表面実装型アンテナでは、付加導体125が大きくなればなるほど、付加導体125の金属板と実装基板127間に不要な容量が増加し、この不要容量に起因してアンテナ利得が劣化しやすいという問題点もあった。   In addition, since the mounting board 127 is regarded as the ground, in this surface mount antenna, the larger the additional conductor 125, the more unnecessary capacitance increases between the metal plate of the additional conductor 125 and the mounting board 127. There was also a problem that the antenna gain was likely to deteriorate due to the capacitance.

これに対して、図３に示した従来のアンテナ装置141では、付加導体142の中央部分に電極除去部142ａが形成されて、放射電極の面積を減少させた構成が用いられていることから、グランド面との不要容量は減少し、アンテナ特性は安定する。しかしながら、やはり、付加導体142によって外寸における見かけ上のアンテナ面積は大きくなり、誘電体を使ってチップアンテナ146を小型化した効果が薄れてしまうという問題点があった。   On the other hand, in the conventional antenna device 141 shown in FIG. 3, the electrode removal portion 142a is formed in the central portion of the additional conductor 142, and the configuration in which the area of the radiation electrode is reduced is used. Unnecessary capacitance with the ground plane is reduced, and the antenna characteristics are stabilized. However, there is still a problem that the additional antenna 142 increases the apparent antenna area in the outer dimension, and the effect of reducing the size of the chip antenna 146 using a dielectric is diminished.

また、中央部分を電極除去部142ａとして除去した付加導体142を用いることで、アンテナとしての実質の面積は減少することになり、電気的体積は減少することから、利得が低下するという問題点もあった。   Further, by using the additional conductor 142 from which the central portion is removed as the electrode removal portion 142a, the substantial area as the antenna is reduced, and the electrical volume is reduced, so that the gain is lowered. there were.

また、図４に示した従来のアンテナ装置161では、シールドケース164がある場合の付加導体163の配置の仕方を記載しているが、チップアンテナ162の横に付加導体163を設置することで、シールドケース164と付加導体163との間の不要容量は減少するが、チップアンテナ162の側面の放射電極と付加導体163との間に不要容量が発生し、アンテナ特性を劣化させるという問題点がある。さらに、付加導体163は実装基板165からはみ出して配置されることから、余分なスペースが必要となり、筐体が大きくなってしまうという問題点もある。   In addition, in the conventional antenna device 161 shown in FIG. 4, the arrangement method of the additional conductor 163 when the shield case 164 is provided is described, but by installing the additional conductor 163 next to the chip antenna 162, Although the unnecessary capacitance between the shield case 164 and the additional conductor 163 decreases, there is a problem in that unnecessary capacitance is generated between the radiation electrode on the side surface of the chip antenna 162 and the additional conductor 163, thereby degrading the antenna characteristics. . Further, since the additional conductor 163 is disposed so as to protrude from the mounting substrate 165, there is a problem that an extra space is required and the casing becomes large.

さらに、いずれの特許文献に開示された発明も、アンテナ素子以外の部品を必要としており、取り付けに手間がかかるばかりか、接続の信頼性も低下してしまう問題もある。   Furthermore, the inventions disclosed in any of the patent documents require parts other than the antenna element, and there is a problem that not only the mounting is troublesome but also the connection reliability is lowered.

本発明は上記課題を解決するために成されたものであり、その目的は、他の部品を必要とせず、アンテナの配置上、他の部品とオーバーラップしても特性劣化の少ない、小型で利得の高い表面実装型アンテナを提供することにある。さらに、本発明の他の目的は、この表面実装型アンテナを用いたアンテナ装置ならびに無線通信装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to achieve a small size that does not require other components and has little deterioration in characteristics even when overlapped with other components due to the arrangement of the antenna. An object of the present invention is to provide a surface mount antenna having a high gain. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device and a wireless communication device using the surface mount antenna.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、誘電体材料または磁性体材料から成る基体の表面および内部の少なくとも一方に放射電極を設けて成る表面実装型アンテナであって、前記基体は実効誘電率の異なる部分を有するとともに、前記放射電極はそれら実効誘電率の異なる部分にわたって設けられていることを特徴とする表面実装型アンテナである。   The surface mount antenna of the present invention is a surface mount antenna having a radiation electrode provided on at least one of the surface and the inside of a base made of a dielectric material or a magnetic material, wherein the base is a portion having a different effective dielectric constant. And the radiation electrode is provided over portions having different effective dielectric constants.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、上記構成において、前記基体は、実装面が前記実効誘電率の異なる部分で分けられていることを特徴とするものである。   Moreover, the surface mount antenna of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the base body is divided by a portion having a different effective dielectric constant.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、上記構成において、前記基体は、実装面が前記実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率が低い部分であることを特徴とするものである。   The surface-mounted antenna according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the base body is a portion having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、上記各構成において、前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、比誘電率の異なる材料から成ることを特徴とするものである。   The surface-mount antenna of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the portions having different effective dielectric constants are made of materials having different relative dielectric constants.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、上記各構成において、前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、体積の異なる部分から成ることを特徴とするものである。   Moreover, the surface mount antenna of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the portions having different effective dielectric constants are portions having different volumes.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナは、上記各構成において、前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、密度の異なる材料から成ることを特徴とするものである。   The surface-mount antenna of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the portions having different effective dielectric constants are made of materials having different densities.

また、本発明のアンテナ装置は、実装基板の下面に電子部品が実装されているとともに、前記実装基板の上面に上記各構成の本発明の表面実装型アンテナのいずれかに記載の表面実装型アンテナが、前記実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率の低い部分の実装面を前記電子部品に対向させて実装されていることを特徴とするものである。   The antenna device according to the present invention has an electronic component mounted on the lower surface of the mounting substrate, and the surface-mounted antenna according to any one of the surface-mounted antennas of the present invention having the above-described configurations on the upper surface of the mounting substrate. However, the mounting surface of the portion having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants is mounted facing the electronic component.

