JP2005238969A - On-vehicle electricity storage device, and electricity storage device replacing stand - Google Patents

On-vehicle electricity storage device, and electricity storage device replacing stand Download PDF

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JP2005238969A
JP2005238969A JP2004051181A JP2004051181A JP2005238969A JP 2005238969 A JP2005238969 A JP 2005238969A JP 2004051181 A JP2004051181 A JP 2004051181A JP 2004051181 A JP2004051181 A JP 2004051181A JP 2005238969 A JP2005238969 A JP 2005238969A
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storage device
vehicle
power storage
battery
charged
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Takehiko Nishida
健彦 西田
Kimiyo Tokuda
君代 徳田
Akira Hashimoto
彰 橋本
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an on-vehicle electricity storage device suitable for efficiently replacing the on-vehicle electricity storage device mounted on a vehicle, and a electricity storage device replacing stand capable of efficiently replacing the on-vehicle electricity storage device. <P>SOLUTION: The electricity storage device replacing stand replaces a used on-vehicle electricity storage device 10a with less residual power which is mounted on and used for a vehicle 100 running with the power as a power source with a charged on-vehicle electricity storage device 10b. Since the on-vehicle electricity storage device having a memory to record information on the service condition is replaced, every processing regarding the replacement can be rapidly performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電気自動車、ハイブリッド車両、電車等の車両に動力源として搭載される車載用蓄電装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an in-vehicle power storage device mounted as a power source in a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a train.

バッテリ（二次電池）からの給電によりモータを駆動して走行する電気自動車等の車両は、搭載しているバッテリの残存電力量が少なくなると蓄電電力を回復させる必要がある。
上記バッテリの蓄電電力の回復手法として、例えば、バッテリに電力を充電する手法がある。一般的には、バッテリの充電は、走行を行わない夜間等に本体外部に設置された充電器によって行われるが、充電に数十分から数時間を要することとなる他、家庭に大容量の充電器が必要となることから費用がかかる。
また、走行中にバッテリの充電が必要となった場合には、給電スタンド等に立ち寄り、急速充電を行うこととなる。しかしながら、急速な充電は、電池劣化を引き起こす原因となり、好ましくない。また、急速充電といっても充電には少なくとも数分要することとなるため、走行効率も低下する。
一方、走行中に充電する必要が生じないように、最初から大容量のバッテリを搭載することも考えられるが、これでは車体重量が増加するために走行効率が低下し、また、バッテリ自体の価格も上がってしまう。
そこで、上述した充電手法に代わって、バッテリ自体を交換することにより、蓄電電力を回復させる手法が、例えば、特開平６−２６２９５１号公報（特許文献１）に提案されている。
上記特許文献１には、バッテリ式電気自動車に搭載されている残量の少ないバッテリを充電されたバッテリと交換する際に、車両から取り外されたバッテリの残存電力量（電気残量値）を測定し、その測定値と車両に取り付けたバッテリの残存電力量との差に応じた金額を課金情報としたエネルギー供給方法が開示されている。
特開平６−２６２９５１号公報 A vehicle such as an electric vehicle that travels by driving a motor by supplying power from a battery (secondary battery) needs to recover the stored power when the amount of remaining power in the battery mounted decreases.
As a method for recovering the stored power of the battery, for example, there is a method of charging power to the battery. In general, the battery is charged by a charger installed outside the main body at night when the vehicle is not running. However, it takes several tens of minutes to several hours to charge the battery. It costs money because it needs a charger.
Further, when the battery needs to be charged during traveling, the vehicle stops at a power supply stand or the like and performs rapid charging. However, rapid charging causes battery deterioration and is not preferable. Moreover, even if it is said quick charge, since charging will require at least several minutes, driving efficiency will also fall.
On the other hand, it is conceivable to install a battery with a large capacity from the beginning so that it does not need to be charged during traveling, but this increases the weight of the vehicle body, resulting in decreased traveling efficiency and the price of the battery itself Will also go up.
Therefore, instead of the above-described charging method, a method for recovering the stored power by replacing the battery itself has been proposed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-262951 (Patent Document 1).
In Patent Document 1 described above, when a battery with a small remaining amount mounted on a battery-powered electric vehicle is replaced with a charged battery, the remaining electric power (electrical remaining amount value) of the battery removed from the vehicle is measured. An energy supply method is disclosed in which an amount corresponding to the difference between the measured value and the amount of remaining power of the battery attached to the vehicle is billing information.
JP-A-6-262951

しかしながら、上記特許文献１の発明では、車両から取り外されたバッテリの残存電力量を必ず測定する必要があるため、残存電力量の検出装置を備える必要があり、費用や時間がかかるという問題があった。
また、一般的に、バッテリには過充電等を防止するための保護回路が設けられている。従って、残量が少なくなったバッテリ本体を車両から取り外す際、及び、充電されたバッテリ本体を車両に取り付ける際には、この保護回路が車両側や充電器側についていると、保護回路とバッテリ本体とを解線したり接続する作業を行わなければならないため、作業負担が大きいという問題があった。上記特許文献１に開示されている発明では、このような保護回路に起因するバッテリ交換の作業負担等の問題については一切開示・示唆されていない。 However, in the invention of Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to measure the remaining power amount of the battery removed from the vehicle, it is necessary to provide a detection device for the remaining power amount, which is expensive and time consuming. It was.
In general, the battery is provided with a protection circuit for preventing overcharge and the like. Therefore, when removing the remaining battery body from the vehicle, and when attaching the charged battery body to the vehicle, the protection circuit and the battery body are located on the vehicle side or the charger side. There is a problem that the work load is heavy because it is necessary to perform the work of disconnecting and connecting the two. In the invention disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, there is no disclosure or suggestion of problems such as a battery replacement work load caused by such a protection circuit.

