JP2005352321A - Polarizing plate, liquid crystal display element using the same, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polarizing plate that is inexpensive, lightweight and can be used for a liquid crystal display element, etc., on which stereoscopic images can be observed with polarizing glasses and that has high production efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The polarizing plate includes: a substrate, a resin layer formed on the substrate and having a pattern of recesses or projections; and a polarizing layer formed on the resin layer and contains dichromatic dye. The resin layer has a plurality of alignments of recesses. At least one of the plurality of alignments of recesses extends in a direction different from the other alignments of recesses. The polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing areas. The absorption axis of at least one of the plurality of polarizing areas faces a direction different from the absorption axes of the other polarizing areas.Providing such a polarizing plate attains the above-mentioned purpose. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a polarizing plate used for a liquid crystal display element or the like capable of observing a stereoscopic image with polarized glasses, for example.

  Conventionally, as a stereoscopic image display method, a binocular stereoscopic image that is displayed as a stereoscopic image by showing different images in which the same object is recorded from different viewpoints, that is, a left eye image and a right eye image, is displayed on the left and right eyes. An image display method is known. In order to realize this stereoscopic image display method, several methods have been developed, and are roughly divided into a method using glasses and a method using no glasses.

  As a method using glasses, a left-eye image and a right-eye image are displayed with different polarizations, and a polarization method for viewing a stereoscopic image by wearing polarized glasses (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3), left eye A two-color separation system that displays images and right-eye images in different colors, and displays stereoscopic images by wearing color filter glasses, and displays left-eye images and right-eye images alternately, and wears liquid-crystal shutter glasses. A maintenance separation method for viewing a stereoscopic image (for example, Patent Document 4) can be mentioned. However, the above two-color separation method has a problem that it is not suitable for color display because the displayable colors are limited when displaying the left and right images in color. Further, the liquid crystal shutter glasses used in the above maintenance separation method are heavy, and fatigue due to long-term use is inevitable. Furthermore, although the polarized glasses used in the above-described polarization method are light and inexpensive, this method requires two display devices in order to separately display the left and right images with light having different polarizations. There is a problem that becomes complicated and expensive.

  On the other hand, as a method that does not use glasses, a parallax barrier method in which a stereoscopic image is obtained by alternately displaying a left eye image and a right eye image in a vertical stripe shape through extremely thin vertical stripe slits (for example, Patent Documents) 5) and a lenticular lens that can be stereoscopically viewed by continuously displaying the left-eye image and the right-eye image in the form of vertical stripes through the focal plane of the lenticular sheet formed so that the focal plane matches the back surface. The system (for example, patent document 6) etc. are mentioned. However, in the above parallax barrier method, glasses are unnecessary, but since the amount of light is reduced by the slit, it is difficult to display a bright image, and the vertical stripes of the parallax barrier are obstructive and the image quality is impaired. . Further, if the pitch of the slits is made fine in order to eliminate the obstruction caused by the vertical stripes, the directivity spreads due to the diffraction phenomenon, making it difficult to separate the left and right images. In addition, the lenticular lens system also has a problem that vertical stripes are likely to be obstructive because images are formed in vertical stripes as in the case of the parallax barrier. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide an optical structure such as a lens. In any of the methods, it is necessary to precisely align the slits and lenses corresponding to the pixels, and there is a problem that the manufacturing process is complicated.

  By the way, in order to solve the problem that the display device in the above-described polarization method is complicated and expensive, Patent Document 1 discloses a mosaic polarization layer in which absorption axes are orthogonal between adjacent pixels. A display device attached to the outside has been proposed. This method has an advantage that only one display device is required. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stereoscopic image display apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this stereoscopic image display device, two types of polarizing layers 103 and 104 whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other are alternately arranged on the front surface of a display screen of a display device main body 101 having right-eye pixels 106 and left-eye pixels 107. The left and right images are separated, and the separated left and right images can be stereoscopically viewed by observing them through polarizing glasses 107 having different absorption axes. The display device main body 101 has a pair of glass substrates 102a and 102b with a liquid crystal layer 105 interposed therebetween, and the pixels 106 and 107 are formed on the liquid crystal layer 105 side of one glass substrate 102a, and an alignment film 110a is formed thereon. Is formed, and a polarizing plate 108 is provided on the opposite side. A transparent electrode 109b and an alignment film 110b are formed in this order on the liquid crystal layer 105 side of the other glass substrate 102b. However, in this method, as shown in FIG. 13, a glass substrate 102b is interposed between the right-eye pixel 106 and the left-eye pixel 107, and the right-eye polarizing layer 103 and the left-eye polarizing layer 104 of the display device body 101. doing. Therefore, a normal stereoscopic image is observed when viewed from the front direction. However, when the observer's viewing position moves up, down, left, and right, the right-eye pixel 106 passes through the left-eye polarizing layer 104 and the left-eye pixel. Since the pixel 107 is observed through the right-eye polarizing layer 103, a phenomenon (crosstalk) occurs in which the images for the left and right eyes are mixed in the opposite eyes, and there is a problem that a normal stereoscopic image cannot be obtained. . Further, when a liquid crystal display device is used as the display device, there is no specific description about the position of the polarizing layer disposed opposite to the liquid crystal display device.

  Therefore, Patent Document 2 is a stereoscopic image display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates, in which a polarizing layer and an electrode are formed on opposing surfaces of the upper and lower substrates, and the polarizing layer is There has been proposed a stereoscopic image display device that is formed in a pattern so that absorption axes are orthogonal between adjacent pixels. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stereoscopic image display apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2. This stereoscopic image display device 210 has a pair of glass substrates 201a and 201b disposed to face each other, and on one glass substrate 201a, a polarizing layer 202a for the right eye whose absorption axis is orthogonal to each adjacent pixel. And a left-eye polarizing layer 202b are formed. A striped transparent electrode 204a made of ITO is formed on the polarizing layers 202a and 202b. A striped color filter 205 is provided on the opposite glass substrate 201b so as to be orthogonal to the transparent electrode 204a. On the color filter 205, a right-eye polarizing layer 206a and a left-eye polarizing layer 206b are formed. The right-eye polarizing layer 206a and the left-eye polarizing layer 206b are in a state where the absorption axes are orthogonal to each other in adjacent pixels, and are in a state orthogonal to the respective absorption axes of the polarizing layers 202a and 202b. A striped transparent electrode 204b is formed on the polarizing layers 206a and 206b so as to be orthogonal to the transparent electrode 204a. The overlapping portion of the stripe-shaped transparent electrode 204b and the stripe-shaped transparent electrode 204a orthogonal to each other constitutes the above-described pixel. The two substrates 201a and 201b configured as described above are bonded together via a spacer (not shown), and a liquid crystal layer 203 is formed in a portion surrounded by both the substrates 201a and 201b.

  In the above three-dimensional image display device, the arrangement position of the polarizing layers arranged opposite to each other is clear, and by the configuration as described above, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional image by a large number of people with inexpensive and lightweight polarizing glasses. In addition, there is an advantage that a good stereoscopic image can be observed by eliminating the crosstalk generated with the movement of the observer's head. However, as a polarizing layer, a film in which polycarbonate is uniaxially stretched is adsorbed and oriented with iodine or a dichroic dye, and it is very difficult to form such a polarizing layer in a pattern in which the absorption axes are orthogonal to each other. It is a complicated process. Thus, in order to manufacture a polarizing plate having a polarizing layer having a plurality of regions with different absorption axes on the same substrate, there is a problem that a very complicated manufacturing process is required.

JP 58-184929 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-265071 JP 10-268233 A JP 2002-101427 A JP 10-268232 A JP 2003-29205 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can provide a polarizing plate that can be used for a liquid crystal display element and the like capable of observing a stereoscopic image with inexpensive and lightweight polarizing glasses, and has high manufacturing efficiency. Is the main purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a pattern-like concave portion or convex portion, formed on the resin layer, and a dichroic dye. A polarizing plate having a polarizing layer containing, wherein the resin layer has a plurality of recess alignment regions, and at least one recess alignment region of the plurality of recess alignment regions has a recess of another recess alignment region. Aligned in a direction different from the concave portion, and the polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions, and the absorption axis of at least one polarizing region of the plurality of polarizing regions is different from the absorption axis of the other polarizing regions. A polarizing plate characterized by being oriented is provided.

  According to the present invention, since a resin layer having a pattern-like concave portion or convex portion is formed, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating liquid containing, for example, a dichroic dye on the resin layer. The dichroic dye can be oriented by the recesses on the surface. Since the resin layer has a plurality of recess alignment regions having different recess alignment directions, the dichroic dye is oriented in different directions corresponding to the recess alignment direction. A region is formed. As described above, in the present invention, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be efficiently formed by forming a resin layer having a plurality of concave alignment regions having different concave alignment directions. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a polarizing plate with good production efficiency.

  In the above invention, the resin layer has two types of concave alignment regions, a first concave alignment region and a second concave alignment region, and the polarizing layer includes two types of a first polarizing region and a second polarizing region. It is preferable to have the above polarizing region. For example, when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, it is possible to visually recognize a stereoscopic image by wearing polarized glasses.

  In the present invention, the alignment direction of the recesses in the first recess alignment region is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the recesses in the second recess alignment region, and the absorption axis of the first polarization region is the second. It is preferable to be orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizing region. This is because the polarizing plate of the present invention can be used for, for example, a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing by a polarization method.

  Furthermore, in the said invention, the said dichroic dye forms a column structure, and it is preferable that the said column structure is orientated along the recessed part of the said resin layer. This is because the dichroic dye is oriented corresponding to the alignment direction of the concave portions of the resin layer, so that a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed.

  The present invention also provides a first substrate having the polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, and a second substrate having the polarizing plate, the second electrode, and the second alignment film. A liquid crystal display in which a substrate is disposed such that a first alignment film of the first substrate and a second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and a liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second Provided is a liquid crystal display element characterized by facing a first polarizing region of a polarizing layer of a substrate.

  According to the present invention, by arranging the absorption axes of the polarizing regions facing each other of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate to be different from each other (for example, orthogonal directions), for example, three-dimensionally by the polarization method. It can be set as the liquid crystal display element which can observe an image. Further, as described above, since the resin layer has the first concave portion alignment region and the second concave portion alignment region having different concave portion alignment directions, the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region having different absorption axes can be obtained. Since the polarizing layer can be easily formed, for example, when manufacturing a liquid crystal display element capable of three-dimensional display, there is an advantage that the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

  The present invention also provides a first substrate having the polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, and a second substrate having the polarizing plate, the second electrode, and the second alignment film. Is arranged so that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and a liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second substrate The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer is opposed to the second polarizing region.