また、本発明の無線通信装置は、上記構成の本発明のアンテナ装置と、それに接続された送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも１つとを具備することを特徴とするものである。   A radio communication apparatus according to the present invention includes the antenna apparatus according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, and at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit connected thereto.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、誘電体材料または磁性体材料から成る基体の表面および内部の少なくとも一方に放射電極を設けて成る表面実装型アンテナであって、基体は実効誘電率の異なる部分を有するとともに、放射電極はそれら実効誘電率の異なる部分にわたって設けられていることから、この実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率の高い部分でアンテナの小型化が可能になり、一方、実効誘電率を高くしたことによる動作帯域の狭帯域化の問題は、実効誘電率の低い部分で相殺することができる。   According to the surface mount antenna of the present invention, the surface mount antenna includes a radiation electrode provided on at least one of the surface and the inside of a base made of a dielectric material or a magnetic material, and the base has a different effective dielectric constant. Since the radiation electrode is provided over the parts having different effective dielectric constants, the antenna can be miniaturized in the part having the high effective dielectric constant among the parts having different effective dielectric constants, The problem of narrowing the operating band due to the increase in the effective dielectric constant can be offset by a portion where the effective dielectric constant is low.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、基体は、実装面が実効誘電率の異なる部分で分けられているときには、実装の際に、他の部品配置に応じて、他の部品とのオーバーラップによる影響がでる部分とそうでない部分とに放射電極を振り分けることができるので、オーバーラップに伴う利得低下を効果的に防ぐことができる。   Further, according to the surface-mounted antenna of the present invention, when the mounting surface is divided by portions having different effective dielectric constants, when the mounting is performed, the substrate is connected to other components according to the arrangement of other components. Since the radiation electrode can be allocated to the portion affected by the overlap and the portion not affected by the overlap, it is possible to effectively prevent a decrease in gain due to the overlap.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、基体は、実装面が実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率が低い部分であるときには、実効誘電率が高い部分と比べて空気の比誘電率に近づくので、見かけ上、基板の実装面からアンテナが浮いているようになるため、実装面に密着している場合に比べて、物理的に離すことと等価になるので、オーバーラップに伴う他の部品の影響を低減させることができる。   Further, according to the surface mount antenna of the present invention, when the mounting surface is a portion having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants, the relative dielectric constant of air is compared with the portion having a high effective dielectric constant. Since the antenna floats from the mounting surface of the board because it approaches the rate, it is equivalent to physically separating compared to the case where it is in close contact with the mounting surface. The influence of other parts can be reduced.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、実効誘電率の異なる部分は、比誘電率の異なる材料から成るときには、基体の形状を異ならせることなく、実効誘電率を異ならせることができ、かつ基体内での実効誘電率の差を比較的自由に調整できるので、所望の周波数やサイズ、他の部品配置等に応じて、基体内における実効誘電率の異なる部分の比率を決定し、かつそれに応じて放射導体を形成することにより、所望の周波数とアンテナサイズに適した比誘電率を設定することができる。   Further, according to the surface mount antenna of the present invention, when the portions having different effective dielectric constants are made of materials having different relative dielectric constants, the effective dielectric constants can be made different without changing the shape of the base, In addition, since the difference in effective dielectric constant within the substrate can be adjusted relatively freely, the ratio of the portions having different effective dielectric constants within the substrate is determined according to the desired frequency, size, arrangement of other components, etc., and By forming the radiation conductor accordingly, it is possible to set a dielectric constant suitable for a desired frequency and antenna size.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、実効誘電率の異なる部分は、体積の異なる部分から成るときには、例えば、実装面と空隙ができるように、切り欠きを設けたり、また、基体が段形状となるように基体の一部分を削り取ったり、もしくは一部分をくり抜いたりして体積を異ならせることにより、実効誘電率の異なる部分を基体内の任意の位置に設けることができ、しかも部分的に変化させることができることから、アンテナの基体に対する追加工等が比較的容易であり、設計後でも容易に実効誘電率を変更できるとともに、製造後の実効誘電率の微調整も可能になる。   Further, according to the surface mount antenna of the present invention, when the portions having different effective dielectric constants are composed of portions having different volumes, for example, a notch is provided so that a gap is formed between the mounting surface and the substrate is formed. By cutting off a part of the base so as to form a stepped shape or by cutting out a part of the base to make the volume different, a part having a different effective dielectric constant can be provided at an arbitrary position in the base. Since it can be changed, it is relatively easy to perform additional work on the antenna base, and the effective dielectric constant can be easily changed even after design, and fine adjustment of the effective dielectric constant after manufacture is also possible.

また、本発明の表面実装型アンテナによれば、実効誘電率の異なる部分は、密度の異なる材料から成るときには、同一材料を用いても密度を異ならせることによって実効誘電率を変えることができ、同一材料を用いながら比誘電率の違う材料を使用したときと同じ効果を得ることができる。また、異なる材質を用いた場合は、さらにその密度を異ならせることにより、２つの部分の実効誘電率の差を大きくすることができるので、所望の周波数サイズに対する設計の自由度を増すことができる。   Further, according to the surface mount antenna of the present invention, when the portions having different effective permittivity are made of materials having different densities, the effective permittivity can be changed by changing the density even if the same material is used, The same effect can be obtained as when materials having different dielectric constants are used while using the same material. In addition, when different materials are used, the difference in effective density between the two portions can be increased by further varying the density, thereby increasing the degree of design freedom for a desired frequency size. .

また、本発明のアンテナ装置によれば、実装基板の下面に電子部品が実装されているとともに、実装基板の上面に上記各構成の本発明の表面実装型アンテナが、実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率の低い部分の実装面を電子部品に対向させて実装されていることから、実装面に表面実装型アンテナの実効誘電率の低い部分が対向されて配置されるため、見かけ上、実装面に対してアンテナが浮いた状態のようにみなされるため、実装面に密着している場合に比べて、物理的に離すことと等価になるので、下面に対向して配置されている電子部品の影響を低減させることができ、電子部品とのオーバーラップによるアンテナの利得劣化を防止することができる。   Further, according to the antenna device of the present invention, the electronic component is mounted on the lower surface of the mounting substrate, and the surface mounted antenna of the present invention having the above-described configuration is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting substrate. Since the mounting surface of the part with a low effective dielectric constant is mounted facing the electronic component, the part with the low effective dielectric constant of the surface mount antenna is disposed facing the mounting surface, Since the antenna is considered to be floating with respect to the mounting surface, it is equivalent to physically separating it compared to the case where it is in close contact with the mounting surface. The influence of components can be reduced, and antenna gain deterioration due to overlap with electronic components can be prevented.