本発明は、上記問題を解決するためになされたもので、車両に搭載された車載用蓄電装置を効率よく交換するのに適した車載用蓄電装置及び効率よく車載用蓄電装置を交換することが可能な蓄電装置交換スタンドを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and it is possible to efficiently replace an in-vehicle power storage device mounted on a vehicle and to efficiently replace the in-vehicle power storage device. An object of the present invention is to provide a power storage device exchange stand that can be used.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の手段を採用する。
本発明は、電力を動力源として走行する車両に、着脱可能に搭載される車載用蓄電装置であって、使用状態に関する情報を記録する記憶手段を備えることを特徴とする車載用蓄電装置を提供する。
このように、車載用蓄電装置自らが使用状態に関する情報を記録する記録手段を備えているので、例えば、車両から取り外された車載用蓄電装置を充電する装置や、車両の制御装置等は、当該車載用蓄電装置の記憶手段に記録されている使用状態に関する情報を読み出すという簡単な処理を実行することにより、その使用状態を速やかに把握することが可能となる。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The present invention provides an in-vehicle power storage device that is detachably mounted on a vehicle that travels using electric power as a power source, and includes a storage unit that records information on a use state. To do.
As described above, since the in-vehicle power storage device itself includes a recording unit that records information on the usage state, for example, a device for charging the in-vehicle power storage device removed from the vehicle, a control device for the vehicle, By executing a simple process of reading out information on the usage state recorded in the storage means of the in-vehicle power storage device, it is possible to quickly grasp the usage state.

また、上記記載の車載用蓄電装置は、保護回路を備えていることが好ましい。
車載用蓄電装置には、充放電を行う際に過充電等から電池を保護するための保護回路が必要となる。本発明によれば、この保護回路を車載用蓄電装置に付加し、保護回路をも含めて１つのユニットとして着脱可能として取り扱うことが可能となるので、車載用蓄電装置の取り外し、及び、取り付け時における作業負担を軽減させることが可能となる。
また、当該装置を充電する場合においても、充電装置側が保護回路に相当する機能を備えている必要がないため、充電装置の構成を簡素化することができる。
なお、上記保護回路は、例えば、車載用蓄電装置の信頼性、又は安全性を高めるための回路であって、具体的には、過充放電、過電流、過昇温等を防止する機能を有している。
また、記憶手段はこの保護回路内に備えられていても良い。 Moreover, it is preferable that the vehicle-mounted power storage device described above includes a protection circuit.
The on-vehicle power storage device requires a protection circuit for protecting the battery from overcharging or the like when charging and discharging. According to the present invention, since this protection circuit is added to the in-vehicle power storage device and can be handled as a single unit including the protection circuit, it is possible to remove and install the in-vehicle power storage device. It is possible to reduce the work load in
In addition, even when the device is charged, the charging device side does not need to have a function corresponding to the protection circuit, so that the configuration of the charging device can be simplified.
The protection circuit is, for example, a circuit for improving the reliability or safety of the in-vehicle power storage device, and specifically has a function of preventing overcharge / discharge, overcurrent, overheating, etc. Have.
Further, the storage means may be provided in this protection circuit.

また、上記発明の車載用蓄電装置は、複数の二次電池が直列接続された組電池を少なくとも２つ並列接続して構成されるとともに、前記組電池はそれぞれ単独して着脱可能であり、且つ、該組電池に対応して前記保護回路及び前記記憶手段がそれぞれ設けられていることが好ましい。
このように、車載用蓄電装置は、組電池が並列接続されて構成されており、また、各組電池はそれぞれ単体で着脱可能であるため、電池残容量が少なくなった組電池のみを選択して交換することができる。これにより、交換可能な単位を最小限にすることにより、効率よく且つ効果的に蓄電装置の交換を行うことが可能となる。 Further, the in-vehicle power storage device of the above invention is configured by connecting in parallel at least two assembled batteries in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series, and each of the assembled batteries is detachable independently, and It is preferable that the protection circuit and the storage unit are provided corresponding to the assembled battery.
As described above, the in-vehicle power storage device is configured by connecting the assembled batteries in parallel, and each assembled battery is detachable as a single unit. Therefore, select only the assembled battery with a small remaining battery capacity. Can be exchanged. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently and effectively replace the power storage device by minimizing the replaceable units.

また、上記発明の車載用蓄電装置において、前記保護回路は、均一充電手段を備えていることが好ましい。
このように、車載用蓄電装置を構成する各二次電池を均一に充電させるための均一充電手段を備えていることにより、最適な充電を行うことが可能となる。 In the in-vehicle power storage device of the above invention, it is preferable that the protection circuit includes uniform charging means.
As described above, it is possible to perform optimum charging by including uniform charging means for uniformly charging each secondary battery constituting the in-vehicle power storage device.

また、上記発明の車載用蓄電装置において、前記使用状態に係る情報には、使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量のグレード、及び搭載対応車種から選ばれる少なくとも１つ以上の情報が含まれていることが好ましい。
このように使用回数が記憶手段に記録されていることにより、使用回数に応じた細やかな充放電制御を行うことができるとともに、劣化状態を推定することが可能となる。
また、残存電力量が記憶手段に記録されていることにより、瞬時に該当電池の残存電力量を装置側（例えば、充電装置や車両の制御装置）へ通知することができるので、車載装置側では簡単に搭載電池全体の残存電力を演算して計器類の表示等を行うことができ、充電装置側では料金の差額計算等の処理時間の短縮を図ることが可能となる。 In the in-vehicle power storage device of the above invention, the information on the usage state includes at least one piece of information selected from the number of times of use, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, the battery capacity grade, and the vehicle model for mounting. It is preferably included.
As described above, since the number of times of use is recorded in the storage means, it is possible to perform fine charge / discharge control according to the number of times of use and to estimate the deterioration state.
Further, since the remaining power amount is recorded in the storage means, the remaining power amount of the corresponding battery can be instantaneously notified to the device side (for example, a charging device or a vehicle control device). It is possible to easily calculate the remaining power of the entire on-board battery and display the instruments, etc., and to shorten the processing time for calculating the charge difference on the charging device side.

