JP2006119058A - Notation device for internal defect and position of arrangement of reinforcing bar - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a notation device for internal defects and the position of arrangement of reinforcing bars, capable of discriminating the internal defect, such as a hollow and the position of arrangement of reinforcing bars by using an electromagnetic wave radar, and marking them automatically on the concrete surface, and enabling efficient demolishment or repair work of a concrete structure. <P>SOLUTION: This device is characterized as follows: electromagnetic waves are irradiated directed toward the inside of the concrete structure; at least either of a hollow and arrangement of a reinforcing bar in a detection object is discriminated, based on an output signal by reflected electromagnetic waves reflected by the detection object existing inside the concrete structure; and at least either of the hollow and the arrangement of the reinforcing bar is marked differentiated on the concrete structure surface, based on the moving speed of the electromagnetic waves and the discrimination result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention detects a new internal structure that detects internal defects such as cavities existing in the concrete structure and rebars arranged, and dynamically indicates the internal defects and bar arrangement positions on the surface of the concrete structure. The present invention relates to a defect and bar arrangement position notation device.

  When drilling a concrete structure that constitutes a building during demolition work, repair work, or expansion work for a building, etc., it is necessary to know the position of the reinforcing bars installed inside the building and to properly use the concrete. It is necessary to sharpen. Also, if there is a large cavity even in the part that is not dismantled, it is important to know the position and repair it for safety. Buildings built several decades ago do not necessarily have rebars arranged according to the design drawings, and the drawings at that time may not have been stored. These were the bottlenecks of dismantling and repair work, such as the inability to accurately grasp.

  In addition, when there is no drawing, it is a method that partially breaks down some places and finds the approximate position of the bar arrangement. Since it was confirmed and marked on the concrete surface, there was a problem of poor work efficiency.

  In recent years, in order to solve this problem, for example, an electromagnetic wave radar is used to irradiate a concrete structure with electromagnetic waves, and a human confirms the bar arrangement position from the scanning distance and the detected image, and the marking is applied to the concrete surface based on this The method of doing has been adopted. However, even this method has a drawback that it is cumbersome and the work efficiency is poor because humans must perform marking.

  An object of the present invention is to identify an internal defect such as a cavity and a bar arrangement position using an electromagnetic wave radar, and automatically mark the surface of a concrete structure to efficiently dismantle and repair the concrete structure. An object of the present invention is to provide an internal defect and bar arrangement display device.

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave radar circuit unit that generates an electromagnetic wave, a transmission antenna that irradiates the electromagnetic wave toward the inside of the concrete structure, and a reflected electromagnetic wave that is reflected from an object to be detected that is present inside the concrete structure. Identify at least one of a receiving antenna for receiving, an amplifying unit for amplifying the received reflected electromagnetic wave, a signal processing unit for waveform processing based on the amplified output signal, and a cavity and a reinforcing bar in the detected object A determination unit that detects a movement speed of the electromagnetic wave radar circuit unit, a movement speed calculation unit that calculates a movement speed based on a detection signal from the speed sensor unit, and the calculation result and the identification result. A marking timing calculation unit for determining the timing for marking the concrete structure based on the calculation result of the marking timing And a marking device driven by the marking device, wherein the marking device applies at least one of the cavity and the reinforcing bar to the surface of the concrete structure as the marking based on an output signal from the determination unit. Defect and bar arrangement notation device.

  It is preferable that the marking device is of an ink jet type, and that the marking is identified and indicated by different colors for the cavity and the bar arrangement.

  That is, the present invention irradiates an electromagnetic wave toward the inside of a concrete structure, and the cavity in the detected object is based on an output signal by a reflected electromagnetic wave reflected from the detected object existing inside the concrete structure. In addition, the reinforcement is identified, and the surface of the concrete structure is marked by distinguishing the cavity and the reinforcement based on the moving speed of the electromagnetic wave and the identification result.