また、本発明の無線通信装置によれば、上記構成の本発明のアンテナ装置と、それに接続された送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも１つとを具備することから、小型のアンテナ装置を使用しつつ、アンテナの利得劣化を防ぐことができ、送信または受信に必要充分な性能を得ることができる。   In addition, according to the wireless communication device of the present invention, since the antenna device of the present invention having the above-described configuration and at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit connected thereto are used, a small antenna device is used, It is possible to prevent the antenna gain from deteriorating, and to obtain the necessary and sufficient performance for transmission or reception.

以下、本発明の表面実装型アンテナおよびアンテナ装置ならびに無線通信装置の実施の形態の例について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a surface-mounted antenna, an antenna device, and a wireless communication device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１およびそれを実装基板14の表面に実装して成る本発明のアンテナ装置15および無線通信装置の実施の形態の例を示す斜視図である。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a surface mount antenna 1 of the present invention and an antenna apparatus 15 and a wireless communication apparatus of the present invention formed by mounting it on the surface of a mounting substrate 14.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１は、図１に示すように、略直方体の誘電体材料または磁性材料から成る基体２の表面および内部の少なくとも一方に、この例では表面に放射電極３を設けて成る。基体２は実効誘電率の異なる２つの部分を有しており、図１中に一点鎖線で示した断面を境に、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとが一体に形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the surface-mounted antenna 1 of the present invention is provided with a radiation electrode 3 on at least one of the surface and the inside of a base 2 made of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped dielectric material or magnetic material. Become. The base 2 has two portions having different effective dielectric constants, and a portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and a portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant are integrally formed with a cross section indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. Is formed.

この表面実装型アンテナ１を用いたアンテナ装置11は、表面に給電電極12および接地導体層13を有する実装基板14上に、表面実装型アンテナ１がその給電端子４を給電電極12に接続して実装されている。   An antenna device 11 using this surface-mounted antenna 1 has a surface-mounted antenna 1 connected to a feeding electrode 12 on a mounting substrate 14 having a feeding electrode 12 and a ground conductor layer 13 on the surface. Has been implemented.

そして、このアンテナ装置11は、送受信を行なう無線回路（送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも一方）に接続されることで無線通信装置15を構成するものであり、その他に表示装置16等の様々なデバイスや機能が付加される。   The antenna device 11 constitutes a wireless communication device 15 by being connected to a wireless circuit (at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit) that performs transmission and reception, and various other devices such as a display device 16 and the like. And functions are added.

ここで、本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１は、前述のように基体２が２つ以上の異なる実効誘電率の部分を有することを特徴とするものである。   Here, the surface-mounted antenna 1 according to the present invention is characterized in that the base 2 has two or more portions having different effective dielectric constants as described above.

これにより、例えば、図１に示すように基体２を２つの実効誘電率を有する部分、すなわち実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとから構成することで、アンテナのＱ値が大きくなることによる狭帯域化を避けつつ小型化することができる。   As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the base body 2 is composed of two portions having an effective dielectric constant, that is, a portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and a portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant. It is possible to reduce the size while avoiding the narrowing of the bandwidth due to the increase in the size.

基体２の実装面が図１に示す例のように実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとで分けられているときには、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａが、実装基板14の下面に搭載される部品とオーバーラップする部分に配置されるので、見かけ上、実装基板14と離れているようにみなせるため、実装基板14の下面に搭載される表示装置16等の他の電子部品とのオーバーラップに伴う利得の劣化を低減できるものとなる。   When the mounting surface of the base 2 is divided into a portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and a portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant as in the example shown in FIG. Other electronic components such as the display device 16 mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting board 14 because it is arranged in a portion that overlaps with the components mounted on the bottom surface, so that it can be seen as if it is separated from the mounting board 14. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the gain due to the overlap.

また、実効誘電率の異なる材質を上下に重ね合わせることにより、あるいは同一材料の基体２で実装面に接する部分の一部を削り取ることにより、基体２に実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂおよび実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを形成すること等によって、基体２の実装面が実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率が低い部分であるときには、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａは高い部分２ｂに比べて、空気の誘電率に近くなるため、見かけ上実装基板14と物理的に離れているようにみなせるので、実装基板14の下面に搭載される表示装置16等の他の電子部品とのオーバーラップに伴う利得の劣化を低減できるものとなる。   Further, by superimposing materials having different effective dielectric constants on top and bottom, or by scraping off a part of the base material 2 that is in contact with the mounting surface, the base 2 has a portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant and an effective dielectric constant. When the mounting surface of the substrate 2 is a portion having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants by forming the low portion 2a, the low effective dielectric portion 2a is compared with the high portion 2b. Since it is close to the dielectric constant of air, it can be considered to be physically separated from the mounting board 14, so that it accompanies overlap with other electronic components such as the display device 16 mounted on the lower surface of the mounting board 14. Gain deterioration can be reduced.

基体２の実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂには、所望の周波数および基体２のサイズから最適な値を選択する。例えば、800ＭＨｚ程度の周波数で16×５×５ｍｍ程度の基体２であれば、小型化のために実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂの実効誘電率を４〜10程度とする。一方、基体２の実効誘電率の低い部分２ａの実効誘電率は、実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂの実効誘電率の値に応じて、アンテナのＱ値が大きくなり過ぎて狭帯域にならないよう、適切な値に設定するのが望ましい。例えば、800ＭＨｚ程度の周波数で16×５×５ｍｍ程度の基体２であれば、小型化のために実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂの実効誘電率を４〜10程度とし、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａはそれよりも低くなるよう、実効誘電率を１〜９とすればよい。   For the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant of the substrate 2, an optimum value is selected from the desired frequency and the size of the substrate 2. For example, in the case of the base 2 having a frequency of about 800 MHz and a size of about 16 × 5 × 5 mm, the effective dielectric constant of the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant is set to about 4 to 10 for miniaturization. On the other hand, the effective dielectric constant of the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant of the base 2 is set so that the Q value of the antenna does not become excessively narrow according to the value of the effective dielectric constant of the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant. It is desirable to set to an appropriate value. For example, in the case of the base body 2 of about 16 × 5 × 5 mm at a frequency of about 800 MHz, the effective dielectric constant of the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant is set to about 4 to 10 for the purpose of downsizing, and the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant. The effective dielectric constant may be set to 1 to 9 so as to be lower than that.

