JP2005351753A - Method and instrument for measuring concentration of ice water by ultrasonic wave - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an instrument for measuring a concentration of ice water capable of measuring precisely an ice concentration under transportation, in a real time, using an ultrasonic wave, when transporting an ice water slurry coming out from an ice maker, an ice water slurry used in an air-conditioning system using ice heat reserve or the like, to a desired place. <P>SOLUTION: When measuring the ice concentration in the ice water slurry under a flowing condition in a pipe, ultrasonic oscillators 6, 7 are attached to one side or both sides on a pipe line side face to transmit the ultrasonic waves toward the ice water slurry S by the ultrasonic oscillators, frontward diffraction or rearward diffraction is received, and reception signals thereof are computation-processed to calculate the ice concentration. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  For example, when transporting ice water slurry from an ice making machine or ice water slurry used in an air conditioning system using ice heat storage to a desired place, the concentration of ice during transportation is measured using ultrasonic waves. The present invention relates to an ice water concentration measuring method and apparatus for measuring accurately in real time.

In order to know the ratio of ice to water in the ice water slurry that came out of conventional ice machines, etc., when light is irradiated and the incident light hits the ice, it is somewhat scattered and the light receiving part on the opposite side has intensity There is a method to obtain the ratio of water and ice by receiving the light that falls, but this method is suitable for solutions with low transparency such as secondary refrigerant or seawater ice water. Is not suitable.
Therefore, it can be used in solutions with low transparency and utilizes the property of ultrasonic waves that are scattered by ice. Ultrasonic waves are applied to the ice water slurry and the attenuation of incident waves caused by wave reflection, scattering, absorption, etc. is measured. Thus, a method for measuring the concentration of ice has been proposed.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-277446), an ultrasonic sensor including a pair of ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers is opposed to each other with a tube axis of a slurry transport pipe to be measured interposed therebetween. And an ultrasonic fixing means mounted on the outer periphery of the slurry transport pipe so that it can rotate concentrically with the slurry transport pipe around the slurry transport pipe, and an output signal of the ultrasonic receiver as an input in advance. Ice concentration of ice water slurry or the like having arithmetic means for calculating the slurry concentration with respect to the output signal based on the measured slurry concentration of the slurry conveying tube and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave passing through the slurry conveying tube A measuring device is described.

  Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-98158) discloses an ultrasonic sensor including an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver that are arranged to face each other vertically above and below a sealed slurry conveyance path. Using the output signal of the ultrasonic sensor as an input, it corresponds to the output signal based on the relationship between the slurry concentration measured in advance in the slurry conveyance path and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave passing through the conveyance path through which the slurry flows. The ultrasonic sensor is configured to calculate an ice concentration of an ice water slurry or the like disposed at a position where the upper and lower surfaces of the slurry conveyance path are opposed to each other. A measuring device is described.

JP 2002-277446 A JP 2003-98158 A

  While these means disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a simple configuration, they do not impede the flow of the slurry, and are not easily affected by the flow state of solid particles such as ice in the slurry, but have the advantages such as The multiple scattering of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer in the transport pipe occurs, and various waves that are multiple scattered arrive at the receiving transducer, so the accuracy is not improved so much when calculating the ice concentration. Transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitter, passes through the transport pipe and ice water slurry, detects the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic receiver, and calibrates the received ultrasonic attenuation and ice concentration in advance. By doing so, the concentration of ice being transported in the transport pipe is indirectly estimated, so it is not always possible to measure in real time and the accuracy is not good.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention eliminates the problems of the prior art and measures the concentration of ice in ice water slurry in real time and with high accuracy, which can accurately measure the ice concentration of the ice water slurry being transported in the transport pipe. And an apparatus.

  The present invention achieves such an object, and the first means thereof is to attach an ultrasonic transducer to one of the side surfaces of the pipe line when measuring the ice concentration in the ice slurry flowing in the pipe in real time. In addition, the ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves toward the ice water slurry, receives backscattering of ultrasonic waves due to ice particles, and calculates the ice concentration by calculating the ice concentration by processing the received signals. Related.