また、一般的に、蓄電装置は充放電を繰り返し行うことにより劣化する。従って、車載用蓄電装置の積算電力量が記憶手段に記録されていることにより、当該車載用蓄電装置の劣化の程度を推定することができる。これにより、蓄電装置の劣化の程度に応じた充放電を行うことが可能となり、車載用蓄電装置の劣化程度に応じた無理のない使用形態をとることができる。また、劣化の程度に応じて搭載可能な車両を変えたり、電池容量グレード（例えば、充電可能な最大容量の大きさ）を変えるようにすることも可能である。
例えば、積算電力量が所定の閾値を超えた車載用蓄電装置については、比較的出力の小さな車両に搭載するか、又は容量グレードが小さいグレードの電池に変更するようにすることで、車載用蓄電装置に負担の少ない使用形態を取ることができるとともに、寿命まで無駄なく有効に使用することができる。
また、車載用蓄電装置は、車両であればどの車両にも搭載が可能であるわけではなく、車種等に応じて搭載される蓄電装置の種類が異なる。従って、車載用蓄電装置に搭載可能な車種の情報を記録しておくことにより、車両側では、搭載された蓄電装置が当該車両に適合するものであるか否かを瞬時に把握することが可能となる。 In general, the power storage device is deteriorated by repeatedly charging and discharging. Accordingly, the degree of deterioration of the in-vehicle power storage device can be estimated by recording the accumulated power amount of the in-vehicle power storage device in the storage means. As a result, charging / discharging according to the degree of deterioration of the power storage device can be performed, and it is possible to adopt a reasonable usage according to the degree of deterioration of the in-vehicle power storage device. It is also possible to change the vehicle that can be mounted according to the degree of deterioration, or to change the battery capacity grade (for example, the maximum capacity that can be charged).
For example, an in-vehicle power storage device whose integrated power amount exceeds a predetermined threshold is mounted in a vehicle with a relatively small output, or is changed to a battery with a smaller capacity grade, so that the in-vehicle power storage device The apparatus can be used with less burden on the apparatus and can be used effectively without waste until the end of its service life.
Further, the in-vehicle power storage device cannot be mounted on any vehicle as long as it is a vehicle, and the type of power storage device mounted varies depending on the vehicle type and the like. Therefore, by recording information on the types of vehicles that can be mounted on the in-vehicle power storage device, it is possible for the vehicle to instantly know whether the mounted power storage device is compatible with the vehicle. It becomes.

また、上記発明は、電力を動力源として走行する車両に搭載されて使用されることにより、残存電力量が少なくなった使用済み車載用蓄電装置を充電済み車載用蓄電装置に交換するための蓄電装置交換スタンドであって、前記車載用蓄電装置は使用状態に関する情報を記録するための記憶手段を備えており、前記車両から取り外された前記使用済み車載用蓄電装置を充電して、交換用の前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置として保管することを特徴とする蓄電装置交換スタンドを提供する。
このように、本発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドは、使用状態に関する情報が記録されている記憶手段を備える車載用蓄電装置を取り扱い対象としているため、充電を行う場合には、その使用状態に関する情報を読み出すことにより、例えば、どの程度充電を行ったら良いのかを瞬時に把握することが可能となる。
また、充電済み車載用蓄電装置には、最新の使用状態に関する情報が記録されているので、この車載用蓄電装置を搭載した車両の制御装置は、記憶手段に記録されている最新の使用情報に関する情報を読み出すという処理を行うだけで、残存電力量等の使用状態を把握することが可能となる。
また、上記使用状態に関する情報としては、例えば、使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量グレード、搭載対応車種等が挙げられる。 In addition, the above-described invention is a power storage device for replacing a used in-vehicle power storage device whose remaining power amount is reduced to a charged in-vehicle power storage device by being mounted on and used in a vehicle traveling using power as a power source. An in-vehicle storage device, wherein the in-vehicle power storage device includes storage means for recording information relating to a use state, and charges the used in-vehicle power storage device removed from the vehicle for replacement. Provided is a power storage device replacement stand that is stored as the charged in-vehicle power storage device.
As described above, since the power storage device replacement stand of the present invention is intended for handling an in-vehicle power storage device including storage means in which information on the usage state is recorded, when charging, information on the usage state is provided. By reading, for example, it is possible to instantly grasp how much charging should be performed.
In addition, since the information on the latest use state is recorded in the charged in-vehicle power storage device, the control device for the vehicle equipped with this in-vehicle power storage device relates to the latest use information recorded in the storage means. It is possible to grasp the usage state such as the remaining power amount only by performing the process of reading out the information.
Examples of the information on the use state include the number of uses, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, the battery capacity grade, and the vehicle model for mounting.

また、本発明は、電力を動力源として走行する車両に搭載されて使用されることにより、残存電力量が少なくなった使用済み組電池を充電済み組電池に交換するための蓄電装置交換スタンドであって、前記組電池は複数の二次電池が直列接続されて構成されるとともに、前記車両においては、複数の前記組電池が並列接続されて使用され、且つ、各組電池は使用状態に関する情報を記録するための記憶手段を備えており、前記車両から取り外された前記使用済み組電池を充電して、交換用の前記組電池として保管することを特徴とする蓄電装置交換スタンドを提供する。
このように、本発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドは、使用状態に関する情報が記録されている記憶手段を備える組電池を取り扱い対象としているため、充電を行う場合には、その使用状態に関する情報を読み出すことにより、例えば、どの程度充電を行ったら良いのかを瞬時に把握することが可能となる。
また、組電池は、交換が可能となる最小限の単位であるため、効率よく、且つ効果的に交換を行うことが可能となる。 Further, the present invention is a power storage device replacement stand for replacing a used assembled battery whose remaining power amount has been reduced to a charged assembled battery by being used in a vehicle that travels using electric power as a power source. The assembled battery is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries in series, and in the vehicle, the plurality of assembled batteries are used in parallel connection, and each assembled battery is information on a use state. And a storage unit for storing the battery pack, wherein the used assembled battery removed from the vehicle is charged and stored as the assembled battery for replacement.
As described above, since the power storage device replacement stand of the present invention is intended for handling an assembled battery including a storage unit in which information on the usage state is recorded, when charging, the information on the usage state is read out. Thus, for example, it is possible to instantly grasp how much charging should be performed.
In addition, since the assembled battery is a minimum unit that can be replaced, it can be replaced efficiently and effectively.

また、上記発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいて、前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置又は前記充電済み組電池は、搭載対応車種毎に区分して保管されていることが好ましい。
このように、搭載対応車種毎に区分して配置されていることによって、車両に適合する車載用蓄電装置を極めて簡単に選択することが可能となる。 In the power storage device replacement stand according to the invention, it is preferable that the charged in-vehicle power storage device or the charged assembled battery is stored separately for each mountable vehicle type.
As described above, the vehicle-mounted power storage device suitable for the vehicle can be selected very easily by being divided and arranged for each vehicle type corresponding to the mounting.