基体２が実効誘電率の異なる部分を有するようにするのに実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとの材料を変えて行なう場合は、それぞれの部分に最適な比誘電率を有する比誘電率の異なる材料を選択するとよい。例えば、小型化のために実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂには比誘電率が４〜20程度のセラミックスのような材料を使用し、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａには、他の電子部品とのオーバーラップに伴う利得劣化の低減のために、実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂに使用した材料よりも、比誘電率が低いセラミックスや、比誘電率が２〜５程度の樹脂材料等を選択すればよい。この際、基体２において実効誘電率が低い部分２ａと実効誘電率が高い部分２ｂとは一体でなくても差し支えなく、それぞれ別のブロックに分けても構わない。この場合、放射電極３は、実装基板14のアンテナ固着用のランドパターンを用いて電気的に接続されるよう形成するか、もしくは実装基板14に２ブロックに分けて形成されている放射電極３を電気的に接続するためのパターンを用いて、別のブロック間で電気的に接続されるように形成すればよい。また、別ブロックに分かれた基体２を接着等により一体化した後に、放射電極３を形成してもよい。また、放射電極３の形成後に２つのブロックを接着等で一体化する場合には、放射電極３と一緒に接続用のパターンを設けておき、それらが電気的に接続されるように一体化しても構わない。   When the base 2 has parts having different effective dielectric constants, when the material of the part 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the part 2b having a high effective dielectric constant are changed, the relative dielectric constant optimum for each part is used. It is preferable to select materials having different relative dielectric constants. For example, in order to reduce the size, a material such as ceramics having a relative dielectric constant of about 4 to 20 is used for the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant, and other electronic components are used for the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant. In order to reduce gain deterioration due to overlap, if ceramics having a relative dielectric constant lower than the material used for the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant or a resin material having a relative dielectric constant of about 2 to 5 is selected. Good. At this time, the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant in the substrate 2 may not be integrated with each other, and may be divided into separate blocks. In this case, the radiation electrode 3 is formed so as to be electrically connected by using a land pattern for fixing the antenna of the mounting board 14, or the radiation electrode 3 formed in two blocks on the mounting board 14. What is necessary is just to form so that it may connect electrically between another blocks using the pattern for electrically connecting. Alternatively, the radiation electrode 3 may be formed after the base body 2 divided into separate blocks is integrated by bonding or the like. In addition, when two blocks are integrated by bonding or the like after the radiation electrode 3 is formed, a connection pattern is provided together with the radiation electrode 3, and they are integrated so that they are electrically connected. It doesn't matter.

放射電極３は、基体２の実効誘電率の異なる部分にわたって設けられている。図１に示す例においては、基体２の実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂの側面の下部で給電端子４に接続された放射電極３は、その側面から上面へ延び、実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂの上面で折り返して再び元の側面に延び、その側面の下部で曲げられて実効誘電率の低い部分２ａの側面へと延びている。このように放射電極３を配置することによって、実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂによる小型化の効果を充分得ることができるようにするとともに、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａである、実装基板14の下面に配置されている表示装置16等の他の部品とオーバーラップしている部分にまで、放射電極３を形成している。また、放射電極３を基体２の実装基板14から距離的に遠い面に形成することにより、所望の周波数範囲を広げることができ、かつ実装基板14の下面に配置される電子部品の影響を受けにくくなるので、小型化の効果を得つつ、実装基板14下面に配置される電子部品とのオーバーラップによる、利得の劣化を低減できるものとなる。   The radiation electrode 3 is provided over portions of the base 2 having different effective dielectric constants. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the radiation electrode 3 connected to the power supply terminal 4 at the lower part of the side surface of the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant of the base 2 extends from the side surface to the upper surface, and It is folded back at the upper surface and extends again to the original side surface, and is bent at the lower portion of the side surface and extends to the side surface of the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant. By disposing the radiation electrode 3 in this way, it is possible to sufficiently obtain the effect of miniaturization by the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant, and the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14 which is the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant. The radiation electrode 3 is formed up to a portion overlapping with other parts such as the display device 16 arranged in the above. Further, by forming the radiation electrode 3 on a surface far from the mounting substrate 14 of the base 2, a desired frequency range can be expanded and affected by electronic components disposed on the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the gain due to the overlap with the electronic component arranged on the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14 while obtaining the effect of downsizing.

また、基体２における実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとの比率も必ずしも同一でなくともよく、基体２のサイズや所望の周波数あるいは実装基板14の下面の部品配置に応じて、比率を異ならせても構わない。例えば、実装基板14の下面の他の部品と基体２とのオーバーラップする割合が、基体２の70％であるならば、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａが基体２の70％となるようにすればよい。またオーバーラップする部分が基体２の30％程度であれば、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを30％程度とすればよい。   Further, the ratio of the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant in the base 2 may not necessarily be the same, depending on the size of the base 2, the desired frequency, or the component arrangement on the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14. The ratio may be different. For example, if the overlapping ratio of other components on the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14 and the base 2 is 70% of the base 2, the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant is 70% of the base 2. That's fine. If the overlapping portion is about 30% of the substrate 2, the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant may be about 30%.

基体２の実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとで比誘電率が同じ材料を用いて、体積を異ならせることで異ならせる場合には、基体２の比誘電率は、基体２のサイズや所望の周波数により最適な値を選択しておき、例えば図１に示すように実効誘電率の低い部分２ａの基体２に窪みを形成して実効誘電率を低くするとよい。このように窪みを形成して実効誘電率を低くすることにより、基体２の重量が軽減されるので、落下時の脱落防止等、接続の信頼性の向上にも寄与することができる。このように基体２に窪みを形成して実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを設ける場合は、窪みの大きさは基体２のサイズに応じて、窪みを入れた部分の機械的強度が十分得られる程度としておくことが望ましい。例えば、16×５×５ｍｍの基体２の半分（８×５×５ｍｍ）の部分の実効誘電率を異ならせる場合、その部分に対して、８×３×４ｍｍ（体積比で48％）程度の窪みであれば、機械的強度を保ちながら、実効誘電率を体積比に応じた一定の割合で低くすることができる。   In the case where the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant of the base 2 are made of different materials by using different materials, the relative permittivity of the base 2 is An optimum value may be selected according to the size of the base 2 and a desired frequency, and for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a recess is formed in the base 2 of the portion 2a having a low effective permittivity to lower the effective permittivity. Since the weight of the base body 2 is reduced by forming the dent in this way to reduce the effective dielectric constant, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of connection reliability, such as prevention of falling off during dropping. Thus, when forming the hollow 2 in the base | substrate 2 and providing the part 2a with a low effective dielectric constant, according to the size of the base | substrate 2, the magnitude | size of a hollow is a grade which can fully obtain the mechanical strength of the part which put the hollow. It is desirable to keep For example, when the effective dielectric constant of a half (8 × 5 × 5 mm) portion of the 16 × 5 × 5 mm base 2 is made different, the portion is about 8 × 3 × 4 mm (48% by volume). If it is a dent, the effective dielectric constant can be lowered at a constant rate corresponding to the volume ratio while maintaining the mechanical strength.