  Further, the second means attaches a pair of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers at positions facing each other on the side surface of the pipe line when measuring the ice concentration in the ice slurry in a flow state in the pipe in real time, The transmitting ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves to the ice water slurry, the receiving ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasonic forward scatter or back scatter due to ice particles, and calculates the ice concentration by processing the received signal. It relates to the ice water concentration measurement method to be calculated.

  The third means of the present invention is an apparatus for realizing the first means (method) or the second means (method), and is interposed in a pipe line for flowing the ice water slurry. In order to reduce the speed, a volume part with an enlarged cross-sectional area is provided, and side surfaces of the volume part are formed on parallel surfaces facing each other, and a receiving ultrasonic transducer and a transmission ultrasonic wave are respectively positioned at opposite positions of the parallel surface. The vibrator is mounted such that both electrode surfaces are parallel to each other.

In the first means of the present invention, first, an ultrasonic transducer that performs both transmission and reception of signals is attached to the measuring device in the middle of the ice water slurry transport pipe. Due to the applied voltage vibration, the ultrasonic vibrator vibrates at the same frequency, and transmits ultrasonic waves to the ice-water slurry flowing in the conveying tube. When the ice concentration in the ice water slurry flowing in the transport pipe increases, the intensity of the ultrasonic wave scattered by the ice particles gradually changes, and the wave scattered by the ultrasonic transducer that transmitted the signal (backscattering) is reflected as a reflected signal. As received. The frequency range is, for example, 10 kHz to 10 MHz.
The received signal is processed by the signal processing circuit such as amplification, noise processing, amplitude detection, averaging operation, and fluctuation measurement (dispersion calculation of calculated values), and the ice concentration of the ice-water slurry flowing in the transport pipe is calculated. Then, take it out with DC voltage or DC current.

In the second means of the present invention, an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting a signal and an ultrasonic transducer for receiving a signal are attached to the measuring device at positions facing each other in the middle of the ice water slurry transport pipe. Desirably, it is installed so that the electrode surface of the ultrasonic transducer at the opposite position is parallel.
The ultrasonic transducer for transmission vibrates at the same frequency by the applied voltage vibration, and transmits ultrasonic waves to the ice-water slurry flowing in the carrier tube. When the ice concentration in the ice water slurry flowing in the transport pipe increases, the intensity of the ultrasonic wave scattered forward by the ice particles and the phase of the transmitted ultrasonic wave gradually change. At the same time, the intensity of the ultrasound scattered back by the ice particles also changes.

The signal scattered forward is received as a transmission signal by a reception ultrasonic transducer installed at a position opposite to the transmission transducer. On the other hand, the signal scattered backward is received as a reflected signal by the ultrasonic transducer for transmission. The frequency range is, for example, 10 kHz to 10 MHz.
The signal received on the transmission side and the reflection side is processed by the signal processing circuit, such as amplification, noise processing, amplitude detection, averaging calculation, and fluctuation measurement (dispersion calculation of the calculated value). The ice concentration of the ice-water slurry flowing in the carrier tube is calculated from the signal intensity change characteristic and the phase change characteristic, and is taken out by a DC voltage or a DC current.

  In the third means of the present invention, the ice concentration is accurately measured by measuring the ice concentration in a state where the ice water slurry is introduced and decelerated into the volume part having an enlarged cross-sectional area. By transmitting ultrasonic waves from the receiving ultrasonic transducer and the transmitting ultrasonic transducer attached to the parallel side surfaces facing each other, signals can be transmitted and received accurately between the two ultrasonic transducers. The accuracy can be improved.

Next, an example of measurement data in the case of ice water slurry will be described.
(1) Phase information (example of detection by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers at opposite positions)
The propagation speed of sound waves in water is 1,500 m / s, and the propagation speed of sound waves in ice is 3,230 m / s, which is more than twice the difference. As the ice concentration in the ice water slurry increases, the phase of the detected signal advances. Therefore, based on the relationship between the degree of phase advance and the ice concentration, the ice concentration can be estimated from the degree of phase advance.