  According to the present invention, by arranging the polarization axes of the polarizing regions of the first substrate and the second substrate facing each other to be parallel to each other, a liquid crystal display element capable of observing a stereoscopic image by, for example, a polarization method is provided. Can do. Further, as described above, such a liquid crystal display element can be manufactured efficiently.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a coating step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate or a substrate for forming a recess having a convex portion, the substrate and the substrate for forming a recess with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween. An overlapping step, a curing step in which the curable resin composition is cured to form a curable resin, and a recess is formed by peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin. A resin layer forming step of forming a resin layer by performing a recess forming step;
A polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied on the resin layer, the dichroic dye is oriented by the recesses of the resin layer, and the orientation state of the dichroic dye is fixed. A polarizing layer forming step of forming a polarizing layer by,
The concave portion forming substrate has a plurality of convex alignment regions, and a convex portion of at least one convex alignment region of the plurality of convex alignment regions is in a direction different from a convex portion of another convex alignment region. Provided is a polarizing plate manufacturing method characterized by being aligned.

  According to the present invention, since the concave portion forming substrate has a plurality of convex portion alignment regions having different convex portion alignment directions, the resin layer in which the concave portion corresponding to the convex portion is formed is a concave portion. As described above, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed, for example, three-dimensional display is possible. It is possible to efficiently manufacture a polarizing plate used for a liquid crystal display element.

  In the above invention, the concave portion forming substrate preferably has two types of convex portion alignment regions, a first convex portion alignment region and a second convex portion alignment region. For example, when the polarizing plate manufactured according to the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by wearing polarized glasses.

  Moreover, in the said invention, the alignment direction of the convex part of the said 1st convex part alignment area | region of the said recessed part formation board | substrate is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the convex part of the said 2nd convex part alignment area | region. preferable. This is because the polarizing plate produced according to the present invention can be used for a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing, for example, by a polarization method.

  Further, in the present invention, the dichroic dye forms a column structure and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in the polarizing layer forming coating solution, and the column structure is aligned along the concave portion of the resin layer. It is preferable. This is because the dichroic dye is easily oriented in accordance with the alignment direction of the concave portions of the resin layer, so that a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be efficiently formed.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the method of bridge | crosslinking the said dichroic dye is used in the said polarizing layer formation process, in order to fix the orientation state of the said dichroic dye. This is because a polarizing layer having a high degree of polarization and excellent heat resistance can be formed by crosslinking the dichroic dye.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable that in the polarizing layer forming step, a coating method in which shear stress is not applied to the polarizing layer forming coating solution is used when the polarizing layer forming coating solution is applied. This is because if a coating method that requires shearing stress is used, the dichroic dye may be oriented in the coating direction, and it may be difficult to orient due to the concave portion of the resin layer.

The present invention also provides a first polarizing plate forming step for forming the first polarizing plate by the above-described method for manufacturing a polarizing plate, between the base material and the resin layer of the first polarizing plate, or the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate. A first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer thereon, and a first alignment film forming step of forming a first alignment film on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer; A first substrate forming step of forming the first substrate by,
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer formed between the substrate and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate The two polarizing regions and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed to each other, And a liquid crystal layer forming step for forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

  According to the present invention, a polarizing plate having polarizing regions with different absorption axes can be formed by using the polarizing plate manufacturing method described above, and thus, for example, a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing is manufactured by a polarizing method. When it does, it has the advantage that the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

The present invention also provides a first polarizing plate forming step for forming the first polarizing plate by the above-described method for manufacturing a polarizing plate, between the base material and the resin layer of the first polarizing plate, or the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate. A first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer thereon, and a first alignment film forming step of forming a first alignment film on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer; A first substrate forming step of forming the first substrate by,
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer formed between the substrate and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces each other. The second polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed to each other, And a liquid crystal layer forming step for forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

  According to the present invention, a polarizing plate having polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be formed by using the above-described method for manufacturing a polarizing plate. It is possible to manufacture well.

  In the present invention, by forming the resin layer having a plurality of recess alignment regions having different alignment directions of the recesses, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarization regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed. There is an effect that it is possible to improve the manufacturing efficiency of a polarizing plate used for a liquid crystal display element or the like that can observe a stereoscopic image by a polarization method.

  Hereinafter, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal display element, and the production method thereof of the present invention will be described in detail.

A. Polarizing plate First, the polarizing plate of the present invention will be described.
The polarizing plate of the present invention includes a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a patterned concave or convex portion, a polarizing layer formed on the resin layer and containing a dichroic dye, The resin layer has a plurality of recess alignment regions, and at least one recess alignment region of the plurality of recess alignment regions has a different direction from the recesses of the other recess alignment regions. The polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions, and the absorption axis of at least one polarizing region of the plurality of polarizing regions is oriented in a direction different from the absorption axis of the other polarizing regions. It is a feature.

  The polarizing plate of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the polarizing plate of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic plan view showing an example of a resin layer used in the polarizing plate of the present invention, and FIG. It is a schematic plan view of the polarizing layer used for the polarizing plate of invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a polarizing plate 11 of the present invention is formed on a base material 1, a resin layer 2 formed on the base material 1 and having a pattern-like recess, and formed on the resin layer 2. And a polarizing layer 3 containing a chromatic dye. Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the resin layer 2 has a first recess alignment region 21 and a second recess alignment region 22. As shown in FIG. 3, the first concave portion alignment region 21 and the second concave portion alignment region 22 have the respective concave portions aligned in different directions. In FIG. 3, the recesses of the first recess alignment region 21 are aligned from the front to the back of the page, and the recesses of the second recess alignment region 22 are aligned in the transverse direction of the page. That is, in FIG. 2A, the recesses of the first recess alignment region 21 are aligned in the direction of the arrow 31, and the recesses of the second recess alignment region 22 are aligned in the direction of the arrow 32.

  Further, in the present invention, for example, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on a resin layer having a pattern-like recess or protrusion, the above-mentioned dichroism is caused by the recess on the surface of the resin layer. Since the dye can be oriented, for example, for forming a polarizing layer containing a dichroic dye on the resin layer 2 having the first recess alignment region 21 and the second recess alignment region 22 as shown in FIG. When the coating liquid is applied, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first polarizing region 23 and the second polarizing region 24 having different orientation directions of the dichroic dye, that is, absorption axes are formed. Here, the arrow 33 indicates the absorption axis of the first polarizing region 23, and the arrow 34 indicates the absorption axis of the second polarizing region 24.

  Thus, in the present invention, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed by forming a resin layer having a plurality of concave aligning regions having different concave alignment directions. Therefore, it is not necessary to repeatedly perform patterning in order to form polarizing regions having different absorption axes as in the prior art, and a polarizing plate with high manufacturing efficiency can be obtained.

In addition, as described above, when the polarizing layer has the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region having different absorption axes, the polarizing glasses are worn when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used for the liquid crystal display element. This makes it possible to visually recognize a stereoscopic image.
Hereinafter, each structure of such a polarizing plate is demonstrated.

1. Resin layer The resin layer used in the present invention has a pattern-like concave portion or convex portion on the surface, and has a plurality of concave portion alignment regions. In addition, the recesses of at least one recess alignment area among the plurality of recess alignment areas are aligned in a different direction from the recesses of the other recess alignment areas.

  In the present invention, the resin layer is not particularly limited as long as the resin layer has a plurality of recess alignment regions having different alignment directions of the recesses. Among them, for example, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to have a concave alignment area (first concave alignment area 21 and second concave alignment area 22). Thereby, when the polarizing plate of this invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, a three-dimensional image can be observed by a polarization system.

  When the resin layer has two types of recess alignment areas, a first recess alignment area and a second recess alignment area, the alignment direction of the recesses in the first recess alignment area and the alignment direction of the recesses in the second recess alignment area are: The direction is not particularly limited as long as the direction is different, but is preferably orthogonal. This is because the polarizing plate of the present invention can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing by a polarization method.

  Here, the alignment direction of the recesses means the direction in which the recesses are formed, and differs depending on the shape of the recesses or protrusions described later. For example, when the shape of the pattern of the concave portion or the convex portion is a stripe shape, the alignment direction of the concave portion is the longitudinal direction of the stripe shape.

  The angle formed by the alignment direction of the recesses in the first recess alignment region and the alignment direction of the recesses in the second recess alignment region is preferably orthogonal, but specifically 90 ° ± 5 It is preferable that it is (degree), and it is preferable that it is especially 90 degrees +/- 1 degree. The angle can be measured using an AFM (atomic force microscope).

  The shape of the pattern of the concave portion or the convex portion is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape capable of orienting a dichroic dye, which will be described later, by this concave portion and forming a polarizing layer. A pattern that is regularly formed in a stripe at regular intervals is preferable. This is because the dichroic dye can be easily oriented by the stripe-shaped recess.

  The width of the recess is appropriately selected depending on the type of dichroic dye described below, but is usually within the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, preferably within the range of 0.2 μm to 1 μm, and particularly 0.2 μm. It is preferable to be in the range of ~ 0.4 μm. Forming the width of the concave portion narrower than the above range is difficult in terms of the manufacturing method. Conversely, if the width of the concave portion is too wide, it may be difficult to arrange the column structure made of the dichroic dye. Because. Here, the width of the concave portion is, for example, the width indicated by a in FIG. 4 and refers to the width of the portion formed in a concave shape.

  Further, the depth of the concave portion is preferably within a range of 0.05 μm to 1 μm, and more preferably within a range of 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm. If the depth of the recess is too shallow, the ability to orient the column structure composed of the dichroic dye will be low. Conversely, if the depth of the recess is too deep, the polarizing layer forming coating solution containing the dichroic dye will be resin. This is because uneven coating may occur when coating on the layer. Here, the depth of the recess is, for example, the depth indicated by b in FIG. 4 and refers to the height from the deepest portion in the recess to the end of the recess.

