JP2006010786A - Apparatus for photographing and displaying multi-viewing point three-dimensional image - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To photograph a multi-viewing point image having a relation that adjacent images can be three-dimensionally viewed by a parallel method by a single camera, and to display the three-dimensional image by using the photographed multi-viewing point image as it is. <P>SOLUTION: By photographing an object image through a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged concave lenses and convex lenses arranged overlapping the concave lenses, the multi-viewing point image arranged having the relation that the adjacent images can be three-dimensionally viewed by the parallel method can be photographed. The photographed multi-viewing point images are projected on a convex lens functioning as a screen through a lens plate where the convex lenses are arranged in accordance with respective images, and then, the user can view the multi-viewing point images as the three-dimensional image by observing the transmitted light. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for stereoscopically displaying a subject by photographing the subject from a plurality of viewpoints and making them visible from different angles.

  For stereoscopic photographs that are currently popular, two-viewpoint images corresponding to the left and right eyes are photographed, and three-dimensional photographs that obtain a stereoscopic effect by viewing them with the left and right eyes, or a larger number of viewpoint images. However, there are things that make these visible from different angles.

  The former two-viewpoint 3D image can be taken by arranging two cameras side by side, or using a dedicated 3D camera with two photographic lenses, or a single-lens reflex camera with a 3D adapter. Taken. In order to view this as a three-dimensional photograph, it is common to print two images side by side and learn a method called intersection method or parallel method, or observe it using a simple viewer. In order to simultaneously observe by a large number of people, there is a method in which right and left images are projected onto a screen using orthogonal two polarized light, and this is observed using polarized glasses.

On the other hand, the latter 3D image is taken with multiple cameras arranged side by side or by using a dedicated 3D camera with a large number of shooting lenses. There are methods such as projecting onto a special screen, or processing and synthesizing multi-viewpoint images to create lenticular stereoscopic photographs.
JP 2003-307800 JP

  When the left and right viewpoint images are captured using two cameras, it is necessary to arrange the left and right viewpoint images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition in order to view them using the intersection method, the parallel method, or the viewer. If you shoot with a two-lens stereoscopic camera, the left and right viewpoint images that are arranged in a crossing manner are formed side by side on the film, so if you use a viewer corresponding to this arrangement, you can observe it as it is, but the parallel method arrangement is If necessary, it must be sorted. The same applies to a stereoscopic camera having three or more lenses. In a stereoscopic camera that connects multiple viewpoint images on a single film with a large number of lenses, the relationship in which adjacent images can be observed stereoscopically by the crossing method, that is, When it is an erect image, the right viewpoint image is aligned to the left and the left viewpoint image is aligned to the right.

  On the other hand, if you use a single-lens reflex camera with a three-dimensional photography adapter that uses a mirror, the parallel view, that is, the left-right viewpoint, with the right-viewpoint image on the right and the left-viewpoint image on the left when the erect image is used Although an image can be obtained, an optical system using this mirror is difficult to apply when photographing three or more viewpoint images. As described above, in the conventional technique, when three or more multi-viewpoint images are photographed, it is not possible to photograph such that adjacent images are in the positional relationship of the parallel method. The first object of the present invention is to automatically obtain a multi-viewpoint image having a positional relationship of the parallel method even when shooting three or more multi-viewpoints and a multi-viewpoint image divided two-dimensionally vertically and horizontally. It is to implement | achieve the imaging device used.

  The multi-viewpoint images in the positional relationship of the parallel method obtained in this way are all installed on the screen of the convex lens (generally using a Fresnel lens) by installing a projection lens corresponding to each viewpoint image. It is possible to display by projecting the viewpoint images so as to overlap each other (when a multi-viewpoint image that is in a crossing positional relationship is displayed in the same way, an unnatural three-dimensional image whose perspective is reversed). At this time, there is a problem that there is a position where the image cannot be seen depending on the position of the eyes of the observer. A second problem of the present invention is to realize a display device that displays a multi-viewpoint image having a positional relationship of the parallel method by projecting and displaying the image in a predetermined viewing zone without being interrupted. .

  Claim 1 of the present invention is a photographing apparatus comprising a plurality of concave lenses arranged two-dimensionally, a convex lens placed so as to overlap therewith, and a camera for photographing an image of a subject through these convex lenses. A stereoscopic image photographing apparatus characterized in that the distance from the lens to the camera lens is longer than the focal length of the convex lens.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of viewpoint images arranged two-dimensionally, and a lens plate in which a plurality of convex lenses corresponding to the image at a predetermined distance from each other are arranged without gaps. A display device that projects onto a single convex lens so that the images of the viewpoint overlap, wherein the distance from the lens plate to the convex lens of the screen is longer than the focal length of the convex lens of the screen. is there.