(2) Change in signal intensity due to forward scattering (detection example using ultrasonic transducers for transmission and reception at opposite positions)
As the ice concentration increases, the detected amplitude increases. For example, compared to the case of water alone, the ice voltage (IPF) is about 10% and the detected voltage comparison is about 30% larger. Since the detection voltage varies depending on the time constant of the filter that takes low frequency noise, it is calculated by the voltage ratio. Therefore, the ice concentration can be estimated from the correlation between the detected voltage and the ice concentration.
(3) Change in signal intensity due to backscattering (detection by reception with a transmitting transducer)
As the ice concentration increases, the intensity of the scattered and returning signal increases. Therefore, the ice concentration can be estimated from the correlation between the signal intensity and the ice concentration.

In the first means or the second means of the present invention, preferably, a voltage signal of a burst pulse is given to the reception ultrasonic transducer or the transmission ultrasonic transducer. These ultrasonic vibrators vibrate at a signal frequency according to a given voltage signal, and transmit ultrasonic waves to the ice-water slurry flowing in the transport pipe. The burst pulse is a pulse signal that is generated intermittently, and its waveform is, for example, a sine wave or a rectangular wave.
When a continuous sine wave or pulse wave is sent, multiple scattering occurs in the carrier tube, and various scattered waves may come to the receiving ultrasonic transducer, which may make measurement difficult. Therefore, in order to avoid multiple scattering, a voltage signal of a burst pulse is given to the reception ultrasonic transducer or the transmission ultrasonic transducer. In addition, when a burst pulse is applied, there is an advantage that it is easy to observe a physical phenomenon such as backscattering.

Further, in the first means or the second means of the present invention, preferably, a material similar to water in an ice water slurry in which an acoustic impedance flows in the pipe, such as urethane, is disposed around a pipe line around which an ultrasonic transducer is attached. It is composed of.
The reason for this is that a partition such as a slurry transport tube that separates the ice-water slurry from the ultrasonic vibrator reflects and returns the transmission signal transmitted from the ultrasonic vibrator before entering the ice-water slurry. This is because the ice-water slurry and the ultrasonic vibrator are separated from each other in order to prevent this.

In the first means or the second means of the present invention, preferably, an ultrasonic vibrator of a ceramic piezoelectric element is used as the ultrasonic vibrator.
The ultrasonic vibrator of a ceramic piezoelectric element can determine the frequency according to the thickness of the element, can be manufactured from a polymer material, and is easy to handle.

In the first means of the present invention, preferably, the ultrasonic vibrator is configured by incorporating a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators having different transmission frequencies, or in the second means of the present invention, preferably A pair of ultrasonic transducers for transmission and reception are configured by incorporating a plurality of pairs of ultrasonic transducers for transmission and reception having different transmission frequencies.
Since the change characteristic of the backscattering intensity of the ultrasonic wave due to the ice particles varies depending on the frequency, the ice concentration can be measured with higher accuracy by using a plurality of frequencies.

  In the second means of the present invention, preferably, the pipe side surfaces are formed in parallel surfaces facing each other, and the reception ultrasonic transducer and the transmission ultrasonic transducer are both placed at opposite positions of the parallel surfaces. Are attached so that their electrode surfaces are parallel to each other. If comprised in this way, the transmission / reception of the signal between both ultrasonic transducer | vibrators will be performed correctly. If the distance between the two ultrasonic transducers is too wide, the signal is attenuated more than necessary. On the contrary, if it is narrow, it becomes an obstacle to the flow of the ice water slurry, so it is desirable to set an appropriate interval that does not cause these problems.

  In the third means of the present invention, preferably, the forward scattered signal or the back scattered signal received by the receiving ultrasonic transducer is passed through a high-pass filter and an amplifier for removing low-frequency noise, and then compared with a reference value. Then, it sends to the arithmetic unit to calculate the ice concentration. By this signal calculation processing step, the ice concentration can be calculated in real time.

  As described above, according to the method of the present invention, when measuring the ice concentration in the ice slurry flowing in the tube in real time, an ultrasonic transducer is attached to one of the side surfaces of the pipe, The ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the ice water slurry by the child, and the backscattering of the ultrasonic wave due to the ice particles is received, or the pair of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers are attached to the mutually opposing positions on the side surface of the pipe line, The transmission ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves to the ice slurry, and the reception ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasonic forward scatter or back scatter due to ice particles, and then performs processing on the received signals. By calculating the ice concentration, the ice concentration can be accurately obtained in real time.