  Furthermore, when the pattern of the recesses is striped, the interval between the recesses varies depending on the type of dichroic dye described later, but usually the interval between the ends of the adjacent recesses and the ends of the recesses, that is, the protrusions. Is not more than half of the wavelength of visible light, preferably in the range of 0.05 μm to 2 μm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 μm to 1 μm, particularly in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm. It is preferable. It is difficult to make the interval between the ends of adjacent recesses narrower than the above range, and conversely, if the interval between the ends of adjacent recesses is too wide, a column structure made of a dichroic dye is arranged. This may be difficult. Further, if the distance between the end of the adjacent recess and the end of the recess is a value close to the wavelength of visible light, there is a possibility that problems such as optical coloring may occur due to light diffraction. Here, the space | interval of the edge of an adjacent recessed part and the edge of a recessed part is a space | interval shown by c of FIG. 4, for example.

  The pitch of the recesses is appropriately selected depending on the type of dichroic dye described below, but is usually within the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, preferably within the range of 0.2 μm to 1 μm, particularly 0. It is preferable to be within the range of 2 μm to 0.4 μm. It is difficult to make the pitch of the recesses narrower than the above range in terms of the manufacturing method. Conversely, if the pitch of the recesses is too wide, it may be difficult to arrange the column structure made of the dichroic dye. Because. Here, the pitch of the recesses is, for example, the pitch indicated by d in FIG. 4 and refers to the distance from the center of the adjacent recesses to the center of the recesses.

  The cross-sectional shape of the concave portion is not particularly limited. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the concave portion may be a rectangle as shown in FIG. 1 or other cross-sectional shape such as a trapezoid. It is preferable that there is. This is because the column structure made of the dichroic dye can be easily aligned and oriented in a certain direction.

  In the present invention, the arrangement of the first concave portion alignment region and the second concave portion alignment region is not particularly limited as long as it is an arrangement that enables stereoscopic display when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used in a liquid crystal display element. For example, a stripe arrangement as shown in FIG. 5 (FIG. 5A), a mosaic arrangement (FIG. 5B), a delta arrangement (FIG. 5C) and the like can be mentioned. Among these, a stripe arrangement is preferable.

  In addition, the area ratio of the first recess alignment area and the second recess alignment area is not particularly limited as long as the area ratio enables three-dimensional display when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used in a liquid crystal display element. The area ratio is preferably about 1: 1. Thereby, the area ratio of the 1st polarizing area of the polarizing layer mentioned later and the 2nd polarizing area can also be made into the above-mentioned range, and when using the polarizing plate of the present invention for a liquid crystal display element, for example, polarization of upper and lower polarizing plates Of the layers, the first polarizing region of the upper polarizing layer and the second polarizing region of the lower polarizing layer are opposed to each other, and the second polarizing region of the upper polarizing layer and the first polarizing region of the lower polarizing layer are opposed to each other. It is because it can arrange | position so. If the area ratio of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region is in the above range, the above arrangement is possible.

  The resin layer used in the present invention is preferably made of a curable resin. The resin layer made of a curable resin is prepared by preparing a concave portion forming substrate having a convex portion corresponding to a target concave portion on the surface, and a curable resin composition is interposed between the concave portion forming substrate and a base material described later. It is because a recessed part can be easily formed by pinching and hardening. Moreover, it is because the shape of a recessed part can be stabilized by consisting of curable resin which hardened the curable resin composition.

  Examples of the curable resin composition used in the present invention include an energy ray curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with energy rays, and a thermosetting resin composition that is cured by heat. In the present invention, an energy beam curable resin composition is particularly preferable. Examples of the energy beam curable resin composition include a UV curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, and an electron beam curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with electron beams. A resin composition is preferred. This is because the method of using ultraviolet rays as energy rays is an already established technique and can be easily applied to the present invention.

  The UV curable resin composition is not particularly limited as long as it is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, but the polyfunctional monomer component and / or oligomer component and / or polymer component is cured by photopolymerization. It is preferable.

  Although it does not specifically limit as said polyfunctional monomer component, A polyfunctional acrylate monomer is used suitably. Specifically, ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) Acrylate, hexane di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, glycerin di (meth) acrylate, glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, penta Erythritol (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol Ruhekisa (meth) acrylate can be exemplified dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate.

  The oligomer component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy, vinyl ether, and polyene / thiol.

  The polymer component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a photocrosslinking polymer. Specifically, a polyvinyl cinnamate-based resin that causes a photodimerization reaction can be used.

  Further, as the photopolymerization initiator added to the UV curable resin composition, a photo radical polymerization initiator that can be activated by ultraviolet light, for example, ultraviolet light of 365 nm or less is used. Specifically, benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4,4-bis (dimethylamine) benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamine) benzophenone, α-amino-acetophenone, 4,4-dichlorobenzophenone, 4- Benzoyl-4-methyldiphenyl ketone, dibenzyl ketone, fluorenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, p-tert-butyldichloro Acetophenone, thioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, benzyldimethyl ketal, benzylmethoxyethyl acetal, benzoin methyl ether, Nzoin butyl ether, anthraquinone, 2-tert-butylanthraquinone, 2-amylanthraquinone, β-chloroanthraquinone, anthrone, benzanthrone, dibenzsuberon, methyleneanthrone, 4-azidobenzylacetophenone, 2,6-bis (p-azidobenzylidene ) Cyclohexane, 2,6-bis (p-azidobenzylidene) -4-methylcyclohexanone, 2-phenyl-1,2-butadion-2- (o-methoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1-phenyl-propanedione-2- ( o-ethoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1,3-diphenyl-propanetrione-2- (o-ethoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1-phenyl-3-ethoxy-propanetrione-2- (o-benzoyl) oxime, Michler's ketone 2-methyl-1 [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone, naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, quinoline Sulfonyl chloride, n-phenylthioacridone, 4,4-azobisisobutyronitrile, diphenyl disulfide, benzthiazole disulfide, triphenylphosphine, camphorquinone, Adeka N1717, carbon tetrabromide, tribromophenyl sulfone, Examples thereof include a combination of a photoreductive dye such as benzoin peroxide, eosin and methylene blue with a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid or triethanolamine. In this invention, these photoinitiators can be used 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The content of such a photopolymerization initiator is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30% by weight, particularly in the range of 1 to 10% by weight in the UV curable resin composition.

  Examples of the solvent that can be used for the UV curable resin composition include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol; terpenes such as α- or β-terpineol; acetone , Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, tetramethylbenzene; cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, carbitol, methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol , Butyl carbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethyl Glycol ethers such as lenglycol monomethyl ether and triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, carbitol acetate, ethyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Acetic acid esters such as ether acetate and propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate can be exemplified. Moreover, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be mixed and used from these solvents.

  In the present invention, the UV curable resin composition may be applied without adding a solvent. Therefore, the content of such a solvent is preferably in the range of 0 to 99.9% by weight, particularly in the range of 0 to 80% by weight in the UV curable resin composition.

  The reason why the photopolymerization initiator and the solvent are set within the above-described ranges is as follows. In this invention, the resin layer which has a recessed part can be formed by pinching and hardening the said curable resin composition between the base material and the board | substrate for recessed part formation which has a convex part. Therefore, it is preferable that the curable resin composition has a predetermined viscosity so as to enter the gaps between the concaves and convexes of the substrate for forming recesses, and the photopolymerization initiator and the solvent are within the above-described range. It can be set as the curable resin composition which has a viscosity.

  Further, the thickness of the resin layer varies depending on the type of the polarizing plate of the present invention, but the thickness of the recess is usually 1 μm or less, preferably 0.2 μm or less. It is because the polarizing plate of this invention may become heavy when the thickness of a recessed part is too thick. In consideration of the reduction in thickness of the polarizing plate, the thickness of the concave portion is preferably thin. However, since it is difficult to form a concave portion, the thickness of the concave portion is usually 0.1 μm or more. Here, the thickness of the recess means the thickness of the portion where the recess as shown by e in FIG. 4 is formed, for example.

  In addition, since it describes in the term of the "C. manufacturing method of a polarizing plate" mentioned later regarding the formation method of a resin layer, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

2. Next, the polarizing layer used in the present invention will be described. The polarizing layer used in the present invention is a layer that is formed on the resin layer and contains a dichroic dye, and has a plurality of polarizing regions. In addition, the absorption axis of at least one polarization region among the plurality of polarization regions is directed in a direction different from the absorption axis of the other polarization regions.

  In the present invention, the polarizing layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes. Among them, for example, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to have a first polarizing region 23 and a second polarizing region 24). Thereby, when the polarizing plate of this invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, a three-dimensional image can be observed by a polarization system.

  When the polarizing layer has a first polarizing region and a second polarizing region having different absorption axes, the absorption axis of the first polarizing region and the absorption axis of the second polarizing region are not particularly limited as long as they are in different directions. Are preferably orthogonal. This is because the polarizing plate of the present invention can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing by a polarization method.

  The angle formed by the absorption axis of the first polarizing region and the absorption axis of the second polarizing region is preferably orthogonal, but specifically preferably 90 ° ± 5 °, Of these, 90 ° ± 1 ° is preferable.

  Here, the angle can be measured as follows. A commercially available polarizing plate is placed between the light source of the optical microscope and the polarizing plate of the present invention, and the position and magnification are adjusted so that only the first polarizing region is within the field of view of the optical microscope. When the amount of transmitted light is measured using a photodiode while changing the angle with the polarizing plate of the invention, and the transmitted light amount is minimized, the absorption axis of the first polarizing region and the commercially available polarizing plate is orthogonal. For this reason, the absorption axis of the first polarization region can be measured. Next, the same measurement is performed for the second polarizing region while fixing the position of the commercially available polarizing plate, and the absorption axis of the second polarizing region is measured from the positional relationship of the angle with respect to the commercially available polarizing plate.

  Examples of the dichroic dye used in the polarizing layer include anthraquinone dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, porphyrin dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, quinacridone dyes, dioxazine dyes, indanthrene dyes, acridine dyes, and perylenes. And a dye selected from the group consisting of a dye, a pyrazolone dye, an acridone dye, a pyranthrone dye, and an isoviolanthrone dye.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the dichroic dye used in the present invention forms a column structure in which the dichroic dye is stacked so that the normal direction thereof is directed to a certain direction of the substrate. The column structure formed by the self-organization of the dichroic dye is easily oriented in a certain direction along the concave portion of the resin layer, so that the absorption axis differs depending on the alignment direction of the concave portion of the resin layer. This is because a plurality of polarization regions can be easily formed. Moreover, it is because it can be set as a polarizing layer with a favorable polarization characteristic.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a polarizing layer used in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, in this polarizing layer, the dichroic dye 43 is laminated along the concave portion of the resin layer 2 so that the normal direction n of the dichroic dye 43 faces a certain direction of the substrate 1. Thus, a column structure 43 'is formed, and a plurality of such column structures 43' are arranged to form a polarizing layer. In the polarizing layer configured by arranging the dichroic dyes 43 in this way, the column structure 43 ′ composed of the dichroic dyes 43 can be oriented along the recesses of the resin layer 2. Corresponding to the alignment direction of the recesses, a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed.