また、上記発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいて、前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置又は前記充電済み組電池の電池容量は数段階に分けられており、各電池容量別に区分して保管されていることが好ましい。
このように、電池容量が数段階に分けられている充電済み車載用蓄電装置がその電池容量別に区分して保管エリアに置かれているので、走行状態に応じた最適な電池容量の車載用蓄電装置を選択することができる。これにより、例えば、あと少しの距離を走行すれば目的地へ到着することができ、また、その目的地では無料で充電を行うことができるような場合には、必要最低限の電池容量の車載用蓄電装置を選ぶことにより、出費を最小限に抑えることができる。また、予算に応じても好ましい電池容量の車載用蓄電装置を選択することが可能となる。 In the power storage device replacement stand of the above invention, the battery capacity of the charged in-vehicle power storage device or the charged assembled battery is divided into several stages, and preferably stored separately for each battery capacity. .
In this way, the charged in-vehicle power storage devices with battery capacity divided into several stages are placed in the storage area separately according to their battery capacity, so the in-vehicle power storage with the optimal battery capacity according to the running state A device can be selected. Thus, for example, if you can travel to a destination after a short distance, and you can charge for free at that destination, the vehicle will have the minimum battery capacity required. Expenses can be minimized by selecting a power storage device. Further, it is possible to select a vehicle-mounted power storage device having a preferable battery capacity even in accordance with the budget.

また、上記発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいて、前記車載用蓄電装置又は前記組電池の前記記憶手段に記録されている積算電力量が予め設定されている所定の閾値以上であった場合に、又は、前記記憶手段に記録されている使用回数が予め設定されている所定回数以上であった場合に、前記搭載対応車種が出力の小さい車種に変更されるか、又は前記電池容量グレードが小さいグレードに変更されることが好ましい。   Further, in the power storage device replacement stand of the above invention, when the integrated power amount recorded in the storage means of the in-vehicle power storage device or the assembled battery is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, or When the number of times of use recorded in the storage means is equal to or greater than a predetermined number of times set in advance, the mounted compatible vehicle type is changed to a vehicle type with a smaller output, or the battery capacity grade is changed to a smaller grade. It is preferred that

一般的に、車載用蓄電装置は充放電を繰り返し行うことにより劣化する。また、劣化の程度は、積算電力量や使用回数に基づいて推定することが可能である。
本発明では、車載用蓄電装置の記憶手段に記録されている積算電力量が予め設定されている所定の閾値以上であった場合、又は、使用回数が所定の回数以上であった場合に、現在の搭載対象車種や電池充放電容量でこのまま使用し続けるには適しないと判断し、搭載対象車種を現在のよりも出力の小さな車種に変更したり、電池容量グレードを下げたりする。
これにより、車載用蓄電装置の劣化程度に応じた無理のない使用形態をとることができ、寿命となるまで無駄なく有効に使用することができる。
また、劣化が著しいときなどに備えて、廃棄を指示する廃棄閾値についても設定しておくことにより、この廃棄閾値を超えた車載用蓄電装置については、廃棄するようにしても良い。
また、上記搭載対象車種に対応する上記積算電力量の閾値、又は使用回数に対する所定回数（閾値）と、電池容量グレードに対応するこれらの閾値とは、個別に設定されうる。 Generally, an in-vehicle power storage device is deteriorated by repeatedly charging and discharging. In addition, the degree of deterioration can be estimated based on the accumulated power amount and the number of times of use.
In the present invention, when the integrated power amount recorded in the storage means of the in-vehicle power storage device is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, or when the number of uses is greater than or equal to a predetermined number of times, It is determined that it is not suitable to continue to be used as it is due to the mounting target car model and battery charge / discharge capacity, and the mounting target car model is changed to a car model with a smaller output than the current one, or the battery capacity grade is lowered.
Thereby, it is possible to adopt a reasonable usage according to the degree of deterioration of the in-vehicle power storage device, and it can be used effectively without waste until it reaches the end of its life.
Further, in preparation for when the deterioration is significant, an in-vehicle power storage device that exceeds the discard threshold may be discarded by setting a discard threshold for instructing discard.
Moreover, the threshold value of the integrated electric energy corresponding to the vehicle model to be mounted or the predetermined number (threshold value) for the number of times of use and these threshold values corresponding to the battery capacity grade can be set individually.

本発明の車載用蓄電装置によれば、当該車載用蓄電装置の使用状態を速やかに装置側へ伝えることができるので、当該車載用蓄電装置の充電や、車両への搭載を効率よく行わせることが可能となる。
また、本発明の蓄電装置交換スタンドによれば、使用状態に関する情報が記録されている記憶手段を備える車載用蓄電装置又は組電池を取り扱い対象としているため、この使用状態に関する情報を読み出すという処理を行うだけで、その蓄電装置の使用状態を瞬時に把握することができる。この結果、非常に効率よく充電や車両への搭載を行わせることができる。 According to the in-vehicle power storage device of the present invention, the usage state of the in-vehicle power storage device can be promptly transmitted to the device side, so that the in-vehicle power storage device can be efficiently charged and mounted on the vehicle. Is possible.
In addition, according to the power storage device exchange stand of the present invention, since the vehicle-mounted power storage device or the assembled battery including the storage unit in which the information on the usage state is recorded is handled, the process of reading out the information on the usage state is performed. By simply performing it, the usage state of the power storage device can be grasped instantaneously. As a result, charging and mounting on the vehicle can be performed very efficiently.

以下に、本発明の第１の実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態に係る蓄電装置交換スタンドの主な構成を示したものである。本実施形態に係る蓄電装置交換スタンドは、電力を動力源として走行する車両１００に搭載されて使用されることにより、残存電力量が少なくなった使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａを充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂに交換するために設けられている。
そのため、本実施形態に係る蓄電装置交換スタンドは、使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａを充電するための充電装置２０と、充電装置２０により充電された車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを交換用の充電済み車載用蓄電装置として保管する保管エリア３０とを備えている。
また、保管エリア３０には、各車載対応車種毎に充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂが保管されている。これにより、車載用蓄電装置の交換時においては、非常に容易に車両１００に適合する充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを選ぶことができる。
更に、充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂは、それぞれ電池容量グレードが数段階に分けられており、各電池容量別に区分して保管されている。ここで、電池容量グレードとは、充電可能な最大容量をいう。本実施形態では、この電池容量グレードを定格の４０％、６０％、及び９０％の３段階に分けている。 Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a main configuration of a power storage device replacement stand according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The power storage device replacement stand according to the present embodiment is used by being mounted on a vehicle 100 that travels using electric power as a power source, so that the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a in which the remaining power amount is reduced is charged. It is provided to replace the device 10b.
Therefore, the power storage device replacement stand according to the present embodiment includes a charging device 20 for charging the used on-vehicle power storage device 10a and a charged on-vehicle power storage device 10b that is charged by the charging device 20 for replacement. And a storage area 30 for storage as a power storage device.
Further, in the storage area 30, a charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b is stored for each in-vehicle compatible vehicle type. Thereby, when exchanging the in-vehicle power storage device, the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b suitable for the vehicle 100 can be selected very easily.
Further, the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b is divided into several battery capacity grades, and is stored separately for each battery capacity. Here, the battery capacity grade refers to the maximum capacity that can be charged. In this embodiment, the battery capacity grade is divided into three stages of 40%, 60%, and 90% of the rating.