  Furthermore, according to the device of the present invention, as a device for realizing the first means (method) or the second means (method), the ice water slurry is interposed in a conduit for flowing the ice water slurry, and the flow rate of the ice water slurry is controlled. A volume part with an enlarged cross-sectional area is provided for deceleration, and side surfaces of the volume part are formed on parallel surfaces facing each other, and a reception ultrasonic transducer and a transmission ultrasonic transducer are respectively disposed at opposite positions of the parallel surface. Is attached so that both electrode surfaces are parallel to each other, it is possible to improve the accuracy of ice concentration measurement.

  Therefore, this invention can measure the density | concentration accurately also with respect to ice water slurry with low transparency, such as a secondary coolant and the ice water slurry of seawater. Therefore, it is needless to say that the “ice water slurry” described in each claim includes not only highly transparent ice water slurry such as fresh water but also low water ice slurry such as secondary coolant and seawater ice water slurry.

  In addition, according to the present invention, preferably, by applying a voltage signal of a burst pulse to the reception ultrasonic transducer or the transmission ultrasonic transducer, the ice concentration can be reduced without causing multiple scattering in the carrier tube. The measurement accuracy is further improved, and the transmission line sent from the ultrasonic transducer is constructed by constructing the peripheral pipe to which the ultrasonic transducer is attached with a substance that approximates water among the ice-water slurry in which the acoustic impedance flows in the tube. It is possible to prevent the signal from being erroneously reflected on the wall of the slurry carrying pipe, and to further improve the accuracy of measuring the ice concentration. Preferably, the ultrasonic vibrator is an ultrasonic vibrator of a ceramic piezoelectric element. The frequency can be determined according to the thickness of the element, and the handling is convenient. By incorporating multiple ultrasonic transducers with different numbers, it is possible to further improve the ice concentration measurement. Preferably, the pipe side surfaces are formed as parallel surfaces facing each other, and are positioned at the opposite positions of the parallel surfaces. By installing the ultrasonic transducer for reception and the ultrasonic transducer for transmission so that both electrode surfaces are parallel to each other, signal transmission and reception between the ultrasonic transducers can be performed accurately, and ice concentration measurement It can lead to improvement of accuracy.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.
FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and an elevation view of an ice concentration measuring apparatus mounted on an ice water slurry transport pipe according to the first embodiment. 4 is a block diagram of the ice concentration measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the ice concentration measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a burst pulse. It is.

In FIG. 1 which shows the whole explanatory drawing which concerns on 1st Example, 1 is an ice storage tank which stores the ice water slurry S, and the ice water slurry S stored inside is always stirred with the stirrer 2, and also an ice storage tank 1 is connected to an ice water slurry transport pipe 3 for transporting the ice water slurry S, and the ice water slurry S is transported through the transport pipe 3 by a pump 5 for use in an air conditioning system using ice storage heat. . Reference numeral 4 denotes an ice concentration measuring apparatus according to the present invention, which is attached to the transfer tube 3.
In addition, when conveying ice water slurry by an ice thermal storage system, unlike FIG. 1, the return piping which returns to the ice storage tank 1 may be eliminated, and makeup water may be added to the ice storage tank 1 instead. In some cases, a return pipe is attached for circulation only to measure the concentration of the ice water slurry.

  In FIGS. 2 and 3 showing a cross-sectional view and an elevational view of the ice concentration measuring device mounted on the ice water slurry transport pipe 3 according to the first embodiment, 3a and 3b are partly in the middle of the transport pipe 3. The side walls are enlarged and arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction. A pair of ultrasonic transducer for transmission 6 and ultrasonic transducer for reception 7 are arranged in this part so that the electrode surfaces of these transducers are parallel to each other. It is arranged. Reference numeral 8 denotes a portion of the transport pipe 3 where the peripheral portions of the ultrasonic vibrators 6 and 7 are made of urethane that approximates water in an ice-water slurry having an acoustic impedance flowing in the pipe. Arrow a indicates the flow direction of the ice water slurry.