  Claim 3 of the present invention is a photographing apparatus comprising two concave lenses arranged side by side, a convex lens placed so as to overlap therewith, and a camera for photographing an image of a subject through the convex lenses, A stereoscopic image capturing apparatus characterized in that a distance to the lens of the camera is longer than a focal length of the convex lens.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an image of each viewpoint is obtained by a lens plate in which two left and right viewpoint images are arranged side by side and two convex lenses corresponding to the image are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance. A display device that projects onto a single convex lens so as to overlap with each other, wherein the distance from the lens plate to the convex lens of the screen is longer than the focal length of the convex lens of the screen.

  According to the stereoscopic image photographing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to photograph a multi-viewpoint image having a positional relationship in which adjacent images can be observed by a parallel method with a single camera. The captured multi-viewpoint image can be displayed as it is on the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention without rearranging the images.

  Furthermore, in the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention, each viewpoint image is switched according to the position of the eye to be seen, and stereoscopic vision is realized by capturing the images of different viewpoints on the left and right eyes. In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention, the images are continuously switched within a predetermined viewing zone, and the images are not interrupted and cannot be seen.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an optical system of a stereoscopic image photographing apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention. Each of the following embodiments represents only the optical system, and a case and a structural material for housing the optical system are omitted. This optical system includes a lens plate 1 in which concave lenses are arranged in 3 rows and 4 columns, a convex lens 2 placed so as to overlap therewith, and a camera 3 that captures an image of the subject 4 through them. FIG. 2 shows a plan view seen from the side. Since the distance A from the convex lens 2 to the lens 5 of the camera 3 is longer than the focal length F of the convex lens 2, the ray trajectory from the convex lens 2 to the lens 5 through the center of each concave lens of the lens plate 1 is B = ( AF) / FA intersects at a position separated by a distance B which is FA, and an image photographed through each concave lens has a common photographing frame at this position, and the position of the image of the lens 5 by each concave lens is taken as a viewpoint. You can see that it is an image. As a result, a multi-view image of 3 rows and 4 columns is formed upside down on the imaging surface 6 of the camera 3 and photographed.

  When viewed as an erect image, the multi-viewpoint image captured in this way has a positional relationship in which adjacent images can be stereoscopically viewed by the parallel method. The inventor has invented a device for taking a correct stereoscopic image using a lens sheet in which concave lenses are arranged for a lens plate type stereoscopic photograph, and has already been filed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-307800. The three-dimensional image photographing apparatus of the present invention is applied to photographing a multi-viewpoint image.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an optical system of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention. A multi-viewpoint image 7 (inverted image) photographed by the stereoscopic image photographing device of FIG. 1 is projected onto the convex lens 9 by each lens of the lens plate 8 in which convex lenses are arranged in 3 rows and 4 columns. FIG. 4 shows a plan view seen from above. Here, if the focal length of the convex lens of the lens plate 8 is f, 1 / f = 1 / C + 1 / D is established, and the projection magnification is D / C. Further, when the pitch of the convex lenses of the lens plate 8 is P, if the pitch of each image of the multi-viewpoint image 7 is P (1 + C / D), all the viewpoint images are projected on the convex lens 9. On the other hand, if the focal length of the convex lens 9 is G, G is smaller than D, and the image 10 of the lens plate 8 is formed at a position separated by a distance E which is E = (DG) / DG. At this time, if the pitch W of the convex lens image of the image 10 is smaller than the distance between the left and right eyes of the person, the left and right eyes of the person observing from this position will see images of different viewpoints and are recognized as stereoscopic images. Since the images of the lens plate 10 are connected without interruption, there is no position where the stereoscopic image cannot be seen within the width of the image 10. Furthermore, even when the eye position moves up and down according to the same principle, the viewpoint images of the three rows arranged in the vertical direction appear to be switched, and a realistic stereoscopic effect can be felt.

  As can be understood from the above description, in order to observe a stereoscopic image with this apparatus, it is most preferable to observe at a position away from the convex lens 9 by the distance E. May appear mixed. This is a big problem when the number of lenses of the lens plate 8 is as small as 3 rows and 4 columns as in the present embodiment. Because there is less difference between adjacent viewpoint images, even if they look mixed, they do not feel very unnatural. In the present invention, by changing the lens plates 1 and 8, the number of viewpoints can be easily increased in both photographing and display.