  Here, the fact that the dichroic dye forms a column structure can be confirmed by measurement using an X-ray diffractometer.

  Such a dichroic dye is not particularly limited as long as it can form a column structure by stacking in a columnar shape. Examples of the dichroic dye forming the column structure include a dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group or a dichroic dye having a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group. Among them, it is preferable to use a dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group. This is because the dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group has a small hydrophilic group and the distance between adjacent column structures is short, so that the column structures can be easily arranged. Moreover, it is because an immobilization process becomes easy by neutralizing hydrophilic parts, such as a sulfonic acid group, and making it hardly soluble or insoluble in water. Examples of the hydrophilic group include a sulfonic acid group such as a sulfonic acid group, a sodium sulfonate group, an ammonium sulfonate group, a lithium sulfonate group, and a potassium sulfonate group, a carboxyl group, a sodium carboxylate group, and a carboxylic acid. Examples thereof include carboxylic acid-based hydrophilic groups such as ammonium group, lithium carboxylate group, and potassium carboxylate group, hydroxyl groups, and amino groups. Among these, a sulfonic acid-based hydrophilic group is preferable.

  Among the above, the dichroic dye used in the present invention is preferably one that forms a column structure in a solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase. This is because such a dichroic dye has a high self-organizing ability. For example, by applying a coating solution for forming a polarizing layer containing a dichroic dye that forms a column structure in a solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase, a resin layer is formed by utilizing the self-organization of the dichroic dye. The column structure can be easily oriented along the recesses, and a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed corresponding to the alignment direction of the recesses of the resin layer.

  Examples of the dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in such a solution include a dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution, or a dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an organic solvent. The kind of the solution is different depending on the substituent of the dichroic dye. When the dichroic dye has a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group, an aqueous solution is used, and a long-chain alkyl group or the like is used. When it has a hydrophobic group, an organic solvent is used.

  In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a dichroic dye that forms a column structure in an aqueous solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase. Since such a dichroic dye forms a column structure by self-assembly in an aqueous solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing this dichroic dye, This is because the column structure can be easily oriented along the concave portion of the resin layer. Furthermore, the dichroic dye is water-soluble, so that an immobilization process for immobilizing the column structure is facilitated.

  Specific examples of the dichroic dye that forms a column structure in such an aqueous solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase include substances represented by the following chemical formulas.

The alkyl group in each chemical formula is preferably one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The halogen in each chemical formula is preferably Cl or Br. Further, as the cation in the above ^{formula, H +, Li +, Na} +, K +, Cs + or _NH ^{4 +} and the like. These substances can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the present invention, among the above, substances represented by the above chemical formulas I to V are preferably used.

  Further, the dichroic dye is not limited to the one showing the lyotropic liquid crystal phase as described above, and may be one showing the thermotropic liquid crystal phase.

  Furthermore, the polarizing layer used in the present invention may contain a liquid crystal material in addition to the dichroic dye. For example, even if the dichroic dye is difficult to align due to the concave portion of the resin layer, the dichroic dye is aligned along the alignment direction of the liquid crystal material by aligning the liquid crystal material along the concave portion. Because it can. As the liquid crystal material, a liquid crystal material that can be generally used for a polarizing layer can be used. Further, the liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal material and the dichroic dye may exhibit a lyotropic liquid crystal phase or a thermotropic liquid crystal phase, but usually exhibits a thermotropic liquid crystal phase. Things are used.

  In the present invention, the arrangement of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region is not particularly limited as long as it is an arrangement that enables stereoscopic display when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used in a liquid crystal display element. 5 may be a stripe arrangement (FIG. 5A), a mosaic arrangement (FIG. 5B), a delta arrangement (FIG. 5C), and the like. Among these, a stripe arrangement is preferable.

  In addition, the area ratio of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region is not particularly limited as long as it is an area ratio that enables stereoscopic display when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used in a liquid crystal display element. The ratio is preferably about 1: 1. Thereby, when using the polarizing plate of this invention for a liquid crystal display element, for example, among the polarizing layers of the upper and lower polarizing plates, the first polarizing region of the upper polarizing layer and the second polarizing region of the lower polarizing layer are opposed to each other. This is because the second polarizing region of the upper polarizing layer and the first polarizing region of the lower polarizing layer can be disposed so as to face each other. If the area ratio of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region is in the above range, the above arrangement is possible.

  The thickness of the polarizing layer varies depending on the type of the dichroic dye and the intended transmittance of the polarizing plate, but is usually 50 nm to 2000 nm, and more preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm. preferable.

  In addition, since it forms in the term of the "C. manufacturing method of a polarizing plate" mentioned later regarding the formation method of a polarizing layer, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

3. Next, the substrate used in the present invention will be described. The base material used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for a polarizing plate. For example, it is not flexible such as quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, synthetic quartz plate. A transparent material having flexibility such as a rigid material or a transparent resin film or an optical resin plate can be used. In the present invention, among these, a transparent flexible material having flexibility and a light transmittance of 80% or more is preferably used, and particularly those having optical isotropy are preferably used. As such materials, films such as cellulose resins, norbornene resins, and cycloolefin resins, and films such as polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, and polyethersulfone can be used. A TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film is preferably used. This is because the TAC film is excellent in optical properties such as high transparency and less retardation, and versatility. Examples of commercial products made of such materials include Zeneox (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), Arton (manufactured by JSR Corporation), Fujitac (manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.), and the like.

  In the present invention, as described above, the curable resin composition is applied on the base material, and the concave portion is formed by sandwiching the curable resin composition between the base material and the concave portion forming substrate having the convex portion. Therefore, if the base material is a transparent flexible material having a flexible light transmittance of 80% or more, a continuous roll-to-roll process is performed. Thus, a polarizing plate can be produced, and a polarizing plate with high production efficiency can be obtained.

  Moreover, in order to improve the adhesiveness of a base material and a resin layer, you may surface-treat a base material. Specifically, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, UV treatment, saponification treatment, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may form a primer layer on a base material. Further, a primer layer (barrier layer) may be provided for the purpose of protecting the substrate from the curable resin. Examples of such a primer layer include silane-based and titanium-based coupling agents.

4). Others Although the film thickness of the polarizing plate of this invention is suitably selected by the use and kind of the polarizing plate, it can usually be in the range of 50 micrometers-1000 micrometers.

  In the present invention, it may be a reflective polarizing plate in which a reflective layer made of metal or the like is formed on the substrate, and has a certain degree of transparency to visible light on the substrate. As described above, a transflective polarizing plate on which the reflective layer is formed may be used.

  As such a reflective layer, for example, a highly reflective metal such as aluminum or silver can be formed by, for example, a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, or the like. For example, a reflective polarizing plate is formed. In the case of forming a transflective polarizing plate, the film thickness can usually be in the range of 10 nm to 30 nm. In addition, when the reflective layer made of the metal is formed, a protective layer such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin, or an alkyd resin may be formed to prevent the reflective layer from being deteriorated. preferable. Further, a light diffusion layer or the like may be formed as necessary.

  Moreover, since the resin layer used for this invention has the recessed part in the surface, the resin layer surface becomes high in water repellency, and a dichroic dye may not fully orientate. Since the polarizing layer forming coating solution for forming the polarizing layer is applied onto the resin layer, the resin layer is preferably hydrophilic, and a hydrophilic layer is provided on the resin layer. The surface of the resin layer may be subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. Examples of the method for surface treatment so as to make the surface of the resin layer hydrophilic include hydrophilic surface treatment by plasma treatment using argon or water, and the hydrophilic layer formed on the resin layer Examples thereof include a silica film obtained by a sol-gel method of tetraethoxysilane.

B. Next, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
The liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be divided into two embodiments depending on the arrangement of the polarizing layer. Each embodiment will be described below.

1. First Embodiment A liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate having the above polarizing plate, a first electrode layer, and a first alignment film, the polarizing plate, and a second electrode. And a second substrate having a second alignment film are disposed such that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and the first substrate and the second substrate A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between substrates, wherein the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and The second polarizing region of the polarizing layer and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other.

  The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment includes a base material 1a, a resin layer 2a formed on the base material 1a, and a polarizing plate 3a formed on the resin layer 2a. 11a, a first substrate 12a having a first electrode layer 4a formed on the polarizing layer 3a of the polarizing plate 11a, a first alignment film 5a formed on the first electrode layer 4a, and a substrate A polarizing plate 11b having a material 1b, a resin layer 2b formed on the substrate 1b, and a polarizing layer 3b formed on the resin layer 2b, and a polarizing plate 3b formed on the polarizing layer 3b of the polarizing plate 11b. A second substrate 12b having a two-electrode layer 4b and a second alignment film 5b formed on the second electrode layer 4b is provided, and liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate 12a and the second substrate 12b. A liquid crystal layer 6 is formed.

  In this embodiment, the polarizing layers 3a and 3b have first polarizing regions 23a and 23b and second polarizing regions 24a and 24b having different absorption axes, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 12a. 23a and the second polarizing region 24b of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 12b face each other, the second polarizing region 24a of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 12a and the first polarizing region 23b of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 12b Are arranged to face each other. That is, for example, the absorption axes of the polarizing regions facing each other of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other. In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, since the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate are arranged as described above, it is possible to visually recognize a stereoscopic image using the polarization method.

In the present embodiment, the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region having different absorption axes are formed by forming the resin layer having the first concave portion alignment region and the second concave portion alignment region having different concave portion alignment directions. The polarizing layer can be easily formed, and the manufacturing efficiency of a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic display can be improved.
Hereinafter, each configuration of such a liquid crystal display element will be described.

(1) 1st board | substrate The 1st board | substrate used for this embodiment has said polarizing plate, a 1st electrode layer, and a 1st orientation film. The first substrate used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film are laminated.
Hereinafter, each configuration of the first substrate will be described. The polarizing plate is the same as that described in “A. Polarizing plate” described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

(First alignment film)
The first alignment film used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal can be aligned. For example, a rubbing alignment film, a photo alignment film, or the like can be used. Further, the formation position of the first alignment film is not particularly limited as long as it is the outermost surface of the first substrate, and may be the outermost surface on the side where the polarizing layer of the polarizing plate is provided. It may be the outermost surface on the side where the base material of the plate is provided, but considering the influence due to the birefringence of the substrate, the first alignment film is on the outermost surface on the side where the polarizing layer of the polarizing plate is provided. Preferably it is formed.