  According to the present invention, an electromagnetic wave radar is used to identify an internal defect such as a cavity and a bar arrangement position and automatically mark the surface of the concrete structure to efficiently dismantle and repair the concrete structure. An internal defect and bar arrangement notation device can be provided.

  1 is a principle view showing an internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a specific configuration of the internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof. 4 is a side view thereof. The internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device 1 includes an electromagnetic wave radar circuit 7, a control circuit 8, a transmission antenna 2, a reception antenna 3, a marking device 4 on one of side surfaces, and a speed sensor unit 8d described later. The detected object 6 existing inside the concrete structure 5 indicates, for example, a cavity or a reinforcing bar, and D is the depth of the detected object 6 from the surface of the concrete structure 5. The internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device 1 incorporates an electromagnetic wave radar circuit 7, a control circuit 8, and the like, and is provided with four wheels 10 on the lower side on both sides, which are the moving direction, so that it can travel in the plane direction. It is composed. When the electromagnetic wave 2 a emitted from the transmission antenna 2 hits the detected object 6, the reflected wave 3 a is received by the reception antenna 3. Although details will be described later, the type and depth of the detected object 6 are grasped based on the received signal, and the marking device 4 marks the surface of the concrete structure 5 with a predetermined color.

  Further, two handles 11 are provided in the vicinity of the left and right ends of the upper surface of the internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device 1, and a display panel 9 as a measurement display unit is provided in the center of the upper surface. Grasp the handle 11 by hand and move it on the surface of the concrete structure 5, display images of cavities and bar arrangements that are internal defects, detect their depth, and based on these results on the surface of the concrete structure 5 The above-described white motion notation for each color can be performed.

In order to calculate the depth D, a relational expression between a time To required from transmission of an electromagnetic wave to reception of a reflected wave and a propagation speed V of the electromagnetic wave in the concrete structure 5 is used.
D = V · To / 2
Here, the propagation speed V in the concrete structure 5 is determined by the relationship between the speed in vacuum and the relative dielectric constant of the concrete structure 5, and is obtained by the following calculation formula.
V = Vc / √εo
Vc: electromagnetic wave velocity in vacuum: 3.0 × 10 ⁸ m / s
[epsilon] o: Relative permittivity of concrete FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control circuit of the internal defect and bar arrangement notation device of the present invention. The control circuit 8 amplifies the reflected wave 3a received by the receiving antenna 3 by the amplifying unit 8a, processes the waveform by the signal processing unit 8b, and outputs a signal indicating whether the detected object 6 is a cavity or a reinforcing bar. To emit. Based on the result, at least one of the cavity and the bar arrangement is displayed on the measurement display unit 9 as an image. The determination unit 8c identifies whether the detected object 6 is a cavity or a reinforcement, and transmits the identification result to the marking device 4 and the marking timing calculation unit 8f.

  The speed sensor unit 8d includes, for example, a pulse generator having a plurality of magnet bodies that generate a pulse by rotating in synchronization with the rotation of the traveling wheel 10 with the movement of the internal defect and bar arrangement position notation device body 1. The sensor has a sensor for detecting the signal. After calculating the moving speed by the moving speed calculator 8e based on the signal from the sensor, the marking timing calculator 8f calculates the optimum timing of marking. The marking device 4 is driven on the basis of the calculation result and the identification result of the detected object 6, and the marking is performed on the surface of the concrete structure 5 with red for the cavity and blue for the reinforcement as will be described later. Since the bar arrangement is continuous, it is drawn linearly, but the cavities are rarely continuous, and most of them are drawn with dots. In these markings, in addition to identifying the hollow or the reinforcing bar by color, for example, a numeral indicating the depth D can be used in combination with a predetermined horizontal distance interval.

  The measurement display unit 9 can select and display any visually clear color such as red for the cavity, yellow for the size of the cavity, blue for the reinforcement, black for the depth D, etc., depending on the three primary colors. It is preferable to make it.