窪みの大きさについては、大きい程、軽量化ができ、軽い程、落下時等にかかる自重による慣性力が低減されることから、衝撃等に対する実装強度の信頼性を高めることになる。また、その窪みを含む部分の実効誘電率を大きく低下させることができる。しかし、窪みが大きくなり過ぎると、基体２の強度低下を引き起こし、基体２にクラックやカケ等が発生して、アンテナ特性の信頼性を損なうおそれがある。従って、窪みの大きさについては、窪みを形成する部分の基体２の体積の90％以内としておくことが好ましい。   As the size of the dent is increased, the weight can be reduced, and the lighter the weight, the lower the inertial force due to its own weight when dropped or the like. Therefore, the reliability of the mounting strength against an impact or the like is increased. In addition, the effective dielectric constant of the portion including the depression can be greatly reduced. However, if the dent becomes too large, the strength of the base 2 may be reduced, and cracks or chips may be generated in the base 2 and the reliability of the antenna characteristics may be impaired. Therefore, it is preferable that the size of the recess is within 90% of the volume of the base 2 in the portion where the recess is formed.

また、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとを体積の異なる部分で構成するには、この他にも、基体２の一部をくり抜いたり、基体２の一部に段差を設けたりして、体積を異ならせることにより実効誘電率の異なる部分とすればよい。   In addition, in order to form the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant with portions having different volumes, a part of the base 2 is hollowed out or a step is formed on a part of the base 2 Or the like, and the portions having different effective dielectric constants may be obtained by making the volumes different.

基体２の実効誘電率の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとをそれぞれ密度の異なる材料で形成することによって実効誘電率の異なる部分とする場合には、例えば、誘電体材料にセラミックスを使用し、その焼結状態を異ならせるなどして密度の異なる、すなわち実効誘電率の異なる同一材料の基体を２つ用意し、これらを貼り合わせることで一体化し、実効誘電率の異なる部分を有する基体２を得ることができる。異なる材質を用いて密度を異ならせる場合には、同一材料を用いた場合に比較して、基体２内での実効誘電率の差を大きくすることができるため、実効誘電率の調整幅を大きくすることができるようになり、設計に自由度を持たすことが可能になる。   In the case where the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant and the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant are formed of materials having different densities to form portions having different effective dielectric constants, for example, ceramic is used as the dielectric material. Use two different bases of the same material with different densities, that is, with different effective dielectric constants by, for example, changing the sintered state, and by bonding them together, they have parts with different effective dielectric constants. The substrate 2 can be obtained. When different materials are used and the densities are different, the difference in effective dielectric constant within the substrate 2 can be increased as compared with the case where the same material is used. It becomes possible to have a degree of freedom in design.

図１に示した例においては、放射電極３への給電端子４は実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂに形成しており、実効誘電率の高い側から給電を行なう場合について示している。このように給電を行なうと、実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂで小型化に寄与する割合が増加するため、小型化に際して有利になり、かつ実効誘電率の低い部分２ａが他の電子部品とのオーバーラップ部分に形成されるので、小型化しつつ、他の部品とのオーバーラップに伴う利得の劣化を低減できるものとなる。また、給電端子４の配置はこれとは逆であっても、すなわち実効誘電率の低い部分２ａに配置しても差し支えない。給電端子４を誘電体の低い部分２ａと実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとのどちら側に配置するかは、実装基板14の下面に配置される他の部品の配置に応じて最適な配置を選択すればよい。具体的には、実装基板14の下面の部品とオーバーラップする部分が給電端子４側にあるときは、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを給電端子４側に、オーバーラップする部分が開放端側にあるときは、実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを開放端側に配置すればよい。   In the example shown in FIG. 1, the power supply terminal 4 to the radiation electrode 3 is formed in the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant, and power is supplied from the side having a high effective dielectric constant. When power is supplied in this manner, the portion contributing to miniaturization increases in the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant, which is advantageous for downsizing, and the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant is in excess of other electronic components. Since it is formed in the wrap portion, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the gain due to the overlap with other components while reducing the size. The arrangement of the power supply terminals 4 may be reversed, that is, it may be arranged in the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant. The optimal arrangement according to the arrangement of the other components arranged on the lower surface of the mounting board 14 is selected as to which side the feeding terminal 4 is arranged, ie, the low dielectric portion 2a or the high effective dielectric portion 2b. do it. Specifically, when the portion overlapping the component on the lower surface of the mounting substrate 14 is on the power supply terminal 4 side, the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant is on the power supply terminal 4 side, and the overlapping portion is on the open end side. In some cases, the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant may be disposed on the open end side.

また、本発明のアンテナ装置11において、図１に示すように電子部品として表示装置16等が表面実装型アンテナ１とオーバーラップするように配置される場合には、オーバーラップする部分には表面実装型アンテナ１の実効誘電率の低い部分２ａを配置することが望ましい。これは、見かけ上、実効誘電率が低い方が実効誘電率の低い部分２ａに形成される放射導体３と実装基板14との間に物理的な距離が確保されていることと等価となるので、オーバーラップする部品の影響を低減することができることから、表面実装型アンテナ１の利得の劣化を避けることができるからである。とりわけ、オーバーラップする電子部品が、液晶表示装置のようにノイズの発生源となる電子部品の場合には、表面実装型アンテナ１による受信感度を確保する点からも、その電子部品と対向する実装面を実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率の低い部分２ａとすることが有効である。   Further, in the antenna device 11 of the present invention, when the display device 16 or the like is disposed as an electronic component so as to overlap the surface mount antenna 1 as shown in FIG. It is desirable to arrange the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant of the mold antenna 1. Apparently, the lower the effective dielectric constant is equivalent to the fact that a physical distance is secured between the radiation conductor 3 formed in the portion 2a having the lower effective dielectric constant and the mounting substrate 14. This is because the influence of the overlapping parts can be reduced, and the deterioration of the gain of the surface mount antenna 1 can be avoided. In particular, when the electronic component that overlaps is an electronic component that is a source of noise, such as a liquid crystal display device, the mounting facing the electronic component is also possible from the viewpoint of ensuring the reception sensitivity of the surface-mounted antenna 1. It is effective to make the surface a portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants.