In FIG. 4 showing a block diagram of the ice concentration measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment, a pulse generated by a pulse signal transmission source (for example, generating a rectangular wave, a sine wave, etc.) 11 is a burst pulse generated by a burst pulse generation circuit 12. For example, it is converted into a rectangular wave or the like shown in FIG. 6 as an example, amplified through an amplifier 13, and a burst pulse voltage signal is applied to the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 6.
The transmission ultrasonic transducer 6 transmits ultrasonic waves to the ice water slurry S based on the frequency of the voltage signal of the burst pulse, and the signal f scattered forward is a reception signal set at the opposite position as a transmission signal. The signal r received by the ultrasonic transducer 7 and scattered backward is received as a reflected signal by the same transmitting ultrasonic transducer 6.

The forward scattered signal f received by the receiving ultrasonic transducer 7 is subjected to low-frequency noise removal by the high-pass filter 14 and then amplified by the amplifier 15, and then compared with the comparator 19 and 20 for the intensity and phase, respectively. The value is compared and sent to the arithmetic unit 21.
The backscattered signal r received as a reflected signal by the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 6 is amplified by the amplifier 17 after the low-frequency noise is removed by the high-pass filter 16 and then compared with the reference value by the comparator 18. Is sent to the arithmetic unit 21.
For these signals f and r, the arithmetic device 21 performs processing such as amplitude detection, averaging calculation, fluctuation measurement (calculation of dispersion of calculated values), and the like, and the ice concentration of the ice water slurry flowing in the transport pipe 3 Is calculated and taken out by DC voltage or DC current.

In the first embodiment, forward scattering or backward scattering of ultrasonic waves due to ice particles is received, and the received signal is processed to calculate the ice concentration. In this case, since a burst pulse voltage signal is applied to the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 6, multiple scattering within the carrier tube 3 can be prevented, and the measurement accuracy of ice concentration can be improved. Since the pipe wall 8 of the portion to which the pipe is attached is made of urethane whose acoustic impedance is flowing in the pipe and is similar to water, the transmission signal transmitted from the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is the pipe wall of the slurry carrying pipe 3 and the like. In this case, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of measuring the ice concentration, and further, the side surfaces of the pipes are formed on the parallel walls 3a and 3b facing each other, and are transmitted to the opposite positions of the parallel surfaces. By attaching the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the receiving ultrasonic transducer 7 so that the electrode surfaces of the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the receiving ultrasonic transducer 7 are parallel to each other, signals can be accurately transmitted and received between the ultrasonic transducers. For accuracy It can lead to.
In this case, since the parallel walls 3a and 3b are enlarged, the flow rate of the ice water slurry S is reduced here, so that the accuracy of measuring the ice concentration is further improved.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5 showing the ice concentration measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment, a measuring tube member 28 made of urethane is inserted in the middle of a pipe 23 for conveying ice water slurry. The measuring tube member 28 is connected to the ice water slurry transport tube 23 at the front and back thereof, and has a tubular gap portion 28a serving as a flow path for the ice water slurry. The outer surface of the measuring tube member 28 is flattened and transmitted to and received from the flat surface 28b. A combined ultrasonic transducer 26 is attached. Reference numeral 31 denotes a pulse signal transmission source that sends a pulse signal to the ultrasonic transducer 26, and an arrow a indicates the flow direction of the ice water slurry.

In the apparatus of the second embodiment, a burst pulse voltage signal is sent from the pulse signal transmission source 31 to the ultrasonic transducer 26 for both transmission and reception, and the ultrasonic transducer 26 vibrates at the signal frequency by the applied voltage signal, Ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ice water slurry flowing in the measuring tube member 28. A signal scattered backward by hitting the ice particles is received as a reflected signal by the ultrasonic transducer 26 for both transmitting and receiving.
This reflected signal is processed by a signal processing circuit (not shown) such as amplification, noise processing, amplitude detection, averaging calculation, and fluctuation measurement (dispersion calculation of the calculated value), and the signal intensity change characteristics and phase with respect to ice concentration. From the change characteristics, the ice concentration of the ice water slurry flowing in the transport pipe 23 is calculated and taken out by a DC voltage or a DC current.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, an ultrasonic wave based on a burst pulse is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 26 which is used for both transmission and reception, and a signal scattered backward by hitting an ice particle or the like is received by the ultrasonic transducer 26, and the ice Since the ice concentration of the ice water slurry flowing in the transport pipe 23 is calculated from the signal intensity change characteristic and the phase change characteristic with respect to the concentration, the ice concentration can be measured in real time with high accuracy.
Further, by giving a voltage signal of a burst pulse to the ultrasonic transducer 26, the accuracy of measuring the ice concentration is further improved without causing multiple scattering in the transport tube 23, and the peripheral tube to which the ultrasonic transducer 26 is attached is provided. By configuring the path with urethane that is similar to water among the ice-water slurry in which the acoustic impedance flows in the tube, the transmission signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer is prevented from being erroneously reflected by the tube wall of the measurement tube member 28 or the like. Thus, the accuracy of measuring the ice concentration can be further improved.