(First electrode layer)
The first electrode layer used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as an electrode layer of a liquid crystal display element. For example, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO) And a transparent electrode such as chrome, and a metal electrode such as chrome and aluminum.

  In addition, the formation position of the first electrode layer is particularly limited as long as the position is between the first alignment film and the base material of the polarizing plate and is not between the resin layer and the polarizing layer. is not. For example, when the first alignment film is formed on the polarizing layer side of the polarizing plate, the electrode layer may be formed between the polarizing layer of the polarizing plate and the first alignment film. It may be between the substrate and the resin layer. Moreover, when a base material has a board | substrate and a functional layer, the electrode layer may be formed between the board | substrate and the functional layer. On the other hand, when the first alignment film is formed on the base material side of the polarizing plate, the electrode layer may be formed between the base material of the polarizing plate and the first alignment film. When has a substrate and a functional layer, it may be between the substrate and the functional layer.

(2) 2nd board | substrate The 2nd board | substrate used for this invention has said polarizing plate, a 2nd electrode layer, and a 2nd alignment film. The second substrate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the polarizing plate, the second electrode layer, and the second alignment film are laminated.
Note that the second electrode layer and the second alignment film are the same as the first electrode layer and the second alignment film of the first substrate, respectively, and thus description thereof is omitted here.

(3) Liquid Crystal Layer The liquid crystal layer used in this embodiment may be any liquid crystal layer that is generally composed of liquid crystals used in liquid crystal display elements.

(4) Others In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, the arrangement of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate is the same as that of the polarizing layer of the first substrate. The first polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other. If it is, it will not be specifically limited.

  In addition, as the arrangement of the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer, as described in the section of the polarizing layer of “A. Polarizing plate” described above, an arrangement that enables stereoscopic viewing by the polarization method. If it is, it will not specifically limit, However, It is preferable that it arranges corresponding to a pixel. For example, the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region may be regularly arranged alternately in a set of a plurality of pixels, and the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region may be regularly arranged alternately every pixel. May be.

  The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment may have a color filter layer. As a color filter layer, what is normally used for a liquid crystal display element can be used. Further, the color filter layer is formed between the base material of the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer or between the base material of the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and other than between the resin layer and the polarizing layer. It may be formed in any position as long as it is a position.

  When the color filter layer is formed, the three color filter layers of red, green, and blue are used as one set of pixels, and the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region are alternately arranged regularly for each set of pixels. Shall be arranged in

2. Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is the first substrate having the above polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, the polarizing plate, and the second electrode. And a second substrate having a second alignment film are disposed such that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and the first substrate and the second substrate A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between substrates, wherein the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and The second polarizing region of the polarizing layer and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other.

  The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment includes a base material 1a, a resin layer 2a formed on the base material 1a, and a polarizing layer 3a formed on the resin layer 2a. 11a, a first substrate 12a having a first electrode layer 4a formed on the polarizing layer 3a of the polarizing plate 11a, a first alignment film 5a formed on the first electrode layer 4a, and a substrate A polarizing plate 11b having a material 1b, a resin layer 2b formed on the substrate 1b, and a polarizing layer 3b formed on the resin layer 2b, and a polarizing plate 3b formed on the polarizing layer 3b of the polarizing plate 11b. A second substrate 12b having a two-electrode layer 4b and a second alignment film 5b formed on the second electrode layer 4b is provided, and liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate 12a and the second substrate 12b. A liquid crystal layer 6 is formed.

  In this embodiment, the polarizing layers 3a and 3b have first polarizing regions 23a and 23b and second polarizing regions 24a and 24b having different absorption axes, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 12a. 23a and the first polarizing region 23b of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 12b face each other, the second polarizing region 24a of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 12a and the second polarizing region 24b of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 12b Are arranged to face each other. That is, the absorption axes of the polarizing regions facing each other of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate are arranged to be parallel. In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, since the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate are arranged as described above, it is possible to visually recognize a stereoscopic image using the polarization method.

  In the present embodiment, the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region having different absorption axes are formed by forming the resin layer having the first concave portion alignment region and the second concave portion alignment region having different concave portion alignment directions. The polarizing layer can be easily formed, and the manufacturing efficiency of a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic display can be improved.

  The other points of the first substrate, the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal display element are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, and the polarizing plate is described in the section “A. Polarizing plate” described above. Since it is the same as that described in the above, description thereof is omitted here.

C. Next, the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated.
The method for producing a polarizing plate of the present invention includes a coating step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate or a substrate for forming a recess having a projection, the substrate and the substrate for forming a recess, and the curable resin. An arrangement step of stacking the compositions on top of each other, a curing step of curing the curable resin composition to form a curable resin, and peeling the substrate for forming the recesses from the curable resin composition or the curable resin. A resin layer forming step of forming a resin layer by performing a recess forming step of forming a recess;
A polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied on the resin layer, the dichroic dye is oriented by the recesses of the resin layer, and the orientation state of the dichroic dye is fixed. A polarizing layer forming step of forming a polarizing layer by
The concave portion forming substrate has a plurality of convex alignment regions, and a convex portion of at least one convex alignment region of the plurality of convex alignment regions is in a direction different from a convex portion of another convex alignment region. It is characterized by being aligned.

  The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated referring drawings. FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing a polarizing plate of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention, first, the curable resin composition 52 is apply | coated on the base material 1 (FIG. 9 (a)), and it has the base material 1 and a convex part. The recess forming substrate 51 is overlapped with the curable resin composition 52 interposed therebetween, and the curable resin composition 52 is cured by irradiating energy 53 (FIG. 9B). Furthermore, the resin layer 2 having a recess is formed by peeling the recess forming substrate 51 (FIG. 9C) (FIG. 9D), and a resin layer forming step is performed. Next, a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied onto the resin layer 2, and the dichroic dye is aligned by the recesses of the resin layer 2, thereby fixing the alignment state of the dichroic dye. In this way, the polarizing layer 3 is formed (FIG. 9E), and a polarizing layer forming step is performed.

Since the concave portion forming substrate used in the present invention has a plurality of convex portion alignment regions having different convex portion alignment directions, the resin layer in which the concave portions corresponding to the convex portions are formed is aligned with the concave portions. It is formed so as to have a plurality of recessed portion alignment regions having different directions. By applying a polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on a resin layer having a plurality of recess alignment regions having different alignment directions of the recesses, the dichroic dye is applied to the recesses of the resin layer. Therefore, the dichroic dye can be oriented in different directions depending on the alignment direction of the recesses. That is, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be formed. Thus, in the present invention, a polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed by using a concave portion forming substrate having a plurality of convex portion alignment regions having different convex portion alignment directions. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently produce a polarizing plate having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes. Moreover, since it is possible to manufacture a large number of polarizing plates having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes only by once producing an original plate for a recess forming substrate, the manufacturing efficiency can be further improved.
Hereinafter, each process of the manufacturing method of such a polarizing plate is demonstrated.

1. Resin Layer Forming Step In the method for producing a polarizing plate of the present invention, first, a coating step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate or a substrate for forming a recess having a projection, the substrate and the recess formation. An arrangement step in which the substrate is overlapped with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween, a curing step in which the curable resin composition is cured to form a curable resin, and the curable resin composition or the curable resin A resin layer forming step of forming a resin layer is performed by performing a recess forming step of forming the recess by peeling the substrate for forming recesses from the resin.
Hereinafter, each process of such a resin layer formation process is demonstrated.

(1) Application process In the resin layer formation process in this invention, the application process which apply | coats a curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed formation which has a convex part first is performed.
In addition, about the curable resin composition used for this process, a base material, etc., since it is the same as that of what was described in the term of the "A. polarizing plate" mentioned above, description here is abbreviate | omitted. Hereinafter, the method for applying the recess forming substrate and the curable resin composition will be described.

(Substrate forming substrate)
First, the recess forming substrate used in this step will be described. The concave portion forming substrate used in this step has a convex portion on the surface and a plurality of convex portion alignment regions. Moreover, the convex part of at least one convex part alignment area among the plurality of convex part alignment areas is aligned in a direction different from the convex part of the other convex part alignment area. The said convex part is formed so that it may become symmetrical with respect to the concave part of the target resin layer.

  In the present invention, the concave portion forming substrate is not particularly limited as long as it has a plurality of convex portion alignment regions having different convex portion alignment directions. Among them, two types of convex portion alignment regions having different convex portion alignment directions are used. It is preferable to have (a first protrusion alignment area and a second protrusion alignment area). Thereby, when the polarizing plate manufactured by this invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, a stereo image can be observed by a polarization system.

  In the case where the recess forming substrate has two types of convex alignment areas, a first convex alignment area and a second convex alignment area, the concave alignment direction and the second convex alignment of the first convex alignment area. The alignment direction of the recesses in the region is not particularly limited as long as it is different, but is preferably orthogonal. This is because the polarizing plate of the present invention can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display element capable of stereoscopic viewing by a polarization method.

  The shape of the convex portion of the concave portion forming substrate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the concave portion of the target resin layer can be formed. In addition, since the width | variety, height, a shape, a pattern, etc. of a convex part respond | correspond to the recessed part of the resin layer described in the term of the above-mentioned "A. polarizing plate", description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  Further, the concave portion forming substrate may be a flexible substrate such as a resin film, or may be a non-flexible substrate such as glass. In the present invention, since the recess forming substrate is repeatedly used, a material having a predetermined strength is preferably used. Specific examples include glass, ceramic, metal, and plastic. Such a material is appropriately selected depending on a method for forming a convex portion described later. Furthermore, the said recessed part formation board | substrate is suitably selected with the irradiation method of the energy at the time of hardening the curable resin composition in the hardening process mentioned later. That is, when irradiating energy from the concave portion forming substrate side, it is necessary to be a transparent material, but when irradiating energy from the base material side, it is not particularly limited to a transparent material.

  The concave portion forming substrate may be moved by the concave / convex cylindrical drum, and the concave portion forming substrate itself constitutes the concave / convex cylindrical drum, that is, a convex portion is formed on the surface of the concave / convex cylindrical drum. It may be. It is because a recessed part can be continuously replicated on a base material and a manufacturing efficiency improves by passing through a roll to roll process. In addition, since it is possible to manufacture a large number of polarizing plates having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes, only by once producing an original plate of such a recess forming substrate, manufacturing efficiency can be further improved.