  In the three-dimensional image capturing apparatus of the present invention, a film camera, a digital camera, a video camera, or the like can be used as the camera 3, and a moving image can be captured as well as a still image. In the three-dimensional image display device of the present invention, the multi-viewpoint image 7 can use a display surface of a video monitor in addition to a photographic paper, a film or a still image printed by a photo quality printer, and can display a moving image. it can.

  The principle of the present invention is particularly effective when shooting and displaying a large number of viewpoint images arranged vertically and horizontally, but can also be applied when shooting and displaying a conventional left and right viewpoint image. Also in this case, the photographing apparatus can take a stereoscopic image only by adding a lens plate and a convex lens to a conventional camera, and the display apparatus has an advantage that it is less tiring and easier to observe than a conventional viewer.

  FIG. 5 shows a stereoscopic image photographing apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention. This apparatus is a simple camera in which a lens plate 11 in which two concave lenses are arranged on a normal camera 3 and a convex lens 12 are added, and images taken thereby are arranged in a positional relationship observed by a parallel method. It becomes a viewpoint image.

  FIG. 6 shows a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention. In this apparatus, left and right viewpoint images in a parallel relationship are inverted and placed, and these images are projected onto a convex lens 14 by a lens plate 13 in which two convex lenses are arranged. In this apparatus, the display frame exists at the position of the convex lens 14, and when observing this, it is only necessary to adjust the focus of the eye to the position of the convex lens 14, and the display frame and the focus surface coincide with each other, so that natural observation is possible. There is little feeling of fatigue.

  1 and 5, the positional relationship between the lens plate 1 and the convex lens 2 and between the lens plate 11 and the convex lens 12 may be reversed. The same applies to the layout in which the lens plate is placed on the camera side and the convex lens is placed on the subject side. Function can be realized. It is also possible to arrange concave lenses on one side and make the other side a convex lens as an integral part.

  Furthermore, a large-diameter lens is used for the convex lens 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the convex lens 9 in FIGS. 3 and 4, but by using a Fresnel lens, it can be realized at a light weight and at a low cost. Similarly, a Fresnel lens can be used for the convex lens 12 of FIG. 5 and the convex lens 14 of FIG.

  The stereoscopic image photographing apparatus of the present invention may be commercialized as a dedicated stereoscopic camera by applying it to a film camera or a digital camera, or may be a product such as a single lens reflex interchangeable lens as an option of a normal camera. Is possible. Basically, the photographing device and the display device are used as a set, but they may be used in combination with another display device or photographing device having the same function. For example, it is possible to enjoy what was photographed by the stereoscopic image photographing apparatus of the present invention by a viewer using another parallel method, and display a multi-viewpoint image drawn by CG on the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention. The usage such as is also possible.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to shooting moving images using a video camera and used as a stereoscopic television.

An embodiment of a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus according to claim 1. FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. An embodiment of a stereoscopic image display device according to claim 2. It is the top view which looked at the apparatus of FIG. 3 from upper direction. It is the Example of the stereo image imaging device by Claim 3. An embodiment of a stereoscopic image display device according to claim 4.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lens plate 2 with a concave lens arranged ... Convex lens 3 ... Camera 4 ... Subject 5 ... Camera lens 6 ... Imaging surface 7 ... Multi-viewpoint image 8 image | photographed ··· Lens plate 9 with convex lenses aligned ··· Convex lens 10 ··· Image 11 of lens plate · · · Lens plate 12 with two concave lenses aligned · · · Convex lens 13 · · · Two convex lenses aligned Lens plate 14 ... Convex lens R ... Image for right eye L ... Image for left eye

Claims (4)

An imaging device comprising a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged concave lenses, a convex lens placed so as to overlap therewith, and a camera for photographing an image of a subject through these lenses, the distance from the convex lens to the lens of the camera Is a longer than the focal length of the convex lens. A plurality of viewpoint images arranged two-dimensionally and a lens plate on which a plurality of convex lenses corresponding to the images at a predetermined distance from each other are arranged without gaps so that the images of the viewpoints overlap each other. A display device projected onto one convex lens, wherein the distance from the lens plate to the convex lens of the screen is longer than the focal length of the convex lens of the screen. An imaging apparatus comprising two concave lenses arranged side by side, a convex lens placed so as to overlap therewith, and a camera that captures an image of a subject through them, the distance from the convex lens to the lens of the camera being A three-dimensional image photographing device characterized by being longer than the focal length of the convex lens. The left and right viewpoint images and a lens plate in which two convex lenses corresponding to the images are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance to form a single convex lens so that the images of each viewpoint overlap. A three-dimensional image display device, wherein the distance from the lens plate to the convex lens of the screen is longer than the focal length of the convex lens of the screen.

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