次に、上記蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいて、取り扱われる車載用蓄電装置の詳細について説明する。図２は、本実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置の主な構成を示した図である。
この図に示すように、本実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置１０は、バッテリ本体１１と、保護回路１２と、メモリ（記憶手段）１３とを主な構成要素としている。
バッテリ本体１１は、リチウムイオン電池等の二次電池が直列に接続された組電池が、複数並列接続されることにより構成されている。
保護回路１２は、車載用蓄電装置１０の信頼性及び安全性を高めるための回路である。例えば、過充放電、過電流、過昇温等を防止するための機能を備えている他、各二次電池の充電を均一化させるための均一充電機能を備えている。この均一充電機能を実現させる回路としては、セルバランス回路が一般的なものとして知られている。
また、保護回路１２の一部には、メモリ１３が備えられており、当該車載用蓄電装置１０の使用状態に関する情報が記録されている。具体的には、使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量グレード、及び搭載対応車種等が記録されている。 Next, details of the in-vehicle power storage device handled in the power storage device replacement stand will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of the in-vehicle power storage device according to the present embodiment.
As shown in this figure, the in-vehicle power storage device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a battery main body 11, a protection circuit 12, and a memory (storage means) 13 as main components.
The battery body 11 is configured by connecting in parallel a plurality of assembled batteries in which secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries are connected in series.
The protection circuit 12 is a circuit for improving the reliability and safety of the in-vehicle power storage device 10. For example, it has a function for preventing overcharging / discharging, overcurrent, overheating, etc., and also has a uniform charging function for making the charging of each secondary battery uniform. As a circuit for realizing this uniform charging function, a cell balance circuit is generally known.
Further, a part of the protection circuit 12 is provided with a memory 13, and information on the usage state of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 is recorded. Specifically, the number of times of use, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, the battery capacity grade, the vehicle model for mounting, and the like are recorded.

次に、上述したような蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいて、車両１００に搭載されている残存電力量の乏しくなった使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａを充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂに交換する場合について図１を参照して説明する。
まず、車両１００に着脱可能に搭載されている車載用蓄電装置１０ａを取り外す作業を行う。この取り外し作業は、蓄電装置交換スタンドに常駐する作業員によって行われても良いし、自動的に行われるようにしても良い。また、運転手自らが行うようにしても良い。ここで、車両１００から取り外された使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａのメモリには、現時点における使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量グレード、搭載対応車種等が記録されている。なお、これら使用状態に関する情報は、車両１００に搭載されているときにおいて、車両１００のＥＣＵ（制御装置）により書き込まれた情報である。 Next, in the power storage device replacement stand as described above, FIG. 1 shows a case where the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a mounted on the vehicle 100 and having a low remaining power amount is replaced with a charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b. The description will be given with reference.
First, an operation of removing the in-vehicle power storage device 10a detachably mounted on the vehicle 100 is performed. This removal operation may be performed by a worker resident at the power storage device replacement stand, or may be performed automatically. Alternatively, the driver himself may perform it. Here, in the memory of the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a removed from the vehicle 100, the number of times of use, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, the battery capacity grade, the vehicle model for mounting, and the like are recorded. It should be noted that the information regarding the use state is information written by the ECU (control device) of the vehicle 100 when mounted on the vehicle 100.

このようにして使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａが完全に車両１００から取り外されると、次に、保管エリア３０に保管されている各種充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂの中から最適なものを選択し、選択した充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを車両１００に取り付ける作業が行われる。この場合において、保管エリア３０には、各搭載対応車種毎に充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂが置かれているので、車両１００に適合するものを簡単に選択することができる。更に、電池容量別に区分して充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂが置かれていることから、これからの予想走行距離に応じて適切な電池容量の充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを選択することが可能となる。
そして、適切な充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを選択すると、これを車両１００に搭載する。搭載が完全になされると、車両１００のＥＣＵ（図示略）は、搭載された車載用蓄電装置１０のメモリ１３（図２参照）に記録されている現在の残存電力量を読み出すことにより、瞬時に該当電池の残存電力量についてのデータを取得することができる。従って、車載用蓄電装置１０の残存電力量等を簡単に算出でき、ＥＣＵの処理負担の軽減を図ることができるとともに、処理時間も短くすることができる。 When the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is completely removed from the vehicle 100 in this way, next, the optimum one is selected from the various charged in-vehicle power storage devices 10b stored in the storage area 30, The operation of attaching the selected charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b to the vehicle 100 is performed. In this case, in the storage area 30, the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10 b is placed for each mounting-compatible vehicle type, so that one that is suitable for the vehicle 100 can be easily selected. Furthermore, since the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b is placed according to the battery capacity, it is possible to select the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b having an appropriate battery capacity according to the expected travel distance. Become.
When an appropriate charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b is selected, it is mounted on the vehicle 100. When the mounting is complete, the ECU (not shown) of the vehicle 100 reads the current remaining power amount recorded in the memory 13 (see FIG. 2) of the mounted on-vehicle power storage device 10 to instantaneously The data on the remaining power amount of the corresponding battery can be acquired. Therefore, the amount of remaining power of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 can be easily calculated, the processing load on the ECU can be reduced, and the processing time can be shortened.

次に、上記車両１００から取り外された使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａの取り扱いについて説明する。
まず、使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａは、作業員等により充電装置２０に接続される。
充電装置２０は、車載用蓄電装置１０が完全に接続されたことを検知すると、充電に関する処理を実行する。
具体的には、以下に示すような処理が充電装置２０内の制御装置（図示略）により行われることにより、所定の充電制御が実施される。 Next, handling of the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a removed from the vehicle 100 will be described.
First, the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is connected to the charging device 20 by a worker or the like.
When the charging device 20 detects that the in-vehicle power storage device 10 is completely connected, the charging device 20 performs processing related to charging.
Specifically, predetermined charging control is performed by performing the following processing by a control device (not shown) in the charging device 20.