  As a method for forming such a convex portion, for example, a method of patterning glass or a resin film, a method of applying a photosensitive resin layer or the like on the surface of glass or the like, and a method of patterning the photosensitive resin layer, or the like is used. Can do. As the patterning method, a general method can be used, and examples thereof include a photolithography method, a sputtering method, and a mechanical cutting method. Furthermore, an oblique vapor deposition method, a rubbing method, etc. can also be used.

  In addition, regarding other points of the first and second convex alignment regions, the first concave alignment region and the second concave alignment of the resin layer described in the above-mentioned section “A. Polarizing plate”. Since this corresponds to the area, description thereof is omitted here.

(Coating method of curable resin composition)
In this step, the curable resin composition 52 may be applied on the base material 1 as shown in FIG. 9A, for example, but may be applied on a recess forming substrate (not shown). is there. Further, the base material and the recess forming substrate may be fixed with a predetermined gap, and the curable resin composition may be poured and applied between them.

  Examples of the method for applying the curable resin composition include spin coating, roll coating, printing, dip coating, curtain coating (die coating), and the like.

  The film thickness of the applied curable resin composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 30 μm, and more preferably in the range of 0.2 to 10 μm. This is because if the film thickness is too thinner than the above range, the recesses may not be sufficiently replicated in the curable resin composition. On the other hand, if the film thickness is too thick, the polarizing plate produced according to the present invention becomes heavy, and when the substrate is a film, there is a possibility that the coated surface is easily curled.

  Moreover, it may apply | coat by the method mentioned above, controlling application quantity so that the said curable resin composition may become a desired film thickness, and after apply | coating, you may remove an excess curable resin composition. Examples of a method for removing excess curable resin composition include a method for removing using a roller, a method for scraping using a doctor, and the like. Moreover, the process of removing such an excessive curable resin composition may be performed after an application | coating process, and may be performed after the arrangement | positioning process mentioned later.

(2) Arrangement Step Next, the arrangement step of the resin layer forming step in the present invention will be described. The disposing step in the present invention is a step of overlapping the base material and the concave portion forming substrate with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween.

  The method for arranging the substrate and the recess forming substrate is not particularly limited as long as the applied curable resin composition is arranged so as to be in contact with the substrate and the recess forming substrate. It is preferable to arrange so as to be in close contact with the substrate. This is because the resin layer made of the curable resin obtained by curing the curable resin composition is formed on the substrate, and therefore, the curable resin composition is preferably in close contact with the substrate. Moreover, it is preferable that the said base material and the said board | substrate for recessed part formation are arrange | positioned with a gap | interval so that a curable resin composition may become the target film thickness.

  In order to improve adhesion between the substrate and the curable resin composition, it is preferable to perform a surface treatment on the substrate. Specifically, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, UV treatment, saponification treatment, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may form a primer layer on a base material. Further, a primer layer (barrier layer) may be provided for the purpose of protecting the substrate from the curable resin. Examples of such a primer layer include silane-based and titanium-based coupling agents.

(3) Curing step In the resin layer forming step in the present invention, a curing step is performed in which the curable resin composition is cured to obtain a curable resin.

  Examples of the curing method of the curable resin composition include a method of irradiating energy rays, a method of heating, and the like. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a method of irradiating energy rays. The energy rays referred to in the present invention indicate energy rays capable of causing polymerization with respect to monomers and polymers contained in the curable resin composition. Moreover, as described in the above-mentioned section “A. Polarizing plate”, a polymerization initiator may be contained in the curable resin composition if necessary.

  The energy ray is not particularly limited as long as it is an energy ray capable of polymerizing the curable resin composition, but usually ultraviolet light or visible light is used from the viewpoint of the ease of the device, etc. Irradiation light having a wavelength of 150 to 500 nm, preferably 250 to 450 nm, more preferably 300 to 400 nm is used.

  In the present invention, a method of irradiating ultraviolet rays (UV) as energy rays is a preferable method. This is because the method using UV as the actinic radiation is an already established technique, and therefore it is easy to apply to the present invention including the photopolymerization initiator to be used.

  As the light source of this irradiation light, low pressure mercury lamp (sterilization lamp, fluorescent chemical lamp, black light), high pressure discharge lamp (high pressure mercury lamp, metal halide lamp), short arc discharge lamp (super high pressure mercury lamp, xenon lamp, mercury xenon) Lamp). In particular, the use of metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, etc. is recommended. The irradiation intensity is appropriately adjusted according to the composition of the curable resin composition and the amount of photopolymerization initiator.

  Moreover, as a film thickness of curable resin obtained by hardening | curing curable resin composition, it is preferable to exist in the range of 0.1-30 micrometers, especially in the range of 0.2-10 micrometers. The film thickness is too thick because the polarizing plate produced according to the present invention becomes heavy. Moreover, it is because toughness is inferior when a film thickness is too thin.

  In the present invention, the curing step may be performed after the coating step, after the placement step, or during the recess formation step. That is, the curable resin composition is applied on a substrate or a substrate for forming recesses and then cured (after the application step, the first aspect), and the substrate and the substrate for forming recesses are stacked with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween. In either case of curing after placing together (second mode after placement step) or curing after peeling the substrate for forming recesses from the curable resin composition (third mode during the recess forming step) It may be done at. Hereinafter, each aspect will be described.

(First aspect)
In this invention, the 1st aspect of a hardening process apply | coats a curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed formation, irradiates energy, hardens the said curable resin composition, and is obtained by hardening. A base material and a concave portion forming substrate are arranged so as to overlap each other with the curable resin sandwiched therebetween, and the concave portion forming substrate is peeled from the curable resin to form a concave portion. In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, after the curable resin composition 52 is applied on the substrate 1, the energy 53 is irradiated to cure the curable resin composition 52. In FIG. 10, the curable resin composition 52 is applied on the base material 1, but may be applied on a recess forming substrate.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy rays for curing the curable resin composition may be from the substrate or the concave portion forming substrate side or from the curable resin composition side. However, when the curable resin composition is applied on the recess forming substrate and irradiated from the recess forming substrate side, the recess forming substrate needs to be a transparent material.

  In addition, when the curable resin composition is applied and cured on the base material, the concave portion forming substrate is placed on the surface of the curable resin obtained by curing, and the concave portion is duplicated. The curable resin needs to have a predetermined viscosity. Therefore, it is preferable not to completely cure the curable resin composition, and after the recess forming substrate is disposed on the surface of the curable resin, or after the recess forming substrate is peeled from the curable resin, it may be cured again. Good.

(Second aspect)
In the present invention, in the second aspect of the curing step, the curable resin composition is applied onto a substrate or a recess forming substrate, and the substrate and the recess forming substrate are overlapped with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween. The curable resin composition is cured by irradiating with energy, and the substrate for forming recesses is peeled from the curable resin obtained by curing to form the recesses. In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 9B, after the base material 1 and the concave portion forming substrate 51 are arranged with the curable resin composition 52 in between, the energy 53 is irradiated and the above curing is performed. The functional resin composition 52 is cured.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy rays for curing the curable resin composition may be from the recess forming substrate side or from the base material side. However, when irradiating from the concave portion forming substrate side, the concave portion forming substrate needs to be a transparent material.

(Third aspect)
In this invention, the 3rd aspect of a hardening process apply | coats curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed part formation, and laminate | stacks the base material and the board | substrate for recessed part formation on both sides of the said curable resin composition. And disposing the substrate for forming recesses from the curable resin composition, irradiating energy to cure the curable resin composition, and forming recesses. In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, after the recess forming substrate 51 is peeled from the curable resin composition 52, the energy 53 is irradiated to cure the curable resin composition 52.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy ray for curing the curable resin composition may be from the curable resin composition side or from the substrate side.

  In addition, since the curable resin composition is cured after peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition, the curable resin composition needs to maintain the recess even after peeling the recess forming substrate. There is. Therefore, the curable resin composition may have a semi-cured state in advance before peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition so that the curable resin composition has a predetermined viscosity.

(4) Recess formation process In the resin layer formation process in this invention, the recessed part formation process which peels the said board | substrate for recessed formation from the said curable resin composition or the said curable resin, and forms a recessed part is performed.

  As a method of peeling the concave portion forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin, the curable resin composition or the curable resin is peeled off from the concave portion forming substrate and is in close contact with the base material, and the concave portion is formed. If it is formed, it will not specifically limit.

  Further, in the present invention, the recess forming substrate is moved by the concave and convex cylindrical drum, and the base material is moved by the base cylindrical drum, and the curable resin composition or the curable resin is moved on the two cylindrical drums. By overlapping the base material and the concave portion forming substrate across the substrate, peeling the concave portion forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin, and continuously replicating the concave portion on the base material, A resin layer having a recess may be formed. Furthermore, the concave-convex forming substrate may be a concave-convex cylindrical drum. This is because by passing through the roll-to-roll process, the concave portions can be continuously replicated on the base material, and the production efficiency is improved. Moreover, it is because a large number of polarizing plates having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be produced only by once producing an original plate of such a recess forming substrate.

2. Next, the polarizing layer forming step in the method for producing the polarizing plate of the present invention will be described. In the polarizing layer forming step of the present invention, a polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied on the resin layer, the dichroic dye is oriented by the concave portion of the resin layer, and the dichroic color This is a step of forming a polarizing layer by fixing the orientation state of the functional dye.

  The polarizing layer forming coating solution used in this step contains a dichroic dye. The dichroic dye can be oriented relatively easily, and a polarizing layer can be easily formed. Since the dichroic dye is the same as that described in the section of the polarizing layer of “A. Polarizing plate” described above, description thereof is omitted here.

  The solvent used in the polarizing layer forming coating solution is appropriately selected depending on the substituent introduced into the dichroic dye. For example, when a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group is introduced, water is used as the solvent. On the other hand, when a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group is introduced, an organic solvent is used. A general thing can be used as such an organic solvent. Moreover, the said polarizing layer forming coating liquid may contain various additives, such as surfactant, such as polyethyleneglycol, as needed. Among the above, in the present invention, the polarizing layer forming coating solution is preferably aqueous. This is because as the dichroic dye used in the present invention, a dichroic dye that forms a column structure, has a hydrophilic group, and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution is preferably used.