  According to the present invention, for example, when transporting ice water slurry from an ice maker or ice water slurry used in an air conditioning system using ice heat storage to a desired location, the ice concentration in the ice water slurry is increased. It is possible to provide an ice water concentration measurement method and apparatus capable of measuring in real time and with high accuracy using sound waves.

FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the ice concentration measuring apparatus attached to the ice water slurry transport pipe according to the first embodiment. It is an elevational view of an ice concentration measuring device mounted on an ice water slurry transport pipe according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram of the ice concentration measuring apparatus which concerns on the said 1st Example. It is a perspective view of the ice concentration measuring apparatus which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. It is a diagram which shows an example of a burst pulse.

Explanation of symbols

1 Ice storage tank 3, 23 Ice water slurry transport pipe 3a, 3b Parallel wall
4 Ice Concentration Measuring Device 6 Transmitting Ultrasonic Vibrator 7 Receiving Ultrasonic Vibrator 8 Urethane Unit 11, 31 Pulse Signal Transmission Source 12 Burst Pulse Generation Circuits 13, 15, 17 Amplifiers 14, 16 High-Pass Filters 18, 19, 20 Comparator 21 Computing device 26 Transmission / reception ultrasonic transducer 28 Measuring tube member 28b Flat surface a Ice water slurry flow direction S Ice water slurry

Claims (9)

  When measuring the ice concentration in the ice water slurry that is flowing in the pipe in real time, an ultrasonic transducer is attached to one side of the pipe, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted toward the ice water slurry by the ultrasonic transducer. A method for measuring ice water concentration using ultrasonic waves, comprising: receiving backscattering of ultrasonic waves caused by ice particles; and calculating the ice concentration by computing the received signal.   When measuring the ice concentration in the ice water slurry in a flow state in the tube in real time, a pair of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers are attached to the mutually opposite positions on the side of the pipe, and the transmitting ultrasonic transducer Ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ice water slurry, ultrasonic wave front scattering or back scattering is received by the receiving ultrasonic transducer, and the received signal is processed to calculate the ice concentration. An ice water concentration measurement method using ultrasonic waves.   3. The method for measuring ice water concentration by ultrasonic waves according to claim 1, wherein a burst pulse voltage signal is applied to the reception ultrasonic transducer or the transmission ultrasonic transducer.   The superconductor according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a peripheral pipe line to which the ultrasonic vibrator is attached is made of a material whose acoustic impedance is close to water among ice-water slurries flowing in the pipe. Ice water concentration measurement method by sound wave.   The ultrasonic water concentration measurement method using ultrasonic waves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an ultrasonic vibrator of a ceramic piezoelectric element is used as the ultrasonic vibrator.   2. The method for measuring ice water concentration by ultrasonic waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator is constructed by incorporating a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators having different transmission frequencies.   The ultrasonic ice water according to claim 2, wherein the pair of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers are configured by incorporating a plurality of pairs of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers having different transmission frequencies. Concentration measurement method.   A volume part with an enlarged cross-sectional area is provided in order to reduce the flow rate of the ice water slurry, and the side surfaces of the same volume part are formed as parallel surfaces facing each other. An ultrasonic ice water concentration measuring device, wherein an ultrasonic transducer for reception and an ultrasonic transducer for transmission are attached so that their electrode surfaces are parallel to each other at opposite positions.   The forward scatter signal or the back scatter signal received by the ultrasonic transducer for reception is compared with a reference value through a high-pass filter and an amplifier that remove low-frequency noise, and then sent to an arithmetic device to calculate the ice concentration. The apparatus for measuring ice water concentration by ultrasonic waves according to claim 8.

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