まず、制御装置は、車載用蓄電装置１０のメモリ１３に記録されている使用回数及び積算電力量に基づいて当該車載用蓄電装置１０の劣化状態を判定する。
具体的には、使用回数が予め設定されている所定の閾値を超えていないか、また、積算電力量が予め設定されている所定の閾値を超えていないかを判定する。ここで、閾値とは、各車載用蓄電装置１０の劣化程度にあわせて段階的に設定されているものである。例えば、閾値として、廃棄を指示する廃棄閾値や、車種変更を指示する車種変更閾値、電池容量グレードの変更を指示する電池容量グレード閾値等が使用回数及び積算電力量をパラメータとしてそれぞれ設定されている。
そして、使用回数及び積算電力量のいずれかが上記廃棄閾値を超えた場合には、劣化の程度が著しいと判断して、廃棄を行うよう旨の通知を行う。なお、この通知の手法としては、充電装置２０が備えている表示装置（図示略）に表示させることにより視覚的に通知を行う他、ブザー等のように聴覚的に知らせる手法等がある。
また、廃棄閾値までには達していないが車種変更閾値を超えた場合には、現在搭載可能としている車種よりも出力の小さい車種に搭載対応車種を変更する。また、電池容量グレード閾値を超えていた場合には、現在の電池容量グレードよりもグレードを１つ下げる旨の通知を行う。これにより、車載用蓄電装置に負担の少ない使用形態を取ることができるとともに、寿命まで無駄なく有効に使用することが可能となる。 First, the control device determines the deterioration state of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 based on the number of uses and the accumulated power amount recorded in the memory 13 of the in-vehicle power storage device 10.
Specifically, it is determined whether the number of times of use does not exceed a predetermined threshold value, and whether the integrated power amount exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Here, the threshold value is set stepwise according to the degree of deterioration of each in-vehicle power storage device 10. For example, as a threshold value, a discard threshold value for instructing disposal, a vehicle type change threshold value for instructing a vehicle type change, a battery capacity grade threshold value for instructing a change in battery capacity grade, and the like are set using the number of uses and the integrated power amount as parameters, respectively. .
If either the number of times of use or the accumulated power amount exceeds the discard threshold, it is determined that the degree of deterioration is significant, and a notification is given to discard. As a notification method, there is a method of notifying visually by displaying it on a display device (not shown) provided in the charging device 20 or a method of notifying visually such as a buzzer.
In addition, when the vehicle type change threshold is exceeded although the vehicle has not reached the discard threshold, the vehicle type for mounting is changed to a vehicle type with a smaller output than the currently mountable vehicle type. Further, when the battery capacity grade threshold is exceeded, a notification that the grade is lowered by one from the current battery capacity grade is given. Thereby, while being able to take the usage form with few burdens to a vehicle-mounted power storage device, it becomes possible to use it effectively without waste until its lifetime.

そして、制御装置（図示略）は、上記劣化状態の判定が終了すると、続いて、メモリ１３から残存電力量を読み出し、この読み出した値に基づいて所定の電池容量まで、例えば、現時点における電池容量グレードに応じた電池容量まで、充電を行う指示を出す。これにより、充電が実際に開始される。なお、上記劣化状態の判定処理において、廃棄と判断した場合には、この充電制御は行われない。
そして、車載用蓄電装置１０の残存電力量が所定の容量に達すると、充電装置２０の制御装置（図示略）は、充電が終了した旨の通知を行う。このとき、制御装置は、現時点での残存電力量（充電容量）を車載用蓄電装置１０のメモリ１３（図２参照）に書き込むとともに、メモリ１３に記録されている搭載対応車種の情報及び電池容量グレードを通知する。これにより、充電装置２０から充電が終了した旨の通知を受けた作業員は、充電装置２０から充電済みとなった車載用蓄電装置１０を取り出すとともに、通知された搭載対応車種及び電池容量グレードに基づいて、この車載用蓄電装置１０を充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂとして保存エリア３０の所定場所に配置する。 When the determination of the deterioration state is completed, the control device (not shown) subsequently reads the remaining power amount from the memory 13 and, based on the read value, reaches a predetermined battery capacity, for example, the current battery capacity. Give instructions to charge to the battery capacity according to the grade. Thereby, charging is actually started. Note that this charging control is not performed when it is determined that the battery is discarded in the deterioration state determination process.
When the remaining power amount of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 reaches a predetermined capacity, the control device (not shown) of the charging device 20 notifies that the charging is finished. At this time, the control device writes the remaining power amount (charge capacity) at the present time in the memory 13 (see FIG. 2) of the in-vehicle power storage device 10, and information on the corresponding vehicle type and battery capacity recorded in the memory 13. Notify the grade. As a result, the worker who has received a notification that charging has been completed from the charging device 20 takes out the in-vehicle power storage device 10 that has been charged from the charging device 20, and sets the notified compatible vehicle type and battery capacity grade. Based on this, this in-vehicle power storage device 10 is placed at a predetermined location in the storage area 30 as a charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b.

以上、述べてきたように、本実施形態に係る蓄電装置交換スタンドによれば、使用状態に関する情報が記録されているメモリ１３を備える車載用蓄電装置１０を取り扱い対象とするため、車載用蓄電装置１０のメモリ１３に記録されている使用状態に関する情報を読み出すという処理を行うだけで、充電装置２０は、その車載用蓄電装置１０の使用状態を瞬時に把握することができる。この結果、非常に効率よく充電や車両への搭載を行わせることができる。
具体的には、車載用蓄電装置１０の残存電力量がメモリ１３に記録されていることにより、充電装置２０は残存電力量を算出するための煩雑な演算処理を行うことなく、非常に容易に残存電力量を取得することができる。
また、使用回数や積算電力量がメモリ１３に記録されていることにより、車載用蓄電装置の劣化状態を容易に判定することができ、適切な充電制御を行うことが可能となる。
また、車載用蓄電装置１０が保護回路１２（図２参照）を備えているので、充電装置２０に保護回路１２に相当する機能を備えることなく、非常に簡易な構成により安全に充電を行うことができる。 As described above, according to the power storage device replacement stand according to the present embodiment, the vehicle power storage device 10 including the memory 13 in which information on the usage state is recorded is handled. The charging device 20 can instantly grasp the usage state of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 only by reading the information on the usage state recorded in the memory 13. As a result, charging and mounting on the vehicle can be performed very efficiently.
Specifically, since the remaining power amount of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 is recorded in the memory 13, the charging device 20 can very easily perform a complicated calculation process for calculating the remaining power amount. The remaining power can be acquired.
Further, since the number of times of use and the accumulated power amount are recorded in the memory 13, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration state of the in-vehicle power storage device, and to perform appropriate charge control.
Further, since the in-vehicle power storage device 10 includes the protection circuit 12 (see FIG. 2), the charging device 20 can be safely charged with a very simple configuration without having a function corresponding to the protection circuit 12. Can do.