  The polarizing layer forming coating solution may contain a liquid crystal material in addition to the dichroic dye. For example, even when the dichroic dye is difficult to align due to the concave portion of the resin layer, the liquid crystal material is aligned along the concave portion of the resin layer, and the dichroic dye is aligned along the alignment direction of the liquid crystal material. Because it can. Since the liquid crystal material is the same as that described in the section of the polarizing layer of “A. Polarizing plate” described above, description thereof is omitted here.

  The application method of the polarizing layer forming coating solution is not particularly limited as long as the dichroic dye can be oriented by the concave portions of the resin layer, but it may be an application method in which shear stress is not applied. preferable. When a coating method that requires shearing stress is used, the dichroic dye is oriented in the coating direction and may be difficult to align due to the concave portions of the resin layer. This is because it may be difficult to orient the dichroic dye in different directions corresponding to the alignment region. Examples of coating methods that do not apply shear stress include spray coating, dip coating, screen printing methods, ink jet methods, flexographic printing methods, and the like. Of these, ink jet methods are preferred.

  In this step, after the application of the polarizing layer forming coating solution, the solvent contained in the polarizing layer forming coating solution is dried. As a method for drying the solvent, a method generally used for solvent drying, for example, heat drying, room temperature drying, freeze drying, far-infrared drying, or the like can be used.

  Furthermore, in this step, after the polarizing layer forming coating solution is dried, the polarizing layer can be formed by fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye. As a method for fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye, a method of crosslinking the dichroic dye can be used. The crosslinking method of the dichroic dye differs depending on the substituent introduced into the dichroic dye.

  When the dichroic dye has a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group, a crosslinking method for hydrophobizing the hydrophilic group is used. When the hydrophilic group of the dichroic dye is hydrophobized, a cross-link is formed between adjacent dichroic dyes, and the orientation state of the dichroic dye is fixed. When the dichroic dye exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution, unless such a hydrophobizing treatment is performed, the water resistance is poor, the orientation state is easily disturbed due to moisture in the air, and the like is unstable. It may become.

  The hydrophobizing treatment liquid used for the hydrophobizing treatment is not particularly limited as long as the hydrophilic group can be hydrophobized, and is different depending on the hydrophilic group of the dichroic dye used. However, it is preferable that a bridge can be formed between adjacent dichroic dyes. For example, an aqueous solution of a divalent metal salt can be used. Examples of the divalent metal include magnesium, calcium, barium and the like. Specifically, an aqueous barium chloride solution, an aqueous magnesium chloride solution, an aqueous calcium chloride solution, or the like can be used.

The mechanism by which adjacent dichroic dyes are crosslinked is as follows. For example, when the dichroic dye has an SO ₃ Na group and is hydrophobized using an aqueous barium chloride solution, the SO ₃ ion of the SO ₃ Na group of the dichroic dye and Ba in the aqueous barium chloride solution By binding ions, the adjacent dichroic dye is cross-linked, so that the column structure is fixed.

  Further, the hydrophobizing treatment method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of hydrophobizing the hydrophilic substituent. After the polarizing layer forming coating liquid is dried, the hydrophobizing treatment is performed. Examples thereof include a method of applying a liquid and a method of immersing in the hydrophobizing treatment liquid. After application or immersion of the hydrophobizing treatment liquid, a polarizing layer can be obtained by washing and drying.

  On the other hand, when the dichroic dye has a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group, for example, a polymerizable group is introduced into the core part of the dichroic dye or a part of the alkyl side chain. A crosslinking method is used in which the dichroic dye is crosslinked in a linear or network form by polymerizing the polymer to fix the alignment state.

  Further, when the polarizing layer forming coating liquid contains the liquid crystal material described above, the alignment state of the dichroic dye can be fixed by polymerizing the liquid crystal material. In this case, the liquid crystal material needs to have a polymerizable group.

  In addition, since the recessed part and recessed part alignment area | region etc. which a polarizing layer has are the same as what was described in the term of the above-mentioned "A. polarizing plate", description here is abbreviate | omitted.

3. Others In the present invention, it is preferable that after the resin layer forming step, a hydrophilic treatment step for hydrophilizing the resin layer surface having the recesses is performed. Usually, when the above-described resin layer forming step is performed, the formed resin layer surface has high water repellency, and the dichroic dye may not be sufficiently oriented. Since the hydrophilic treatment method is the same as that described in the above-mentioned section “A. Polarizing plate”, description thereof is omitted here.

D. Next, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
The method for producing a liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be divided into two embodiments depending on the arrangement of the polarizing layer. Each embodiment will be described below.

1. Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention includes a first polarizing plate forming step of forming a first polarizing plate by the above-described method for producing a polarizing plate, and a base material for the first polarizing plate. And a first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer between the resin layers or on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate, and the first electrode layer forming step on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer. A first substrate forming step of forming a first substrate by performing a first alignment film forming step of forming one alignment film;
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer formed between the substrate and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate The two polarizing regions and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed to each other, A liquid crystal layer forming step of forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

According to the present invention, as described in the section of the first embodiment of “B. Liquid crystal display element” described above, the two types of polarizing regions of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged as described above. As a result, a liquid crystal display element capable of observing a stereoscopic image can be manufactured by wearing polarized glasses. In addition, since the polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed by using the polarizing plate manufacturing method described above, a liquid crystal display element that can be stereoscopically viewed by a polarizing method can be efficiently obtained. It can be manufactured.
Hereinafter, each process of the manufacturing method of such a liquid crystal display element is demonstrated.

(1) 1st board | substrate formation process The 1st board | substrate formation process in this invention is the 1st polarizing plate formation process which forms a 1st polarizing plate with the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate mentioned above, the base material and resin of the said 1st polarizing plate. A first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer between the layers or on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate; and a first orientation on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer This is a step of forming a first substrate by performing a first alignment film forming step of forming a film.
Hereafter, each process of such a 1st board | substrate formation process is demonstrated. Since the first polarizing plate forming step is the same as that described in the above-mentioned section “C. Manufacturing method of polarizing plate”, description thereof is omitted here.

(First electrode layer forming step)
First, the 1st electrode layer formation process in this invention is demonstrated. The 1st electrode layer formation process in this invention is a process of forming a 1st electrode layer between the base material and resin layer of the said 1st polarizing plate, or on the polarizing layer of the said 1st polarizing plate. When the first electrode layer is formed between the base material of the first polarizing plate and the resin layer, the first electrode layer forming step is performed before the resin layer forming step of the first polarizing plate forming step. On the other hand, when forming the first electrode layer on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate, the first electrode layer forming step is performed after the first polarizing plate forming step.

  As a method for forming the first electrode layer, a vapor deposition method such as a CVD method, a sputtering method, or an ion plating method can be used.

  Since the other points of the first electrode layer are the same as those described in “B. Liquid crystal display element” described above, the description thereof is omitted here.

(First alignment film forming step)
Next, the first alignment film forming step in the present invention will be described. The first alignment film forming step in the present invention is a step of forming the first alignment film on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer. When forming the first alignment film on the polarizing layer of the first substrate, the first alignment film forming step is performed after the first polarizing plate forming step. On the other hand, when forming the first alignment film on the first electrode layer, the first alignment film forming step is performed after the first electrode layer forming step.

  As a method for forming the first alignment film, a general method for forming an alignment film can be used, and examples thereof include a rubbing process and a photo-alignment process.

(2) Second substrate forming step The second substrate forming step in the present invention includes a second polarizing plate forming step of forming the second polarizing plate by the above-described method of manufacturing a polarizing plate, a base material of the second polarizing plate, and a resin. A second electrode layer forming step of forming a second electrode layer between the layers or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate, and a second orientation on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer This is a step of forming a second substrate by performing a second alignment film forming step of forming a film.
In addition, about the 2nd polarizing plate formation process, it is the same as that of what was described in the above-mentioned item of "C. Manufacturing method of polarizing plate", About the 2nd electrode layer formation process and the 2nd alignment film formation process, Since this is the same as the first electrode layer forming step and the first alignment film forming step in the first substrate forming step, description thereof is omitted here.

(3) Liquid Crystal Layer Forming Step In the liquid crystal layer forming step in the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are separated from the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second polarizing layer of the second substrate. The polarizing region faces the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the first substrate It is a step of forming a liquid crystal layer by disposing the two alignment films so as to face each other and injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

  In the present invention, as the arrangement method of the first substrate and the second substrate, as long as it can be arranged so that the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate are in a predetermined position as described above, in particular, It is not limited.

  Further, as a method for forming the liquid crystal layer, a general method for forming a liquid crystal layer can be used. For example, beads are dispersed as spacers on the first alignment film of the first substrate, and a sealant is applied to the periphery so that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other. Bonding and thermocompression bonding. Then, liquid crystal is injected from the injection port in an isotropic phase or a nematic phase using the capillary effect, and the injection port is sealed with an ultraviolet curable resin or the like. Thereafter, the liquid crystal is gradually cooled to be aligned. Thereby, a liquid crystal layer is formed.

2. Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment of the method for producing a liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
According to a fourth embodiment of the method for producing a liquid crystal display element of the present invention, a first polarizing plate forming step of forming a first polarizing plate by the above-described method for producing a polarizing plate, a base material of the first polarizing plate, and a resin layer A first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer between or on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate, and a first alignment film on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer A first substrate forming step of forming a first substrate by performing a first alignment film forming step of forming;
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer formed between the substrate and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces each other. The second polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed to each other, A liquid crystal layer forming step of forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

  According to the present invention, as described in the section of the second embodiment of “B. Liquid crystal display element” described above, the two types of polarization regions of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged as described above. As a result, a liquid crystal display element capable of observing a stereoscopic image can be manufactured when polarized glasses are attached. In addition, since the polarizing layer having a plurality of polarizing regions having different absorption axes can be easily formed by using the polarizing plate manufacturing method described above, a liquid crystal display element that can be stereoscopically viewed by a polarizing method can be efficiently obtained. It can be manufactured.