6 and 7 are diagrams each showing a detection waveform for explaining the principle of identifying a cavity and a metal (reinforcement). The waveforms in any of the figures are formed innumerable waveforms according to the frequency, and the outermost waveform is shown. The vertical direction represents the time axis, and the horizontal direction represents the tenth amplitude of the waveform. The electromagnetic wave emitted from the electromagnetic wave radar has the property that the form of reflection differs depending on the physical properties of the irradiated object, and the main properties are as follows.
(1) Electromagnetic waves are reflected at boundaries where the dielectric constant ε, conductivity ρ, and permeability μ are different.
(2) The phase of the reflected wave is determined by the ratio of the dielectric constant ε of the boundary surface.
(3) In the case of a cavity, the phase of the reflected wave is opposite to that of the incident wave.
(4) In the case of metal, the phase of the reflected wave is totally reflected with respect to the incident wave.

  Since the dielectric constant of concrete is about 10 and that of air is 1, this electrical characteristic changes from large to small at the boundary, so if there is a cavity due to the above properties, a reflected wave that is out of phase with the incident wave is generated. It will be. Therefore, in FIG. 6, if the incident wave emitted from the electromagnetic wave radar toward the inside of the concrete structure 5 is a fundamental wave (b), the cavity detection wave (a) detected as a reflected wave is indicated by a dotted line Bi. Thus, the waveform has a large amplitude in the opposite phase (one) direction. By subtracting the basic waveform from the cavity detection wave, the emphasized cavity output waveform Bo is obtained by reducing the noise in (c). The size of the cavity is determined by the amplitude of the cavity output waveform Bo and the time axis width, and can be described as a dangerous cavity if it exceeds a predetermined value.

  Further, when the object 6 to be detected is a metal, its dielectric constant is almost ∞, which is much larger than about 10 of concrete, and is totally reflected by the property (4). Accordingly, in FIG. 7, the metal detection wave (a) detected as the reflected wave has a waveform with a large amplitude in the in-phase (ten) direction, as indicated by the dotted line portion Mi. As in the case of the cavity, by subtracting the fundamental wave (b) from the metal detection wave, the emphasized metal output waveform Mo can be obtained by reducing the noise in (c).

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a measurement example when a cavity position is detected as an object to be detected. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the reflected waveform, which is the same waveform as in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 8, when the position of the cavity as the detected object 6 is directly below the radar, the electromagnetic wave radar notation apparatus main body 1 is moved in the order of (a), (b) and (c), The time T2 (b) for capturing the reflected wave is the shortest, and the time for capturing the reflected wave becomes longer as the distance from the position increases, as in T1 (a) and T3 (c). Since the time T2 for capturing the reflected wave from the cavity position is the shortest, the amplitude is large. The further away from the position, such as T1 and T3, the smaller the amplitude of the reflected wave. When the cavity position is Xt, the reflected wave amplitude values from the cavity at the front and rear Xt−1 and Xt + 1 are compared, and Xt at the maximum is determined as the marking position. The same method is used when detecting the metal position.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a method for calculating the timing timing for actual marking. It is necessary to determine the actual marking timing from the relationship between the moving speed of the electromagnetic wave radar notation device main body 1 and the position of the marking device 4 with respect to the cavity or reinforcement determined as the marking position. Due to the directivity of the radar antenna, an intermediate point P between the transmission antenna 2 and the reception antenna 3 becomes a detection position reference point of the detected object 6. When the detected object 6 is detected, the ink jet mechanism of the marking device 4 is operated by delaying a time corresponding to the distance Ds from the moving speed Vs of the internal defect and bar arrangement position notifying device 1.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a marking device showing the marking method of the present invention. The marking device 4 of the present embodiment is based on an ink jet system, and has the red color of the ink 4a and the blue color of the ink 4b. The red color of the ink 4a and the blue color of the ink 4b can be marked by distinguishing them by the electromagnetic valve 13 with the cavity being red and the bar arrangement being blue. Marking is performed by applying ink to the surface of the concrete structure 5 by the ink jet 4c like the mark 4d. Here, the inks 4a and 4b are preferably made of a synthetic resin paint that does not easily disappear with water and easily conforms to the surface of the concrete structure 5. The ink jet method has an advantage that the paint is not wasted because the ink is ejected only in a necessary coating amount.