なお、車載用蓄電装置１０ａを充電する場合における充電容量については電池容量とは別に、充電装置２０内の制御装置が、車載用蓄電装置１０の劣化状態に基づいて設定できるような構成としても良い。例えば、劣化の程度が高いものについては、充電容量を電池容量よりも少なく設定することにより、無理な使用を回避するようにする。これにより、寿命まで無駄なく効果的に車載用蓄電装置を使用することができる。   In addition, about the charging capacity in the case of charging the vehicle-mounted power storage device 10a, it is good also as a structure which the control apparatus in the charging device 20 can set based on the deterioration state of the vehicle-mounted power storage device 10 separately from a battery capacity. . For example, for those with a high degree of deterioration, excessive use is avoided by setting the charging capacity to be smaller than the battery capacity. Thereby, the vehicle-mounted power storage device can be effectively used without waste until the end of its life.

なお、上述した第１の実施形態においては、蓄電装置交換スタンドに充電装置２０を設置したが、以下のような構成とすることで、充電装置２０を不要とすることも可能である。例えば、蓄電装置交換スタンドの保管エリア３０に使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａを保管しておき、定期的に、この使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａを電池リサイクル工場へ移送する。電池リサイクル工場には、複数台の充電装置２０が配されており、これらにより各使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａは、それぞれの電池容量グレードに応じて充電される。そして、充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂとなった車載用蓄電装置１０を元の蓄電装置交換スタンドへ移送する。これにより、充電装置２０は不要となる。
更に、上記電池リサイクル工場には、複数の蓄電装置交換スタンドから使用済み車載用蓄電装置１０ａが移送されてくるような構成をとり、電池リサイクル工場からは各蓄電装置交換スタンドへ平等に充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂを移送するようにすることで、各蓄電装置交換スタンドに保管されている充電済み車載用蓄電装置１０ｂの台数の隔たりをなくすことができる。 In the first embodiment described above, the charging device 20 is installed in the power storage device replacement stand. However, the charging device 20 can be omitted by adopting the following configuration. For example, the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is stored in the storage area 30 of the power storage device replacement stand, and this used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is periodically transferred to the battery recycling factory. A plurality of charging devices 20 are arranged in the battery recycling factory, and each used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is charged according to each battery capacity grade. Then, the in-vehicle power storage device 10 that has become the charged in-vehicle power storage device 10b is transferred to the original power storage device replacement stand. Thereby, the charging device 20 becomes unnecessary.
Further, the battery recycling factory is configured such that the used in-vehicle power storage device 10a is transferred from a plurality of power storage device replacement stands, and the battery recycling plant is charged equally to each power storage device replacement stand. By transferring the power storage device 10b, the difference in the number of charged in-vehicle power storage devices 10b stored in each power storage device replacement stand can be eliminated.

次に、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置について説明する。
図３及び図４に本実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置１０の概略構成図を示す。
図３に示すように、本実施形態における車載用蓄電装置１０は、複数の二次電池（図示略）が直列接続された組電池５０を４つ並列接続して構成される。そして、各組電池５０はそれぞれ単独して着脱可能な構成となっている。
図４にこの組電池５０の構成を示す。この図に示すように、組電池５０は、複数の二次電池（図示略）が直列接続されて構成されている組電池本体５１と、保護回路１２と、メモリ１３とを主な構成要素として備えている。保護回路１２の構成は上述の第１の実施形態と同様であり、また、メモリ１３には、対応する組電池本体５１の使用状態に関する情報、例えば、使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量グレード、搭載対応車種等が記録されている。
本実施形態における車載用蓄電装置が上述の第１の実施形態と異なる点は、組電池５０を１つの交換単位としている点である。
このため、図１に示した蓄電装置交換スタンドにおいても、取り扱い単位は、各組電池５０となる。具体的には、車両１００から取り外された使用済み組電池が充電装置２０により充電され、充電された組電池が充電済み組電池として保管エリア３０に保管されることとなる。 Next, an in-vehicle power storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
3 and 4 are schematic configuration diagrams of the in-vehicle power storage device 10 according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3, the in-vehicle power storage device 10 in the present embodiment is configured by connecting in parallel four assembled batteries 50 in which a plurality of secondary batteries (not shown) are connected in series. Each assembled battery 50 is configured to be detachable independently.
FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the assembled battery 50. As shown in this figure, an assembled battery 50 includes an assembled battery main body 51 configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries (not shown) in series, a protection circuit 12, and a memory 13 as main components. I have. The configuration of the protection circuit 12 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the memory 13 includes information on the usage state of the corresponding assembled battery main body 51, for example, the number of uses, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, The battery capacity grade, the model for mounting, etc. are recorded.
The in-vehicle power storage device in the present embodiment is different from the above-described first embodiment in that the assembled battery 50 is used as one replacement unit.
For this reason, also in the electrical storage apparatus exchange stand shown in FIG. Specifically, the used assembled battery removed from the vehicle 100 is charged by the charging device 20, and the charged assembled battery is stored in the storage area 30 as a charged assembled battery.

以上、説明したように、本実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置１０によれば、組電池５０単位で車両１００から着脱できるように構成したので、各組電池５０に蓄電されている電力を無駄なく有効に使用することができ、効率良く、且つ効果的に車載用蓄電装置１０の交換を行うことが可能となる。
なお、本実施形態においても、第１の実施形態と同様に使用済み組電池を電池リサイクル工場へ移送するような形態をとっても良い。
なお、上述したメモリ１３に記録された使用状態に関する情報は、有線又は無線により読み出すことが可能である。また、ＩＣタグのような構成をとることにより、非常に容易に情報を転送することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the in-vehicle power storage device 10 according to the present embodiment, since it is configured to be detachable from the vehicle 100 in units of the assembled battery 50, power stored in each assembled battery 50 can be used without waste. It can be used effectively, and the in-vehicle power storage device 10 can be exchanged efficiently and effectively.
In the present embodiment as well, a configuration may be adopted in which a used assembled battery is transferred to a battery recycling factory, as in the first embodiment.
Note that the information on the usage state recorded in the memory 13 can be read out by wire or wirelessly. Further, by adopting a configuration like an IC tag, information can be transferred very easily.