そして、本発明の無線通信装置は、以上のような本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１が実装基板14に実装されてなる本発明のアンテナ装置11と、そのアンテナ装置11に接続された送信回路およびそのアンテナ装置11に接続された受信回路の少なくとも１つとを具備するものである。また、所望に応じて無線通信を可能とするために無線信号処理回路が表面実装型アンテナ１、アンテナ装置11、送信回路または受信回路に接続されていてもよく、様々な構成を採り得る。   The wireless communication device of the present invention includes an antenna device 11 of the present invention in which the surface mount antenna 1 of the present invention as described above is mounted on a mounting substrate 14, a transmission circuit connected to the antenna device 11, and And at least one receiving circuit connected to the antenna device 11. Further, a radio signal processing circuit may be connected to the surface mount antenna 1, the antenna device 11, the transmission circuit, or the reception circuit in order to enable wireless communication as desired, and various configurations can be adopted.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１において、基体２は、誘電体材料または磁性体材料から成る例えば直方体状のものであり、例えばアルミナを主成分とする誘電体材料（比誘電率εｒ：9.4）からなる粉末を加圧成形して焼成したセラミックスを用いて作製される。また、基体２には、誘電体材料であるセラミックスと樹脂との複合材料を用いてもよく、あるいはフェライト等の磁性体材料を用いてもよく、さらには、誘電体材料と磁性体材料とを貼り合わせた材料を用いてもよい。   In the surface mount antenna 1 of the present invention, the base 2 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped made of a dielectric material or a magnetic material, and is made of, for example, a dielectric material mainly composed of alumina (relative permittivity εr: 9.4). It is produced using ceramics obtained by pressure-molding and firing the resulting powder. In addition, the base 2 may be a composite material of ceramic and resin as a dielectric material, or may be a magnetic material such as ferrite, and further, a dielectric material and a magnetic material may be used. A bonded material may be used.

なお、基体２を誘電体材料で作製する場合は、比誘電率εｒが２より低いと、大気中の比誘電率（εｒ＝１）に近づいてアンテナの小型化という市場の要求に応えることが困難となる傾向がある。また、εｒが45を超えると、小型化は可能なものの、アンテナの利得および帯域幅はアンテナサイズに比例するため、アンテナの利得および帯域幅が小さくなり過ぎ、アンテナとしての特性を果たさなくなる傾向がある。従って、基体２を誘電体材料で作製する場合は、その比誘電率εｒが２以上45以下の誘電体材料を用いることが望ましい。このような誘電体材料としては、例えばアルミナセラミックス，ジルコニアセラミックス等をはじめとするセラミックス材料や、テトラフルオロエチレン，ＡＢＳ樹脂，ガラスエポキシ等をはじめとする樹脂材料等がある。   When the substrate 2 is made of a dielectric material, if the relative dielectric constant εr is lower than 2, it can approach the relative dielectric constant (εr = 1) in the atmosphere and meet the market demand for miniaturization of the antenna. It tends to be difficult. If εr exceeds 45, the antenna can be reduced in size, but the antenna gain and bandwidth are proportional to the antenna size. Therefore, the antenna gain and bandwidth are too small, and the antenna characteristics tend not to be achieved. is there. Therefore, when the substrate 2 is made of a dielectric material, it is desirable to use a dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant εr of 2 or more and 45 or less. Examples of such a dielectric material include ceramic materials such as alumina ceramics and zirconia ceramics, and resin materials such as tetrafluoroethylene, ABS resin, and glass epoxy.

他方、基体２を磁性体材料で作製すると、放射電極３のインピーダンスが大きくなるため、アンテナのＱ値を低くでき、帯域幅を広くすることができる。   On the other hand, when the substrate 2 is made of a magnetic material, the impedance of the radiation electrode 3 is increased, so that the Q value of the antenna can be lowered and the bandwidth can be widened.

基体２を磁性体材料で作製する場合は、比透磁率μｒが８を超えると、アンテナ帯域幅は広くなるものの、アンテナの利得および帯域幅はアンテナサイズに比例するため、アンテナの利得および帯域幅が小さくなり過ぎ、アンテナとしての特性を果たせなくなる傾向がある。従って、基体２を磁性体材料で作製する場合は、その比透磁率μｒが１以上８以下の磁性体材料を用いることが望ましい。このような磁性体材料としては、例えばＹＩＧ（イットリア・アイアン・ガーネット）、Ｎｉ−Ｚｒ系化合物、Ｎｉ−Ｃｏ−Ｆｅ系化合物等がある。   When the base 2 is made of a magnetic material, if the relative permeability μr exceeds 8, the antenna bandwidth becomes wide, but the antenna gain and bandwidth are proportional to the antenna size. Tends to be too small to achieve the antenna characteristics. Therefore, when the substrate 2 is made of a magnetic material, it is desirable to use a magnetic material having a relative permeability μr of 1 or more and 8 or less. Examples of such a magnetic material include YIG (yttria, iron, garnet), Ni-Zr compounds, Ni-Co-Fe compounds, and the like.

なお、基体２を磁性体材料で作製する場合は、その実効誘電率については、磁性体材料の比透磁率を誘電体材料の比誘電率と等価と考えて、実効的な透磁率と実効誘電率とを置き換えて調節すればよい。   When the base 2 is made of a magnetic material, regarding the effective dielectric constant, the relative permeability of the magnetic material is considered equivalent to the relative permittivity of the dielectric material, and the effective permeability and effective dielectric You can adjust it by replacing the rate.

また、放射電極３ならびに給電端子４は、例えばアルミニウム，銅，ニッケル，銀，パラジウム，白金，金のいずれかを主成分とする金属により形成される。これらの金属により、各々の電極パターンならびに端子パターンを形成するには、各種の印刷法や、蒸着法，スパッタリング法等の薄膜形成法や、金属箔の貼り合わせ法、あるいはメッキ法等によって、それぞれ所望のパターン形状の導体層を基体２の所定の側面に形成すればよい。   Further, the radiation electrode 3 and the power supply terminal 4 are formed of a metal whose main component is, for example, aluminum, copper, nickel, silver, palladium, platinum, or gold. In order to form each electrode pattern and terminal pattern with these metals, various printing methods, thin film formation methods such as vapor deposition methods, sputtering methods, metal foil bonding methods, plating methods, etc., respectively A conductor layer having a desired pattern shape may be formed on a predetermined side surface of the substrate 2.