  The first substrate forming step, the second substrate forming step, and the liquid crystal layer forming step are the same as those described in the third embodiment, and the first polarizing plate forming step in the first substrate forming step and Since the second polarizing plate forming step of the second substrate forming step is the same as that described in the above-mentioned section “C. Manufacturing method of polarizing plate”, description thereof is omitted here.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
[Example 1]
(Formation of resin layer)
An ultraviolet curable acrylate resin composition having the following composition was applied onto a well-cleaned glass substrate with an ITO electrode, and a recess-forming substrate on which recesses and protrusions were formed by an electron beam drawing method was placed, and 100 kg / cm ² Was applied for 1 minute. In this state, the ultraviolet light irradiating 100 mJ / cm ^2, was further peeled recess-forming substrate, the ultraviolet light 3000 mJ / cm ² was irradiated, the width 0.2μm as shown in Figure 12, a pitch 0.4 .mu.m, A first recess alignment region 62a in which stripe-shaped recess patterns having a depth of 0.2 μm are aligned in the short-side direction 61a of the glass substrate 63, and stripe-shaped recesses having a width of 0.2 μm, a pitch of 0.4 μm, and a depth of 0.2 μm. A resin layer having two types of recess alignment regions in which recess patterns are alternately formed so that the width D of each region is 127 μm and the second recess alignment region 62b in which the recess pattern is aligned in the long side direction 61b of the glass substrate 63. Formed. The surface was hydrophilized by adding a plasma treatment thereto.

<Ultraviolet curable acrylate resin composition>
・ Goserac UV-7500B (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by weight ・ 1,6-hexanediol acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 35 parts by weight ・ Pentaerythritol acrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 21 parts by weight -Hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 2 parts by weight-Benzophenone (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by weight

(Formation of polarizing layer)
On the concave pattern of the resin layer, an ink containing a dichroic dye (manufactured by Optiva, product name N015) was applied using an ink jet, dried, and then immersed in a 15% barium chloride aqueous solution for about 1 second. I let you. Further, it was washed and dried again to form a polarizing layer having a thickness of 0.3 μm. This obtained the polarizing plate.

(Measurement of degree of polarization)
The polarizing plate and a commercially available polarizing plate (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation, product name SEG1425DU) are formed such that the absorption axis of the commercially available polarizing plate and the short side direction 61a of the glass substrate are orthogonal to each other, and a concave portion is formed in the short side direction 61a. When the first polarizing region formed on the first concave alignment region where the patterns were aligned was observed with an optical microscope and the transmittance was measured with a photodiode, it was 1.34%. Further, the transmittance was measured in the same manner with the absorption axis of a commercially available polarizing plate orthogonal to the long side direction 61b of the glass substrate, and it was 33.5%. From this, it was found that the absorption axis of the first polarizing region is the short side direction 61a of the glass substrate and the degree of polarization is 92.3%. Similarly, when the transmittance was measured for the second polarization region formed on the second recess alignment region in which the recess pattern was aligned in the long side direction 61b, the absorption axis of the second polarization region was the long side of the glass substrate. The direction was 61b and the degree of polarization was 92.6%.

[Example 2]
As materials for the first alignment film and the second alignment film, the following compounds A and B were used, respectively.

(Production of the first substrate)
Using the polarizing plate of Example 1, a solution prepared by dissolving the compound A in cyclopentanone so as to have a concentration of 2% by weight on the polarizing layer of this polarizing plate was spin-coated at 4000 rpm for 30 seconds. After drying, 100 mJ / cm ² of polarized ultraviolet rays were irradiated to form a photo-alignment film. Thereby, the first substrate was obtained.

(Production of second substrate)
Using the polarizing plate of Example 1, a solution prepared by dissolving the compound B in cyclopentanone so as to have a concentration of 2% by weight on the polarizing layer of this polarizing plate was spin-coated at 4000 rpm for 30 seconds. After drying, the photo-alignment film was formed by irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays of ² J / cm ² . This obtained the 2nd board | substrate.

(Formation of liquid crystal layer)
A bead spacer having a diameter of 1.5 μm is dispersed on the photo-alignment film of the first substrate, a seal material is applied onto the photo-alignment film of the second substrate using a seal dispenser, and the first polarizing region of the first substrate The first substrate and the second substrate are arranged and bonded so that the second polarizing region of the second substrate and the second polarizing region of the second substrate overlap each other, and the photo-alignment film of the first substrate and the photo-alignment film of the second substrate face each other. . Thermocompression bonding was performed at 150 ° C. for about 1 hour to prepare a test cell. When ferroelectric liquid crystal (R2301 manufactured by Clariant Co.) was injected into this test cell under a temperature condition of about 100 ° C. and gradually cooled, uniform alignment of monodomains was obtained.

(Check operating characteristics)
The test cell is placed so that the second substrate is on top, and the absorption axis of a commercially available polarizing plate (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation, product name SEG1425DU) is parallel to the long side direction of the second substrate. In this state, a rectangular voltage of +5 V and −5 V is alternately applied at 180 Hz between the electrodes of the first substrate and the second substrate, and light incident from the first substrate side is optically transmitted from the second substrate side. Observed with a microscope. As a result, it was observed that light was transmitted only through the second polarizing region of the second substrate, and no light was transmitted through the first polarizing region of the second substrate. Next, when the same observation was performed by rotating the direction of a commercially available polarizing plate by 90 °, light was not transmitted through the second polarizing region of the second substrate, but light was transmitted through the first polarizing region of the second substrate. I was able to observe it.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the AA 'line arrow cross section of FIG.2 (b). It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the recessed part of a resin layer. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the arrangement | sequence of a 1st recessed part alignment area | region and a 2nd recessed part alignment area | region, or a 1st polarizing area and a 2nd polarizing area. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a dichroic dye. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the liquid crystal display element of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the liquid crystal display element of this invention. It is process drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is process drawing which shows an example of the hardening process in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is process drawing which shows the other example of the hardening process in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the recessed part alignment area | region of the resin layer in Example 1. FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the conventional liquid crystal display element. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the conventional liquid crystal display element.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b ... Base material 2, 2a, 2b ... Resin layer 3, 3a, 3b ... Polarizing layer 11, 11a, 11b ... Polarizing plate 21 ... 1st recessed part alignment area 22 ... 2nd recessed part alignment area 23, 23a, 23b ... 1st polarization area 24, 24a, 24b ... 2nd polarization area 43 ... Dichroic dye 43 '... Column structure

Claims (14)

A polarizing plate having a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a patterned concave or convex portion, and a polarizing layer formed on the resin layer and containing a dichroic dye, ,
The resin layer has a plurality of recess alignment regions, and at least one recess alignment region of the plurality of recess alignment regions is aligned in a direction different from the recesses of the other recess alignment region, and the polarizing layer The polarizing plate has a plurality of polarizing regions, and an absorption axis of at least one polarizing region of the plurality of polarizing regions is directed in a direction different from the absorption axis of the other polarizing regions.   The resin layer has two types of concave alignment regions, a first concave alignment region and a second concave alignment region, and the polarizing layer includes two types of polarizing regions, a first polarizing region and a second polarizing region. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, comprising: a polarizing plate;   The alignment direction of the recesses in the first recess alignment region is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the recesses in the second recess alignment region, and the absorption axis of the first polarization region is relative to the absorption axis of the second polarization region. The polarizing plate according to claim 2, wherein the polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other.   The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye forms a column structure, and the column structure is oriented along a concave portion of the resin layer. A polarizing plate according to any one of claims 2 to 4, a first substrate having a first electrode layer, and a first alignment film, the polarizing plate, a second electrode, A second substrate having a second alignment film is disposed such that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and between the first substrate and the second substrate A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between
The first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the first polarizing region faces each other. A polarizing plate according to any one of claims 2 to 4, a first substrate having a first electrode layer, and a first alignment film, the polarizing plate, a second electrode, A second substrate having a second alignment film is disposed such that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and between the first substrate and the second substrate A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between
The first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate and the polarizing layer of the second substrate A liquid crystal display element, wherein the liquid crystal display element faces the second polarizing region. A coating step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate or a recess forming substrate having a convex portion, an arrangement step of superposing the substrate and the recess forming substrate with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween, A curing step of curing the curable resin composition to form a curable resin, and a recess forming step of peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin to form a recess. A resin layer forming step of forming a resin layer by,
A polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied on the resin layer, the dichroic dye is aligned by the recesses of the resin layer, and the alignment state of the dichroic dye is fixed. A polarizing layer forming step of forming a polarizing layer by,
The concave portion forming substrate has a plurality of convex alignment regions, and a convex portion of at least one convex alignment region of the plurality of convex alignment regions is in a direction different from a convex portion of another convex alignment region. A method for producing a polarizing plate, characterized by being aligned.   The method for manufacturing a polarizing plate according to claim 7, wherein the concave portion forming substrate has two types of convex portion alignment regions, a first convex portion alignment region and a second convex portion alignment region.   9. The alignment direction of the convex portions of the first convex portion alignment region of the concave portion forming substrate is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the convex portions of the second convex portion alignment region. The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of description.   The dichroic dye forms a column structure and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in the polarizing layer forming coating solution, and the column structure is oriented along the concave portion of the resin layer. The method for producing a polarizing plate according to any one of claims 7 to 9.   11. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the polarizing layer forming step, a method of crosslinking the dichroic dye is used in order to fix the orientation state of the dichroic dye. The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of Claim.   8. The application method according to claim 7, wherein in the polarizing layer forming step, a coating method in which shear stress is not applied to the polarizing layer forming coating solution is used when the polarizing layer forming coating solution is applied. The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate in any one of Claim 11 or more. A first polarizing plate forming step of forming a first polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing a polarizing plate according to any one of claims 8 to 12, between the substrate and the resin layer of the first polarizing plate. Alternatively, a first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate, and a first alignment film formed on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer A first substrate forming step of forming a first substrate by performing a first alignment film forming step;
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer between the base material and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate The two polarizing regions and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed to each other, And a liquid crystal layer forming step of forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate. A first polarizing plate forming step of forming a first polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing a polarizing plate according to any one of claims 8 to 12, between the substrate and the resin layer of the first polarizing plate. Alternatively, a first electrode layer forming step of forming a first electrode layer on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate, and a first alignment film formed on the polarizing layer of the first polarizing plate or on the first electrode layer A first substrate forming step of forming a first substrate by performing a first alignment film forming step;
A second polarizing plate forming step of forming a second polarizing plate by the method for manufacturing the polarizing plate, a second electrode layer between the base material and the resin layer of the second polarizing plate or on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate A second substrate is formed by performing a second electrode layer forming step to be formed and a second alignment film forming step for forming a second alignment film on the polarizing layer of the second polarizing plate or on the second electrode layer. A second substrate forming step,
In the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate faces the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate, and the first polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate The second polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate face each other, and the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate are opposed, And a liquid crystal layer forming step of forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

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