本発明の第１の実施形態に係る蓄電装置交換スタンドの主な構成要素を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the main components of the electrical storage apparatus exchange stand which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the vehicle-mounted electrical storage apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る車載用蓄電装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the vehicle-mounted electrical storage apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る組電池の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the assembled battery which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 車載用蓄電装置
１０ａ 使用済み車載用蓄電装置
１０ｂ 充電済み車載用蓄電装置
１２、５２ 保護回路
１３、５３ メモリ
２０ 充電装置
３０ 保管エリア
５０ 組電池
１００ 車両 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 In-vehicle power storage device 10a Used in-vehicle power storage device 10b Charged in-vehicle power storage device 12, 52 Protection circuit 13, 53 Memory 20 Charging device 30 Storage area 50 Battery pack 100 Vehicle

Claims (11)

電力を動力源として走行する車両に、着脱可能に搭載される車載用蓄電装置であって、
使用状態に関する情報を記録する記憶手段を備えることを特徴とする車載用蓄電装置。 An in-vehicle power storage device that is detachably mounted on a vehicle that travels using electric power as a power source,
An in-vehicle power storage device comprising storage means for recording information relating to a use state. 保護回路を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車載用蓄電装置。   The in-vehicle power storage device according to claim 1, further comprising a protection circuit. 複数の二次電池が直列接続された組電池を少なくとも２つ並列接続して構成されるとともに、前記組電池はそれぞれ単独で着脱可能であり、且つ、該組電池に対応して前記保護回路及び前記記憶手段がそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の車載用蓄電装置。   The battery pack is configured by connecting in parallel at least two battery packs in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series, and each battery pack is detachable independently. The in-vehicle power storage device according to claim 2, wherein each of the storage units is provided. 前記保護回路は、均一充電手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項２又は請求項３に記載の車載用蓄電装置。   The in-vehicle power storage device according to claim 2, wherein the protection circuit includes a uniform charging unit. 前記使用状態に係る情報には、使用回数、残存電力量、積算電力量、電池容量のグレード、及び搭載対応車種から選ばれる少なくとも１つ以上の情報が含まれることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれかの項に記載の車載用蓄電装置。   The information related to the use state includes at least one information selected from the number of times of use, the remaining power amount, the accumulated power amount, the battery capacity grade, and the vehicle model for mounting. The in-vehicle power storage device according to claim 4. 電力を動力源として走行する車両に搭載されて使用されることにより、残存電力量が少なくなった使用済み車載用蓄電装置を充電済み車載用蓄電装置に交換するための蓄電装置交換スタンドであって、
前記車載用蓄電装置は使用状態に関する情報を記録するための記憶手段を備えており、
前記車両から取り外された前記使用済み車載用蓄電装置を充電して、交換用の前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置として保管することを特徴とする蓄電装置交換スタンド。 A power storage device replacement stand for exchanging a used in-vehicle power storage device with a reduced amount of remaining power by replacing it with a charged in-vehicle power storage device by being mounted on a vehicle that travels using electric power as a power source. ,
The in-vehicle power storage device includes a storage unit for recording information on a usage state,
A power storage device replacement stand, wherein the used in-vehicle power storage device removed from the vehicle is charged and stored as the replaced in-vehicle power storage device for replacement. 電力を動力源として走行する車両に搭載されて使用されることにより、残存電力量が少なくなった使用済み組電池を充電済み組電池に交換するための蓄電装置交換スタンドであって、
前記組電池は複数の二次電池が直列接続されて構成されるとともに、前記車両においては、複数の前記組電池が並列接続されて使用され、且つ、各組電池は使用状態に関する情報を記録するための記憶手段を備えており、
前記車両から取り外された前記使用済み組電池を充電して、交換用の前記充電済み組電池として保管することを特徴とする蓄電装置交換スタンド。 A power storage device replacement stand for exchanging a used assembled battery whose remaining power amount is reduced by being mounted on a vehicle that travels using electric power as a power source,
The assembled battery is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries in series, and in the vehicle, the plurality of assembled batteries are used in parallel connection, and each assembled battery records information on a use state. Storage means for
The power storage device replacement stand, wherein the used assembled battery removed from the vehicle is charged and stored as the replaced assembled battery for replacement. 前記使用済み車載用蓄電装置又は前記使用済み組電池が有する記憶手段に記録されている使用状態に関する情報に基づいて充電を行う充電装置を具備することを特徴とする請求項６又は請求項７に記載の蓄電装置交換スタンド。   The charging device according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a charging device that performs charging based on information on a usage state recorded in a storage unit included in the used in-vehicle power storage device or the used assembled battery. The power storage device replacement stand described. 前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置又は前記使用済み組電池が、搭載対応車種毎に区分して保管されていることを特徴とする請求項６から請求項８のいずれかの項に記載の蓄電装置交換スタンド。   The storage device replacement according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the charged in-vehicle power storage device or the used assembled battery is stored separately for each mountable vehicle type. stand. 前記充電済み車載用蓄電装置又は前記充電済み組電池の電池容量は数段階のグレードに分けられており、各電池容量グレード別に区分して保管されていることを特徴とする請求項６から請求項９のいずれかの項に記載の蓄電装置交換スタンド。   The battery capacity of the charged in-vehicle power storage device or the charged assembled battery is divided into several grades and stored separately for each battery capacity grade. The power storage device replacement stand according to any one of items 9 to 9. 前記記憶手段に記録されている積算電力量が予め設定されている所定の閾値以上であった場合に、又は、前記記憶手段に記録されている使用回数が予め設定されている所定回数以上であった場合に、前記搭載対応車種が出力の小さい車種に変更されるか、又は前記電池容量グレードが小さいグレードに変更されることを特徴とする請求項９又は請求項１０に記載の蓄電装置交換スタンド。   When the integrated power amount recorded in the storage means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, or the number of uses recorded in the storage means is equal to or greater than a predetermined number of times set in advance. 11. The power storage device replacement stand according to claim 9, wherein the vehicle model for mounting is changed to a vehicle type with a small output, or the battery capacity grade is changed to a small grade. .
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