  Since the bar arrangement is continuous, it is drawn linearly when scanned along the longitudinal direction of the bar arrangement, but it is continuous when scanned at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the bar arrangement. It is rare that the cavities are continuous, and most of them are drawn with dots. However, in a slightly larger cavity, it will be drawn as a collection of points.

  Also, by preparing the marking devices 4 each storing the three primary color inks, for example, the cavity is red, the cavity size is yellow, the reinforcement is blue, the depth D is black, etc. It is preferable that an arbitrary color can be selected and expressed.

  In the present embodiment, even when the wall surface of the concrete structure 5 is moved in the vertical direction, it may be performed by a human hand in the same manner as moving the horizontal plane, but when it is difficult to move to a high position, For example, the wireless automatic traveling device and the white motion suction disk may be installed in combination so that the vertical plane can be moved according to a predetermined program. According to this structure, it is applicable also when moving a wide horizontal surface.

  According to the present embodiment, by simply running and moving the surface of the concrete structure 5, it is possible to distinguish between the internal defects such as cavities and bar arrangements and to express dynamically, and the marking device is Since the ink jet system is used, the paint is not wasted, and the cavity and the reinforcing bar can be identified and indicated by different colors, so that the concrete structure can be disassembled and repaired efficiently.

It is a block diagram of the internal defect and bar arrangement notation device of the present invention. It is a top view of the internal defect and bar arrangement notation device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the internal defect and bar arrangement position notation apparatus of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the detection waveform explaining the identification principle of a cavity. It is a diagram which shows the detection waveform explaining the identification principle of a metal (bar arrangement). It is a block diagram which shows the example of a measurement in the case of detecting a cavity position as a to-be-detected object. It is a diagram which shows the reflected waveform in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the method of calculating the timing time which actually marks. It is a block diagram of the marking apparatus which shows the marking method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Internal defect and bar arrangement position description apparatus, 2 ... Transmitting antenna, 2a ... Transmitting wave, 3 ... Receiving antenna, 3a ... Reflected wave, 4 ... Marking apparatus, 5 ... Concrete structure, 6 ... Detected object, 7 ... Electromagnetic wave radar circuit unit, 8 ... control circuit, 8a ... amplification unit, 8b ... signal processing unit, 8c ... determination unit, 8d ... speed sensor unit, 8e ... moving speed calculation unit, 8f ... marking timing calculation unit, 9 ... display panel DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Wheel, 11 ... Handle, 12 ... Nozzle, 13 ... Solenoid valve.

Claims (3)

  An electromagnetic wave radar circuit unit that generates an electromagnetic wave, a transmission antenna that irradiates the electromagnetic wave toward the inside of the concrete structure, and a reception antenna that receives a reflected electromagnetic wave reflected from an object to be detected existing inside the concrete structure An amplification unit that amplifies the received reflected electromagnetic wave, a signal processing unit that performs waveform processing based on the amplified output signal, and a determination unit that identifies at least one of a cavity and a bar arrangement in the object to be detected A speed sensor unit for detecting a moving speed of the electromagnetic wave radar circuit unit; a moving speed calculating unit for calculating a moving speed based on a detection signal from the speed sensor unit; and the concrete based on the calculation result and the identification result. Marking timing calculation unit that determines the timing for marking on the structure and driven by the calculation result of the marking timing A marking device, and applying at least one of the cavity and the reinforcing bar as the marking to the surface of the concrete structure based on an output signal from the determination unit. Muscle position notation device.   2. The internal defect and bar arrangement notation device according to claim 1, wherein the marking device is an ink jet system. 3. The internal defect and bar arrangement position indicating device according to claim 1, wherein the marking is used to identify and describe the cavity and the bar arrangement in different colors.

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