また、放射電極３を基体２の内部に設ける場合には、パターンを幾つかの層に分けて形成し、その後、積層することで形成すればよい。   Moreover, when providing the radiation electrode 3 in the inside of the base | substrate 2, what is necessary is just to form by dividing a pattern into several layers and then laminating | stacking.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１が実装される実装基板14には、例えばガラスエポキシやアルミナセラミックス等の通常の回路基板が使われる。   For the mounting substrate 14 on which the surface-mounted antenna 1 of the present invention is mounted, an ordinary circuit substrate such as glass epoxy or alumina ceramic is used.

また、実装基板14の表面に配設された接地導体層13および給電電極12は、銅や銀等の通常の回路基板に使われる導体で形成される。   Further, the ground conductor layer 13 and the feeding electrode 12 disposed on the surface of the mounting board 14 are formed of a conductor used for a normal circuit board such as copper or silver.

なお、本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１を実装基板14の表面に実装して給電端子４を給電電極12に接続する方法には、リフロー炉等による半田実装が使用可能である。   For mounting the surface-mounted antenna 1 of the present invention on the surface of the mounting substrate 14 and connecting the feeding terminal 4 to the feeding electrode 12, solder mounting using a reflow furnace or the like can be used.

そして、本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１を実装基板14に実装して構成される本発明のアンテナ装置11は、無線通信装置に好適に用いられ、送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも１つに接続されて本発明の無線通信装置に具備されるものである。   The antenna device 11 of the present invention configured by mounting the surface-mounted antenna 1 of the present invention on the mounting substrate 14 is preferably used for a radio communication device and is connected to at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit. The wireless communication device of the present invention is provided.

このような本発明の無線通信装置によれば、以上のような本発明のアンテナ装置11と、それに接続された、送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも１つとを具備することから、小型でありながら、携帯電話等の移動体通信に対応可能な無線通信装置となる。   According to such a wireless communication device of the present invention, since it includes the antenna device 11 of the present invention as described above and at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit connected to the antenna device 11, it is small, A wireless communication apparatus capable of supporting mobile communication such as a cellular phone.

なお、本発明の表面実装型アンテナおよびアンテナ装置は、以上の実施の形態の例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更を加えることは何ら差し支えない。例えば、本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１の放射電極３の形状は、図１に示したような形状のものに限られるものではなく、ミアンダ形状の放射電極としてもよく、このようにして電気長を変えることにより、対応する周波数を低くしたり、あるいは、さらなる小型のアンテナを作ったりすることができる。   The surface mount antenna and the antenna device of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the shape of the radiation electrode 3 of the surface-mounted antenna 1 of the present invention is not limited to the shape as shown in FIG. 1, and may be a meander-shaped radiation electrode. By changing, the corresponding frequency can be lowered, or an even smaller antenna can be made.

また、オーバーラップするその他の部品として液晶表示装置16を例に挙げているが、この部品としては、無線信号処理用の回路部であったり、ベースバンド処理用のＩＣ等であったりしても構わない。この場合にも、これらの部品とのオーバーラップ部分の実効誘電率を変えることにより、同様の効果を得ることができるものとなる。   In addition, the liquid crystal display device 16 is given as an example of another part that overlaps, but this part may be a circuit unit for wireless signal processing, an IC for baseband processing, or the like. I do not care. In this case as well, the same effect can be obtained by changing the effective dielectric constant of the overlapping portion with these components.

次いで、本発明の実施例について説明する。   Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

図１に示すような本発明の表面実装型アンテナ１を以下のようにして作製した。基体２には長方形状のアルミナセラミックス（16ｍｍ×５ｍｍ×５ｍｍ）を使用し、これに図１に示すように実装面から端面にかけて８ｍｍ×３ｍｍ×４ｍｍの大きさの窪みを入れ、この部分を実効誘電率の低い部分２ａとし、残りの部分を実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂとして、実効誘電率の異なる部分を有する基体２を作製した。次に、銀導体を基体２の表面にスクリーン印刷にて形成し、パターン長は800ＭＨｚ帯に合うように電気長を調整した。そして、パターン長の約半分を実効誘電率の高い部分２ｂに形成し、残りの約半分が実効誘電率の低い部分２ａにわたるように放射電極３を形成した。   A surface mount antenna 1 of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 was produced as follows. The substrate 2 is made of rectangular alumina ceramics (16 mm x 5 mm x 5 mm). As shown in FIG. A substrate 2 having a portion with a different effective dielectric constant was prepared with a portion 2a having a low dielectric constant and a portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant as the remaining portion. Next, a silver conductor was formed on the surface of the substrate 2 by screen printing, and the electrical length was adjusted so that the pattern length matched the 800 MHz band. Then, about half of the pattern length was formed in the portion 2b having a high effective dielectric constant, and the radiation electrode 3 was formed so that the remaining half of the pattern length was over the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant.

次に、実装基板14には、厚さ0.8ｍｍのガラスエポキシ基板を使用し、接地導体層13は銅を使用して40ｍｍ×80ｍｍの大きさとした。給電電極12は実装基板14の角付近に設け、片側をアンテナ１の給電端子４に、もう片方を無線通信装置に接続し、表面実装型アンテナ１が実装基板14の80ｍｍ長さの辺とアンテナ１の基体２の16ｍｍの辺とが平行になるよう、かつ実装基板14の端部に実装されるものとした。   Next, a glass epoxy substrate having a thickness of 0.8 mm was used as the mounting substrate 14, and the ground conductor layer 13 was made to have a size of 40 mm × 80 mm using copper. The feeding electrode 12 is provided near the corner of the mounting board 14, one side is connected to the feeding terminal 4 of the antenna 1, and the other side is connected to the wireless communication device. It is assumed that the substrate 1 is mounted on the end portion of the mounting substrate 14 so as to be parallel to the 16 mm side of the substrate 2.

このように作製した表面実装型アンテナ１および実装基板14を使用し、図１に示すように表示装置16を表面実装型アンテナ１が実装される面（上面）と反対側の面（下面）に、表面実装型アンテナ１の長手方向長さの半分（実効誘電率の低い部分２ａ）をオーバーラップさせて配置し、本発明のアンテナ装置11を構成して、800ＭＨｚ帯用の無線通信装置を作製した。   Using the surface-mounted antenna 1 and the mounting substrate 14 manufactured as described above, the display device 16 is placed on the surface (lower surface) opposite to the surface (upper surface) on which the surface-mounted antenna 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. The half-length in the longitudinal direction of the surface-mounted antenna 1 (the portion 2a having a low effective dielectric constant) is placed so as to overlap, and the antenna device 11 of the present invention is configured to produce a wireless communication device for the 800 MHz band. did.

同様に、従来例として、窪みのない、実効誘電率が一様な基体を用いた表面実装型アンテナを使用して実装基板14に実装し、800ＭＨｚ帯の無線通信装置を作製した。   Similarly, as a conventional example, an 800 MHz band wireless communication device was manufactured by mounting on a mounting substrate 14 using a surface-mount antenna using a base without a depression and having a uniform effective dielectric constant.

そして、各々の無線通信装置の特性の測定において、中心周波数および帯域についてはネットワークアナライザでＳ11を測定し、利得については電波暗室内でＳ21をネットワークアナライザにより測定した。なお、中心周波数についてはＶＳＷＲ３の中心値を、帯域についてはＶＳＷＲ３での値を測定した。   Then, in the measurement of the characteristics of each wireless communication device, S11 was measured with a network analyzer for the center frequency and band, and S21 was measured with a network analyzer for gain in the anechoic chamber. The center frequency of VSWR3 was measured for the center frequency, and the value at VSWR3 was measured for the band.

その結果、本発明のアンテナ装置11を用いた無線通信装置では、中心周波数が825ＭＨｚ、帯域が80ＭＨｚ、利得が−4.2ｄＢｉの特性が得られた。   As a result, in the wireless communication device using the antenna device 11 of the present invention, characteristics with a center frequency of 825 MHz, a band of 80 MHz, and a gain of −4.2 dBi were obtained.

これに対し、従来例の表面実装型アンテナを使用した無線通信装置では、中心周波数が826ＭＨｚ、帯域が55ＭＨｚ、利得が−5.6ｄＢｉの特性であった。   On the other hand, the wireless communication apparatus using the conventional surface mount antenna has characteristics of a center frequency of 826 MHz, a band of 55 MHz, and a gain of −5.6 dBi.

この結果より、実効誘電率が異なる部分を有する基体を使用した本発明の表面実装型アンテナを用いることにより、アンテナおよびアンテナ装置の小型化を行なった場合でも、付加的な他の部品を使用することなく、アンテナの利得を向上させることができることが判った。   From this result, even when the antenna and the antenna device are miniaturized by using the surface mount antenna of the present invention using the base having parts having different effective dielectric constants, additional other parts are used. Thus, it has been found that the antenna gain can be improved.

本発明の表面実装型アンテナおよびこれを用いたアンテナ装置の実施の形態の例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the example of embodiment of the surface mount type antenna of this invention, and an antenna apparatus using the same. 従来の表面実装型アンテナの例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the example of the conventional surface mount antenna. 従来の表面実装型アンテナの他の例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the conventional surface mount type antenna. 従来の表面実装型アンテナの他の例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the conventional surface mount type antenna.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：表面実装型アンテナ
２：基体
２ａ：実効誘電率の低い部分
２ｂ：実効誘電率の高い部分
３：放射電極
４：給電端子
14：実装基板
11：アンテナ装置
12：給電電極
13：接地導体層
16：表示装置（電子部品） 1: Surface mount antenna 2: Base 2a: Low effective dielectric constant 2b: High effective dielectric constant 3: Radiation electrode 4: Feed terminal
14: Mounting board
11: Antenna device
12: Feed electrode
13: Ground conductor layer
16: Display device (electronic parts)

Claims (8)

誘電体材料または磁性体材料から成る基体の表面および内部の少なくとも一方に放射電極を設けて成る表面実装型アンテナであって、前記基体は実効誘電率の異なる部分を有するとともに、前記放射電極はそれら実効誘電率の異なる部分にわたって設けられていることを特徴とする表面実装型アンテナ。 A surface-mount antenna having a radiation electrode on at least one of a surface and an inside of a base made of a dielectric material or a magnetic material, wherein the base has portions having different effective dielectric constants, and the radiation electrode A surface-mounted antenna characterized by being provided over portions having different effective dielectric constants. 前記基体は、実装面が前記実効誘電率の異なる部分で分けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の表面実装型アンテナ。 2. The surface mount antenna according to claim 1, wherein a mounting surface of the base body is divided by portions having different effective dielectric constants. 前記基体は、実装面が前記実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率が低い部分であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の表面実装型アンテナ。 2. The surface mount antenna according to claim 1, wherein the mounting surface is a portion having a low effective dielectric constant among the portions having different effective dielectric constants. 前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、比誘電率の異なる材料から成ることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の表面実装型アンテナ。 4. The surface mount antenna according to claim 1, wherein the portions having different effective dielectric constants are made of materials having different relative dielectric constants. 前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、体積の異なる部分から成ることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の表面実装型アンテナ。 4. The surface-mount antenna according to claim 1, wherein the portions having different effective dielectric constants are portions having different volumes. 前記実効誘電率の異なる部分は、密度の異なる材料から成ることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の表面実装型アンテナ。 4. The surface mount antenna according to claim 1, wherein the portions having different effective dielectric constants are made of materials having different densities. 実装基板の下面に電子部品が実装されているとともに、前記実装基板の上面に請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の表面実装型アンテナが、前記実効誘電率の異なる部分のうち実効誘電率の低い部分の実装面を前記電子部品に対向させて実装されていることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 An electronic component is mounted on the lower surface of the mounting substrate, and the surface mount antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting substrate. An antenna device, wherein a mounting surface having a low rate is mounted to face the electronic component. 請求項７記載のアンテナ装置と、それに接続された送信回路および受信回路の少なくとも１つとを具備することを特徴とする無線通信装置。 8. A wireless communication device comprising: the antenna device according to claim 7; and at least one of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit connected to the antenna device.
JP2004342837A 2004-11-26 2004-11-26 ANTENNA DEVICE AND RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE Expired - Fee Related JP4217205B2 (en)

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